2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(6).doc
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(4)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（4）Passage Nine(Holmes’ Knowledge)His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system.“You appear to be astonished, ” Holmes said, smiling at my expression. “Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. You see, I consider that a man’s brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts 实用文档elbowing out the useful ones.”“But the Solar System! ” I protested.“What the deuce is it to me?” he interrupted impatiently.One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast. One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it.Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life, ” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a twitch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a man’s inmost thought. Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a 实用文档necromancer.“From a drop of water, ”said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. ”This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.1.What is the author’s attitude toward Holmes?[A]Praising.Critical.[C]Ironical.[D]Distaste.2.What way did the author take to stick out Holmes’ uniqueness?[A]By deduction.By explanation.[C]By contrast.实用文档[D]By analysis.3.What was the Holmes’ idea about knowledge-learning?[A]Learning what every body learned.Learning what was useful to you.[C]Learning whatever you came across.[D]Learning what was different to you.4.What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about?[A]One may master the way of reasoning through observation.One may become rather critical through observation and analysis.[C]One may become rather sharp through observation and analysis.[D]One may become practical through observation and analysis.Vocabulary1.Thomas Carlyle 托马斯•卡莱尔1795-1881美国作家、历史家、哲学家2.jumble (up) 搞乱，使混乱y hand on (upon) sth. 抓住，找到4.at best 最好的情况下5.elbow out (off) 用胳膊肘挤出，推出实用文档6.deuce = devil what the deuce is it to me?这里表示福尔摩斯的厌恶心理。
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(4)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（4）Passage Nine(Holmes’ Knowledge)His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system.“Y ou appear to be astonished, ” Holmes said, smiling at my expression. “Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. Y ou see, I consider that a man’s brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.”“But the Solar System! ” I protested.“What the deuce is it to me?” he interrupted impatiently.One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast. One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it.Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life, ” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a t witch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a man’s inmost thought. Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by whichhe had arrived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer.“From a drop of water, ”said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atla ntic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it. ”This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.1.What is the author’s attitude toward Holmes?[A]Praising.Critical.[C]Ironical.[D]Distaste.2.What way did the author take to stick out Holmes’ uniqueness?[A]By deduction.By explanation.[C]By contrast.[D]By analysis.3.What was the Holmes’ idea about knowledge-learning?[A]Learning what every body learned.Learning what was useful to you.[C]Learning whatever you came across.[D]Learning what was different to you.4.What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about?[A]One may master the way of reasoning through observation.One may become rather critical through observation and analysis.[C]One may become rather sharp through observation and analysis.[D]One may become practical through observation and analysis.V ocabulary1.Thomas Carlyle 托马斯•卡莱尔1795-1881美国作家、历史家、哲学家2.jumble (up) 搞乱，使混乱y hand on (upon) sth. 抓住，找到4.at best 最好的情况下5.elbow out (off) 用胳膊肘挤出，推出6.deuce = devil what the deuce is it to me?这里表示福尔摩斯的厌恶心理。
2012高考英语 阅读理解课堂练学案(2).doc
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（2）Passage four(preface)Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture.We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally.We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.1.According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means[A] cultural groups that are formed by scientists.people whose knowledge of science is very limited.[C] the scientific community.[D] people who make good contribution to science.2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because[A] it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists. Science affects almost every aspect of our life.[C] Scientists live in a specific subculture.[D] It is easier to understand general characteristics of science.3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who[A] are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science. are good at producing various gadgets.[C] work in a storehouse of dried facts.[D] want to have a superficial understanding of science.4.According to this passage,[A] English is a sexist language.only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly.[C] women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language.[D] male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists.5.This passage most probably is[A] a book review.the preface of a book.[C] the postscript of a book.[D] the concluding part of a book.Vocabularysubculture 亚文化群（指在一个社会或一种文化内具有独特性的一群人）superficial 肤浅的，浅薄的，表面的lay person 外行，门外汉，俗人musty 发毒的，老朽的，陈腐的gadget 小玩意儿，小配件，新发明pervasive 渗透的，弥漫的，遍布的populate 居住于……中，在……中占一席之地implicit 含蓄的，内含的unspecified 未特别提出的offset 抵消，补偿难句译注An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist.【参考译文】如果一个人知道那些使科学家激动不已和灰心丧气的东西，那就比较容易了解科学的一般（普遍）特征以及特殊科学概念。
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(3)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（3）Passage six(Dropouts for Ph. D. s)Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation in need of Ph. D. s. Some have placed the dropouts loss as high as 50 percent. The extent of the loss was, however, largely a matter of expert guessing. Last week a well-rounded study was published. It was published. It was based on 22,000 questionnaires sent to former graduate students who were enrolled in 24 universities and it seemed to show many past fears to be groundless.The dropouts rate was found to be 31 per cent, and in most cases the dropouts, while not completing the Ph. D. requirement, went on to productive work. They are not only doing well financially, but, according to the report, are not far below the income levels of those who went on to complete their doctorates.Discussing the study last week, Dr. Tucker said the project was initiated ‘because of the concern frequently e xpressed by graduate faculties and administrators that some of the individuals who dropped out of Ph. D. programs were capable of competing the requirement for the degree. Attrition 实用文档at the Ph. D. level is also thought to be a waste of precious faculty time and a drain on university resources already being used to capacity. Some people expressed the opinion that the shortage of highly trained specialists and college teachers could be reduced by persuading the dropouts to return to graduate schools to complet e the Ph. D.’