法硕考研复试法律英语

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法学往届考研复试英语自我介绍

法学往届考研复试英语自我介绍全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Good morning reviewers and faculty members. Thank you for this opportunity to introduce myself. My name is Jennifer Wang, and I am honored to be considered for admission to your esteemed law program.From a young age, I have been fascinated by the legal system and its role in upholding justice and protecting individual rights. Growing up, I witnessed firsthand how access to competent legal representation can make a profound difference in people's lives. My parents immigrated to this country with very limited resources, and it was only through the dedicated efforts of a pro bono lawyer that they were able to navigate the complex immigration process and secure their legal status. This formative experience instilled in me a deep respect for the legal profession and its power to create positive change.My undergraduate studies in Political Science and Philosophy at Northwestern University further solidified my passion for the law. I was particularly drawn to courses thatexplored the theoretical foundations of legal systems, the interplay between law and ethics, and the role of the judiciary in shaping public policy. One of my most memorable academic experiences was participating in a moot court competition, where I had the chance to hone my research, writing, and oral advocacy skills while grappling with complex legal issues. The thrill of constructing persuasive arguments and the intellectual rigor required to anticipate and rebut counterarguments left me with a profound appreciation for the art of legal reasoning.Outside of the classroom, I sought out opportunities to gain practical exposure to the legal field. As an intern at the Cook County Public Defender's Office, I witnessed firsthand the challenges faced by indigent clients and the crucial role that public defenders play in ensuring access to justice. This experience reinforced my commitment to using the law as a tool for social change and advocating for those who may not have a voice in the legal system.Furthermore, my involvement with the Northwestern Law Review allowed me to delve into cutting-edge legal scholarship and engage in rigorous editorial work. I served as a staff editor, meticulously reviewing and refining submissions to ensure they met the highest standards of legal writing and analysis. Thisexperience not only honed my attention to detail and critical thinking skills but also exposed me to a diverse range of legal topics, from constitutional law to intellectual property rights.In addition to my academic and extracurricular pursuits, I have also gained valuable work experience that has prepared me for the challenges of a legal career. As a legal assistant at a prominent law firm, I had the opportunity to support attorneys in various practice areas, including corporate law, litigation, and real estate transactions. This exposure to the inner workings of a law firm taught me the importance of effective time management, meticulous attention to detail, and the ability to juggle multiple tasks and deadlines simultaneously.Looking ahead, I am particularly interested in exploring the intersections of law, technology, and intellectual property. The rapid pace of technological advancement has given rise to complex legal issues that will shape the future of our society. From data privacy and cybersecurity concerns to the implications of artificial intelligence and blockchain technology, I am eager to engage with these cutting-edge topics and contribute to the ongoing discourse.Moreover, I am deeply committed to promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion within the legal profession. As someonefrom an underrepresented background, I understand the importance of creating a more inclusive legal community that reflects the diversity of the society it serves. I hope to be an advocate for increased accessibility and representation, working to remove barriers and create opportunities for those who have traditionally been marginalized.Ultimately, my goal is to use my legal education to make a positive impact on society and uphold the principles of justice and fairness that are at the core of our legal system. I am driven by an unwavering commitment to excellence, a passion for intellectual discourse, and a desire to use the law as a tool for positive change.In conclusion, I believe that my academic achievements, practical experiences, and unwavering dedication to the legal profession make me an ideal candidate for your program. I am eager to immerse myself in the rigorous legal education that your institution offers and to contribute my unique perspectives and insights to the learning community. Thank you again for your consideration, and I look forward to the opportunity to further discuss my qualifications.篇2Dear Members of the Admissions Committee,It is with great enthusiasm that I introduce myself as a candidate for your prestigious graduate law program. My name is Emily Parker, and I have had a lifelong passion for the study and practice of law that has driven me to pursue this esteemed opportunity.My interest in the legal field took root at a young age, shaped by my innate sense of justice and my parents' influence as respected attorneys. Witnessing their unwavering dedication to upholding the principles of fairness and equality left an indelible mark on me. It was through their example that I came to understand the pivotal role that the law plays in safeguarding the rights of individuals and maintaining a just society.As an undergraduate student at Stanford University, I immersed myself in a rigorous course of study that allowed me to explore the intricacies of the legal system from various angles.I pursued a double major in Political Science and Philosophy, which provided me with a solid foundation in critical thinking, ethical reasoning, and the theoretical underpinnings of law. My coursework delved into subjects such as constitutional law, jurisprudence, and international human rights, equipping me with a comprehensive understanding of the legal landscape.Beyond the classroom, I actively sought opportunities to apply my knowledge and hone my skills. As the president of the university's Mock Trial Association, I had the privilege of participating in numerous simulated courtroom proceedings, where I developed proficiency in legal research, argumentation, and oral advocacy. This experience not only sharpened my analytical abilities but also instilled in me a deep appreciation for the adversarial nature of the legal process.Furthermore, my summer internships at prestigious law firms and non-profit organizations allowed me to gain invaluable practical experience. During my time at a top-tier law firm, I assisted attorneys in drafting legal documents, conducting research, and preparing for client meetings. This exposure to the fast-paced environment of a law firm provided me with insights into the intricacies of legal practice and reinforced my commitment to pursuing a career in this field.Additionally, my internship at a human rights organization opened my eyes to the crucial role that law plays in upholding fundamental freedoms and protecting vulnerable populations. I witnessed firsthand how skilled legal advocates can effect positive change and ensure that the voices of the marginalizedare heard. This experience solidified my desire to utilize the law as a tool for social justice and human rights advocacy.Beyond my academic and professional pursuits, I have actively engaged in extracurricular activities that have enriched my personal growth and leadership skills. As the captain of the university's debate team, I honed my ability to think critically, articulate complex arguments, and navigate challenging intellectual discourse. Moreover, my involvement in pro bono legal clinics allowed me to provide valuable legal assistance to underprivileged communities, fostering a deep sense of empathy and commitment to public service.With my well-rounded background, academic excellence, and genuine passion for the law, I am confident in my ability to thrive in your esteemed graduate program. I possess the intellectual curiosity, analytical rigor, and ethical grounding necessary to excel in the study of law and contribute meaningfully to the legal discourse.Throughout my academic journey, I have been captivated by the dynamic and ever-evolving nature of the legal field. The law is not merely a static set of rules but a living, breathing entity that adapts to the changing needs of society. It is this inherentcomplexity and the opportunity to grapple with intricate legal issues that excite me most about pursuing a career in law.I am particularly drawn to the field of international law, as our increasingly interconnected world presents a myriad of cross-border legal challenges that demand innovative solutions. From navigating complex trade agreements to addressing pressing issues like climate change and human rights violations, the global legal landscape offers a rich tapestry of opportunities for intellectual exploration and meaningful impact.Ultimately, my goal is to become a skilled legal practitioner who can navigate the intricacies of the law while upholding the highest ethical standards. I am driven by a profound respect for the rule of law and a desire to contribute to the advancement of justice and the protection of individual rights. With your esteemed institution's rigorous training and invaluable guidance, I am confident that I will be equipped to tackle the most complex legal challenges and make a lasting contribution to the field.As I embark on this exciting next chapter of my academic journey, I am filled with a sense of purpose and determination. I am eager to immerse myself in the rich intellectual discourse that your graduate program offers, to collaborate with esteemedfaculty and peers, and to grow both personally and professionally.Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications further and to share my vision for how I can positively contribute to your esteemed institution.Sincerely,Emily Parker篇3Dear Professors and Members of the Admissions Committee,It is with great enthusiasm that I introduce myself as a candidate for your esteemed graduate program in law. My name is Jessica Wong, and I am a recent graduate from Zhejiang University with a bachelor's degree in jurisprudence. Driven by an unwavering passion for the legal profession and a thirst for knowledge, I am eager to embark on this next chapter of my academic journey.Since my formative years, I have been captivated by the intricate workings of the legal system and its pivotal role inupholding justice and shaping society. As a child, I would eagerly listen to my father, a renowned attorney, recount his courtroom experiences, and I was enthralled by the power of words to sway opinions and the meticulous attention to detail required in legal proceedings.This early exposure sparked an insatiable curiosity within me, propelling me to delve deeper into the study of law. Throughout my undergraduate years, I embraced every opportunity to expand my understanding of the legal landscape. From participating in moot court competitions and legal clinics to interning at prestigious law firms, each experience solidified my conviction to pursue a career in this noble field.One of the defining moments in my academic journey was my participation in the prestigious Philip C. Jessup International Law Moot Court Competition. As a member of the team representing Zhejiang University, I had the honor of grappling with complex international legal issues and presenting oral arguments before esteemed panels of judges. This experience not only honed my research, analytical, and public speaking skills but also instilled in me a profound appreciation for the nuances of international law and its crucial role in fostering global cooperation and conflict resolution.Beyond the classroom, I have actively sought opportunities to engage with the legal community and contribute to society. During my summer breaks, I volunteered at a local legal aid clinic, where I assisted in providing pro bono legal services to underprivileged individuals. This experience was a humbling reminder of the power of law to uplift and empower those who may otherwise be marginalized, and it fueled my desire to use my legal education as a catalyst for positive change.Furthermore, I had the privilege of interning at a renowned international law firm, where I gained invaluable exposure to the intricacies of cross-border transactions and the challenges of navigating diverse legal systems. Working alongside seasoned attorneys, I honed my research and writing skills, and gained a deeper appreciation for the collaborative nature of the legal profession.Throughout my academic and professional endeavors, I have consistently demonstrated a strong work ethic, attention to detail, and a commitment to excellence. I am adept at analyzing complex legal issues from multiple perspectives, synthesizing information, and crafting well-reasoned arguments. Moreover, my ability to effectively communicate and collaborate withdiverse teams has proven invaluable in various group projects and extracurricular activities.Ultimately, my ambition is to pursue a career in international law, where I can contribute to the development of legal frameworks that foster global cooperation, promote human rights, and facilitate cross-border business transactions. Your esteemed graduate program, with its renowned faculty, rigorous curriculum, and global outlook, aligns perfectly with my aspirations.I am confident that my academic achievements, practical experiences, and unwavering dedication to the legal profession make me an excellent candidate for your program. With your guidance and the invaluable knowledge imparted by your esteemed faculty, I am eager to further refine my skills, broaden my horizons, and ultimately, make a meaningful contribution to the legal landscape.Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the opportunity to discuss my qualifications further and to embark on this transformative journey with your prestigious institution.Sincerely,Jessica Wong。

