英汉翻译(10)定语从句的翻译
定语从句造句带翻译
定语从句造句带翻译定语从句造句带翻译定语从句是怎么样子的一个翻译方式呢?与中文有何不同。
下面是小编整理的定语从句造句带翻译，欢迎大家阅读参考，希望帮助到大家。
【定语从句的翻译】1、自由式定语从句自由式定语从句是指一个句子中两个或两个以上不同成分带定语从句的情况。
这种从句的先行词没有固定模式，在句中充当不同的句子成分，故该结构中的定语从句称为自由式定语从句。
它们拆开来看，其实就是一个一个简单的定语从句，因此，其翻译也和简单的定语从句相同。
Examples:Thus the Arab Umayyed Dynasty of caliphs, which had moved the capital from Medina to Damascus in 661, came to be regarded with much justification as a parasitic clique that had outlived its usefulness once the conquests were completed.Chinese Translation No. 1:人们开始理由充分地认为，阿拉伯麦伍德哈里发王朝阿拉伯伍麦叶里发王朝是征服战争完成后毫无作用的一个寄生集团;该王朝曾于661年从麦地那迁都大马士革。
Chinese Translation No. 2:阿拉伯麦伍德王朝的统治者们征服了……，于661年将首都从麦地那迁往大马士革，但此后他们便成了不折不扣的寄生虫。
2、嵌套式定语从句嵌套式定语从句是指一个句子中定语从句套定语从句的情况。
这种结构中的定语从句其实和自由式定语从句基本相似，拆开来也是一个独立的定语从句，只不过一个定语从句在另一个定语从句之中而已。
Examples:Likewise in the east were the Seljuk Turks who had infiltrated from their Central Asian homeland into the Islamic Empire where they were employed as mercenaries by the Baghdad caliphs.Chinese Translation No. 1:同样，在东方是塞尔柱突厥人，他们从家乡中亚进入伊斯兰教帝国;在那里被巴格达哈里发雇为雇佣军。
定语从句的翻译
3、不翻译关系代词或关系副词 、
有些定语从句表面上是非限制性定语从句，但在意义上却 已经和主句融为了一体。在翻译时，应该将引导定语从句 的关系词省略，从而使句子的意思显得更为连贯。 After dinner, the four key negotiators resumed their talks, which continued well into the night. 晚饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。 His wife, Betty, is Shanghai-born Chinese who left China at the age of eight, and whose book “Moon”, tells of her sister’s life in China. 他妻子贝蒂是一位出生在上海的华人，八岁离开中国，写 过一本名叫《月》的书，记叙了她妹妹在中国的生活。
常用的定语从句的翻译方法
一、合译法
合译法通常用于句式较短的情况，主要以 限制性定语从句为主。在英译汉时，一般 将其译成“的”字结构，有时也将定语部 分译成谓语、兼语句的一部分或带有“这” 字句的简单句。
1.译成定语“的”字结构
这是最为常见的一种英译汉的方式，翻译成中文 时，将定语部分放在被修饰名词的前面 He is not the one who will give up easily. 他不是一个轻易服输的人。 Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 我们两国是友谊长存的有好邻邦。 The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him 在他手下工作的人对他怕的要死。
英汉互译定语从句翻译
The scientist, who was dog-tired, went on with the experiment. 那位科学家虽己筋疲力尽，但还是继续进行实验。
这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。 老鼠偷吃了蛋糕。
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This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house. *这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在房间里的蛋糕的老鼠的猫。
This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house that Jack built. *这就是那只捕杀了偷吃了放在杰克修建的房间里的蛋糕的 老鼠的猫。
污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切间题。 例2. July and August are the months when the weather is hot.
七八月是天气很热的月份。
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Practice
In the room where the electronic computer is kept, there must be no dust at all.
