初中英语主谓一致讲解

初中英语主谓一致

主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致

主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致原则．

1.单数名词(代词)或不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数。

The desk is Tom’s.Some water is in the bottle.

The students are playing football on the playground.

２. 表示时间、价格、重量、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，谓语用单数形式。One and a half hours is enough. Twenty dollars is enough.

Two monthshas passed.Tweney pounds isn’t so heavy.

３. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

To see is to believe.眼见为实。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.

４. 主语为one of , each of等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如：

One of my favorite sports is basketball.Each of them has an English dictionary.

５.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如：

Is everyone here today？Something is wrong with him. Nobody was in.

６. each,either,neither,another,the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Neither answer is correct两个答案都不正确。

７. 有些以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news,maths,physics等。

No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。

Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。

８. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，

The police(警方)are searching for the robbers.People here are very friendly.

９. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；

Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。

10“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。

The Smiths are having dinner.

11. a number of+pl.n“许多…”表示复数；the number of +pl.n“…的数字”表示单数。

A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。

12. 当kind of,pair of, glass of 等短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。

This pair of trousers is very new, but Tom’s trousers are v ery old.

There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有两杯水。

13. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。

The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。

The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。

14 or, either…or…，neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主

语以及here，there开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词采用就近原则。

Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。

Either this one or that one is ok. 这一个或那一个都行。

There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔

Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。

15 当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like

等介词短语时，谓语动词由主语的单复数决定。与介词短语之后的名词无关。

The fruit like apples, oranges is good for our health.

Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。

Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。

16. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。

Swimming and walking are good exercises.

The bread and the butter __ their main food.

A. is

B. are

C. has

D. have

The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)

The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)

但every, each, no 做定语时，即使用and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数．

No teacher and no student has seen the film.

Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。．

No food and no water __in the house.

A. is

B. has

C. are

D. have

17. family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如：

His family isn’t large. 他家的人不多。

My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。

18. 单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。

A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.

19. all/most/half/the rest of+名词，lots of/ a lot of/plenty of+ 名词，分数/百分数+名词作主语，谓语动词由of后面的名词的数保持一致。

All of my students work hard.All of the oil is gone.

20. 定语从句中关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与

句中先行词的数一致。

Ｉlike the music that is interesting.I like the people who are friendly.

21.名词性物主代词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。

Your classroom is small.Ours (=our classroom) is big.

Your shoes are white, Mine (= my shoes) are black.

22.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：

Between the two buildings is a big tree.

24.population 作主语，作“人口”讲时，谓语常用单数形式；当它作“人们”讲时，谓语常用复数形式。另外，当分数、百分比数修饰population 作主语时，谓语常用复数形式。The population of China is very large.

Two thirds of Chinese population are farmers.

25.What从句做主语，表语是复数，谓语动词用复数．

What the students need ____ good books.

A. is

B. are

C. have

D. has

倒装句

英语句子的自然语序是主语在前,谓语在后。把谓语放在主语之前,就叫做倒装。全部谓语放