初中英语时态整理

初中英语时态整理作谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。

构成：1.一般时态a.一般现在时用动词原形，但第三人称单数后要加词是-s/es;b.一般过去时用过去式；c.一般将来时用shall 或will 加动词原形；d.一般过去将来时用should 或would 加动词原形；2.进行时态: 助动词be+主要动词的现在分词（am/is/are/ was/ were doing）3.完成时态：助动词have+主要动词的过去分词（have/ had done）4.完成进行时态：助动词have+ been +主要动词的现在分词要点、难点：☺一般现在时1.第三人称单数后加s注意：以ch, sh, s, x, 或o 收尾的词加es; 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词变y 为i 再加es;2.含义：a. 经常性或习惯性的动作b. 现在的特征或状态c. 普遍真理d.计划或时刻表3.常用时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week☺现在进行时1.少量动词可以用进行时表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作，如：go, come,leave, start, arrive, stay 等；2.表示一个经常性的动作或状态，或是表示一种感情（如赞叹、厌烦等），或是强调暂时性。

如: be always doing☺一般将来时1.在时间或条件状语从句中，一般不用将来时，而用现在时代替。

如：I’ll let youhave the book when I’m through. / I’ll be round to see you if I have time tomorrow.2.表示倾向或习惯性动作。

如：Oil will float on water.3.否定形式表示“不能……”“没法……”如: This machine won’t work.☺一般过去时1.发生的时间不是很清楚，但实际上是过去发生，应当用过去时。

如：I didn’tknow you were in town. / What did you say?2.谈到已死的人多用过去时，但有时也可以用现在时。

☺过去进行时过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作；一般过去时表示一个完成的动作。

☺过去将来时1.表示从过去某时看将来要发生的事情。

如：He said he would raise the questionat the meeting.2.注意在间接引语中的使用。

☺现在完成时1.到现在为止的这一时期中发生的情况（可能是多次动作的总和，也可以表示状态和习惯性的动作）；对现状有影响的某已发生的动作。

2.当有一个表示过去某时的状语（包括when）时，不能用现在完成时。

3.常用词：already, yet, just, as yet, ever, never, since4.区别：have been to & have gone to☺现在完成进行时1.表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，可能仍在进行，也可能停了一会儿。

2.可以用来强调时间的长久。

如: She has always been working like that.3.也可以用来强调现在以前这段时期反复发生的事情。

如：She’s been cyclying towork for the last three weeks.☺过去完成时1.表示过去的过去：过去完成时表示的动作较另一过去的动作先发生。