Copper, which is used so widely for carrying electricity, offers very little resistance. 铜的电阻很小，所以广泛地用来传输电力。
定语从句的翻译
定语从句的翻译（1）: 合译法
Our two countries are neighbors whose friendship is of long standing. 我们两国是友谊长存的友好邻邦。 The sun, which had hidden all day, now came out in all its splendor. 整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在又光芒四射地露面了。 There have been good results in the experiments that have given him grate encouragement. 实验中的良好结果给了他莫大的鼓励。 He took out a bottle of wine out of his pocket, which he began to drink slowly. 他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。 We will send the boy to Britain, where he can receive better education. 我们将要把这个孩子送到英国去接受更好的教育。
2．不翻译关系代词或关系副词 有些定语从句表面上是非限制性定语从句，但在意义上却 已经和主句融为了一体。在翻译时，应该将关系词省略， 使句子更连贯。 After dinner, the four key negotiators continued their talks, which continued well into the night. 晚饭后，四个主要谈判人物继续进行会谈，一直谈到深夜。 His wife, Betty, is Shanghai-born Chinese who left China at the age of eight, and whose book “Moon”, tells of her sister’s life in China. 他妻子贝蒂是一位出生在上海的华人，八岁离开中国，写 过本名叫《月》的书，记叙了她妹妹在中国的生活。
定语从句翻译
定语从句1.前置合译法（前滚翻）：若定语从句较短，较简单，与先行词（名词）的关系紧密（一般来说，紧密的，为限定性从句；不紧密的，为非限定性从句），限定性定语从句及少部分非限定性从句（较短且有描述性的非限定），一般将从句提在先行词之前，译成“…的” 1）The action it takes at any moment can,t be predicted,and people find that disturbing.分析：后一个that引导宾语从句，指代前面的事情。
翻译：它在任何一个时刻采取的行动都无法预见，这件事使人们感到不安。
2）I was, to borrow from John Le Carre（插入语）,the spy（间谍）who was to stay out in the cold.分析：插入语，作状语，译成汉语时，放在句首翻译：借用约翰.李.卡雷的话来说，我是一名被打入冷宫的间谍。
3）There will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life.分析：定语从句中含有定语从句，主句是when引导的定语从句，修饰a day 翻译：全世界人民过上幸福生活的那一天（终究）是会到来的。
4）The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.翻译：在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。
5）We were most impressed by the fact that even those patients who were not told of their serious ill were quite aware of its potential outcome.翻译：给我们留下极深印象的是（同位语的翻译）即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。
定语从句例句带翻译及讲解
定语从句例句带翻译及讲解定语从句例句带翻译及讲解定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relative word）引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句（英语：attributive clause），这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。
下面是店铺整理的定语从句例句带翻译及讲解，一起来看看吧。
(1) who引导的非限制性定语从句Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。
My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year.我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。
(2) whom引导的非限制性定语从句关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。
如：Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。
Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了许多东西。
(3) whose引导的非限制性定语从句whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。
whose 通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。
如：The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。
Above the trees are the mountains whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在树林的高处是山，其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。
定语从句的翻译
翻译此类定语从句应该用溶合法，即将主句和从 句溶合在一起翻译。例如： It is a good machine that can work without power. 再好的机器也要有动力才能开动。
It is a long lane that has no turning. 再长的巷子也会有转弯的。
1、译成“这”字句
