三大从句及虚拟语气综合练习及答案

三大从句及虚拟语气综合练习
一、单句语法填空
1．Life is like a long race ________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
解析：where [先行词为race，代入定语从句则为：we compete with others to go beyond ourselves in the long race.明显可见，in the long race在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。

]
2．Tom's best memory is of last year，________ the club gave a dancing party for his birthday.
解析：when [先行词是last year，带入从句后作时间状语，故从句用关系副词引导。

] 3．Recently，we have seen the film you mentioned，the figures of ________ are used in many restaurants to attract consumers.
解析：which [根据句意可推知从句想表达“此影片的许多人物被多家餐厅引用来吸引消费者”。

先行词为the film，指物，且空处位于介词of后，故填which引导非限制性定语从句。

]
4．On Sundays there were many children playing in the park, ________ parents were seated together joking.
解析：whose [本空填whose，引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作定语。

]
5．This is Mr.Smith，________ I think has something interesting to tell you.
解析：who [非限制性定语从句修饰前面指人的先行词Mr.Smith，且定语从句中缺少主语，故用who引导。

]
6．At the beginning of the new term，my teacher said ________ broke the rules would be punished.
解析：whoever [这里whoever引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语，意为“无论是谁”。

] 7．I am afraid she's more of a talker than a doer，which is ________ she never finishes anything.
解析：why [which引导非限制性定语从句，其中“...she never finishes anything.”为表语从句，且表原因，故此表语从句用why引导。

]
8．It is obvious to the refugees ________ they should get well prepared to evacuate.
解析：that [本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面由that引导的从句。

]
9．The mystery is ________ he ever went there or not.
解析：whether [is后的表语从句中成分齐全，空格处意为“是否”，且由句末的or not可知用whether。

]
10．I have no idea ________ you're talking about—can you explain it please?
解析：what [idea后为同位语从句，该从句中的talking about后缺少宾语，且意为“……的事情”，故用what引导。

]
11．(2019·江苏镇江模拟)We thought that, we were in the area, we'd
stop by and see the places of interest.
since[句意：我们认为，既然到这了，我们不如驻足一会儿，看一看这儿的名胜。

由
句意可知，此处填since表示“既然”。

]
12．(2019·哈六中模拟)However, when I had to go back I forgot my book, I noticed she had just finished picking them up by herself.
because/since/as[根据句意并结合前后两句的逻辑关系可知，此处需用一个表原因
的连词，故填because/since/as。

]
13．(2019·北京西城模拟) I get home late，Grandma always leaves a
light on for me.
Whenever[whenever “无论何时”；根据句意，“每当”我回家晚了，故填Whenever。

]
14．(2019·天津模拟)—Don't look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
—Oh, yes, others are weak, he is strong.
where[where可以引导表示抽象意义的地点状语从句。

此处表述别人的弱点正是他
的强势所在。

故填where。

]
15．(2019·江苏南通月考) serious a problem you may have, you should
gather your courage to face the challenge.
However[由句义判断此处表述“无论多么严重”。

故填However，引导让步状语从
句。

]
16．(2019·杭州质检)Remember that you won't be able to cancel the order you've signed.
once[句意：记住一旦你签了字，就不能取消订单。

根据句义可知，此处表示条件，
故填once。

]
17．(2019·浙江温州十校联考)Good news never goes beyond the gate,
bad news spreads far and wide.
while[句意：好事不出门，坏事传千里。

结合句义可知，此处填while表“转折和
对照”。

]
18. (2018河南中原名校五次联考)Around 7:30 a.m., she was lying on her surfboard
with her left arm in the water a 14-foot-long tiger shark attacked her, severing her left arm just below the shoulder.
答案when [句意:大约在上午七点半左右,她正躺在她的冲浪板上,左臂放在水里,就在那时一条14英尺长的虎鲨袭击了她,咬断了她肩部以下的左臂。

be doing sth. when...为固定句型,意为“正在做某事,这/那时突然……”。

]
19. If you miss this chance, it may be years you get another one.
答案before [句意:如果你错过了这次机会的话,那可能要等到多年之后你才能再次获得机会。

此处为固定句式it be+一段时间+before...。

]
20. (2018河南南阳一中三次考试)We know that tasks your group is given, a few rules need to be followed to ensure a productive and successful experience.
答案whatever [句意:我们知道无论你们组被分配了什么任务,都有几项规则要遵守,来确保这是一次有效益的成功的体验。

whatever引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter what,意为“无论什么……”。