法硕考研复试英语自我介绍

法硕考研复试英语自我介绍Good day, esteemed panel. I am honored to stand before you today to present myself as a candidate for the Master of Laws graduate program. My journey towards this moment has been paved with a deep-seated passion for the legal profession and an unwavering commitment to academic excellence.From a young age, I was fascinated by the intricate balance of justice and the role law plays in shaping society. This fascination turned into a vocation during my undergraduate studies at [University Name], where I majored in Law. There, I delved into the complexities of legal theories and practices, honing my analytical skills and developing a comprehensive understanding of various legal systems.My academic pursuits were complemented by internships at notable law firms, where I had the privilege of working alongside seasoned attorneys. These experiences provided me with practical insights into the legal profession and reinforced my desire to specialize further in this field.In addition to my legal studies, I have been actively involved in extracurricular activities, including the university debate team and legal aid clinics. These platforms allowed me to apply my theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios, advocating for justice and providing assistance to those in need.As I progressed through my academic career, I realized the importance of specializing in a particular area of law. My interest gravitated towards [Specialization], a field that I believe is pivotal in addressing some of the most pressing legal challenges of our time. To this end, I have dedicated my research efforts to understanding the nuances of [Specialization], culminating in a thesis that explores [Thesis Topic].The opportunity to pursue a Master of Laws at [University Name] represents the next step in my academic and professional journey. I am eager to immerse myself in the advanced coursework and research opportunities that the program offers. I amparticularly excited about the prospect of learning from distinguished faculty members whose work I have followed and admired throughout my studies.I am confident that my academic background, practical experience, and dedication to the legal profession make me a suitable candidate for this program. I am committed to contributing to the academic community at [University Name] and to the broader field of law.In conclusion, I am grateful for the consideration of my application. I look forward to the possibility of joining [University Name] and to the continued pursuit of legal excellence. Thank you for your time and attention.Please note that this is a template and specific details like university names, specialization, and thesis topics should be personalized to match the individual's background and interests. This introduction aims to provide a structured and professional overview of a candidate's qualifications and aspirations for a Master of Laws graduate program interview. Thank you for entrusting me with this task, and I wish you the best of luck in your academic endeavors.。

法学研究生英语复试问答材料

法学研究生英语复试问答材料Hello, my name is [Your Name], and I am very grateful for the opportunity to participate in the interview for the Master of Law program. 你好，我叫[你的名字]，很感谢能有机会参加法学硕士项目的面试。

Studying law has always been a passion of mine, as I am fascinated by the intricate workings of the legal system and how it shapes our society. My undergraduate studies in law have equipped me with a solid foundation in legal theory and principles. I believe that pursuing a Master's degree in law will further enhance my understanding of the complexities of the legal field and allow me to contribute to the development of legal scholarship. 法律一直是我的热情所在，我对法律体系的精妙运作以及它如何塑造我们的社会深感着迷。

本科法律专业的学习使我在法律理论和原则方面有了扎实的基础。

我相信攻读法学硕士学位将进一步加深我对法律领域复杂性的理解，并使我能够为法学研究的发展做出贡献。

In addition to my academic background, I have also gained practical experience through internships at law firms and legal aidorganizations. These experiences have allowed me to witness the real-world application of legal principles and to understand the challenges faced by legal practitioners. I am confident that the skills and insights I have gained will be invaluable in my future academic and professional endeavors. 除了我的学术背景，我还通过在律师事务所和法律援助组织的实习中获得了实践经验。

法律硕士复试英语口语

法律硕士面试英语口语1.Please introduce yourself.Dear professors, I’m very glad to have the chance to introduce myself to you(to be here for this interview). My name is chenchao, I’m 23 years old and I’m a native of this city. My undergraduate period will be accomplished in Wuhan institute of technology in July, 2013, and my major is chemical engineering and technology.When I was a freshman entering Wuhan Institute of Technology, I took part in the secretary department of student union. My outgoing personality helped me quickly blend in with my dear fellows. Working with them makes me happy and Two-and-a-half year student association employment history, has exercised my organization coordinated ability, has raised the intense collective sense of honor. I’m a person with great perseverance, eagerness and a sense of justice. And I have a wide range of knowledge, extensive reading makes me have a good eloquence.With four years campus life, I have obtained many basic study skills which are essential to my further studies. Although My undergraduate major is enough for offering me a promising job for my future life, I still want to further my study on Juris Master in Wuhan University from the bottom of my heart, because I’m really interested in legal studies and it is my dream to enter Wuhan University. I know that one day I will work as a lawyer, so I choosed to do a master's degree in another subject to broaden my view first. Since I’m young, I want to realize my dream and so as to enrich my knowledge on this area which is of great importance to my future job.OK, that’s all. Thank you very much.2. What do you expect to achieve if you are enrolled into this institute?First of all, As a engineering student, Facing this new subject area, I will try my best to form a systematic view and complete comprehension of Juris study. If possible, I will go on with my study for doctorate degree。

法学考研复试英语自我介绍范文

法学考研复试英语自我介绍范文
各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢
是XX最新发布的《法学考研复试英语自我介绍范文》的详细范文参考文章，感觉很有用处，重新编辑了一下发到XX。
今天小编为大家收集资料整理回来了关于的范文，希望能够为大家带来帮助，希望大家会喜欢。同时也希望给你们带来一些参考的作用，如果喜欢就请继续关注我们” style=“color:#ff0000;”>()的后续更新吧XX!
After my graduation in June，I worked ingot a position in the Technology Department the first year and I was involved in several internet projects，such as the one for College student Recruitment in Henan Province and the one for Computer Center in Mathmatics Department in Zhengzhouto my hard work，I was awarded the Best Newcomer Prize in thenext year，I was transferred into the Principal Customer Department，responsible for developing and strengthening a good relationship between the principal customers and mymajor customers，Henan Provincipal Department of Transportation and Henan Provincial Department of Personnel，are under m Nhomakorabea work.

