初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习(精华版).doc
初中英语语法知识点总结及练习精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版一、初中英语语法归纳本文归纳了词法、八种基本时态以及三大基本从句，是历年中考英语必考语法点。
（一）词法1. 名词（1）名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。
不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。
物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。
不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。
要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。
要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。
如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news等。
（2）名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。
B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es（3）名词的所有格A. 单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
如：the worker's bike，the Children’ s ballB. 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’ s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’ s。
如：This is Lucy and Licy’ s room.These are Kate's and jack’ s rooms.C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。
如：the students’ books，the girls’ blouses(另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。
如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。
) 2. 代词人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词（1）人称代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数 he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数 they them their theirs themselves（2）物主代词物主代词的用法：形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词；名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
初中英语语法知识点总结及练习
初中英语语法知识点总结及练习n: This article summarizes the parts of speech。
eight basic tenses。
and three basic clauses that are essential for the English grammar n of the middle school entrance exam.1.Parts of SpeechNouns:1) Countable and Uncountable NounsCountable nouns refer to people or things that can be measured in numbers and have both singular and plural forms。
Uncountable nouns refer to things that cannot be measured in numbers。
Mass nouns and abstract nouns generally cannot be counted。
and are considered uncountable nouns.Uncountable nouns generally cannot be preceded by the articles "a" or "an" to indicate quantity。
and do not have plural forms。
To express the concept of "one of。
"。
phrases like "a piece of" must be added。
It is important to note that many nouns that are countable in Chinese are uncountable in English。
初中英语语法大全(含练习)30页
初中英语语法大全语法网络图一．名词I.专有名词普通名词国名地名人名，团体机构名称可数名词不可数名词个体名词集体名词抽象名词物质名词II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。
现将构成方法规则例词1一般情况在词尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为v再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives,wife-wives, half-halves加-s chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs4以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-esparty-parties, family-families, story-stories,city-cities5以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays,Henry-Henrys6以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-esNegro-Negroes, hero-heroes, potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes不少外来词加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos,kilo-kilos, solo-solos两者皆可zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th结尾的名词加-s truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,规则例词1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese,mouse-mice2单复数相同sheep, deer, means, works, fish, yuan, jin, 3只有复数形式trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, 4一些集体名词总是用作复数people, police5部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）class, family, crowd, couple, group, government,population, team, public, party6复数形式表示特别含义customs(海关), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜)7表示“某国人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks,Swedes, Europeans单复数同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-womenEnglishmen, Frenchwomen8合成名词将主体名词变为复数sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers,boy friends无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches 将两部分变为复数women singers, men servantsIII. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）
中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）中考英语语法讲解资料及练习（共18讲）第1讲：名词名词当然是大家都很熟悉的了，我们吃的food，喝的drinks，穿的clothes 都是名词。
It is easy, right? 但是你可能被名词的单复数变化、名词作定语以及名词所有格等问题搞得糊里糊涂的，到底该怎么用呢？OK,follow me。
First, 名词复数的特殊变化。
普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或-es，可是偏偏有一些名词不听话，变化不规则。
这些小调皮是：a. class, box, watch, brush等词以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾，复数要加-es；b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es；c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe变为-v, 再加-es；d. 以-o结尾的名词，一般来说，末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s，我们学过的有radio,zoo。
末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词，变复数加-es。
如：tomato, hero, potato，当然其中的piano 和photo，又是一个例外，他们的结尾只能加-s。
e. child（children）, foot（feet）, tooth（teeth）, mouse （mice）, man（men ）, woman（women ）等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。
注意：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；f. deer，sheep等词更是懒得可以，竟然单复数同形。
好记好记。
people，police，cattle 等词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数，所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式，这就是集体名词。
初中英语重点语法知识点详解及练习题(附答案)
一、单复数（偶尔会考，但是错的概率还蛮高的，因为看起来简单，其实更容易忘记。
）1、名词单复数I like bananas (banana) very much. That is an apple (apple).2、be动词单复数（这里要注意过去时，不要忘记看后面的时态）There is (be) a pair of shoes under the bed. Here is (be) some water for you.I am (be) very glad to see you. Tom and I are (be) in the same class. Where were (be) you just now? I was (be) in the playground.3、代词单复数These(this) are rulers. Liu Tao is doing his(their) homework.二、名词所有格（这种题型的更容易错，我的学生就经常错在这个题型上，不是不会做，而是要忘记。
）This is Helen’s (Helen) scarf. Happy Children’s(children) Day.三、人称代词和物主代词1．人称代词—主格(在句中作主语，陈述句中一般在开头，一般疑问句中一般是第二个单词……)We(our) milked cows on the farm yesterday. Does she(her) have a new bike? Which pen do you(your) like? On Christmas Day I(my) got many presents.2．人称代词—宾格(在句中作宾语，一般用在动词或介词后)Let me(mine) have a look. David is behind her(she).3．物主代词—形容词性(用在名词前)What is your(you) job? Miss Li is their(them) English teacher.4．物主代词—名词性（相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”）The teapot is his(he). Yours(your) is over there.四、基数词和序数词1．基数词表示数量There are five(fifth) birds in the tree.2．序数词表示顺序March is the third(three) month in a year.常见序数词first second third （不要拼错了，学作文时也可以用）五、动词—时态（时态也是一个非常重要的一点，一定要在考试时注意。