]
21. If I had seen the movie, I _____(tell) you all about it now.
答案：would tell
22. _______ I _____(take) my umbrella with me when I _____(come) out this morning,
I _____(not be) so wet now.
答案：had ， taken ， came ， would not be
23.I wish they _____ (stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate on
my work.
答案：would stop
24.It is inconceivable that he _____ (not see) me that day for I ______(wave)
to her.
答案：should not have seen ， waved
25.What a pity that he gave orders that all those lovely trees _____(cut) down.
答案：be cut
26.Henry would rather that his brother _____(work) in the same department as he
does.
答案：worked
27.Electric current flows through a conductor as though it _____(be) a fluid.
答案：were
28.We _____(invite) her to the party but we didn’t know that she ______(already,
come) back from abroad.
答案：would have invited ， had already come
29.Today’s industrial production ______(be) impossible without the contribution
made by the science of physics.
答案：would be
30. A less conscientious man ______(not, try) so hard to get this job done.
答案：would not have tried
二、单句改错
1．(2019·河南焦作模拟)After arriving at school, I discussed with some classmates that we could do.
that→what[分析句子结构可知，classmates后面的句子为discuss后的宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，而that在名词性从句中不作成分，也没有语义，故将that改为what，表示“……的事情”。

]
2．(2019·辽宁葫芦岛模拟)Recently we have had a discussion about if money can bring us happiness. Different students have different opinions.
if→ whether[介词后接宾语从句时表示“是否”只能用whether。

]
3．(2019·河南八市重点高中联考)That we saw made us pick up our things and run back to the car as quickly as possible.
That→What[谓语动词made前面的部分为主语从句。

从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的东西(事情)”，故不能用That，应用What。

]
4．(2019·福建厦门二模)Even in his earliest performing years, Yo­Yo Ma had a strong belief whether it was important to share music with all kinds of people.
whether→that[根据句义可知belief后的句子是同位语从句，解释belief的内容，且从句不缺少成分及语义，故将whether改为that。

]
5．(2019·福建福田调研)Students explore their own attitudes toward the arts, writing reflective essays on which the arts have played a role in their own lives.
which→how[此处表述学生们写文章反思艺术是如何在他们自己的生活中发挥作用的。

on后面的部分为名词性从句作on的宾语，结合句义可知此处表示“如何”，故将which 改为how。

]
6．(2019·广州检测)Because my arms looked weak, my mother trusted that I could hold the baby.
Because→Although/Though[根据句义可知，两句之间为让步关系，而非因果关系，故应将Because改为Although/Though。

]
7．(2019·天水一中质检)One day, I was cooking in the kitchen while the telephone rang.
while→when[根据句子结构可知，此处连词表示“在那时候”，故用when。

固定句型“be doing ... when ...”意为“正在做某事，这时……”。

]
8．(2019·山东日照模拟)I would have enjoyed a perfect afternoon unless it had not been for an unfortunate incident.
unless→if[根据句义可知，此处表示肯定条件，也是if引导的虚拟条件句，故将unless改为if。

]
9．(2019·浙江暨阳模拟)Summer isn't exactly flu season, so that you have flu ­like symptoms after a long day in the sun, you may be to blame.
that→if[句意：夏天不是流感的季节，因此如果你在太阳下待了一整天后，有流感的症状的话，你自己该为此负责。

这里不是so that引导的结果状语从句，因此将that 改为if。

]
10．(2019·广东惠州高三模拟)There are a number of companies that create robots to teach subjects to children ranging from biology to computer science, because such tools have not become widespread yet.
because→ though[由主句中的“create robots to teach”和从句中的“have not become widespread yet”可知主从句之间的逻辑关系不是因果关系，而是让步关系，因此将because改为though。

句意：有大量的公司制造教学生们从生物到电脑科学的机器人，即使这样的工具还没有广泛普及。

]
11．(2019·山东威海模拟)I asked him what was the matter. He smiled and told us about the funny things what had happened in the cinema.
第二个what→ that/which[分析句式可知，该从句位于指事物的名词之后，且从句缺少主语，该句应为定语从句，而what不引导定语从句，故将what改为that/which。

] 12．(2019·安徽淮南模拟)After a while, I started thinking of my deskmate which always stops to pick up loose change.
which→who/that[分析句式可知，该定语从句中的先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用who/that而不能用which, which用来指事物。

