2009年安徽省高考理综试题及答案(word版含答案)

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2009年高考安徽卷(理综)试题及答案

2009年高考安徽卷(理综)试题及答案

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试第I 卷(选择题,共120分)本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 32 r c 52 e F 56 1、 叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述,正确的是 A 叶绿体中的色素 主要分布在类囊体腔内B 2H O 在光下分解为 [ H ]和2O 的过程发生在基质中C C 2O 的固定过程发生在类囊题薄膜上D 光合作用的产物—淀粉是在基质中合成的2、细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

下列有关叙述正确的是 A 人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B 人的早期胚胎有尾,尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C 细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D 皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物3.用奶瓶培养黑腹果蝇,观察成虫数量的变化,结果如下表:根据表中的数据分析,下列结论正确的是A. 第13~25天,成虫数量增长快的主要原因是个体生长加快B. 第17~29天,成虫增长率上死亡率下降C. 第21~37天,成虫增长率的下降与种群密度的改变有关D. 第1~37天,成虫数量呈“J ”型增长4.2008年诺贝尔化学奖授予了“发现和发展了水母绿色荧光蛋白”的三位科学家。

将绿色荧光蛋白基因的片段与目的基因连接起来组成一个融合基因,再将该融合基因转入真核生物细胞内,表达出的蛋白质就会带有绿色荧光。

绿色荧光蛋白在该研究中的主要作用是 A .追踪目的基因在细胞内的复制过程 B .追踪目的基因插入到染色体上的位置C .追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质在细胞内的分布D .追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质的空间分布 5.已知人的红绿色盲属X 染色体隐性遗传,先天性耳聋是常染色体隐性遗传(D 对d 完全显性)。

下图中Ⅱ2为色觉正常的耳聋患者,Ⅱ5为听觉正常的色盲患者。

2009年安徽省高考理科综合试题

2009年安徽省高考理科综合试题

一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明: 二、其他成就: 1、天文学:
2、算经、圆周率:
(1)春秋时期出现九九乘法口诀,发明了筹算计算法,元代发 展为珠算法 (2)东汉的《九章算术》总结了周秦到汉代的数学成就,标 志着我们过以解决实际问题为主要内容,以算筹为计算工具、 运用十进制计数系统计算的古代数学体系的形成 (3)南朝的祖冲之将圆周率计算到小数点后七位
1、造纸术:
2、印刷术: 3、火药: (1)唐代,人们在炼丹制药时偶然发现了火药。 (2)唐朝末年,火药用于战争。 (3)五代和宋朝时,火药广泛用于狩猎、开山和火器
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明:
1、造纸术:
2、印刷术: 3、火药: 4、指南针:
(1)历史最为久远
(2)战国时期,发 明司南 (3)北宋时期,发明 指南针,应用于航海
“浑天如鸡子。天体圆如弹丸,地如鸡子中黄,孤居 于天内,天大而地小。 ”
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明: 二、其他成就: 1、天文学:
(1)《甘石星经》是我国最早的天文学著作,其《石氏星表》 是最早的星表 (2)张衡浑天仪,他关于地球是圆的见解比西方早一千年。 (3)地动仪成功测出陇西的一次地震 (4)唐,曾一行和梁令瓚创制黄道游仪,发现恒星位置变 化,曾一行实测子午线长度 (5)元,郭守敬制造简仪
一、古代科技里程碑——四大发明: 二、其他成就: 1、天文学:
2、算经、圆周率:
3、古代农书: (1)齐民要术:南北朝贾思勰,介绍北方生产经验 (2)农书:重点在生产工具改革,附有《农器图谱》(有水 排、木活字等记载) (3)农政全书:徐光启总结历代农业、手工业经验,吸收西 方自然科学知识创作。被誉为“中西近代科学先驱”。
传说中黄帝、蚩尤大战中有的指南车

2009年安徽省高考理综试题及答案(word版含答案)

2009年安徽省高考理综试题及答案(word版含答案)

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第n卷(非选择)两部分,第一卷第1页至第5页,第n卷第6页至第12页。

全卷满分300分。

考生注意事项:1. 答题前,务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号,并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。

务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。

For pers onal use only in study and research; not for commercial use2. 答第一卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

3. 答第二卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上.书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。

作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡.规定的位置给出,确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。

必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、.... 草稿纸上答题无效。

4. 考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

For personal use only in study and research; not forcommercialuse第I卷本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:For pers onal use only in study and research; not for commercial use相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 12 Cr 52 Fe 561. 叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述,正确的是A. 叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B. For pers onal use only in study and research; not for commercial useC.C. H2O在光下分解为[H]和02的过程发生在基质中D. CO2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上E. 光合作用的产物一一淀粉是在基质中合成的2. 细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

2009安徽高考物理试卷及答案

2009安徽高考物理试卷及答案

2009安徽高考物理试卷及答案理科综合能力测试物理部分第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共120分)本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

14.原子核聚变可望给人类未来提供丰富的洁净能源。

当氘等离子体被加热到适当高温时,氘核参与的几种聚变反应可能发生,放出能量。

这几种反应总的效果可以表示为241112106243.15H k He d H n MeV →+++由平衡条件可知A .k =1 d =4B .k =2 d =2C .k =1 d =6D .k =2 d =3 答案:B解析:由质量数守恒和电荷数守恒,分别有410k d +=,26k d +=,解得 k =2,d=2。

正确选项为B 。

15.2009年2月11日,俄罗斯的“宇宙-2251”卫星和美国的“铱-33”卫星在西伯利亚上空约 805km 处发生碰撞。

这是历史上首次发生的完整在轨卫星碰撞事件。

碰撞过程中产生的 大量碎片可能会影响太空环境。

假定有甲、乙两块碎片,绕地球运动的轨道都是圆,甲的运行速率比乙的大,则下列说法中正确的是 A .甲的运行周期一定比乙的长 B .甲距地面的高度一定比乙的高 C .甲的向心力一定比乙的小 D .甲的加速度一定比乙的大 答案:D解析:由v =甲的速率大,甲碎片的轨道半径小,故B 错;由公式T 2=可知甲的周期小故A 错;由于未知两碎片的质量,无法判断向心力的大小,故C 错;碎片的加速度是指引力加速度由2GM m ma R =得2GMa R =,可知甲的加速度比乙大,故D 对。

16.大爆炸理论认为,我们的宇宙起源于137亿年前的一次大爆炸。

除开始瞬间外,在演化至今的大部分时间内,宇宙基本上是匀速膨胀的。

上世纪末,对1A 型超新星的观测显示,宇宙正在加速膨胀,面对这个出人意料的发现,宇宙学家探究其背后的原因,提出宇宙的大部分可能由暗能量组成,它们的排斥作用导致宇宙在近段天文时期内开始加速膨胀。

19.2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试(安徽卷)

19.2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试(安徽卷)

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试(安徽卷)第I卷(选择题,共120分)本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 32 Cr 52 Fe 561.叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述,正确..的是A.叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B.H2O在光下分解为[ H ]和O2的过程发生在基质中C.CO2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上D.光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的2.细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

下列有关叙述正确..的是A.人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B.人的早期胚胎有尾,尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C.细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D.皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物3.用奶瓶培养黑腹果蝇,观察成虫数量的变化,结果如下表:根据表中的数据分析,下列结论正确..的是A.第13~25天,成虫数量增长快的主要原因是个体生长加快B.第17~29天,成虫增长率上升、死亡率下降C.第21~37天,成虫增长率的下降与种群密度的改变有关D.第1~37天,成虫数量呈“J”型增长4.2008年诺贝尔化学奖授予了“发现和发展了水母绿色荧光蛋白”的三位科学家。