初中英语语法讲解以及练习题(整理后,可打印)(DOC)
名词一、专有: 人/事物/地点/机构Tianjin, France, the Great Wall, Chinese普通: 一类人/事物固有名称个体: student, table物质: water, air, rain抽象(动作, 状态, 品质):future, help, health集合: class, people, family二、表示的事物的性质可数: a pen, two boxes (可直接用数字计算的)不可数ink, work用量数+of 表示数量a piece of paper; a bottle of water; three cups of teaHere is a bottle of wine.There are four glasses of milk.I need a box of apples.There are two baskets of eggs on the table.可数名词:单数复数: 规则与不规则规则:1、直接+ s maps bags2、以s x sh ch 结尾+ es brushes watches boxes buses3、辅音字母+ y 结尾, 把y 变i + es cities families (boys)4、以f, fe 结尾, 把f, fe 变v + es knives leaves (roofs, handkerchiefs)5、以o 结尾+ es potatoes tomatoes (pianos, photos, radios)6、不规则: children feet teeth mice men women Frenchmen (Germans, human beings)7、单复数一样: Chinese Japanese fish deer sheep形式单数意义复数: cattle police peopleThe people here are very friendly.以复数形式出现: clothes, glasses, shoes, stockings, trousersHis clothes are over there.名词所有格:有生命的东西的名词+ ‘s 表示谁的Tom’s friends; the students’ books; the teacher’s office; the students’ reading room表几个人共有一样东西:Bei and Rong’s room is very clean.表各自所有:Liu’s and Peng’s mothers are both teachers.省略:避免重复This is not my brother’s glass but my husband’s.表示店铺, 某人家时the doctor’s (office); the Green’s (house); the tailor’s (shop)指时间,距离的名词也可用名词所有格Beiji ng’s population; five minutes’ walk; today’s newspaper表无生命的东西的名词所有关系, 用of 形式The leg of the table; the cover of the book双重所有格: of短语+ 名词所有格a friend of my sister’s;a picture of Mrs. Wang’s (a picture of Mrs. Wang)名词在句子中的作用The teacher taught us an English song yesterday.My daughter likes Chinese.Linda was elected monitor.We named her Beibei.We would like to visit a car factory.John David, a famous America singer, died in an aircraft crash.名词练习题例题:Please keep quiet. If you make a lot of , you may disturb others.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD. singing——Would you like some drinks, boys?——Yes, , please.A. some orangesB. two boxes of chocolatesC. some cakesD. two bottles of orangeThis is room. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Lucy’s and Lily’sB. Lucy’s and LilyC. Lucy and Lily’sAfter playing football for more than a half hour, the students took rest.A. a few minute’sB. a few minutes’C. a little minute’sD. a little minutes’1. There are fifty six in China.A. peopleB. peoplesC. people’sD. of people2. There is not enough in the corner to put the table.A. placeB. roomC. floorD. ground3. The new pair of which I bought yesterday is made of .A. glasses; glassB. glass; glassC. glasses; glassesD. glass; glasses4. The Whites to China for holiday this summer.A. is going to flyB. flyC. are going to flyD. flies5. He told us he had some , some , two dogs, and a cow on his farm.A. sheeps; chickensB. sheep; chickensC. sheep; chickenD. sheeps; chicken6. There have been a lot of in our city since 1990.A, woman doctors B. woman doctor C. women doctor D. women doctors7. These visitors are from . But they are probably not , because theyspeak .A. German; German; FrenchB. Germany; Germen; FranceC. Germany; Germans; FrenchD. German; Germans; France8. They got much from those new books.A. ideasB. photoC. informationD. message9. If there is a big football match, several will watch the traffic.A. hundreds policesB. hundreds policeC. hundred policesD. hundred police10. The old teacher is a friend of .A. my eldest brother’sB. my eldest brotherC. my eldest brothers’D. my eldest brothers11. This book will be in your studies.A. of great useB. of helpfulC. with careD. great importance12. The teachers who are coming to us are mothers.A. Rose and Dick’sB. Ro se’s and Dick’sC. Rose and Dicks’D. Rose and Dick13. ——Is this newspaper?——Yes, it’s my .A. today’s; fatherB. today’s; father’sC. today; father’sD. today; father14. The new shop sells clothes and shoes.A. womenB. wome n’sC. womens’D. woman’s15. It is about walk from here to the station.A. half an hours’B. a half hours’C. half a hour’sD. half an hour’s16. What we are having today!A. the fine weatherB. a fine weatherC. fine a weatherD. fine weather( ) 1. _____ are going to England for a holiday.A. The WangB. Wang’sC. The Wang’sD. The Wangs( ) 2. There are many _____ in the school.A. women teachersB. woman teachersC.women teacherD. woman teacher( ) 3. _____ turn yellow in autumn.A. LeafB. LeavesC. LeaveD. Leafs( ) 4. Will you please show me the way to the _____ shop?A. shoeB. shoes’C. shoesD. shoe’s( ) 5. Help yourselves to some _____ , dear children!A. fishsB. fishesC. fishD. the fish( ) 6. _____ hard work it is!A. What aB. HowC. WhatD. How a( ) 7. Do you believe that there are two _____ in my class?A. MariesB. MarysC. Mary’sD. Marys’( ) 8. His family _____ a happy one.A. beB. areC. isD. was( ) 10. My grandparents like _____ very much, so they grow some in their _____ garden every year.A. vegetable, vegetableB. vegetable, vegetablesC. vegetables, vegetablesD. vegetables, vegetabl冠词用法：不可独立使用,放在名词前分类：不定冠词：a an定冠词: the不定冠词用法: a + 一般名词an + 发音以元音音素开头的名词a house; a university; a book; an hour; an umbrella; an apple1. 第一次提到某人, 某物There is a ball under the chair.Mrs. Li is a math teacher.2. 代表某类人/物A horse is a useful animal.Even a child can answer this question.3. 表示每一的Take this medicine three times a day.4. 固定词组(平时积累)have a rest; a long time; a few; a lot of; a bit; go out for a walk定冠词the 这个;那个;这些;那些1.特指某个人/某物; 谈话双方都知道的事物; 重复提到过的人/事物They are playing basketball. The ball is hers.Would you please take the book to Mr. Liu?There is a table by the window. On the table there are some books.2.用在世界上独一无二的事物前; 方位名词前Liu Beibei wants to visit the Summer Palace.The sun sets in the west.3.用在单数可数名词前,表示某类人或事物The computer is a very useful machine.The elephant is bigger than the horse.4.用在序数词,形容词或副词最高级或only修饰的名词前This is the first time he visits Europe.He is the best teacher they have ever met.She is the only teacher who has been to both America and Britain.5.