2.在包含when, as soon as, before, after, until, now that 等连词的复合句中，先发生的动作通常用过去完成时。

分类练习：I. 用动词的一般现在时或现在进行时填空1. A. What________you__________(think) of the idea?B. What________you__________(think) about?2. A. He__________(not look) his age.Ｂ. He _____________(look) for his glasses.3. A. I____________(have) a hard time trying to get this finished.B. I___________(have) a bad cold.4. A: Let’s go out. It _____________(not rain) now.B: It _______________(not rain) very much in summer.5.A. I _____________(live) some friends until I find a flat.B: My parents ___________(live) in London. They have lived there all their lives. II. 用动词的一般过去时或过去进行时填空1.While we _____________(wait) for the bus, a girl ___________(run) up to us.2.I ________________(telephone) a friend when Bob ____________(come) in.3.Jim _____________(jump) on the bus as it _____________(move) away.4.We ___________(test) the new machine when the electricity __________(go) off.5.She ______________(not want) to stay in bed when the others ____________(allwork) in the fields.6.While mother ______________(put) Kitty to bed, the door-bell__________(ring).7.It was quite late at night. George ______________(read) and Amy___________(rest) when they __________(hear) a knock at the door.III.用动词的现在完成时或一般过去时填空1.--- __________you _________(book) your hotel room yet?---Well, I ___________(write) to the hotel last week but they _______________(not answer) yet.2.---You _________just _________(agree) to go, so why aren’t you getting ready?---But I _________(not realize) that you ________(want) me to start at once.4.---I can’t find my gloves. ________you ________(see) them?---Yes, you _________(leave) them in the car yesterday. I ____________(put) them back in your drawer.5.---I hear that Mr Jones _____________(leave).---Yes, he ___________(leave) last week.---___________anyone ___________(take) his place?---I believe that several men ________________(apply) for the job but so far nothing ___________________(decide).IV. 用动词的一般过去时和过去完成时填空1.The heavy rain __________(stop), but there was still a slight drizzle in the air.2.I____________(cannot go) out that night, for I ________________(agree) to takecare of my younger sister at home.3.I ______________(not know) you ________________(be) so busy in the past fewweeks.4.The snow storm ______________(drop 减弱) as suddenly as it_______________(start). The wind________________(die) down and the sun ______________(come) out.5.Nobody agreed with him. That_____________(be) something he__________________(not predict) .V. 用动词的现在完成时和现在完成进行时填空1. The children ________________(watch) TV since noon. Will you stop them?2. They _________________(build) the road since 1978 and still __________________(not complete) it yet.3. Joe __________________(read) the book for only an hour, but ________________(cover) over thirty pages.4. We _________________(hope) to visit this place for many years, but still ___________________(not get) a chance to.5. We __________________(look) for it for a whole day and still ________________(not find) it.VI.用动词的一般过去时和过去将来时填空1. Whenever he __________(have) time, he ______________(help) them with their work.2. I ___________(think) things over in my mind: What __________(be) their reaction? ____________they ___________(support) the idea?3. He ____________(tell) me to come and wait under the tree the next morning. A young man ___________(meet) me there and ________(take)me to see the boss.4. The teacher asked Tom what he _________________( be going to, be) when he _____________(grow) up.5. Late at night on November 28 Dr Bethune ___________(get) news that a battle ___________(begin) soon.综合练习：I. 请选择正确答案1. —Is Runyang Bridge open to the public yet?—Yes. It ______ for almost one and a half months.A. has openedB. has been openedC. has been openD. was open2. —When did you borrow the English storybook?—I borrowed it last week. I______it for a weekA. have boughtB. have keptC. have borrowedD. had3. When Li Ming hurried home, he found that his mother ____already____to hospital.A has; been sentB had; sent C. has; sent D had; been sent4. –When_____he_____back? –Sorry, I don’t know.A. does,comeB.are comingC.is comeD.is coming5. Was it raining hard when you _____ this morning?A. leftB. leavesC. was leavingD. would leave6. What ______ from three to four yesterday afternoon?A have you doneB had you doneC did you doD were you doing7. —I’m looking for Mr White.—He was here just now. But he______to a meeting and he won’t be back until eleven o’clock.A. wasB. will beC. has goneD. has been8. Since 2000, Nanchang has become a new city. Everything______ .A. is changedB. was changedC. has changedD. had changed9. How can you possibly miss the news? It ____ on TV all day long.A.has beenB. had beenC. wasD. will be10. She asked him whether he _____ back for lunch.A .came B. was coming C. come D. had come11. —______ my dictionary? I can’t find it anywhere.—I______it on the shelf when I came in.A. Did you see, have seenB. Have you seen, sawC. Did you see, sawD. Have you seen, have seen12. By the end of 1976, many buildings _____built in the city.A. have beenB. haveC. had beenD. will be13. The meeting _____when Mr. Wang _____to school.A. has begun; getB. had begun; gotC. has been on; getD. had been on; got14. Nobody noticed what she ______ at the moment.A. will doB. was doingC. has doneD. had done15. Don’t talk here. My mother _____.A. is sleepingB.are sleepingC. sleeping D .sleep16. My mother _____ while my father _____TV.A. cooked; was watchingB. was cooking; was watchingC. had cooked; watchedD. cooked; watched17. —I heard your father______to Japan once.