将绿色荧光蛋白基因的片段与目的基因连接起来组成为一个融合基因,再将该融合基因转入真核生物细胞内,表达出的蛋白质就会带有绿色荧光。

绿色荧光蛋白在该研究中的主要作用是A.追踪目的基因在细胞内的复制过程B.追踪目的基因插入到染色体上的位置C.追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质在细胞内的分布D.追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质的空间分布5.已知人的红绿色盲属X染色体隐性遗传,先天性耳聋是常染色体隐性遗传(D对d 完全显性)。

下图中Ⅱ2为色觉正常的耳聋患者,Ⅱ5为听觉正常的色盲患者。

Ⅱ4(不携带d 基因)和Ⅱ3,婚后生下一个男孩,这个男孩患耳聋、色盲、既耳聋又色盲的可能性分别是A.0 、1/4、0 B.0、1/4、1/4 C.0、1/8、0 D.1/2、1/4、1/86.下列是关于“检测土壤中细菌总数”实验操作的叙述,其中错误..的是A.用蒸馏水配制牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基,经高温、高压灭菌后倒平板B.取104、105、106倍的土壤稀释液和无菌水各0.1 mL,分别涂布于各组平板上C.将实验组和对照组平板倒置,37℃恒温培养24~48小时D.确定对照组无菌后,选择菌落数在300以上的实验组平板进行计数7.石墨烯是由碳原子构成的单层片状结构的新材料(结构示意图如下),可由石墨剥离而成,具有极好的应用前景。

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试(安徽卷)生物

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试(安徽卷)生物

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试(安徽卷)生物学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单选题(本大题共6小题,共36.0分)1.叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述,正确的是()A.叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B.H2O在光下分解为[H]和O2的过程发生在基质中C.CO2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上D.光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的【答案】D【解析】叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体薄膜上,A选项错误。

H2O在光下分解为[H]和O2的过程发生在类囊体的薄膜上,B选项错误。

CO2的固定过程发生在基质中,C选项错误。

光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的,D正确。

2.细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

下列有关叙述正确的是()A.人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B.人的早期胚胎有尾,尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C.细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D.皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物【答案】B【解析】人体各种组织细胞的寿命有长有短,红细胞的寿命只有120天左右,而坐骨神经组织里的细胞伴随人的一生,A错。

人的早期胚胎有尾,尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡(程序性死亡),B 正确。

细胞癌变是原癌基因被激活的结果,C错。

皮肤上的老年斑是细胞衰老的产物,所以D错。

根据表中数据分析,下列结论正确的是()A.第13~25天,成虫数量增长快的主要原因是个体生长加快B.第17~29天,成虫增长率上升、死亡率下降C.第21~37天,成虫增长率的下降与种群密度的改变有关D.第1~37天,成虫数量呈“J”型增长【答案】C第13~25天,成虫数量增长快的主要原因是个体的繁殖加快,A错。

第17~29天,成虫数量增长逐渐缓慢,说明增长率下降,死亡率上升,B错。

第21~37天,成虫数量逐渐增多,种群密度增大,导致生存斗争加剧,成虫增长率下降,C正确。

2009年安徽高考试卷及解答

2009年安徽高考试卷及解答

姓名 座位号(在此卷上答题无效)绝密 ★ 启封前2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共120分)本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

14.原子核聚变可望给人类未来提供丰富的洁净能源。

当氘等离子体被加热到适当高温时,氘核参与的几种聚变反应可能发生,放出能量。

这几种反应总的效果可以表示为241112106243.15H k He d H n MeV →+++由平衡条件可知A .k =1 d =4B .k =2 d =2C .k =1 d =6D .k =2 d =3 答案:B15.2009年2月11日,俄罗斯的“宇宙-2251”卫星和美国的“铱-33”卫星在西伯利亚上空约 805km 处发生碰撞。

这是历史上首次发生的完整在轨卫星碰撞事件。

碰撞过程中产生的 大量碎片可能会影响太空环境。

假定有甲、乙两块碎片,绕地球运动的轨道都是圆,甲的运行速率比乙的大,则下列说法中正确的是 A .甲的运行周期一定比乙的长 B .甲距地面的高度一定比乙的高 C .甲的向心力一定比乙的小 D .甲的加速度一定比乙的大 答案:D16.大爆炸理论认为,我们的宇宙起源于137亿年前的一次大爆炸。

除开始瞬间外,在演化至今的大部分时间内,宇宙基本上是匀速膨胀的。

上世纪末,对1A 型超新星的观测显示,宇宙正在加速膨胀,面对这个出人意料的发现,宇宙学家探究其背后的原因,提出宇宙的大部分可能由暗能量组成,它们的排斥作用导致宇宙在近段天文时期内开始加速膨胀。

如果真是这样,则标志宇宙大小的宇宙半径R 和宇宙年龄的关系,大致是下面哪个图像?答案:C17.为了节省能量,某商场安装了智能化的电动扶梯。

无人乘行时,扶梯运转得很慢;有人站上扶梯时,它会先慢慢加速,再匀速运转。

一顾客乘扶梯上楼,恰好经历了这两个过程,如图所示。

那么下列说法中正确的是A .顾客始终受到三个力的作用ttttABCDB .顾客始终处于超重状态C .顾客对扶梯作用力的方向先指向左下方,再竖直向下D .顾客对扶梯作用的方向先指向右下方,再竖直向下 答案:C18.在光滑的绝缘水平面上,有一个正方形的abcd ,顶点a 、c 处分别固定一个正点电荷,电荷量相等,如图所示。

2009年全国高考理综试题及答案-安徽卷

2009年全国高考理综试题及答案-安徽卷

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择)两部分.第一卷第1页至第5页.第Ⅱ卷第6页至第12页。

全卷满分300分。

考生注意事项:1、答题前.务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号.并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。

务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。

2、答第一卷时.每小题选出答案后.用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动.用橡皮擦干净后.再选涂其他答案标号。

3、答第二卷时.必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上....书写.要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。

作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡...规定的位置给出.确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。

必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答.超出答题区域书写的答案无效....................在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效........。

4、考试结束.务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷本卷共20小题.每小题6分.共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中.只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 12 Cr 52 Fe 561、叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述.正确的是A.叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B.H2O在光下分解为[H]和O2的过程发生在基质中C.CO2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上D.光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的答案:D解析:叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体膜上.H2O在光下分解的过程也是在类囊体膜上进行的.CO2的固定和淀粉的合成发生在暗反应中.在叶绿体的基质中进行。

所以D正确。

2、细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

下列有关叙述正确的是A.人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B.人的早期胚胎有尾.尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C.细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D.皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物答案:B解析:细胞会随着分裂次数的增多而衰老.可见人体各组织细胞的衰老不是同步进行的;环境中的致癌因子损伤细胞中的DNA.使原癌基因和抑癌基因发生突变.导致正常细胞的生长和分裂失控而变成癌细胞.是细胞不正常分化的结果;皮肤上的老年斑是细胞内的色素随细胞的衰老而逐渐积累的结果;人的早期胚胎有尾.尾部细胞会随着发育逐渐凋亡。

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试安徽卷

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试安徽卷

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择)两部分,第一卷第1页至第5页,第Ⅱ卷第6页至第12页。

全卷满分300分。

考生注意事项:1. 答题前,务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号,并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。

