朗文英语听力教程2unit1what’sinaname听力原文
Listen this way听力教程第二册unit1原文
听力教程第二册unit3听力原文
听力教程第二册unit3听力原文Unit3Section One Tactics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonationand Accent1. A: Do you want some grapes?B: No, thanks, I don't like them.2. A: What do you think of Scotland?B: I’ve never been there.3. A: My son’s called David.B: How old is he?4. A: Can I book a table for tonight, please?B: Certainly. How many is it for? A: There’ll be three of them.5. A: Can you get some cornflakes?B: Do you want a large or small packet? A: A small one.Part2 Listening and Note-taking A Territory When we talk about a territory, we mean a defended space. Animals have their territories, which they mark out with their personal scent. The scent is their territorial signal. Human beings have other territorial signals. There are three kinds of human territory, marked by different territorial signals.First, there are the Tribal Territories, which in modem terms are known as countries. Countries have a number of territorial signals. The borders areoften guarded by soldiers and they usually have customs barriers, flags, and signs. Other signals of the tribal territory are uniforms and national anthems. These signals are important, because they warn the visitor that he is entering a foreign country and, while he is there, he must behave like a visitor.Second, there is the Family Territory, at the center of which is the bedroom. This is usually as far away as possible from the front door. Between the bedroom and the front door are the spaces where visitors are allowed to enter. People behave differently when they're in someone else's house. As soon as they come up the driveway or walk through the front door -- the first signals of family territory -- they are in an area which does not belong to them. They do not feel at home, because it is full of other people's belongings -- from the flowers in the garden to the chairs, tables, carpets, ornaments, and other things in the house. In the same way, when a family goes to the beach or to the park for a picnic, they mark out a small territory with towels, baskets, and other belongings; other families respect this, and try not to sit down right beside them. Finally, there is the Personal Territory. In public places, people automatically mark out an area of personal space. If a man enters a waiting room and sits at one end of a row of chairs, it is possible to predict where the next man will sit. It won't be next to him or at the other end ofthe room, but halfway between. In a crowded space like a train, we can't have much personal territory, so we stand looking straight in front of us with blank faces. We don't look at or talk to anyone around us.Exercise A:1. When we talk about a territory, we mean a defended space.2. These signals are important, because they warn the visitor that he is entering a foreign country.3. People behave differently when they're in someone else's house.4. In public places, people automatically mark out an area of personal space.5. It won't be next to him or at the other end of the room, but halfway between.A TerritoryI. Territory, a defended spaceA. Territory is marked by territorial signals.a. Animals mark out their territories with their personal scent, their territorial signals.│b. Human beings have three kinds of human territory, marked by different territorial signals. II. Three kinds of human territoryA. Tribal Territories or countries a. Countries have a number of territorial signals.1.The borders, guarded by soldiers, with customs barriers, flags, and signs2. Uniforms and national anthems.B. Family Territory a. Family Territory 1. The front door. 2. The driveway.b. When a family goes to the beach or to the park for a picnic, they mark out a small territory with towels, baskets, and other belongings C. Personal Territory a. In public places people automatically mark out an area of personal space. b. In a crowded space, we stand looking straight in front of us with blank faces.section two listening comprehension part 1 DialoguesDialogue I Credit Card ―I recently touring around America found there was a chap I was with ... He ... we were booked in by an American organizationinto a hotel, paid for by them, but they would not lethim go through the lobby to his room unless they had a credit card number to prove that he was a human being that was trustworthy, {right, right}. In other words we've got to the stage now with credit cards, however friendly you look, however wealthy you look, or however nice you look ... (That's right, it doesn't matter, they just want to see that number.) Excuse me, where is your credit card?―Because you know you can't rent a major automobile in the States, you know, you can't rent without, without using a credit card, you can't, you know like you were saying, go into a hotel ...―I think that what's underneath that is the society in which you're only good if you have numbers attached to you, (Mm.) that are computerized, (Yeah.) and can trace you, and everybody's insured against everybody else (Yeah.)and ... that side of credit I find rather upsetting.― It's kind of ugly, isn't it?― Like a lot of people ,it's a great facility, if you're disciplined with it. 1.D 2. D 3. CDialogue 2 Card Insurances― I'll tell you about one awful experience that happened to me, erm, I took out, erm ... one of these card insurances that cover all your cards (Mm.) should your cards be stolen and I had感谢您的阅读,祝您生活愉快。
英语听力教程第二册第三版unit1听力原文
英语听力教程第二册第三版unit1听力原文Unit1Part 1B1.Woman: This is my family. I'm married. My husband's name is Bill. We have two children — a boy and a girl. Our little girl is six years old, and our little boy is four. Jennie goes to kindergarten, and Aaron goes to nursery school. My father lives with us. Grandpa's great with the kids. He loves playing with them and taking them to the park or the zoo.2.Man: This is a picture of me and my three sons. We're at a soccer game. Orlando is twelve, Louis is ten, and Carlos is nine. All three of them really like sports. Orlando and Louis play baseball. Carlos is into skating.3.Man: This is my wife June, and these are my three children. Terri on the right is the oldest. She's in high school. She's very involved in music. She's in the orchestra. Rachel — she's the one in the middle — is twelve now. And this is my son Peter. He's one year older than Rachel. Rachel and Peter are both in junior high school. Time really flies. June and I have been married for twenty years now.4.Woman: This is a picture of me with my three kids. The girls, Jilland Anne, are both in high school. This is Jill on the right. She'll graduate next year. Anne is two years younger. My son Dan is in college. It seems like the kids are never home. I see them for dinner and sometimes on Saturday mornings, but that's about it.They're really busy and have a lot of friends.CWoman: Well, my brother was six years younger than I, and er, I think that when he was little I was quite jealous of him. I remember he had beautiful red curls (mm) ... my mother used to coo over him. One day a friend and I played, erm, barber shop, and, erm, my mother must have been away, she must have been in the kitchen or something (mm) and we got these scissors and sat my brother down and kept him quiet and (strapped him down) ... That's right, and cut off all his curls, you see. And my mother just was so ups et, and in fact it's the first ... I think it’s one of the few times I've ever seen my father really angry.Man: What happened to you?Woman: Oh ... I was sent to my room for a whole week you know, it was terrible.Man But was that the sort of pattern, weren't you close to yourbrother at all?Woman: Well as I grew older I think that er I just ignored him ...Man: What about ... you've got an older brother too, did ... were they close, the two brothers?Woman: No, no my brother's just a couple of years older than I ... so the two of us were closer and we thought we were both very grown up and he was just a ... a kid ... so we deliberately, I think, kind of ignored him. And then I left, I left home when he was only still a schoolboy, he was only fifteen (mm) and I went to live in England and he eventually went to live in Brazil and I really did lose contact with him for a long time.Man: What was he doing down there?Woman: Well, he was a travel agent, so he went down there to work ... And, erm, I didn't, I can't even remember, erm sending a card, even, when he got married. But I re ... I do remember that later on my mother was showing me pictures of his wedding, 'cause my mother and father went down there (uh huh) to the wedding, and er, there was this guy on the photos with a beard and glasses, and I said,"Oh, who's this then?" 'cause I thought it was the bride's brother or something like this (mm) ... and my mother said frostily, "That ... is your brother!" (laughter) Questions for memory test:1. According to the passage, how many brothers does the lady have?2. When the sister saw her mother coo over her younger brother, how did she feel?3. What's her father's reaction when he got to know that the sister had cut off her younger brother's hair?4. How old was her younger brother when she left home?5. Where did her brother eventually live?6. Who was the guy on the photos with a beard and glasses?PART 2A and BRadio presenter: Good afternoon. And welcome to our midweek Phone-In. In today's program we' re going to concentrate on personal problems. And here with me in the studio I've got T essa Colbeck, who writes the...in Flash magazine, and Doctor Maurice Rex, Student Medical Adviser at the University of Norfolk.The number to ring with your problem is oh one, if you are outside London, two two two, two one two two. And we have our first caller on the line, and it’s Rosemary, I think, er calling fromManchester. Hello,Rosemary.Rosemary: Hello.Radio presenter: How can we help you, Rosemary?Rosemary: Well it’s my dad. He won’t let me stay out after ten o'clock at night and all my friends can stay out much longer than that. I always have to go home first. It's really embarrassing...Tessa: Hello, Rosemary, love. Rosemary, how old are you, dear?Rosemary: I'm fifteen in two month's time.Tessa: And where do you go at night?--When you go out?Rosemary: Just to my friend's house, usually. But everyone else can stay there much later than me. I have to leave at about a quarter to ten.Tessa: And does this friend of yours-does she live near you?Rosemary: It takes about ten minutes to walk from her house to ours.Tessa: I see. You live in Brighton, wasn’t it? Well ,Brighton’s…Rosemary: No, Manchester…I live in Manchester.Tessa: oh. I’m sorry, love. I’m getting mi xed up. Yes, well Manchester's quite a rough city, isn't it ? I mean, your dad...Rosemary: No, not really. Not where we live, it isn’t. I don't live in the City Center or anything like that. And Christine's house is in a veryquiet part.Tessa: Christine. That's your friend, is it?Rosemary: Yeah. That's right. I mean, I know my dad gets worried but it’s perfectly safe.Maurice: Rosemary. Have you talked about this with your dad?Rosemary: No. He just shouts and then he says he won't let me go out at all if I can't come home on time.Maurice: Why don't you just try to sit down quietly with your dad-- sometime when he's relaxed--and just have a quiet chat about it? He’ll probably explain why he worries about you. It isn't always safe for young girls to go out at night.Tessa: Yes. And maybe you could persuade him to come and pick you up from Christine's house once or twice.Rosemary: Yes .I don't think he'll agree to that, but I'll talk to him about it . Thanks.Part 3Josephine: We did feel far more stability in our lives, because you see ... in these days I think there's always a concern that families will separate or something, but in those days nobody expected the families to separate.Gertrude: Of course there may have been smoking, drinking and drug-taking years ago, but it was all kept very quiet, nobody knew anything about it. But these days there really isn't the family life that we used to have. The children seem to do more as they like whether they know it's right or wrong. Oh, things are very different I think.Question: What was your parents' role in family life?Josephine:Well, my mother actually didn't do a tremendous amount in the house, but she did do a great deal of work outside and she was very interested, for example, in the Nursing Association collecting money for it. We had somebody who looked after us and then we also had someone who did the cleaning.Gertrude: Well, we lived in a flat, we only had three rooms and a bathroom. Father worked on the railway at Victoria Stationand my mother didn't work, obviously. My father's wage I think was about two pounds a week and I suppose our rent was about twelve shillings a week, you know as rent was - I'm going back a good many years. We didn't have an easy life, you know and I think that's why my mother went out so much with her friends. It was a relief for her, you know really.Question: Did you have a close relationship with your parents?Josephine: In a sense I would say not very close but we, at thattime, didn't feel that way, we didn't think about it very much I don't think.I think today people are much closer to their parents and talk about everything, which we didn't. Then, of course, we used to play a lot of games, because we didn't have a television or even a radio and we would play games in the evenings rather than have conversation, I think.Question: Was there more discipline in families in those days?Josephine:Oh yes, I do think so, yes. We were much more disciplined and we went about as a family and it wasn't until I was probably about 18 before I would actually go out with any friends of my own.Statements:1. Seventy years ago young people often smoked and drank in front of others.2. Apart from a great deal of work outside, Josephine's mother also looked after her children and did the cleaning in the house.3. Gertrude's father earned two pounds a week.4. Gertrude's family had to pay ten shillings a week for their flat.5. Young people seventy years ago deeply felt that they did not havea very close relationship with their parents.6. Nowadays people are much closer to their parents and talk about everything to them.Part 4Q:Parent Link is an organization that looks at the problems that parents and children face. Its director, Tim Kahn, told us about the changing roles of parents and children.T: The authoritarian model was one in which the child had no rights and I guess in the 60s and perhaps the 70s many people rejected that and we had the sort of the permissive era---the age where many parents felt they had to allow their children to do whatever they wanted to do and so in a sense the roles were reversed and it was the children who were the bosses and the parents who ran around behind them. The ideas that we offer to parents are kind of a third position in which we’re looking at equals, where parents and children are different but equal.Q: What about changes in the male-female roles?T: Society has changed a lot. As well as technology leading to great changes, people’s roles have changed very much, in particular the women’s move ment has very much questioned the role of women and led many women to demand a freer choice about who they are and how they can be. There’s a lot of frustration with how men haven’t changed, and it seems to me that the more the frustration is expressed the more stuck in and being the same men are and we need to find ways of appreciating men for the amount of work that they have to do in being bread-winners and providers for families and appreciating the efforts men are making to be more involvedwith their children.Q:Are there any changes you would like to see in the attitude to family life in Britain?T: In the past there were arranged marriages and I wonder if part of having an arranged marriage is knowing that you have to work at it to create the love and that now people are getting married out of love and there’s a kind of feeling that your love is there and it will stay there for ever and we don’t have to work at it and when it gets tricky we don’t know how to work at it and so we opt out. I think helping people learn to work at their relationships to make their relationship work would be a significant thing that I’d like to see happening.Part 5BLouisa: She doesn't let me watch that much TV after school, which is really annoying because most of my friends watch Home and Away and Neighbors but I only get to watch one of them. I sometimes don't — Imean I think that's really unfair so sometimes I just watch both anyway.Mother:First and foremost, Louisa watches a fair amount of television whether she thinks she's deprived or not, she must watch at least 45 minutes per day. And when I'm not around you know I know the child sneaks in a fair amount more than that. So she gets in a fair amount of television, certainly on the weekends. But I am of the opinion that television, very very very few programs will teach them anything. And I think when a child is under your care for 18 years it's the parents' responsibility to make sure that the input is of value, and I don't think television, much television is of any value at all, I think reading a book anddoing her piano lessons are far more valuable than watching crummy American soap operas.Questions for memory test:1. How many TV plays are mentioned?2. For how long a time does Louisa watch TV per day?3. Does Louisa try to get more time to watch TV?4. Which activities does Louisa's mother think are far more valuable?CMy parents gave me a lot of free time. After dinner, during the week when I was say even 15 years old they would let me go out until ten o'clock and they would never ask where I went. I would smoke cigarettes and drink beer, at 15 years old I would hang out in the ... in the local pubs and these were type of things that I don't think were too good for me at that time. I think my parents should have, you know, maybe at least showed an interest as to where I was going. They never even asked where I was going and they, they gave me a lot of free time, and I think that they, they felt that this was a thing that was being a good parent. But I think that teenagers are very naive, and I was as a teenager very naive, and I think I could have used a little more direction from them. These days a lot of parents think they should be lenient with their children, they should let them grow and experience on their own. And I think that's what my parents were doing, I think there's a Biblical saying "Spare the rod, spoil the child" and I think that really applies. And I think you need to direct especially young people. They can be thrown into such a harsh world, especially if you live in a city. I lived in a very small village and it was still a rough crowd that I found in that village. And my parents never asked questions, and if they only knewthey would be shocked.。
新编英语听力教程2听力原文
新编英语听力教程2听力原文From the perspective of English language learners, the listening material in the 新编英语听力教程2 may present a significant obstacle in their language acquisition journey. The fast-paced nature of the speech and the presence of unfamiliar accents can make it difficult for learners to understand and interpret the content accurately. This can lead to feelings of discouragement and a lack of motivation to continue practicing listening skills.Additionally, the use of complex vocabulary and grammatical structures in the listening material may pose a challenge for learners who are still in the process of building their language proficiency. This can result in a lack of confidence in their listening abilities and may deter them from engaging with the material effectively.From an instructional perspective, the difficulty level of the listening material in the 新编英语听力教程2 may not align with the proficiency level of the students. It isessential for educators to provide listening materials that are appropriate for the students' current skill level to ensure comprehension and engagement. If the listening material is too advanced, it can lead to frustration and a lack of progress in the students' language learning journey.Furthermore, it is crucial for educators to considerthe diverse linguistic backgrounds of their students when selecting listening materials. The presence of unfamiliar accents in the listening material may pose a challenge for students who are not accustomed to hearing a variety of English accents. This can create a barrier to comprehension and may hinder the students' ability to develop listening skills effectively.In conclusion, the problem of the 新编英语听力教程2听力原文 lies in the potential barriers it presents for English language learners in terms of comprehension, confidence, and motivation. It is essential for educatorsto carefully consider the difficulty level and linguistic diversity of the listening material to ensure that it supports the students' language learning journeyeffectively. By addressing these challenges, educators can create a more inclusive and supportive learning environment for English language learners.。
听力教程第二册unit2听力原文
Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accenta . It's on top of the bookcase.b. With milk, please.c. At five past one.d. At five past one.e. It's on top of the bookcase.f. With milk, please.Exercise:1.f2.c3.e4.b5.a6.dPart2 Listening and Note-takingRalph NaderRalph Nader is a man of few possessions. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment. He doesn't have a car or a TV set. He doesn't have many clothes and he doesn't care about money when he makes a lot of money, he gives it away. He doesn't smoke and he works from six in the morning until late at night, seven days a week: he is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.When he went to parties as a young man, people complained that all he talked about was the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths of so many people each year. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled "Unsafe at Any Speed," which was about a car called Corvair. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make car safer.After this success, Nader became interested in something very different. This was the quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages and hamburgers. Ayear later, in 1967, again because of Nader's work, a law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines -- these are the pipes that take gas across the country from one town to another. The second was to protect people from radiation --that is, the dangerous radiation which may leak from nuclear sources. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry -- that is, the chicken and turkey meat.Ralph Nader, now one of the most influential people in the United States, has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise A:1. Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions.2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat.5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise B:Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1Give Them Time to Get to Know YouFather: Well, whose fault do you think it is, then?Daughter: I don't know.Father: It couldn't be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven't any friends there?Father: No, that you haven't got any friends.Daughter: But I've told you! They're not very friendly there. They never talk to me!They just leave me alone.Father: But why?Daughter: How should I know?Father: Isn't it possible it's because you're not very friendly towards them? Daughter: What do you mean?Father: Have you talked to them? Have you tried to make conversation? Daughter: I've told you! They're not interested in talking to me.Father: How do you know?Daughter: Because ... for example ... at lunch time, they all sit together in v groups!Father: Yes, but why don't you sit with one of the groups?Daughter: Don't be silly. I couldn't. It would be awful!Father: why?Daughter: It just would. That's all.Father: How do you know?Daughter: I just do!Father: Well, you'll never make friends if you don't try, will you? I mean, you've got to meet them, too, at least half way.Daughter: It just wouldn't work!Father: You know what I think. I think you're just saying that because you're impatient.Daughter: Impatient? Me?Father: Yes, impatient. You always have been, ever since you were a child. If you don't get what you want immediately, you get depressed and you give up tooeasily!Daughter: Look, if you came with me some morning, you'd understand ...Father: You've only been there for four weeks. These things take time. Daughter: I know, but I still feel ...Father: Listen, give them time to get to know you ... and give yourself time get to know them, and things will change. Believe me!1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.TDialogue 2 GesturesNumber 1Woman: You know, a "nod" -- moving your head up and down -- means “yes” in most places, but not everywhere. Did you know that in Greece a nod means "no"?Man: It means "no" in Greece? I'm surprised.Number 2Man: I didn't know "raised eyebrows" means "yes" in Tonga. It means something very different in Peru.Woman: Yeah? What does it mean there?Man: Money. "Raised eyebrows" is a gesture for money in Peru.Woman: Hmm.Number 3Woman: Um, Alberto, you said that "tapping your head" means "I'm thinking" in Argentina.Man: That's right.Woman: You'd better be careful about using that gesture here in Canada. It means someone is crazy.Man: Oh, it means "crazy" in Canada? I didn't know that. I'll be careful.Number 4Man: You know, it's interesting that in the Netherlands, "tapping your elbow" means you can't depend on someone. In Colombia, they use the same gesture, but ithas a different meaning.Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn't like to spend money. Woman: Oh.Number 5Woman: Here's an interesting one. You know how "circling your head" means that a person's crazy?Man: Yeah.Woman: Guess what it means in the Netherlands.Man: The Netherlands? I have no idea.Woman: It means someone is calling on the telephone. You know, like dialing a phone. Man: That's interesting.Number 6Man: So "flicking your chin" means "go away" in Italy, rightWoman: Yes.Man: Guess what it means in Brazil.Woman: In Brazil? I don't know.Man: That's right.Woman: Huh?Man: In Brazil, "flicking your chin" means "I don't know."Woman: "I don't know" is the meaning?Man: Right.Number 7Woman: Well, everything is "thumbs up" for my trip to Nigeria. I've never been to Africa before. I'm really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you'd better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.Woman: Huh?Man: Thumbs up. In Nigeria, it means ... um ... well, it has a very bad meaning.Don't use that gesture. It will get you into a lot of trouble.Woman: Oh, thanks for telling me.Number 8Man: You said "tossing your head" means "come here" for Germans? Woman: That's right. But there are some other meanings. In India, it means "yes."But it has the opposite meaning in Italy. In Italy it means "no."Man: Hmm, "yes" in India, "no" in Italy. Isn't it interesting how the same thing can have such different meanings?Woman: It sure is.Part 2 passagesWhy Shouldn't you Go by First Impressions?One shouldn't always go by* first impressions. In my hometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierce and unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend. In the same way one should never assume* that somebody who looks inoffensive is always going to behave in an inoffensive manner.Recently my young brother, who works for a famous American airline, was reminded of this truth. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So my brother had the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn't travel on the flight in question*.Knowing that the young are generally impatient and often aggressive, my brother chose three elderly travelers, an English couple and a little old American lady.The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while waiting for the next flight. Then my brother approached the American lady, whose name was Mrs. Pepper, with a sad smile on his face, "Mrs. Pepper? May I have a few words? I'm afraid we have a problem.""A problem? What de you mean, we have a problem, young man?"“Would you like to come into the office” asked my brother, sensing that this was not going to be easy."Oh, very well, but only for a moment. I have a plane to catch, you know.""Er ... yes." My brother explained the position.The little lady looked at him with steely, blue eyes. "Young man," she said. "I don't believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs Katherine Pepper, widow of General Arnold Pepper, of the United States Army Air Force and I'd like to inform you, further, that the President of your airline was a personal friend of the General's. In the circumstances I'd advise you to sort this out* right away, otherwise you're going to be in a lot of trouble. Do I make myself clear?" Exercise A:Appearances are often deceptive. In this passage, the two examples tell us the reason why we shouldn't go by first impressions.Exercise B:I.C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. BExercise C:1. To those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend.2. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So he had thedifficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question.3. They had a very close relationship.4. Probably he would never trust his first impressions again.Part 3 NewsNews ltem 1The simultaneous* bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are imprinted* on the minds of many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks are unreliable, according to a study from Portsmouth University. 40% of British students questioned about the events remembered seeing CCTV footage* of the bus bomb - footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction.Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed."Memories are not like videotape you can rewind and replay for perfect recall," said lead researcher James Ost. "Because of this, they are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decisions."Exercise A:This news item is about the false memories that British people have about the attacks happened in London three years age.Exercise B:News Item 2China begins three days of mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan province, with a three-minute silence and half-mast flags.For three minutes a collective wail * was heard across the town of Beichuan as ° raid sirens* and car horns sounded the exact time when the earthquake hit China one week ago. Workers here laid wreaths* outsidethe town's school. At 2:28 in the afternoon, last Monday, it was engulfed* in a landslide*,hundreds of children died.To the side of the mourners, bodies lay waiting to be buried. Rescue work has resumed and two women were found alive here this morning, but these glimmers* of hope are increasingly rare. The aftershocks* continue.Exercise A:This news about the mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan, ChinaExercise B:1.The Chinese people mourned the earthquake victims with a three-minute silence andhalf-mast flags.2.At 2:28 p.m., last Monday.3.Hundreds of children were killed in a landslide.4.The hopes of finding more people alive were increasingly rare.5.No, aftershocks continued.News Item 3Indonesia is expected to announce stronger security measures Wednesday after a deadly bombing in Jakarta*. At least 13 people were killed when a car bomb exploded near a hotel. 149 people were injured. The hotel is operated by a United States company. The governor of Jakarta said it was very likely that the bomber was killed in the attack. Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri visited the damaged hotel. Buildings nearby also were damaged. The explosion comes 2 days before an Indonesian court decides the first case connected to the deadly bombings last year in Bali*. Those attacks killed 202 people.Exercise A:This news item is about the 2nd serious bombing that took place in Indonesia within 2 years.Exercise B:1. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. TSection three oral worksRetellingAs Susan and her daughter Jenny walked around the park they were hounded by beggars. The girl was shocked when she saw a skeletal young beggar woman wrapped in a gray shawl*. Her eyes were sunken* and she held out a bony hand like she was receiving communion, As she did, her shawl fell away revealing a young child standing under it.Jenny just started throwing her money into that bony hand. Susan grabbed her before she could start taking off her jewelry, and the mother decided to have a talk with her about the beggars when they got back to the hotel.They boarded the return bus. They were stopped at a red light when Jenny stood straight up and screamed, "Mother? Susan went to her window and she pointed to a taxi next to the bus. There, in air conditioned comfort, sat the beggar woman with her child next to her, eating an ice cream cone.。
Listenthisway听力教程第二册unit1原文
Listenthisway听力教程第二册unit1原文Unit 1 Under the Same Roof Part II A birthday present Tape script John: It's super, Mary. It's just what I wanted. Mary: Well, I know you said your old calculator was no good any more. John: Well, it wasn't that it was no good. It just wouldn't do all the things I need to do at work. And it certainly wouldn't remember telephone numbers for me like this one. Mary: I suppose you're going to start putting in numbers straightaway. John: I've put in one while we've been chatting. I've put in our solicitor 's number. You know how often I need to call him on company contracts. Mary: So what others are you going to put in? John: Well, number one. Accountant , I think. Mary: The company's accountant? John: Yes. Now just let me put in the number. That's it. Mary: And number two, the bank. John: OK. Bank. Now, that's 345674. Oh...And number 3, the doctor. Mary: Yes. His number's er, let me think. 76763. And then the dentist, of course. John: What's that? Number 4, isn't it? Dentist. Mary: Yes, the number's 239023. I remember, because I rang yesterday about Robbie's appointment. John: That's fine. And now -- the garage . 757412. Mary: And then how about the station number? You're always hunting around for that in a panic. John: Yes, you're right. What is the number anyway? Mary: Oh, I can't remember. I'll just look it up in the telephone directory . John: All right. Now, number 7, the flower shop, I think. Yes, florist. And that's 989024. Oh, I mustn't forget the new London office number. So that's number 8, new London office. Mary: John, here's the station number. 546534. John: 546534. Thanks. Now that was number 6 on my list. Mary: How far have you got now? John: Well, I've added a couple more. The next one will be 9. Mary: What about Bill and Sue ? John: No, I can alwaysremember their number. But I always have to look up John and Jane's number. What is it? Mary: John and Jane ... John and Jane (I)know,21463. John: OK, 21463. John and Jane. And one more perhaps? Mary: The hairdresser? John: Why do I need the hairdresser's number? No, I thought this was my pocket calculator. Oh, I tell you one number we do need quite often -- the sports club ! Mary: the sport club! John: Great minds think alike! OK, number 10. Sports club. And that's –Mary: 675645. Mary: 675645. Well that's enough for the moment. I think. Now, as it's my birthday, what about taking me out for a meal ? Mary: I don't think I can remember the telephone number of our favorite restaurant. Part III. Family life then and now Tape script:Josephine: We did feel far more stability in our lives, because you see…in these days I think there's always a concern that families will separate or something, but in those days nobody expected the families to separate . Gertrude: Of course there may have been smoking, drinking and drug-taking years ago, but it was all kept very quiet, nobody knew anything about it. But these days there really isn't the family life that we used to have. The children seem todo more as they like whether they know it's right or wrong. Oh, things are very different I think. Question: What was your parents' role in family life? Josephine: Well, my mother actually didn't do a tremendous amount in the house , but she did do a great deal of work outside and she was very interested, for example, in the Nursing Association collecting money for it. We had somebody who looked after us and then we also had someone who did the cleaning. Gertrude: Well, we lived in a flat, we only had three rooms and a bathroom. Father worked on the railway at Victoria Station and my mother didn't work obviously.My father's wage I think was about two pound a week and I suppose our rent was about twelve shillings a week, you know aw rent was – I'm going back a good many years. We didn't have an easy life , you know, and I think that's why my mother went out so much with her friends. It was a relief for her, you know really. Question: Did you have a close relationship with your parents? Josephine: In a sense I would say not very close but we, at that time, didn't feel that way, we didn't think about it very much I don't think . I think today people are much closer to their parents and talk about everything, which we didn't. Then, of course, we used to play a lot of games, because we didn't have a television or even a radio and we would play games in the evenings rather than have conversation, I think. Question: Was there more discipline in families in those days? Josephine: Oh yeas, I do think so, yes. We were much more disciplined and we went about as a family and it wasn't until I was probably about 18 before I would actually go out with any friends of my own. Statements: • 70years ago young people often smoked and drank in front of others. • Apart from a great deal of work outside, Josephine's mother also looked after her children and did the cleaning in the house. • Gertrude's father earned two pounds a week. • Gertrude's family had to pay ten shillings a week for their flat. • Young people seventy years ago deeply felt that they did not have a very close relationship with their pare nts. • Nowadays people are much closer to their parents and talk about everything to them. Part V. Memory test: Brother and Sisters 1. b 2. d 3. a 4.c 5. b 6. b Tape script:Woman: Well, my brother was six years younger than I, and er, I think that when he was little I was quite jealous of him. I remember he had beautiful red curls (mm)…my mother used to coo over him. One day a friend and I played, erm,barber shop, and erm, my mother must have been away, she must have been in the kitchen or something (mm) and we got these scissors and sat my brother down and kept him quiet and (strapped him down)… That's right, and cut off all his curls, you see. And my mother was so upset, and in fact it's the first…I think it's one of the few times I've ever seen my father really angry. Man: What happened to you? Woman: Oh…I was sen t to my room fro a whole week you know, it was terrible. Man: But was that the sort of pattern, weren't you close to your brother at all? Woman: Well as I grew older I think that er I just ignored him… Man: What about … you've got an older brother too, did … were they close, the two brothers? Woman: No, no my brother's just a couple of years older than I … so the two of us were closer and we thought we were bother very grown up and he was just a … a kid… so we deliberately, I think, kind of ignored him. And then I left, I left home when he was only still a schoolboy, he was only fifteen (mm) and I went to live in England and he eventually went to live in Brazil and I really did lose contact with him for a long time. Man: What was he doing down there? Woman: Well, he was a travel agent, so he went down there to work … And, erm, I didn't, I can't even remember, erm sending a card, even, when he got married. But I re…I do remember that later on my mo ther was showing me pictures of his wedding, ‘cause my mother and father went down there to the wedding, and er, there was this guy on the photos with a beard and glasses, and I said, “Oh, who's this then?” ‘cause I thought it was the bride's brother or so mething like them (mm) … and my mother said frostily, “That … is your brother!” (laughter) Questions for memory test: • According to the passage, how many brothers does the lady have? • When the sister saw her mother coo over her youngbrother how did she feel? • What's her father's reaction when he got to know that the sister had cut off her younger brother's hair? • How old was her younger brother when she left home? • Where did her brother eventually live? • Who was the buy on the photos with a beard and glasses? [NoPage]。
英语听力教程(第2册)Unit 2 听力原文
Unit 2 听力原文PartⅠBH—House agent W—Woman M—ManH: …right, if you’d just come this way.W: Thank you.M: Yes.H: Er…on the right here we have the…er…the bathroom, which as you can see is fully…fully fitted. If we just move forward now, we…er…come into the er…main … main bed-sitting room here. And…er…on the left here are dining room table and chairs.W: Oh yes.M: Yes.H: And er…straight ahead of us…um…foldaway double bed and mattress, which I think you’ll agree is quite a novel idea.M: Oh yes.H: And then…um…to…W: Behind the armchair.H: Yes, behind the armchair. To our right, um…in the corner there, a fitted wardrobe. And another one on my left here.W: On either side of the bed?H: Yes, that’s right. That’s right, so you can put all you…er…night attire or what … whatever jyou like in here.M: Yes, that’s good.H: (facing the door) Then, there…the…we have the sofa here…er…in front of the…um…the window.M: Oh, yes.H: Er…so there’s plenty of light coming through into the room and as you can see there’s a nice view through the windows there.W: No curtains, though.H: No curtains, but we’ve got roller blinds.W: Oh.H: Yes, they’re nice and straight forward. No problems about that—don’t have to wash them of course. And…um…on the left of the…er…sofa there, you can see nice coffee tables.H: If…if we move straight a … straight ahead, actually, into the …er… the kitchen you can see that um…on my left here we’ve got a washing machine, tumble dryer and …um…electric cooker…W: Oh yes.M: Mmm.H: All as you can see to the most modern designs. And there um…on the other side of the kitchen…um…refrigerator there in the…in the corner.M: Oh yeah, yes.W: Oh, what a nice little cubbyhole! Yes, very neat.H: Yes. Well…um… I don’t know whether you’ve got any questions. That’s it of course.W: Well, could…could we perhaps see the bathroom, because we…we didn’t see that?H: OK, yes, yes, Let’s…um…let’s go on out of here and…um…end up in the bathroom…CD—Dave R—RandallD: Hi Randall. (Hi.) Come on in.R: Uh, yeah, I stopped by to see if you were still looking for a roommate to share your house.D: Yep. I sure am. Ever since I cut back on my working hours to go to school, I’ve been really strapped for cash.R: Oh.D: Hey, let me show you the place. Uh, here’s the living room.R: Oh. It looks like you could use a new carpet…and those stains?D: Well, I’ve had a few problems with some former roommates. I know it needs to be cleaned, but I just don’t have the money to do it right now.R: Oh. And what about the kitchen?D: Right this way. Look. It’s completely furnished with all the latest appliances, except…R: What?D: Well, the refrigerator door is broken…a little bit…and it won’t shut all the way. It needs fixing, but don’t worry. I’ve just impoversihed by pushing a box against it to keep it shut.R: Hmm. Great.D: Ah. It isn’t that bad.R: Well how about the bathroom?D: Well…R: No, no. Don’t tell me. The toilet is clogged or the sink has a few leaks.D: No, those work fine, but, uh, the tile in the shower needs to be replaces, and the window needs fixing.R: Let me see. The tile…what? The window? Where’s the window pane?D: Well, that’s another slight problem. I’ve put up a piece of cardboard to keep out the (Hmmm) rain and snow, and if it gets a little cold, you can always turn up the heat. Well, you used to until the central heating went out. (Oh, boy.)R: Hey, I think I’ve seen enough. I can’t believe you’ve survived under these conditions.D: So what do you think? You really can’t beat a place like this for $450 a month. So it has its problems, but we can fix those.R: Uh, no thank you. I think I’ve seen enough.Part Ⅱ1. My dream house would be a canal boat. I’d like to wake up every morning and see the water. Erm, I’d paint it bright red, and it would have a little roof-garden for all my pot-plants.2. My ideal house would be modern, ermm, it would be made of bricks, and it would have white pillars outside the front door, and it would be detached…on yes, it would have a garage.3. My ideal home would be to live in a cottage in a small village by the sea. Er, somewhere like Cornwall, so it’s unspoilt and there are cliffs and trees around.4. I think if I could have any sort of house, I’d like one of those white-walled villas in Spain. (It’d) Be marvelous to be able to just fall out of bed and into the sea first thing in the morning. (It’d) Be absolutely great. All that heat. Marvelous.5. I’ve always wanted to live in a really big house in the country, a big family house with, er…at least two hundred years old, I think, with a big garden, and best of all I’d like to have a dry-stonewall around the garden. I’ve always lived dry-stone walls.6. D’you know, I may sound daft but what I’ve always wanted to do is live somewhere totally isolated, preferably somewhere enormous like a castle or something, you know, right out in…by the sea or even sort of in a little island, on an island, you know, out at sea, where you have to get there by a boat or something, where it’s cut off at high tide. I think it’d be really great. Questions1. According to the first speaker, in what color would her dream house be painted?2. Where would she put all her pot-plants?3. In the second speaker’s opinion, what would there be outside the front door of his ideal house?4. What would there be around the third speaker’s ideal home?5. When the fourth speaker got up in the morning, what would he do first?6. What is Spain famous for?7. According to the fifth speaker, what would she like to have around the garden of her dream house?8. How should one get to the last speaker’s ideal house?Part ⅢW—Wendy Stott H—House ownerW: Oh hello. (Hello.) My name’s Wendy Scott. Did the estate agent ring you and tell you I was coming?H: Oh yes, yes I was expecting you. Do come in. (Thank you.) Have you had the particulars and everything? Did the estate agent give you, you know, all the details?W: Oh yes. Yes I have, and I was rather interested; that was why I came round this afternoon. You seem to have decorated quite recently…H: Yes, oh, yes, it was decorated last year. Now this is the … this is the kitchen.W: Yes…er… What kitchen equipment are you leaving behind or are you going to take it all?H: Well, you know it rather depends on what I end up buying. I’ve got something in mind at the moment but as you know these things can take ages (Yes.) but the place I’m going to has no gas so I’ll probably be leaving this stove, this oven here.W: Is it…is it quite new? Have you had it long?H: Oh, no, not long. It’s about five or six years old. (I see.) I’ve found it very reliable but I shall be taking that fridge but you can see everything else. It’s a fully fitted kitchen.W: Yes, what about the dishwasher…um…is that a dishwasher under the sink?H: No, no, that’s a washing machine, I shall be taking that, yes, I will but there is plumbing for a washing machine. (Right.)W: Is the gas cooker the only gas appliance you’ve got?H: No, no, there is a gas fire but I don’t use it very much; it’s in the main room, the lounge.W: Oh. Right. That seems fine.H: Well, then across here if you’d like to come in with me, this is the sitting room. (Oh. Yes.) Well you can see for yourself it is really.W: Oh I like the windows, right down to the floor, that’s really