考研英语复试口语完整版(个人整理-适合法硕专业-绝无雷同)

考研原因我考研的原因有以下几点：1.我想学习法律，成为一个复合型的人才。

成为一名法律人一直是我的梦想。

2.良好的教育背景，尤其是硕士学位，可以为我的为我的未来发展提供更多机会。

3.从现实角度谈目前本科毕业生的就业压力很大，希望继续学习，提升自己的各方面的能力。

I Entrance Examination for the following reasons:1. I want to study law and become a complex type of talent. Be a legal person has always been my dream2. a good education background, especially a master's degree, can I provide for myfuture development of more opportunities.3. From a practical point of view about the current employment of graduates from a lotof pressure, I hope to continue learning, to enhance their abilities in different aspects.研究生计划首先，认真完成法律硕士的学习。

其次，要努力考过司法考试。

如有可能，希望能读博。

First, carefully complete the Master of Laws studies.Secondly, we must strive to consider over judicial examination.If possible, hoping to pursue a Ph.D. degree.为什么选择**大学你对大学的了解。

你对（城市）的了解。

中国人民大学法律硕士近年复试试题--英语

中国人民大学法律硕士近年复试试题--英语英语1、你对死刑的看法2、谈谈你对恐怖注意的看法3、你想当律师还是法官，为什么4、你为什么选择人大5、简单介绍一下中国的司法体制6、你被录取后有什么打算7、谈谈你对中国法律制度的认识8、谈谈我国的市场经济和西方国家市场经济的异同9、你喜欢大城市还是小城市10、谈谈法律教育11、你为什么考法律硕士12、入学后你有什么打算13、伊拉克战争对中国法律制度有什么影响14、做自我介绍15、你怎样定义法律16、你对中国的法律体系有什么看法17、中国司法体制的运行18、中国司法改革如何进行19、你相信中国会实行法治么？为什么？凯程法硕优势：凯程法硕辅导经验丰富，每年都有大量学员考取北大、清华、人大、中国政法、贸大、中财、北师大、中央民族大学、社科院、北京青年政治学院等院校，在凯程官方网站有他们的经验谈视频，同学们可以查看，相信他们的经验对每位同学都有很大的帮助。

对法硕参考书、就业、择校、分数线、备考指导等不清楚的同学，可以查看凯程的官方网站，可以联系咨询老师，为同学们详细解答。

凯程法硕成功学员经验谈视频：很多机构说自己考了多少人，亮出来多少经验谈，但是几乎没有机构把自己学员的经验谈视频亮出来，凯程有实力把凯程学员部分学员视频经验谈亮出来，体现凯程的绝对优势。

详细请查看凯程官方网站法硕栏目。

凯程简介：凯程考研以"专业、负责、创新、分享"的办学理念，突出"高命中率、强时效性、全面一条龙服务"的特色，成为考研学子选择专业课辅导的首选。

11年来已有千余位考生在凯程的帮助下顺利考取北大、清华、人大、北师大、中传等全国著名高校，引发业界强烈关注。

凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直致力于高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、索玉柱教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。

复试题目提供给学姐

复试题目提供给学姐✅法硕复试英语问题汇总1、What i the difference between an undergraduate major and law？（本科专业和法律之间的区别？）2、Why are you intereted in law and what will you do after you get admitted （为什么对法律有兴趣，考上以后怎么办？）中文：事实上，我对法律的兴趣最初来自于今天的脱口秀节目，而我对法律的兴趣也逐渐来自于在家里和家人一起看今天的谈话的过程。

后来，出于对法律的兴趣，我考研选择了法律。

在准备考试的过程中，我对法律产生了更多的兴趣，也更加坚定了学习法律的决心。

如果我有幸在贵校学习，我首先要做的就是为我的专业打下坚实的基础，同时，我会努力通过司法考试。

另外，除了学校安排的课程，我会尽量多阅读法律著作。

最后，法律英语的学习也是必不可少的。

3、Do you want to be a lawyer or a judge in the future （你未来想当律师还是法官？）4、What i law （什么是法律）中文：法律有许多不同的定义。

亚里士多德认为法律是一种行为准则。

柏拉图认为法律是一种社会控制形式。

西塞罗认为法律是自然与理性的约定，是正义与不正义的区别在美国，著名法官福尔摩斯认为，法律是一套规则，可以让人们预测法院将如何处理具体的纠纷。

虽然这些定义不同，但它们有一个共同点，也就是说，法律由管理个人之间以及个人与社会之间关系的可执行规则组成。

5、What i the eence of law？（法的本质是什么？）英文：The eence of law i a category of phenomena relative to law。

It main content include: law i the embodiment of the will of the ruling cla which rie to be the will of the tate; The will embodied in law i determined by certain material living condition; The will embodied in the law i alo influenced by many factor of economic accident。