“The results of our research” Dr. Tucker concluded, “did not support these opinions.”Lack of motivation was the principal reason for dropping out.Most dropouts went as far in their doctoral program as was consistent with their levels of ability or their specialities.Most dropouts are now engaged in work consistent with their education and motivation.Nearly 75 per cent of the dropouts said there was no academic reason for their decision, but those who mentioned academic reason cited failure to pass the qualifying examination, uncompleted research and failure to pass language exams. Among the single most important personal reasons identified by dropouts for non-completion of their Ph. D. program, lack of finances was marked by 19 per cent.实用文档As an indication of how well the dropouts were doing, a chart showed 2% in humanities were receiving $ 20,000 and more annually while none of the Ph. D. ‘s with that background reached this figure. The Ph. D. ‘s shone in the $ 7,500 to $ 15,000 bracket with 78% at that level against 50% for the dropouts. This may also be an indication of the fact that top salaries in the academic fields, where Ph. D. ‘s tend to rise to the highest salaries, are still lagging behind other fields.As to the possibility of getting dropouts back on campus, the outlook was glum. The main condition which would have to prevail for at least 25 % of the dropouts who might consider returning to graduate school would be to guarantee that they would retain their present level of income and in some cases their present job.1.The author states that many educators feel that[A] steps should be taken to get the dropouts back to campus.the fropouts should return to a lower quality school to continue their study.[C] the Ph. D. holder is generally a better adjusted person than the dropout.[D] The high dropouts rate is largely attributable to the lack of stimulation onthe part of faculty members.实用文档2.Research has shown that[A] Dropouts are substantially below Ph. D. ‘s in financial atta inment.the incentive factor is a minor one in regard to pursuing Ph. D. studies.[C] The Ph. D. candidate is likely to change his field of specialization if he drops out.[D] about one-third of those who start Ph. D. work do not complete the work to earn the degree.3.Meeting foreign language requirements for the Ph. D.[A] is the most frequent reason for dropping out.is more difficult for the science candidate than for the humanities candidate.[C] is an essential part of many Ph. D. programs.[D] does not vary in difficulty among universities.4.After reading the article, one would refrain from concluding that[A] optimism reigns in regard to getting Ph. D. dropouts to return to their pursuit of the degree.a Ph. D. dropout, by and large, does not have what it takes to learn the degree.[C] colleges and universities employ a substantial number of Ph. D. dropouts.[D] Ph. D. ‘s are not earning what they deserve in nonacademic positions.实用文档5.It can be inferred that the high rate of dropouts lies in[A] salary for Ph. D. too low.academic requirement too high.[C] salary for dropouts too high.[D] 1000 positions.Vocabularydropout 辍学者，中途退学well-rounded 全面的attrition 缩/减员，磨损drain 枯竭bracket 一类人，（尤指按收入分类的）阶层lagging behind other fields 落后于其它领域glum 阴郁的难句译注Educators are seriously concerned about the high rate of dropouts among the doctor of philosophy candidates and the consequent loss of talent to a nation 实用文档in need of Ph. D. s.【参考译文】教育工作者严重关注博士生辍学的高比率；这对迫切需要博士生的国家是一个人才方面的严重损失。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(17)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（17）Passage Twelve (Religion and Rationality)Yet the difference in tome and language must strike us, so soon as it is philosophy that speaks: that change should remind us that even if the function of religion and that of reason coincide, this function is performed in the two cases by very different organs. Religions are many, reason one. Religion consists of conscious ideas, hopes, enthusiasms, and objects of worship; it operates by grace and flourishes by prayer. Reason, on the other hand, is a mere principle or potential order,on which indeed we may e to reflect but which exists in us ideally only, without variation or stress of any kind. We conform or do not conform to it; it does not urge or chide us, not call for any emotions on our part other than those naturally aroused by the various objects which it unfolds in their true nature and proportion. Religion brings some order into life by weighting it with new materials. Reason adds to the natural materials only the perfect order which it introduces into them. Rationality is nothing but a form, an ideal constitution which experience may more or less embody. Religion is a part of experience itself, a mass of sentiments and ideas. The one is an inviolate principle, the other a changing and struggling force. And yet this struggling and changing force of religion seems to direct man toward something eternal. It seems to make for an ultimate harmonywithin the soul and for an ultimate harmony between the soul and all that the soul depends upon. Religion, in its intent, is a more conscious and direct pursuit of the Life of Reason than is society, science, or art, for these approach and fill out the ideal life tentatively and piecemeal, hardly regarding the foal or caring for the ultimate justification of the instinctive aims. Religion also has an instinctive and blind side and bubbles up in all manner of chance practices and intuitions; soon, however, it feels its way toward the heart of things, and from whatever quarter it may e, veers inthe direction of the ultimate.Nevertheless, we must confess that this religious pursuit of the Life of Reason has been singularly abortive. Those within the pale of each religion may prevail upon themselves, toexpress satisfaction with its results, thanks to a fond partiality in reading the past and generous draughts of hope for the future; but any one regarding the various religions at once and paring their achievements with what reason requires, must feel how terrible is the disappointment which they have one and all prepared for mankind. Their chief anxiety has been to offer imaginaryremedies for mortal ills, some of which are incurable essentially, while others might have been really cured by well-directed effort. The Greed oracles, for instance, pretended to heal out natural ignorance, which has its appropriate though difficult cure, while the Christian vision of heaven pretended to be an antidote to our natural death— the inevitable correlate of birth and of a changing and conditioned existence. By methods of this sort little can be done for the real betterment of life. To confuse intelligence and dislocate sentiment by gratuitous fictions is ashort-sighted