有时，关系代词并不仅仅只是指代先行词，它还指代 前面整个句子的内容。这时，我们一般将其译成“这” 或“这一点” He admired Mrs. Brown, which surprises me most. 他钦佩布朗太太，这使我大为惊讶。 She was very patient towards the children, which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。
常用的定语从句的翻译方法
一、合译法
合译法通常用于句式较短的情况，主要以 限制性定语从句为主。 在英译汉时，一般将其译成“的”字结构， 有时也将定语部分译成谓语、兼语句的一 部分或带有“这”字句的简单句。
1.译成定语“的”字结构
最为常见，将定语部分放在被修饰名词的前面 He is not the one who will give up easily. 他不是一个轻易服输的人。
3. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了蛋糕。 4. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。 5. This is the cat that killed the rat that ate the cake that was put in the house that Jack built. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。老鼠偷吃了放在屋里的蛋糕。屋子 是杰克盖的。
定语从句汉译英翻译
定语从句句型练习1.正在和汤姆说话的人是约翰。
2.你正在找的那位医生在房间里。
4.这是你想要的那本书。
5.我不能忘记在北京居住的那些日子。
6.这是我住了5年的房子。
7.这就是我为什么迟到的原因。
9.正在树下读书的那个女骇是我妹妹。
10.玛莉正在照看的那个小骇是汤姆。
12.这是我为什么不喜欢他的原因。
13.你认识那个叫做汤姆的人吗？16.我想见一见你刚才谈起的人。
17.一周前丢失的那只山羊找到了。
21.你知道电影的开始时间吗？23.昨晚我们看的那场电影太好了。
1.The boy who is talking with Tom is John.2.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room .4.This is the book which you want .5.I can’t forget the days when I lived in Beijing .6.This is the house where I lived for five years .7.This is (the rea son) why I’m late .9.The girl who is reading under the tree is my sister .10.The boy whom Mary is looking after is Tom .12.This is (the reason) why I don’t like him .13.Do you know the man whose name is Tom .16.I want to see the man whom you talked of just now .17.The goat which was lost a week ago has been found .20.This is the only thing that we can do .21.Do you know the time when the film will begin ?23.The film which we saw yesterday evening was wonderful .。
定语从句的翻译
(6)Every nation also wants the opportunity and privilege of buying from foreign countries products and services that are scarce or unavailable at home that would be useful and beneficial to its people. 每个国家也需要有机会和优惠权从外国购 买国内稀缺或买不到的产品和劳务，这些 产品和劳务一定是对本国人民有用又有利 的。
溶合译法
(13)You are the only person who could do it. 只有你才能做这件事。
(14)He has a son of twenty who is now at the high school. 他有一个二十岁的儿子现在正在上中学。
(15)On the platform I could see a black slave who was working the pump. 我看见台上有个黑奴在压水泵。
(6)We know that a cat, whose eye can take in more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night. (7)There occurred the Great Earthquakes of 1923 in Japan, which caused a serious damage of property and a great loss of lives. (8)One will surely succeed who perseveres to the end.
定语从句英文翻译方法
定语从句英文翻译方法定语从句英文翻译方法定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。
下面是店铺为大家整理的定语从句英文翻译方法，欢迎大家借鉴与参考，希望对大家有所帮助。
一、前置译法如果一个定语从句在句中的作用是修饰和限定名词，那么通常就采取译为前置定语的方法。
但注意译成前置定语后既不能影响原文所表达的意思，还要使整个句子的表达言简意赅、连贯通顺、语气较强。
例句：Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.译文：水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
在前置译法的过程中如果定语从句中的谓语不含有具体意义，可省译从句中的谓语。
这种译法很简便，也很有效。
有时候，出于汉语行文的需要和逻辑关系方面的考虑，可将定语从句提在主语之前翻译，用来说明情况，但不作为被修饰名词的定语。
例句：There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands.译文：移民从个地方带来了多种文化，产生了极大的好处。
二、后置译法我们都知道，英语中很多定语从句都是为了连接两个具有共同名词的句子而存在的，因此在翻译时最好分为两个分句。
而对于起限定作用的定语从句，如果结构较为复杂，句子太长，无法译成前置的定语，最后就译成一个后置的并列分句，这样更合乎汉语的习惯。
例句：Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power.译文：我们的反恐战争是一场意志力的较量。
在这场较量中，不屈不挠的精神就是力量。