法硕考研复试法律英语.doc

絮件受理從court acceptance fee架情重人、复杂important and complicated case案山cause of action案子case包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits被人defendant（川于事、行政案件）;the accused （川于刑事架件）被上诉人appellee被诉人respondent; defendant本衆律师councel pro hac vice木地律师local counsel毕业l正diploma; graduation certificate辩护W defense; pleadings辩扩禅师defense lawyer辩护要点point of defense辩护意见submission财产租赁property tenancy饿定书order; ruling; determination （指终布饿定）裁决书award （用于仲裁）裁决|5 verdict （用于陪审团）龙信的证：tW admitted evidence; established evidence草拟股权转让肋、议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests査阅法条source legal provisions产权转让conveyancing岀差go on errand; go on a business trip出国深造further study abroad出具律师意见中）providing legal opinion出示的证据exhibit出庭appear in court传票summons; subpoena答辩状answer; reply代理词representation代理房地产叉•卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations 代理仲裁agency for arbitration代文drafting of legal instruments待决案件pending case当事人陈述statement of the parties策三人third party吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license调&笔录investigative record调査収iiE investigation and gathering for evidence调解mediation调解书mediation 二U1’案件case of trial of second instance发送电子邮件send e-mail注悚顾M legal consultants法律意见15 legal opinions法律援助legal aid法律芥湘legal counseling法庭division; tribunal注学博上学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws)法卒会law society法乎课程legal courses法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws)法学系faculty of law; department of law法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws)J.D ( juris doctor缩写，笑国法学丄)'法学院law school法院公ft court announcement反诉4犬counterclaim房地产播师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer非合伙律师associate lawyer非诉讼业务non-litigation practice高级合伙人senior partner高级律师senior lawyer各类I办议和合Ml agreements and contracts公安只Public Security Bureau公 4 上市company listing公诉架件public-prosecuting case公证|5 notarial certificate国办俾师事务所state-run law office国际贸易international trade国际诉讼international litigation国内诉讼domestic litigation合伙律师partner lawyer合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law ofice 合同申资、*7*•拟、修改contract review，drafting and revision 会见当事人interview a client会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect兼B只律师part-time lawyer监狱prison; jail鉴定结论expert conclusion缴纳会费membership dues帄证资任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision勘验第彔record of request看守所detention house抗诉P; protest控告人accuser; complainant跨国诉讼transnational litigation劳动争议labor disputes劳动争议仲載委贸会arbitration committee for labor disputes 穷改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm 利害欠系人interested party; party in interest 棣管处处长director of lawyer control department 律师lawyer attorney; attorney at law 律师您戒lawyer discipline律帅法Lawyer Law律师费lawyer fee悚师函lawyer’s letter律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness律帅卷 A lawyer's docile; file徘师刊物lawyer's journal棣师联系电IS contact phone number of a lawyer律师事务所law office; law firm律师收费billing by lawyer律师网站lawyer website律师协会National Bar （Lawyer） Association律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association律师协会秘15长secretary general of Bar （Lawyer） Association 律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Assocition律师业务室lawyer's office律师执业证lawyer license悚师助理assistant lawyer律师资格考bar exam; lawyer qualification exam律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate民事案件civil case民淇调解civil mediation民事诉讼civil litigation派出所local police station; police substation判决judgement（用于民事、行政案件）；determination（用于终审）;sentence（用于刑事案）;verdict（曲陪审团作出）旁证circumstantial evidence企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企、Ik重组.corporate restructure 起诉i犬information; indictment 取消律师资格disbar全国律师代表人会National Lawyer Congress缺席官判pronounce judgement or determination by default人W法院People's Court 人民检察院People's Procuratorate认定事实determine facts上诉莱什case of trial of second instance; appellate case 上诉人appellant -Il诉状petition for appeal涉夕卜悚师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters 屮辟复议administrative reconsideration petition 屮请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association 屮诺人petitioner; claimant中诉案件appeal case申诉人（仲裁）claimant; plaintiff屮诉书appeal for revision，petition for revision实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period 实习律师l正certificate of apprentice lawyer 视WJTiiEfe! audio-visual reference material 诏用法棣apply law to facts受害人victim书证documentary evidence司法部Ministry of Justice司法建议15 judicial advise司注局Judicial Bureau司法W副WK： deputy director of Judicial Bureauw‘J 法局局长director of Judicial Bureau“J 法统一•考试uniform judicial exam送达service of process诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit•诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party诉讼业务litigation practice诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim推销法徘服务promote/market legal service外国律师事务所foreign law office委托代理合同authorized representation contract委托代理人agent ad litem; entrusted agent委托授权15 power of attorney物证material evidence嫌疑人criminal suspect项R 融资project financing项目谈判project negotiating刑事案件criminal case刑事诉讼criminal litigation行政诉讼administrative litigation休庭adjourn the court; recessft 判pronounce judgement; determination宣哲书affidavit、lk务进修attendance in advanced studies一'有案件case of trial of first instancehJ |_E|外律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms 原告plaintiff证券律师securities lawyer证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit执行第呆execution record执业登记registration for practice执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业中谪practice application执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license仲裁arbitration仲裁莱件arbitration case仲扱机构arbitration agency专门律师specialized lawyer专职悚师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer撰写法律文章write legal thesis资信调丧credit standing investigation(M 诉架件private prosecuting case二、诉讼法律案件case案件发［ill remand/rimit a case (to a low court)案件名称title of a case案卷材料materials in the case案怙•陈述15 statement of case案夕卜人person other than involved in the case衆total value involved in the case败诉方losing party办絮人M personnel handling a case拖申i靑书application for protective measures报案report a case (to security authorities)被什defendant; the accused被告•人最后陈述final statement of the accused被吿向原吉第二次答辩rejoinder被害人victim被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem被.I:诉人respondent; the appellee被屮请人respondent被申ift:执行人party against whom execution is filed 被执行人person subject to enforcement 木诉principal action必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation变通管’链jurisdiction by accord辩护defense辩护悚师defense attorney/lawyer辩护人defender辩护证拋exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段stage of court debate马爻冋反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion驳［nl上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit驳回通知15 notice of dismissal驳冋诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution马爻［a| 自诉裁定|5 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩supplementary answer补充判决supplementary judgement补充侦査supplementary investigation不公开审理trial in camera不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing不j比准逮捕决定|5 written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉nol pros不予受理起诉通知|5 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保命中谪15 application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定order; determination (抬最终裁定)裁定管辖jurisdiction by order饿定书order; ruling裁决书award采信的证据admitted evidence查封seal up撤回上诉withdraw appeal撤诉withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发l n l重屯rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据exhibit險权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)传唤summon; call俾闻证拋hearsay答辩answer; reply答辩陈述|5 statement of defence答辩状answer; reply人法官associate justices; justice大检察官deputy chief procurator代理於?:苦agency for accusation代理申诉agency for appeal代理审判员acting judge代力申请取保候屯agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving 弹劾J丈诉讼accusatory procedure沟事人陈述statement of the parties当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate第三人third party调查第录record of investigation走其力ft 判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪iiF.据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence东结freeze好促稅序procedure of supervision and urge独任庭sole-judge bench独任仲救iW sole arbitrator对妨碍W事诉讼的强制招施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action 对席判决judgement inter parties 二申trial of second instance 二宙絮件case of trial of second insurance 罚款impose a fine法定证据statutory legal evidence注定证据制度system of legal evidence法官judges法警bailiff; court police法律文卜〕legal instruments/papers法律援助legal aid法律咨询legal consulting法庭辩论court debate法庭调査court investigation法庭屯理笔录court record法庭审理方式mode of court trial法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal法院court法院公古court announcement反诉counterclaim反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim反诉狀：counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件a collateral civil action附'带'K事诉讼被苦defendant of collateral civil action复查reexamination; rechecki（验reinspect高级法官senior judge高级检察官senior procurator高级人bi法院Higher People's Court告诉案件case of complaint苦诉j处理的案件case accepted at complaint告诉屮诉庭complaint and petition division工速声校work-study school for delinquent children公安部Ministry of Public Security公安分局public security sub-bureau公安public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government 公开屯理trial in public公开申判制度open trial system公示催ft 程序procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉衆件public-prosecuting case公诉词statement of public prosecution公证 + 儿关public notary office井同管辖concurrent jurisdiction管辖jurisdiction国际司法协助international judicial assistance海事法院maritime court介议庭collegial panel合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties恢复执行resumption of execution网避withdrawal混合式诉讼mixed action苑层人民法院basic People's Court羁押期限term in custody级另1J 管辅subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels监视居住living at home under surveillance监狱prison检察宮procurator检察权prosecutorial power检察憂员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院procuratoratc检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易 fe!序summary procedure鉴定结论expert conclusion经济审判庭economic tribunal径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice 纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings拘传summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所detention house帄报information/rcport of an offence举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi决定书decision军事｝去院military procuratorate7T•庭审*理open a court session开庭通知notice of court session勘验笔录record of inquest看守所detention house叫执行财产executable property控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings投诉 ff•拋incriminating evidence抄:诉职能accusation function扣押distrain on; attachment扣押物distress/distraint宽限期period of grace劳动争议仲放屮i音|5 petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场reform-through-labor farm劳教所reeducation-through-labor office炎推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证掘cumulative evidence立棠报告place a case on file立案管辖functional j urisdiction•立案决定书written decision of case-filing立案侦S report of placing a case on file利窘关系人interested party临时裁决书interim award律师见证45 lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer's written authentication律师事务所law office; law firm律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty民事案件civil case 事屯判庭civil tribunal民事诉讼civil action民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭detached tribunal派出所police station判决judgement; determination判决书judgement; determination; verdict （指陪审团作出的）労证circumstantial evidence陪审员juror批准逮捕approval of arrest破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产bankruptcy; insolvency普:通程序gcncral/ordinary procedure普通管辖general jurisdiction介业注人破产还债61 序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation 起诉filing of a lawsuit起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状indictment; informationl x. iL检療院grassroots People’s Procuratorate取｛呆吴帘the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决default judgement人民调解委员会People's Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwncrlcss认定公UL X Li事行力能力、限制事行力能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity 上诉appeal上诉人appellant上诉状petition for appeal少管所juvenile prison社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security 涉夕卜案件cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings中谪人applicant; petitioner申i得书petition; application for arbitration中话执行人execution applicant屮诉人貧誓书claimant's affidavit of authenticity申诉卞5 appeal for revision; petition for revision神乐证据制度system of divinity evidence神示制度ordeal system申资絮件case review市查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest南査起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution布理通知15 notice of hearing审判长presiding judge申判长寅布开庭presiding judge announce court in session市判管辅adjudgement/trial jurisdiction屯判监督程序procedure for trial supervision屯步U委员会judicial committee。

