专四阅读
专四阅读几篇
专四阅读几篇
专四阅读是指四级考试中的阅读部分，是考生们面对的重要考试内容之一。
专四阅读几篇是指具体考试中有几篇阅读文章，这个问题目前的答案是“两篇”。
专四阅读考试时间为50分钟，每篇文章一般考查的是学生的阅读能力。
一般来说，每篇文章的题目不会太多，大概在20道题左右，考查的是学生对文章的理解能力，以及他们对文中内容的把握能力。
在专四阅读考试中，一般会出现两篇文章，每篇文章的难度不同，一篇文章一般是以说明文的形式出现，它的内容可能涉及社会、文化、历史、科学等方面，它的目的是为了考查学生的阅读能力，以及他们对文章的理解能力；而另一篇文章一般是议论文，它的内容一般是比较复杂的，它要求学生掌握文章的语义，以及对文章的论点的把握，从而考查学生阅读能力的进一步提高。
专四阅读考试的考题也会有所不同，一般考查的是学生对文章内容的理解能力，以及他们对文章中提出的问题的回答能力，因此，学生在准备专四阅读考试时，最好是多多熟悉文章内容，多看别人的论述，以增强自己的思路和理解能力，并能够更好地分析文章的内容，从而更好地适应考试。
总之，专四阅读几篇的答案是“两篇”，考试时间为50分钟，每篇文章的难度不同，考查的是学生对文章的理解能力，以及他们对文中内容的把握能力。
学生在准备专四阅读考试时，最好是多多熟悉文章内容，多看别人的论述，以增强自己的思路和理解能力，并能够更好地分析文章的内容，从而更好地适应考试。
英语专业四级阅读理解考试题及答案解析
英语专业四级阅读理解考试题及答案解析英语专业四级阅读理解考试题及答案解析韩愈说过这样一句话：“业精于勤荒于嬉，行成于思毁于随””。
天才就是无止境刻苦勤奋的努力。
成绩优与良;才思浓与淡，都是由勤奋注定的。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语专业四级阅读理解考试题及答案解析，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!As the merchant class expanded in the eighteenth?century North American Colonies, the silversmithand the coppersmith businesses rose to serve it.Only a few silversmiths were available in New Yorkor Boston in the late seventeenth century, but in theeighteenth century they could be found in all majorcolonial cities. No other colonial artisans rivaled thesilversmiths’ prestige. They handled the mostexpensive materials and possessed direct connections to prosperous colonial merchants. Theirproducts, primarily silver plates and bowls, reflected their exalted status and testified to theircustomers’ prominence. Silver stood as one of the surest ways to store wealth at a time beforeneighborhood banks existed. Unlike the silver coins from which they were made, silver articleswere readily identifiable. Often formed to individual specifications, they always carried thesilversmith’s distinctive markings and consequently could be traced and retrieved.Customers generally secure the silver for the silver object they ordered. They saved coins, tookthem to smiths, and discussed the type of pieces they desired. Silversmiths complied with theserequests by melting the money in a small furnace, adding a bit of copper to form a strongeralloy, and casting the alloy in rectangular blocks. They hammered these ingots to theappropriate thickness by hand, shaped them and pressed designs into them for adornment.Engraving was alsodone by hand. In addition to plates and bowls, some customers soughtmore intricate products, such as silver teapots. These were made by shaping or casting partsseparately and then soldering them together. Colonial coppersmithing also come of age in theearly eighteenth century and prospered in northern cities. Copper’s ability to conduct heatefficiently and to resist corrosion contributed to its attractiveness. But because it wasexpensive in colonial America, coppersmiths were never very numerous. Virtually all copperworked by Smiths was imported as sheets or obtained by recycling old copper goods. Copperwas used for practical items, but it was not admired for its beauty. Coppersmiths employed it tofashion pots and kettles for the home. They shaped it in much the same manner as silver ormelted it in a foundry with lead or tin. They also mixed it with zinc to make brass for maritimeand scientific instruments.?1、According to the passage, which of the following eighteenth century developments had strongimpact on silversmithsA. A decrease in the cost of silver.B. The invention of heat efficient furnaces.C. The growing economic prosperity of colonial merchants.D. The development of new tools used to shape silver.2.In colonial America, where did silversmiths usually obtain the material to make silver articles? ?A. From their own mines.B. From importers.C. From other silversmiths.D. From customers.3.The passage mentions all of the following as uses for copper in Colonial America EXCEPT ______A. cooking potsB. scientific instrumentsC. musical instrumentsD. maritime instruments4.According to the passage, silversmiths and coppersmiths in colonial America were similar inwhich of the following waysA. The amount of social prestige they had.B. The way they shaped the metal they worked with. ?C. The cost of the goods they made.D. The practicality of the goods they made.参考答案：1. C) 根据文章第一句“As the merchant classexpanded in the eighteenth?century North AmericanColonies,...”可知，随着在十八世纪的北美殖民地商人阶级膨胀起来，也就是说那时的商人财富有了很大的发展，银匠铜匠们有机会发挥他们的.专长了，这与选项C正好相符。
专四阅读训练方法
专四阅读训练方法
专四阅读训练方法主要包括以下步骤：
1. 词汇积累：阅读理解的第一步就是词汇积累，专四考试对词汇量有一定要求，考生需熟练掌握一定数量的词汇。
可以通过背单词书籍、记忆卡片等方式进行词汇积累。
2. 理解长难句：长难句是阅读理解中的一大难点，考生需要通过大量的练习和精读来提高长难句的理解能力。
3. 掌握阅读技巧：阅读理解不仅要求理解文章内容，还需要掌握一定的阅读技巧，如略读、扫读、预测答案等。
这些技巧可以通过做阅读理解练习和参加阅读技巧课程来提高。
4. 多做真题：历年真题是了解考试形式和考试内容的最好方式，通过多做真题，考生可以熟悉考试难度和题型，找到自己的薄弱环节，有针对性地进行改进。
5. 模拟考试：模拟考试可以帮助考生熟悉考试流程和时间限制，提高答题效率，避免因为时间不够或流程不熟悉而影响成绩。
6. 反思与总结：每次练习或模拟考试后，考生应该对自己的答案进行反思和总结，找出自己的不足之处，有针对性地进行改进。
以上是专四阅读训练的一些方法，希望对你有所帮助。
同时建议寻找一位经验丰富的老师或导师进行指导，他们的经验和技巧将对你的备考过程起到重要的推动作用。
专四阅读的方法与技巧
专四阅读的方法与技巧
专四阅读是考生备战专四考试中的一项重要任务。
为了顺利通过专四阅读部分，考生需要掌握一些方法和技巧，以提高阅读理解的能力。
以下是一些可以帮助考生提高专四阅读能力的方法和技巧。
首先，建立良好的阅读习惯非常重要。
考生应该每天坚持阅读英语文章，包括新闻、小说、杂志等，以提升词汇量和阅读速度。
同时，考生还可以阅读专门为专四准备的阅读材料，熟悉专四考试的题型和难度。
其次，要注重理解文章的整体结构和主旨。
考生在阅读时应注意文章的开头和结尾，这些部分通常会包含文章的主旨和核心观点。
了解文章的结构可以帮助考生更好地理解文章的内容，并更容易回答相关的问题。
另外，考生需要学会运用上下文推测词义。
在阅读时，会遇到一些生词，考生可以通过上下文中的其他信息来猜测这些生词的意思。
这样不仅可以帮助考生更好地理解文章，还可以提高词汇的运用能力。
此外，考生还应该注重细节和关键信息的捕捉。
专四阅读题常常会涉及到文章中的细节或者关键信息，考生需要有良好的注意力和观察力来找到这些信息。
可以通过划线、做笔记等方式来帮助记忆这些信息，
以便在回答问题时更准确地引用。
最后，考生需要进行大量的练习。
通过做专四阅读的模拟题和历年真题，考生可以熟悉专四考试的题型和要求，同时也可以提高阅读理解的能力。
练习还可以帮助考生找到自己的弱点，及时进行针对性的复习和提高。
总之，通过建立良好的阅读习惯、注重文章结构和主旨、推测词义、捕捉细节和关键信息以及进行大量的练习，考生可以提高专四阅读的能力，更好地应对考试。
2023英语专四阅读练习及答案汇总
2023英语专四阅读练习及答案汇总2023英语专四阅读练习及答案汇总成长与家庭危机The adolescent, with his passion for sincerity, always respects a parent who admits that he is wrong, or ignorant, or even that he has been unfair or unjust. What the child cannot forgive is the parent's refusal to admit these charges if the child knows them to be true.1. According to the passage, children would arouse parents' disappointment forB. talking back to their parents.C. plaining home-made dishes.D. making some spiteful remark.2. When adolescents feel disillusion with their parents, it means that theyA. feel disappointed with their parents.B. are developing into maturity.C. just want to hurt their parents.D. are expressing their discontentment.3. Adolescents in Victorian timesA. had shown more respect for parents than today.B. always answered back to deal with the problem.C. admired the authoritarian attitude of their parents.D. were too afraid to tell what they really thought.4. What is the tone of the passage?A. Critical.B. Humorous.C. Serious.D. Ambiguous.5. What does this passage mainly discuss?A. Children will bee more and more mature when growing up.B. Parents have to change their ways in educating their children.C. The conflicts between parents and their children are inevitable.D. Parents have made mistakes in munication with children.答案解析：1.[A]细节判断题。
专四阅读理解训练8篇
英语专四阅读预测题（1）As many as one thousand years ago in the Southwest, the Hopi and Zuni Indians of North America were building with adobe－sun baked brick plastered with mud. Their homes looked remarkably like modern apartment houses. Some were four stories high and contained quarters for perhaps a thousand people, along with store rooms for grain and other goods. These buildings were usually put up against cliffs, both to make construction easier and for defense against enemies. They were really villages in themselves, as later Spanish explorers must have realized since they called them "pueblos", which is Spanish for town.The people of the pueblos raised what are called"the three sisters" - corn, beans, and squash. They made excellent pottery and wove marvelous baskets, some so fine that they could hold water. The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi and Zuni brought water from streams to their fields and gardens through irrigation ditches. Water was so important that it played a major role in their religion. They developed elaborate ceremonies and religious rituals to bring rain.The way of life of less settled groups was simpler and more strongly influenced by nature. Small tribes such as the Shoshone and Ute wandered the dry and mountainous lands between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. They gathered seeds and hunted small animals such as small rabbits and snakes. In the Far North the ancestors of today’s Inuit hunted seals, walruses, and the great whales. They lived right on the frozen seas in shelters called igloos built of blocks of packed snow. When summer came, they fished for salmon and hunted the lordly caribou.The Cheyenne, Pawnee, and Sioux tribes, known as the Plains Indians, lived on the grasslands between the Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi River. They hunted bison, commonly called the buffalo. Its meat was the chief food of these tribes, and its hide was used to make their clothing and covering of their tents and tipis.16. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The architecture of early American Indian buildings.B. The movement of American Indians across North America.C. Ceremonies and rituals of American Indians.D. The way of life of American Indian tribes in early North America.17. It can be inferred from the passage that the dwellings of the Hopi and Zuni were______.A. very smallB. highly advancedC. difficult to defendD. quickly constructed专业四级阅读练习（2）Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone against another. In this way, they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from dead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood.Human beings needed to use tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat eating animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily. Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human brain grew bigger, and human beings began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of the first tools that people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to success of mankind.24. The stone chip is thought to be the most important tool because it ______.A. was one of the first toolsB. developed human capabilitiesC. led to the invention of machinesD. was crucial to the development of mankind25. At the end of the passage the author seems to suggest that life in future is ______.A. disastrousB. unpredictableC. excitingD. colorful英语专四阅读预测题（3）About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture writing and pictures together. When animportant person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it.By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.27. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because______.A. the hunters wanted to see the picturesB. the painters were animal loversC. the painters wanted to show imaginationD. the pictures were thought to be helpful28. The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT that______.A. the former was easy to writeB. there were fewer signs in the formerC. the former was easy to pronounceD. each sign stood for only one sound29. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.B. The Egyptians liked to write comic strip stories.C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.30. In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ______.A. should be made comprehensibleB. should be made interestingC. are of much use in our lifeD. have disappeared from our life英语专四阅读预测题（4）There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world, even the seasonal changes, as unpredictable, and they sought through various means, to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances, and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium". In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.Another theory traces the theater’s origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this view, tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.22. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The origins of theater.B. The role of ritual in modern dance.C. The importance of storytelling.D. The variety of early religious activities.23. What aspect of drama does the author discuss in the first paragraph?A. The reason drama is often unpredictable.B. The seasons in which dramas were performed.C. The connection between myths and dramatic plots.D. The importance of costumes in early drama.24. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common element of theater and ritual?A. Dance.B. Costumes.C. Music.D. Magic.25. According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama?A. Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.B. Ritual is shorter than drama.C. Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.D. Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not.26. The passage supports which of the following statements?A. No one really knows how the theater began.B. Myths are no longer represented dramatically.C. Storytelling is an important part of dance.D. Dramatic activities require the use of costumes.英语专四阅读预测题（5）Most earthquakes occur within the upper 15 miles of the earth's surface. But earthquakes can and do occur at all depths to about 460 miles. Their number decreases as the depth increases. At about 460 miles one earthquake occurs only every few years. Near the surface earthquakes may run as high as 100 in a month, but the yearly average does not vary much. In comparison with the total number of earthquakes each year, the number of disastrous earthquakes is very small.The extent of the disaster in an earthquake depends on many factors. If you carefully build a toy house with an erect set, it will still stand no matter how much you shake the table. But if you build a toy house with a pack of cards, a slight shake of the table will make it fall. An earthquake in Agadir, Morocco, was not strong enough to be recorded on distant instruments, but it completely destroyed the city. Many stronger earthquakes have done comparatively little damage. If a building is well constructed and built on solid ground, it will resist an earthquake. Most deaths in earthquakes have been due to faulty building construction or poor building sites. A third and very serious factor is panic. When people rush out into narrow streets, more deaths will result.The United Nations has played an important part in reducing the damage done by earthquakes. It has sent a team of experts to all countries known to be affected by earthquakes. Working with local geologists and engineers, the experts have studied the nature of the ground and the type of most practical building code for the local area. If followed, these suggestions will make disastrous earthquakes almost a thing of the past.There is one type of earthquake disaster that little can be done about. This is the disaster caused by seismic sea waves, or tsunamis. (These are often called tidal waves, but the name is incorrect. They have nothing to do with tides.) In certain areas, earthquakes take place beneath the sea. These submarine earthquakes sometimes give rise to seismic sea waves. The waves are not noticeable out at sea because of their long wave length. But when they roll into harbors, they pile up into walls of water 6 to 60 feet high. The Japanese call them "tsunamis", meaning "harbor waves", because they reach a sizable height only in harbors.Tsunamis travel fairly slowly, at speeds up to 500 miles an hour. An adequate warning system is in use to warn all shores likely to be reached by the waves. But this only enables people to leave the threatened shores for higher ground. There is no way to stop the oncoming wave.18. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?A. The number of earthquakes is closely related to depth.B. Roughly the same number of earthquakes occur each year.C. Earthquakes are impossible at depths over 460 miles.D. Earthquakes are most likely to occur near the surfaces.19. The destruction of Agadir is an example of ______.A. faulty building constructionB. an earthquake's strengthC. widespread panic in earthquakesD. ineffective instruments20. The United Nations' experts are supposed to______.A. construct strong buildingsB. put forward proposalsC. detect disastrous earthquakesD. monitor earthquakes21. The significance of the slow speed of tsunamis is that people may______.A. notice them out at seaB. find ways to stop themC. be warned early enoughD. develop warning systems英语TEM4阅读理解模拟题（6）It was the worst tragedy in maritime (航海的) history, six times more deadly than the Titanic.When the German cruise ship Wilhelm Gustloff was hit by torpedoes (鱼雷) fired from a Russian submarine in the final winter of World War II, more than 10,000 people - mostly women, children and old people fleeing the final Red Army push into Nazi Germany - were packed aboard. An ice storm had turned the decks into frozen sheets that sent hundreds of families sliding into the sea as the ship tilted andbegan to go down. Others desperately tried to put lifeboats down. Some who succeeded fought offthose in the water who had the strength to try to claw their way aboard. Most people froze immediately. Tll never forget the screams," says Christa Ntitzmann, 87, one of the 1,200 survivors. She recalls watching the ship, brightly lit, slipping into its dark grave - and into seeming nothingness, rarely mentioned for more than half a century.Now Germanys Nobel Prize-winning author Gtinter Grass has revived the memory of the 9,000 dead, including more than 4,000 children - with his latest novel Crab Walk, published last month. The book, which will be out in English next year, doesnt dwell on the sinking; its heroine is a pregnant young woman who survives the catastrophe only to say later: "Nobody wanted to hear about it, not here in the West (of Germany) and not at all in the East." The reason was obvious. As Grass put it in a recent interview with the weekly Die Woche: "Because the crimes we Germans are responsible for were and are so dominant, we didn\’t have the energy left to tell of our own sufferings.The long silence about the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was probably unavoi dable - and necessary. By unreservedly owning up to their countrys monstrous crimes in the Second World War, Germans have managed to win acceptance abroad, marginalize ( 使...不得势) the neo- Nazis at home and make peace with their neighbors. Todays unified Germany is more prosperous and stable than at any time in its long, troubled history. For that, a half century of willful forgetting about painful memories like the German Titanic was perhaps a reasonable price to pay. But even the most politically correct Germans believe that they ye now earned the right to discuss the full historical record. Not to equate German suffering with that of its victims, but simply to acknowledge a terrible tragedy.21、Why does the author say the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustloff was the worst tragedy in maritime history?A) It was attacked by Russian torpedoes. B) Most of its passengers were frozen to death.C) Its victims were mostly women and children. D) It caused the largest number of casualties.22、Hundreds of families dropped into the sea whenA) a strong ice storm tilted the ship B) the cruise ship sank all of a suddenC) the badly damaged ship leaned toward one side D) the frightened passengers fought desperately for lifeboats23、The Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy was little talked about for more than half a century because GermansA) were eager,to win international acceptance B) felt guilty for their crimes in World War IIC)~ad been pressured to keep silent about it D) were afraid of offending their neighbors24、How does Gunter Grass revive the memory of the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy?A) By presenting the horrible scene of the torpedo attack. B) By describing the ships sinking in great detail.C) By giving an interview to the weekly Die Woche. D) By depicting the survival of a young pregnant woman.25、It can be learned from the passage that Germans no longer think thatA) they will be misunderstood if they talk about the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedyB) the Wilhelm Gustloff tragedy is a reasonable price to pay for the nations past misdeedsC) Germany is responsible for the horrible crimes it committed in World War IID) it-is wrong to equate their sufferings with those of other countries英语专四阅读预测题（7）Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creature，especially human beings，have their peculiarities，but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that，among other eccentricities，eats mud，feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods，and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets？For some fifty million years，despite all its eccentricities，the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet，under rocks in shallow water，or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores，it has the abilityto suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present.Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors，ranging from black to reddish brown to sand color and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumber shaped-hence their name-and because they are typically rock inhabitants，this shape，combined with flexibility，enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents.Although they have voracious appetites，eating day and night，sea cucumbers have the capacity to become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate-feeding sparingly or not at all for long periods，so that the marine organisms that provide their food have a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty，they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence.But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major enemies are fish and crabs，when attacked，it squirts all its internal organs into water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched；it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water becomes too polluted.1. According to the passage，why is the shape of sea cucumbers important？A. It helps them to digest their food.B. It helps them to protect themselves from danger.C. It makes it easier for them to move through the mud.D. It makes them attractive to fish.2. The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses______.A. the reproduction of sea cucumbersB. the food sources of sea cucumbersC. the eating habits of sea cucumbersD. threats to sea cucumbers' existence3. What can be inferred about the defence mechanisms of the sea cucumber？A. They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli.B. They are almost useless.C. They require group cooperation.D. They are similar to those of most sea creatures.4. Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water？A. A touchB. FoodC. Unusually warm waterD. Poll ution.TEM4阅读模拟练习预测题（8）Municipal sewage is of relatively recent origin as a pollutant. It was first brought topublic attention in the 19th century by a London physician who showed that the city's cholera outbreak had been caused by just one contaminated well. Even though the contamination of drinking water by disease germs has been nearly eliminated in this country, hundreds of communities are still discharging raw sewage into streams and rivers. When we consider that this sewage contains effluents fro m toilets, hospitals, laundries,industrial plants, etc., then the potential of the pollutants as a health hazard is apparent.The problem of municipal sewage disposal is complicated by the fact that, years ago, mostcities combined their storm and waste disposal sewers. Many of these combined systems work well, but others cannot cope with sudden heavy rains. When such storms occur, water mixed with sewage may flood and disable treatment plants unless bypassed, untreated, into a stream. In either case, the people may have little protection for several days from these wastes that may contain disease germs. Evenif adequately treated to eliminate the health hazard, sewage is aestheticallyundesirable because of odors and colors produced. Detergents have posed a particular disposal problem. Although there is no indication that they are injurious to health, they can cause foaming, which can clog treatment plants and, at the least, spoil the scenic beauty of streams. Rural and suburban residents should be aware that septic tanks and cesspools are a potential source of pollution to ground water supplies. This is especially true in thesuburban areas with a high population density and with no municipal sewage disposal and treatment system available. In some areas, sewage disposal is accomplished by cesspools. Soil research is furnishing guidelines for more effective and safer use of systems such as these.1. This passage is concerned primarily with the _____ .A. problems of waste disposalB. dangers of drinking from wellsC. turbidity of polluted waterD. outbreak of cholera 2. The author mentions the London cholera epidemic to _____ .A. prove that the city refused to deal with pollutionB. prove that medical science once knew little about pollutionC. introduce the idea of contaminated water suppliesD. recall a historical fact3. In densely populated suburban areas, a danger exits from _____ . A. streams that do not flow directly to open bodies of water B. cesspools and septic tanks that contaminate water supplies C. storm and waste disposal sewers that have been combined D. the undesirable odors of sewage4. In developing the main point, the author makes use of _____ . A. scientific arguments B. convincing testimony C. common sense observations D. analogy （1）D B（2）D B（3）D C A C（4）A C D D A（5）C A B C（6）D C B D A（7）B C A B（8）A C B C Before the mid 1860's, the impact of the railroads in the United States was limited, in the sense that the tracks ended at this Missouri River, approximately the center of the country. At the point the trains turned their freight, mail, and passengers over to steamboats, wagons, and stagecoaches. This meant that wagon freighting, stage coaching, and steam boating did not come to an end when the first train appeared; rather they became supplements or feeders. Each new “end of track” became a center for animal drawn or waterborne transportation. The major effect of the railroad was to shorten the distance that had to be covered by the older, slower, and more costly means. Wagon freighters continued operating throughout the 1870’s and 1880’s and into the 1890’s. Although over constantly shrinking routes, and coaches and wagons continued to crisscross the West wherever the rails had not yet been laid. The beginning of a major change was foreshadowed in the later 1860’s, when the Union Pacific Railroad at last began to build westward from the Central Plains city of Omaha to meet the Central Pacific Railroad advancing eastward from California through the formidable barrier of the Sierra Nevada. Although President Abraham Lincoln signed the original Pacific Railroad bill in 1862 and a revised, financially much more generous version in 1864, little construction was completed until 1865 on the Central Pacific and 1866 on the Union Pacific. The primary reason was skepticism that a Railroad built through so challenging and thinly settled a stretch of desert, mountain, and semiarid plain could pay a profit. In the words of an eco nomist, this was a case of “premature enterprise”, where not only the cost of construction but also the very high risk deterred private investment. In discussing the Pacific Railroad bill, the chair of the congressional committee bluntly stated that without government subsidy no one would undertake so unpromising a venture; yet it was a national necessity to link East and West together. 16. The author refers to the impact of railroads before the late 1860's as “limited” because ____.A. the track did not take the direct route from one city to the nextB. passengers and freight had to transfer to other modes of transportation to reach western destinationsC. passengers preferred stagecoachesD. railroad travel was quite expensive17. What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroad expanded?A. They developed competing routes.B. Their drivers refused to work for the railroads.C. They began to specialize in private investment.D. There were insufficient numbers of trained people to operate them.18. Why does the author mention the Sierra Nevada in line 17?A. To argue that a more direct route to the West could have been taken.B. To identify a historically significant mountain range in the West.C. To point out the location of a serious train accident.D. To give an example of an obstacle faced by the central pacific.19. The word “subsidy” in line 27 is closest in meaning to ____.A. persuasionB. financingC. explanationD. penalty 16. B17. D18. D19. B。
2023专四阅读材料总结
2023专四阅读材料总结概述2023年专业四级考试是国内一项重要的英语水平考试，其中阅读部分是考察考生阅读能力和理解能力的重要一项内容。
本文档将总结2023年专四阅读部分的考试材料，分析其主题和形式，并提供一些建议和技巧，帮助考生更好地备考。
主题分析2023年专四阅读部分的考试材料主题涵盖了多个领域，既有社会热点话题，也包括文化、科技、科学等方面的内容。
通过研究这些主题，考生可以更好地了解时事动态，积累专业知识，培养阅读能力。
以下是一些主要主题的例子：1.社会热点话题：包括环境保护、教育、就业、医疗等方面的问题。
这些话题紧密联系着社会生活，考生需关注相关新闻，了解最新动态，提高对这些话题的理解和分析能力。
2.科技与科学：涉及到科技创新、人工智能、生物科学、天文等方面的内容。
这些材料通常会涉及较多的专业术语和科学原理，考生需要具备一定的科学基础，能够理解并应用相关概念。
3.文化与历史：包括世界各地的文化传统、历史事件等。
这些材料会提供一定的文化背景，对考生了解不同文化有一定帮助，同时也可以提升对历史事件的理解和分析能力。
形式分析2023年专四阅读部分的考试材料形式多样，包括文章、报告、新闻报道等不同类型。
这种多样性要求考生具备灵活的阅读策略和技巧，能够根据不同形式的材料进行针对性的阅读。
以下是一些常见的材料形式：1.文章：通常是一篇较长的文章，其中包含了对某个话题的详细分析和解读。
考生需要能够抓住文章的主旨和重点，理解并提炼出作者的观点和论证。
2.报告：通常是一份研究报告或调查报告，其中包含了具体的数据和研究结果。
考生需要具备较好的数据分析能力，能够从报告中获取关键信息，并理解其意义和影响。
3.新闻报道：通常是短篇的新闻报道或社论，涉及到社会热点事件和问题。
考生需要能够迅速抓住新闻的要点，理解并分析其中的事实和观点。
阅读技巧和备考建议为了在2023年专四阅读部分取得好成绩，考生需要掌握一些阅读技巧和备考建议。
专四阅读真题及答案
专四阅读真题及答案专四阅读真题及答案在学习和工作的日常里，我们经常跟试题打交道，借助试题可以对一个人进行全方位的考核。
什么样的.试题才是科学规范的试题呢？下面是店铺整理的专四阅读真题及答案，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
In this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE(1)When I was twenty-seven years old, I was a mining-broker's clerk in San Francisco, and an expert in all the details of stock traffic. I was alone in the world, and had nothing to depend upon but my wits and a clean reputation; but these were setting my feet in the road to eventual fortune, and I was content with the prospect. My time was my own after the afternoon board, Saturdays, and I was accustomed to putting it in on a little sail-boat on the bay. One day I ventured too far, and was carried out to sea. Just at nightfall, when hope was about gone, I was picked up by a small ship which was bound for London. It was a long and stormy voyage, and they made me work my passage without pay, as a common sailor. When I stepped ashore in London my clothes were ragged and shabby, and I had only a dollar in my pocket. This money fed and sheltered me twenty-four hours. During the next twenty-four I went without food and shelter.(2)About ten o'clock on the following morning, dirty and hungry, I was dragging myself along Portland Place, when a child that was passing, towed by a nurse-maid, tossed a big pear -minus one bite - into the gutter. I stopped, of course, and fastened my desiring eye on that muddy treasure. My mouth watered for it, my stomach craved it, my whole being, begged for it. But every time I made a move to get it some passing eye detected my purpose, and of course I straightened up then, and looked indifferent and pretended that I hadn't been thinking about the pear at all. This same thing kept happening and happening, and I couldn't get the pear.(3)I was just getting desperate enough to brave all the shame, and to seize it, when a window behind me was raised, and a gentleman spoke out of it, saying: "Step in here, please."(4)I was admitted by a man servant, and shown into a sumptuous room where a couple of elderly gentlemen were sitting. They sent away the servant, and made me sit down. They had just finished their breakfast, and the sight of the remains of it almost overpowered me. I could hardly keep my wits together in the presence of that food, but as I was not asked to sample it,I had to bear my trouble as best as I could.