务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。

2. 答第一卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

3. 答第二卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上....书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。

作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡...规定的位置给出,确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。

必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、...................草稿纸上答题无效........。

4. 考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 12 Cr 52 Fe 561. 叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述,正确的是A.叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B.H2O在光下分解为[H]和O2的过程发生在基质中C.CO2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上D.光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的答案:D解析:叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体膜上,H2O在光下分解的过程也是在类囊体膜上进行的,CO2的固定和淀粉的合成发生在暗反应中,在叶绿体的基质中进行。

所以D正确。

2. 细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

下列有关叙述正确的是A.人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B.人的早期胚胎有尾,尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C.细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D.皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物答案:B解析:细胞会随着分裂次数的增多而衰老,可见人体各组织细胞的衰老不是同步进行的;环境中的致癌因子损伤细胞中的DNA,使原癌基因和抑癌基因发生突变,导致正常细胞的生长和分裂失控而变成癌细胞,是细胞不正常分化的结果;皮肤上的老年斑是细胞内的色素随细胞的衰老而逐渐积累的结果;人的早期胚胎有尾,尾部细胞会随着发育逐渐凋亡。

2009年高考试题——理综(安徽卷)Word版 缺答案

2009年高考试题——理综(安徽卷)Word版 缺答案

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择)两部分,第一卷第1页至第5页,第Ⅱ卷第6页至第12页。

全卷满分300分。

考生注意事项:1.答题前,务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号,并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。

务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。

2.答第一卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

3.答第二卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上....书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。

作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡...规定的位置给出,确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。

必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效.............,.在试题卷....、.草稿纸上答题无效........。

4.考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量):H 1C 12O 16S 12Cr52Fe 561.叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述,正确的是A.叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B.H 2O 在光下分解为[H]和O 2的过程发生在基质中C.CO 2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上D.光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的2.细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

下列有关叙述正确的是A.人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B.人的早期胚胎有尾,尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C.细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D.皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物3.用牛奶瓶培养黑腹果蝇,观察成虫数量的变化,结果如下表:时间(天)15913172125293337成虫数(只)6102871131207270302327341根据表中数据分析,下列结果正确的是A.第13-25天,成虫数量增长快的主要原因是个体生长加快。

2009年安徽省高考理综试题及答案(word版含答案)

2009年安徽省高考理综试题及答案(word版含答案)

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择)两部分,第一卷第1页至第5页,第Ⅱ卷第6页至第12页。

全卷满分300分。

考生注意事项:1. 答题前,务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号,并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。

务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。

For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use2. 答第一卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

3. 答第二卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上....书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。

作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡...规定的位置给出,确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。

必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、...................草稿纸上答题无效........。

4. 考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

For personal use only in study and research; not for commercialuse第Ⅰ卷本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 12 Cr 52 Fe 56 1.叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述,正确的是A.叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B.For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial useC.D.H2O在光下分解为[H]和O2的过程发生在基质中E.CO2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上F.光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的2.细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

2009年全国高考理综化学试题及答案-安徽卷

2009年全国高考理综化学试题及答案-安徽卷

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择)两部分,第一卷第1页至第5页,第Ⅱ卷第6页至第12页。

全卷满分300分。

考生注意事项:1. 答题前,务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号,并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。

务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。

2. 答第一卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

3. 答第二卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。

作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡规定的位置给出,确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。

必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。

4. 考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 12 Cr 52 Fe 56 7. 石墨烯是由碳原子构成的单层片状结构的新材料(结构示意图如下),可由石墨剥离而成,具有极好的应用前景。

下列说法正确的是A.石墨烯与石墨互为同位素B.0.12g石墨烯中含有6.02*1022个碳原子C石墨烯是一种有机物D.石墨烯中的碳原子间以共价键结合答案:D解析:同位素的研究对象是原子,A选项错误;0.12g石墨烯的物质的量为0.01mol,所含碳原子个数为0.01N A,B选项错误;有机物一般含有碳、氢元素,C选项错误;由图示可知,石墨烯中碳原子间均为共价键结合,D 选项正确。

8. 北京奥运会期间对大量盆栽鲜花施用了S-诱抗素制剂,以保证鲜花盛开,S-诱抗素的分子结构如图,下列关于该分子说法正确的是A.含有碳碳双键、羟基、羰基、羧基B.含有苯环、羟基、羰基、羧基C.含有羟基、羰基、羧基、酯基D.含有碳碳双键、苯环、羟基、羰基 答案:A解析:从图示可以分析,该有机物的结构中存在3个碳碳双键、1个羰基、1个醇羟基、1个羧基。

2009年高考理综试题及答案(新课标卷)

2009年高考理综试题及答案(新课标卷)

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试第Ⅰ卷一、选择题:每小题6分,在每小题给出的4个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1. 下列关于动物细胞编程性死亡的叙述,正确的是A.细胞癌变属于细胞编程性死亡B. 细胞编程性死亡属于正常生理过程C.细胞编程性死亡属于细胞分化过程D.细胞编程性死亡与基因表达无关2. 右图表示酶活性与温度的关系。

下列叙述正确的是A.当反应温度由t2调到最适温度时,酶活性下降B.当反应温度由t1调到最适温度时,酶活性上升C.酶活性在t2时比t1高,故t2时更适合酶的保存D.酶活性在t1时比t2低,表明t1时酶的空间结构破坏更严重3. 下列关于物质跨膜运输的叙述,错误..的是A.植物细胞积累K+ 需消耗能量B.细胞对离子的吸收具有选择性C.海水中的海藻细胞可通过积累溶质防止质壁分离D.液泡中积累大量离子,故液泡膜不具有选择透过性4. 下列关于激素的叙述,错误..的是A.肾上腺素发挥作用后被灭活B.体内失水过多时抗利尿激素释放减少C.激素调节过程中存在反馈调节D.对血样中相关激素水平的分析可帮助诊断甲状腺疾病5. 下列对于神经兴奋的叙述,错误..的是A.兴奋部位细胞膜两侧的电位表现为膜内为正、膜外为负B.神经细胞兴奋时细胞膜对Na+ 通透性增大C.兴奋在反射弧中以神经冲动的方式双向传递D.细胞膜内外K+、Na+ 分布不均匀是神经纤维兴奋传导的基础6. 已知某闭花受粉植物高茎对矮茎为显性,红花对白花为显性,两对性状独立遗传。

用纯合的高茎红花与矮茎白花杂交,F 1自交,播种所有的F 2,假定所有的F 2植株都能成活,F 2植株开花时,拔掉所有的白花植株,假定剩余的每株F 2自交收获的种子数量相等,且F 3的表现型符合遗传的基本定律。

从理论上讲F 3中表现白花植株的比例为A .1/4 B.1/6 C.1/8 D.1/167. 将22.4L 某气态氮氧化合物与足量的灼热铜粉完全反应后,气体体积变为11.2L (体积均在相同条件下测定),则该氮氧化合物的化学式为A .2NO B. 23N O C. 2N O D. 24N O 8. 3-甲基戊烷的一氯代产物有(不考虑立体异构)A.3种B.4种C.5种D.6种9. 下列化合物中既能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色,又能在光照下与溴发生取代反应的是A.甲苯B.乙醇C.丙烯D.乙烯 10. 硫代硫酸钠溶液与稀硫酸反应的化学方程式为:223242422Na S O +H SO =Na SO +SO +S +H O ,下列各组实验中最先出现浑浊的是11. 将氢氧化钠稀溶液滴加到醋酸稀溶液中,下列各图示意混合溶液有关量或性质的变化趋势,其中错误..的是12. 能正确表示下列反应的例子方程式是A. 向次氯酸钙溶液通入过量CO 2:Ca 2++2ClO -+CO 2+H 2O =CaCO 3↓+2HClOB. 向次氯酸钙溶液通入SO 2:Ca 2++2ClO -+SO 2+H 2O= CaSO 3↓+2HClO C. 氢氧化钙溶液与碳酸氢镁溶液反应:HCO 3-+Ca 2++OH -=CaCO 3↓+H 2O D. 在氯化亚铁溶液中加入稀硝酸:3Fe 2++4H ++NO 3-=3Fe 3++NO↑+2H 2O 13. 在一定温度下,反应2211H (g)+X (g)HX(g)22的平衡常数为10。