用在乐器前My daughter likes to play the piano.(表球类,棋类名词前不用)6.the + adj 表示某类人或事物the poor; the young; the wounded7.the + 姓氏复数形式, 表示…一家人或夫妇The Greens are watching TV now.The Wangs are kind to us.8.专有名词前The Yellow River; the Red Sea; The people’s Republic of China; The Great Wall.9.习惯用语in the morning; in the afternoon; on the right(at night; at noon; at midnight)零冠词现象1.表某一类人或事物复数名词前(泛指)Girls like flowers.2.国名,人名前Mary likes to live in China.3.名词前已有this, that, these, those, my, some, any, his等代词作定语修饰时I have no classes every Sunday.I have been teaching English in this school for eighteen years.4.在抽象名词或物质名词前She and her husband both like music.(Tom likes the music of the film.)Paper is made of wood.5.星期,月份,季节,节假日前I was born in November.It is very hot in summer here.6.表头衔,职务前This is Mr. Liu, manager of this company.7.三歺,球类前Have breakfast. Play foot ball8.固定词组Go to school; work day and night; go to bed; by train＿＿＿India and China are of ＿＿＿same continentA. /; theB. The; theC. /;/D. /; a What ＿＿＿fine weather we have these days!A. aB. theC. /D. an＿＿＿Greens are on ＿＿＿visit to a beautiful city in China.A. /; aB. A; theC. The; aD. the; /用适当的冠词填空，不需要冠词的空白处填“X”:1. The car is running about sixty miles ＿＿＿hour.2. My friend is interested in __________ science.3. Don’t worry; we still have ＿＿＿little time left.Hurry up; we have ＿＿＿little time left.4. John is ＿＿＿cleverest boy in his class.5. March 8 is _________ Women’s Day.6. ＿＿＿Greens will come to see you tomorrow.7. Here is ＿＿＿black blouse; _____ blouse is hers.8. They always have ________ bread for __________ dinner.9. I prefer playing _______ piano to playing _________ basketball.10. ________ harder we study, _________ more we’ll learn.11. We can’t see ______ sun at ______ night.A. a; /B. a; theC. the; /D. the; the12. Students often play ___ volleyball in __ afternoon.A. /; anB. /; theC. the; anD. a; theIs Canada _______ English speaking country.A. /B. aC. anD. the4. This is _______ orange. It is _______ small orange.A. an; anB. an; aC. /; theD. the; a5. _____ UN report says that there will be standing room only on ____ earth then.A. A; theB. A; /C. An; /D. An; the7. There is _______ “x” in ______ word “six”.A. a; theB. a; anC. an; theD. a; a8. Look! _______ fine weather it is today!A. What aB. whatC. how aD. how9. _____ Yellow River is ____ second longest river in China.A. The; theB. /; aC. The; aD. The; /10. John Smith is __ of the two young men.A. strongB. a strongerC. the strongerD. the strongest1. –--What color is ______ orange? -----It’s _______ orange.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; /D. /; an2. Look! ______ good time the children are having!A. HowB. How aC. WhatD. What a3. London is _____ capital of _____ England.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; theD. the; /4. There’re ___ few mistakes (错误) in your homework. Don’t make __ same mistakes again.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; the5. _____ Most of the students in our class go to _____ school by bike every day.A. /; /B. the; aC. /; aD. the; the6. Don’t give up. You can try for _______ second time.A. theB. anC. aD. /7. She took me by ___ hand and led me into ____ room.A. my; aB. the; theC. a; theD. my; the8. What ____ interesting game it is! It must be ____ great fun.A. an; aB. a; theC. the; /D. an; /9. The house in ______ front of the river is on ______ fire.A. /; /B. the; theC. the; /D. /; a10. He often says ______ rich should help _______ poor.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. /; /11. －What can you see by the lake?－I can see ____ old man sitting on the chair.A. aB. anC. theD. /12. －Have you had ______ lunch yet? ---No, not yet.A. /B. aC. theD. an13. One morning he found a bag. There was _ “s” on the corner of _ bag.A. a; aB. a; theC. an; aD. an; the14. There’s ______ egg on the plate. _____ egg is for you.A. a; AB. an; AnC. an; TheD. the; An15. Did you enter for (报名/进入，参加)_____ high jump or _____ 400-metre race?A. a; aB. a; theC. the; aD. the; the16. ____ old man in black has waited for you for half ______ hour.A. The; anB. The; aC. An; aD. An; 不填17. ＿＿＿elephant is ___ useful animal.A. An; anB. An; aC. The; anD. A; an18. －I saw ___ story-book on the teacher’s desk?－___ book is Li Ming’s.A. a; AB. the; TheC. the; AD. a; The19. There is ______man over there, _____man is from Renhua, and he is studying in_______Beijing University.A. the, the ,theB. a, a, aC. a , the, theD. a, the, /( ) 1. Sunday is _____ day of the week.A. oneB. the firstC. firstD. the one( ) 2. Which is _____ , the sun, the earth or the moon?A. biggerB. biggestC. the biggestD. big( ) 3. There is a desk in his bedroom. On _____ desk there is _____ pencil-box.A. a, theB. the, theC. the, aD. a, a( ) 4. What _____ good idea it is!A. aB. anC. theD. /( ) 5. Yesterday I went to _____ school on _____ foot.A. the, theB. /, /C. a, /D. the, /( ) 7. Though he is rich, he has _____ friends.A. a littleB. a fewC. a lot ofD. few( ) 8. There is a tall tree _____ our classroom.A. in the front ofB. in frontC. in front ofD. at front the( ) 9. September 10th is _____ in China.A. Teachers’ DayB. Teacher’s DayC. Teacher’s DayD. the Teachers’ Day( ) 10. People often go skating in _____ winter.A. /B. aC. anD. the代词人称／物主／指示／反身／疑问／相互／不定人称代词：数／格／人称主格／宾格／单数／复数／人称I teach them English.Do you want to go there with us?Who is that? It is me.Who are you? I am your new neighbour.I choose you four. The rest stay here.She is from China.Where is Liu Jing? He has gone to France.She bought a new watch last week, but she lost it yesterday.It is going to snow. (时间／天气／自然／距离)It is sunny today. It is half past four. It is not far from my home to the school.Who is it? It is me. (指代不太清楚的人)Is it your new teacher?物主代词表达所有关系形容词性my your his her its our their 相当于形容词，作定语，后接名词名词性mine yours his hers its ours theirs 相当于形容词性物主代词＋名词My students, his familyTheir classroom is big. Ours is bigger. (our classroom)These books are not his. They are mine.There is something wrong with my car. Can I use yours?