way of pursuing happiness. Nature is soon avenged. An unhealthy exaltation and a one-sided morality have to be followed by regrettable reactions. When these e. The real rewards of life may seem vain to a relaxed vitality, and the very name of virtue may irritate young spirits untrained in and natural excellence. Thus religion too often debauches the morality it es tosanction and impedes the science it ought to fulfill.What is the secret of this ineptitude? Why does religion, so near to rationality in its purpose, fallso short of it in its results? The answer is easy; religion pursues rationality through the imagination. When it explains events or assigns causes, it is an imaginative substitute for science. When it gives precepts, insinuates ideals, or remoulds aspiration, it is an imaginative substitute for wisdom—I mean for the deliberate and impartial pursuit of all food. The condition and the aims of life are both represented in religion poetically, but this poetry tends to arrogate to itself literal truth and moral authority, neither of which it possesses. Hence the depth and importance of religion bees intelligible no less than its contradictions and practical disasters. Its object is the same as thatof reason, but its method is to proceed by intuition and by unchecked poetical conceits.1.As used in the passage, the author would define“ wisdom” as[A].the pursuit of rationality through imagination.. an unemotional search for the truth.[C].a purposeful and unbiased quest for what is best.[D]. a short-sighted way of pursuing happiness2.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?[A]. Religion seeks the truth through imagination, reason, in its search, utilizes the emotions.. Religion has proved an ineffective tool in solving man’ s problems.[C]. Science seeks a piece meal solution to man’ s questions.[D]. The functions of philosophy and reason are the same.3.According to the author, science differs from religion in that[A]. it is unaware of ultimate goals.. it is unimaginative.[C]. its findings are exact and final.[D]. it resembles society and art.4.The author states that religion differs from rationality inthat [A]. it relies on intuition rather than reasoning .. it is not concerned with the ultimate justification of its instinctive aims.[C]. it has disappointed mankind.[D]. it has inspired mankind.5.According to the author, the pursuit of religion has proved to be[A]. imaginative.. a provider of hope for the future.[C]. a highly intellectual activity[D]. ineffectual.Vocabulary1.grace赏赐，仁爱，感动，感思祈祷2.chide责怪3.sentiment感情4.inviolate不受入侵的，贞洁的5.intent意义，含义6.piecemeal一件件，渐渐的，琐碎的7.bubble up起泡，沸腾，喜悦8.veer改变方向，转向9.abortive夭折的，失败的，中止的，流产的。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(20)教案
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(20)教案2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（20）Passage Eighteen (The Military Is In)Things have really changed. Not only is the military standing tall again, it is staging aremarkable eback in the quantity and quality of the recruits it is attracting. Recruiters, oncedenounced by antiwar students as“ baby killers” and barred from campuses, are weled ever at elite universities. ROTC (Reserve Officer ’Trainings Corps) programs, that faltered during the VietNam era, when protesters were fire bombing their headquarters, are flourishing again. The militaryacademies are enjoying a steady increase in applications.Certainly, the depressed economy has increased the allure of the jobs, technical training andgenerous student loans offered by the military. Students know that if they go in and bee, say,nuclear weapons specialists, they can e out and demand a salary of$60,000 a year. Militarysalaries, while not always petitive with those paid for parable jobs in the private sector, are morethan respectable, especially considering the wide array of benefits that are available: free medicalservice, room and board, and PX (Post Exchange) privileges. Monthly pay for a recruit is$574;for a sergeant with four years services it is $906; for a major with ten years it is $2,305.’ serviceThe services’ slick $175 million-a-year advertising campaign promising adventure and fulfillmenthas helped win over the TV generation. Kids are walking down the school hallways chanting‘ Army, Navy, Air Force, Marines,’ just like cialsinthe. Andmer many military officials feel thatthe key difference is the enhanced patriotism among the nation’ s youth. There is a return to the view that the military is an honorable profession. The days of a judge telling a miscreant to jointhe Army or go to jail are over. Recruiting for all four services bined is running at 101%ofauthorized goals. And the retention rate is now so high, that the services are refusing somere-enlistment applications and reducing annual recruiting target.The military academics are also enjoying halcyon years, attracting more and better-qualifiedstudents. pared to private colleges, where tuition and expenses have been climbing sharply, theservice schools are a real bargain: not only is tuition free, but recruits get allowances of up to $500a mouth. It is reported 12,300 applicants are for the 1,450 positions in this year’ s fresh Military academies are now just as selective as any of the best universities in the country.Nationwide, ROTC enrollment exceeds 105,000,a 64% increase over the 1974 figure. In the mid70’ s, the ROTC students refused to wear their uniforms on campus because they suffered all sorts of ridicule, if they did. Now if they wear them to class no one looks at them twice. To them, Viet Nam is ancient history, something the old folks talk about.1.What is the main idea of this passage?[A]. The Military is in. The Military is up[C]. The Military is down[D]. The Military is on2. What was the attitude of the [A]. Approval. . Indifferent.students in 1970[C]. Distaste.’ s towards the military?[D]. Scolding.3.The phrase “ e out ” is closest in meaning to[A].“ beevisible” ..“ begin to grow”.[C]. “ be made public” .[D].“ gain a certain position”.4.Which one of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason to attract students.[A]. Free tuition.. Spacious room.[C]. Considerate allowance.[D]. Technical training.Vocabulary1.stage a eback再度走红，卷土重来2.standing tall站得高3.babykiller杀婴犯人4.denounce斥责5.elite优秀的，名牌的6.ROTC=Reserve Office’ s Training Cope(美 )后备军官训练队7.falter摇动不定，迟疑不前8.flourish繁华兴盛9.allure迷惑10. e out进入交际界，扬名11.the wide array一大量，一大部分12.PX=Post Exchange陆军花费合作社13.sergeant中士14.major少校15.slick明的，特别好的，吸引人的16.hallway，道17.chant重复的（唱歌）18.miscreant无，棍19.retention rate服役率，服役期不退伍的比率20.real bargain好，十分划算句注1.The services slick’ $175 million -a-year advertising campaign promising adventure and fulfillment has helped win over the TV generation.[ 构析 ]句子的主是campaign. 里指大模的广告（ advertising campaign ）。
2012届高考英语阅读理解专题讲练(教(学)案版)
2012高考英语阅读理解专讲专练（教师版）2012-4-242012高考英语阅读理解题型专讲专练（教师版）【细节理解题】做细节理解题时，大多数学生易出现的问题就是阅读速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速阅读技巧，考生要培养自己快速获取信息的能力。
解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。
除了运用扫读法外，还可以兼用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项排除。