结构较复杂的定语从句常译成后置的并列分句，在多数情况下要重译先行词，或即便句子不长，出于某种原因需要强调先行词，也要重译先行词。
中英句子翻译定语从句的翻译
中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译中英句子翻译-定语从句的翻译定语从句的翻译1.将下列含有限制性定语从句的复合句译成汉语：1). Everything that is around us is matter. 我们周围的一切都是物质2). He is the only one among us that knows French. 他是我们中唯一懂法语的人。
3). I know the reason why he came late. 我知道他来迟的原因。
4). Certain ideas, principles, and laws often form the foundation on which other ideas, principles and laws of a science are constructed. 一些思想、原则和法律往往会成为其他思想、原则和法律赖以形成的基础。
5). Stainless steels must contain a minimum of 10% chromium. This is the reason why they are stainless. 不锈钢至少要含有10%的铬，这就是不锈钢不生锈的原因。
6). Electrical energy that is supplied to a lamp can be turned into light energy. 供照明的电能可以转化为光能。
7). An electric field is a space where an electric force exists. 电场就是电力存在的空间。
8). The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired. 屋顶坏了的房子现在已经修好。
9). Shanghai is the place where he was born. 上海是他出生的地方。
英汉翻译之定语从句
The same day an engineer in Florida decides to use the savings which he has accumulated to buy 100 shares of General Motor’s stock. He is the best general who makes the fewest mistakes. Chances favor the minds that are prepared. 惟有时时刻刻做好思想准备的人，才能抓住 机遇。? Words are the only things that last for ever. 语言是唯一能永远持续下去的东西。
英汉翻译之
变通：改变句式—定语从句的译法
1,定语从句分为限制性（restrictive)和非限 制性(non-restrictive)两种，都放在先行词 (antecedent)后面。 2, 限制性定语从句：与先行词之间无逗号隔 开，用以修饰先行词； They are also voters who help influence the decision of the government. 3，非限制性定语从句：与先行词间用逗号 隔开，对先行词作补充性叙述或说明； Other governmental activities are the responsibilities of the individual sates, which have their own constitutions and laws.
Thus the people of the entire community, not just the parents of the children who attend, pay for public schools, which are free and open to everyone.
英-译-汉-定语从句的译法
英-译-汉-定语从句的译法英译汉定语从句的译法定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种,两类定语从句在翻译方法上基本类似, 因此我们把它们放在一起介绍。
在翻译定语从句时,我们经常采用下列的翻译方法:一、前置法把英语原文的定语从句翻译成带“的”的定语词组, 放置于被修饰的词之前, 将英语原文的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句, 这种方法一般用于限制性定语从句比较短的情况。
一些较短的具有描述性的非限制性定语从句也可采用前置法, 但没有限制性定语从句使用得普遍。
例如:例1.For example, one function of friendship seems to fulfill is that it supports the image we have of ourselves, and confirms the value of the attitudes we hold.例如, 友谊的一个作用似乎是支持我们在自己心目中的形象, 并使我们持有的价值观念更加坚定。
例2.The first two must be equal for all who are being compared, if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. (92年考题)如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话, 那么对所有被比较者来说, 前两个因素必须是一样的。
例3.The first method is to give a synonym, a word that has nearly the same meaning as the word you wish to define: face for countenance, nervousness for anxiety.第一种方法是同义词法, 即给出一个与需要释义的词在意义上几乎相同的, 如用face表示countenance, 用nervousness表示anxiety.例4.Behaviourists, in contrast, say that difference in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. (90年考题)相反, 行为主义者认为, 成绩的差异是由于黑人常常被剥夺了白人在教育及其他外界环境方面所享有的许多有利条件而造成的。
英语翻译定语从句的译法课件
即先译主句，然后将定语从句译成并列分句，有时也可以译成独 立的句子。这时要重复先行词或用代词、副词等来指代先行词或
整个句子。
o If you reach Chicago by train and
spend only an hour or two there you will feel the light wind off the lake which gives it the name “ Windy City” .