[理综]2009年高考安徽理科综合试题及参考答案

[理综]2009年高考安徽理科综合试题及参考答案

短文改错练习Once, lately at night, an Englishman came out of his room into a passage of the hotel and ask the servant to bring her a glass of water. The servant did like he was asked. The Englishman returned his room, and a few minutes later he came into the passage again and once more asked the servant a glass of water. Every a few minutes the Englishman would come out of his room and repeated his request. After half an hour the astonishing servant decided to ask the man what he was doing with the water. "Nothing," answered him calmly. "It's simply that the room is on fire.短文改错练习I gave my housekeeper an old pair trousers to wash and went in the study to read. My housekeeper usually looked through my pocket before wash my clothes, but for some reasons he failed to do so this time. When I was reading, I suddenly remember that there was a five-pounds note in the back pocket of the trousers I had told her to wash it. I dropped my book and rushed into the bathroom, but it is too late. My housekeeper said that my trousers had been in a washing machine for fifteen minutes already.短文改错练习One afternoon on April, 1912 , a new ship set off from England to America on it first trip. It was one of the largest and first ship at that time. It was cold, but the ship was pleasant and people are enjoying themselves. The next day was even cold. People could see icebergs here or there. It was night, suddenly, the man on watch shouting "Look out! Iceberg!" It was too late. A ship hit the iceberg and came to a stopping. There was a very big hole in the ship and water began to come. Slowly the ship started to go down.短文改错练习I've a friend who has a big police dog is named Jack. Every Sunday afternoon my friend took Jack for a long walk in the park. Jack likes these walk in the park very well.One Sunday a young man visits my friends. He stayed a long time. They talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for his walk, but the visitor still sat talking. Jack became worrying about his walk in the park. He walked around the room several times but then he sat right in front of the visitor and looked at him. But the visitor paid none attention. He continued talking. Finally Jack could stand it any longer. He held the visitor's hat in his mouth.短文改错练习(74)June 12, Sunday FineToday is Sunday. I didn't get up early as usually. In the morning after I finished my homework, I do some washing. Then I telephoned one of my classmate and invited him to see a film. And unfortunately, when we got to the cinema at 3:00 p.m., we found all the tickets had sold out. Then we went back to school and played the football. After this, when we were about to going home, we saw our English teacher, Mr. Wang, coming. He told us we had made great progresses in English this term. He also suggested that we should read more and wrote more. We promised him that we would listen his advice.短文改错练习(75)In autumn of 1935, when I was a young man, I was traveling in the north of Indian. One evening, after hunted in the forest all day, I was returning to the place which I had put up my tent. It was getting dark, but I was walking along a road. Suddenly I saw two eye glaring at me from among the trees. What can I do? Should I jump into the river to save my life? Then I looked at the right. In the river there had a big crocodile waiting to welcome me with its mouth was wide open.短文改错练习(76)Cats are animals of habit. They like to go to sleep about same time every day but for a certain length of time. They seem to have a natural clock inside it that tells them how to sleep. Besides their regularly sleep, cats take naps(打盹). Some scientists think that people should also take cat naps. The habit would do good for people's health. Cat naps helped build up energy in the body. Since cats have moods(情绪) like these of people, scientists believe that people can improve their moods with cat-napping. People might become more happier and more active.短文改错练习(78)When I first learned to write in English, I ran into much difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her advice and should put down 100 words. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself as I was learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote a story and showed to my teacher. He liked it very much that he reads it to the class. All said that the story was a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me .短文改错练习(79)The winter holiday, when I am looking forward to, is coming. What fun it is to have sports! Play football is one of my hobby. I can also ride my bicycle, climb high mountains, or go skating. Sometime I can play the chess with Grandfather. How interested my holiday will be! But my father is always afraid I would be hurt by a truck, fall into water, and fall off a tree. He is afraid I would fight against others or taken away by bad men. But if I’m friendly and carefully enough, how will these things happen? I must try best to persuade my father.短文改错练习(80)Tom had retired and lived lonely a long way from town. He hardly never left his home. But one day he went to town buy some things in the market, and after he had bought it, he went into a restaurant and sit down at a table by himself. When he looked around, he saw several old peoples put up glasses before reading their newspapers. So after the lunch he decided to go to a store to buy himself a pair of glasses, either, He walked along a wide street and fast found a store.短文改错练习(81)My parents were all standing there, shouting at each other. The word "divorce(离婚)" was repeated and broke my heart each time. I had trapped between them and didn't know what to do. A million thoughts rushed into my mind, but nothing of them could ease my feelings. I rushed back to my room, seated down in silence and stared out of the window. The leaves were floated in the air. They struggled trying to catch the wind and finally they had to fall on the ground.I knew I was not the only one had gone through this. But I must learn to fight against this. Later in the day I took up with a pen and wrote down "It is until I take a step back and look at my family that I can really appreciate life. All of this has helped me grow strongly and mature(成熟)."短文改错练习(82)Dear editor,In the past my hometown was used to be a beautiful place. Thick trees and green grass can be seen everywhere. In order to build house and grow more crops, people cut down more and more trees. With time went on, the whole forest was almost destroyed. Gradually the green hills have changed into wasteland. As a result, sandstorms struck us now and then, from that we suffer a lot. However, I do hope all the people should realize the terribly result of not caring about our environment. What's more, they should take good care of the forests and plant trees instead cuttingthem down to improve our living conditions.短文改错练习(83)When I found out that my train would three hours late, I decided to get a bus instead. I was about to rush out of the train station while a well-dressed old man took me by my arm, "Young lady," said the gentleman, "Shouldn't you find out the bus schedule (时刻表) before you rush out to catch the bus?". I stared to him with my mouth opened. How did he read my mind? Before I can say a word, he added, "You see, my train is also running lately. The same idea came to me. But I think a good conversation that can help pass the time. Before you know it, your train will be there."短文改错练习(84)Dear Kang Li,I haven't heard you for a long time. How are you? I had just finished the exams. Now I'm glad I have time to write for you. Our teacher tells us that China is a big country has the most population in the world. It's on the other side of the world. Now the sun is shining bright here and perhaps you're sleeping in the dark night. I wish to know anything more about the Chinese way of living. I wonder at if you can tell me about it in your next letter. Please writing soon.