要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就需要恰当地使用查阅的方法及技巧。
查阅是在读者对材料有所熟悉的情况下进行的，它的特点是带着问题去寻求答案，它往往与略读综合使用。
〖第一招〗直接细节理解题答案与原文挂钩，在文中可直接找到答案，但往往与原文中的语句并非一模一样，而是用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思。
间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，利用主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，方能做出正确的判断，此类试题在高考中占大多数。
其常见命题方式有：1、特殊疑问句形式。
以what, who, when, where, which, how much / many 等引出的问题；2、是非题。
通常以true / false, not true / false 提问以及以according to the text 开头；3、填空题。
通常涉及与主题有关的事实和细节；4、就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。
〖第二招〗略读材料，大概了解全文，掌握其中心或主旨。
〖第三招〗按文章的体裁，如记叙文、说明文和议论文等及作者写作的组织模式和有关的信息词，如for example, first, second 等预测应该到何处寻求自己所需要的事实。
段落的组织形式常见的有时间型段落、空间型段落、列举型段落、例证型段落、程序型段落和对比型段落等。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(8)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（8）Passage Twenty (The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control)The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new lawlimits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil panies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things backfor long.As on Norwegian politician said last week:“ Wewill soon be changed beyond all recognition.”Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and ahealthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and thetourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industriesmight even disappear altogether when it bees cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen donot make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians seein them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage thatit might cause to the countryside and to the sea.1.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to[A]provide more jobs for foreign workers.slow down the rate of its development.[C]sell the oil it is producing abroad.[D]develop more quickly than at present.2.The Norwegian Government has tried to[A]encourage the oil panies to discover new oil sources.prevent oil panies employing people from northern Norway.[C]help the oil panies solve many of their problems.[D]keep the oil industry to something near its present size.3.According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to[A]the development of industry.a growth in population.[C]the failure of the development programme.[D]the development of new towns.4.In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be[A]a large reduction on unemployment.a growth in the tourist industry.[C]a reduction in the number of existing industries.[D]the development of a number of service industries.5.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because[A]they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.[C]their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.[D]they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.Vocabulary1.Norwegian挪威的；挪威人2.coastline海岸线3.recognition认可；认识；欣赏4.countryside乡间；乡民难句译注1.A new law limits exploration production limits have been laid to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; down (though these have already been raised); and oil panieshave not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.【构造简析】用两个分连结三句句子。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(30)教案
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(30)教案2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（30）（结束）Passage Thirty-four(The Relationship between Brain Process with Mental Experience)By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared ratherdiscouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold,and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for anypossible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.Near the turn of the century, it had been suggested by Hering that different modes of sensation,such as pain, taste and color, might be correlated with the discharge of specific kinds of nervousenergy, However, subsequently developed methods of recording and analyzing nerve potentialsfailed to reveal any such qualitative diversity. It was possible to demonstrate by other methodsrefined structural differences among neuron types; however, proof was lacking that the quality ofthe impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead toinfluence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. Although qualitative variance amongnerve rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view,namely, that nerve impulses a re essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as“ mon currency ”throughout the nervous system. According to this theory, it is not the quality of the sensorynerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but, rather,the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view.In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebralcortex of a conscious human subject, it produced a sensation of the appropriate modality for thatparticular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation from theauditory cortex, and so on. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number,arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as for as psychoneural correlations wereconcerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much moreremarkable than any of the minute differences.However, cortical as diverse as those of red, black, green and white, or touch, cold, warmth,movement, pain, posture and pressure apparently may arise through activation of the same corticalareas. What seemed to remain was some kind of differential patterning effects in the brainexcitation: it is the difference in the central distribution of impulses that counts. In short, Brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience and the activity of relatively homogenous nerve-cell units conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneouscerebral tissue. To match the multiple dimensions of mental experience psychologists could only point to a limitless variation in the spatiotemporal patterning of nerve impulses.1.Up until 1950, efforts to establish that brain processes and mental experience are related would most likely have been met with[A]. vexation.. irritability.[C]. discouragement[D]. neutrality2.The author mentions “ mon currency ” primarily in order to emphasize the [A].lack of differentiation among nerve impulses in human beings.. similarities in the views of the scientists. [C].similarity of sensations of human beings.[D]. continuous passage of nerve impulses through the nervous system.3.Which of the following theories is reinforced by the depiction of the experiment in lines 16— 19?[A]. Cognitive experience manifested by sensory nerve impulses are influenced by the area ofthe brain stimulated.. Qualitative diversity in nerve potentials can now be studied more accurately.[C].Sensory stimuli are heterogeneous and are greatly influenced by the nerve sensors they produce.[D].Differentiation in neural modalities influences the length of nerve transmissions.4.It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following exhibit the LEAST qualitative variation?[A]. Nerve cells.. Nerve impulses.[C]. Cortical areas.[C]. Spatial patterns of nerve impulses.Vocabulary1.mental experiences精神感觉2.discharge放3.negligible细小的，能够忽视不的4.manifold多种多的，多方面5.neuron神元 /胞6.neural（中枢）神的（系）7.qualitative diversity的多性，量的8.disprove反，反9.homogeneous相像的10.sensory nerve感神11.cortical外皮的，皮的12.cerebral cortex大皮13.locus地址，地区14.psychoneural精神神15.heterogeneous异源的，异种的，异体的16.spatiotenporal空的句注1.Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.[ 构剖析 ] 句型 such ⋯ as 可 as 具相关系代作用，此作从句中had been demonstrated 的主。