nice…H: Yes, yes, they are nice. It’s got a very pleasant view and there’s a balcony you can sit out on in the summer. (Yes, it’s a nice view.) Yes, it is nice. Now then across here this is the smallest bedroom; (Yes.) there are three rooms, this is the smallest and it’s no more really than a box room but of course you can get a bed in.W: You could make it into a study. It would be more useful I think.H: Yes, well I think somebody else has got this room as a study. Then this…this is the second bedroom. (Yes.) As you can see it’s got a fitted cupboard and those shelves there they are also fitted.W: Have you got an airing cupboard anywhere?H: Oh. Yes, there’s one in the bathroom. I’ll show you that in a moment. (Oh right.) Now this is the third bedroom, this is the largest bedroom. (Oh.) Of course it’s got the wash basin, double fitted cupboard, plenty of space really, there, (Very nice.) and of course this room does take the double bed. Now…um…this is the bathroom. There’s the airing cupboard. (Is that the airing cupboard?) Yes, that’s right. It’s nice and warm in there; it’s rather small but I mean it is adequate, you know, and of course there is…there is the shower.W: Is that, did you put that in yourself or was it in with the flat?H: Oh, no. No that was in when the flat was built.W: Is it quite reliable? (Oh yes.) because I’ve had problems with a shower recently? (Yes, no I’ve never had problems with that. No. It’s really good.) Is it gas heated at the water point?H: No, that is electric. (Ah.)Statements:1. Wendy Stott knows nothing about the flat before she comes to have a look at it.2. The flat was decorated five or six years ago.3. The house owner has used the oven and the stove for about five or six years.4. The windows in the largest bedroom are right down to the floor.5. There is a balcony in the sitting-room.Part ⅥInterviewer: how important are property prices in the economy?Roy: In the UK, most people invest most of their money in their house. So property prices are extremely important.Interviewer: Mmm. What’s you view on the UK property market? Do you think prices are too high?Roy: Well, in recent years, prices have gone up…ten to twenty percent a year, um…in some years even more. But inflation has been just two or three percent a year. So I think it’s clear that, um…the bloom has to end.Interviewer: Mmm. The last property market crash, in the UK, was in the late 1980s, and it put the UK economy into a recession. Do you think the same thing will happen again.Roy: I don’t think prices will crash. The…the economic situation was different in the late 80s…interest rates rose quite fast just before property prices fell. Today the Bank of England is much more careful with… with changes in interest rates. The other important difference, I think, is that then unemployment was quite high. Today, it’s very low—about five percent. So I don’t think prices will crash, but it is possible they’ll fall a little. Or stay at the same level for a few years.Interviewer: Banks have lent people a lot of money in recent years. People have got big mortgages. Do you think there’ll be a problem? Will people have less money to spend in the future?Roy: Oh, certainly. Because the loan haven’t just been mortgages — people have also borrowed money to spend in the shops. So far, that’s helped the economy, because spending has been high. But at the end of the day, people will have to pay the money back. So I think we’ll see lowerconsumer spending over the next few years.PartⅤApartment manager: well, hi, Mr. Brown. How’s your apartment working out for you?Tenant: Well Mr. Nelson. That’s what I would like to talk to you about. (What?) Well, I want to talk to you about that noise! (Oh) You see. Would you mind talking to the tenant in 4B and ask him to keep his music down, especially after 10:00 o’clock at night?Apartment Manager: Ohhh. Who me?Tenant: Why yes. The music is blaring almost every night, and it should be your job as manager to take care of these things.Apartment Manager: Hey, I just collect the rent. Besides, the man living there is the owner’s son, and he’s a walking refrigerator. (Well . . .) Hey, I’ll see what I can do. Anything else?Tenant: Well, yes. Could you talk to the owners of the property next door about the pungent odor drifting this way.Apartment Manager: Well, the area is zoned for agricultural and livestock use, so there’s nothing much I can do about that.Tenant: Well, what about the . . . . That, that noise.Apartment Manager: What noise? I don’t hear anything.Tenant: There, there it is again.Apartment Manager: What noise?Tenant: That noise.Apartment Manager: Oh, that noise. I guess the military has resumed its exercises on the artillery range.Tenant: You have to be kidding. Can’t anything be done about it?Apartment Manager: Why certainly. I’ve protested this activity, and these weekly (Weekly!) activities should cease . . . within the next three to five years.Tenant: Hey, you never told me about these problems before I signed the rental agreement.。
听力教程第二册unit2听力原文
听⼒教程第⼆册unit2听⼒原⽂Unit 2Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Phonetics-Stress, Intonation and Accenta . It's on top of the bookcase.b. With milk, please.c. At five past one.d. At five past one.e. It's on top of the bookcase.f. With milk, please.Exercise:1.f2.c3.e4.b5.a6.dPart2 Listening and Note-takingRalph NaderRalph Nader is a man of few possessions. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment. He doesn't have a car or a TV set. He doesn't have many clothes and he doesn't care about money when he makes a lot of money, he gives it away. He doesn't smoke and he works from six in the morning until late at night, seven days a week: he is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.When he went to parties as a young man, people complained that all he talked about was the dangers of cars, and how bad car design caused the deaths of so many people each year. After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled "Unsafe at Any Speed," which was about a car called Corvair. Later, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed how many deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make car safer.After this success, Nader became interested in something very different. This was thequality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods like sausages and hamburgers. A year later, in 1967, again because of Nader's work, a law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines -- these are the pipes that take gas across the country from one town to another. The second was to protect people from radiation --that is, the dangerous radiation which may leak from nuclear sources. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry -- that is, the chicken and turkey meat.Ralph Nader, now one of the most influential people in the United States, has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise A:1. Ralph Nader is a man of few possessions.2. He is paying back to America his debt as a citizen.3. He said new laws were needed to make cars safer.4. A law was passed to ensure that products like sausages and hamburgers contained the right amount of meat.5. Ralph Nader has set a wonderful example of what determined men and women can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Exercise B:Ralph NaderI.Ralph Nader, a man of few possessionsA. He owns very little and lives in a small apartment.B. He doesn't have a car or a TV set.C. He doesn't have many clothes.D. He doesn't care about money.II. His early efforts to make car saferA.He talked about the dangers of cars, and how bad car design causedthe deaths of so many people each year at parties.B.After he graduated from Harvard, he published an article entitled"Unsafe at Any speed.ter, he made a big attack on the car industry and showed howmany deaths in car accidents were because of badly-made cars.D. In 1966, because of Nader's work, a law was passed to make carssafer.III. His interests in something very differentA. The quality of meat and the amount of meat that is put into foods likesausages and hamburgersB. In 1968, three more laws were passed because of Nader's efforts.a. The first was to ensure the safety of gas pipelines.b. The second was to protect people from radiation.c. The third was to ensure the proper standard of poultry.IV. Ralph Nader. one of the most influential people in the United StatesA. He has set a wonderful example of what determined men andwomen can do to improve the quality of life in their country.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialoguesDialogue 1Give Them Time to Get to Know YouFather: Well, whose fault do you think it is, then?Daughter: I don't know.Father: It couldn't be yours?Daughter: What? That I feel lonely because I haven't any friends there?Father: No, that you haven't got any friends.Daughter: But I've told you! They're not very friendly there. They never talk to me!They just leave me alone.Father: But why?Daughter: How should I know?Father: Isn't it possible it's because you're not very friendly towards them? Daughter: What do you mean?Father: Have you talked to them? Have you tried to make conversation? Daughter: I've told you! They're not interested in talking to me.Father: How do you know?Daughter: Because ... for example ... at lunch time, they all sit together in v groups! Father: Yes, but why don't you sit with one of the groups?Daughter: Don't be silly. I couldn't. It would be awful!Father: why?Daughter: It just would. That's all.Father: How do you know?Daughter: I just do!Father: Well, you'll never make friends if you don't try, will you? I mean, you've got to meet them, too, at least half way. Daughter: It just wouldn't work!Father: You know what I think. I think you're just saying that because you're impatient.Daughter: Impatient? Me?Father: Yes, impatient. You always have been, ever since you were a child. If you don't get what you want immediately, you get depressed and you give up tooeasily!Daughter: Look, if you came with me some morning, you'd understand ...Father: You've only been there for four weeks. These things take time. Daughter: I know, but I still feel ...Father: Listen, give them time to get to know you ... and give yourself time get to know them, and things will change. Believe me!1.T2.T3.F4.T5.T6.TDialogue 2 GesturesNumber 1Woman: You know, a "nod" -- moving your head up and down -- means “yes” in most places, but not everywhere. Did you know that in Greece a nod means "no"? Man: It means "no" in Greece? I'm surprised.Number 2Man: I didn't know "raised eyebrows" means "yes" in Tonga. It means something very different in Peru.Woman: Yeah? What does it mean there?Man: Money. "Raised eyebrows" is a gesture for money in Peru.Woman: Hmm.Number 3Woman: Um, Alberto, you said that "tapping your head" means "I'm thinking" in Argentina.Man: That's right.Woman: You'd better be careful about using that gesture here in Canada. It means someone is crazy.Man: Oh, it means "crazy" in Canada? I didn't know that. I'll be careful.Number 4Man: You know, it's interesting that in the Netherlands, "tapping your elbow" means you can't depend on someone. In Colombia, they use the same gesture, but ithas a different meaning.Woman: What does it mean in Colombia?Man: Well, it means someone is cheap. That person doesn't like to spend money. Woman: Oh.Number 5Woman: Here's an interesting one. You know how "circling your head" means that a person's crazy?Man: Yeah.Woman: Guess what it means in the Netherlands.Man: The Netherlands? I have no idea.Woman: It means someone is calling on the telephone. You know, like dialing a phone. Man: That's interesting.Number 6Man: So "flicking your chin" means "go away" in Italy, rightWoman: Yes.Man: Guess what it means in Brazil.Woman: In Brazil? I don't know.Man: That's right.Woman: Huh?Man: In Brazil, "flicking your chin" means "I don't know."Woman: "I don't know" is the meaning?Man: Right.Number 7Woman: Well, everything is "thumbs up" for my trip to Nigeria. I've never been to Africa before. I'm really looking forward to it.Man: Ah, you'd better be careful with that expression in Nigeria.Woman: Huh?Man: Thumbs up. In Nigeria, it means ... um ... well, it has a very bad meaning.Don't use that gesture. It will get you into a lot of trouble.Woman: Oh, thanks for telling me.Number 8Man: You said "tossing your head" means "come here" for Germans? Woman: That's right. But there are some other meanings. In India, it means "yes."But it has the opposite meaning in Italy. In Italy it means "no."Man: Hmm, "yes" in India, "no" in Italy. Isn't it interesting how the same thing can have such different meanings? Woman: It sure is.Part 2 passagesWhy Shouldn't you Go by First Impressions?One shouldn't always go by* first impressions. In my hometown there lived a giant of a man with huge hands and a manner so fierce and unfriendly that he always sat alone in any public place. Yet to those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend. In the same way one should never assume* that somebody who looks inoffensive is always going to behave in an inoffensive manner.Recently my young brother, who works for a famous American airline, was reminded of this truth. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So my brotherhad the difficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn't travel on the flight in question*. Knowing that the young are generally impatient and often aggressive, my brother chose three elderly travelers, an English couple and a little old American lady.The English couple accepted the situation and went to have a drink while waiting for the next flight. Then my brother approached the American lady, whose name was Mrs. Pepper, with a sad smile on his face, "Mrs. Pepper? May I have a few words? I'm afraid we have a problem.""A problem? What de you mean, we have a problem, young man?"“Would you like to come into the office” asked my brother, sensing that this was not going to be easy."Oh, very well, but only for a moment. I have a plane to catch, you know.""Er ... yes." My brother explained the position.The little lady looked at him with steely, blue eyes. "Young man," she said. "I don't believe you are aware that you are talking to Mrs Katherine Pepper, widow of General Arnold Pepper, of the United States Army Air Force and I'd like to inform you, further, that the President of your airline was a personal friend of the General's. In the circumstances I'd advise you to sort this out* right away, otherwise you're going to be in a lot of trouble. Do I make myself clear?" Exercise A:Appearances are often deceptive. In this passage, the two examples tell us the reason why we shouldn't go by first impressions.Exercise B:I.C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. BExercise C:1. To those who knew him, he was a kind and generous friend.2. The plane was overbooked and for once all the passengers turned up. So he had thedifficult task of choosing three passengers and informing them that they couldn’t travel on the flight in question.3. They had a very close relationship.4. Probably he would never trust his first impressions again.Part 3 NewsNews ltem 1The simultaneous* bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are imprinted* on the minds of many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks are unreliable, according to a study from Portsmouth University. 40% of British students questioned about the events remembered seeing CCTV footage* of the bus bomb - footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction.Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed."Memories are not like videotape you can rewind and replay for perfect recall," said lead researcher James Ost. "Because of this, they are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decisions."Exercise A:This news item is about the false memories that British people have about the attacks happened in London three years age. Exercise B:The simultaneous bombings of three underground trains and a double-decker bus in London three years ago are well remembered by many people in Britain.But our memories of the attacks cannot be trusted, according to a study from Portsmouth University. When questioned about the events 40% of British students remembered seeing CCTV footage of the bus bomb----footage which never existed. A further 28% claimed to have seen a non-existent computerized reconstruction. Some even recalled specific details of the attacks, which none of them witnessed. James Ost, the lead researcher, therefore concluded that memories are not reliable enough to form the basis of legal decision.News Item 2China begins three days of mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan province, with a three-minute silence and half-mast flags.For three minutes a collective wail * was heard across the town of Beichuan as ° raid sirens* and car horns sounded the exact time when the earthquake hit China one week ago. Workers here laid wreaths* outsidethe town's school. At 2:28 in the afternoon, last Monday, it was engulfed* in a landslide*, hundreds of children died.To the side of the mourners, bodies lay waiting to be buried. Rescue work has resumed and two women were found alive here this morning, but these glimmers* of hope are increasingly rare. The aftershocks* continue.Exercise A:This news about the mourning for earthquake victims in Sichuan, ChinaExercise B:1.The Chinese people mourned the earthquake victims with a three-minute silence andhalf-mast flags.2.At 2:28 p.m., last Monday.3.Hundreds of children were killed in a landslide.4.The hopes of finding more people alive were increasingly rare.5.No, aftershocks continued.News Item 3Indonesia is expected to announce stronger security measures Wednesday after a deadly bombing in Jakarta*. At least 13 people were killed when a car bomb exploded near a hotel. 149 people were injured. The hotel is operated by a United States company. The governor of Jakarta said it was very likely that the bomber was killed in the attack. Indonesian President Megawati Sukarnoputri visited the damaged hotel. Buildings nearby also were damaged. Theexplosion comes 2 days before an Indonesian court decides the first case connected to the deadly bombings last year in Bali*. Those attacks killed 202 people.Exercise A:This news item is about the 2nd serious bombing that took place in Indonesia within 2 years.Exercise B:1. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. TSection three oral worksRetellingAs Susan and her daughter Jenny walked around the park they were hounded by beggars. The girl was shocked when she saw a skeletal young beggar woman wrapped in a gray shawl*. Her eyes were sunken* and she held out a bony hand like she was receiving communion, As she did, her shawl fell away revealing a young child standing under it.Jenny just started throwing her money into that bony hand. Susan grabbed her before she could start taking off her jewelry, and the mother decided to have a talk with her about the beggars when they got back to the hotel.They boarded the return bus. They were stopped at a red light when Jenny stood straight up and screamed, "Mother? Susan went to her window and she pointed to a taxi next to the bus. There, in air conditioned comfort, sat the beggar woman with her child next to her, eating an ice cream cone.。
听说教程2听力原文.doc
2-1-BWhy Don't You Join Me at the Gym Sometime?Peter: Hi, Laura. Where are you heading with that big bag?Laura: Hi, Peter. I'm off to the gym. I've got to stay in shape, you known. I try to go three times a week, but I'm busy so I can't always make it.Peter: I know more women who work out than men. What's the main reason you work out? For your health, or to look good?Laura: To be honest, for both. With women, good looks are always a very important consideration.Peter: If they were honest, most men who work out would admit that they also do it to look better, and not merely for health reasons.Laura: How about you? Do you get any regular exercise?Peter: I do a lot of walking, for exercise and enjoyment -- sometimes ten to twenty kilometers at a time -- but I never go to the gym like you do.Laura: Well, walking is good exercise. How about sports?Peter: Not since my school days. I used to love playing baseball, but it's impossible to get enough people together for a game now. Mostly I just watch sports on TV.Laura: I play tennis fairly regularly with my friends, and sometimes go swimming and cycling by myself.Peter: Oh, I forgot about that. I go cycling sometimes too. And I often go swimming on vacation, but only recreational swimming.Laura: Why don't you join me at the gym sometime? I can get you a guest pass.Peter: Well, maybe someday, but I'm pretty lazy about things like that.2-1-CWatching a GameAlan: Going to the football game today, Betty?Betty: No, but I'll be watching it on television with some friends.Alan: Weren't you able to get any tickets?Betty: I didn't try. I really don't go to games so often.Alan: But don't you enjoy going? Don't you find it exciting to be part of the crowd?Betty: Oh sure, nothing beats the atmosphere at a sporting event: the cheering, all that energy. But sometimes it's just too inconvenient getting into and out of the stadium before and after the game. And if you watch the game with friends, or at a bar or restaurant ...Alan: ... you've basically created your own crowd.Betty: That's right. Another reason why I like to watch sports on television is that I simply find it easier to follow the action on TV.Alan: Yeah, sometimes it is a little difficult to keep track of the ball when you're sitting in the stands.Betty: Especially when your seats are high up in the grandstand, and far from the field.Alan: It's like you're watching from an airplane, sometimes.Betty: Also good sports commentators on television can add to your understanding and enjoyment of the game.Alan: After listening to you I'm starting to wonder how they are able to sell any tickets to these games!2-2-BDid You Hear the Weather Forecast?Alan: Oh, look at the sky, Michelle! It's starting to get cloudy.Michelle: I see it. I hope it doesn't rain. I thought it was going to be a fine day today.Alan: That's certainly what the department was hoping for when they chose today as the date for the annual picnic. Michelle: You can't have a picnic without good weather. You need sunshine for all the eating and games and entertainment.Alan: Yeah, sunshine -- but not too much! Do you remember last year?Michelle: I sure do. It was so hot all we did was look for shade, look for ways to escape from the sun.Alan: And no one wanted to participate in any of the planned activities. All we wanted was cold drinks. And then dozed off.Michelle: If there had just been the tiniest breeze to cool us off...Alan: But there wasn't. Just that burning sun, without a cloud in the sky, and the temperature just seemed to climb higher and higher.Michelle Well, we don't have that problem this year, apparently. Alan, did you hear the weather forecast? Is it supposed to rain?Alan: I don't know. I didn't catch the weather report. But maybe if it rains, it will only be a short shower which cools things off a little. That might not be bad.2-2-CA ThunderstormLili: Look, Betty, the sky has turned completely black!Betty: Oh, wow. A big thunderstorm is coming. But I guess it won't last long.Lili: Yeah, maybe for about twenty minutes or so it's going to seem like it's the end of the world. And then the sun will come out again.Betty: I like storms like this. Summer is dramatic. What do you think, Lili?Lili: Yes, these storms do come quite suddenly in the summer. I often seem to get caught without an umbrella.Betty: But it's not so terribly getting caught in the rain occasionally in the summer. Now if you got all wet during a cold, dreary winter day -- that really would be horrible.Lili: True. Ah, it's starting to rain now. Here it comes. Yes, it's starting to pour.Betty: Here comes the lightning and thunder too.Lili: At least it's supposed to clear up later this