初中英语名词讲解与练习

初中英语名词讲解与练习

(二）名词

I.

II. 名词的数：

1. 规则名词的复数形式：

名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：

2. 不规则名词复数：

英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：

III. 名词的所有格：

名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。

1. ’s

2. ’s

3. of所有格的用法：

用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book

用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students

用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed

注：不同国籍人的单复数

国籍总称（谓语用复数）单数复数

中国人the Chinese, a Chinese, two Chinese 瑞士人the Swiss, a Swiss, two Swiss

澳大利亚人the Australians, an Australian, two Australians 俄国人the Russians, a Russian, two Russians

意大利人the Italians, an Italian, two Italians 希腊人the Greek, a Greek, two Greeks

法国人the French, a Frenchman, two Frenchmen 日本人the Japanese, a Japanese, two Japanese

美国人the Americans, an American, two Americans 印度人the Indians, an Indian, two Indians

加拿大人the Canadians, a Canadian, two Canadians 德国人the Germans, a German, two Germans

英国人the English, an Englishman, two Englishmen 瑞典人the Swedish, a Swede, two Swedes

4.特殊的复数形式:

1）集体名词：集体名词不能运用具体的数字修饰，下面的集体名词，不能用a，one，two等修饰，只能在其前加the表示“全体……”。

the police警察(指全体警察) the English英国人(指全体英国人)

the French法国人(指全体法国人)

2）复合名词

a woman teacher—women teachers女教师an Englishman—Englishmen英国男子

a grown-up—grown-ups成人

a brother-in-law—brothers-in-law内兄、内弟、小叔、大伯

5.不可数名词

专有名词：NBA全美篮球协会Michael Jackson 迈克杰克逊the West Lake 西湖

物质名词：液体：milk water tea coffee juice oil(油)

肉类：beef chicken mutton pork

天气：weather rain snow wind light 光

其他：news(新闻，消息) bread(面包)

抽象名词：fun love luck duty kindness善良happiness幸福progress进步【注意】有些不可数的物质名词有复数形式，但表达不同意义。

tea—different kinds of teas 不同种类的茶

food 食品—all kinds of foods 各种各样的食品

fruit 水果—all kinds of fruits 各种各样的水果

glass 玻璃— a glass 一个玻璃杯—glasses 眼镜、玻璃杯

名词练习

1. The ____ of the room were covered with ____.

A. roofs, leafs

B. roofs, leaves

C. rooves, leafs

D. rooves, leaves

2. There are three ____ in our factory.

A. woman doctors

B. women doctors

C. woman doctor

D. women doctor

3. Which do you prefer ____ or ____?

A. potatos, tomatos

B. potatos, tomatoes

C. potatoes, tomatos

D. potatoes, tomatoes

4. They are ____ of different presses(出版社). Now they

are having a meeting in one of the ____ office.

A. editor-in-chiefs, editors-in-chief’s

B. editors-in-chief, editor-in-chief’s

C. editors-in-chiefs, editor’s-in-chief’s

D. editors-in-chief, editors-in-chief’s

5. The ant has two ____. A. stomaches B. stomacks C. stomach D. stomachs

6. He doesn’t like ____ for supper. A. chick B. chicken C. chickens D. chicks

7. It was ____ hot weather that many of us went swimming. A. so B. such C. so as D. such a

8. ____ wonderful space they saw on the room! A. How B. How a C. What D. What a

9. We know ____ travels not so fast as light. A. sound

B. sounds

C. the sounds

D. a sound

10. My family raise a lot of ____, including two ____.

A. cattle, cows

B. cows, cattle

C. cattles, cows

D. cow, cattles 11. A number of soldiers ____ at he camp gate（军营门口）.

A. have gathered

B. has gathered

C. is

D. was

12. The Browns have spent a large ____ of money on their new car.

A. deal

B. amount

C. number

D. size

13. ____ work has been done to improve the people’s living standard.

A. Many

B. A great many

C. A great deal of

D. A number of

14. Mr Li shook ____ warmly with a friend.