短文改错练习(85)I visited the zoo yesterday, and I was very unhappy and angry about the things what I saw. The large animals were in small cages. The lion was walking back and forth. It was completely boring. The tiger fell asleep all the afternoon. I see people feeding the fish. They were throwing rices and meat into the pond, which could kill the fish, but no one tried stop them. When I had the drink at the zoo restaurant, the waiter served me rude. Outside the restaurant, the rubbish bins were full and rubbish was blowing everywhere. It seems that the zoo doesn't look the animals or the visitors very well. subject, nothing else seemed very practically to me. I never saw how I could use it in my daily life.短文改错练习(88)Some Americans judge success on the length of his vacations. The man who gets a month’s vacation each year consider himself more successful than the man gets two weeks . Many people want to be teachers so it is teachers who can get three-month vacation every year . Some college teachers who teach the three classes consider themselves less successful than that who teach only one or two , or none in all . In short , the less work Americans do , the less successful they consider themselves .短文改错练习(91)Rowena and Billy Wrangler are model high school student. They study hard. They do extreme well in achievement tests. And next year, Rowena will attend the Harvard University. Billy, her younger brother, hope to go to Cornell. That makes Rowena and Billy different from most students is they don’t go to school. In fact, They’ve never been to school. Since kindergarten, they have studied at home. Neither Rowena or Billy feels as if they have missed out on nothing by being taught at home. As many of the more than one million people who accept home schooling in the United States, they feel as if they have gotten a good education.短文改错练习(92)Did you enjoy yourself ye sterday? I suppose you do. But I’d like to tell you what a bad day Ihad yesterday. Nothing just went wrong. On the morning, my alarm clock didn’t ring,since I woke up an hour late. I was in such a hurry that I burnt my hand when I was cooking the breakfast. Then I ran out of the house to catch the 8:30 buses. This is the bus I usually take. But, to my regret, I missed it. I am very unhappy, and scared as well because my teacher hates the students come late to school. So I ran three miles to school only to discover that everybody was there. The school was quiet but peaceful. Our classroom was locked. I realized that moment: it was Sunday.短文改错练习(93)Get a good education is more important today than ever before. In Canada children most attend public schools. Public schools are mainly found by governments through tax income. Students in Canada taught in English and in French. The rest of Canadian children is to attend private schools, that are supported mainly by fees paying by parents .By law, the children must attend the school from age 5 to 16. There are several different levels in the Canadian education system. The first is called Elementary School, which include kindergartens through grade 7 or 8. From grades 8 or 9 through 12 or 13, children go to Secondary School or high school. High school students must take certain course for several years, such as English or French and mathematics.短文改错练习(94)Yesterday we went to grow trees on the hill near our school. The boys were made dig pits(坑).The girls were told to plant the young trees into the pits. All of us worked very hardly. Soon we were all wet with sweats. After the young trees were planted, we began to water it. The water was at the foot of the hill. But we stood in line to pass pails(桶) of water from one to other up to the hill. We did not finish water the trees until it was dark. Though we were tired, but we feel very happy.短文改错练习(95)A kind of little car may someday take place of today’s big ones. If people drive such cars in the future, there would be less pollution in the air. There will be more spaces for parking cars in cities. The streets will be less crowd. And driving will be safe as these little cars can go only 65 km per hour. The future cars will be fine for getting round a city, so they will not be useful for long trips. Little cars will go 200 km, before needing to stop for more gases. If big cars are still used along with the small ones, two sets of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be used for the big fast cars and another roads will be needed for the slow small ones. It is said that three so little cars fit in with the space now needed for one car the usual size.短文改错练习(95)1. take place---take the place;2. would---will;3. spaces---space;4.crowd---crowed;5. safe---safer;6. so---but;7. gases---gas;8. another---other;9.so---such; 10. fit in with---fit in短文改错练习(96)It was fine yesterday. The sun was shining in the sky. I went boating by myself. I didn’t take many friends with me because I wanted to be lonely. I hired a boat and rowed slowly to the center of lake. A fresh breeze was blowing, fish was swimming and birds were singing. When I reached the center, I took up the paddles(桨)and lie down in the boat. With the blue sky over me or green water around me, I was extreme relaxed. About two hours passed in this way before I knew them.I came back to home very late. I didn’t feel tiring at all, for I had really had a good time.短文改错练习(97)I was anxiously expected your letter, and at last it has reached to me. I am very glad to know that everyone at home is enjoying good health as usually. Things here are same now as they were ago. The final examination will take place next week. But I am now busy with preparing my lessons. It’s nice to think that the summer vacation is come near. I can’t say how much I want to see you all again. I am looking forward to spend summer days with you. Give my love to Father, Mother and anyone at home.短文改错练习(98)One afternoon, when I was on my way home, the sky changed suddenly. Dark clouds were gathered. I began to feel worried because I didn’t have both a raincoat or umbrella about me . It soon started to rain. Just as I was hurrying home, I heard someone calling me from behind . I turned to have a look and find that he was Liu Wei, a good neighbour of me. He offered to share his umbrella with me. We walked all the ways home. Without Liu Wei’s help, I would have got wet to the skin. How much thankful I was to his help!短文改错练习(99)I worried about the missed bag all the evening. I tried to remember exact what I had done from the time I left the store until at the time I got home. I remembered whether I had looked at the bag while I was having lunch. So I might have had it while I left the store. I remembered showing it to a friend on the bus. But I had the bag then. I came directly from the bus to my house, and I must have forgotten it on the bus. I was in hurry to get off and forget to check the packages lying on the floor. I should be much careful next time.短文改错练习(100)A man stopped at a flower shop to order some flowers to be sent to his mother. When getting out of his car he looked a young girl sobbing, he asked her what was the wrong. She replied, ―I want to buy a red rose for my mother, I only have 75 cents. A rose cost 2 dollars.‖ The man smiled and said, ―Come on in with me….‖ He bought her flowers and ordered him own. While leaving he offered the girl a ride home. She said, ―Yes, please! You must take me to my mother.‖ She directed him to a cemetery, there she placed the roses on a freshly dug grave. The man returned to the flower shop, canceled the order, choose a bouquet and drove 200 miles for his mother’s house.短文改错练习(101)Many scientists believe that life begins in the ocean long ago. For age man used the ocean to discover and explore new lands. Now man spends a great deal of time or money in discovering the ocean. We know it is rich at minerals which the world need. We know too that it contains a plenty of food for all the people in the world. We know that if the salt were taken from it, it’s water would turn the deserts into rich farm land. We know a great deal about this land frontier(新领域), as it has called. But we still need to learn many more about it.短文改错练习(102)After a day of work and play, the body needs to have a rest. Sleep is necessary for good healthy. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the day. The rest that you get it while sleeping enable your body to prepare itself for the next day. There are four levels of sleep. Each is a little deep than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax. Your heart beats slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back or forth from one level of sleep to the other. If you have trouble fall asleep, some people suggest breathing slowly and deeply. And other people believe that drink warm milk helps make you sleepy. There is also an old advice that counting sheeps put you to sleep.短文改错练习(103)Though now I am a college student, but I still remember many things in the primary school and one of it is always kept in my mind. As a schoolboy I used to being very lazy at school, and I played a lot after class but did few in class. One afternoon before school was over, our head teacher was giving us last class, when I fell sleepy. He went on teaching without wake me up. When school was over, he asked the other student to leave the classroom quiet, leaving me locked in the classroom. You can imagine what hard I cried for help when I finally woke up.短文改错练习(104)Have you ever asked you why students go to school? You may say they go to school to learn language, maths, history, science and other subject. But why do they learn this? And are these all that they learn at the school? Students go to school to preparing themselves for the time when they grow up and have to work for themselves. They learn their native language in order that they could understand that others write and say, and make themselves clearly understand. They learn foreign languages in order to benefit what foreign people write and say.短文改错练习(105)Yesterday was my birthday. I accepted lots of presents. All the presents were wrapped with color, beautiful and soft paper. Among them was two really interesting. My sister brought me a paper bag. I thought there would have a football in the bag. Not until I opened it I find it was a clock. My brother gave me a note, that read, ―My present has been put in your bedroom.‖ When I hurry into my bedroom, I found a box. Opened the box, I found a pocket computer. I was more than exciting, and realized they suggested that I study hard and do not waste time.短文改错练习(106)I went to the Summer Palace on last week. At the gate I happened to meet some America tourists. I greeted him in English and then we began to chat. I get to know that they were college students travel in China. They were busy in taking photos and were much impressed with the changes had taken place in the past few years. After that, we went boating on a lake and have a good time. We exchanged our email address so that we can write to each other in the future. They thanked me again and again. I was very glad to have a chance to practising my oral EnglishKey:短文改错练习(70)1. lately-late2. ask-asked3.her-him4.like-as5. and-but6. servant-servant for7. 去掉a8. repeated-repeat9. astonishing-astonished 10. him-he短文改错练习(71)1. pair-pair of2. in-into3. wash-washing4. reasons-reason5. he-she6. remember-remembered7. pounds-pound8. 去掉it9. is-was 10. a-the短文改错练习(72)1. on→in2. it→its3. ship→ships4. are→were5.cold→colder6. or→and7. shouting→shouted8. A→The9.stopping-stop 10. come→come in短文改错练习(73)1. 去掉is2.took→takes3. well→much4. walk-walks 5 visits-visited6. friends-friend7. worrying→worried8.but→and9. none→no 10. could-could not 短文改错练习(74)1. usually---usual2. do→did3. classmate ---classmates4. And ---But5.had∧been6. the 去掉7. going-go8. progresses-progress9. wrote---write 10. listen---take/follow短文改错练习(75)1. In-In the2. Indian-India3. hunted-hunting4. in ∧which 或which改为where5.but-and6.eye –eyes7. can –could8. at –to9. had-was 10.去掉was短文改错练习(76)1. same-the same2. and-but3. it--them4. when-how5. regular—regularly6. for–to7. helped-help8. these-those9. with-by 10. 去掉more短文改错练习(78)1. much—many2. anything--everything3. my—a4. 去掉should5. talk--talking6. me--myself7. to前加it8. very--so9. reads--read 10.word—words短文改错练习(79)1. When—which2. Play—Playing3. hobby—hobbies4. Sometime—sometimes5.去掉the6. interesting—interested7. and---or8. or后加be9. carefully—careful 10. try 后加my 短文改错练习(80)1. Lonely→alone2. never→ever3. buy前加to4. it→them5. sit→sat6. peoples→people7. up--on8. 去掉the9. either→too 10.fast→soon短文改错练习(81)1. all→both2. had→was3. nothing→none4. seated→sat或后加myself5. floated--floating6. and→but7. had前加who8. 去掉with9. until前加not 10. strongly--strong短文改错练习(82)去掉was can--could house→houses With→As或went →going struck→strike that—which However→So terribly→terrible they→we instead后加of短文改错练习(83)1. would后加be2. get→ take3. while → when4. my→ the5. to--at6. opened →open7. can→could8. lately—late9. A→The 10. 去掉that短文改错练习(84)1. heard后加from2. had---have3. for---to4. has前加that 或which/has---with5.most---largest 6. bright---brightly 7. and---but 8. anything---something 9.去掉at 10. writing--write短文改错练习(85)1. and→but2. 去掉what或把what改为that/which3. boring-bored4. see→saw5. rices→rice6. tried后面加to7. the→a或去掉the8. rude→rudely9. blowing→blown 10. look后加after 短文改错练习(86)1. in → in the2. her → him3. say → said4. past → passed5. anywhere → somewhere6. told前加was7. immediate → immediately8. 去掉in9. or → and 10. Under → with短文改错练习(87)1. class—classes2. them前加of3. or—and4. it—they5. understood—understand6. what—how7. 去掉the8. most—least 9.learn—learning 10.practically—practical 短文改错练习(88)1. on-by2. his-their3. consider-considers4. the man-the man who5. So-beause/as6. get-get a7. 删去the8. that-those9. in- at 10. less-more短文改错练习(91)1. student---students;2. extreme---extremely;3. the Harvard University---Harvard University;4. hope---hopes;5.That---What;6. is they---is that they;7. or---nor;8. nothing---anything;9. As---Like; 10. accept---receive短文改错练习(92)1. do---did;2. Nothing---Everything;3. On---In;4. since---so;5. the breakfast---breakfast;6. buses---bus7. am---was;8. come---coming;9. everybody---nobody; 10. but---and 短文改错练习(93)1. Get---Getting;2. most---mostly;3. found---founded;4. taught---are taught;5. is---are;6. that ---which;7. paying—paid;8. the school---school;9. include---includes; 10. course---courses短文改错练习(94)1. grow---plant;2. dig---to dig;3. hardly---hard;4. sweats---sweat;5. it---them;6. But---So;7. other---another;8. water---watering;9. fee---felt; 10. but we---we短文改错练习(96)1. many---any;2. lonely---alone;3. lake---the lake;4. fish was---fish were;5. lie---lay;6. or---and;7. extreme---extremely;8. them---it;9. to home---home; 10. tiring---tired短文改错练习(97)1. expected---expecting2. reached to---reached3. usually---usual4. same---the same5. ago---before6. But---So7. with---in8. come---coming9. spend---spending 10. anyone---everyone短文改错练习(98)1. sky---weather2. gathered---gathering3. both---either4. umbrella---an umbrella5. find---found6. he---it7.. me---mine8.. ways---way9. How much---How 10. to---for短文改错练习(99)1.missed---missing2. exact---exactly3. at the time---the time4. whether---that5. might---must6. But---So7. forgotten---left8. in hurry---in a hurry9. forget---forgot10. much---more短文改错练习(100)1. looked---noticed2. the wrong---wrong3. I only---but I only4. cost---costs5. him---his6. While---When/As7. must---can8. there---where9. choose---chose 10. for---to短文改错练习(101)1. begins---began2. age---ages3. or---and4. at---in5. need---needs6. a plenty of--- plenty of7. it’s---its8. land---lands9. has---has been 10. many---much短文改错练习(102)1. healthy---health2. enable---enables3. get it---get4. deep---deeper5. slowly---more slowly6. or---and7. fall---falling8. drink---drinking9. advice---suggestion 10. sheeps---sheep短文改错练习(103)1. 去掉but2. it---them3. being---be4. few---little5. last class---the last class6. sleepy---asleep7. wake---waking8. student---students9. quiet---quietly 10. what---how短文改错练习(104)1. you→yourself2. language→ languages3. subject→ subjects4. this→these5. at the school→at school6. preparing→prepare7. could---can8. that→what9. understand→understood10. benefit 后加from短文改错练习(105)1. accepted→ received2. with---in3. was---were4. have→be5. I find→did I find6. that→ which7. hurry---hurried8. Opened → Opening9. exciting→excited10. do not→ not短文改错练习(106)1. on last week---last week2. America→American3. him→them4. get---got5. travel→trav elling6. changes后加that7. have→had8. address→addresses9. can---could 10. practising→practise。