指示代词This that (时间／空间距我们较近的人或事物)these those(时间／空间距我们较远的人或事物)This/that is a horse.I like these but he likes those.What I need is this.Have you read those books?That/those 可代替前面提到过的名词以避免重复The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Wuhan.The cars made in Japan are as good as those made in Germany.This/that 可用来表示程度Is she that tall?The book is about this thick.That可用来代替句子或句子中的一部分He caught a cold. That’s why he could not come.不定代词不具体指明代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词some/any/no/nonesome/anysome用于肯定句中He has some English books, but he has not any French books. Any 用于否定句或疑问句中Do you have any paper and pens?Would you like some coffee?Some +单数可数名词表示某个Some lady asked to see you yesterday.There must be some reason for this.No/noneNo = not any 可数／不可数名词None 主语／宾语There is no money in the box.No car is 100% safe.None of them is/are good at English.She needs some money, but there is none at hand.All my friends like music. All my friends do not like music. Not all my …. None of my friends like music.Many/muchMany +可数名词复数Much +不可数名词She has many friends.There is not much water in the bottle.Few/a few 修饰或代替可数名词Little/a little修饰或代替不可数名词主宾定数量相对而言He has a few friends, but he has few good friends.There is a little water here, you may drink it.There is little time left, please be quick.We have quiet a few books to read.（许多）We have only a few minutes left.Very few people know about it.There is only a little (very little) water in the bottle.Both/either/neither两者都／两者中的一个／两者都不These tow books are very interesting. I like both.Both of them are right.Neither of them is good at English.Here are two tickets. You may take either of them.Both her brothers are teachers.Neither of her brothers is a teacher.Both her brothers are not teachers.Any/none/all用于三者或三者以上They are all tired, but none of them will stop to have a rest.I am free for the whole week. You can come on any day.All/both三者／两者或以上All the teachersAll of the teachersBoth the teachersBoth of the teachersBe动词后，实义动词前They all went there by plane.They are both teachers.The friends have both been invited.Each/every强调个别／强调全体There are many flowers on each side of the streets.Every student has to take the exam.Each of children was given a cake.The boys have five books each.They each have five books.Each of them (the boys) has five books.One代替可数名词，避免重复Ones/one’s/oneselfI don’t have a pen. Can you lend me one?There are two old books and a new one on the desk.One must do one’s duty.One should not praise oneself.Another/the other/the others另一个，又一个（众多中）／两者中一个／其余所有的几个This sweater is too small. Could you show me another one?The boy has three toy guns. One is green. Another is yellow. The third is black.There are 2 foreign students in the class. One is from France. The other is from Britain. There are many people in the park. Some are singing. Others are dancing.There are 20 students in our class. Ten are boys. The others are girls.合成代词Somebody someone anybody看作单数，做主宾定There is nothing in the box.Nobody wants to read it.疑问代词who whom whose what whichWho 主who will come here?Whom宾who/whom did you see yesterday?Whose定whose book is it?What什么what are you looking at?Which哪一个which teacher is your favorite teacher?反身代词谁自己～selfMyself himself yourself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselvesThe children enjoyed themselves at the party.The cake was made by the mother herself.相互代词：表互相Each otherOne anotherYou should help each other in your lessons.They are interested in one another’s work.The students’ barbers cut each other’s hair.代词练习题例题It used to be apartment, but now it’s .A. hers; mineB. her; mineC. her; myD. hers; myThe population of China is much larger than of Russia.A. thisB. thoseC. itD. that——Is here?——No, Tom and Jack have asked for leave.A. anybodyB. everybodyC. somebodyD. nobody ——Which do you prefer, coffee or cola?——, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. bothC. NeitherD. None1. bedroom is larger than .A. Our; yourB. Yours; theirsC. Theirs; oursD. Their; ours2. ——Li Gang and Wang Lin have been away. They can’t help us with the work.——Let’s do it .A. ourselvesB. themselvesC. yourselvesD. myself3. Look at the cat. Washing paws.A. Its; itsB. It; itsC. It’s; itsD. It’s; it’s4. All the students have gone to the Science Museum except .A. her and hisB. him and meC. she and himD. he and I5. will be sent to Germany for the training.A. I, you and heB. He, I and youC. You, she and ID. I, you and they6. The population of China is larger than of India.A. oneB. thoseC. theseD. that7. The players from Europe are taller than from Asia.A. thoseB. theseC. thatD. they8. He found impossible to work out the problem by .A. that; ourselvesB. it; myselfC. it; himselfD. that; himself9. took us two hours to repair the refrigerator.A. ThisB. It’sC. ThatD. It10. ——Who is singing in the next room?——must be Mary.A. SheB. ThisC. ItD. He11. ——Hello, may I speak to Peter?——Hello, Peter speaking.A. I’mB. this isC. that’sD. its12. ——When shall we go fishing next week, Saturday or Sunday?——day is OK. You decide.A. NeitherB. either.C. bothD. all13. There are forty pupils in Class 3. of them are Young Pioneers.A. AllB. EitherC. BothD. Each14. You can take of the two bags, but leave one to your sister.A. eachB. bothC. neitherD. either15. ——Which do you prefer, coffee or milk?——, thanks. I’d like some cool water.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None16. ——Is he interested in all the games?——No. he likes .A. allB. anyC. noneD. neither17. of us has been told about it, so we don’t know it at all.A. bothB. nobodyC. EachD. None18. The colour of Lingling’s skirt is different from of theirs.A. thatB. thisC. theseD. those19. Granny Li keeps one white cat and three yellow .A. oneB. onceC. one’sD. ones20. ——Would you like a banana?——No, thank you. I’ve already had .A. oneB. itC. thatD. this21. ——Can you see students on the playground?