afternoon, and to be fine this evening.Betty: That's good, because I'm going to meet some friends tonight.Lili: Well, most likely you will have a very pleasant evening, because this storm should take some of the humidity from the air.Betty: Yes, I must admit that these Chinese summers are very humid.Lili: More humid than in the US?Betty: Well, I can't speak about the whole country. But as far as New York goes, I'd say that the weather here in Shanghai tends to be hotter and more humid.Lili: But I think our winters are milder.Betty: Yes, I'm sure they are. We probably also get more snow in New York than you do here.2-3-BWhat about Dining Out?Peter: Hi, Kate.Kate: Hi, Peter. How have you been?Peter: Oh, OK, I guess. And you?Kate: Not too bad. We haven't seen each other for a while, have we?Peter: No, we haven't. So that makes me ask... Do you have any plans for this Saturday?Kate: No, not yet, I don't think so. Why?Peter: What do you think about getting together and going out to dinner this weekend?Kate: That would be great. Do you have any particular place in mind?Peter: Well, I think I'd like to eat something that's not too heavy. I've been eating a little too much lately.Kate: Me too.Peter: I love Italian food, but maybe we should skip that this time. They always seem to serve so much food in Italian restaurants, and you end up eating more than you wanted to.Kate: Chinese food would be good.Peter: Yes, or maybe some Japanese sushi. That style uses a lot of natural flavors, and not much oil or cream or heavy sauces.Kate: Yes, either of those choices would be good. Let's just meet on Saturday night, and decide then where to eat. Peter: That's fine by me.2-3-CEating OutA: Well, here we are -- not too crowded.B: Great! Let's order quickly so we can chat a little.A: OK. What are you in the mood for?B: Something light. I went out for pizza at lunch and I'm still full.A: There are three salads. Or you could have soup and a sandwich.B: What are you having? A hamburger, I suppose.A: No, actually I ate out last night too, but we had fast food at McDonald's, then a late snack at Kentucky Fried Chicken. B: Oh, dear. Well, maybe you should have the chicken salad.A: Yes, I think so. Look, the daily special is spaghetti. That sounds good.B: Oh, the prices are great, too. I'll have that as well.A: Now let's decide on drinks.B: I'll just have coffee and a glass of iced water.A: Italian food needs red wine. you know.B: But we have to go back to work.A: OK, a Coke then.B: Here comes the waitress. Let me order first.2-4-BGoing to See the DoctorD: So what's your trouble?P: Well, doctor, I haven't been feeling well lately. My biggest problem is that I'm having trouble sleeping.D: Have you tried any of the sleeping medications available?P: I've tried one or two, but they don't seem to help.D: How long have you had this problem?P: Three or four months -- it's been rather a long time now.D: Are you suffering from an unusual level of stress in your life lately?P: Not more than usual. My biggest worry is the fact I can't sleep.D: Well, some people don't need as much sleep as others.P: But I feel tired all day, so it is a problem for me.D: Have you been experiencing any other symptoms?P: I've also had a lot of indigestion lately.D: Well, you are a little overweight, aren't you?P: Yes. And I've gained about seven kilograms this past year.D: You really should try to lose at least that extra weight. Do you get much exercise?P: No, not very much.D: Physical activity is very important.P: So what do you recommend, doctor?D: I will give you some medication for your insomnia and your indigestion. But I also recommend that you begin a regular exercise program.P: But I have neither the time nor the money to go to a gym.D: You don't need to go to a gym. A simple walking program would be very beneficial for you. I think you'll find that diet and exercise will be very helpful in taking care of your recent complaints.2-4-C Eating ApplesYou probably know a famous saying about the importance of eating apples. It is, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away.Now, a new American study shows eating apples may help fight cancer, too. Research scientists at Cornell University in New York say a combination of chemicals found in apples is important for good health. The study shows that the combination of chemicals plays an important part in anti-cancer activity.The scientists say the chemicals are in both the skin and the flesh of apples. Results of the study were reported in the publication Nature. The Cornell researchers studied the chemicals, or extracts, taken from the skin and flesh of red apples grown in New York State. They studied the effectiveness of the apple extracts in fighting cancer.The researchers treated colon (结肠) cancer cells with fifty milligrams of apple extract (苹果汁). Extracts from the apple skin reduced the growth of cancer cells by forty-three percent. Extracts from the fruit's flesh reduced the growth of cancer cells by twenty-nine percent.The researchers also treated human liver (肝) cancer cells with apple extract. Extracts from the apple skin reduced the growth of those cells by fifty-seven percent. Extracts from the fleshy part of the apple reduced the cancer cells by forty percent.Lead researcher Liu Ruihai said scientists have long known that apples are good for human health. He says some scientists are interested in testing single vitamins or other substances to see if they alone fight disease. He says his study shows no single substance works alone to reduce cancer. Instead, the combination of chemicals in apples is effective and eating fruit and vegetables is better than taking extra vitamin pills.2-5-BBackground MusicBackground music may seem harmless, but it can have a powerful effect on those who hear it. Recorded background music first found its way into factories, shops and restaurants in the USA. Very soon it spread to other parts of the world. Now it is becoming difficult to go shopping or eat a meal without listening to music.To begin with, background music was intended simply to create a soothing atmosphere. Recently, however, it's becoming a big business. An American marketing expert has shown that music can boost sales or increase factory production by as much as a third.But it has to be the light music. Lively music has no effect at all on sales. Slow music can increase receipts by 34%. This is probably because shoppers slow down and have more opportunity to spot items they would like to buy. Yet, slow music isn't always the answer. The expert found that in restaurants slow music meant customers took longer to eat their meals, which reduced overall sales. So restaurant owners might be well advised to play faster music to keep the customers moving -- unless, of course, the resulting indigestion leads to complaints.2-5-CCeline DionCeline Dion is the youngest of 14 children in a working-class family in Quebec, Canada. Her parents, who both loved music, encouraged her to develop her musical talent. At 12, Celine had composed the song "It Was Only a Dream". Her mother and brother helped her to make a recording of that song and sent it off to an address they found on an album of a popular French singer. The address was that of Rene Angelil, who became her first conquest, but there would be millions more.Celine's rise from a teenage singer to a pop superstar has been steady, but not without difficulties. Record companies were at first less enthusiastic about investing in a teenager than Angelil, who mortgaged his own home to pay for her first album. But her first two albums won a great success. And by 1983 she became the first Canadian ever to have a gold record in France.In 1990, Celine made her first English language record with Unison but her real breakthrough in America came when she was selected by Disney to sing the theme song of Beauty and the Beast. The song went to No. 1 on the chart and won both a Grammy and an Academy award. In 1996 she performed at the opening ceremonies of the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games and in 1997, she recorded the theme song for Titanic, and her name became synonymous with the enormously successful film.Celine Dion's favorite theme is love. She sings the depth and the power of love in a great many of her hits such as "Love Can Move Mountains", "Because You Loved Me", "The Power of Love" and, of course, the theme song of Titanic, "My Heart Will Go On".2-6-BWho Is to Be Promoted?(The Personnel Department is having a meeting. Joan Black is the chairperson of the meeting. )Joan: I think John Jeffrey's already been with the company for 20 years. Surely he's not still expecting promotion. Do you agree, Peter?Peter: Well. in my opinion, John's always shown great loyalty to the company. It's time this was rewarded. What do you think, Clive?Clive: It's not just a question of loyalty. Would he be any good at the job? He would need to manage a small team -- he's got no experience of that yet.Peter: He never will have any experience unless we give him a chance!Joan: We can't afford to be sentimental. I don't think he's the man for the job. He's always been a follower, not a leader.Let's move on to the other candidates. Rita Hayden has already shown great personnel management skill, I feel, even if she's ...Peter: Oh, come on, Joan! Rita's still learning her trade! We can't afford to take a risk with someone so inexperienced. Clive: I agree with Peter. I favor Susan Palmer. She's got a lot of experience. She's already worked in the department on other occasions so she knows the ropes and she's ...Joan: But Susan's always struck me as a bit cautious. We need someone dynamic for this job.Peter: I'd agree with Clive. I think Susan Palmer would do a good job. Maybe she's a bit cautious but she's solid, reliable... We need those qualities too.Joan: Well, if you're both so sure, I suppose I'll have to agree. Still, we'll wait a week before confirming it just in case anyother applicants put their names forward.2-6-CA Good SalesmanMr Stevenson was the owner of a general appliance store. He had seen many newly-weds coming into his store to shop for their first refrigerator, washer and dryer, and air-conditioner. Pen and pencil in hand, they would ask him a lot of questions about price, features and after-sale services, but they would usually walk away at the end of their inquiry.The other day a young couple came into his store. They asked him all the usual questions and he answered all of them patiently. But when he suggested an order at the end, they replied firmly, "We'll have to look around places first."Although feeling a bit disappointed, Mr Stevenson did not show it. Instead, he smiled, moved closer and said, "I know you will go to Discount Dan to look at the price tags. That's perfectly understandable. I do the same. In fact, they sell the same stuff as we do. But if you buy things there, there is something you will not get. And that is me. I come with everything I sell. I've been in the business for thirty years and in a few years' time I'm going to give my store to my daughter and son-in-law. I hope they will carry on the family business. I stand behind everything I sell and I will make sure that you will never regret buying things from me."After this short speech Mr Stevenson offered the young couple some ice cream to thank them for their interest.Impressed by his honesty and sincerity, the young couple decided to place an order.2-7-BFashion -- Image or Reality?Why do people spend so much money on fashion? Do they want to create an image or make sure they are not old-fashioned? Do people really judge each other by the clothes they wear? The billion-dollar fashion industry certainly tries to convince consumers that such judgements are made.Unfortunately, they may be right. A recent study using elementary school students was interesting. They said that people wearing Calvin Klein designer jeans were more handsome and successful than those wearing Wranglers. Levi-wearers were seen as sporty, fashionable and fun! Obviously we learn early that "Clothes make the man." In other words, clothes show age, outlook, status and income. However, clothes that look great on professional models may look terrible on the average buyer.Although beautiful clothes don't help physically, they are important for social and psychological effects. Expensive clothes can make the wearer feel like part of the high status group that sets taste and style. So you are buying an image of success. You may really live a routine life, waking up in the morning feeling dull and ordinary. But when you dress in these expensive clothes, your mood brightens. You feel good, ready to face another day with energy. Sound crazy? People who love clothes say it's true.Of course, a lot of people don't like high fashion. They'd rather spend their money on something practical. Which would you prefer -- the image or the reality?2-7-CPlatform ShoesIf you have been thinking that platform shoes are the newest fashion trend on the planet, then it is about time you found out something about these height boosters. Not only were they wildly popular during the noisy disco days of the 1970's, but they were also all the rage during the late 1400's to 1600's.The platform shoes that were the sign of high fashion in the 1600's were more practical than today's style symbols. They were worn over delicate shoes to protect them from getting dirty when walking in muddy or dusty streets.After going out of fashion in the 1600's, platforms returned to the style scene in the 1930's when designers such as Salvatore Ferragamo began breaking the rules of fashion. They re-emerged again towards the end of the 1960's and by1975 were so common that men were also trying to balance on their massive heels.No matter how fashionable platforms are, they also have a reputation for creating problems. It is very easy to twist your ankle while wearing platforms and the damage this can do to your foot can be serious. In Japan, they have also brought about traffic problems as women wearing them while driving have been unable to brake quickly enough and as a result caused accidents!2-8-BLottery WinnersDo you dream of winning the lottery? So have millions of other people. Every day, millions of Americans buy lottery tickets. They are hoping to win $100,000, $1,000,000 or more. What happens after you win the lottery?When you win a million dollars, you don't receive a check for the total amount. You receive $50, 000 a year for twenty years. Also, you must pay taxes. After taxes, you receive from $25,000 to $40,000 a year for twenty years. This is a lot of extra spending money.What have some people done with their money? Let's look at three past winners.Lisa K wanted to be an artist, but she didn't have enough money to go to art school. She was working at a job she didn't enjoy. In August, Lisa bought one ticket and won two million dollars. She quit her job three weeks later and is now attending art school.Mark L was a car salesman. He worked seven days a week and had little time for family life. After he won the lottery, he quit working. Now he spends his time bowling, working in the garden, and fixing things in his house. But, he's bored. He doesn't want to sell cars again, but he isn't sure what he wants to do with his life.Jack B is one of the small number of winners who did not quit his job. Jack still teaches at a school near his home. But now he and his wife take their children on an interesting vacation every year. And they don't worry about sending their children to college. They say that money brings security and gives a person opportunities, but it doesn't bring happiness.2-8-CAn Abandoned Newborn BabyA healthy newborn girl was discovered in Central Park yesterday morning. The baby was abandoned on the top of a rock shortly before dawn after the mother gave birth to her there.The police said that the baby was healthy and weighed 7 pounds. Now they were searching for the mother. A policeman said that they had never had anything like this before. They really didn't get babies left in the park. But they were just happy the baby was all right.The police rushed the baby to a nearby hospital. Fortunately she was OK. The police believed the baby was born less than half an hour before she was discovered. They also believed judging from the amount of blood found on the rock, that the mother might have given birth there. It was 70 degrees when the baby was found.Detectives were investigating whether the mother was a homeless woman who called a baby rescue hotline early yesterday. The head of Hope Foundation said that his hotline received a call about 5:30 a.m. from a young homeless woman in Manhattan. The caller asked, "How do I get rid of my baby?" She was apparently in labor. Then she was told to go to either a hospital or a fire station. But the woman was afraid she would be recognized there. The head also said that the woman wouldn't even tell him where he could possibly meet her since they had two teams that could help with the delivery, if necessary.2-9-BA Belated PostcardA postcard carrying a George V stamp has mysteriously arrived at its destination at least 63 years after it was firstposted.The card was sent to a baker named Richard Price of South Wales, before the outbreak of the Second World War. it was delivered to a van hire company last week, which is the current owner of the High Street house formerly used by the baker. After an appeal in the local newspaper to discover who the Mr. Richard Price of the address really was, a puzzled Mrs. Meyrick came forward.Pam Meyrick, who is 66 years old, is a granddaughter of the baker. She couldn't believe her eyes when she saw the address and the name. "My grandfather died in 1970 at the age of 92," she said. "The card carries a halfpenny stamp with George V's head on it. I just don't know how it was delivered. Seeing his name brings it all back to me. But it baffled me to understand where the card, which is in mint condition, has been all this time." She said that the unexplained postcard will become a treasured keepsake to her and her family.The card was sent from Birmingham by a salesman for a fruit essence maker. On the card it says: "Our Mr. Gwyn Thomas will have the pleasure of waiting upon you in a few days."A spokeswoman for the Royal Mail said it was unlikely that the postcard was delivered by a postman. "There is a slim chance it could have slipped through the system but I don't think the postman would have missed the stamp," she said. "We'll certainly look into the matter."2-9-CA Broken TubeOne morning I was sitting in a junior college classroom listening to a sociology professor explain why he thought corporal punishment for disobedient children was a great idea. He suggested that "bad" children should be offered the opportunity to choose the instrument of punishment for themselves, from a selection of belts, switches, and sticks. I couldn't believe my ears at this. I was so angry that without thinking, I raised my hand and asked the professor if he beat his wife as well as he beat his children. A tense silence swept through the classroom at that moment. The professor and I were glaring at each other. Both of us were speechless and shaking with rage. We were all waiting for something to snap. But before either of us could react to the horrible situation, the light in the enclosed ceiling box directly over my head shattered. Broken but untouched! You could see fragments of glass lying on the plastic window of the box. Everybody jumped at the little explosion. And startle turned immediately to laughter. The spell of anger was broken. And the professor finished his lecture and sent us all home early. The event was never discussed in class.2-10-BSurviving a Plane CrashThree months ago I flew to Burma with my boyfriend, Johan. The plane was a small one and our seats were near the back. The sky looked very black as we took off, and throughout the flight, we kept our seat belts fastened. Twenty minutes later we flew into a terrible storm. The plane rolled and shook in the wind. We were both very frightened. I couldn't remember anything after that until I opened my eyes. I didn't know where I was. Slowly I realized that the plane had crashed. I was in terrible pain and I couldn't move. "Johan," I called, but he didn't reply. It was dark, but I knew that he wasn't in his seat. I heard groans and I worked out that possibly six other people were still alive. When daylight came, I could see all the bodies around me. Johan was on the other side of the aisle, but I knew that he was dead.After a day or two the other voices stopped and I was alone. But the rescuers didn't come. "They must be on their way," I told myself. I didn't know that we were in a swamp in the middle of a jungle and that the helicopters couldn't fly in the heavy rain. Outside the window the flood water was slowly going up. But that water saved my life. I managed to stay alive by drinking that dirty water. At night the mosquitoes came. I was out of consciousness because of pain and hunger. Then I heard voices. I pushed my hand out of the window and amazingly someone grabbed it. The rescue team had arrived ... nine days after the crash.2-10-CMount St. HelensMost volcanoes are quiet. They rest peacefully for hundreds of years. No one pays much attention to them.Mount St. Helens was one of these volcanoes. Until 1980, it was a beautiful recreation area. Its last eruption had been 123 years ago. No one was worried about another one. Then, in March 1980, Mount St. Helens began to make noises. At first, there were tremors. Then, small eruptions occurred. Some residents left immediately. Others felt there was no danger.But on the morning of May 18, 1980, the mountain blew its top. With the power of twenty-five atomic bombs, Mount St. Helens exploded. Clouds of dust and ash rose more than twelve miles into the sky. Rocks and mud crashed down the slopes.Unfortunately, many people were still living, camping, or working in the area. Over forty people lost their lives. Others were rescued.Robert Baker was fishing with his family when the explosion occurred. He reported that the morning of May 18 was strange. No birds were singing. The air was still. Then, he saw a large black cloud coming down toward them. In minutes, day turned into night. He called his family to their van and they started on the slow dark ride away from the mountain. All the time, hot ash was raining on them.But other people were not so lucky. David Johnston, a volcano expert, was standing near the summit of the mountain. At 8:31 a. m. , he radioed, "This is it!" He was never heard from again.Mount St. Helens is peaceful now. But its slopes are empty. It will be many years before fish, plants, and trees will again live on the mountain.。
朗文英语听说教程二听力原文_Unit_08
