初中生阅读理解解题技巧

判断正误形的阅读理解
• 根据短文内容，判断正误。正确的用“T”表示，错误的用 “F”表示。 • 1. Usually, nobody goes to school or works during holidays. • 2. Christmas is the time to stay home to eat, talk and have fun with the family. • 3. All the countries have the same way to celebrate the holidays. • 4. Being interested in foreign customs means being interested in different histories and cultures. • 5. This passage is about the customs and holidays in Japan.
一. 阅读理解 阅读理解：在中考中占的比重很大。阅读理解能力属 于语言的领会技能。包括对书面语言的识别、理解、 推理、判断和快速记忆等几个方面。不仅仅涉及到语 音、语法、词汇这些语言因素、还涉及到非语言因素， 即：阅读者对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的 掌握、对所读材料内容的熟悉、个人经历、生活常识、 逻辑知识和语言修养等各方面。 阅读技巧之一：是阅读时要扩大视距。二是不要心读 或朗读；三是要理解段落或文章的细节。四是要学会 猜测词义，五要理解中心思想。六要具备合理推理和 判断的能力。
• Hi, Louis! • I’m writing to tell you something about the customs and festivals. • Everyone loves holidays since one doesn’t need to go to school or work. Although all holidays mean no school and work, but not all of them are the same. On some of them you go out with friends; on others you stay home to eat, talk, and have fun with your family. For example in the U.S., everyone thinks New Year’s Eve and New Year are both for partying with friends. Christmas is the time to stay home and exchange gifts with family members. The opposite is true in Japan though. For example, in Japan, New Year is for spending time with the family to eat, talk, have fun, and go to the temples. But Christmas is for boy and girl friends to go out and exchange gifts. Originally Christmas should be to celebrate the birth of Christ. • I have been interested in foreign customs since I was little. If you learn these different holiday customs, you will learn about different histories and cultures. This is much more interesting than learning them at the library from morning to evening. • Love, • Sue
百度文库
1. 选择答案型阅读理解
• • • • • • • • • • • • 1. Dolphins show their feelings with ___________ . A. pictures B. words C. water D. sounds 2. People can’t hear the dolphin’s sounds because ________ . A. they are above the water B. they are under the water C. they are very high D. they are very low 3. Which one is true according to the passage? A. Dolphins swim together in a school because they want to study B. They don’t study, but they travel in a group C. Dolphins like to be away from their school on an island. D. Dolphins like to kill people
• 结论或推论性考查。这类考题答案的选择 往往无所谓正确与错误之别，而是最佳与 非最佳之别。因此，须读懂通篇文章，弄 懂作者的写作要旨，按照文章的内容和逻 辑关系，做出符合原文逻辑或主旨的结论 或推论，才能选出最佳答案。
• 拟选题目考查。一篇文章究竟应加一个什 么样的题目为最佳，主要取决于文章的内 容，英语文章标题的特点一般多以短语或 简单句为主。选择标题的一般标准是：一 要切题，即能够概括出全文的主旨；二要 简洁，即文字要简单明了。
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• 根据短文内容，回答问题。 • 1. Why would you probably only “window shop”in Fifth Avenue? • ____________________________________________________________ _ • 2. What do some waiters and waitresses in New York wear on their feet? • ____________________________________________________________ _ • 3. What don’t people do in Central Park? • ____________________________________________________________ _
回答问题形的阅读理解
• • New York is one of the most exciting cities in the world. You might want to do some shopping in New York. Fifth Avenue is probably New York’s most famous shopping street, but if you go, be prepared to “window shop”only. This is shopping for the rich. There are other, less expensive shopping areas nearby, and you’ll soon come across famous stores such as Bloomingdales, Macy’s and FAO Schwartz. • And if you’ve brought your rollerblades, then a visit to Central Park is a must. This is a large, open park right in the middle of Manhattan, but if you thought that people came here to relax, sit down for a few minutes and get away from the rush of New York life, then you’d be wrong. Nobody sits in Central Park: they run, jog（慢跑）, and most of all they rollerblade. • When you leave New York, you might be tired, even poor and overweight, but the one thing you won’t be is bored!
• 初中阶段阅读题重点考查的内容是事实认
定、词语理解、数量计算，主要思想归纳 等。而从考查方式来看，则以直接型、转 换型和归纳型的试题为主，需要依据文章 事实和作者思路进行推理的题次之。文章 主旨和大意的考查。这类试题主要是考查 对文章的理解程度，考查内容包括作者的 写作目的，文章的中心思想等内容。考生 只有读懂全文，才能选出正确答案。
• 细节和事实的考查。做此类试题一定要
抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展 过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合 原文，切不可望文生义。
• 词义或句义的考查。这些词句往往具有
深层意义，要透过表层意义来理解深层意 义，或根据句子的语法关系分析其含义， 要反复琢磨，仔细推敲，弄清作者的真正 意图，从而选择正确答案。遇到生词，要 根据上下文和一定的构词法知识，如前缀、 后缀来分析、判断、猜测其词形和含义。
阅读理解题型介绍：
• 1. 选择答案型阅读理解
• 2. 判断正误型阅读理解 • 3. 完成句子型阅读理解 • 4. 回答问题型阅读理解
• （二） • Can dolphins talk? Maybe they can’t talk with words, but they talk with sounds. They show their feelings with sounds. • Dolphins travel in a group. We call a group of fish a “school”. They don’t study, but they travel together. • Dolphins talk to the other dolphins in the school. They give information. They tell when they are happy or sad or afraid. They say “welcome”when a dolphin comes back to the school. They talk when they play. • They make a few sounds above water. They make many more sounds under water. People cannot hear these sounds because they are very, very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds and study them. • Sometimes people catch a dolphin for a large aquarium（水族馆）. People can watch the dolphins in a show. Dolphins don’t like to be away from their school in an aquarium. They are sad and lonely（孤独的）. • There are many stories about dolphins. They help people. Sometimes they save somebody’s life. Dolphin meat is good, but people don’t like to kill them. They say that dolphins bring good luck. Many people believe this.