—Yes, he______there last year.A. went, has beenB. had been, wentC. goes，wentD. had been，has been18. Look! He _____their mother do the housework.A. is helpingB. are helpC. has helpedD.was helping19. —Wow, what a cool bike! How long have you______it? —Two weeks.A. boughtB. gotC. hadD. chosen20. Han Mei told me she _____lunch, so she was very hungry.A. has hadB. hasn't hadC. have hadD. hadn't had21. When I got home, my son _____ the music.A. am listening toB. listened toC. was listening toD. has been listening to22. The pizza ______ by my mother. Would you like to have some?A. makesB. was makingC. madeD. was made23. --- _______ the letter_______ to Bruce? ---No, it’s still on the desk.A. Has; givenB. Will; be givenC. Was; givenD. Has; been given24. —Has the match started? —Started? Finished! Guo Yue______ .A. is winningB. winsC. will winD. has won25. – I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.-- Oh., I’m sorry I _____ dinner at my friend’s home.A .have B. had C. was having D. have had26. ---How did the accident happen?--- You know, it ________ difficult to see the road clearly because it ______.A. was, was rainingB. is, has rainedC. is, is rainingD. will be, will rain27. His brother _______ from home for a long time.A. has leftB. has been awayC. leftD. will leave28. The pop singers _________ when I got to the music hall last night. What a pity!A. have leftB. were leftC. had leftD. left29. Mr. Li ______ England. He ________London for two weeks.A. has been to, has been toB. has gone to, has been inC. has been to, has been inD. has gone to, has been to30. ---Nice to see you. I ______ you for a long time.--- I _______ in Beijing. I’ve just com e back.A. hadn’t seen, amB. haven’t seen, wasC. didn’t see, will beD. haven’t seen, shall beII. 用所给动词的正确形式填空1. Where ___________ you _____________ (be) these days?2. Great changes _____________(take) place in my hometown in the past ten years. Many new factories_____________ already __________(put) up and a new theatre____________(build ) soon.3. “_________ you___________(buy) the dictionary?” “No, I haven't. When I _________ (get) to the bookstore yesterday, all the dictionaries__________ already ___________(sell) out.”4. “Where ____________(be) you this time yesterday?” “I_________(be) at home. I ____________(go) over my lessons then.”5. When I _________ (enter) the room, he ________(not notice) me, for he _________(work) at a maths problem.6. Mr. Brown _________( make) a lot of friends since he_________(come) to work in Wuhan two years ago.7. By the end of last year they ___________ (learn) more than 1 000 new words.8.Mr. Green _____________(visit) all places of great interest in China since he came to China.9. Tom said he__________(study) Chinese since three years ago.10. Could you tell me if you _________(read) the story book?11. He said the lights in the room __________(go) out when he opened the door.12.They _________(talk) and _________(laugh) when the teacher came in.13. Just now I _________(see) her talking with our teacher.14. I won’t go to the Great Wall because I _________ (be) there twice.15.A:_________ the children __________(return) yet?B: Yes. They __________(have) supper now.16. When my son ________________ (come) home from school this afternoon, he ________________ (go) straight for the TV as usual. He ________________ (turn) it on and ________________ (watch) it until dinner. He ________________ (love) the talk shows. He always ________________ (tell) me that they ________________ (be) full of important and interesting information. I ________________ (not; know) what to do. He ________________ (get) good grades and ________________ (have) a lot of friends. Maybe he ________________ (need) a more challenging school.17. A: She ________________ (do) it again!B: What ________________ (you; talk) about?A: Little Sarah from next door ________________ (look) in the Smiths’ windows again! What does she think she ________________ (do)?B: Probably she ________________ (just; play) with some other kids.A: I ________________ (not; think) so. I ________________ (call) Colleen Smith and ________________ (tell) her about Sarah.18.As Jim and Jennifer Stolpa ________________ (drive) through the Nevada desert in t he winter of 1993, their truck ________________ (get) trapped in the snow during a terrible snowstorm. When no help ________________ (come) after three days, they ________________ (decide) to start ________________ (walk) and find help. When Jennifer ________________ (not; can) walk any longer, she and their little baby ________________ (stay) in a cave to keep warm. Jim ________________ (think) a lot about his family while he ________________ (walk) through the snow in search of help.19.On July 19, 1989, two pilots ________________ (fly) a plane from Denver to Chicago when an engine ________________ (catch) fire. When the engine ________________ (explode), Helen Young ________________ (sleep), and others ________________ (eat) lunch. Babies ________________ (sit) in parents’ laps. Lindsi Werner ________________ (enjoy) the flight with her grandmother when the pilot ________________ (announce) the emergency landing (紧急降落).20. A: Chi Lin ________________ (go) for another interview tomorrow. He ________________ (have) two interviews this week.B: ____________________________ (Yen Ping; go) on any interview yet?A: She ________________ (talk) to some companies, but no one ________________ (call) her in for an interview.B: What ______________________ (you; do) about a job?A: I ________________ (fill) out about five or six applications (申请表), but I ________________ (not; hand) them in yet. I ______________ (think) about moving to Chicago.B: You should talk to Lun. He ________________ (decide) to move to Chicago, and I’m sure he can tell you a lot about the city.21. This book _______________ (write) by Mark Twain. It _________ (tell) us some funny stories about a little boy __________ (name) Tom Sawyer. I finished _______ (read) this book 2 weeks ago. I liked it a lot. At first, I thought it ________ (be) a child ren’s book. But, the other day, my father began to read it and he ___________ (not stop) until he finished the last page. He _________ (seem) to enjoy it a lot. “How I wish I ___________ (can, be) young again!” said my father with a big smile on his face as he ___________(close) the book.22 I like rainy days. I like ____________ (stay) at home ___ _______ (listen) to the raindrops all day long. No musician is greater than our mother nature. _ _______ (walk) or __ _____ (dance) in the rain can give me great pleasure, too. I enjoy doing all of these, but the trouble is: Everyone in my class ___________ (laugh) at me and ___________ (think) I am a hopeless romantic.23. It’s so quiet here. Mr. And Mrs. Smith ___________ (go) away on vacation eight days ago. And they ____________ (come) back in 6 days. But they ____________ (forget) to stop the newspaper and milk. The newspaper _____________ (come) every day as usual and the mailbox is full very soon. This morning, The newspaper boy ____________ (can not) put the newspaper in the mailbox any more. So he _________ (put) it in front of the house. Unluckily, it _________(become) windy shortly after and a heavy rain ____________ (follow). Poor Mr and Mrs. Smith, they ____________ (have) to clean up the messy yard when they are back. However, the milk ___________( not, be) a problem. Their neighbor’s cat _____________ (take) care of it every day.24. Albert Einstein, one of the most famous scientists of the US, ________________ (bear) in Germany in 1879. When he ________________ (be) a child, his teachers ________________ (not think) he ________________ (be) a smart student. By the time he ________________ (be) eight, they ________________ (decide) that he ________________ (can) not learn as fast as his classmates. At that time Einstein ________________ (not seem) interested in class, and he ________________ (dislike) studying subjects like Latin and Greek. He ________________ (be) very interested in math, but he ________________ (prefer) to solve math problems in his own way. His teacher ________________ (not feel) he ________________ (have) a bright future.参考答案，欢迎质疑！分类练习：I.用动词的一般现在时或现在进行时填空1. A. do think B. are thinking2. A. doesn’t look B. is looking2. A. am having B. have 4. A. isn’t raining B. doesn’t rain5. A. am living B. liveII. 一般过去时或过去进行时1.were waiting, ran2. was telephoning, came3. jumped, was moving4. weretesting, went 5. didn’t want, were all working 6. was putting, rang 7. was reading, was resting, heardIII. 用动词的现在完成时或一般过去时填空1.Have, booked; wrote, haven’t answered2. have agreed, didn’t realize, wanted3.Have seen, left, have put 5. has left, left, Has taken, have applied, has beendecidedIV. 用动词的一般过去时和过去完成时填空1.had stopped2. couldn’t go, had agreed3. didn’t know, had been4. dropped, hadstarted, had died, had come 5. was, hadn’t predictedV. 用动词的现在完成时和现在完成进行时填空1. have been watching2. have been building, haven’t completed3. has been reading, has covered4. have been hoping, haven’t got5. have been looking, haven’t foundVI. 用动词的一般过去时和过去将来时填空1.had, would help2. thought, would be, Would support3. told, would meet, take4.was going to be, grew5. got, would begin综合练习I.1~5 CBDDA 6~10 DCCAB 11~15 BCBBA 16~20 BBACD 21~25 CDDDC 26~30 ABCBBII. 用所给动词的正确形式填空1. have been2. have taken, have been put, will be built3. Have bought, got, had been sold4. were, was, was going5. entered, didn’t notice, was working6. has made, came7. had learnt8. has visited9. had studied 10. have read 11. would go 12. were talking, laughing 13. saw, 14. have been 15. Have returned, are having 16. came, went, turned, watched, loves, tells, are, don’t know, gets, has, needs 17. is doing, are you talking, is looking, is doing, is just playing, don’t think, will call, tell 18. were driving, got, had come, decided, to walk, couldn’t, stayed, thought, was walking 19. were flying, caught, exploded, was sleeping, were eating, were sitting, was enjoying, announced 20. is going, will have, Has Yen Ping gone, has talked, has called, have you done, have filled, haven’t handed, am thinking, has decided 21. was written, tells, named, reading, was, didn’t stop, seemed, could be, closed 22. staying, to listen, Walking, dancing, laughs, thinks 23. went, are coming, have forgotten, comes, couldn’t, put, became, followed, will have, won’t be, takes 24. was born, was, didn’t think, was, was, had decided, could, didn’t seem, disliked, was, preferred, didn’t feel, would have。