Unit 8 Right and Wrong on the NetIntroductionTEACHER: Good morning. Did anyone hear the news about the teenager in New York who hacked into a bank’s database and stole about 30,000 credit card numbers over the weekend? Hacking is related to computer ethics-that’s our topic today. Computer ethics deals with the proper use of information technology, such as computers and the Internet. By proper use, I mean socially responsible use. We’ll first talk about what ethical behavior is and how this applies to computer use.Body: Part 1First, I want to make sure we all know what ethics is. Anyone? Yes, John.STUDENT l: It’s about right and wrong.TEACHER: Yes. OK, Jennifer.STUDENT 2: And it’s about being a good person, doing what’s right.TEACHER: Yes, ethics includes both of these ideas. It deals with moral judgments, with what is acceptable or unacceptable to do. Now we learn ideas about what is right and wrong from our families, our friends, and from the culture we live in. Because of differences in our backgrounds, we may not always agree on what is right and wrong. However, for our discussion today, I will define for you what I mean by an ethical action. An ethical action is something someone does that benefits someone and doesn’t hurt anyone. So, for example, if you see a man drop some money, and you pick the money up and give it to him, this is an ethical action. On the other hand, if you pick up the money and don’t give it back to the man, this benefits you, but hurts the man. This is not an ethical action.Body: Part 2Now what about computers? What are the ethical boundaries for using computers and the Internet? Most people agree that it is wrong to steal from a store. Would they also say it’s wrong to copy music files from the Internet? Or, to take another example, most people agree that it is wrong to open an envelope and read a letter to someone else. Would they also say it’s wrong to read someone else’s e-mail? In the past decade or so, many more people have started using computers and the Internet, so these issues have become important. In 1992, the Computer Ethics Institute was founded in the United States. This is a research, education, and policy study group whose goal is to increase awareness of the ethical issues that are likely to come up as technology develops. One concept the Computer Ethics Institute has developed is the Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics. These rules are important guidelines the Institute thinks all computer users should follow. Now some of you may be familiar with the Ten Commandments from the Bible, like, uh, “Thou shalt not kill” or “Thou shalt honor thy father and thy mother.” The Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics have been written in the same style of language used in the Ten Commandments from the Bible. For example, they use the phrase “Thou shalt not.” “Thou shalt not” means don’t or you shouldn’t.Body: Part 3Let’s look at each commandment or rule. The first commandment says: Thou shalt not use a computer to harm other people. Simple enough, right? Number Two. Thou shalt not interfere with other people’s computer work. I interpret this to mean don’t use a computer in any way that will affect or change the work someone else is doing. Don’t move or edit someone else’s files without telling them. Number Three. Thou shalt not snoop in other people’s files. To snoop means to try to find out something without another person knowing it. If you look at someone else’s files on the computer or read their e-mail, you’re snooping. Respect other people’s privacy. Number Four. Thou shalt not use a computer to steal. There are situations on the Internet in which you have to decide if you are stealing or not, like downloading music files, as I mentioned earlier. Number Five. Thou shalt not use a computer to say things that are untrue. It is up to you to be truthful in your website, in your e-business, and in your e-mail. Number Six. Thou shalt not use software for which you have not paid. In other words, if the software is free on the Internet, it’s okay to download and use it. However, it is not okay to copy software from a friend, because you didn’t pay for it. Number Seven. Thou shalt not use other people’s computer resources without telling them, or without paying them. For example, you shouldn’t use someone else’s computer, password, or Internet connection without asking them first. Number Eight. Thou shalt not appropriate someone else’s ideas. Appropriate is spelled A-P-P-R-O-P-R-I-A-T-E. . . . It means to take words someone else wrote and say they’re yours. Uh, for example, you have to write a report for school. If you copy a term paper from the Internet and hand it in, you’re breaking the rule. Copying even a few sentences off the Internet and presenting them as your own is breaking the rule. Number Nine. The ninth commandment says: Thou shalt think about the social consequences of the program you are writing. Now, this applies mostly to computer programmers. Social consequences means how the program you’re writing might affect others in society. Could hackers possibly use your program to illegally gain access to a computer system? Skillful hackers can hack into banks and into credit card companies; they can alter accounts and steal money. They can also create viruses that can cause billions of dollars of damage worldwide. Number Ten. The tenth commandment says: Thou shalt always use a computer in ways that are respectful of others. For example, sending unfriendly e-mail to someone or about someone or creating websites with negative messages are examples of breaking this rule.Body: Part 4OK, the Computer Ethics Institute has sent these guidelines to many large companies and to schools across the United States. However, there’s no way to enforce these rules. Nevertheless, they would like to see schools, in particular, utilize these rules to help students develop a strong sense of computer ethics. OK, any questions or comments at this point?STUDENT 1: How are we supposed to remember all those rules?TEACHER: Well, there are a lot of rules, but they all boil down to a couple of principles: respect and fairness. Respect what belongs to others and use resources fairly. Does that help?STUDENT 1: Yeah, I guess so.TEACHER: Good. Let’s go back to ethics. Now increasingly, schools are seeing that students need to be taught computer ethics as part of the school curriculum. Some schools have come up with acceptable-use policies, or rules about what is or isn’t OK for students to do regarding computer use. This is how the Computer Ethics Institute would like to see schools utilizing the rules. Generally, it’s considered wrong to steal someone else’s password or to read someone else’s e-mail. It’s also considered unacceptable in college classes for a student to download a term paper off the Internet and pretend that he or she wrote it. This is called “plagiarism,” and it’s a good example of breaking rule number eight. Students are permitted to use the Internet for research, but are instructed to write the information in their own words and to explain where they got the information.ConclusionNow the ten rules are guidelines for us to follow. These rules help us to be aware of the ethical uses of technology. Let’s stop here for today. Think about these rules this week and we’ll talk about them. And read the next two chapters for next week.。
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及答案Unit1
《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及答案Unit1《现代大学英语听力2》听力原文及答案Unit 1Unit 1Task 1【答案】A.1)S he wanted to see St. Paul?s Cathedral.2)S he was so surprised because she saw so many Englishmen who looked alike.3)T hey were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats, carrying umbrellas and newspapers.4)B ecause she had often read about them and seen photographs of them,who all looked as if they were wearing a uniform.5)N o, he didn ?t.6)H e used the Englis h saying “It takes all kinds to make a world ”to prove his opinion.B.If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea it would be! And if allthe trees were one tree, what a great tree it would be! And if this treewere to fall in the sea, what a great splash there would be!【原文】Yesterday morning Gretel went to the City of London. She wanted to see St. Paul's Cathedral. She was surprised to see so many Englishmen who looked alike. They were all wearing dark suits and bowler hats. They wereall carrying umbrellas and newspapers. When she returned home sheasked Mr clark about these strange creatures. "They must be typicalEnglish gentlemen," shesaid." I have often read about them and seen photographs of them. Theyall look as if they are wearing a uniform. Does the typical Englishgentleman still exist?"Mr. Clark laughed. "I've never thought about it," he answered." It'strue that many of the men who work in the City of London still wear bowler hate and I suppose they are typical Englishmen. But look at this."Mr. Clark picked up a magazine and pointed at a photo of a young man."He'sjust as typical, perhaps. It seems as if there is no such thing as a 'typical' Englishman. Do you know the English saying 'It takes all kinds to make aworld'? That's true of all countries-including England."“ Oh, just like the poem ,If All the Seas Were One Sea ?,”Gretel began to hum happily. If allthe seas were one sea, what a great sea that would be! If all the trees”were one tree, what a great tree that wo uld be! And if this tree were to fallin the sea, w hat a great splash that would be!Task 2【答案】A.1)p eople were much busier2)c older than England; minus thirty degrees; last longer3)m uch more mountainous; much higher and much more rocky; more beautiful4)t end to be more crowded5)t he houses; smallerB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F【原文】John is British but has worked in Japan. Etsuko is Japanese from Osaka, but she is studying in Britain. In the following passage you aregoing to hear, they are comparing life as they see it inthe two countries. But before listening to it, think of the two countries andtry to answer the following pre-listening questions.John: I found that living in Japan, people were busier. They seem to work the whole day.Etsuko: Yes, that?s right. We work from Monday through Saturday, even in summer. You know, summer in Japan is just horrible. It?s very, veryhumid and hot , and you need to shower three times a day.John: So you find it cooler in England?Etsuko: Yes, that?s right.John: Where I was living in Japan, in the North, it was much colderthan England, especially in winter, minus thirty degrees centigrade.Does the winter in Osaka last longer than the winter in England?Etsuko: No, I don?t think so. December, January, February, March.John: Yes. It?s a little bit shorter if anything.Etsuko: Ever since I came here, I noticed that the countryside here in England is very beautiful.John: It?s much flatter than in Japan.Etsuko: Yes. Japan is a mountainous country and our cities are full ofpeople. There are lots of people in a limited flat area.John: Yes, I found Japan much more mountainous than Britain, especiallyin the north. The mountains are much higher and much more rocky. Ifound it more beautiful than Britain, I think. Etsuko: Yes, if you likemountains.John: And therefore the towns and villages tend to be more crowded.Etsuko: Yes, that?s right.John: Yes. So because the cities are more crowded, the houses tend to be smaller, don?t they? Etsuko: Yes, they are very compact, and we don?thave a lot of space. In big cities we have a lot of taller buildings now.John: Is this a problem because there are more earthquakes in Japan?Etsuko: Yes, that?s right and ?Task 3【答案】A.1)In the US, people usually dance just to enjoy themselves; they don?tinvite other people to watch them.2)Usually eight people dance together.3)Because people form a square in dancing with a man anda woman on each sideof the square.4)H e usually makes it into a song.5)T hey wear old-fashioned clothes.B.1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) TC.1)e ight people form a square; on each side of the square2)w hat they should do; makes it into a song; sings it3)d on?t have much time to think4)o ld-fashioned clothes【原文】Rosa: Why don?t you have folk dances in the United States? Most countries have special dances that the people have done for manyyears. The dancers wear clothes from the old days. Everyone likesto watch them dance.Steve: We have folk dances, too. A lot of people belong to folk dancing groups. But when they dance, they usually do it just to enjoythemselves. They don?t invite other people to watch them. Rosa: Is there a folk dancing group here?Steve: I think so. There must be. There?s one in almost every city, and some big cities have several.Rosa: What are the dances like?Steve: Usually eight people dance together, four men and four women.When they start, they form a square, with a man and a womanon each side of the square. That?s why it?s called square dancing.Then there?s a man who tells the dancers what they should do.He usually makes it into a song. He sings it while they dance.Rosa: Stev e:Rosa: Stev e: Oh, that should make the dances easy!Yes, but they are very fast. They don?t have much time to think. I like to watch them,though. The dancers wear old-fashioned clothes. That makes the dances pretty to watch.I?d like to watch a group dance.I?ll take you sometime.Task 4【答案】1)I t was a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2)T hey burned the picture of their kitchen god to bring good luck.3)T he custom said the brides must wear “something old, something new,something borrowed, and something blue ”to bring good luck.4)Because they could not eat meat, eggs or dairy products during Lent,so they tried to use up these things before Lent began.5)It was a straw man made by children in Czech; it was a figure of death.6)People brought their animals to church. And before the animals went into thechurch peopledressed them up in flowers and ribbons.【原文】1) On the evening of February 3rd, people in Japanese families took onedried bean for each year of their age and threw the beans on the floor, shouting "Good luck in! Evil spirits out!" This was known as "Setsubun", a time to celebrate the end of winter and the beginning of spring.2) Before the Chinese Lunar New Year in the old days, many Chinese families burned the pictureof their kitchen god to bring good luck. When Lunar New Year's Day came, they put ancwpicture of the kitchen god on the wall.3)W hen American women got married, they sometimes followed an oldcustom in choosing what to wear on their wedding day. The customsaid the bride must wear "something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue". This was to bring good luck.4)B efore Lent (a time on the Christian calendar), the people of Ponti, Italyate an omelet made with 1,000 eggs. People could not eat meat, eggs ordairy products during Lent, so they tried touse up these things before Lent began.5)W hen winter ended in Czech, the children made a straw man called "Smrt", which was a figure of death. They burned it or threw it in the river. After they destroyed it, they carried flowers home to show the arrival of spring.6)J anuary 17th was St. Anthony's Day in Mexico. It was a day when people brought their animals to church. But before the animals went into the church, the people dressed them up in flowers and ribbons. This ceremony was to protect people's animals.Tas k 5【答案】A.1) F 2)T3)F4)T5)F6)T7) TB.AdvantagesLots of servants to do the work beautiful clothes to wearlots of tea partieslife being slowerplenty of time to talk to each other DisadvantagesTerrible life for servantsvery uncomfortableclothesboring and formal teaparties—being invitedmuch more illnesschildren left withservants all dayvery poor educationno freedom for womenoften no men【原文】Man: Well, I think life used to be much more fun than it is now. I mean, look at the Victorians. They had lots of servants to do all the work;they never had to do any cooking or cleaning; they just wore thosebeautiful dresses and went to tea parties.Woman: You must be joking! Their clothes were terribly uncomfortable and their tea parties were very formal and boring. They used to weartheir hats and long gloves even when they were eating cakes andbiscuits. And men were not usually invited.Man: Really? Weren't they?Woman: And think of the poor servants. What a terrible life — justcleaning and cooking for other people all the time!Man: But you hate housework!Woman: Yes, I know, but there are lots of machines now to help youwith the housework. People don't need servants.Man: Maybe they don't, but life then was much slower than it is now-people nowadays are always rushing, and they never have time tostop and enjoy themselves.Woman: Life then was fine for the rich, but it was dreadful for the poor.There was much more illness. They didn't have the money to paydoctors, and they often used to die of illnesses that don't exist inEngland now.Man: Maybe. But people used to talk to each other, play the piano or play cards together.Nowadays people just sit in front of the television for hours and never talk to each other.Woman: I agree with you about television; but what about their children?They left their Children with the servants all day. Children hardlyever saw their parents! And the clothes they hadto wear! Horrible, tight, uncomfortable, grown-up clothes.Children have a much better life now than they used to, and schools and education are much better too.Man: I hate school.Woman: And look at opportunities for women. In those days, women used to stay at home, play the piano, change their clothesseveral timesa day and have tea parties. What a life! They didn't have anyfreedom at all. I'm very happy living now. I can work, have a career,do what I want to.Man: You mean you can work hard all your life like a Victorian servant. Woman: Life isn't all tea parties, you know.Task 6【答案】A.1) b 2) a 3) c 4) aB.1)f amily unit; process; change; used to be; the extended; the nuclear2)j ob patterns; progressed; agricultural; industrial; forced; job opportunities; split up3)t raditional; family; expanded; other living arrangementsC.1)mother, father, children, and some other relatives, such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby2)only the parents and the children3)previously married men and women marry again and combine the childrenfrom formermarriages into a new family【原文】The American family unit is in the process of change. There used to be mainly two types of families: the extended and the nuclear. The extendedfamily most often included mother, father, children, andsome otherrelatives, such as grandparents, living in the same house or nearby. Then as job patterns changed and the economy progressed from agricultural to industrial, people were forced to move to different parts of the country for job opportunities. These moves split up the extended family. The nuclear family became more prevalent; this consisted of only the parents and the children. Now besides these two types of traditional groupings, the word "family" is being expanded to include a variety of other living arrangements.Today's family can be made up of diverse combinations. With the divorce rate nearly one in two, there is an increase in single parent homes: a father or mother living with one or more children. "Blended families" occur when previously married men and women marry again and combine the children from former marriages into a new family. On the other hand, some couples are deciding not to have any children at all, so there is an increase in childless families. There are also more people who live alone: single, widowed, divorced. Now one in five Americans lives alone.Task 7【答案】A.Men Women Bot hStudy subjects like history or English √Study engineering √Go to university to get good jobs √Look for a good job because they want agood husband √Look for a good job because they want to besuccessful √Work for a lifetime √Work up to ten year s √Get married by twenty-seven √Cook the meals √Look after the children √Go out for a drink after work √Come home by four o'clock in the afternoon √B.1) c 2) c 3) a 4) b 5) c 6) c 7) c【原文】In Japan both men and women go to university and both men and womenstudy the arts suchas history or English. But very few women study science, medicine or engineering. In engineering classes of thirty or forty students, there may beonly one or two women. Men and women both go to university in order toget good jobs: men want to work for a big company, be successful, earn alot of money and support a family; women, on the other hand, want to workfor a big company because they have a better chance of meeting asuccessful man and getting married. This is changing, however, asJapanese women begin to think about their own careers. They have beganto take jobs which they like rather than jobs in order to find a husband.Men work for their whole lives and usually stay with the same company. Awoman may workup to ten years, but after that she usually gets married. Most women aremarried by the age oftwenty seven, then they stay at home and look after the children. A man does not cook or lookafter the children. When he comes home, his meal must be ready. The woman may go out in the afternoon, shopping with her friends or havinga chat, but she must go back home by four o'clock to prepare the meal.Then she may have to wait a long time for her husband to come home.Often he has to go out for a drink after work: if he doesn't he may notrise very high in the company.After her children grow up, a woman can go back to work, but it is not easy.If her former company takes older women back, she might be lucky. Butmost women find it difficult to find ajob when they are older.Task 8【答案】A.1) a 2) c 3) b 4) c 5) c 6) b 7) c 8) bB.1) T 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) F 9) T 10) F【原文】Matthew: Geth, how do people set about getting married in England?Geth: I suppose the most common way is still for people to go home. For example, people wholive in London now will go back to their homes in the provinces where they'll meet alltheir relatives and their parents, and they'll get married in a church,with the bride wearing white, the traditional white. Then they'll gooff and have a booze-up with their relatives and friends and a jollygood time will be had by all. Otherwise you can get married in aregistry office, which means you turn up with your bride-to-be orbridegroom-to-be with two witnesses only. The ceremony takesabout five minutes, I suppose. You sign the form and that's it.Matthew: There are many today who say that marriage is a complete waste of time. What's yourview of marriage in the twentieth century?Goth: Well, I live in London as you know. I think in London, the tendency is to...for a... boyand girl, man or woman to live together before marriage and oftento live together without any prospect of marriage at all. Ithink thisprobably is... is true of London andthe other big cities than elsewhere, because after all people inLondon are living in a big place where home ties are obviouslyless restrictive. They can do more or less as they please and I think this is the pattern.Matthew: But do you think it helps for people to live together before taking their vows?Geth: I think in a sense the habit of living together before marriage may, in a strange sort ofway, make marriage stronger, because after all the people will know eachother betterwhen they do get married and it might be that divorce would be lesssuggested likelybetween such a couple.Matthew: Sue, you've been married for two or three years now. How's it working out?Sue: I think it's a successful marriage. It's...I mean, it's difficult to say why, because webasically suit each other very much. We have a good friendship, apart from anythingelse, and, you know, we just go together very well because we respect each other'sfreedom and individuality, but on the other hand we really need each other, you know,it's...Matthew: What about.., have you thought of having children?Sue: Well, obviously, like most young couples, we have thoughtabout it, but, you know, we both feel rather, sort of, loath to loseour freedom just yet. I think we'll probably wait another few years.Matthew: Is it easy in England today to people to get divorced, or is that quite difficult?Chris: I think technically it's probably fairly easy, I think, because I'm not English but, I think technically it's fairly easy to be... to get divorced.But it's not just the technicality of it which is the problem. Divorceis... is a social stigma which people can probably Cope with tovarying degrees, but it's also a lot easier for the man because thewoman, after she is divorced is, in fact, frowned upon by... by a lot ofpeople in society. She is... is... at a...a much more difficult social position in terms of... of meeting othermen, or whatever, simply because she is a divorcee.Task 9【原文】Social customs and ways of behaving change. But they do not necessarily always change for the better. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man tosmoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in the room.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable — especially if they are your guests. There is a story about a rich nobleman who had a very formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. Other guests were amused or shocked, but the nobleman calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.。