]
13．(2019·河北衡水模拟)The festival lasts for a week, which famous singers and bands from around the world perform very brilliantly.
which→when[分析句式结构可知，“which famous ... brilliantly”为定语从句，修饰先行词a week。

从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词表时间，故将which改为when。

] 14．(2019·福建莆田模拟)A girl became a volunteer in the activities of Deathbed Care, where meant visiting and taking care of a patient suffering from an incurable disease with days numbered.
where→which[后一句子为非限制性定语从句，其中缺少主语，先行词为表事物的名词，故将where改为which。

]
15．(2019·安徽合肥二模)In our everyday lives we meet situations at which we take many things for granted.
at→in[本句中含有一个由“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。

此处介词根据其
与先行词的搭配来确定。

与先行词situations搭配的介词是in，表示“在某种境况下”。

故将at改为in。

]
16. If a crisis was to occur, those unfamiliar with the procedures would not know how to handle the situation.
was→ were
17. He gave orders that the horses were made ready at once as he was pressed for time.
were→ be
18． If you have been living here since 1956, isn’t it about time you start to look for somewhere nicer to live?
start→ started/start前面加should
19. The political candidate talked as though she has already been elected to the presidency.
has→ had
20. If John were to resign and if Henry were elected to take his place we should have had more vigorous leadership.
去掉had
三、语法填空
Yangshuo，China
It was raining lightly when I arrived in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours before，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，__1__ I breathed its choking smog. Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.
I'd skipped nearby Guilin，__2__ is a dream place for tourists __3__ seek the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings. Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo. For those __5__ fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away by car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo is really beautiful. A study of travelers __6__ was conducted by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations __7__ are famous in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people and their families __8__ are in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent，__9__ is a travel company in Hong Kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ live in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
答案：1.where 2.which 3.who/that 4.that/which 5.who 6.that/which
7.that/which 8.that/who 9.which 10.who/that
__1__ worries my classmate Mary a lot these days is __2__ she puts on too much weight and she is frequently ill. She has some doubts __3__ she eats too much fast food high in fat or sugar. Also，with the College Entrance Examination approaching，she becomes more stressful and she can't sleep well these days. Maybe this is __4__ she becomes fatter these days，she thinks.__5__ she becomes slimmer and healthier has been her main task. So she wants to consult some experts and gain some instructions. But where she could get better suggestions and __6__ will give her better advice also puzzle her. It is her parents' suggestion __7__ she should consult Professor Wang in Zhongshan Hospital. Professor Wang suggests __8__ she keep a balanced diet first. She should eat vegetables and fruit high in fiber，vitamin and protein. What's more，if she wants to lose weight，she had better take regular exercise more than half an hour a day. Mary asked Professor Wang __9__ she should take exercise. Professor Wang advised her to take exercise at 5 o'clock in the afternoon. That is __10__ she will have more time to do sports. It is with the help of Professor Wang that Mary has become much healthier now.
答案：1.What 2.that 3.whether 4.why 5.How 6.who 7.that 8.that 9.when 10.because
四、翻译句子
1．我特别的爱好是读书看报，这已经成为我日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。

My favorite hobbies are reading books and newspapers, which has become a necessary part of my daily life．
2．我们都知道，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，帮我们渡过难关。

As we all know, when we need help our friends will lend us a helping hand and help us get through difficult situations.
3．使我印象最深的是他们都经过了专业培训。

What impressed me most was that they had had professional training．
4．我想知道你能否给我提供一些如何交朋友的建议。

I wonder if/whether you can give me some advice on how to make friends.
5．每当见到有人需要帮助，我都会尽力去帮助他。

Whenever I see someone in need, I will spare no effort to help him.
6．不管我们会遇到什么困难，我们都将继续进行研究。

Whatever difficulties we may meet with，we'll go on with the research.
7. 他不太注意学习方法，要不然他就不会落在别人后面。

He doesn’t pay much attention to study methods; otherwise he wouldn’t have fallen behind the others.
8. 那天她坚持要我们在那儿吃午饭。

That day she insisted that we (should) have lunch there.
9. 你难道不希望你的英语和他说得一样好吗？
Don’t you wish that you could speak English as well as he?
10. 假如一切原子（atom）都相同的话，那么世界上就只有一种物质（substance）了。

If all atoms were the same, there would be only one substance in the world.。