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(8)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（8）Passage Twenty (The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control)The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As on Norwegian politician said last week: “We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a programme of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this programme has had a great deal of success: Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.1.The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to[A] provide more jobs for foreign workers.slow down the rate of its development.[C] sell the oil it is producing abroad.[D] develop more quickly than at present.2.The Norwegian Government has tried to[A] encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources.prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway.[C] help the oil companies solve many of their problems.[D] keep the oil industry to something near its present size.3.According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to[A] the development of industry.a growth in population.[C] the failure of the development programme.[D] the development of new towns.4.In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be[A] a large reduction on unemployment.a growth in the tourist industry.[C] a reduction in the number of existing industries.[D] the development of a number of service industries.5.Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because[A] they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal.their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal.[C] their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society.[D] they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life.Vocabulary1.Norwegian 挪威的；挪威人2.coastline 海岸线3.recognition 承认；认识；赞赏4.countryside 乡下；乡民难句译注1.A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers.【结构简析】用两个分号连接三句句子。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(22)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（22）Passage Twenty-three (Women and Fashions)Whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struck by the appearance of the women taking part. Their hair-styles and make-up look dated; their skirtslook either too long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. Themen taking part in the film, on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. There is nothingabout their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.This illusion is created by changing fashions. Over the year, the great majority of men have successfully resisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. The same cannot be said for women. Each year a few so- called top designers in Paris or London lay down the law and women the whole world over rush to obey. The decrees of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. This year, they decide in their arbitrary fashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out. Next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised.If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually black-mailed by the designers and the big stores. Clothes, which have been worn, only afew times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. When you e to think of it, only a women is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. Many women squander vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women, who cannot afford to discard clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have.Hem-limes are taken up or let down; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are loweredor raised, and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, fort and durability. They areonly interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will putup with any amount of disfort, providing they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasnsome time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, ordelicately picking her way through deep snow in dainty shoes.When paring men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of women’ s clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness and instability? Men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers.Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is foryou to decide.1.The main idea of this passage is[A]. New fashions in clothes reflect the qualities of women.. New fashions in clothing are created solely for mercial exploitation of women.[C].The top designers seem to have the right to creating new fashion.[D].Men have the basic quality of reliability.2.Why do the general appearance of actresses look ludicrous?[A]. Because they want their appearance in the fashion.. Because the top designers want them to follow the fashion.[C]. Because the top designers want them to make fashion. [D].Because the top designers want them to lead the fashion.3.Why are women mercilessly exploited by the fashion designers?[A]. They love new fashion.. They love new clothes.[C]. They want to look beautiful.[D]. They are too vain.4.What are fashion designers interested in?[A]. Outward appearance.. fort.[C]. Beauty.[D]. Durability.Vocabulary1.dated过时的2.decree法律，命令3.dictatorial专制的，唯我独尊的4.arbitrary随意的，专横的5.take exception (at)生气，怒6.take exception to (against)⋯⋯提出异7.dictates (pl)意旨，命令，指令8.squander浪9.hem褶，折，10.flimsy薄的，没有价的11.dainty精致的，究的12.fickle易的，浮的13.bully欺y down the law（拟订法律）里指服饰施令或定出条条框框句注1. lay down the law拟订法律。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(10)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（10）Passage Six (Equality of opportunity in the twentieth Century Has Not Destroyed the ClassSystem)These days we hear a lot of nonsense about the‘ greatclassless society’The. idea that thetwentieth century is the age of the mon man has bee one of the great clich s of our time. The same éold arguments are put forward in evidence. Here are some of them: monarchy as a system ofgovernment has been pletely discredited. The monarchies that survive have been deprived of allpolitical power. Inherited wealth has been savagely reduced by taxation and, in time, the greatfortunes will disappear altogether. In a number of countries the victory has been plete. The peoplerule; the great millennium has bee a political reality. B ut has it? Close examination doesn’ t bear out the claim.It is a fallacy to suppose that all men are equal and that society will be leveled out if youprovide everybody with the same educational opportunities. (It is debatable whether you can everprovide everyone with the same educational opportunities, but that is another question.) The fact isthat nature dispenses brains and ability with a total disregard for the