(5)Now, something had been happening there a little before, which I did not know anything about until a good many days afterwards, but I will tell you about it now. Those two old brothers had been having a pretty hot argument a couple of days before, and had ended by agreeing to decide it by a bet, which is the English way of settling everything.(6)You will remember that the Bank of England once issued two notes of a million pounds each, to be used for a special purpose connected with some public transaction with a foreign country. For some reason or other only one of these had been used and canceled; the other still lay in the vaults of the Bank. Well, the brothers, chatting along, happened to get to wonderingwhat might be the fate of a perfectly honest and intelligent stranger who should be turned adrift in London without a friend, and with no money but that million-pound bank-note, and no way to account for his being in possession of it. Brother A said he would starve to death; Brother B said he wouldn't. Brother A said he couldn't offer it at a bank or anywhere else, because he would be arrested on the spot. So they went on disputing till Brother B said he would bet twenty thousand pounds that the man would live thirty days, anyway, on that million, and keep out of jail, too. Brother A took him up. Brother B went down to the Bank and bought that note. Then he dictated a letter, which one of his clerks wrote out in a beautiful round hand, and then the two brothers sat at the window a whole day watching for the right man to give it to. (7)I finally became the pick of them.41. In Para. 1, the phrase "set my feet" probably means___________. A. put me aside B. start my journey C. prepare me D. let me walk42. It can be concluded from Para. 2 that___________.A. the man wanted to maintain dignity though starvedB. the man could not get a proper chance to eat the pearC. the man did not really want the pear since it was dirtyD. it was very difficult for the man to get the pear43. Compared with Brother A, Brother B was more ___________ towards the effect of the one-million-pound bank-note on a total stranger. A. neutral B. negative C. reserved D. positive PASSAGE TWO(1)The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world. Think about how we greet people. In some languages, the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace. In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or withanother gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons—that we come in peace. And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace. Let's look at a few of them.The dove(2)The dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures. In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life. In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized the end of war.(3)There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew arounda house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace. And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove. In Christian art, the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Ghost and was often painted above Christ's head.(4)But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949.The rainbow(5)The rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol, often representing the connection between human beings and their gods. In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris, the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus. In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth. In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over, and that God had forgiven his people. In the Chinese tradition, the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang. Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment,representing the possibility of a better world in the future and promising sunshine after the rain.Mistletoe(6)This plant was sacred in many cultures, generally representing peace and love. Most people know of the tradition of kissing under the mistletoe at Christmas time, which probably comes from Scandinavian mythology. The goddess Freya's son was killed by an arrow made of mistletoe, so, in honour of him, she declared that it would always be a symbol of peace. It was often hung in doorways as a sign of friendship.(7)The ancient Druids believed that hanging mistletoe in your doorway protected you from evil spirits. Tribes would stop fighting for a period of time if they found a tree with mistletoe. But you will never see mistletoe in a Christian church - it is banned because of its associations with pagan religion and superstition.The olive branch(8)The olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil. In Greek mythology, the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens, who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her. But no one knows for sure when or why it began to symbolize peace. There is probably a connection with ancient Greece. Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games, and the winners were given crowns of olive branches. The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit, so olives could only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace. Whatever the history, the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity. One well-known example is the United Nations symbol.The ankh(9)The ankh is an ancient symbol which was adopted by the hippie movement in the 1960s to represent peace and love. It was found in many Asian cultures, but is generally associated with ancient Egypt. It represented life and immortality. Egyptians were buried with an ankh, so that they could continue to live in the "afterworld". The symbol was also found along the sides of the Nile, which gave life to the people. They believed that the ankh could control the flow of the river and make sure that there was always enough water.44. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Concept of Peace.B. Origin of Peace Symbols.C. Popular Peace Symbols.D. Cultural Difference of Peace.45. The rainbow represents the connection between human beings and their gods in all the following countriesEXCEPT___________. A. Sweden B. Greece C. Finland D. China46. In North Europe mistletoe was often hung in doorways to indicate___________. A. friendship B. love C. kinship D. honour47. The origin of the ankh can date back to___________. A. the Nile B. the "afterworld" C. the hippie movement D. ancient Egypt PASSAGE THREE(1)Two sides almost never change: That you can manipulate people into self-sufficiency and that you can punish them into good citizenship.(2)The first manifests itself in our tireless search for the magical level at which welfare grants are big enough to meet basic needs but small enough to make low-paid work attractive. The second has us looking to the criminal justice system to cure behavior that is as much as anything the result of despair.(7)Not only can we never find the "perfect" punishment, oursearch for optimum penalties is complicated by our desire for fairness: to let the punishment fit the crime. The problem is that almost any punishment - even the disgrace of being charged with a crime - is sufficient to deter the middle class, while for members of the underclass, probation may be translated as "I beat it."(8)So how can you use the system - welfare or criminal justice - to produce the behavior we want? The answer, I suspect is: You can't.(9)We keep trying to use welfare and prison to change people - to make them think and behave the way we do - when the truth is the incentives work only for those who already think the way we do: who view today's action with an eye on the future.(10)We will take lowly work (if that is all that's available) because we believe we can make bad jobs work for us. We avoid crime not because we are better people but because we see getting caught as a future-wrecking disaster. We are guided by a belief that good things will happen for us in the future if we take proper care of the present. Even under the worst of circumstances, we believe we are in control of our lives.(11)And we have trouble understanding that not everybody believes as we believe. The welfare rolls, the prisons and the mean streets of our cities are full of people who have given up on their(3)The welfare example is well known. We don't want poor people to live in squalor or their children to be malnourished. But we also don't want to subsidize the indolence of people who are too lazy to work. The first impulse leads us to provide housing, food stamps, medical care and a cash stipend for families in need. The second gets us to think about "workforce".(4)We've been thinking about it for two reasons: the "nanny"problems of two high-ranking government officials (who hired undocumented foreigners as household helpers, presumably because they couldn't find Americans to do the work) and President Clinton's proposal to put a two-year limit on welfare.(5)Maybe something useful will come of Clinton's idea, but I'm not all that hopeful. It looks to me like one more example of trying to manipulate people into taking care of themselves.(6)On the criminal justice side, we hope to make punishment tough enough to discourage crime but not so tough as to clog our prisons with relatively minor offenders. Too short a sentence, we fear, will create contempt for the law. Too long a sentence will take up costly space better used for the violent and unremorseful.(7)Not only can we never find the "perfect" punishment, our search for optimum penalties is complicated by our desire for fairness: to let the punishment fit the crime. The problem is that almost any punishment - even the disgrace of being charged with a crime - is sufficient to deter the middle class, while for members of the underclass, probation may be translated as "I beat it."(8)So how can you use the system - welfare or criminal justice - to produce the behavior we want? The answer, I suspect is: You can't.(9)We keep trying to use welfare and prison to change people - to make them think and behave the way we do - when the truth is the incentives work only for those who already think the way we do: who view today's action with an eye on the future.(10)We will take lowly work (if that is all that's available) because we believe we can make bad jobs work for us. We avoid crime not because we are better people but because we see getting caught as a future-wrecking disaster. We are guided by a belief that good things will happen for us in the future if we takeproper care of the present. Even under the worst of circumstances, we believe we are in control of our lives.