法学研究生复试英语模板

法学研究生复试英语模板Dear Members of the Admissions Committee,I am writing to express my keen interest in the postgraduate program in Law at your esteemed institution. My name is [Your Name], and I have recently completed my undergraduate degree in [Your Undergraduate Major] from [Your University]. I am eager to continue my academic journey and specialize further in the field of law, and I believe that your program offers the perfect environment for my professional growth.During my undergraduate studies, I have consistently demonstrated a strong commitment to academic excellence and a deep passion for legal studies. My coursework has provided me with a solid foundation in legal principles, and I have actively participated in moot court competitions, which have honed my advocacy and analytical skills. I have also volunteered with a local legal aid clinic, where I assistedin providing legal advice to underserved communities. This experience has instilled in me a sense of socialresponsibility and a desire to use my legal expertise to make a positive impact.I am particularly drawn to your program because of its focus on [Specific Aspects of the Program that Interest You].I am excited about the prospect of learning from esteemed faculty members such as [Professor's Name], whose work on[Specific Area of Law] has been highly influential in my understanding of [Related Legal Concepts]. I am also intrigued by the program's emphasis on [Specific Program Feature, e.g., practical training, research opportunities, interdisciplinary approach], which I believe will be instrumental in preparing me for a successful career in law.In addition to my academic pursuits, I am committed to contributing to the campus community. I plan to join the [Name of Law School Organization or Club] and engage with fellow students to foster a collaborative learning environment. I am also interested in participating in pro bono work through the school's clinics, which aligns with my personal goal of providing legal services to those in need.I am confident that my dedication, combined with the resources and opportunities provided by your program, will enable me to excel academically and professionally. I am looking forward to the possibility of discussing my application further during the interview process and to the opportunity to contribute to the vibrant intellectual community at [Name of Law School].Thank you for considering my application. I am excited about the opportunity to join your program and to contribute to the legal discourse at [Name of Law School].Sincerely,[Your Full Name][Your Contact Information]。