安徽高考理综(物理部分)试题及解析(Word版)

安徽高考理综(物理部分)试题及解析(Word版)

高中物理学习材料(马鸣风萧萧**整理制作)2009年高考安徽卷理科综合能力测试物理部分试题全解全析【试卷总评】今年是安徽省实现新课程的首次高考,今年理综物理卷紧扣课程标准,严格遵循2009年安徽省高考考试说明,从传统的高考到新课程背景下的首次高考过渡平稳,既体现了我省中学物理教学的实际状况,又体现了新课程的理念。

试题覆盖面广,在着重考查考试说明中的主干知识的同时,又考查了考生的推理能力、分析综合能力、实验能力、探究能力、应用数学知识处理物理问题的能力。

今年的理科综合中的物理分值为110分,08年为120分。

题型与08年相同,为选择题、实验题和计算题。

选择题7题,共42分,比08年减少一题,分值少6分;实验题和08年相似均为力学实验和电学实验,共18分;计算题和08年相同均为3题,但分值比08年少4分。

难度比08年有所下降,考查知识点比08年少(见下表)。

今年的理综试题主要体现了以下几点:一、重视基础知识的考查(受力分析、牛顿运动定律、动能定理);二、立足课本,如第21题实验题,既考虑到我省不同层次中学物理实验教学条件的实际情况,又体现了考查考生实验动手能力、探究学习能力的精神。

三道实验题的素材、情境均来源于课本,但考查的角度、设问的方式又区别于课本,只有亲自做实验的考生才能正确作答,对中学物理实验教学有着很好的导向作用;三、题目新颖,体现时代特征,如第14题的洁净能源、第15题的卫星碰撞、第16题的大爆炸理论、第17题的智能化电动扶梯、第22题的残奥会、第24题的过山车等,在考查考生基本知识和基本技能的同时,注意理论联系实际,注意科学技术和社会、经济发展、生活等方面的广泛应用;四、试题既有利于促进中学物理教学又有利于各类高校选拔人才。

如第16题,考查了考生的知识迁移能力;第20题在考查考生分析、综合能力的同时,又考查了考生的空间想象能力。

第24题作为压轴题,试题层次分明、难度递进,具有较好的区分度,对考生缜密、细致思考问题的能力有一定的要求。

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试第I卷(选择题,共120分)本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:c52相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 32r7.是没烯是由碳原子构成的单层片状结构的新材料(结构示意图如下),可由石墨剥离而成,具有极好的应用前景。

下列说法正确的是A.石墨烯与石墨互为同位素B.0.12g石墨烯中含6.02×1022个碳原子C.石墨烯是一种有机物D.石墨烯中碳原子间以共价键结合8北京奥运会期间对大量盆栽鲜花施用了S-诱抗素制剂,以保持鲜花盛开。

S-诱抗素的分子结构如图,下列关于该分子说法正确的是A含有碳碳双键、羟基、碳基,羧基B含有苯环、羟基、碳基,羧基C含有羟基、碳基,羧基,酯基D含有碳碳双键、苯环,羟基、羧基9下列选用的相关仪器负荷试验要求的是10,在溶液中能大量共存的一组离子或分子式A 4NH +、H +、3NO -、3HCO -、B K+3AI +.24SO -,32NH H O ∙ C Na +,K +,23SO -2Cl D Na +,3CH COO -,23CO -,OH - 11汽车尾气净化中的一个反应如下:()NO g +()CO g −−→←−− 122()N g +2()CO g ⊿H=-373.4KJ*1mol - 在恒容得密闭容器中,反应达平衡后,改变某一条件,下列示意图正确的是12. 2Cu O 是一种半导体材料,基于绿色化学理念设计的制取2Cu O 的电解池示意图如下,点解总反应为:22Cu H O +−−−→←−−−通电2Cu O +2H ↑。

下列说法正确的是A 石墨电极上产生氢气B 铜电极发生还原反应C 铜电极直接流电源的负极D 当有0.1mol 电子转移时,有0.1moI 2Cu O 生成13.向体积Va 的0.05mol ·1L - C 3H COOH 溶液中加入体积为Vb 的0.05mol ·1L -KOH 溶液,下列关系错误的是A. Va >Vb 时:c (C 3H COOH )+c (C 3H CO 1O -)>c (K +)B .Va =Vb 时:c (C 3H COOH )+ c (H +)=c (O H -)C .Va <Vb 时:c (C 3H CO 1O -)>c (K +)>c (O H -)>c (H +)D. Va 与Vb 任意比时:c (K +)+ c (H +)= c (O H -)+ c (C 3H CO 1O -)2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试第II 卷(非选择题 共180分)25.(17分)W 、X 、Y 、Z 是周期表前36号元素中的四种常见元素,其原子系数依次增大。

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2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(安徽卷)理科综合能力测试本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择)两部分,第一卷第1页至第5页,第Ⅱ卷第6页至第12页。

全卷满分300分。

考生注意事项:1. 答题前,务必在试题卷、答题卡规定的地方填写自己的姓名、座位号,并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码中姓名、座位号与本人姓名、座位号是否一致。

务必在答题卡背面规定的地方填写姓名和座位号后两位。

For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use2. 答第一卷时,每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

3. 答第二卷时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上....书写,要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。

作图题可先用铅笔在答题卡...规定的位置给出,确认后再用0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。

必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效,在试题卷、...................草稿纸上答题无效........。

4. 考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

For personal use only in study and research; not for commercialuse第Ⅰ卷本卷共20小题,每小题6分,共120分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。

以下数据可供解题时参考:For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 O 16 S 12 Cr 52 Fe 56 1.叶绿体是植物进行光合作用的场所。

下列关于叶绿体结构与功能的叙述,正确的是A.叶绿体中的色素主要分布在类囊体腔内B.For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial useC.D.H2O在光下分解为[H]和O2的过程发生在基质中E.CO2的固定过程发生在类囊体薄膜上F.光合作用的产物——淀粉是在基质中合成的2.细胞的分化、衰老和凋亡是普遍存在的生命现象。

下列有关叙述正确的是A.人体各种组织细胞的衰老是同步进行的B.人的早期胚胎有尾,尾部细胞随着发育逐渐凋亡C.细胞癌变是细胞高度分化的结果D.皮肤上的“老年斑”是细胞凋亡的产物3.用牛奶瓶培养黑腹果蝇,观察成虫数量的变化,结果如下表:根据表中数据分析,下列结果正确的是A.第13-25天,成虫数量增长快的主要原因是个体生长加快。

B.第17-29天,成虫增长率上升,死亡率下降C.第21-37天,成虫增长率的下降与种群密度的改变有关D.第1-37天,成虫数量成“J”型增长4.2008年诺贝尔化学奖授予了“发现和发展了水母绿色荧光蛋白“的三位科学家。

将绿色荧光蛋白基因的片段与目的基因连接起来组成一个融合基因,再将该融合基因转入真核生物细胞内,表达出的蛋白质就会带有绿色荧光。

绿色荧光蛋白在该研究中的主要作用是A.追踪目的基因在细胞内的复制过程B.追踪目的基因插入到染色体上的位置C. 追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质在细胞内的分布D.追踪目的基因编码的蛋白质的空间结构。

5.已知人的红绿色盲属X染色体隐性遗传,先天性耳聋是常染色体隐性遗传(D对d完全显性)。

下图中Ⅱ2 为色觉正常的耳聋患者,Ⅱ5为听觉正常的色盲患者。

Ⅱ4(不携带d基因)和Ⅱ3婚后生下一个男孩,这个男孩患耳聋、色盲。

既耳聋有色盲的可能性分别是A. 0 、12、0 B. 0、14、14C.0、18、0 D.12、14、186.下列是关于“检测土壤中细菌总数”实验操作的叙述,其中错误的是A.用蒸馏水配制牛肉膏蛋白膝培养基,经高温、高压灭菌后倒平板B.取104、105、106倍的土壤稀释液和无菌水各0.1ml,分别涂布于各组平板上C.将实验组和对照组平板倒置,370C恒温培养24-48小时D.确定对照组无菌后,选择菌落数在300以上的实验组平板进行计数7.石墨烯是由碳原子构成的单层片状结构的新材料(结构示意图如下),可由石墨剥离而成,具有极好的应用前景。