朗文国际英语教程听力文本5篇
朗文国际英语教程听力文本5篇第一篇:朗文国际英语教程听力文本Book1 Chapter1Page1 Vocabulary Preview1.alphabetA aB bC cD dE eF fG gH hI iJ jK k L l M m N n O o P p Q q R r S s T tU u V v W w X x Y y Z z2.numbers0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 104.address5.telephone number=phone numberM:What's your name?W:My name is Maria.M:What's your address?W:My address is 235 Main Street.M:What's your phone number?W:My phone number is 741-8906.M:Where are you from?W:I'm from Mexico City.Page 3 How do you say it?Meeting peopleM:Hello,my name is Peter Lewis.W:Hi, I'm Nancy Lee.Nice to meet you.Page 2 What's your name? listen M:Nice to meet you, too.Page 4What's your name?M:My name is David Carder.I'm American.I'm from San Francisco.W:My name is Mrs.Grant.My phone number is 549-2376.W:My name is Ms Martinez.My telephone number is(213)694-5555.My Fax number is(213)694-5557.M:My name is Peter Black.My address is 378 Main Street, Waterville,Florida.Mylicense number is 921DCG.W:My name is Susan Miller.My apartment number is 4-B.M:My name is Mr.Santini.My e-mail address is ***********************.M:My name is William Chen.My address is 294 River Street, Brooklyn, New York.My telephone number is 469-7750.My social security number is 044-35-9862.Page5 LISTENING1.a.Mary Blackb.Mrs.Grant2.a.265 River Streetb.265 Main Street3.a.5-Cb.9-D4.a.295-4870b.259-40875.a.032-98-6175b.032-89-6179******************************************INTERVIEW Spelling NameWhat’s y our last name?KellyHow do you spell that?K-E-L-L-Y.What’s your first name?Sarah.How do you spell that?S-A-R-A-H.P6 PRONUNCIATION Linked SoundsListen Then say it.My name is Maria.My address is 10 Main Street.My apartment number is 3B.Say it.Then listen.My name is David.My address is 9 River Street.My phone number is 941-2238. 第二篇:朗文国际英语教程《朗文国际英语教程》(Side by Side)是一套面向青少年学生的初级至中高级英语教材。
朗文英语听说教程二听力 PDF
Unit1Slang:Talking CoolT EACHER:OK,let's get started...Today we're going to be looking at a really interesting phenomenon,slang.We'll be looking at where slang comes from,who uses it and why.We all use it more often than you might think—every day of our lives,in fact. And we use it for a reason.You know,most of us are fascinated with slang.We continually hear new words and phrases enter the language and replace old,and we see familiar words take on new meanings.We feel a need to keep in touch with these changes,to be aware of the latest street talk.Fact is,we love slang.But what is it exactly?What is slang?Anyone like to suggest a definition?S TUDENT1:Isn't it basically kind of casual talk?TEACHER:Can you say a bit more?STUDENT1:You know,the sort of words we use with friends...in relaxed situations. TEACHER:Good.You're pretty much there with your idea of casual language.We can say that slang is language that's found only in the very informal speech of particular groups of people.It can help to identify the communities,the groups of people,who use it.And this brings me to the first important point of the lecture—why people use slang.A lot of slang comes from not wanting to be understood by outsiders,people outside your circle.In other words,people exploit slang to give their group an identity,by making their language exclusive,or at least private.Through this private language,they can tease one another,enjoy shared experiences,and keep everyone else at a distance. All cultures contain groups or subcultures with different interests and priorities,and each group tries to establish a separate identity.They want people to know who they are, what they stand for—and slang helps to construct and cement that identity.We can say, then,that slang reflects the experiences,beliefs,and values of its speakers.Now let's look more closely at this relationship between slang and community,slang and identity.A nice example of this is,uh,student language,sometimes called "youth-speak."Young people use a lot of slang,and many of the words they use are used by both sexes,often metaphorically rather than literally.That is to say,the conventional meaning of the words change.For example,words that have traditionally had strong negative literal meanings that are used as insults have taken on,uh,gentler, and in many cases even positive meanings in conversation.We'll look at some examples later.Now,if you ask college students why they use slang,they'll tell you it's cool,and that's true in several different ways.First,it's cool because it's in style,in ing current slang shows that the speaker is in tune with the times...you know,that he or she knows what's in fashion and is pan of that fashion.Second,slang is cool in the sense of showing that the speaker is knowledgeable...the speaker is"in the know,"the speaker knows when slang is acceptable.People don't use slang all the time,only in situations and with people who accept the use of slang—a point I'll return to later.Research tells us that although young people often deny that they use slang intentionally,in fact they clearly choose whether or not to use it depending on the situation they're in.As we've already said,slang's typically used in informal rather than formal settings,and this is certainly true among college students: They usually avoid using it in the class-room or a work environment,for example. Anyone like to suggest why?S TUDENT1:People won't understand them.STUDENT2:Yeah,so it's like a waste of time.TEACHER:Well,that may be true,but it's not the main reason.They don't use it simply because it could make them look bad.And everyone hates looking bad,right?So,to review,we've said that students use slang only in certain situations.But they also only use it with certain people,usually friends.When they use slang,they are showing that they share social and emotional experiences—so slang reinforces their relationships.But...it also gives special meaning to what they say.For instance,to say "That party was the bomb"is more than merely saying it was a very good party.It shares an emotional experience that might otherwise take several sentences to explain.In other words,it's a kind of...shorthand.The third and final way slang's cool is that it's fun;it's very creative in the same way that poetry is,and it's often humorous.In other words,it's a form of play,a way of entertaining.So...uh,let me repeat:I've said that slang's cool for three reasons:One,it shows the user's fashionable and in tune with the times;two,it's a way of reinforcing relationships and communicating efficiently;and three,it's fun and entertaining.Got that?All right then,let's now take a look at different kinds of slang,in particular three types of slang words:those that are currently most used,those that linger year after year,and those that have become unfashionable.So...now what is the most used slang?Well,research tells us that over the past few years,in the number one position is"dope,"which basically means very good,great,excellent,attractive,or nice.So somebody might say,for example,that his friend's new motorbike is really dope;in other words,it's very good.Other words that feature in the top twenty include"chill out"(to calm down or relax),"the bomb"(meaning the best or most excellent),"whack"(which means bad,unfair,crazy,or foolish),and"dude" (meaning person—usually a man,actually).Any other examples?Yes?S TUDENT1:Hella.T EACHER:Meaning?S TUDENT1:Very,a lot.T EACHER:OK,yep.Luis?STUDENT3:"Kick it,"which means,like,to hang out,uh,relax,you know,sit around doing nothing.TEACHER:Right.And it's interesting,isn't it,how most slang terms indicate approval or disapproval;they show what we feel positive or negative about.So,like"dope"and "the bomb,"we have"sweet,""phat"—spelled P-H-A-T,not F-A-T—"cool,"and "tight"—all meaning good,excellent,nice,or attractive.And then you have words like"bad"which really mean good;so"That new CD is bad" actually means it's good!So you see,slang does strange things with language.Like I said earlier,it's certainly creative.As a matter of fact,some slang words have many different meanings,sometimes as many as nine or ten.For instance,the word"trip"or"tripping" has various meanings,but they all reflect the idea of unusual,strange,or extreme.When a word's used a lot or has a number of different meanings like this,we sometimes say it "works hard."The word"trip,"then,is a word that works hard.Uh...now,the second type of slang consists of words that linger from decade to decade and never seem to go out of fashion—and these words also work hard,that is, they have a lot of meanings.A great example is the word cool—forever popular,it seems!Other terms in this category are"nerd,""cheesy,""chick,""the man,""toasted," "wasted,""what's up,""blow away,"and"gross."And once again,most of these show approval or disapproval.And...now,finally,there are slang terms that come and go;they disappear almost as quickly as they appear.Examples include"gimme five,""how's it hanging,"and"core." Words like these often disappear because they're closely associated with famous personalities who similarly come and go—they're popular,in the spotlight for a while, and then seem almost to disappear.And when they disappear,the slang associated with them tends to disappear as well.Now,today,public tolerance of slang is at an all-time high—just look at how widely it's used in newspapers.But how do college teachers and academics view slang?Well, some persist with the idea that its use will degrade...uh,you might even say"pollute" academic discourse.However,among themselves students tolerate words their teachersmight consider taboo.Students are actually very good at code-switching;that is,they're very good at using different styles or codes of communication in different situations.Do you agree?Do you use slang in your essays or when you speak with a teacher? STUDENT3:Personally I never use slang in essays.It just doesn't feel right.It's true, you know,most students know when to use slang,and when not to.STUDENT2:I agree.I sometimes use it with teachers,though;it just depends on who the teacher is.TEACHER:Why,I imagine most people do the same.Here's something you may find surprising:A recent study on student conversation suggests that students don't in fact use slang that often but instead they choose more ordinary colloquial vocabulary.OK,to finish up,now let me say something about the history of slang.Many years ago, slang was closely associated with underground,criminal organizations,groups that deviate from mainstream society...uh...with notions of outcasts and socially unacceptable behaviors.A look back in time shows,for example,that in the seventeenth century more than twenty words were used to refer to vagrants,that is,to someone who has no home or job.Today,of course,these associations are much weaker and slang's used much more widely.As underground culture has become more mainstream,there's not the same need for the kind of secret code that slang offered.Today,most of us use slang and aren't ashamed of using it.It may still have negative connotations,but like it or not it's here to stay,and increasingly it's become the subject of serious academic study. And why not?As I've tried to show,it's a fascinating social as well as linguistic phenomenon.So,any questions?...Unit2Murphy's LawTEACHER:Good afternoon,everyone.More than200years ago,the Scottish poet Robert Burns said that"the best laid plans of mice and men often go awry."I'm sure we all have firsthand experience with what Burns means;no matter how carefully we plan a project and no matter how carefully we try to,uh,anticipate problems,we're likely to,uh encounter something unexpected and unwelcome that will throw our plan off course. Well,class today we'll be looking at how plans can go right or wrong...and,uh,how we can make sense of this.Are you all familiar with Murphy's Law?Well,according to Murphy's Law,anything that can go wrong will go wrong.So we'll be looking at everyday examples of Murphy's Law—uh,things like why toast falls buttered-side down, why it always seems like we choose slow lines at the supermarket,and why it is so difficult to win when we gamble.As you may know,we now have many different versions of Murphy's Law,and today I'd like to look at the science behind three of them.I'll try to show you that some thingswhich have happened to you,and which you may have thought were simply bad luck, had nothing to do with luck at all.What I'm saying is that there are some very good scientific reasons for many of the things that happen to us,and we're not victims of bad luck as often as we might think.When we consider some basic science and probability theory,we can more clearly understand why some"bad"things happen the way they do. All right.Let's begin with a very commonplace situation.Let's say you've just gotten up. You're still sleepy,and you make your way to the breakfast table.In your half-awake state,you accidentally hit your piece of toast,which has butter on one side.The toast begins to fall to the floor.Now what are the chances that you'll be lucky and the toast will land buttered-side up?Well,the toast has only two sides,so most people think that the answer is fifty-fifty.Fifty percent.Right?Do you think that there's a50percent chance that the toast will land with the buttered-side up?STUDENT1:Well,this sounds like a trick question,but,uh,yeah.Logically,50percent sounds about right.TEACHER:Yes,50percent does seem right,but,in this case,Murphy's Law of Falling Toast says:"Toast which falls from a table will land buttered-side down."Actually,the probability of this happening is extremely high.It's close to100percent.Now,here's why.When something like a piece of toast falls from a table,its behavior is not random. The rate of spin is controlled by the laws of physics.This is the problem.The rate of spin, that is,how fast the toast spins,is too low for the toast to make a complete revolution.It's too slow to turn completely around and hit the floor buttered-side up.The rate of spin is determined by the force of gravity.So in a very real sense,the laws of physics,and specifically the rate of spin,make sure that our toast lands buttered-side down almost all the time.So the point is that simple probabilities—for example,the probability that toast has a fifty-fifty chance of landing buttered-side up—can be greatly affected by other more fundamental factors,such as the laws of physics.So,in this case,we believe that we have bad luck because we don't understand that the natural laws of physics are in effect.The toast should land buttered-side down.OK?Let's look at the next point.Now we come to one of my most frustrating situations in life—the supermarket line.In this case,Murphy's Law of Supermarket Lines says:"The line next to you will move faster than yours."Now everybody wants to get into the fastest line when they go to the supermarket,right?OK,so let's say that you're at your local supermarket and there are five lines,but each of the five lines looks pretty much equal in length.Now,of course, you want to try to anticipate which one of the five lines will move the fastest.Well,this is where simple probability theory enters the picture.The chances that you have chosen the fastest of the five lines is one divided by the number of lines,which is five in this case.So mathematically,the formula is one divided by N where N is the total number of lines.So in this example,one divided by five gives us what?STUDENT2:One divided by five is one-fifth or...uh...20percent.TEACHER:Right.Twenty percent.There's only a20percent chance that we have chosen the fastest of the five lines.Now even if we reduce that to three lines,our line and the lines on each side of us,the chances we've chosen the fastest line are still only what?S TUDENT2:Uh,33percent.One out of three.TEACHER:Sure.One divided by three is33percent,so it's not just your imagination that one line near you almost always moves faster than yours.Simple probability theory shows that the odds are against you.If there are very many lines,the chances that you'll choose the fastest one is quite low.So,you see,it has little to do with luck,but w e perceive that it does.All right.Now let's look at a final situation that shows how we commonly misunderstand the laws of probability.We've come to Murphy's Law of Gambling that says simply:"You will lose."Now in the case of the supermarket lines that we've just talked about,probability theory applied very nicely.And actually,as we go through life, most things are fairly predictable because they follow the basic laws of probability. Weather is an example.Let's say that it's been raining for a week,and a friend says to you"I think it's going to be sunny tomorrow."Is that an unreasonable statement?Well, no.Clouds move,and they are of limited size,so if it's been raining for a week,it's likely that the rain and clouds will end soon.In other words,the next sunny day is more likely to occur after the seventh day of rain than after the first,because the storm front has what is called a life history.Now this is important,so let me explain that term.Events with a life history have changing probabilities of certain events occurring over time.For instance,uh,if you plant flower seeds,you can predict with reasonable accuracy when the plants will come up,when they will bloom,and how long they will bloom.For instance,with some types of flowers,there's a90percent chance that they will come up fifteen to twenty days after the seeds have been planted.In short,the growth of a flower follows a clear predictable pattern,and we call this pattern a life history.But this is the trick with many gambling games.The casino owners want us to believe that dice also have a life history and that we can therefore estimate the probability of events related to the dice.However,gambling devices like dice are different because they don't have life histories.Now...what do you think that means?STUDENT1:There aren't any reliable patterns?Um,just because I rolled a seven last time doesn't tell me anything about the next roll.TEACHER:Right.You can't look at the past rolls of the dice and predict what the next roll will be.Now many people,especially gamblers,think that they can,but this is what's called the gambler's fallacy.The gambler's fallacy is expecting to roll a seven with a pair of dice because a seven hasn't come up recently.So,in other words,there's a widespread belief among gamblers that dice have a life history.In thereal world,that's not a bad way to reason,but in a casino,it's the path to financial loss. Dice have no memory,no life history.Now you can predict that if you roll one dice many,many times,the number five will come up about16percent of the time.That's one divided by six.But that's not what we're concerned with here.We're concerned with the next roll of the dice.As a result,the element of arbitrariness or randomness makes prediction of the next roll impossible.Statisticians who work with probability theory call the roll of a pair of dice a single-event probability,and many of these same statisticians believe that the probability of a single event can't even be computed mathematically.So, the same probability theory that works well with supermarket lines won't help you win a million dollars in a dice game in Las Vegas.It could,in fact,lead to a catastrophe!So,to sum up,we have looked at three cases involving Murphy's Law and our perception of"bad luck."The first case was the toast,right?Our toast lands buttered-side down far more often than we would predict because the basic laws of physics have a strong effect on normal probabilities.The second case was the supermarket line, remember?Another line moves faster than ours because the laws of probability are behaving normally,even though we might perceive them as behaving unfairly.And the third case was the dice game.People lose at gambling games like dice because the laws of"life history probability"simply don't apply in those situations,even though gamblers think they do.So,as you can see,in some cases,Murphy's Law is not just some form of bad luck. There are some very real,scientific explanations for these events.OK,that's about it for today.For next class I'd like you to take a look at Chapter7and be ready to talk about the discussion questions on page255.See you then.Unit3Types of MemoryTEACHER:Good morning everyone.Um...today,I have the pleasure of introducing you to the basics of what I think is one of the most fascinating topics in the field of psychology—memory.What is memory?How does memory work?The research in this field is fascinating and dates back to the late1800s,so it's been going on for more than a century.I'll begin today by saying a few things about three types of memory that we all have,and then we'll look at how memory is measured.All right.First of all,let's begin by looking at types of memory.One of the most common ways to classify memory is based on time...based on time and duration of use.So typically,memory is divided into three types:sensory memory,working memory (which is also referred to as short-term memory),and long-term memory.Again,that's sensory memory,working memory,and long-term memory.Let's talk about sensory memory for a minute.Sensory memory holds information for only an instant,say,less than half a second.This is just long enough to register an impression on one or more of our five senses—sight,hearing,touch,smell,or taste.Let me give you an example of aphenomenon concerning visual sensory memory that I'm sure you've all experienced. Imagine that you're holding up a flashlight on a dark night.You start to move it in circles slowly,watching it carefully the whole time.Pretty soon you aren't just seeing the flashlight...you can see a full circle of light!Of course,it's actually just one point of light being moved around,but your memory of the visual sensation of the light fills in the rest of the circle.That's one example of sensory memory.So remember,you can hold something in your sensory memory for just a fraction of a second,up to around half a second,then it fades away.Now if you want to keep the information for longer than a second,you have to put it into your working memory.Working memory,the second type of memory,allows us to hold on to things for as long as we think about them,that is,as long as we're paying attention to them.It's something like a kind of temporary storage place.Let me give you a simple math problem.Are you ready?Here goes...18plus44plus9plus19...I'll say that one more time.OK?18plus44plus9plus19....All right?...Do you all have the answer?Maya?S TUDENT1:Uh,I think it's90.Yeah,90.T EACHER:Let's see...18plus44is62...plus9is71...plus19is90.Ninety is the answer.Now,to figure out this problem,you had to use your working memory.As you did the problem,you had to continue holding the numbers in your memory until you got the final answer.If you stopped concentrating on the numbers,that is,you stopped saying them to yourself,or stopped visualizing them,you would have forgotten them and then you wouldn't have been able to solve the problem.Do you see how that works? Here's one more example of working memory involving reading.Look at the sentence: "Honey is the only natural food that is made without destroying any kind of life."It's written down in your textbook.Why,you may wonder,do we need working memory to understand such a simple sentence?Well,the answer is because working memory holds the first part of the sentence,"Honey is the only natural food..."while our eyes move on to the last part,that is,"made without destroying any kind of life."Without our working memory,we would forget the first part of the sentence before we got to the end.So reading even short or simple passages would be impossible without our working memory.OK,I think you can see how important working memory is,but our working memory is very limited,and it can only hold information temporarily.It usually lasts only one