(11)And we have trouble understanding that not everybody believes as we believe. The welfare rolls, the prisons and the mean streets of our cities are full of people who have given up on their future. Without hope for the future, hard work at a low-paid job makes no sense. Working hard in school, or pleasing a boss, or avoiding pregnancy makes no sense. The deadly disease is hopelessness. The lawlessness and poverty are only the obvious symptoms.(12)I'm not advocating that we stop looking for incentives to move poor people toward self-sufficiency or that we stop punishing people for criminal behavior. There will always be some people who need help and some who deserve to be in jail.(13)All I'm saying is that the long-term answer both to welfare and the crime that plagues our communities is not to fine tune the welfare and criminal justice systems but to prevent our children from getting the disease of despair.(14)If we encourage our young people to believe in the future, and give them solid evidence for believing, we'll find both crime and poverty shrinking to manageable proportions.48. What is the author's attitude towards Clinton's proposal to welfare? A. Pessimistic. B. Optimistic. C. Suspicious. D. Sarcastic.49. It can be inferred from Para. 7 that optimum penalties are___________to the underclass. A. useless B. hopeless C. frightening D. humiliating50. Which of the following is the most appropriate title for the passage?A. Lawlessness and Poverty.B. Criminal Justice System.C. Welfare Grants.D. Disease of Despair.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO. PASSAGE ONE51. In Para. 4, what does the man mean by saying "I had to bear my trouble"?52. What can be inferred from the last sentence of the passage?PASSAGE TWO53. Why does the UN use the olive branch in its symbol?PASSAGE THREE54. According to the author, what balance should we keep in welfare?55. What does the author mean by saying "Even under the worst of circumstances, we believe we are in control of our lives" (Para. 10)?参考答案PART V READING COMPREHENSION41-50: BADBD ADCBD51.Keep wits together in the presence of that food.52.The author was given the million-pound bank-note.53.It symbolizes peace and unity.54.Meeting basic needs and making low-paid work.55.Good things will happen by taking care of the present.。
专四英语阅读题
专四英语阅读题专四英语阅读题下面是店铺给大家提供的.专业四级的英语阅读题及答案，欢迎大家参考练习!第一篇：What we know of prenatal development makes all this attempt made by a mother to mold the character of her unborn child by studying poetry, art, or mathematics during pregnancy seem utterly impossible. How could such extremely complex influences pass from the mother to the child? There is no connection between their nervous systems. Even the blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly. An emotional shock to the mother will affect her child, because it changes the activity of her glands and so the chemistry her blood. Any chemical change in the mother's blood will affect the child for better or worse. But we can not see how a looking for mathematics or poetic genius can be dissolved in blood and produce a similar liking or genius in the child.In our discussion of instincts we saw that there was reason to believe that whatever we inherit must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior. It is certain that no one inherits a knowledge of mathematics. It may be, however, that children inherit more or less of a rather general ability that we may call intelligence. If very intelligent children become deeply interested in mathematics, they will probably make a success of that study.As for musical ability, it may be that what is inherited is an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or the vocal organs connections between nerves and muscles that makeit comparatively easy to learn the movements a musician must execute, and particularly vigorous emotions. If these factors are all organized around music, the child may become a musician. The same factors, in other circumstance might be organized about some other center of interest. The rich emotional equipment might find expression in poetry. The capable fingers might develop skill in surgery. It is not the knowledge of music that is inherited, then nor even the love of it, but a certain bodily structure that makes it comparatively easy to acquire musical knowledge and skill. Whether that ability shall be directed toward music or some other undertaking may be decided entirely by forces in the environment in which a child grows up.1. Which of the following statements is not true?A. Some mothers try to influence their unborn children by studying art and other subjects during their pregnancy.B. It is utterly impossible for us to learn anything about prenatal development.C. The blood vessels of mother and child do not join directly.D. There are no connection between mother's nervous systems and her unborn child's.2. A mother will affect her unborn baby on the condition that ____.A. she is emotionally shockedB. she has a good knowledge of inheritanceC. she takes part in all kind of activitiesD. she sticks to studying3. According to the passage, a child may inherit____.A. everything from his motherB. a knowledge of mathematicsC. a rather general ability that we call intelligenceD. her mother's musical ability4. If a child inherits something from his mother, such as an especially sensitive ear, a peculiar structure of the hands or of the vocal organs, he will ____.A. surely become musicianB. mostly become a poetC. possibly become a teacherD. become a musician on the condition that all these factors are organized around music5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Role of Inheritance.B. An Unborn Child.C. Function of instincts.D. Inherited T alents第二篇：The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become "better" people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don't go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don't fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other's experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are expecting too much.But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn't explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can't absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn't make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—may it is just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.1.According to the author, ___.A.people used to question the value of college education.B.people used to have full confidence in higher education.C.all high school graduates went to college.D.very few high school graduates chose to go to college.2.In the 2nd paragraph, "those who don't fit the pattern" refer to___.A.high school graduates who aren't suitable for collegeeducation.B.college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxis.C.college students who aren't any better for their higher education.D.high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college.3.The dropout rate of college students seems to go up because___.A.young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at college.B.many people are required to join the army.C.young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher education.D.young people don't like the intense competition for admission to graduate school.4.According to the passage, the problems of college education partly originate in the fact that___.A.society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained graduates.B.High school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education.C.Too many students have to earn their own living.D.College administrators encourage students to drop out.5.In this passage the author argues that___.A.more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high school graduates.B.College education is not enough if one wants to be successful.C.College education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning people.D.Intelligent people may learn quicker if they don't go tocollege.>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<第一篇：BACDA第二篇：BCCAA。
2023年专四阅读详解
星期4 ThursdayBusiness is the salf of life.事业是人生的第一需要。
Text ADespite all the progress toward wo men’s equality, women who work full time are still earning only 75 cents on average to every dollar earned by men.Driving home that point, the National Committee on Pay Equity has chosen April 16 this year, to remind Americans that all women would need to work at least an extra two days in a workweek to earn almost as much as all men do in one normal workweek.Why does such a wage gap still persist?Economists differ in their explanations. And yet this income disparity is seen as a key indicator of how women are treated — in both the workplace and at home.Fortunately, the women’s movement and civil rights enforcement have ended most gender discrimination in setting wages. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtle discrimination in promotions —the “glass ceiling” (指职业女性在职务提高时碰到的无形阻力)that accounts for so few women being in top management.Many economists, however, say many women have lower-paying jobs because of choices made in their home life, such as taking time out to raise children. Or women take part-time, low-wage jobs for the flexibility. When they do reenter the workforce full time, they’re often behind their working peers in pay and promotions.But as more women feel empowered to make career choices, their pay rises.Another explanation is that women d on’t r eally make the choice to drop off the career ladder or to stay at a lower job rung. They may, for example, accept the expectations of others to take traditional jobs for women, such as nursing, which have low market wages. They must often take jobs that don’t account for the unpredictability of families. Working moms may find their income can’t pay for day care, or day care doesn’t su it their child. If they are married, they may realize their husbands are not inclined to child rearing (or house chores), so they either quit work or go part time.So as their life choices seem to become a life burden, wo men’s income slips behi nd men’s. No matter what the explanation, much progress has been made in reducing the pay gap. While government still has a major role, employers can do more. Many have found a market advantage in supporting working mothers or putting women in management. And in the home, men and women are getting smarter in defining their marital relationships, often before tying the knot.Just as women now outnumber men in college, perhaps someday their average pay will surpass men’s —and that may make up for lost wages.1. April 16 has been chosen[A] to show the organi zation’s attitude towards equal pay.[B] to define the day as pay day for women who are not equally paid.[C] to make it clear that women working full time are earning less than men.[D] to remind women to work longer hours to earn as much as men.2. How can women raise their salary?