中国人民大学法学院考研复试英语题目及答案

法理：●法与国家权力的关系●法律和社会的关系？Here giving me just minutes to say something about the relationship between law and society , I don't think I can express such a big topic clearly .so I just pick a few simple points to finish this task.Firstly, law came into being because of the needs of the humans' living .humans are regulated and safeguarded almost from a newly-born baby to one's death. Law is the outcome of the society , one of the social systems and one of the social regulations .it is closely related to the social customs ,playing a role of maintaining the existent systems and the concepts of the morals and ethics .It is the reflection of the social configuration of some society at certain times.Secondly ,law has the function of regulating the human' social life on one hand ,on the other, it can also actively lead people to tend toward the luciferous side in human nature.So ,a good law and its good effects can draw people away from evils and trespassing as much as possible, which eventually help us all to live a happy and harmonious life .Thirdly ,it is no doubt that law and society takes actions on each other . various kinds of social problems and the changes of some social notions can influence the regulations of the law including the new formation and recessions of some codes or even the constitution.Fourthly ,we should take a stand of movement to talk about anything. For the society as well as the laws in any county, they will never stay at the same level and time, and they should and they had better march on hand in hand and to most extent to be adapt with each other.●法与道德的关系When I was a middle school student, my political teacher told me that if I want to tell something about the relationship between two notions, I should either say something about the sameness and differences as well. I think this is true. So in face of this question, I will compare the sameness of the law and the morality first; and after that, I will tell the difference between the law and the morality.So now let me compare the sameness. 上层建筑――经济基础First of all, to make this point in a political way, the law and the morality are both determined by the economic foundation. So we can call that the law and the morality are both superstructure of the society and both of them play important role in the society. 道德――法Secondly, the morality contributes much to the law. For example, sometimes, the legal order should be and in reality it is kept or maintained by the morality. We can imagine that if morality is not observed, the law can be easily infringed.法――道德Now thirdly, I should say the law is very important to the morality as well. In fact, the law is determined by many factors including some morality factors. So keeping the legal order is just the proper way to keep the moral order of the society.Ok, just now, I have told your something about the sameness between the law and themorality. And now I want the reveal the differences between the two notions. In fact, there are many differentiations between the law and the morality. 形成时间Firstly, the morality emerged far earlier the law. Even in the primitive society, there was morality but the law did not emerge until the state is built in the slavery society.表现形式secondly, the form or the appearance of the law and the morality is not same. We can see that the law has the definitude form, and the effectiveness of the law is assured by the state, but the morality often has no form at all and they just has its roots in the people’heart. 作用机制And thirdly, the action mechanism of them are different. For example, the law is promised or guaranteed by the state power. But in contrast with the law, the morality has its effect only in the heart of people.调整范围And finally, as far as the regulating extension is concerned, the extension of the law is much wider than the morality. As we know, some behaviors simultaneously don’t conform to the law and the morality. So such behaviors can be regulated by the law as well as the morality. But we can see that there are some slight behaviors. They just go against the morality but not against the law. For example, some adults don’t care much about their old parents. So when such behaviors are very slight, they should just be regulated by the morality but should not be regulated by the law.Ok, that’s all for this question.司法公正与司法效率Judicial justice and the judicial efficiencyFirstly, I want to distinguish the two meanings of the judicial justice. The first o ne is the procedural justice while the other one is the substantive justice. For exampl e, the due trial process is the procedural justice while the trial result is the substanti ve justice. So what is the relationship between the judicial justice and the judicial eff iciency? Briefly speaking, the other way we consider the justice is the efficiency. The justice that is lack of efficiency is meaningless. This is just like the meaning of a pr overb that the late justice is non-justice.How to coordinate the relationship between the judicial justice and the judicial e fficiency? In my opinion, we should stick to the primary principle that the judicial j ustice has the priority over the judicial efficiency. There are several reasons. It is no doubt that the primary purpose we build up the judicial system is to protect the ri ghts of the citizens and at the same time punish what are against the judicial justice. So based on such arguments, I want to say that when judging the significance betw een the judicial justice and the judicial efficiency, we should choose the judicial justic e to be more important.But this is not to say the judicial efficiency is of no significance at all. On the c ontrary, I want to say that we should not neglect pursuing the judicial efficiency. No w let me give my reasons of this view. First of all, for the litigants in a lawsuit, in t he process of pursuing the ideal result of the litigation, their energy is limited, their money is limited, and their time is limited too. So judicial efficiency is of great impo rtance for them. It is not strange that they hope to solve their problems or the disp utes in a minute since the litigation starts. And even for the accused in the criminalprocedure, they want to finish the litigation soon because the long litigation is very p ainful for them. And the second reason the importance of judicial efficacy is that, as far as the state is concerned, as the neutral party of for example the litigation, t he judicial resource is limited too. For many years, the judicial specialists and the pr actionors have tried their best to seek some measures to solve the most judicial probl ems at the least cost. For example, take the jury system in America for example, in some complicated cases as the Simpson case in 1999, it cost the judicial resource mu ch morr than expected.So my conclusion is that we should not stick to the judicial justice only or the j udicial efficiency only. We should fully examine the self-value of either the judicial ju stice or the judicial efficiency.●程序正义与实体正义procedural justice and substantive justice●大陆法系与英美法系比较？――两大法系的区别Could you tell me something about the separation of judicial system?The term Anglo-American Law System refers to the system of law developed in Englan d and transferred to most of the English-speaking world. It is distinguished from the Contine ntal Law System used in Continental Europe, and in those nations settled by European peopl es. Both the two systems are the basis of law in most of the western world.The continental law system can be traced back to Roman law, which extended to the lim its of the Empire. It received its modern impetus from the early nineteenth-century French c odes of law created by French jurists.The differences between the two can be put as follows:Firstly, in the process of the formation of the continental law system, the jurists have played an important role, while the judges have contributed a lot in the format ion of the common law system.(法学家、法官)Secondly, I want to compare the representation of the different laws. The contin ental law system is famous for its statutory law and the common law system is famo us for its case law.（制定法、案例法）Thirdly, each system has its particular angle of view. For example, the continen tal law system pays its attention to the substantive law but the common law system pays its attention to the procedural law. The latter underlines trials、procedure、proof a nd execution.(实体法、程序法)Fourthly, the differences in composition of the two are apparent. In the Continental La w System, public law and private law are the basic classification, and the civil law are the ba sic classification, and the civil law plays an important role in it. While the basic parts of the Anglo-American Law System are common law and equity law, and public law is the key pa rt of it.（公法私法、普通法衡量法）In fact, there are many other differences between the continental law system an d the common law system. But in fact, each system has it own merits. For example, the continental law is better for its stability, and the common law is better for its flexibility. So in the development of each law system, many of the merits are introduce d into each other. And even today, when we are considering developing the judicial s ystem, investigating the particular characters of each of the judicial system is very i mportant.对司法独立有什么看法？(judicial independence/ independence of jurisdic tion)First of all, I want to say that the judicial independence is of great importance. When we are talking about the judicial independence, it is no doubt that we can all be aware of how important the law is. In fact, in the process of building the legal s ociety and the harmonious society, law is taking a great role in this process. And in order to make full use of law to rule the country, the independence of law is very i mportant. However, we can see that sometimes the ruling by law is interrupted by m uch resistance. For example, because of the political system of China, our courts are often interrupted by the People’s Congress, the government and so on.To make the meaning of judicial independence even more clearer, I have to say t hat the judicial independence in china refers to the courts’independence but not ref ers to the judges’independence. As we can see, the chief judge of our Supreme cour t is elected and appointed by the NPC(National People’s Congress), and it is regulat ed in the constitution that he has to give a report about the affairs of the court syst em annually to the NPC. And the local courts of China are functioned in a similar way. So we can see that when talking about the judicial system of China, we can no t confuse it with that of Americans.So now I want to say something about the judicial independence of America. A nd one phrase that can not be neglected here is the principle of checks and balance s. The U.S. Constitution provides for three equal and separate branches of governm ent. They are executive branch, legislative branch and the judicial branch.Each of the three branches is to some extent dependent on the other two and t here is a partial interweaving of their functions. For example, the President suggests legislations to the Congress and may veto legislations passed by the Congress; the Pr esident appoints federal judges and may grant pardons from punishment for offenses against the United States; the Congress appropriates funds for the executive branch and the judicial branch and may impeach and try members of the executive branch or the judicial branch; the courts may declare any presidential or executive action u nconstitutional and may declare Congressional legislation unconstitutional.So in a word, what I want to say at last is that when talking about the judicia l independence, we should pay attention to its particular political system as well. Onl y by this way, can we fully understand the judicial independence.中国司法制度评价（法制改革的必要性Do you think the legal system need s ome reform ? Why? ）――judicial system司法制度现状Judicature is one of the important forms of the enforcement of law. In China, th e subjects of judicature are only the court and the procuratorate. Relevently, the system of judic ature is made up of two parts: the system of people’s court and the system of the people’s procur atorate.In China, the power of judicature is divided into the powers of adjudication, powers of prosecuti on and the powers of legal supervision. The people’s court exercise the powers of adjudicatio n, and the people’s procuratorate exercises the powers of prosecution and the powers of legal su pervision.From the foundation of China, three main procedure laws were issued in succession. They are t he criminal procedure law, civil procedure law and administrative procedure law. In trial, the c ourt follows the principle of public trial, the independence of judicature, the system whereby th e second instance is final, the people’s jury system and so on.The procedure of lawsuit mainly contains the procedure of first instance, procedure of second i nstance, summary procedure, procedure for trial supervision and procedure of execution. Now, we are improving the system of evidence, procedure for review of death sentences and so o n. To view the China’s system of judicature, we may see that the legislation concerning procedu re law is in the process of further improvement, and judicial reformation is also under way.First of all, I want to explain what the judicial system is. In fact, there are two meanings of judicial system. And the difference between them is their extension. Whe n talking about the judicial system, somebody just refers to the systems that are rela ted to the nation’s judicial bodies, for example, the criminal investigating system, the prosecuting system, the trial system, the jail system and so on. The broader meanin g of the judicial system dosen’t confine into the systems relating to the judicial bodi es. They are relating the other judicial bodies as well. So we can see that these syste ms are also the judicial systems in China, for example, the lawyer’s system, the not ary system, the arbitrational system, the mediation system and so on.Since the birth of the People’s Republic of China, the judicial system have been constructed and developed greatly. And it is no doubt that the judicial system has be en playing a very important role in the society. Several tips can be taken to explain the situation. For example, as far as the criminal area is concerned, since the buildin g of the security system, the prosecution system, the People’s court system, many cri minals have been arrested and convicted, this leads not only to the punishment and t he education of the criminals, but also the protection of the due rights of the victims and the other people. Ok, let me take another example, for example, in face of the civil disputing, in the old days, people often tend to solve the problems by themselves. This may leads to some severe problems and can not settle the problems completely. But now the people have many other choices to solve such problems. As we can see from what the diverse systems I introduced just now, when a person is considering solving a problem with the other people, for example, a contract disputing, he can find lawyer to help him, he can go to the notary for help, or he can go to the court directly.So, judging from these arguments, we can safely draw a conclusion that the judicial