——Yes, I can see .A. any; a fewB. any; fewC. some; littleD. any; any22. If Lintao can’t win the race, does want a go?A. else everybodyB. somebody elseC. else anybodyD. anybody else23. Here are two letters, Bob, is for you and is for your father.A. one; anotherB. one; the secondC. one; the otherD. one; others24. After supper some people like to stay at home watching TV. like to go out for awalk.A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the others25. “He’s the tallest in the class” means “He’s taller than in the calss”.A. every boyB. any studentsC. each boyD. any other student26. Let’s ask Jim about the Internet. He knows about it.A. a fewB. fewC. a littleD. little27. I can’t give you any ink because I have left.A. littleB. fewC. a littleD. a few28. A lot of climbers have tried to climb the Qomolangma, but only have succeeded.A. manyB. fewC. a fewD. much29. ——May I use your pencil sharpener?——Yes. I have two, and you can use of them.A. everyB. allC. anyD. either30. of the five girls knows how to get there.A. allB. neitherC. bothD. none31. I have four cousins. One is a lawyer, is an artist, are workers.A. the other; the othersB. another; othersC. another; the othersD. the other; others32. This pair of glasses is too dark. Could you show me /A. the othersB. another oneC. the otherD. another pair33. Miss Gao gave the exam papers to all the pupils except who had not passed theexam.A. the onesB. onesC. themD. the other34. ——I’m very thirsty. Could I have to drink?——What would you like?——will do.A. anything; somethingB. something; anythingC. something; somethingD. anything; anything35. ——What are you doing here, Mary and Kate?——We are looking at pictures.A. each’s otherB. each other’sC. each otherD. each’s other’s数词数词表示数目的多少和顺序的词分为基数词和序数词基数词：表示数目或数量的词从十三至十九：以teen结尾逢十都以ty结尾二十一至九十九：十位与个位之间加连字符hundred thousand million billion读法：每三位隔开十位与百位之间加and26,256,352序数词：表示顺序或第几用法第一，第二，第三，其他加基数词后加th注意第五，第八，第九，第十二fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth二十，三十等：y变i +eth多位数时只变个位缩略形式：阿拉伯数字加最后两位字母读法：Lesson 2, the second lesson Page 53, the fifty-third pageRoom 605 Bus 5 Telephone number: 2225553分数读法：分子用基数分母用序数1/2 a half 1/3 one third 2./4 two quarters( )/5 two fifths 五又四分之五five and four fifths小数：0.12 0.32百分比：percent sixty percent加减乘除：Five and ten is fifteen. Five plus ten equals fifteen. Five and ten make fifteen.Seven minus one equals six. Seven minus one is six.Five times six equals thirty.Ten divided by five equals two.日期表示法：1990年3月14日March 14 1990( )9世纪the nineteenth centuryIn the 1990s时刻表达法：练习：This table is about (四英尺长，三英尺高，五英尺宽)No body believes that _______________ (一个八岁的小男孩) can do so well.We can see (数以千记的) stars at night.Our office is (和平路３３号)(第八课)＿＿＿＿is the simplest lesson of the book.My daughter was born ____________(1995年4月5日)He gets up ___________ (6:25) and goes to school _____________ (7:00)You can take ________ (685公共汽车)to go to the department store.This story happened in Guangzhou _________ (1996 年9月)How much is ________ (30-5)例题There are about two ____ students in the newly built school.A. thousandB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands ofIn our class ____ of the students are girls.A. three fifthsB. three fifthC. third fiveD. third fifthsBoth of the two rules are broken. I want to buy a ____ one.A. threeB. thirdC. forthD. 不填数词练习1 There are ___ days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-fivB. three hundreds and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty-fiveD. three hundred and sixty five2 There are____ students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-sixB. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and forty-sixD. eight hundred forty-six3 ______people visit this museum every day.A. HundredB. HundredsC. Hundred ofD. Hundreds of4 There are two___ people in the meeting room.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. hundred of5 Every year ___ watch NBA on TV.A. million peopleB. millions of peopleC. millions peopleD. million of people6 ____ trees have been planted in our school in the past 10 years.A. Thousands ofB. Two thousandsC. Thousand ofD. Two thousand of7 Look! There are ___ in the sky.A. thousand starsB. thousand of starsC. thousands of starsD. thousands of star8 My brother is in____.A. Three Class, One GradeB. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class ThreeD. class three, grade one9 We are going to learn___ this term.A. book sixB. six bookC. the book sixD. Book Six10 Please turn to___. Let's read the text aloud.A. Page TwoB. the page twoC. second pageD. page second11 We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this____.A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-fiveB. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty fiveC. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-fiveD. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-five12 "The year 1999" should be read "The year____".A. nineteen and ninety-nineB. nineteen ninety-nineC. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nineD. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine13 He will come here ____ tomorrow morning.A. at fifthB. at tenC. on twoD. till tenth14 Every day he begins to do his homework ___.A. at ten past sevenB. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventhD. until ten15 He was doing some washing ____.A. at eight yesterday morningB. yesterday morning eightC. yesterday morning at eightD. by eight yesterday morning16 He began to work there____.A. on his fiftyB. at age of fiftyC. when he fiftyD. in his fifties17 They moved to Beij ing _A. in 1980sB. in the 1980 'C. in the 1980sD. on the 1980's18 We all like the boy.A. of ten years oldB. ten-year-oldC. at ten oldD. of age of ten4 She was ___ her early twenties when she went abroad.A. atB. onC. of D: in19 There are____ months in a year. December is the____month of the year.A. twelve; twelveB. twelve; twelfthC. twelfth; twelveD. twelve; twelveth20 During____ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twentyB. the twentiethC. twentiethD. the twenty21 Sunday is the____ day of the week.A. seventhB. firstC. secondD. third22 Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourthB. the thirdC. a thirdD. the threeth23 Tom was to get to school and I was ______.A. first; ninthB. a first; a ninthC. the first; the ninthD. the second; the nineth24 -What's the date today?-Its___.A. FridayB. time to goC. cloudyD. June 4th25 Jenny was bornA. on July 10, 1987B. in July 10, 1987C. in 1987, July 10D. on 1987, July 1026 Monday is the second day, and_______.A. Tuesday is the fourthB. Thursday is the fifthC. the second is TuesdayD. the second is Thursday27 About____ of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.A. four-fifthB. four-fifthsC. fourth-fifthsD. fourths-fifth28 ___ of the students are girls in our class.A. Two threeB. Two threesC. Two thirdsD. Second three29 ___ of the world's books and newspapers are written in English.A. Three quartersB. Three quarterC. Thirds fourD. Threes fourth30 Tom is____ in the row.A. a secondB. the secondC. twoD. second31 The girl wanted to sing____ song in English.A. the othersB. a secondC. otherD. the second32 Now let me have____.A. the third tryB. a third tryC. third tryD. this third try参考答案：C CD A B A C B D A C B B A A D C A D B B B B C D A B B C A B B B。