.
o 你们英国女人每天狼吞虎咽地吃三 到五餐肉食，你拿她同她们(英国女 人)比，当然觉得她是个苗条仙女了。
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译成状语从句
o 有些定语从句从形式上看是定 语，但在意义上与主句有着逻 辑状语关系 ，起着主句的原因， 结果， 目的，条件，让步等状 语的作用，翻译时应该按照其 语法功能 ，译成汉语各种相应 的复句。
o 这位女记者想写篇文章，以便能够引起公众对 那起沉船事件的注意。 ( 目的状语)
4. You would have to be careful not to offend the boss, who would give you the sack at any time.
o 你得小心谨慎，不能得罪老板，因为老板随时
a 前置译法 b 后置译法 c 合成译法 d 译成状语从句
3
前置译法
o 限制性定语从句往往要译成“ … ”这种句 型的前置定语结构，因为限制性定语从句与 所修饰的词关系密切，若分开译则会影响主 句意思的完整。
o 也有一些非限制性定语从句，或因结构较短， 或因与被修饰词关系较为密切，或因拆译后 将会造成译文结构松散，在这种情况下也可 以译成前置定语结构。
o There are many people who want to see the film.
定语从句翻译
2. Methods of translating the restrictive attributive clauses
1. 前置法 如果定语从句比较简短，译者可将定语从句译 成“……的”结构放在先行词前做定语，这样， 英语的复合句译成汉语时就变成简单句。
The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.
3.这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫，那只老鼠偷吃了蛋糕。 4.这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫，那只老鼠偷吃了放在房间里的蛋糕。 5. 这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫，那只老鼠偷吃了放在房间里的 蛋糕，房子是杰克修建的。
Conclusion
英语的定语从句为右开放型，放在 被修饰词语后，一个句子可以向右扩展 成无数个从句；而汉语则不然，定语部 分置于被修饰词左边，不能像英语那样 随意地扩展。因此，我们在翻译复杂的 英语定语从句时，最有效的方法就是将 其切分为一个个短句再分别处理。
污染是我们必须解决的一个迫切问题。
2. 后置法
如果定语从句比较长而复杂，若用合并法将
其放在先行词前，译文不但晦涩难懂，而且也 不符合汉语表达习惯。在这种情况下，我们可 采用主句和从句分开来译的方法，为使译文连 贯，流畅，翻译时可根据情况重复先行词。
which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.
牛顿发明了一种点蜡烛的纸灯笼，在冬天昏暗的 早晨上学时带着照路。
2. Between these two tiny particles, the proton and the electron, there is a powerful attraction that is always present between negative and positive electric charges .
定语从句的翻译英汉翻译
前置法
• Such adjectives can hardly distort the reality which they concealed.
• 这种修辞改变不了它们掩盖 的事实。
• Every factory whose chimneys put off dirty and harmful smoke should do something to stop the pollution.
• 许多大学都配备了“闭路”电视设备，以 便为各个教室千百个学生进行电视讲授和 演示。
• We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.
• 即将来临的经济危机似乎比 上一次周期性的经济萧条更 为严重，因为那次萧条没有 出现能源危机和核竞赛。
• My assistant, who had carefully read through the instructions before doing his experiment, could not obtain satisfactory results, because he followed them mechanically.
•
• 这个方案富有创意，独辟 蹊径，很有魄力，因此他 们都很喜欢。
• This is the very laser scalpel which he used to operate on a patient suffering from malignant tumor.