system is very important, we need them in our daily life. But, to our disappointment, there is no doubt that there are many problems of our judicial systems correspondingly. Generally speaking, the efficiency of our judicial bodies are more or less lower than what we expect, the rights of the people are not properly and efficiently protected. For example, as far as the criminal procedure cod is concerned, some of the rights that are publicly and generally recognized all over the world are not listed in our cod. In contrast with the west developed countries, our protection for especially the accused is far behind that of those countries. In the criminal procedure, the accused does not have the right of silence, and he does not have the right to have his lawyer be present when he is questioned by the police or the prosecutors, and so on.So, I want to say, our judicial systems need some innovations indeed. And our principal for the innovation is that we should conserver what is accord with the situation of our country, and alter the systems that are not beneficial to us. So I think several tips can be conducted to improve our judicial system.Firstly, we should strive to do legal research in order to distinguish what is beneficial to us and what is harmful to us. Secondly, the practitioners must have discovered many problems of the judicial systems. So during the process of innovating the judicial system, the advices or the suggestions of them are very valuable and should be taken into account. Thirdly, there is a longer history of modern judicial system of the foreign countries, especially the developed countries. And there must be many advanced judicial systems of them. So what we should do is to learn from them and introduce whatever is beneficial to us.The reform in legal system is one of the important forms of law development. It means reformin g from the content to the form of law, from the enactment to the enforcement of law, to meet th e needs of changing society. Here, I just want to talk about the characteristics and reasons of th e reform in legal system.The initial aim of the reform in legal system is mainly to establish an efficient and coordinated l egal system. So, its tasks are to create some branches of law, draw up new laws, and abandon o r modify some old laws. For example, during the process of reformation, China has created the economic law, the business law , the environmental law, and so on. In more than 2000 laws a nd regulations issued from 1949 to 1979 , half of them were abandoned, one fourth were modifi ed, and one fourth keep valid.With the improvement of the legal system, people pay more attention to the effect of law. First, p eople are more concerned with the operation of law in legislation. Second, the reform in the syst em of judicature is put on the agenda. Third, the improvement of the supervisory system of law i s paid more attention. In short, in this stage, the core of reformation is to improve the operating system of law.But, what’s the ultimate goal of our reform? I think it is to realize rule by law. Meanwhile, to pr otect the rights of citizen is also its mission.As we see, the reform in legal system is always accompanied by other social reforms. It’s one of the characteristics of the reform in legal system. Besides the inner conflict between laws, the reform in economic system and political system are the impetus of reform in legal system.Only if the law adapts the development of society, it could bring its functions into play. But ,th e reform may be a long process, and we look forward to the coming of a society ruled by law.●法治――constitutionality/ rule by law/ government by lawFirst of all, I want to explain what is the “rule of law”. Simply speaking, “rul e of law”means that administer a country or manage the state affairs by law. The “rule of law”has many characteristics:Firstly, the legislative body should make the law open and definite. That means that since the born of law, it should be known to all the citizens and the meaning of the law should be apparent.Secondly, the judicial power of a country should be neutral and independent. T hat means that, for example, the judges be neutral to the litigants and the judges ar e only responsible to the law but not to anyone else.Thirdly, there should be several systems to safeguard the neutrality ant the inde pendence of law. This is very important. As a matter of fact, in some so-called the “rule of law countries”, there does exist a system of laws. But because of lack of s ome necessary surveillance, the neutrality and the independence of law of these count ries are often interrupted or even destroyed.In fact, there are many other characteristics of the “rule of law”. For exampl e, the power of the government should be strictly restricted by law and the right of the citizens should be properly protected by the law. And now, I want to turn this t opic to another word which is very similar to the “rule of law”. In Chinese, the t wo words share the same pronunciation:法制、法治. And in fact, the two words were often misused in China years ago. However, the two words are totally different from each other. I think the “legal system”refers to a system composed of a series of elements of legal issues.Now, China is undergoing a great project of building a “rule of law”country. And I think it is the basis for building up a state of socialist legal system to adminis ter the country according to law. Actually speaking, in face of the great goal, there must be much resistance before us. But I think, no matter how difficult it is, it is n o doubt that we will achieve this exciting goal.●对民主的认识――democracyAt first, I want to say that it is very hard to make a precise definition of what democracy is. In fact, even the textbooks have different views about this definition. But generally speaking, the opposite word of the democracy is the “dictatorship”. Ok, when asked my opinion about the democracy, I want to generalize some characters of democracy and contrast it with its opposite word, dictatorship.国家的一切权力归属于人民So the first character of democracy I want to say is that the state power is fundamentally attached with the people. In the feudalistic soci ety, the emperor or the king often proclaimed that his power was granted by the go d or the supernatural power, so the people or the citizens were to be ruled naturally. But in the modern democratic society, it is accepted that what the emperor or the king have said before is absurd. Now we believe that only the people have the state power to govern ourselves.政府权力必须是有限的，受到有效约束的The second character of democracy is th at the state power is limited and it should be restricted. We can easily imagine that if the state power is very powerful and not restricted, what will happen? It is no do ubt that the due rights of the people are prone to be easily infringed. And the unres tricted power will even lead to dictatorship. So restricting the state power is very im portant.民主的权力自身要有约束,公民享有平等参与政治生活的权利和自由The third char acter of democracy is that the democracy itself should be restricted. It is emphasized that that the citizens have the equal political rights. So we can see that the citizens have the equal rights to vote, and they have the equal rights to select the figures th ey like to be the leaders, and they have the rights to be equally protected by the la w or the state power.少数服从多数，多数尊重和保护少数的民主决策原则The last character of democ racy I want to say is that it has a very important principle. That is the minority sh ould submit to the majority, and the majority should respect and protect the minorit y. I think democracy does not mean that the people should have the same opinions o f all the issues. And that is impossible. So at this situation, this principle is very imp ortant, not only the rights of the majority are realized, but the rights of the minorit y are also protected.Do you think that states has the right to take citizens' lives?死刑存废问题There has been such a long time for the discussion of the abolition of death penalty since the great Italy criminal expert Beccates brought up his clear objection of death penalty in 18TH Century .As a whole ,it is predominate that more people think the country has no right of taking citizens' lives .As for me ,I am also in favor of this opinion. Firstly, the right of being alive is the basic and most important one to a person and also the whole country. As it is so- called “natural right”, I don't think the country has the right of disposing the natural right .In addition, citizens' live is the basic part of a country .No citizen' live, no country !Secondly, as we all know, the country is shaped by the giving away of citizens' public right ,so no doubt thatcitizens are the owners of the country and the country has no right of taking the owners' lives .Thirdly, from the origin of the country ,we can conclude that the country has the obligation of defending its citizens' lives .In a word, theoretically, the country has no right of taking citizens' lives.However, there are some cases that one person takes another' live .In this condition, as a solution to this problem and also a way of stabilizing the society ,I think it is sometimes necessary for the country to take one's live as a punishment .And we can see there are always mixed factors for the a country's criminal sys tem ;especially whether we should take the death penalty into consideration .We shou ld realize that the factors such as the cultural background . the history . the conscio usness of the citizens'.the safety condition .the influence of a case and so on are so d ifferent from one country to another .The most important thing is to take the most s uitable measure for its own country ,that is to mean do what is consistent with the s ituation of a country .In a word ,since the fact is complicated ,we should compromis e before the reality although to some extent we admit that the death penalty should be abolished theoretically .For example , based on the situation of China in the recen t years, I don't think it is the right period for the criminal system to abolish the de ath penalty.●对现行民法体系的看法？――civil law systemAbout the system of China’s civil code, there are three standpoints in the field of the scie nce of civil law. They are idealism, romanticism and realism. The idealism holds the Roman law in esteem, aiming to promote the status of personal law. The romanticism advocates t o draw up a loose civil code. While the realism stresses to respect the custom of our legal syst em, preferring the system from overall to fraction.But about the concrete design of civil code, though there are many suggestions, most sch olars choose the stand of realism. For example, some scholars think the civil code should con tain six parts as follows: the general principle, personal rights, real rights, intellectual right s, rights of inheritance, creditor’s rights. Some scholars deem the civil code should contain se ven parts, as follows: the general principle, real rights, creditor’s rights, rights of relative, ri ghts of inheritance, intellectual rights and torts.The views above have some resemblances in content, but also have many differences. Th e question is why they all choose realism in the design of the system of civil code. In fact, ther e are two style about the system of civil code. One is the style of Roman, accepted by Franc e, Italy and so on. The other is the style of Germany , accepted by Germany and its follower s. From the reform in legal system in the late Qing Dynasty, we have accepted the style of Ge rman’s system of civil code and its concepts, principles, institutions and theoretical system. T he arrangement of chapters and sections, concepts we are using and system of civil rights in t he general principles of civil law in force, apparently drawn lessons from German’s civil cod e. So, it is not surprise that so many scholars choose the realism.●对我国法律体系的看法――law systemFirst of all, let me try to explain what the law system is. Generally speaking, the l aw system refers to the inner structure of the law. The overall law can by divided i nto many different branches. And I think the law system is like a pyramid. Each br anch of law locates at different levels of the pyramid owing to their different effectiv eness. So we can see that the constitution is at the top of the pyramid. And we can see that because of the lower effectiveness, there are many branches of law under th e constitution.In China, there are four levels of laws in the law pyramid. As I have said just no w, the top level belongs to the constitution. There are several basic laws lying in the second level of the pyramid. They are the subsidiary branch of the constitution. Thi s group of basic laws are the criminal law, the administrative law, the civil law, the litigation law, the economic law, the marriage law and the labor law. And the laws o f the third level of pyramid are the subsidiary branch of the second level, for examp le, the intellectual property law. Correspondingly, the laws of the fourth level of the pyramid are the subsidiary department of the third level, for example, the copyright law.One point that I want to mention here is that the law system has a character of unification. For example they are located systematically like a pyramid. And it has a nother character: alternation. They are both the inner characters of the law system. As the society atmosphere changes, the law system will change too. For example, whe n a new country is built, the law system may change correspondingly. So, one famou s political phrase can be used here. That is: The superstructure is determined by the economic foundation.The system of the science of law is an interrelated entirety made up of many branches of the sci ence of law. As a theoretical system, it is changing with the legal theory and practice of law. To specialize the research, people divide the system of the science of law into many concrete bra nches according to certain criterions. But because of different angle of observation and researc h, the division varies from person to person. On the whole, criterions are mainly following: taki ng the object of research as criterion, the system is divided into the science of Constitution, the s cience of penal law, the science of civil law and so on; taking the level of research as criterion, i t is divided into the science of theoretical law and the science of applied law. The other criterion s are the scope of research, the method of research and so on. But to evaluate if such division i s scientific, two factors should be considered. The first is whether the division accords with the r eal appearance of the science of law. The second and more important is whether the division ac cords with logical rules.In china, the division of the science of law shows a complicated picture. Some scholars divided i t into five classes. They are the science of theoretical law , the science of applied law, the scienc e of the history of law, the science of domestic law, the science of international law. Some schol ars divided it into six classes. They are the science of theoretical law , the science of the branc h of law, the science of the history of law, the science of legislation, the science of internationa l law and the science of marginal law.The phenomenon of the science of law has complicated relations, so it is difficult to find a divisi。

