英语语法之倒装句

倒装句
1. so + 助动词／be动词／情态动词+ 主语
某人(物)也是这样
neither + 助动词／be动词／情态动词+ 主语
某人(物)也不/没…
Frank is generous. So is George.
I watched that movie yesterday. So did Zac.
Frank isn’t generous. Neither is George.
I didn’t watch that movie yesterday. Neither did Zac.
2. There be … “存在”
主语在be动词后
There is a dog in the yard.
There are five apples on the table.
3. 表示方位或方式的副词或介词短语，如：here, there, up, down, away, back, off, out, on, in front of the building等，位于句首，且主语是名词时。

介词短语+谓语vi+主语
In front of the building stands a tower.
Away went the old lady.
In came the manager.
Here comes the bus.
注意：
主语是代词时，不倒装。

Here you are.
In he came.
4. such置于句首时。

Such is human nature.
Such are the facts.
将下列句子转变为倒装句。

There was a sudden gust of wind and his hat went away.
There was a sudden gust of wind and away went his hat.
The door burst open and the crowd rushed in.
The door burst open and in rushed the crowd.
The nurse’s voice came from a speaker on the wall.
From a speaker on the wall came the nurse’s voice.
5.倒装: No sooner + 助动词+ 主语+ 动词
No sooner had he returned than he bought a house and
went to live there.
No sooner had I opened the door than the phone rang.
6.倒装: Hardly + 助动词+ 主语+ 动词
Hardly had he had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
Hardly had I taken my seat in the theater when the play began.
主谓倒装：全部倒装，部分倒装（谓语动词只有部分移到主语前）
陈述句变一般疑问句，就是部分倒装；
Only句首，部分倒装；否定词提前，部分倒装。

表强调！
Only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened.
You will never know the truth.——Never will you know the truth.
He cares little for my words.——Little doed he cares for my words.
I had no sooner got the invitation than I refused.——No sooner had I got the invitation than I refused.
Hardly had he had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
Hardly had I taken my seat in the theater when the play began.
We can learn English well only in this way.——Only in this way can we learn English well. He achieved his goal only by working hard.——Only by working hard did he achieved his goal.
部分倒装
只把助动词，be 动词(之前没有其他助动词)或情态动词置于主语之前。

1、否定词位于句首（如：not only, not until, neither, nor, never, hardly, barely, scarcely, few, little, rarely, seldom, under no circumstances, in no way, …）。

Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.
Nor is the city without its moments of beauty.
Neither was I surprised when the train stopped at Widley, a tiny station a few miles along the line.
Never have I seen such a good movie.
Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.
Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.
2、“only + 状语” 位于句首。

Only then did he realize that he was mistaken.
Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything.
Only after a baby seal is pushed into the sea by its mother will it learn how to swim.
Only when he saw that the man was actually telephoning the police did he realize that they had all been the victims of a hoax.
3、such, so, well, often, many a time 等表示程度、频率的副词位于句首。

Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.
So great is our passion for doing things for ourselves, that we are becoming increasingly less dependent on specialized labour.
Well did I know him and well did he know me.
often did it snow there.
Many a time has he given me good advice.
造句：你不但吓了我一跳，而且可能把村子里所有人都吵醒了。

Not only did you give me a surprise, but you've probably woken up everyone in the village as well.
造句：不但有几个人抱怨说在夜里听见了“像猫一样的噪音”，而且一位钓鱼途中的商人还看见那只美洲狮在树上。

Not only did several people complain of ‘cat-like noises’ at night, but a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree as well.。