初中英语时态整理

初中英语时态整理

作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。

构成：

1.一般时态

a.一般现在时用动词原形，但第三人称单数后要加词是-s/es;

b.一般过去时用过去式；

c.一般将来时用shall 或will 加动词原形；

d.一般过去将来时用should 或would 加动词原形；

2.进行时态: 助动词be+主要动词的现在分词（am/is/are/ was/ were doing）

3.完成时态：助动词have+主要动词的过去分词（have/ had done）

4.完成进行时态：助动词have+ been +主要动词的现在分词

要点、难点：

☺一般现在时

1.第三人称单数后加s注意：以ch, sh, s, x, 或o 收尾的词加es; 以“辅音字

母+y”结尾的词变y 为i 再加es;

2.含义：a. 经常性或习惯性的动作b. 现在的特征或状态c. 普遍真理d.计划

或时刻表

3.常用时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week

☺现在进行时

1.少量动词可以用进行时表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，如：go, come,

leave, start, arrive, stay 等；

2.表示一个经常性的动作或状态，或是表示一种感情（如赞叹、厌烦等），或是

强调暂时性。如: be always doing

☺一般将来时

1.在时间或条件状语从句中，一般不用将来时，而用现在时代替。如：I’ll let you

have the book when I’m through. / I’ll be round to see you if I have time tomorrow.

2.表示倾向或习惯性动作。如：Oil will float on water.

3.否定形式表示“不能……”“没法……”如: This machine won’t work.

☺一般过去时

1.发生的时间不是很清楚，但实际上是过去发生，应当用过去时。如：I didn’t

know you were in town. / What did you say?

2.谈到已死的人多用过去时，但有时也可以用现在时。

☺过去进行时

过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作；一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。

☺过去将来时

1.表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情。如：He said he would raise the question

at the meeting.

2.注意在间接引语中的使用。

☺现在完成时

1.到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况（可能是多次动作的总和，也可以表示

状态和习惯性的动作）；对现状有影响的某已发生的动作。

2.当有一个表示过去某时的状语（包括when）时，不能用现在完成时。

3.常用词：already, yet, just, as yet, ever, never, since

4.区别：have been to & have gone to

☺现在完成进行时

1.表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，可能仍在进行，也可能停了

一会儿。

2.可以用来强调时间的长久。如: She has always been working like that.

3.也可以用来强调现在以前这段时期反复发生的事情。如：She’s been cyclying to

work for the last three weeks.

☺过去完成时

1.表示过去的过去：过去完成时表示的动作较另一过去的动作先发生。

2.在包含when, as soon as, before, after, until, now that 等连词的复合句中，先发

生的动作通常用过去完成时。

分类练习：

I. 用动词的一般现在时或现在进行时填空

1. A. What________you__________(think) of the idea?

B. What________you__________(think) about?

2. A. He__________(not look) his age.

Ｂ. He _____________(look) for his glasses.

3. A. I____________(have) a hard time trying to get this finished.

B. I___________(have) a bad cold.

4. A: Let’s go out. It _____________(not rain) now.

B: It _______________(not rain) very much in summer.

5.A. I _____________(live) some friends until I find a flat.

B: My parents ___________(live) in London. They have lived there all their lives. II. 用动词的一般过去时或过去进行时填空

1.While we _____________(wait) for the bus, a girl ___________(run) up to us.

2.I ________________(telephone) a friend when Bob ____________(come) in.

3.Jim _____________(jump) on the bus as it _____________(move) away.

4.We ___________(test) the new machine when the electricity __________(go) off.

5.She ______________(not want) to stay in bed when the others ____________(all

work) in the fields.

6.While mother ______________(put) Kitty to bed, the door-bell

__________(ring).

7.It was quite late at night. George ______________(read) and Amy

___________(rest) when they __________(hear) a knock at the door.

III.用动词的现在完成时或一般过去时填空

1.--- __________you _________(book) your hotel room yet?

---Well, I ___________(write) to the hotel last week but they _______________(not answer) yet.

2.---You _________just _________(agree) to go, so why aren’t you getting ready?

---But I _________(not realize) that you ________(want) me to start at once.

4.---I can’t find my gloves. ________you ________(see) them?

---Yes, you _________(leave) them in the car yesterday. I ____________(put) them back in your drawer.

5.---I hear that Mr Jones _____________(leave).

---Yes, he ___________(leave) last week.

---___________anyone ___________(take) his place?

---I believe that several men ________________(apply) for the job but so far nothing ___________________(decide).

IV. 用动词的一般过去时和过去完成时填空

1.The heavy rain __________(stop), but there was still a slight drizzle in the air.

2.I____________(cannot go) out that night, for I ________________(agree) to take

care of my younger sister at home.

3.I ______________(not know) you ________________(be) so busy in the past few

weeks.

4.The snow storm ______________(drop 减弱) as suddenly as it

_______________(start). The wind________________(die) down and the sun ______________(come) out.

5.Nobody agreed with him. That_____________(be) something he

__________________(not predict) .