principle of equality. The oldrules of the jungle, ‘ survivalof the fittest and’ ,‘ mightis right are’ still with us. The spread of educationhas destroyed the old class system and created a new one. Rewards are based on merit.For‘ aristocracy’ read‘ meritocracy’ ; in other respects, society remains unaltered: the class system is rigidly maintained.Genuine ability, animal cunning, skill, the knack of seizing opportunities, all bring materialrewards. And what is the first thing people do when they bee rich? They use their wealth to securethe best possible opportunities for their chil dren, to give them‘ a good start in life’ . For all the lip service we pay to the idea of equality, we do not consider this wrong in the western world. Privateschools which offer unfair advantages over state schools are not banned because one of theprinciples in a democracy is that people should be free to choose how they will educate theirchildren. In this way, the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent: an able childfrom a wealthy home can succeed far more rapidly than his poorer counterpart. Wealth is also used indiscriminately to further political ends. It would be almost impossible to bee the leader of ademocracy without massive financial backing. Money is as powerful a weapon as ever it was.In societies wholly dedicated to the principle of social equality, privileged private education is forbidden. But even here people are rewarded according to their abilities. In fact, so great is the need for skilled workers that the least able may be neglected. Bright children are carefully and expensively trained to bee future rulers. In the end, all political ideologies boil down to the same thing: class divisions persist whether you are ruled by a feudal king or an educated peasant.1.What is the main idea of this passage?[A] Equality of opportunity in the twentieth century hasnot destroyed the class system.Equality means money.[C]There is no such society as classless society.[D]Nature can’ t give you a classless society.2.According to the author, the same educational opportuniti es can ’ t get rid of inequality because[A] the principle‘ survival of the fittest’ exists.Nature ignores equality in dispensing brains and ability.[C]Material rewards are for genuine ability.[D]People have the freedom how to educate their children.3.Who can obtain more rapid success[A]those with wealth.Those with the best brains.[C]Those with the best opportunities.[D]Those who have the ability to catch at opportunities.4.Why does the author say the new meritocracy can perpetuate itself to a certain extent? Because[A]money decides everything.Private schools offer advantages over state schools.[C]People are free to choose the way of educating their children.[D] Wealth is used for political ends.5.According to the author,‘ classreferdivi s ionsto’[A]the rich and the poor.Different opportunities for people.[C]Oppressor and the oppressed.[D] Genius and stupidity.Vocabulary1.discredit害，损坏，坏（某人的名望），不行信2.monarch国王，女皇，君主政体lennium千年the millennium千僖年4.bear out5.level out（升跌以后）呈平状6.meritocracy英才管理，英才教育，强人治7.knack技巧，8.perpetuate使永远，永存或持9.indiscriminate不加的，不加剖析的，随意的10.boil down⋯⋯句注1.Close examination doesn’ t bear out the claim.【参照文】深入探究此断言不确。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(14)教案
2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（14）Passage Fourteen (Pageants)Pageants are usually conceived on a fairly large scale, often under the auspices of some local or civic authority or at any rate in connection with local groups of some kind. This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will haveto be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed.Most pageants have a historical flavour as they usually e about through the celebration of the anniversary of some event of historic importance, or the life or death of some local worthy. Research among archives and books in the public library will probably prove very useful and produce some workable ideas which will give the production an especially local flavour. From the first economy will have to be practiced because there are usually a great number of people to dress.Leading characters can be considered individually in the same way as when designing for a play; but the main body of the performers will need to be planned in groups and the massed effect must be always borne in mind.Many pageants take place in daylight in the open air. This is an entirely different problem from designing costumes which are going to be looked at under artificial lighting; for one thing, scenes viewed in the daylight are subject to many more distractions. No longer is everything around cutout by the surrounding darkness, but instead it is very easy to be aware of disturbing movement in the audience of behind the performers. Very theatrically conceived clothes do not always look their best when seen in a daylight setting of trees, verdant lawns and old ivy-covered walls; thesame goes for costumes being worn in front of the mellow colors of stately homes. The locationneeds to be studied and then a decision can be made as to what kinds of colors and textures will harmonize best with the surroundings and conditions and then to carry this out as far aspossible on the funds available.If money is available to dress the performers without recourse to their own help in the provision of items, it is best to arrange for all the cutting and pinning together of the costumes to be done byone or two experienced people than to be given out to the groups and individuals for pletion. When there is little or no money at all, the garments need to be reduced to the basic necessities.Cloaks and shawls bee invaluable, sheets and large bath towels and bath sheets are admirable for draping. Unwanted curtains and bed spreads can be cut to make tunics, robes and skirts. These are particularly valuable if they are of heavy fabrics such as velvet or chenille.Colors should be massed together so that there are contrasting groups of dark and light, this willbe found to help the visual result substantially. Crowds of people gathered together in a jumble of colors will be ground to look quite purposeless and will lack dramatic impact.The use of numbers of identical head-dresses, however simply made, are always effective when working with groups. If these are made of cardboard and painted boldly the cost can be almost negligible. Helmets, hats and plumes will all make quite a show even if the costumes are only blandest or sheets cleverly draped. The same can be said of the use of banners, shields and poles with stiff pennants and garlands —anything which will help to have a unifying effect. Any kind of eye-catching device will always go with a flourish and add excitement to the scenes.1.The main idea of this passage is[A]. Pageants.. Costumes on the stage.[C]. Costumes for pageants.[D]. How to arrange a pageant.2.It can be inferred that the most important factor in costume design is[A]. money.. color.[C]. harmony[D]. texture3.Why will much ingenuity have to be required in costume design?[A]. Because pageants take place in daylight in the open air.. Because different characters require different costumes.[C]. Because the colors and textures must be in harmony with the setting.[D]. Because an allocation of the funds available is usually rather small.4.Why do most pageants have a historical flavour?[A]. Because most pageants take place for celebration.. Many pageants take place for amusement.[C].A lot of pageants take place for religion.[D].Because pageants usually take place for petition.Vocabulary1.conceive想，想象to be conceived想好的，构想好的2.under the auspices of在⋯⋯的主下3.meager乏的，不足的4.mount登上，制作，演出5.flavour味，格，情味6.archive(s)档案（）7.distraction令人分心的事8.ivy常春藤9.mellow轻柔的10.recourse (to)依，求援于11.drape覆盖，披上12.invaluable无价的，特别重的13.tunic（古）达膝盖的外套，穿在盔甲上的袍14.chenille（品）15.jumble杂乱，搅乱16.pennant三角旗17.garland花，花冠句注1.This sometimes means that there is an allocation of funds available for the purpose of mounting the production, though unfortunately this will usually be found to be on the meager side and much ingenuity will have to be used to stretch it so that all performers can be adequately clothed. [ 构析 ]复合构。