•
• 他就是用这把激光刀为一 位患恶性肿瘤的病人动手 术的。
英语定语从句的翻译（原创）
定语从句的翻译一、前置法二、省略法三、重复法四、融合法五、定语状语转换法一、前置法1. The fine would serve as a warning toother motorists who drove without due care.罚款对于驾车不够小心的司机可以起到警告作用。
2. The era of globalization has begun withnew communication and informationtechnologies, and capital could flow freely to those regions, industries and companies that promise the bestreturns.随着通信和信息技术的发展，全球化时代已经到来，资本可以自由地流向有望获得最大收益的地区、产业和公司。
二、省略法3. One of the features of London is thenumber of big stores, most of which are to be found in or near the West End.伦敦的一大特色是大商店多，大多数位于西区及周边地区。
4. Like the press in most other countries,American newspapers range from thesensational, which feature crime, sex and gossip, to the serious, which focus on factual news and the analysis ofworld events.美国报纸和其他国家一样，既有耸人听闻的小报，报道犯罪、色情和小道消息，也有严肃报刊，聚焦实事新闻，分析国际时事。
5. Scientists have been devoted todeveloping high-yield rice varieties that sparked the green revolution in the 1970s.科学家致力于开发高产水稻品种，从而引发了20世纪70年代的绿色革命。
定语从句翻译
3．译成兼语句的一部分
• 当先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，即先行词在 逻辑上与定语从句中的动词构成主谓或动宾关系时， 就可采用此方法使两个分句融为一体。
• 例1：I need someone who can instruct me in my English study. 译文：我需要一个人来指导我学习英语。
• 例1: She suddenly thought of her husband, who had left her and their children behind and had never been heard of. 译文：他丈夫早就抛弃了妻儿一直杳无音信，现在她 突然想起了他。
• 例2: The men suddenly awakened to the fact that there were beauty and significance in these trifles, which they had so long trodden carelessly beneath their feet. 译文：以前，它们一直被这些人漫不经心地踩在脚下， 现在这些人突然意识到这些小玩意儿的美丽和意义了。
• 例2: His wife, Betty, is Shanghai-born Chinese who left China at the age of eight, and whose book “Moon”, tells of her sister’s life in China. 译文：他妻子贝蒂是一位出生在上海的华人，八岁离开中国，写 过本名叫《月》的书，记叙了她妹妹在中国的生活。
• 例2: This is a college of science and technology, the students of which are trained to be engineers or scientists. 译文：这是一所科技大学，该校学生将被培养成工程师或 科学工作者。
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3）Translating Attributives with ） Adverbial Functions
• Rendered into a clause of cause • The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships which require assistance of tugboats. • 罢工会使远洋轮船不能靠岸，因为它们需要拖船 罢工会使远洋轮船不能靠岸， 帮助。 帮助。 • Many of our Welsh people are going to settle in North Carolina where land is cheap. • 我们威尔士人有很多要去北卡罗利纳定居，因为 我们威尔士人有很多要去北卡罗利纳定居， 那里土地价格便宜。 那里土地价格便宜。
Rendered into Chinese Predicate 融合法） （融合法）
• “We are a nation that must beg to stay alive.” said a foreign economist. • 一位外国经济学家说道：“我们这个国家不讨饭就活不下去。” • There was that in Rawdon’s face which cuased Becky to fling herself before him. • 罗登脸上的表情使得贝姬扑到他身前。 • They are aware that they are participating in a movement which is shaking the world and which brings together in its ranks, in its forward march, all peoples aspiring to freedom and justice. • 他们知道，他们所参加的运动正在震撼世界，并把渴望自由和正义的 一切民族团结到自己的行列中来，团结到自己的进军中来。
2) Translating English Nonrestrictive Clauses
• Rendered into Chinese Complex Clauses（译为汉语联合复句的 （ 分句） 分句） • She knew that Amelia would tell her mother, who could probably tell Joseph. • 她知道爱米丽亚准会去告诉妈妈，做妈妈的多半又会说给叫乔瑟夫听。 她知道爱米丽亚准会去告诉妈妈，做妈妈的多半又会说给叫乔瑟夫听。 • Nations such as Greece and Norway have large maritime fleets, which provide the transportation service. • 像希腊和挪威这些国家具有庞大的远洋船队，这些船队能提供海上运 像希腊和挪威这些国家具有庞大的远洋船队， 输业务。 输业务。 • In the fields of the boxing championship he knocked out his opponent, who was carried out of the ring. • 在拳击锦标赛的决赛中，他把对方击昏在地，对手被抬出拳击场。 在拳击锦标赛的决赛中，他把对方击昏在地，对手被抬出拳击场。