and one half to two seconds and then it begins to fade.So if working memory were all we had,we would be very limited.Essentially,working memory mediates between how we experience the environment and our long-term memory.This brings us to the third type of memory that we'll talk about today,long-term memory.Now,long-term memory is involved with information that's stored for considerable lengths of time.For example,do you remember the name of your best friend when you were ten years old?I bet you do,because this information is certainly in your long-term memory.Actually,memory that's tested after about one minute behaves in a very simi-lar way to memory tested after a day,a week,or even years,so many scientists believe that any memories more than one minute old are part of our long-term memory. Interestingly,these memories seem to change over time in the sense that we tend to add information to them.In a sense,our memories become somewhat distorted.The reason behind these changes is that our memory is designed to keep or preserve meaning,not to keep impressions or images,but to keep meaning.For example,try to remember a conversation you had yesterday with a friend.Now if you're like most people,you can't remember the exact words that you or your friend said,but you can remember the ideas that you discussed.Your memories of the points that were most important to you will be the clearest.So the essential feature of long-term memory is that it specializes in holding meaning.OK,are there any questions about that?Yes?STUDENT1:Yeah.Can you explain why we don't remember all of the details of our past conversations?TEACHER:So the question is,"Why do we forget?"Well,most experts believe that if we remembered all of the details of our past experiences,our memory system would be filled with a lot of trivial information,a lot of trivial and generally useless information. Secondly,it is conceivable that we would find it extremely difficult to sift through such a...a mass of detailed information and find the really important information that we need.Um...in other words,memory searches would proceed a lot more slowly.S TUDENT1:OK,I see.Thank you.TEACHER:OK,let's move on to ways of measuring memory.Just as we distinguished three types of memory,there are three main ways of measuring how much a person remembers.The first of these methods is called recall.You use recall many times every day.Here's what I mean....Take out a sheet of paper....OK,now look at the word list in your text:drum,band,studio,and so on....Read it silently to yourself....OK?... Have you looked at all of the words?...OK,you should be finished by now.Now,close your book.Write down the words you saw,as many as you can,on your paper....Go ahead....OK,that's a simple recall test.Now,most of you probably remembered most of the words,but not all of them.Our memories,of course,are not perfect,and of course forgetting is natural.The second method of measuring memory is recognition.OK,for this you need another piece of paper,or just turn that one over....All right.Number the page from one to eight....Now look at the word list again.OK,now close your book.I'm going to say eight words.You have to write"yes"or"no"—"yes"if the word I say was on the list, "no"if the word I say was not on the list.Ready?Here I go.1.studio.2.guitar.3.stage.4.recorder.5.wiring.6.song7.vocalist.8.drum....OK,everybody finished?The answers are1.yes,2.no,3.yes,4.no,5.yes,6.no,7.yes,and8.yes....How did you do?Anyone get all eight correct?...Good!That's what we call a recognition test.In contrast to the recall test,recognition is more receptive and doesn't require you to produce anything.For this reason,recognition is a lot easier for most of us than recall.In other words,asking yourself "Have I seen this before?"is easier than remembering everything you saw.Now the third basic method used to measure memory is relearning.Let me give you an example of a relearning test.First,you try to memorize a list of words.Then you don't look at the list for a period of time,maybe a week.If you're like most people,you won't be able to remember all of the words.After a week,you then look at the list a second time and try to relearn it.As you would guess,most people relearn information somewhat faster than they learn it the first time.By measuring the time people need to relearn information,we can calculate how much information they have stored in their long-term memories the first time.So,let's stop there for today.Uh...I hope that you'll put today's material in your long-term memory...or you're going to have a hard time with the test.See you next week.Unit4Actions Speak Louder than WordsTEACHER:OK,class,OK...let's begin.What do we mean when we say that actions speak louder than words?STUDENT1:Uh...that means we believe people's actions more than we believe their words.TEACHER:Yes,exactly right—and,uh,in a sense,actions are more important than words.That's because we usually judge speakers'intentions by the nonverbal signals they send us.And that's what our subject today's all about,nonverbal communication—how we communicate through our actions—facial expressions,eye contact,tone of voice,uh,body movement,and so on.And if any of you doubt the importance of these things,you might like to consider a couple of statistics I've got here in front of me.Some communication specialists estimate we spend about75percent of our waking hours communicating.And,more to the point,words account for only,mm, 10to30percent of that communication—the bulk's nonverbal.That's food for thought, uh?Now although people clearly understand its importance,nonverbal communication—I'll call it N.V.C.for short—is actually a rather recent field of study and owes a lot to an American anthropologist named Raymond Birdwhistle—spelled B-I-R-D-W-H-I-S-T-L-E.Easy name to remember,right?Birdwhistle began studying nonverbal communication in the1950s and,um...one of his main ideas was that the meaning of nonverbal behavior depended on the context in which it was used....Uh,it depends on the context.So,he looked at the whole context of nonverbal behavior—how and,uh,where certain types of nonverbal behavior appeared—and not just one particular behavior in isolation.Facial expressions,for example—frowns,smiles,raised eyebrows, and,uh,so on—we all use these to convey many different meanings.But those meanings are largely determined by the situations we're in and the relationships that we have with the people we're communicating with.So,the same。
朗文英语听说教程2
朗文英语听说教程2朗文英语听说教程(二)QuizUnit 1 What’s in a Name?1. a. They name them after grandparents.b. They choose names they like.c. They choose names of family friends.2. a. Boys’ namesb. Girls’ namesc. Boys’ and girls’ names3. a. Place namesb. Occupational namesc. Added names4. a. Place namesb. Added namesc. Occupational names5. Describe three ways parents choose first names for their children.6. What is the origin of the name Smith? Why does the name Smith exist in so many languages?Answer Key1. b2. a3. a4. b5. Some parents name their children after friends or family members who have died recently. Other parents pass down names from generation to generation. Others choose names because they like how they sound.6. The name Smith comes from the English word “smite,”to strike. A smith made metal tools and other things people needed for daily life. Many languages have names that mean smith because every town had a smith.Unit 2 English: A Global Language?1. a. English is not a global language.b. English is a global language.c. English is the official language.2. a. Many taxi drivers prefer English to Italian.b. Many people speak English fluently.c. Many people use English for their jobs.3. a. New Yorke rs don’t always speak English.b. New Yorkers need English for everyday purposes.c. New Yorkers need English to be successful.4. a. People need a common language for specialsituations.b. People are becoming more fluent in English.c. Pilots should be fluent in several languages.5. Give three examples to support the view that English is a global language.6. Give three examples to support the view that English is nota global language.Answer Key1. b2. c3. a4. a5. First, English is the main language of science and business. Second, many people study English because they need it for their daily lives. Third, English is used as a common language for international sporting events and meetings.6. First, many people do not use English for daily communications. Second, many people use English only for specialized job situations but don’t speak it fluently. Third, many people don’t speak English even in countries where English is the official language.Unit 3 High Anxiety: Phobias1. a. Mildb. Extremec. Normal2. a. Phobias are uncomfortable.b. Phobias are common.c. Phobias are learned.3. a. By what people fearb. By how people reactc. By the problem they cause4. a. Phobias are the problems themselves.b. Phobias are signs for deeper problems.c. Phobias are quite easy to control.5. Explain the two theories of what causes phobias. Give examples.6. How would followers of each theory differ in their treatment of patients?Answer Key1. b2. c3. a4. d5. The first theory is that a phobia is learned. For example, a woman who was bitten by a dog feels afraid whenever she seesa dog. The second theory is that a phobia is a sign of a deeper problem. For example, a man is afraid of the dark because he’s really afraid of his father, who used to make him sit in a dark room.6. Followers of both theories try to help patients change their behavior. Followers of the second theory also try to identify the patients’ deeper problems.Unit 4 TV: What We Watch1. a. It influences our work.b. It influences our clothes.c. It influences our literature.2. a. People like the universal themes.b. People are interested in culture.c. People everywhere have TVs.3. a. They identify with the characters.b. They have a lot of free time.c. They like the advertising.4. a. Create a continuing storyb. Create funny charactersc. Create character loyalty5. What does character loyalty mean? Give an example.6. If you were writing a soap opera, what themes would you include? Why?Answer Key1. b2. a3. a4. c5. Character loyalty means that viewers become very attached to the characters. They think of them as friends. For example, in the TV show “Seinfeld,” viewers get to know themain characters (Jerry, Elaine, George, and Kramer) and look forward to spending time with them.6. I would include themes such as family, love, personal struggles, money problems, marriage problems, job problems, and health problems. These are universal themes that appeal to everybody.Unit 5 Learning Differently1. a. Dyslexic students need special schools.b. Dyslexic students need teachers who can beflexible.c. Dyslexic students shouldn’t attend school.2. a. Dyslexia may cause problems at school.b. Dyslexia may be hard to treat.c. Dyslexia may be an inherited condition.3. a. They generally score well on intelligence test.b. They generally appear intelligent to their teachers.c. They generally follow directions well.4. a. To help students do better at schoolb. To build special schools for dyslexic studentsc. To use computer chips to help dyslexic children5. Summarize Dr. Levinson’s ideas on how the brain is like a TV set.6. What kind of teacher should be helpful for students with dyslexia?Answer Key1. b2. c3. a4. a5. Dr. Levinson thinks the brain is like a TV set because theyboth have many channels. People receive signals about what they see and hear. If the signal drift, people can’t tune in to the cor rect channels and don’t process information correctly.6. A teacher that would be helpful for students with dyslexia would be flexible about how to teach different subjects. The teacher would also understand the problems dyslexic children face. In addition, the teacher would try to help the students feel better about themselves.Unit 6 Immigration: Bound for the United States1. a. A permanent move to another countryb. A temporary move to another countryc. A forced move to another country2. a. Most immigrants were from Spain or France.b. Everyone was allowed to immigrate to the UnitedStates.c. Most immigrants was not voluntary.3. a. The industrial revolution in Europeb. Families and friends in the United Statesc. Jobs on farms in California4. a. Why the immigrants came to the United Statesb. What work the immigrants didc. Where the immigrants came from5. Why was the Naturalization Act of 1798 important?6. Why was the United States called a melting pot? What has replaced the idea of a melting pot?Answer Key1. a2. b3. a4. c5. The Naturalization Act of 1798 allowed government to control immigration. The act required immigrants to live in the United States for a certain number of years before they became citizens.6. The United States was called a “melting pot” because people thought immigrants should give up their traditions to create a uniform society. This was replaced with the idea of a “mixed salad.” The idea is that immigrants keep their traditions and mix together to create a strong society.Unit 7 Who’s Calling the Shots?1. a. A good manager always works very hard.b. A good manager rewards employees for theirwork.c. A good manager tells employees what to do.2. a. To give the employees a break from the officeb. To make the employees like the new managerc. To help the employees work better together3. a. So the employees understand that management isin control.b. So the employees know that management valuestheir ideas.c. So the employees understand why changes areoccurring4. a. Employee relations is important.b. Managers can make mistakes.c. Management styles often vary.5. Why has team-building become important for managers?6. Describe the three parts of Mrs. Gomez’steam-building plan.Answer Key2. c3. b4. a5. Managers now realize that employees like to feel like they are part of a team. If employees think their ideas are valued and their skills are important to the company, they will do their best work.6. First, Mrs. Gomez met with the employees to discuss the new office organization. Then, she had the employees write answers to questions about the new office organization. Finally, she planned a fun activity so they could get to know each other.Unit 8 Right and Wrong on the Net1. a. To provide guidelines for ethical computer useb. To increase the use of computers in schoolsc. To solve computer problems caused by hacking2. a. Reading a friend’s e-mailb. Using a friend’s screen namec. Downloading free software3. a. Students should use the Internet ethically.b. Students should stop using the Internet.c. Students should enforce computer ethics rules.4. a. Government laws about computer useb. School rules about computer usec. Student-made guidelines about computer use5. What is the purpose of the Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics? What are the main principles behind them?6. Explain one of the Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics. Give an example.Answer Key2. c3. a4. b5. The purpose of the Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics is to provide guidelines for ethical use of computers. The main principles behind them are that people should respect other people’s property and use resources fairly.6. According to one commandment, you should not appropriate other people’s ideas. This means you shouldn’t pretend someone else’s ideas are yours. For example, it is not ethical to download a term paper from the Internet and pretend you have written it.Unit 9 Which Way Will It Go?1. a. Global weather changesb. The loss of productive landc. Overgrazing of farm animals2. a. To emphasize that land is very expensiveb. To emphasize that people live on every continentc. To emphasize that the problem will get worse3. a. A quarterb. A thirdc. Half4. a. Fewer plants grow.b. Less rain falls.c. Fewer animals graze.5. What are the main causes of productive land loss?6. How are organizations helping countries deal with productive land loss? Give an example.Answer Key2. c3. b4. a5. The main causes of productive land loss are people’s actions. These actions include overgrazing of animals, overcutting of trees, and traditional farming methods that no longer work well.6. Organizations are trying to help countries find solutions to productive land loss. They look at both traditional methods and modern methods that respect the local culture. For example, they may suggest new irrigation systems that leave less salt in the soil.Unit 10 It’s in the DNA1. a. The existence of genesb. The complete set of human genesc. The structure of DNA2. a. Because everyone has a unique DNA sampleb. Because everyone has different health problemsc. Because everyone reacts to medicine differently3. a. Defects in these genes cause the diseases.b. Defects in these genes may cause the diseases.c. Defects in these genes prevent the diseases.4. a. It increases drug sales.b. It saves lives and money.c. It prevents genetic defects.5. How is a DNA fingerprint made? Explain the steps.6. How could employers or insurance companies use DNA testing against people?Answer Key1. c3. b4. b5. DNA testing can be used to help someone in prison in the following way. A DNA sample can be taken from the prisoner. Testing is then done. If the DNA does not match the DNA from the evidence at the crime scene, this can be used to prove that the person in prison did not commit the crime.6. Employers could use the information from DNA testing to deny people jobs or fire them if they’re at higher risk for serious diseases. Insurance companies could use the information to deny people insurance or charge them higher rates.Unit 11 Staying Healthy1. a. People have weaker immune systems.b. People are traveling more internationally.c. Environmental problems are increasing.2. a. We need to be careful in international airports.b. Travel to Europe can cause problems.c. We need to be aware of risks and take precautions.3. a. Fight diseases where we liveb. Travel to other countriesc. Develop treatments4. a. It helps to increase immunity.b. It makes the immune system work overtime.c. It helps treat some diseases.5. What is adaptive immunity? Give an example.6. How are allergies and diseases related?Answer Key1. b2. c4. a5. “Adaptive immunity” means people build up resistance to the germs where they live. As a result, they are not affected by them. For example, someone living in Tokyo has adaptive immunity to the germs in T okyo, but not to the germs in Paris.6. Allergies and diseases are both based on our immune responses. With allergies, the immune system is working too hard. With diseases, w e aren’t able to resist the cause of the disease.Unit 12 Prepare, Prepare1. a. Property damageb. Disruption of normal lifec. Loss of ocean life2. a. To prevent natural disastersb. To prepare for natural disastersc. To predict natural disasters3. a. Researching and planningb. Recovering and rebuildingc. Organizing emergency supplies4. a. Researching and planningb. Recovering and rebuildingc. Organizing emergency supplies5. What is the difference between a natural hazard anda natural disaster?6. Why is it difficult for some countries to initiate an emergency response plan?Answer Key1. c2. b3. a5. A natural hazard is a force in nature that can be dangerous. Examples include hurricanes, typhoons, and earthquakes. A natural disease is a force in nature that has caused a lot of damage. An example is a serious earthquake that causes death and property loss.6. To initiate an emergency response plan, a country needs scientific information, money, and cooperation between scientists and the government. Many countries don’t have scientific information or the money to use it. Also, governments may not warn people about a disaster because they’re not sure it will occur.朗文英语听说教程(一)QuizUnit 2 New Kinds of Food (1’:50”)1. a. Fresh foodb. Dangerous foodc. Altered food2. a. Strawberriesb. Applesc. Bananas3. a. It needs fewer pesticides.b. It grows in less space.c. It dominates the environment.4. a. It may stay fresh longer.b. It may be more expensive.c. It may be harmful to people.5. What are three benefits of genetically modified food?6. What are three risks of genetically modified food?Answer Key1. c3. a4. c5. Genetically modified food needs fewer pesticides. Genetically modified food/plants grow better than normal. In addition, they stay fresh longer after they are harvested.6. Genetically modified food/plants may dominate other plants in the environment. Also, they might hurt wild animals and insects. They might even hurt the people who eat them.Unit 3 Public Art (2’:02”)1. a. Art in museumsb. Art in people’s housesc. Art in public places2. a. Spoonbridge and Cherry (spoon and cherry)b. Non-Violence (gun in knot)c. Peace (woman on horse)3. a. Public artb. Surrealismc. Peace4. a. To make people go to museumsb. To make artists more popularc. To make public places more beautiful5. What is pop art? Give an example.6. What is surrealistic art? Give an example.Answer Key1. c2. c3. c4. c5. Pop art shows things people see in their everyday lives.Spoonbridge and Cherry, the sculpture of a large spoon with a cherry, is an example of pop art.6. Surrealistic art shows things that are strange or impossible. Non-Violence, the sculpture of a gun tied in a knot, is an example of surrealistic art.Unit 5 Violence on Television (2’:11”)1. a. Three to four hours a dayb. Three to four hours a weekc. Thirty to forty hours a week2. a. Moviesb. Cartoonsc. The news3. a. About 1,000b. About 10,000c. About 100,0004. a. TV violence is linked to real violence.b. TV violence is not harmful for children.c. TV violence is increasing in the United States.5. How did researchers study the immediate effects of TV violence on children?6. How did researchers study the long-term of TV violence on children?Answer Key1. a2. b3. c4. a5. The researchers showed children a TV show of a child hitting and kicking a doll. Then they left the children alone with a doll. The children hit and kicked the doll. This study showedthat children do what they see on TV.6. The researchers studied how much violent television some children watched at age eight. Then they studied the same children at age eighteen. The children who watched a lot of violence TV were more violent at age eighteen.Unit 6 Too Old to Learn? (2’:06”)1. a. Before the critical periodb. During the critical periodc. After the critical period2. a. Seeb. Eatc. Meow3. a. Seeb. Eatc. Sing4. a. The ability to hear soundsb. The ability to pronounce soundsc. The size of the brain5. Define critical period. Give an example.6. What is difficult for adult language learners? Why?Answer Key1. b2. a3. c4. b5. The critical period is when an animal or human can learn a new skill. For example, in humans there is a critical period for language learning.6. Adults find it difficult to pronounce sounds correctly. Therefore, they may never learn to speak a new language with anative accent.Unit 7 Are We Alone? (2’:15”)1. a. Intelligent beingsb. Other galaxiesc. Rocket ships2. a. They have received signals from other planets.b. They have seen rockets from other planets.c. They believe other planets could support life.3. a. By sending out radio signalsb. By listening for radio signalsc. By sending out rockets4. a. Radio signals travel quickly and have a short range.b. Radio signals travel quickly and have a long range.c. Radio signals travel slowly and have a long range.5. How fast do radio signals travel? How long is needed fora radio signal to travel from the nearest galaxy to earth?6. Why doesn’t the SE TI project use rockets to look for intelligent life?Answer Key1. a2. c3. b4. b5. Radio signals travel at the speed of light. A radio signal travels about four years from the nearest galaxy to earth.6. Rocket ships are restricted to traveling in one direction. And they are much slower than radio signals.Unit 8 Do the Righ t Thing (1’:55”)1. a. Do what is best for most people.b. Do what is best for everybody.c. Do what is best for yourself.2. a. Take care of other people.b. Do what is best for yourself.c. Make your own decisions.3. a. Aristotleb. Kantc. Bentham4. a. The principle of individual rightsb. The principle of individual goodc. The principle of common good5. Explain why the friend in the lecture wanted to lie to the dying woman.6. Use an ethical principle to explain how the friend can justify lying to the dying woman.Answer Key1. a2. c3. b4. c5. The friend thought spending a lot of money on an expensive funeral was a waste of money. He wanted to give the money to a school for homeless children.6. Following the principle of common good, the friend will help more people if he gives the money to the school for homeless children. The only person he might hurt is the dying woman.。