[A] By going out for work instead of staying at home.[B] By asking their employer to raise their salary.[C] By sending their child to the kindergarten.[D] By having the ability to choose their jobs.3. Which of the following is NOT a traditional job for women?[A] Nurse. [B] Teacher.[C] Economist. [D] Typist.4. Which of the following statement is NOT true?[A] Wage gap servers as a key indicator of how women are treated.[B] Many women have lower-paying jobs because of house chores.[C] Some working mothers earn less than their children’s day care.[D] Many employers have already done enough to support working mothers.5. Who are expected to contribute more to narrowing the pay gap?[A] Women themselves.[B] Employers.[C] The government.[D] Men.Text BIf sustainable competitive advantage depends upon work force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in the United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired —rented at the lowest possible cost — much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer (CFO) is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of human-resource management is central — usually the second most important execut ive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts they spend in training their workforces, in fact, they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary for the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is a slower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the bottom half of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively start the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.6. In an American firm, the executive of human-resource management[A] has a position directly under the chief financial executive.[B] is one of the most important executives of the firm.[C] has no say in making important decisions of the firm.[D] is unimportant when new technologies have been introduced.7. The money most American firms put in work force training mainly goes on[A] technological and managerial staff.[B] workers who will run new equipment.[C] workers who lack basic background skills.[D] top executives.8. Technological change in American firms is slower because[A] new equipment in America is more expensive.[B] they don’t pay enough attention to the job training of their workers.[C] they are less responsive to technological changes.[D] their professional staff are less paid and so less creative.9. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American companies?[A] They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills.[B] They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own business.[C] They attach more importance to workers than equipment.[D] They only hire skilled workers because of keen competition.10. According to the passage, the decisi ve factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantage is[A] the introduction of new technologies.[B] the improvement of worker’s basic skills.[C] the rational composition of professional and managerial employees.[D] the attachment of importance to the bottom half of the employees.Text CDespite the fact that comets are probably the most numerous astronomical bodies in the solar system aside from small meteor(流星) fragments and the asteroids (小行星), they are largely a mystery. Scientists don’t know exactly what comets are or where they come from. Educated guesses are the best we have in hand.Considering the role of comets in lore, legend, and the memory of man, it is remarkable that we still know so little, relatively, about them. The most famous comet of all, Halley’s Comet (named for the man who predicted its return), was first sighted by the Chinese in 240 B.C., and it has returned to terrify the people of the world on a regular basis ever since then (last scheduled return: 1986). The ancients considered it an object of ill omen. By mysterious coincidence, the arrival of Halley’s Comet coincided with such events as the battle of Hastings in 1066, the Jewishrevolt of 66 A.D., and the last battle of Attila the Hun against the Romans. Nor is it the only comet to fill man with awe, but merely the most famous in a rich aristocracy of blood-freezers.Comets are even more fascinating to amateur astronomers than to professionals, because this is one area where amateurs can (and do) make major discoveries. Comet Ikeya Seki, one of the brightest comets to appear in last century was discovered in 1965 by a pair of Japanese amateurs, Ikeya and Seki. The person who discovers a new comet gets his (or her) name put on it. And amateurs have a head start in the race to discover new comets; the shorter focal lengths on their smaller telescopes give them a positive advantage over the huge telescope such as Mount Wilson which is built to scan for galaxies, not comparatively of short distances.Most scientists tend to agree with the astronomer Fred T. Whipple that a comet is really a large mushy snowball of frozen ices and gases (ammonia, methane, possibly carbon dioxide) with a few bits of solid particles stuck inside. But no one is sure how comets are created in the first place.Scientists believe that comets don’t exhibit their characteristic tail while they lurk far out in space away from the warmth of the sun but, rather, wander in the form of frozen lumps, like icebergs. This is the core of the comet. Only when the comet approaches the heat of the sun, does the ice begin to melt and stream away in the form of visible gases. The tails of the comet stream out behind for, literall y, astronomical distances. Halley’s Comet had a tail of 94 million miles long when it visited here in 1910. The Great Comet of 1843 had a tail of 186 million miles long.11. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates that[A] comets are the most commonly seen astronomical bodies.[B] comets, meteor fragments and the asteroids are mysterious.[C] not much is known about comets.[D] nothing do we know about comets except guesses.12. Halley’s Comet is mentioned in paragraph 2[A] to introduce some famous historical events.[B] to explain some traditional beliefs about comets.[C] to demonstrate the harm it has done to man.[D] to show its significance to human history.13. We learn from the passage, amateur astronomers[A] began their discovery earlier than the professionals .[B] tend to be the leaders in the area of astronomy.[C] have some advantages in discovering new comets.[D] established some theories on how comets come into being.14. The core of a comet[A] has no solid form.[B] wander s like a frozen lump when it’s far out in space.[C] requires the warmth of the sun to survive.[D] is always followed by a long tail.15. Which of the following about comets is INCORRECT?[A] They are great in number.[B] Their arrivals used to frighten human beings.[C] They are named after their discoverers.[D] They are large mushy snowballs of frozen ices and gases.Text DAround the world, hearts were broken when news came that the conjoined Bijani twins had died on the operating table. Having lived in tortured unity for 29 years, they traveled form their native Iran to Singapore for the surgery meant to set them free. The doctors who performed it were distressed. When you lose a patient, particularly when the patient dies at your own hand, the heartbreak mixes with unbearable guilt. The doctors are asking themselves the same question everyone else is asking: Should they have done it?The doctors certainly knew the risk. They knew that with the women’s shared circulatory systems, the risk was great. They might have underestimated the technical challenges, but they did not deceive their patients. The sisters, highly educated and highly motivated, knew full well the risk of never waking up from the surgery.Indeed, they never did. Should the surgeons have attempted such a risky procedure on patients who were not dying, and, in fact, were not even sick?For all the regrets and second guesses, it is hard to see how the answer could have been anything but yes. The foundation of the medical vocation is that the doctor is servant to the patient’s will. Not always, of course. There are times when the doctor must say no. This was not such a time.Consider those cases in which outside values trump(占据上风) the patients-expressed desire. The first is life. Even if the patient asks you to, you may not kill him. In some advanced precincts(地区) —Holland and Oregon, for example —this is thought to be a quaint(奇怪的)idea, and the state permits physicians to perform “assisted suicide”. That is a terrible mistake, for the state and for the physician. And not only because it embarks us on a slippery slope where putting people to death in the name of some higher humanity becomes progressively.Even if there were no slippery slope, there is a deeply important principle at stake: doctors are healers, not killers. You cannot eliminate the subject you are supposedly serving — it is not just a philosophical absurdity, it constitutes the most fundamental violation of the Hippocratic oath. You are not permitted to do any harm to the patient, let alone the ultimate harm.There are other forms of self-immolation, less instantaneous and less spectacular, to which doctors may not contribute. Drug taking, for example. One could say, the patient wants it, and he knows the risks —why not give him what he wants? No. The doctor is there to help save a suffering soul from the ravages of a failing body. He is not there to ravage a healthy body in the service of a sick and self-destructive soul.The patient is sovereign and the physician’s duty is to be the servant, which is why thedoctors in Singapore were right trying to separate the twins. They were not seeking self-destruction; they were seeking liberation. And they were trying to undo a form of impairment imposed on them by nature. The extraordinary thing about their request was that it was so utterly ordinary. They were asking for nothing special, nothing superhuman, nothing radically enhancing of human nature. They were only seeking to satisfy the most simple and pedestrian of desires: to live as single human being.16. At the beginning of the passage, the author sounds towards the doctors.[A] indifferent. [B] pitiful. [C] accusing. [D] objective.17. Why does the author say “this was not such a time” in Para. 4?[A] Because the twin sisters are conjoined.[B] Because the twin sisters know the risks very well.[C] Because the operation is the twin sisters’ expressed desire.[D] Because the twin sisters are seeking liberation, not self-destruction.18. We can infer from Para. 6 that “Hippocratic oath” is[A] a philosophical conception.[B] an oath for all common citizens.[C] about the doctors’ responsibilities to the patients.