初中英语语法讲解-15个专题汇总(习题和答案)word版
目录专题一名词 (1)专题二数词、冠词 (8)专题三介词、连词 (16)专题四代词 (25)专题五形容词、副词 (35)专题六动词的分类 (44)专题七情态动词、系动词 (51)专题八动词时态 (58)专题九被动语态 (64)专题十非谓语动词 (71)专题十一简单句、并列句 (81)专题十二祈使句、感叹句 (89)专题一三宾语从句 (95)专题一四定语从句 (103)专题一五状语从句 (111)专题一名词1.名词的数1.概述: 名词按其表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
2.可数名词及其单复数：可数名词有单复数变化，其前通常用不定冠词和数词来修饰，还可用many, few, a few, some, any, plenty of, lots of, a number of 等修饰。
构成名词复数形式的方法分为规则法和不规则法两种。
1）复数的规则构成法：绝大多数英语中的名词复数都是在单数名词后加上词尾-s或-es构成的。
具体规则如下图：a．单复同形的：Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, fish-fish(表示鱼的数量)b. 熟记下列词的复数变化：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, child-childrenc. 以man, woman做定语构成的复合名词，变复数时要全变：a man teacher-two men teachers; 其他情况一般只变主体名词而作定语的名词不变：a girl student-two girl students3. 不可数名词：不可数名词没有单复数。
如：water, meat, air等。
在表示数量时，通常用以下方法。
1）用some, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等表示多少。
初中英语语法非谓语动词知识点讲解及专项练习
初中英语语法非谓语动词知识点讲解及专项练习一非谓语动词的概念在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词它不受人称和数的限制非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式：to+动词原形动名词：动词原形+ing分词（现在分词和过去分词）二、动名词的用法动名词是由动词原形+ ing 构成，形式同现在分词形式一样，其否定形式是not + 动词原形+ ing。
1、动名词作主语：Talking like that is not polite. 那样谈话不礼貌。
Learning from others is important. 向别人学习很重要。
Putting on more clothes is not so good . 多穿衣服不一定好。
动名词作主语通常用一般式，可以像动词不定式一样，用it 先行词代替，而把动名词写在后面。
It's no use waiting here, let's go home. 在这儿等着也没用，我们回家吧。
It's very difficult climbing this mountain. 爬这座山很困难。
2、动名词作表语The nurse's job is looking after the patients. 护士的工作是护理病人。
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
3、动名词作定语She is studying in the reading room. 她在阅览室学习。
He slept in the sleeping bag. 他在睡袋里睡觉。
4、动名词作宾语Please stop smoking in the house. 请不要在家里抽烟。
I like reading in the forest. 我喜欢在树林里读书。
Do you mind my opening the windows? 你介意我打开窗户吗？She is found of collecting stamp. 她喜欢集邮。
初中英语语法专题精讲及答案
育才助教中心内部资料初中英语专题训练题专题一：词汇部分（名词、数词、冠词）A：名词专项可修饰名词的常用词：1）修饰可数名词与不可数名词：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of2）饰可数名词的有：many, (a)few, a large (great) number of3）只修饰不可数名词的有：much, (a)little, a great deal of2、难点1）名词所有格的归纳1、a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。
2、Children's Day3、a friend of my father's4、a twenty minutes' walk，ten miles' journey，a boat's length，two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。
（说明：表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's）5、a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。
（说明：无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构）6、Li Lei and Wang Fei's bedroom, an hour and a half's talk（说明：表示两个名词共有一样东西时，在第二个名词后面加's）7、Jim's and Peter's desks; Joe's and David's books（说明：表示两个名词各有的东西时，在各个名词后都加's。
）2）名词词语辨析区别部分名词词语辨析：I.voice, noise, sound, musicII.home, house, family, countryIII.place , floor, room , groundIV.work, job3、易错点1）Help yourself to _________.A. some chickensB. a chickenC. some chickenD. any chicken答案: C (选择A的同学要注意chicken当鸡肉讲时不可数)2)________ it is today!A. What fine weatherB. What a fine weatherC. How a fine weatherD. How fine a weather育才助教中心内部资料答案: A. (选择B的同学要注意weather不可数.选择C和D的同学要注意weather是名词,要用what 来感叹.)3)Which is the way to the __________?A. shoe factoryB. shoes factoryC. shoe’s factoryD. shoes’ factory答案: A. (选择D的同学注意这里不是指名词所有格,而是名词作形容词的用法.类似的用法如: pencil box; school bag等.)4) This class ________ now. Miss Gao teaches them.A. are studyingB. is studyingC. be studyingD. studying答案: A. (选择B的同学要注意,当这种概念名词当“人”讲的时候要做复数处理. 类似的还有: the police are running after the thief等)第二部分：强化练习一、单项选择1、基础题1.---What would you like to drink, ________ or orange?---Orange, please.A. hamburgerB. chipC. cokeD. icecream2．--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?--- Certainly.A. some bottles of watersB. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of waterD. some bottle of waters3．The ________are going to fly to Beijing.A.GermenB. GermanyC. GermanysD. Germans4．What’s yo ur _______ for being late again?A.ideaB. keyC. excuseD. news5．--- It’s dangerous here. We’d better go out quickly.--- But I think we should let _______ go out first.A. woman and childrenB. women and childC. woman and childD. women and children6．--- You can see Mr. Smith if there is a sign “_______ ”on the door of his shop.--- Thanks.A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESS HOURSC.THIS SIDE UPD.NO SMOKING7．Are they going to have a picnic on _______ ?A. Children’s DayB. Childrens’s DayC. Childrens DayD. Children Day8．are cleaned every day.育才助教中心内部资料A. Our classroom of windowsB. Our classroom windowsC. Our classroom of windowsD. The windows of our classroom9．There is still orange here, but people want to drink it.A. little, littleB. a little, fewC. a little, a fewD. a few, little10．I have never read any books of .A. Luxun'sB. Mark TwainC. Charles DickensD. Bill Gates1、提高题1．Twelve were hurt, but no were lost in that accident.A. person, lifeB. people, livesC. peoples, livesD. persons, life2． One of the family on the bed.A. photos isB. photoes areC. photos areD. photoes is3．There are some foreigners talking in the room. They are two ,three and two .A. Japanese; Englishmen; GermansB. Japanese; Englishman, GermanC. Japaneses; Englishmen, GermansD. Japanese, Englishmen, Germen4．The sign “BUSINESS HOURS” can be seen in a.A. shopB. schoolC. parkD. museum5．m other made them have piano lessons.A. Peter and AnneB. Peter's and Anne'sC. Peter's and AnneD. Peter and Anne's6．