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(1)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（1）Passage one（The only way to travel is on foot）The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like ‘ Palaeolithic Man’, ‘Neolithic Man’, etc., neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label ‘Legless Man’. Histories of the time will go something like this: ‘in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is th at they didn’t use their legs even when they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of every huge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks. ’The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world – or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: ‘I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea.’ The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says ‘I’ve been there. ’ You mention the remotest, most evocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say ‘I’ve been there’ –meaning, ‘I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else. ’When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences thepresent moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travellers.1、Anthorpologists label nowaday’s men ‘Legless’ becauseA people forget how to use his legs.B people prefer cars, buses and trains.C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.D there are a lot of transportation devices.2、Travelling at high speed meansA people’s focus on the future.B a pleasure.C satisfying drivers’ great thrill.D a necessity of life.3、Why does the author say ‘we are deprived of the use of our eyes’ ?A People won’t use their eyes.B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.C People can’t see anything on his way of travel.D People want to sleep during travelling.4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A Legs become weaker.B Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.C There is no need to use eyes.D The best way to travel is on foot.5. What does ‘a bird’s-eye view’ mean?A See view wit h bird’s eyes.B A bird looks at a beautiful view.C It is a general view from a high position looking down.D A scenic place.VOCABULARYPalaeolithic 旧石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的escalator 自动电梯，自动扶梯ski-lift 载送滑雪者上坡的装置mar 损坏，毁坏blur 模糊不清，朦胧smear 涂，弄脏，弄模糊（尤指画面、轮廓等）evocative 引起回忆的，唤起感情的El Dorado (由当时西班牙征服者想象中的南美洲)黄金国，宝山，富庶之乡Kabul 喀布尔（阿富汗首都）Irkutsk 伊尔库茨克（原苏联亚洲城市）难句译注与答案详解The only way to travel is on foot 旅游的唯一方法是走路难句译注Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world – or even if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way.【参考译文】飞机旅行，你只可俯视世界――如果机翼碰巧挡住了你的视线，就看得更少了。
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(21)教案
高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(21)教案2012 高考英语：阅读理解讲堂练教案（21）Passage Twenty-one (The Result of the Falling US Dollar)Like a ticking time bomb, the falling dollar has grabbed the attention of Japan and West Germany, forcing them to consider adopting economic polices the United States advocates. The U.S. government wants the dollar to fall because as the dollar declines in value against the yen and Deutsche mark, U.S. good bees cheaper. U.S. panies then sell more at home and abroad, and U.S. trade deficit declines. Cries for trade protection abate, and the global free-trade system is preserved.Then, the cheaper dollar makes it cheaper for many foreign investors to snap up U.S. stocks. That prompts heavy buying from abroad— especially from Japan. Also, if the trade picture is improving, that means U.S. panies eventually will be more petitive. Consequently, many investors are buying shares of export-oriented U.S. panies in anticipation of better profits in the next year orso. But that is a rather faddish notion right now; if corporate earnings are disappointing ininterest rates, the stock market rally could stall.Improving U.S. petitiveness means a decline in another’ s petitiveness.Japan and West Germany are verging on recession. Their export-oriented economies are facing major problems. Japan is worried about the damage the strong yen will do to Japanese trade. West Germany is also worried. Share prices in Frankfurt plummeted this past week. Bonn is thought tobe considering a cut in interest rates to boost its economy.Could the falling dollar get out of hand? If the dollar falls too far, investors might lose confidence in U.S. investments— especially the government bond market. The money to finance the federal budget and trade deficits could migrate elsewhere. Inflation could flare up,too, since Japanese and German manufacturers will eventually pass along price hikes—and U.S. panies might follow suit to increase their profit margins. The U.S. federal Reserve then might needto step in and stabilize the dollar by raising interest rates. And higher interest rates could cause the U.S. economy to slow down and end the Wall Street Rally.Worried about these side effects, Federal Reserve chairman Paul V olcher has said the dollar has fallen far enough. What is the equilibrium level? Probably near where it is or slightly lower. It all depends on when the U.S. trade deficit turns around or if investors defect from U.S. Treasury高中英语2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(21)教案Bonds.“ It requires a good deal of political patience on the part of the U.S. Congress,”Cli ne,“ And there must be an expectation of patience on the part of private investors. The chanceare relatively good that we will avoid an investor break or panic.”1.What is the main idea of this passage?[A]. The impression of the falling U.S. dollar.. The result of the U.S. falling dollar. [C].The side effect of U.S. falling dollar.[D]. Japan and West Germany are worried about U.S. falling dollar.2.What does the word“ rally” mean.[A]. prosperity.. decline.[C]. richness.[D]. import.3.Why are Japan and West Germany worried about the falling dollar?[A]. Because the falling dollar may cause inflation in their countries.. Because it may force them to sell a lot of U.S, stocks.[C]. Because it may do damage to their trade.[D]. Because it may make Japanese pany less petitive.4. If dollar-falling got out of hand, and the U.S. Federal Reserve might step in , what wouldhappen?[A].The prosperity of the U.S. economy would disappear.. The U.S. economy might face serious problems.[C].Investors might lose confidence in U.S. investments.[D].Inflation could flare up.Vocabulary1.ticking滴答作响的2.grab抓住3.abate减弱4.snap up争购，抢购5.heavy buying大批买进6.export-oriented以出口为方向的7.in anticipation of期望，期8.faddish一流行的9.spree无制的狂行10.buying spree狂乱11.plummet垂直落下，然跌落，狂跌12.stall阻滞13.verge于⋯⋯14.verging on recession正于衰败的15.boost振，吹嘘16.bond market券市17.flare up忽然耀，火，爆18.hike提升，增添19.follow suit照着做，跟出同花色的牌20.profit margin利幅度21.step in介入22.rally繁华23.equilibrium均衡，均24.defect逃跑，开小差25.break or panic崩或大惊慌句注1.cries for trade protection易保的呼声2.the global free-trade system全世界自由易系统3.that is a rather faddish notion right now不过一流行的观点4.get out of hand失控5.What is the equilibrium level? Probably near where it is or slightly lower.什么是均衡水平？可能是靠近在水平或许稍低一些。