[D] the doctors’ oath to serve the patients’ expressed desires.19. The author pointed out all the following facts EXCEPT that[A] the doctors do not have any responsibility for the failure of the twin sisters’ operation.[B] it is correct for the Singapore doctors to do the operation, although it failed in the end.[C] the twi n sisters’ desire is different from the desire of those who want drugs or suicide.[D] doctors should decide whether the patient is attempting self-destruction before serving his desire.20. Which would be the best title for the passage?[A] The Conjoined Sisters from Iran.[B] Should They Have Made the Attempt?[C] On Patients’Self-immolation.[D] Doctors and Patients.语境词汇Text A1. Driving home把…讲得透彻明白2. disparity n.不同，不等3. indicator n.指示者，指示器；指示牌4. enforcement n.实行，执行；强制，逼迫5. subtle a.微细的，微妙的；精致的；敏锐的6. reenter vt.重新加入，再加入7. empower vt.授权，准许8. rear vt.抚养，养育；饲养，栽培n.后部，背面9. tie the knot 结婚Text B1. sustainable a.连续的；能维持的；支撑得住的2. acquisition n.取得，获得；得到的东西3. hierarchy n.等级制度，阶层4. specific a.特定的；明确的n.特效药；详情5. extensive a.大规模的，广阔的；全面的，彻底的6. bottleneck n.瓶颈，障碍；窄路段，交通阻塞点Text C1. astronomical a.天文的2. aside from 除了…之外(尚有)3. educated a.根据知识或经验的；有教养的4. remarkable a.不平常的，值得注意到5. on a regular basis 定期地6. focal a.焦点的：focal length焦距Text D1. conjoin v.使联合，使连接：conjoined twins 连体双胞胎2. underestimate v.低估3. trump v.占据上风4. precinct n.区域；近郊5. quaint a.奇怪的；古怪的6. at stake 濒临危险7. absurdity n.荒唐，违反常理8. ravage n.蹂躏，饱受折磨9. pedestrian a.平常的；徒步的；缺少想象的n.行人难句突破Text A1. Now advocates are focused on ensuring that working women have female advisers and role models, while they try to remove subtle discrimination in promotions —the “glass ceiling” that accounts for so few women being in top management.【分析】复合句。
专四试题及答案2024
专四试题及答案2024一、听力理解（共20分）1. 短对话理解（共5分）- 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。
- 例：What is the man going to do?- A. Go to the library.- B. Go to the cinema.- C. Go to the concert.- 答案：A2. 长对话理解（共5分）- 根据所听对话，回答以下问题。
- 例：What is the main topic of the conversation?- 答案：The main topic is the upcoming holiday plans.3. 新闻听力（共5分）- 根据所听新闻，选择正确答案。
- 例：What is the news report mainly about?- A. A new policy.- B. A natural disaster.- C. A sports event.- 答案：B4. 听力填空（共5分）- 根据所听短文，填写空缺的单词或短语。
- 例：The project was completed on _______.- 答案：schedule二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 快速阅读（共10分）- 阅读文章，判断下列句子是否正确。
- 例：The article mainly discusses the benefits of exercise.- 答案：True2. 深度阅读（共20分）- 阅读文章，回答以下问题。
- 例：What is the author's opinion on the issue?- 答案：The author believes that the issue requires a balanced approach.三、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 词汇选择题（共10分）- 选择最合适的词填空。
- 例：The _______ of the new policy was met with mixed reactions.- A. introduction- B. conclusion- C. exclusion- 答案：A2. 语法填空（共10分）- 根据句子结构，填写正确的语法形式。
专四英语阅读练习含答案
专四英语阅读练习含答案（一）People have been painting pictures for at least30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted bypeople who hunted animals. They used to paintpictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill.Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls ofcaves in France and Spain. No one knows why theywere painted there. Perhaps the painters thoughtthat their pictures would help them to catch theseanimals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell st ories in pictures.About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use picturesas kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also torepresent the sounds of their language. Th.The Egyptians used to re signs these people used became a kindof alphabet ecord information and to tell stories by putting picture writingand pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life werepainted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of the stories. It has been said that Egypt is strip se pictures arelike modern comic.But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic p the home of the comic strip ower. So they did not try to make their way ofwriting simple. The ordinary pe it.understand ople could not By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea haddeveloped a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and therewere fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter,represented only one sound in their langua alp ge. The Greeks developed this system and formedthe letters of the Greek isnow used all habet. The Romans copied the idea, and theRoman alphabetover the world.These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But westill need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find themeverywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, und and on the walls of the places where welive and work. Pictures help us toand remember things more easily, and they canmake a story much erstand more interesting.?1. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spainbecause ?___ ___?.?．A. the hunters wanted to see the pictures?B. the painters were animal lovers?C. the painters wanted to show imagination?D. the pictures were thought to be helpful? was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the follo alphabet2. The Greek wing reasonsEXCEPT that ?______.A. the former was easy to write?B. there were fewer signs in the former?C. the former was easy to pronounce?D. each sign stood for only one sound?3. Which of the following statements is TRUE??.?A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet stories.?B. The Egyptians liked to write comic?strip was developed from the Egyptian one.?C. The Roman alphabet D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.?4. In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ?______?.??comprehensible A. should be madeB. should be made interesting?C. are of much use in our life?D. have disappeared from our life参考答案：1. D) 根据文章第一段第五行“Perhaps the paintersthoughtthat their pictures would help them to catchthese animals.”可知古代人以为在墙上画画会对他们有所帮助，故选项D为正确答案。
英语专四阅读难度
英语专四阅读难度
英语专业四级阅读测试的难度主要体现在以下几个方面：
1. 词汇和语法：专四阅读部分对于词汇和语法的考察比较严格，要求考生具备扎实的英语语言基础。
2. 文章长度和内容：通常包含3篇阅读文章，每篇长度在250\~300字之间，内容多涉及学术领域，如社会科学、人文科学等，对于理解能力和细节把握要求较高。
3. 阅读速度和细节把握能力：由于文章长度和内容的增加，六级阅读部分的阅读速度和细节把握能力的要求也相应提高。
4. 测试形式：通常为选择题，要求考生在理解文章的基础上进行推理和分析，以确定正确答案。
综合来看，英语专业四级阅读测试的难度相对较高，需要考生具备较高的阅读理解能力和细节把握能力。
同时，由于词汇和语法的考察较为严格，考生需要具备扎实的英语语言基础。
此外，专四阅读测试的难易程度符合教学大纲和考纲的要求，通常用于评估考生的阅读能力和词汇量，以及语法和写作水平。
因此，考生需要充分准备，以提高阅读速度和理解能力，同时加强词汇和语法的学习和练习。
2023年专四阅读理解题型分解要点
专四考前阅读冲刺要点练习以全真题为主注意控制时间严格按照阅读理解解题环节做完后总结得失、避免再犯同类错误总之: 适量练习、多体会、多总结阅读理解五步法第一步:预览全文了解大意(高度的概括能力:弄清文章的topic,thesis,structure)第二步:扫描题干拟定关键(拟定题干关键词有助于在阅读时忽略大量细节,提高阅读速度)第三步:通读全文定位出处(快速的定位能力:定位significant details)第四步:缩小范围仔细研读(准确的推断能力:记住每个答案必在文中找到根据)第五步:平均用力适当放弃(当机立断,迷惑性太大的题目凭第一直觉,不要踌躇不决,不要花太多时间)专四阅读理解题型分析及应对策略1. 主旨类(1)What is the main idea (subject) of this passage ?(2)What does this passage mainly (primarily)concerned ?(3)The main theme of this passage is ___________.(4)The main point of the passage is__________.(5)Which of the following is the best title for the passage ?(6)The title that best expresses the theme of the passage is ___________.(7)On which of the following subject would the passage most likely be found ina textbook ?(8)The purpose of the writer in writing this passage _________.(9)Which of the following best describes the passage as a whole ?应对策略: 跳读（skimming）文章的开头、结尾及段落的首句和尾句。
2024年英语专业四级阅读指南
2024年英语专业四级阅读指南
以下是备考2024年英语专业四级阅读指南：
1. 了解考试要求和题型：仔细阅读考试大纲，了解阅读部分的考试要求和题型。
专业四级阅读考试包括多项选择题和简答题，重点考察学生的阅读理解能力和词汇量。
2. 提高词汇量：专业四级阅读考试要求学生具备较大的词汇量，建议特别注意常用词汇和学科词汇的积累。
可以通过词汇书籍、软件或词汇课程等途径来提高词汇量。
3. 掌握阅读技巧：专业四级阅读考试要求学生掌握一定的阅读技巧，如预测答案、排除干扰选项、定位关键信息和概括文章大意等。
可以通过练习和模拟试题来培养这些技巧。
4. 扩大阅读量：建议多读英文文章，尤其是涉及学科知识的文章，以扩大阅读量和提高阅读理解能力。
可以选择英文报纸、杂志、小说或学术论文等作为阅读材料。
5. 做模拟试题：模拟试题是备考的重要资源，可以通过做模拟试题来检验自己的备考情况和提高答题技巧。
建议在备考期间至少完成近几年的模拟试题。
6. 参加培训课程：如果需要更专业的指导和培训，可以选择参加针对专业四级阅读的培训课程。
这些课程通常由经验丰富的教师授课，可以提供有针对性的指导和建议。
7. 保持积极心态：备考期间要保持积极心态，遇到困难和挫折时要及时调整心态，积极面对挑战。
同时也要注意保持良好的作息和饮食习惯，以保持身体健康和精力充沛。
以上是备考2024年英语专业四级阅读的指南，希望对你有所帮助。
祝你考试顺利！。
2023英语专四考试精选阅读试题及答案
2023英语专四考试精选阅读试题及答案2023英语专四考试精选阅读试题及答案Open up most fashion magazines and you will see incredibly thin models with impossible hair and wearing unreasonably expensive, impracticably styled clothes. But shouldn't clothes be fortably durable and make a principle of being simple for the individual who wears them? Why are we constantly told that we need to buy new clothes and add fresh pieces to our collection?Fashions change year after year so lots of people can make piles of money. If folks are convinced that they need a different look each season, that thisyear's sweater's length and shoes style are important, they can be persuaded to buy. The fashion industry would have you ignore your shortings and just make you feel beautiful and happy. In fact it is not only a phenomenon we can find in people's dressing.Fashion controls our lives. Fashion controls what we wear, what we eat, what we drink, the way we cut our hair, the makeup We buy and use, the color of the cars we drive. Fashion even controls our ideas.Where does fashion e from? Often the reasons are quite logical. Scientists and historians study the fashions of the past and discover the secrets of each fashion.When girls see an attractive guy, their blood pressure rises and their lips bee redder. That's why guys think that girls wearing lipstick are beautiful.Why do guys shave their heads? In the past soldiers shaved their heads to kill the insects that lived in their hair. Now guys shave their heads so that they look strong and masculine, like soldiers.And finally, fashion makes you feel good, doesn't it? When you are dressed in the latest style, dancing to the most fashionable music, after watching the latest hit film, you feel great, don't you?1. What's the author's viewpoint about the models and their hairstyles and clothes?A. Unbiased.B. Indifferent.C. Critical.D. Appreciative.2. It is indicated by the author that clothes should beA. fortable and durable.B. new and fresh.C. expensive and fashionable.D. simple and unique3. The fashion industry makes profits byA. selling the products at high prices.B. creating a need in you.C. helping you get rid of your shortings.D. making you look more beautiful.4. The author thinks what has been found about fashions by the scientists and the. historians isA. incredible.B. amazing.C. reasonable.D. creative.5. The passage mentions the advantages of fashion EXCEPT thatA. it can help promote technological development.B. it enables people to remain up-to-date.C. it can create more job opportunities for people.D. it can make people achieve a great feeling.【答案解析】1.[C]观点态度题。
专四有几篇阅读
专四有几篇阅读
标题：专四有几篇阅读？
正文:
专业四级考试 (PETS4) 的阅读部分通常包括 3 篇文章，每篇文章的长度在 150-250 字之间。
这 3 篇文章涵盖了不同的主题和类型，例如新闻报道、评论、议论文等。
第 1 篇文章通常是简单阅读，难
度较小，主要考察考生的词汇量和阅读理解能力。
