被动语态与时态结合

被动语态与时态结合

一、定义

语态是一种形式，用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

二、被动语态的构成

英语中被动语态由“Be+done（动词的过去分词）”构成。动词Be有时态、人称和数的变化。

三、常用时态的基本构成

一般现在时（am/is/are）

一般过去时（was/were）

一般将来时（will be/be going to do）

现在进行时（am/is/are doing）

现在完成时（have/has done）

四、被动语态与时态结合：

一般现在时：am/is/are done eg：The classroom is cleaned by us everyday.

一般过去时：was/were done eg: The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday.

一般将来时：shall/will be done或am/is/are going to be done eg: These trees will be planted tomorrow.现在进行时：am/is/are being done eg：Flowers are being watered by her.

现在完成时：have/has been done eg：Flowers have been watered by her.

例题：

1.Two bridges over the river five years ago in our city.

A.build

B. built

C. were built

D. are built

2.Our classroom is very clean and tidy because it every day.

A.cleans

B. cleaned

C. is cleaned

D. was cleaned

练习题：

1.A lecture in Room 301 tomorrow.

A. given

B. will be given

C. is given

D. gives

2. Mr. Smith in the hotel last Monday.

A. kill

B. was killed

C. killed

D.were killed

3. The book by Tom.

A. were written

B. write

C. writes

D. was written

4. Our plan to clean the park tomorrow.

A. discuss

B. will discuss

C. will be discussed

D. discussed

5. What good news！A new station in two years.

A. build

B. will built

C. is built

D. will be built

被动语态的用法：

1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。

例：1）Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被偷了。（不知道是谁偷的）2）This book was published in 1980. 这本书出版于1980年。（没必要说出出版者）

2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。

例：1）The window was broken by Jim. 窗户是被吉姆打破的。（强调窗户）

2）This book was written by her.这本书是她写的。（强调书）

3.主语不是人

例：Many houses were washed away by flood. 许多房子被洪水冲走了。

口诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没必要，动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。