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案(23)
2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（23）( A competitor sabotages)New and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent of computer technology. Organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes…Theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates. This is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram. An international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market. Buyers for stolen programs may range from a firm’s competitors to foreign nations.A competitor sabotages a company’s computer system to destroy or cripple the firm’s operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector. This computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent investors to acquire the victim firm. With the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price. Criminal groups could also resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime.Politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted on every continent. Sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome powers and opens technologically advanced nations to their attack. Several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base. A university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing.Computer vulnerability has been amply documented. One congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against sabotage. Organized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups. Investigators have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups andforeign governments in narcotics. Criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating political leaders…. Computers are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery. Criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation. By sabotaging the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun. By manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers. Cities and nations could become hostages. Homicide could take a now form. The computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century.The computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international. It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences. Although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not. Many still think in terms of traditional criminology.1. How many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?[A]. 7. . 8. [C]. 9. [D]. 102. What is the pur pose of a competitor to sabotage a company’s computer?[A]. His purpose is to destroy or weaken the firm’s operational ability.. His purpose is to weaken firm’s competitive capability and get it.[C]. His purpose is to buy the rival’s company at a relativ ely low price.[D]. His purpose is to steal important data.3. Which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?[A]. Sabotage of a university computer.. Sabotage of a hospital computer.[C]. Sabotage of computer at a secret training base.[D]. Sabotage of a factory computer.4. What does the author mean by “Homicide could take a new form”?[A]. There is no need to use a gun in killing a person.. Criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.[C]. The computer can replace any weapons.[D]. The function of a computer is just like a gun.V ocabulary1. bizarre 奇怪的2. vandalism 破坏，故意破坏文化，艺术的行为3. cripple 使瘫痪，削弱4. fence 贼市，脏品买卖处5. neutralize 使成为无效6. affluent 富裕的7. recordkeeping 记录存贮8. havoc 浩劫，大破坏9. resort to 求助于，借助于10. motivate 作为……的动机，激发11. extremist 过激分子，极端主义分子12. sprout 萌发迅速发展13. awesome 令人惊惧的，引起敬畏的14. vulnerability 易受攻击，脆弱15. devastation 劫持，破坏16. hospital life-support system 医院的生命维持系统17. hit man 职业凶手（杀手）18. pool 集中（资金）合办，入股19. criminology 犯罪学，刑事学难句译注1. Organized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes…[结构简析] 句子很长，都是简单句，中间有分号隔开，后面是举例。
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2012高考英语：阅读理解课堂练学案（6）Passage Fourteen(Antarctica and Environment)Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station – a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world’s environment. Remote from major sources of pollutio n and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet – a concern they believe the world at large should share.The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleysmay soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.1.What is the best title for this passage?[A] Antarctica and environmental Problems.Antarctica: Earth’s Early-Warning station.[C] Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post.[D] Antarctica: a Mysterious Place.2.What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?[A] The western part of the continent would be disappeared.The western part of the continent would be reduced.[C] The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.[D] The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.3.Why are the Dry Valleys left bare?[A] Vicious wind blasts the snow away.It rarely snows.[C] Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.[D] Sand dunes.4.Which of the following is true?[A] The “Dry Valleys” have noth ing left inside.The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers.[C] The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant.[D] The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists.V ocabulary1.distant-early-warning sensor 远距离早期报警传感器2.plateau 高原，高地3.slash 挥砍4.blast 一阵疾风/狂风5.vicious 邪恶的，凶魔般的6.gorge 峡谷7.ripple 起伏，使起微波8.sand dune 沙丘9.verdant 绿色10.extraterrestrial 地球之外的11.aura 气氛难句译注1.Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north.【结构简析】see … as 把……看作。
Where定从修饰Antarctic。
【参考译文】因此，越来越多的科学家把南极洲视为一个远距离早期报警敏感器，在那里地球许多潜在的危险动向早在它们出现于北方以前就能发现。
2.The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountain东指的使印度正南的这一部分。
或山移动的那部分洲。
3.an aura of extraterrestrial desolation应译为：与地球格格不入的一种荒凉隔绝的气氛。
或与世隔绝的一种荒凉气氛。
写作方法与文章大意这是一篇有关南极洲科研考察的重要性的科普文章。
采用因果，点面结合写法。
首先提出：由于南极洲远离污染，又不同于其它任何地方，普遍存在着复杂的地质和生态环境，所以这块地方就可能得到更敏锐又易解释的科学测量结果。
它成了监察世界环境变化的观察哨和空间站，后面几段就写了进行考察的方面和结果。
答案详解1.A 南极洲和环境问题。
B. 南极洲：地球最早的报警战。
C.南极洲：独一无二的观察哨。
D. 南极洲：神秘的地方。
三项都是总内容众的组成部分。
2.D 大陆西部成为一群岛屿。
第三段“横断南极的山脉，有的高达一万四千多英尺，把这大陆分成情况各异的两个地区。
山脉以东的大陆部分是由差不多两英里厚的冰层覆盖的高原；山脉以西，即美洲以南的半个大陆也为冰层所覆盖。