-Please help me move the table in.-But there is not enough for it.A. placeB. floorC. roomD. ground7．These _________ have saved many children’s lives.A. woman doctorsB. women doctorC. women doctorsD. woman doctor8．Yesterday Xiao Min bought a new pair of .It is made of .A. glass; glassB. glasses; glassC. glasses; glassesD. glass; glasses9．-How does Mr Smith go to his office?-Every morning he takes a to his office.A.20 minutes walkB.20 minute's walkC.20 minute walkD.20 minutes' walk10． I went to the shop to buy a dictionary.A. bookB. booksC. book'sD. books'11．-Do you think selling vegetables ?-Yes, but my mother likes it very much.A. is a hard workB. are hard workC. is hard workD. is hard job12．You should take more _______. Don’t always sit at the desk busy doing your_______.育才助教中心内部资料A. exercise， exerciseB. exercises， exercisesC. exercises， exerciseD. exercise，exercises13．She was born in Wuhan，but Beijing has become her second_______ .A. homeB. familyC. houseD. country14．_____ day we’re having today!A. What a fineB. How fineC. What fine aD. What fine15．What did the headmaster say about Jim’s ______?A. two-months holidayB. two months’ holidaysC. two-month holidayD. two month’s holiday16．一 Where is David?一Oh, he is reading___ under the tall tree in the garden．A．several papers B．several paper C．a piece of paper D．a paper17．一 The Internet is so convenient that we can get all ________we wanted.—That’s right. It is very helpful in our lives now.A．the information B．an informationC．the informations D．information18．--- What about Mr．Black’s speech?--- Wonderful! There were ____ people there．A. a large number of B．much C.a great deal of D. lots二、综合填空Yesterday my mother went into a shop to buy some fruit and v1.She put her basket and her handbag down on a table and went to buy some apples. She was going to pay them when she found the handbag was gone! The basket was on the table, but the handbag was not. My mother was very surprised.Suddenly there was a lot of n 2 at the door of the shop, and two p 3 came in. They were holding a man and my m 4 bag. One of them asked my mother how m 5 money she had.B：数词专项第一部分：知识点分析一、基数词1）基数词读法：年，月，日，时刻的读法，如 2007 年六月十三日读作：June (the) thirteenth, two thousand and seven（主要体现在口语考试和听力题目中）2）表示一个具体数字时，hundred, thousand, million, billion一律不用复数；在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。
初中英语语法讲解及练习和答案
卷首寄语“没有语法不能很好地表达，而没有词汇则什么也不能表达。
”语言的学习是一个漫长又艰难的过程，而语法与语言能力之间的关系也是紧密关联的。
语法是语言的应用规则，虽然wilkins更加着眼于词汇，但对于母语为非英语语言的学生来讲，在学习英语的过程中系统地学习一些基础语法，是提高学生应用语言能力的一个有效途径。
对于目前国内中高考考生来讲，语法知识也是应试考核的一个重要项目，尤其是对于中考考生，语法项目的考核占有很大的卷面比例。
具体考核题型以单项选择、用所给词适当形式填空，句型转换为主。
兰州市06和07两届中考英语全卷为150分满分，其中均为单选20题（每题1分），所给词适当形式填空15题（每题1分），其中包括5分词汇考核，句型转换10题，（每题2分），这两卷直接语法考核就各占50分，为全卷总分的三分之一。
基于这样的考核模式，对于中考考生来讲，在整合应试能力的过程中，系统地学习语法知识，并进行大量的练习的必要性则是显而易见的了。
这本小册子针对初中学生的认知水平和语言解构能力，较通俗浅显地对大纲要求的语法项目和兰州市的命题模式进行了讲解和阐释，并附加了一部分习题，希望该册子对中考考生能有所助益。
Contents第一部分语法讲解第一讲词类、句子成分、构词法 (3)第二讲名词 (4)第三讲代词 (6)第四讲数词 (9)第五讲冠词 (10)第六讲形容词和副词 (12)第七讲介词 (19)第八讲动词（一）动词概述 (21)第九讲动词（二）动词时态和语态 (25)第十讲动词（三）非谓语动词及动词辨析 (29)第十一讲连词 (35)第十二讲简单句 (36)第十三讲句子成分 (39)第十四讲简单句句式 (42)第十五讲并列句和主从复合句 (43)第二部分巩固与提高测评测评一名词 (47)测评二代词 (48)测评三数词 (51)测评四冠词 (52)测评五形容词和副词 (54)测评六介词 (58)测评七动词 (60)测评八连词 (69)测评九句子 (70)测评十交际用语 (75)第三部分语法网络图第一讲：词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
初中英语语法专题资料（含讲义与练习题）
初中英语语法专题资料（含讲义与练习题）第一讲名词和冠词一名词：世界上由万事万物构成的，这些事物各有名称，表示这些名称的名词叫作名词。
名词的分类：专有名词和普通名词专有名词：表示具体的人名，事物，地名，机构和节日等名称的词称为专有名词。
（专有名词开头第一个字母必须大写）①表示人： Yang Liwei 杨利伟 Alice 爱丽丝②表示事物： the Changjiang River 长江 December 十二月③表示地名： Macao 澳门 New York 纽约④表示节日: Christmas Day 圣诞节Children’s Day 儿童节⑤表示机构： WTO 世界贸易组织 the University of London 伦敦大学普通名词：指一类人，事物，物质或抽象概念的名称。
（一）名词的单复数形式：可数名词的单复数形式⑴名词复数的特殊形式man—men, woman—women, policeman—policemen, Englishman—Englishmen,foot—feet, tooth—teeth, child—children, German—Germans⑵有些名词的单复数形式同形Chinese, Japanese, deer, sheep, fish⑶合成名词，只将其主题词变为复数形式girl student—girl students pencil-box—pencil-boxes⑷由man和woman构成的合成词，全部变成复数man doctor—men doctors woman teacher ---womenteachers⑸只有复数的名词trousers, glasses, thanks, clothes, goods, compasses, stairs, people, scissors, chopsticks⑹不可数名词的数量表达a piece of bread/meat; five drops of water; six bags of rice; seven pairs of shoes;eight basketball of apples; nine piece of news课堂练习：A组：选择最佳答案1. Mrs. Lenny gave us ______________ on how to learn English well.A) some advices B) many advices C) some advice D) an advice2. If these trousers are too big, buy a small _______________A) set B) one C) pair D) copy3. A group of __________ are talking about two ______________A) Frenchmans; Germen B) Germans; FrenchmansC) Frenchmen; Germans D) German; Frenchmen4. ---What would you like to drink, girls? ---______________, please.A) two cup of coffee B) two cups of coffeeC) two cups of coffees D) two cup of coffees5. My mother and my sister are both _____________________A) woman teachers B)women teacher C) woman teacher D) women teachers6. We needn’t buy any __________. There are many in the fridge.A) fruit B) milk C) meat D) eggs7. How many ___________ can you see?A) milks B) a glass of milk C) glasses of milks D) glasses ofmilk8. I think maths ______________ very useful.A) is B) are C) am D) be9. The little baby has two __________ already.A) tooth B) tooths C) teeth D) teeths10. I’m thirsty, please make _________ for me.A) a tea B) a cup of tea C) teas D) a cup of teasB组：用所给词的正确形式填空1. I have two _________________(knife).2. They come from different _________________(country).3. The _________(meet) begins at 2:00 in the afternoon.4. We have quite lots of nice ___________(photo). Let me show you some of them.5. How many ___________(foot) does a cat have?6. There are many ___________(bus) on the road.7. Look at the picture, a lion is running after a group of _____________(deer).8. Here is a birthday card for you with our best _____(wish).9. Changjiang River is one of the longest ______________(river) in China.10. The students in Class 1 are all __________________(Japan).C 组：判断对错1. A: My glasses is broken. ( ) B: My glasses are broken. ( )2. A: I want to buy two pairs of shoes. ( )B: I want to buy two shoes. ( )3. A: I need a few ink. ( ). B: I need a little ink. ( )4. A: Don’t eat too much meat. ( ) B: Don’t eat too much meats. ( )5. A: May I borrow two radioes? ( ) B: May I borrow two radios? ( )(二) 名词所有格：表示名词所属关系的一种形式1. 