第 2 篇文章通常
是中等难度的阅读，需要考生综合理解文章的核心内容，并进行推理和分析。
第 3 篇文章通常是复杂阅读，难度较高，需要考生深入理
解文章的隐含意义和作者的观点。
除了阅读文章的数量，专四阅读考试还有一些其他特点。
例如，考试通常会要求考生在规定时间内完成所有题目，这意味着考生需要具备良好的阅读速度和解题能力。
此外，专四阅读考试的题目类型也较为多样化，包括判断正误、选择、填空、完成句子等。
这些题目需要考生具备扎实的语言基础和较强的思维能力，才能在规定时间内完成。
拓展:
专业四级考试 (PETS4) 是中国教育部主管的一项英语考试，旨
在检验考生的英语听、说、读、写、译等综合语言运用能力。
该考试一年举办两次，通常在 6 月和 12 月。
除了 PETS4，中国教育部还
推出了其他英语考试，例如 PETS3、PETS5 等，这些考试也具有较高的权威性和影响力。
专四考试阅读
专四考试阅读专四考试是中国的一项重要英语考试，对考生的英语能力有着较高的要求。
阅读部分是专四考试的一个重要组成部分，考察考生的阅读理解和分析能力。
下面将从阅读的题型、答题技巧以及备考方法等方面进行详细介绍。
一、题型分析专四考试的阅读部分主要包括长篇阅读和短篇阅读两种题型。
长篇阅读一般是一篇较长的英语文章，考生需要仔细阅读并回答相关的问题。
短篇阅读则是几篇较短的文章，考生需要对每篇文章的主题、要点和细节等进行理解和把握。
二、答题技巧1. 预览题目在开始阅读文章之前，考生应该先预览题目，了解题目所涉及的内容和要求。
这样可以帮助考生在阅读过程中有一个清晰的目标，提高答题的效率。
2. 理解文章主题阅读的第一步是理解文章的主题。
考生需要读懂文章的标题和第一段，从中找出文章的主题，并通过阅读全文来加深对主题的理解。
掌握文章的主题有助于后续的问题回答。
3. 抓住关键词在阅读过程中，考生应该注意抓住关键词。
关键词通常是文章中的重要名词、动词或形容词等，它们往往是文章的核心信息。
抓住关键词有助于快速理解文章的要点和细节。
4. 掌握文章结构了解文章的结构对于答题来说很重要。
文章的结构通常包括引言、主体和结论等部分，每个部分都有其特定的功能。
考生应该通过阅读来掌握文章的结构，有助于理解文章的逻辑关系和答题的准确性。
5. 留意细节信息在阅读过程中，考生需要留意文章中的细节信息。
这些细节信息往往是答题的关键所在，它们可以帮助考生回答问题和做出正确的推断。
考生可以通过划线或做笔记的方式来帮助记忆和回顾细节信息。
三、备考方法1. 多读英文文章阅读是提高英语水平的有效方法之一，因此考生需要多读英文文章，提高自己的阅读能力。
可以选择一些英文报纸、杂志或者网上的英文文章来进行阅读训练，同时可以提高对于各类文章的理解和分析能力。
2. 增加阅读量和速度考生应该逐渐增加阅读的量和速度。
可以通过每天读一篇英文文章的方式来进行训练，逐渐增加阅读的难度和篇幅。
专四阅读题型及技巧讲解
专四阅读题型及技巧讲解一、引言专四阅读作为英语专业四级考试的重要组成部分，不仅考查考生的阅读能力，还涉及到词汇、语法和逻辑思维。
为了帮助大家更好地应对这一题型，本文将详细介绍专四阅读的题型及解题技巧。
二、专四阅读题型概述1.事实细节题：此类题目要求考生根据文章内容，找出与问题相关的具体信息。
解答此类题目时，要注意文章中的数字、人名、地名等细节信息。
2.推理判断题：此类题目要求考生根据文章内容和背景知识，推断出作者的观点或人物的态度、品质等。
解答此类题目时，要善于分析作者的写作意图和语气。
3.猜测词义题：此类题目要求考生根据上下文推测生词的意思。
解答此类题目时，要注意文章中的同义词、反义词和语境线索。
4.篇章结构题：此类题目要求考生分析文章的结构和逻辑关系。
解答此类题目时，要关注文章的开头、结尾和段落间的转折词。
三、阅读技巧讲解1.提高阅读速度：阅读速度是影响阅读效率的关键因素。
考生可以通过扩大视野、提高词汇量和阅读训练来提高阅读速度。
2.抓住文章主旨：在阅读过程中，要关注文章的主题和中心思想。
通过抓住主旨，有助于解答推理判断题和篇章结构题。
3.分析句子结构：在阅读过程中，要善于分析长难句的结构，提取关键信息。
这对于解答事实细节题和猜测词义题非常有帮助。
4.关注段落转折词：在阅读文章时，要留意段落间的转折词，如however、but等。
这些词汇往往标志着文章思路的转折，对于解答篇章结构题有很大帮助。
四、解题策略1.事实细节题解题技巧：此类题目要求考生准确找到文章中的具体信息。
解答时，可用划线法、排除法和对比法等方法。
2.推理判断题解题技巧：此类题目要求考生根据文章内容和背景知识进行推断。
解答时，要关注文章中的语气、观点和论证方式。
3.猜测词义题解题技巧：此类题目要求考生根据上下文推测生词意思。
解答时，可用词根词缀法、同义词推测法和语境分析法等。
4.篇章结构题解题技巧：此类题目要求考生分析文章的结构和逻辑关系。
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The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out—often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves—they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn’t explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can’t absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences. Perhaps college doesn’t make people inte lligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things—maybe it is just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much better. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.1. According to the author, ___.A. people used to question the value of college education.B. people used to have full confidence in higher education.C. all high school graduates went to college.D. very few high school graduates chose to go to college.2. In the 2nd paragraph, “those who don’t fit the pattern” refers to___.A. high school graduates who aren’t suitable for college educationB. college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxisC. college students who aren’t any better for their higher educationD. high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college3. The dropout rate of college students seems to go up because___.A. young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teaching at collegeB. many people are required to join the armyC. young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher educationD. young people don’t like the intense competition for admission to graduate school4. According to the passage, the problems of college education partly originate in the fact that___.A. society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained graduatesB. High school graduates do not fit the pattern of college educationC. Too many students have to earn their own livingD. College administrators encourage students to drop out5. In this passage the author argues that___.A. more and more evidence shows college education may not be the best thing for high school graduatesB. College education is not enough if one wants to be successfulC. College education benefits only the intelligent, ambitious, and quick-learning peopleD. Intelligent people may learn quicker if they don’t go to collegeConventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy and stagnation. Too much conflict leads to divisiveness and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.1. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is ______.A. wrongB. oversimplifiedC. misleadingD. unclear2. Professor Charles R. Schwenk's research shows____.A. the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB. the real value of conflictC. the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD. the complexity of defining the roles of conflict3. We can learn from Schwenk's research that________.A. a person1s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB. conflict is necessary for managers of for - profit organizationsC. different people resolve conflicts in different waysD. it is impossible for people to avoid conflict4. The passage suggests that in for - profit organizations_______.A. there is no end of conflictB. expression of different opinions is encouragedC. decisions must be justifiableD. success lies in general agreement5. People working in a not - for - profit organization________.A. seem to be difficult to satisfyB. are free to express diverse opinionsC. are less effective in making decisionsD. find it easier to reach agreementThis looks like the year that hard-pressed tenants in California will get relief—not just in the marketplace, where rents have eased, but from the state capital Sacramento.Two significant tenant reforms stand a good chance of passage. One bill, which will give more time to tenants being evicted, will soon be heading to the governor’s desk. The other, protecting security deposits, faces a vote in the Senate on Monday.For more than a century, landlords in California have been able to force tenants out with only 30 days’ notice. That will now double under SB 1403, which got through the Assembly recently. The new protection will apply only to renters who have been in an apartment for at least a year. Even 60 days in a tight housing market won’t be lo ng enough for some families to find at apartment near where their kids go to school, but it will be an improvement in cities like San Jose, where renters rights groups charge that unscrupulous landlords have kicked out tenants on short notice to put up rents.The California Landlords Association argued that landlords shouldn’t have to wait 60 days to get rid of problem tenants. But the bill gained support when a Japanese real estate investor sent out 30-day eviction notices to 550 families renting homes in Sacramento and Santa Rosa. The land lords lobby eventually dropped its opposition and instead its forces against AB 2330, regarding security deposits.Sponsored by Assemblywoman Carole Migden of San Francisco, the bill would establish a procedure and a timetable for tenants to get back security deposits. Some landlords view security deposits as a free month’s rent, theirs for the taking. In most case s, though, there are honest disputes over damages—what constitutes ordinary wear and tear. AB 2330 would give a tenant the right to request a walk-through with the landlord and to make the repairs before moving out; reputable landlords already do this. It would increase the penalty for failing to return a deposit.The original bill would have required the landlord to pay interest in the deposit. The landlords lobby protested that it would involve too much paperwork over too little money—less than $10 a year on a $1,000 deposit, at current rates. On Wednesday, the sponsor dropped the interest section to increase the chance of passage. Even in its amended form, AB 2330 is, like SB 1403, vitally important for tenants and should be made state law.1. We learn form the passage that SB1403 will benefit _______.A. long-term real estate investorsB. short-term tenants in SacramentoC. landlords in the State of CaliforniaD. tenants renting a house over a year2. A 60-day notice before eviction may not be early enough for renters because _______.A. moving house is something difficult to arrangeB. appropriate housing may not be readily availableC. more time is needed for their kids’ school registrationD. the furnishing of the new house often takes a long time3. Very often landlords don’t return tenants’ deposits on the pretext that ________.A. their rent has not been paid in timeB. there has been ordinary wear and tearC. tenants have done damage to the houseD. the 30-day notice for moving out is over4. Why did the sponsor of the AB 2330 bill finally give in on the interest section?A. To put an end to a lengthy argument.B. To urge landlords to lobby for its passage.C. To cut down the heavy paperwork for its easy passage.D. To make it easier for the State Assembly to pass the bill5. It can be learned from the passage that ________.A. both bills are likely to be made state lawsB. neither bill will pass through the AssemblyC. AB 2330 stands a better chance of passageD. Sacramento and San Jose support SB 1403Recent research has cl aimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturally before thunderstorm, earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some particularly sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected, particularly before earthquakes, snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers: small portable machines, which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.1. What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people?A. They think they are insane.B. They feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed.C. They become violently sick.D. They are too tired to do anything.2. In accordance with the passage, static electricity can be caused by___.A. using home-made electrical goods.B. wearing clothes made of natural materials.C. walking on artificial floor coverings.D. copying TV programs on a computer.3. A high negative ion count is likely to be found___.A. near a pound with a water pump.B. close to a slow-flowing river.C. high in some barren mountains.D. by a rotating water sprinkler.4. What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?A. Ionisers.B. Air-conditioners.C. Exhaust-fansD. Vacuum pumps.5. Some scientists believe that___.A. watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography.B. the unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted.C. neither watching nor using seismographs is reliable.D. earthquake。