下列说法正确的是A.石墨烯与石墨互为同位素C石墨烯是一种有机物D.石墨烯中的碳原子间以共价键结合8.北京奥运会期间对大量盆栽鲜花施用了S-诱抗素制剂,以保证鲜花盛开,S-诱抗素的分子结构如图,下列关于该分子说法正确的是A.含有碳碳双键、羟基、羰基、羧基B.含有苯环、羟基、羰基、羧基C.含有羟基、羰基、羧基、酯基D.含有碳碳双键、苯环、羟基、羰基9.下列选用的相关仪器符合实验要求的是10.在溶液中能大量共存的一组离子或分子是 A.+4NH 、+H 、-3NO 、-3HCO B.K + 、AL 3+、-24SO 、NH 3·H 2O C.Na +、K +、-23SO 、Cl 2D.Na + 、CH 3COO -、-23CO 、OH -11.汽车尾气净化中的一个反应如下:)()(21)()(22g CO g N g CO g NO +⇔+ 14.373-⋅-=∆mol KJ H 在恒容的密闭容器中,反应达到平衡后,改变某一条件,下列示意图正确的是:12.Cu 2O 是一种半导体材料,基于绿色化学理念设计的制取.Cu 2O 的电解池示意图如下,点解总反应:2Cu+H 2O==Cu 2O+H 2O ↑。

下列说法正确的是 A.石墨电极上产生氢气 B.铜电极发生还原反应 C.铜电极接直流电源的负极D.当有0.1mol 电子转移时,有0.1molCu 2O 生成。

13.向体积为0.05mol·L -1CH 3COOH 溶液中加入体积为V b 的0.05mol·L -1KOH 溶液,下列关系错.误.的是 A. V a >V b 时:c (CH 3COOH) +c (CH 3COO -)>c (K +)B. V a =V b 时:c (CH 3COOH) +c (H +)>c (OH -)C. V a <V b 时:c (CH 3COO -)>c (K +)> c (OH -)> c (H )D. V a 与V b 任意比时:c (K +)+ c (H +) =c (OH -)+ c (CH 3COO -)14. 原子核聚变可望给人类未来提供丰富的洁净能源。

当氖等离子体被加热到适当高温时,氖核参与的几种聚变反应可能发生,放出能量。

这几种反应的总效果可以表示为241112106H k 243.15He d H n MeV →+++由平衡条件可知A. k=1, d=4B. k=2, d=2C. k=1, d=6D. k=2, d=315. 2009年2月11日,俄罗斯的“宇宙-2251”卫星和美国的“铱-33”卫星在西伯利亚上空约805km 处发生碰撞。

这是历史上首次发生的完整在轨卫星碰撞事件。

碰撞过程中产生的大量碎片可能会影响太空环境。

假定有甲、乙两块碎片,绕地球运动的轨道都是圆,甲的运行速率比乙的大,则下列说法中正确的是A. 甲的运行周期一定比乙的长B. 甲距地面的高度一定比乙的高C. 甲的向心力一定比乙的小D. 甲的加速度一定比乙的大16. 大爆炸理论认为,我们的宇宙起源于137亿年前的一次大爆炸。

除开始瞬间外,在演化至今的大部分时间内,宇宙基本上是匀速膨胀的。

上世纪末,对1A 型超新星的观测显示,宇宙正在加速膨胀,面对这个出人意料的发现,宇宙学家探究其背后的原因,提出宇宙的大部分可能由暗能量组成,它们的排斥作用导致宇宙在近段天文时期内开始加速膨胀。

如果真是这样,则标志宇宙大小的宇宙半径R 和宇宙年龄的关系,大致是下面哪个图像?17. 为了节省能量,某商场安装了智能化的电动扶梯。

无人乘行时,扶梯运转得很慢;有人站上扶梯时,它会先慢慢加速,再匀速运转。

一顾客乘扶梯上楼,恰好经历了这两个过程,如图所示。

那么下列说法中正确的是 A. 顾客始终受到三个力的作用B. 顾客始终处于超重状态C. 顾客对扶梯作用力的方向先指向左下方,再竖直向下D. 顾客对扶梯作用的方向先指向右下方,再竖直向下18. 在光滑的绝缘水平面上,有一个正方形的abcd,顶点a、c处分别固定一个正点电荷,电荷量相等,如图所示。

若将一个带负电的粒子置于b点,自由释放,粒子将沿着对角线bd往复运动。

粒子从b点运动到d点的过程中A. 先作匀加速运动,后作匀减速运动B. 先从高电势到低电势,后从低电势到高电势C. 电势能与机械能之和先增大,后减小D. 电势能先减小,后增大19. 右图是科学史上一张著名的实验照片,显示一个带电粒子在云室中穿过某种金属板运动的径迹。

云室旋转在匀强磁场中,磁场方向垂直照片向里。

云室中横放的金属板对粒子的运动起阻碍作用。

分析此径迹可知粒子A. 带正电,由下往上运动B. 带正电,由上往下运动C. 带负电,由上往下运动D. 带负电,由下往上运动20. 如图甲所示,一个电阻为R,面积为S的矩形导线框abcd,水平旋转在匀强磁场中,磁场的磁感应强度为B,方向与ad边垂直并与线框平面成450角,o、o’ 分别是ab和cd边的中点。

现将线框右半边obco’ 绕oo’ 逆时针900到图乙所示位置。

在这一过程中,导线中通过的电荷量是A.B. C. BSRD. 0 21. (18分)Ⅰ. (6分)用多用电表进行了几次测量,指针分别处于a 、b 的位置,如图所示。

若多用电表的选择开关处于下面表格中所指的档位,a 和b 的相应读数是多少?请填在表格中。

Ⅱ. (6分)用右图所示的电路,测定一节干电池的电动势和内阻。

电池的内阻较小,为了防止在调节滑动变阻器时造成短路,电路中用一个定值电阻R 0起保护作用。

除电池、开关和导线外,可供使用的实验器材还有: (a ) 电流表(量程0.6A 、3A ); (b ) 电压表(量程3V 、15V )(c ) 定值电阻(阻值1Ω、额定功率5W ) (d ) 定值电阻(阻值10Ω,额定功率10W ) (e ) 滑动变阻器(阴值范围0--10Ω、额定电流2A ) (f ) 滑动变阻器(阻值范围0-100Ω、额定电流1A ) 那么(1)要正确完成实验,电压表的量程应选择 V ,电流表的量程应选择 A ; R 0应选择 Ω的定值电阻,R 应选择阻值范围是 Ω的滑动变阻器。

(2)引起该实验系统误差的主要原因是 。

Ⅲ.(6分)探究力对原来静止的物体做的功与物体获得的速度的关系,实验装置如图所师,实验主要过程如下:(1)设法让橡皮筋对小车做的功分别 为W 、2W 、3W 、……;(2)分析打点计时器打出的纸带,求 出小车的速度1v 、2v 、3v 、……; (3)作出W v -草图;(4)分析W v -图像。

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