单数名词的所有格，只需在词尾加’s Jim’s sister Lucy’s pen2. 以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，只加’ the students’ book Teachers’ Day3. 不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，应加’s Children’s Day Women’s Day4. 表示几个人共有的东西，只需要在最后一个人的名词后面加’s, Lucy and Lily’s bedroom5. 表示各自所有的，则每个名词都加’s Lucy’s and Lily’s desks6. 名词所有格常用省略式，省去被名词所有格修饰的名词at the doctor’s7. “of+ 名词所有格”，通常作后置定语，这种结构通常指整体中的部分或一个a friend of my father’s the window of the roomA组：选择最佳答案1. Tony’s car is more beauti ful than _______________________.A) his brother’s and sister B) his brother and sisterC) his brothers and sisters D) his brother and sister’s2. ---How long does it take to get to the station? ---It’s ____________ walk.A) six minute’s B) six-minutes C) six minutes’ D) six minutes3. These are _____________ bikes.A) Jin and Sam’s B) Jim’s and Sam C) Jim and Sam D) Jim’s and Sam’s4. Twelve __________ were hurt, but no __________ were lost in the accident.A) person; life B) people; lives C) peoples; lives D) persons;life5. There’s something important in _________________.A) paper of today B) today newspaper’s C) today newspaperD) today’s newspaper6. Miss Smith is a friend of _______________A) Mary’s mother’s B) Mary’s mother C) Mary mother’sD) moth er’s of Mary7. Joan is _____________ sister.A) Mary and Jack B) Mary’s and Jack’s C) Mary’s and JackD) Mary and Jack’s8. I will give you __________ to finish it.A) two week’s time B) two week time C) two weeks’ timeD) two weeks time9. This is not your radio, but __________________A) yours brother B) your brother’s C) you brother’s D) yours brother’s10. My school is about twenty __________ walk from here?A)minute B) minutes’ C) minute’s D) minutes二冠词：英语中名词前常会出现a,an或the这三个词，用来说明名词所表示的人或事物，冠词是虚词，是名词的一种标志，它不能脱离名词独立存在，不能单独作句子成分。
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初中英语语法知识点精讲+习题+练习（精华版）（注：共四部分）第一部分1) leave的用法1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。
例如：When did you leave Shanghai?你什么时候离开上海的？2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。
例如：Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例如：Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?你为什么要离开上海去北京？2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如：How should I know? 我怎么知道？Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点：1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。
此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。
例如：You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。
例如：You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。
3.用于表示可能性。
should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。
例如：We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与Which...?1. what 与which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。
如：What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？该句相当于：What does your father do?What is your father's job?Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。
如：---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。
如：What color do you like best? （所有颜色）你最喜爱什么颜色？Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范围）你最喜爱哪一种颜色？3. what 与which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。
如：Which pictures are from China?哪些图片来自中国？4)频度副词的位置1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：always（总是，一直）usually（通常）often（常常，经常）sometimes（有时候）never（从不）2.频度副词的位置：a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。
如：David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。
如：We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7：10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。
如：Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。
如：Never have I been there.5) every day 与everyday1. every day作状语，译为“每一天”。
如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天7：10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么？6)什么是助动词1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。
被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。
助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语。
（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义）2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：a. 表示时态，例如：He is singing.他在唱歌。
He has got married.他已结婚。
b. 表示语态，例如：He was sent to England.他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句，例如：Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗？Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：I don't like him.我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气，例如：Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that.他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do1.forget to do忘记要去做某事。
(未做)forget doing忘记做过某事。
(已做)The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。
(没有做关灯的动作)He forgot turning the light off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。
( 已做过关灯的动作)Don't forget to come tomorrow.别忘了明天来。
(to come动作未做)典型例题---- The light in the office is still on.---- Oh，I forgot___.A. turning it offB. turn it offC. to turn it offD. having turned it off答案：C。
由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。
此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do 记得去做某事(未做)remember doing记得做过某事(已做)Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?8) It's for sb.和It's of sb.1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。
如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。
如：You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。
He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。
)9) 对两个句子的提问新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。
例如：句子：The boy in blue has three pens.提问：1.Who has three pens?2.Which boy has three pens?3.What does the boy in blue have?4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。
再如：句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.提问：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?10) so、such与不定冠词的使用1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。
如：He is so funny a boy.Jim has so big a house.2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。