朗文小学英语教材第二册第一二单元
朗文小学英语教材第二册第一二单元朗文是全球最著名的英语教育课程体系研究机构,也是全球最权威的英语教材制定者,目前全世界正在学习朗文英语的人群高达数亿。
下面是的朗文小学英语教材第二册的第一、二单元课文,欢送阅读![00:04.99]A Look and say. Listen[00:11.34]Hi,I'm Tim.I'm a student.[00:17.29]I'm a Young pioneer.[00:21.66]I'm seven.[00:24.82]I'm in Class Two,Grade One.[00:29.99]Now say.[00:33.23]Hi,I'm Tim.[00:39.60]I'm a student.I'm a Young pioneer.[00:52.87]I'm seven.[00:58.20]I'm in Class Two,Grade one.[01:06.04]a girl a boy[01:16.49]B Say and act. Listen[01:23.04]Look,Koko.I'm Sam.I'm a boy.I'm six.[01:32.11]I'm in Class Three,Grade One.[01:37.75]Now say.[01:40.99]Look,Koko.I'm Sam.[01:48.12]I'm a boy.I'm six.[01:55.77]I'm in Class Three,Grade one.[02:03.43]C Storytime[02:07.97]Boys and girls,look at the board![02:13.15]My name's Kitty.I'm a girl.I'm eight. [02:21.09]I'm in class Four,Grade Two.[02:26.73]I'm a Young Pioneer.[02:30.70]what? Bob,it's your turn.[02:36.76]My name's Kitty.I'm a girl.I'm eight. [02:45.30]I...No,Bob,I'm a boy.I'm seven. [02:53.45]I'm in Class Three Grade one... [03:02.70]E Find and cirxle all the letters. [03:08.76]Say their names and sounds.[03:13.91]B C D E F G H I J K L M N[03:38.78]O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z[00:05.38]A Look and say. Listen[00:12.25]I'm tall.I'm short.I'm thin.[00:20.90]Now say.[00:24.37]I'm tall.I'm short.I'm thin.[00:34.12]tall short fat[00:42.97]thin big small[00:52.32]B Say and act. Listen[00:58.67]Look,pat.[01:02.04]wow,Koko!You're tall.You're thin. [01:08.81]Are you Jojo?Yes,I am.[01:14.87]Are you fafa?No,I'm not.I'm Tim. [01:22.02]Now say.[01:25.26]Look,pat.[01:28.74]wow,Koko!You're tall.You're thin.[01:36.68]Are you Jojo?Yes,I am.[01:43.65]Are you fafa?No,I'm not.I'm Tim. [01:52.80]C Sortytime[01:57.24]Good afternoon,Koko.[02:01.18]Wow!Eddy,you're tall.[02:06.54]Oh,no!This is small.I'm big![02:13.20]Help!Help!I can help you,Pat.[02:16.96]Come on,Pat.Koko you're small.[02:25.82]I'm tall.I'm big.[02:30.36]I can help you,too.[02:35.09]Thank you,Koko,Thanks,Eddy.[02:41.85]You're wele.[02:45.69]E Say the sounds and the words. Listen [02:53.35]a cat fat e bed red[03:04.82]Now say.[03:08.16]a cat fat e bed red[03:34.31]Circle the crrect picture.[03:38.38]Colour the bed Say the rhyme.[03:43.74]Look at the fat cat On the red bed. [03:50.58]G Listen do and chant[03:56.54]Listen and do[04:00.30]You're my friend (Clap,clap,clap) [04:07.43]Big or small.Short or tall.[04:12.42]You're my friend,(Clap,clap,clap) [04:16.78]Now do and chant.[04:21.54]You're my friend,(Clap,clap,clap) [04:29.40]Big or small.Short or tall. [04:34.36]You're my friend (Clap,clap,clap)。
朗文英语听力教程2Unit1What’sinaName听力原文
朗文英语听力教程2Unit1What’sinaName听力原文Unit 1 What ' s in a Name?TEACHER: Good morning, everybody. Good morning, Felipe, Monica, Theo, . . . andI can ' t rememberyour name.STUDENT 1: Patricia.TEACHER: Right, Patricia. Those are all beautiful names, and that 's our topic today —names. Names area cultural universal. This means everyone uses names. A person 's name can tell us a bit about a person 'sfamily. Today, we 'll beginby looking at first namesand how people choose namesfor their children. Andthen we' ll talk about family names, and look at the different categories of family names. Although thescope of the lecture today is English-language names, we can use the same approach, you know, to look atnames from any 's take a brief lookat first, or given, names. There are several ways parents choose the first name fortheir first way is by family history. Parents may choose a name because it is passed from generation togeneration; for example, the firstborn son might be named after his father or grandfather. Although familynames are also passed to daughters, it is usually as a middle name. Adding “junior ” or “ the second ”—forexample, William Parker the second—is only done with boys', not with girls ' second way parents choose a name is after a family member or friend who has died recently, or aftersomeone they admire, like a well-known leader or a famous musician. Although most English first namesmean something, for example, “Richard ” m eans powerful and “Ann” means grace, nowadays meaning is notthe main reason people select their baby ' s third way is to provide a “ push” for the child. Parents want to choose a namethat sounds very“ successful. ” A strong name might help them in the business world, for example. Or they might choosea name that works for either gender, like Taylor or Terry. So, given these three methods, what is the most common way parents choose a name? Many parents choose a name simply because they like it, or because it ' s fashionable or classic. Fashions in names change just as they do in clothes. One hundred years ago, many namescamefrom the Bible —namessuch as Daniel, and Anna, and Hannahand Matthew. Then, fifty years ago, Biblical names went out of fashion. Nowadays, names from the Bible are becoming popular again. Similarly, parents often choose classic names, namesthat were popular in 1900, 1950, and are still popular now. Classic names for boys include Thomas, David, Robert, and Michael. And for girls:Anna, Elizabeth, Emily, and Katherine, just to namea few. They' re classic. They never go out of 's look at the origin of last names, also called family namesor surnames. Researchers have studiedthousands of last names, and they 've divided them intofour categories. The categories are: place names, patronymics, added names, and occupational names. A recent survey showed that of the 7,000 most popular names in the United States today, 43 percent were place names, 32 percent were patronymics, 15percent were occupational names, and 9 percent were added names.The first category is place names. Place namesusually identified where a person lived or named John Hill lived near a hill, for example, and the Rivers family lived near a river. If youhear the name Emma Bridges, . . . what image do you see? Do you see a family that lives near a bridge? If you do, you get the idea.The second category is patronymics. That ' s P-A-T-R-O-N-Y-M-I-C-S. A patronymic is the father ' s name,plus an ending like S-E-N or S-O-N. The ending means that a child, a boy, is the son of his father. The namesRobertson, Petersen, and Wilson are patronymics. Robertson is son of Robert, Petersen is son of Peter, and so on. The third category is added names. Linguists sometimes call this category “nicknames, ” but whenmost of us hear the word “nickname, ”we think of a special namea friend or a parent might use. Theword“nickname” is actually an old English word that means an additional name, an added name. So I 'll use the term “ added name.” This category of last names is fun because the names usually described a , Baldwin, and Biggs are examples. Reed was from “red ” for red hair. Baldwin was someone who was bald, someone who had little or no hair. And Biggs?STUDENT 2: Someone big?TEACHER: Yeah, someone big, right. Now, if we look around the room, we could probably come up withsome new last names, like, uh, Curly or Strong.Now, the fourth category is occupational names. The origin of the family name was the person 's occupation. The most common examples of occupational names still used today are Baker (someone who bakes bread), Tailor (someone who sews clothes), Miller (someone whomakesflour for bread), and Smith. . . . Now, Smith is actually the most common name in the western English-speaking world. The name comes from an Old English word, smite, that ' s S-M-I-T-E, which means to hit orstrike. Inthe old days, a smith made metal things for daily life, like tools. Every town needed smiths. What' s interesting is that manylanguages have a family namethat means Smith. In Arabic it 's Haddad, H-A-D-D-A-D. In Spanish it 's Herrera,H-E-R-R-E-R-A. In Italian it 's Ferraro, F-E-R-R-A-R-O. Andin Germanit 's Schmidt, spelled S-C-H-M-I-D-T. All these names mean names may tell us something about someone' s family history, you need to keep in mind that they may not tell us muchat all about the present. Forexample, there 's usually not much connection between the origin of the nameand the person who has it now. Take the nameCook, for instance. A person namedCook today probably doesn't cook for a living. Also, many people change their names for various reasons.Lots of people who have moved to the United States have changed their names to sound more happens less now than in the past, but people still do it. People also use pen names or stage names to give themselves a professional advantage. For example, the writer Samuel Clemens used the pen name Mark Twain, and Thomas Mapother IV uses the stage name Tom , let ' s recap now. In today 's lesson, welooked at how parents choose English first names. We also looked at some common origins of family names. In the next class, we ' ll look at how names are givenin Korea and in Japan. This is covered in the next section of the book. That s all for today.。
朗文英语听说教程二听力原文_Unit_02
Unit 2 English: A Global Language?TEACHER: Today’s topic is English as a global language. I know many of you speak English as a second language, right? How about you, Hiroshi? Is English your first language?STUDENT l: No, my first language is Japanese. English is my second language.TEACHER: And how about you, Patricia?STUDENT 2: English is my second language, too. My first language is Spanish.TEACHER: See, many of you use English as a second language, even as a global language to communicate with other people who speak English as a second language. Today, I want to give you two contrasting points of view on whether or not English is a global language. The first is that English is obviously a global language. People who support this point of view believe English is the language people all over the world use to communicate, and that it is gradually replacing other languages. The second point of view is that English is not truly a global language, because it is not the main language spoken by most people worldwide. Supporters of this view say that even though many people speak some English worldwide, English has not replaced other languages. They acknowledge that people use English every day, for many reasons, but this doesn’t mean English is replacing other languages, nor does it make English the main language spoken in the world.First, let’s examine the first view. First of all, English is the dominant language of business, travel, and science. When people need a common language, they often use English. Think about it. English is often used at tourist information centers, in international hotels, at airports. If you use a taxi in Rome, and you can’t speak Italian, the taxi driver is more likely to use English than any other languages. It is used at business meetings and international sports events. The European Union uses English, along with French, at its meetings. . . . ASEAN, the Asian trade group, uses English at its meetings. Can you think of other situations in which English is used as a common language?STUDENT 2: How about this class? All of us are listening to you in English.TEACHER: Absolutely. Educational settings are a great example. Any others?STUDENT 2: How about a chatroom on the Internet? I sometimes go to chatrooms and everyone is using English.TEACHER: Excellent example. The Internet has created a lot of international communities and people often use English. In fact, most people who use the Internet know English. This helps support the view that English is a global language.The second major reason that people believe English is a global language is that it is the official languageof more than seventy-five countries. This means these countries use English in schools, banks, business, and government. Of these seventy-five countries, English may be the only official language of the country, like in England, or English may be used along with other official languages, like in the Philippines, Singapore, and India. In countries like India, where so many languages are spoken, you can see how using English as an official language makes it easier for people to communicate.The third reason to support the global argument is that every year about 1 billion people study English. Why? What are some of the reasons? Hiroshi? How about you?STUDENT l: Well, now to study, and someday I want to be in international business.TEACHER: That’s a solid reason. How about you, Oksana?STUDENT 3: I’m not really sure. I just think it will help me in the future somehow.TEACHER: OK. There’s a more general reason. The point is, people want and need to learn English because it offers them opportunities.To sum up, English is used every day by many people. People all over the world come in contact with each other for many reasons. They need a common language, a language to facilitate communication. Being proficient in English gives someone an advantage in these situations.OK. I have given you many examples of how English is used in a variety of situations. Nevertheless, does this mean that English is a global language?Let’s look at why some people don’t believe English has replaced other languages. First, there are about three times as many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as a first language. And in many countries where some people use English for work each day, they don’t use English anywhere else. Even in English-speaking countries, there are millions of people who prefer to speak a language other than English at home, with friends, or at work.Second, I mentioned before that seventy-five countries have English as their official language. This doesn’t mean all, or even most of the people in these countries can speak English. For example, in India, most sources agree that only about 5 percent of the population speaks English. That’s a small percentage!Third, how much English does a person need to know to be called an English speaker? People may learn some English for specific situations, such as the taxi driver I mentioned earlier. However, I think you would all agree with me that a taxi driver who knows a few phrases like “Where are you going?”or “What is the name of your hotel?” isn’t really a proficient English speaker. Another example is Airspeak, the English that is used by air traffic controllers and pilots. A pilot for Japan Airlines or an air traffic controller in Paris needs to know Airspeak. But they may learn only the English words they need for these jobs, and therefore they can’t be considered English speakers.The point here is that people all over the world may use some English for work or other situations. Nevertheless, this doesn’t mean they are fluent in English. They still use their first language for daily communication. English is not their main language.So, what does this all mean? I think it’s safe to say that English will continue to be the main language used in many international settings because, as I said earlier, people all over the world need a common language. And, for now, English is that language.But, English won’t replace other languages for most daily communication and this, to me, is what a global language really is, one that replaces others for most everyday communication. Some people are afraid of this. They worry that as people use English more and more, their ability in their first language will decline. I think people will use English along with other languages. We are moving into a global culture, and as this continues, I think people from non-English speaking countries will want to maintain their culture, including their first language. They may still want to learn English, but I don’t see them giving up their own language for English. What do you think?I’m going to stop there. I know that’s a lot of information to digest. We’ll continue talking about some of the differences in the English words used in various countries like Australia, Singapore, and the Philippines. That’s all for today. Come see me if you have any questions.。
Oxford English Book 2B Module 2 Unit 1听力文字
Oxford English Book 2B Module 2 Unit 1听力文字一、选出你听到的字母组或者单词(8%)1. qrp2. JHG3. szx4. What’s in your hand? A pencil.5. What do you hear? I hear a bus.6. Write, write. Write with me.7. I hear a ship.8. I can ride a bicycle. How cool!9. Is that a kite? Yes, it’s a butterfly kite.10. Open the box and see.二、选出你听到的句子(10%)1. A. What can she see?2. B. I can see a peach.3. A. Do you like sing?4. B. Do you like skating?5. B. I don’t like singing and dancing.三、听录音,判断下列图片是否与听到的内容一致,用“T”表示一致,用“F”表示不一致。
(10%)1. Do you like skating? Yes, I do.2. He likes drawing very much.3. I like flying a kite in the park.4. What can she do? She can sing.5. Does the cat like eating? Yes, look. It is very fat.四、听录音,选择正确的应答句,将答案的序号填入括号内。
(10%)1, Do you like drawing? 2. Do you like hopping? 3. Who is she?4. Let’s go skipping.5. Is it rough?五、听录音,判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致,一致的用“T”表示,不一致的用“F”表示:(5分)Hello, I am Alice. I am thin and tall. I have a new bicycle. It is green. It is nice. I like it very much. And I like riding my bicycle in the park. My friend Peter doesn’t like riding a bicycle. He has a nice skateboard. He likes skating very much.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
Unit 1 What’s in a Name?TEACHER: Good morning, everybody. Good morning, Felipe, Monica, Theo, . . . and I can’t rememberyour name.STUDENT 1: Patricia.TEACHER: Right, Patricia. Those are all beautiful names, and that’s our topic today—names. Names area cultural universal. This means everyone uses names. A person’s name can tell us a bit about a person’sfamily. Today, we’ll begin by looking at first names and how people choose names for their children. Andthen we’ll talk about family names, and look at the different categories of family names. Although thescope of the lecture today is English-language names, we can use the same approach, you know, to look atnames from any ’s take a brief look at first, or given, names. There are several ways parents choose the first name fortheir first way is by family history. Parents may choose a name because it is passed from generation togeneration; for example, the firstborn son might be named after his father or grandfather. Although familynames are also passed to daughters, it is usually as a middle name. Adding “junior” or “the second”—forexample, William Parker the second—is only done with boys’, not with girls’second way parents choose a name is after a family member or friend who has died recently, or aftersomeone they admire, like a well-known leader or a famous musician. Although most English first namesmean something, for example, “Richard” means powerful and “Ann” means grace, nowadays meaning is not the main reason people select their baby’s third way is to provide a “push” for the child. Parents want to choose a name that sounds very“successful.” A strongname might help them in the business world, for example. Or they might choose a name that works for either gender, like Taylor or Terry. So, given these three methods, what is the most common way parents choose a name? Many parents choose a name simply because they like it, or because it’s fashionable or classic. Fashions in names change just as they do in clothes. One hundred years ago, many names came from the Bible—names such as Daniel, and Anna, and Hannah and Matthew. Then, fifty years ago, Biblical names went out of fashion. Nowadays, names from the Bible are becoming popular again. Similarly, parents often choose classic names, names that were popular in 1900, 1950, and are still popular now. Classic names for boys include Thomas, David, Robert, and Michael. And for girls:Anna, Elizabeth, Emily, and Katherine, just to name a few. They’re classic. They never go out of ’s look at the origin of last names, also called family names or surnames. Researchers have studiedthousands of last names, and they’ve divided them into four categories. The categories are: place names, patronymics, added names, and occupational names. A recent survey showed that of the 7,000 most popular names in the United States today, 43 percent were place names, 32 percent were patronymics, 15percent were occupational names, and 9 percent were added names. The first category is place names. Place names usually identified where a person lived or named John Hill lived near a hill, for example, and the Rivers family lived near a river. If you hear the name Emma Bridges, . . . what image do you see? Do you see a family that lives near a bridge? If you do, you get the idea. The second category is patronymics. That’s P-A-T-R-O-N-Y-M-I-C-S. A patronymic is the father’s name,plus an ending like S-E-N or S-O-N. The ending means that a child, a boy, is the son of his father. The names Robertson, Petersen, and Wilson are patronymics. Robertson is son of Robert, Petersen is son of Peter, and soon.The third category is added names. Linguists sometimes call this category “nicknames,” but when most of us hear the word “nickname,” we think of a special name a friend or a parent might use. The word“nickname” is actually an old English word that means an additional name, an added name. So I’ll use the term “added name.” This category of last names is fun because the names usually described a , Baldwin, and Biggs are examples. Reed was from “red” for red hair. Baldwin was someone who was bald, someone who had little or no hair. And Biggs? STUDENT 2: Someone big?TEACHER: Yeah, someone big, right. Now, if we look around the room, we could probably come up withsome new last names, like, uh, Curly or Strong.Now, the fourth category is occupational names. The origin of the family name was theperson’s occupation. The most common examples of occupational names still used today are Baker (someone who bakes bread), Tailor (someone who sews clothes), Miller (someone who makes flour for bread), and Smith. . . . Now, Smith is actually the most common name in the western English-speaking world. The name comes from an Old English word, smite, that’s S-M-I-T-E, which means to hit or strike. In the old days, a smith made metal things for daily life, like tools. Every town needed smiths. What’s interesting is that many languages have a family name that means Smith. In Arabic it’s Haddad, H-A-D-D-A-D. In Spanish it’s Herrera, H-E-R-R-E-R-A. In Italian it’s Ferraro, F-E-R-R-A-R-O. And in German it’s Schmidt, spelled S-C-H-M-I-D-T. All these names mean names may tell us something about someone’s family history, you need to keep in mind that they may not tell us much at all about the present. For example, there’s usually not much connectionbetween the origin of the name and the person who has it now. Take the name Cook, for instance. A person named Cook today probably doesn’t cook for a living. Also, many people change their names for various reasons.Lots of people who have moved to the United States have changed their names to sound more happens less now than in the past, but people still do it. People also use pen names or stage names to give themselves a professional advantage. For example, the writer Samuel Clemens used the pen name Mark Twain, and Thomas Mapother IV uses the stage name Tom , let’s recap now. In today’s lesson, we looked at how parents choose English first names. We also looked at some common origins of family names. In the next class, we’ll look at how names are given in Korea and in Japan. This is covered in the next section of the book. That’s all for today.。