Rendered into a Clause together with the Antecedent
• Modern man, who was enclosed by four walls and chained to an indoor job, realizes that he is shortening his days. • 现代人为室内工作所羁绊，终年幽禁在四 壁之内，深知这是在缩短自己的寿命。 • Mr. John, for whom I was working was very generous about overtime payment. • 我为琼斯先生工作，他对加班加点的报酬 很慷慨。
• Language is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other. • 语言是人们交流思想的工具。
Rendered into Chinese Compound Sentences（并列法） （并列法）
• We live in a world where relations between states are relations of forces. • 在我们所处的世界上，国家之间的关系是力量对比的关系。 • A true friend is, as it were, a polished mirror which reflects our features, good and bad, as they are. • 一个真正的朋友，就好象一面磨光的镜子，它把我们的 面貌，不论好的，坏的， 都如实地反映出来。 • You may have read stories in which the hero gets into his spaceship and “blasts off” into the outer reaches of space without a worry about fuel. • 你大概读过这样的一些故事吧，它们描写一个英雄坐上飞 船，“风驰电挚”，直冲九霄之外，毋须为燃料担心发愁。
Rendered into Pre-attribute
• He thought to better his circumstance by marrying a young woman of the French nation, who was by profession an opera girl. • 他想改善他周围的环境，娶了一个唱歌剧的法国 年轻女人做老婆。 • When she studied at the college, Susan liked McColl, who was warm and pleasant, but did not like Hyneman, who was aloof and arrogant. • 苏三在大学学习时，她喜欢热情愉快的麦科尔， 不喜欢冷漠高傲的海尼曼。
• • • • • • • • • • Rendered into Chinese Pre-attributive（前置法） （前置法） That is a place which people have seen but few can describe. 那是一个很多人都看见过但几乎没有人能够描写出来的地方。 那是一个很多人都看见过但几乎没有人能够描写出来的地方。 All who know me, consider me an eminently safe man. 知道我的人无不认为我是个杰出的稳健派。 知道我的人无不认为我是个杰出的稳健派。 The heart that loves is always young. 爱心永远是年轻的。 爱心永远是年轻的。 There is not loyal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of its steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits. 在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不畏劳苦，沿着陡峭山路攀登的人， 在科学上没有平坦的大道，只有不畏劳苦，沿着陡峭山路攀登的人，才有希望到达 光辉的顶点。 光辉的顶点。
Lecture Eleven
•Comparison of English and Chinese Attributives, and Translation of English Attributive Clauses •英汉定语的比较与英语定语 英汉定语的比较与英语定语 从句的汉译
பைடு நூலகம்
Translating English Restrictive Attributive Clauses
• Dawn breaking over the islands very beautiful in a soft light with many clouds. There is a transparency about the light love which cannot be described or painted. • 曙色中的海岛美丽极了，晨光微熹，彩云片片。 澄澈的光彩是无法描写，无法勾画出来的。 • He wore the look of one who knows he is the victim of a terrible disease and understands his helplessness. • 他脸上的神色就象是自知得了恶疾而又无药可治 了。
Rendered into an Independent Sentence
• One was Newman himself, who laughed as he recounted how he had hidden in that basement for several days. • 纽曼本人就是其中的一个。他讲述他一连几天躲 在在地下室的那种情景时，不禁哈哈大笑。 • These books, which you can get at any bookstore, will give you all the information you need. • 这几本书将向你提供你所需的一切资料。你可以 在任何书店买到这些书。
• A very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river. • 位置十分合适；它位于两座大山之中，一 条大河从中间流过。 • This was the period when he began the research which resulted in the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity. • 就在这段期间，他开始了一项研究，通过 这项研究创立了著名的相对论学说。