状语从句(含练习与答案)

第十二讲状语从句（含练习与答案）

担任状语的从句叫状语从句，可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。

一、时间状语从句：

引导词有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，as soon as，the moment/minute…（一…就），the time, the day, every time, next time, each time，by the time ，no sooner…than（一…就），hardly(scarcely)…when（一…就）immediately/directly等．

Each/Every time he comes here, he will drop in on me.

He was ill last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他病了．

Hardly had I got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.

=No sooner had I got to the office than my wife phoned me to go home at once.

I recognized him immediately I saw him.

※ when, while与 as

当主句动作时瞬时的，从句动作是延续的，三者都可以用。

when引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的，在“be…when…”句式中when表“at that time(就在这时)”意。

while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的；有时并不表示时间，而表示对比，意“而”、“却”，并列连词，表对照。

As 强调主、从句动作同时或几乎同时发生，意为“一边…一边…”。

When I got home I found the door locked.

While / When / as we were working in the fields, it suddenly began to rain.

He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him.

I was about to go out when the telephone rang.

I had just arrived at school when my wife phoned me to go home.

His pencil is red, while mine is yellow.

John sang happily as he went along.

※ till与until

一般情况下可以互换，但until可以位于句首，till则不能。

Until it stops raining，the children can’t go out.

＝Not until the rain stops can the children go out.

二、地点状语从句

引导词有where，wherever.

I’ll go wherever the people want me to go. (wherever＝to any place where)

He works where his grandfather fought. (where＝in the place where)

Where there is a will, there is a way. (Where＝In the place where)

三、原因状语从句

引导词有because, since, as, now(that) (既然)

回答以why提出的问题时，只能用because。

since＝now (that), 表“既然”意，表示已知的或明显的原因。

Now that/Since you are free today, you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk.

for 是一个并列连词，用来连接两个并列句，引导的句子是对前面一句话的内容的推测或补充说明。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

The day has broken, for the birds are singing. (这两句中的for不可替换)

四、目的状语

引导词有so that, in order that, that, in case（免得，以防）。目的状语从句的谓语常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情态动词。

He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus.

Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.

五、方式（或比较）状语从句

引导词有as, as if, as though, the way, than, as/so…as,the more…the more.

It looks as if it is going to rain.

My teacher treats us as if she were our mother.

Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.

Tom is not so/as tall as John.

He runs faster than I.

注：as…as可用于肯定句或否定句，so…as只能用于否定句。

六、结果状语从句

引导词有so…that,such…that, so that.（意思是“如此…以致…）

He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies.

It’s such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.（从句不是目的，没有can, may）There’s not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.

※修饰形容词、副词只能用so.

He walked so fast that I couldn’t keep up with him.

※修饰many, much, few, little (少) 时，习惯用so.

There were so many books in the shop that he didn’t know which to buy.

※修饰可数名词单数可用so或such

It is such an interesting book (= so interesting a book) that we all like it very much.

※修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时，用such.

The villagers were such kind people that they all came to help us.

七、条件状语从句

引导词有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case（万一，如果），从句的时态用一般现在时（含现在完成时），一般过去时（含过去完成时）分别代替一般将来时和过去将来时。

If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go there.