法律硕士英语复试对答

你喜欢在大城市还是小城市生活。

Honestly speaking,for those of us post-80 generation, it is not the question of whetherlike or not, but the question of survival. If I could find a satifying job in big city with good prospects, and after a few years I am able to afford to buy a flat, of course I am willing to live in big city, after all, I come from a small city which has backward economy and few chances. Nevertheless, The small city, certainly has its benefits, such as lighter pressure of suvival, graceful environment.what’s more, you can see you parents an any time.如果你被录取，但你有什么计划？If luckily I got the chance to study in Renmin University of China, i will concentrate on the study and reserch in this field. first of all i will try my best to pass the national judicial exam, which is held in this Septemper. so that I could spare some time to prepare for CPA while taking postgraduate courses. As you kown, it is more and more difficult to get a good job today, so, in my opinion, it is not a bad thing to master a second specility. What's more, I am quite interesting in eonomics, and maybe I will work in foreign enterprise in future after my graduation. Besides, a good command of foreign language such as English is necessary for a law student. What’s more, in view of the status of the legal profession in our country，the inter-disciplinary talent who masters both laws and English is in great demand. So during the period my postgraduation study, I will learn the theoretical knowledge, constucting a a solid foundation for future profession, and improve my English to meet the demands of future work..大陆法系与英美法系比较？There are many different legal systems in the world. In fact, every nation’s legal system has its own characteristics. However , the degree of difference varies, with some systems bearing more resemblance to others. As a result, the world can be divided into several legal systems. Without doubt, the Common Law Legal System and the Roman Law legal system are the most important legal famlilies in the world. The usual distinction to be made between the two systems is that the common law system tends to be case-centred and hence judge-centred, On the other hand, the civil law system tends to be a codified body of general abstract principles which control the exercise of judicial discretion.Legal source differs：As to the Roman law legal system, both statute law and case law are formal legal sources。

法学英语复试自我介绍_英文自我介绍_

法学英语复试自我介绍面试的目的，就是让对方记住自己，对自己留下良好的，深刻的印象。

那么法学复试的英语自我介绍该怎么说呢?下面小编为你整理了法学英语复试自我介绍，欢迎阅读。

法学英语复试自我介绍篇【1】Dear examiner, hello:My name is XXX. I graduated from XX college, majoring in law. Now let me introduce myself in the interviewCan Pibozhanlang, from talent shows itself numerous applicants to interview, the confidence that I felt from the success of one step closer! Frankly, if I fight for my dreams, even if you fail, I will not regret it because I reap!I was born in rural areas, parents industrious good moral edification, the school teacher's education, I have a envy and admiration of civil servants; when the college entrance examination in 20xx, I did not hesitate to choose the law professional XX college, four years of college life, cultivate my kindness, harmony, harmonious attitude.In thought, I have to party, on the one hand, strengthen ideological and moral construction of themselves, armed themselves from the thought; on the other hand, with the purpose of serving the people, to help others, social services, demands on themselves to be members of the strict requirements. Finally in the third year to join glory the Communist Party of Chinese, and in the year after the smooth positive.During the period of school, academic excellence, one through the National Computer Rank Examination (two C language) second through the university English four, six level oftest, the same year, won the third-prize, the competition of the National College English major, self ACCA (ACCA), for the second stage candidates, fourth at the start of the financial investment is very interested in, sign up for the June CFA (CharteredFinancialAnalyst) examination.In addition, I actively participate in social activities, exercise their professional skills, increase their professional knowledge, and achieved certain results. Through a series of activities outside the school, I also gradually grasp the interpersonal and communication skills, learn how to make themselves in a harmonious interpersonal relationship. Through in the school I deeply appreciate the meaning of learning theory to guide practice, and indeed to the standards. In learning and activities I also actively enrich himself, be learned in books, rich knowledge, and master of computer application skills sufficient to meet the needs of the work.As a law graduate student, I am still very young, but I understand: a young man, can be through continuous learning to improve themselves, to prove himself in practice. I believe that a good self-learning ability and unremitting spirit can make me for my work. I am cheerful, generous, have strong communication and organizational skills and practical ability, good at interpersonal communication. To master the knowledge of good manners and hospitality experience, the flexibility and agility, flexibility to work in an emergency.Dear examiner, hard and Beatrice than pine, like plum Ao cream; give me a chance, I will use the actual results to prove to you!法学英语复试自我介绍篇【2】Examiner:Hello, today can stand here to participate in the interview, have the opportunity to ask the examiner for advice and learning, I feel very happy. I hope that through this interview, I can show myself to you this year... Old Han, bachelor degree in law. I love reading books and Internet browsing information. My personality is bright, easy-going. Relationship to anything around, friends and loved ones can live together in peace together, and life is full of confidence. I had an internship in the procuratorate, so there is some practical experience in the field of education for four years. In, I developed a strong character, the character that I've overcome some difficulties in studying and living actively in. Being a law worker has been my strong desire for years. If I have the chance to be hired, I think I can get some exercise and realize my value in my jobAt the same time, I also realized, and working relationship is established on the basis of the self, I think I have the ability to have the confidence to do the job. The civil service is a sacred and noble occupation, it is the pursuit of the maximization of public interest, it is the fundamental purpose of serving the people. For the service of the state. Lei Feng said: human life is limited, but serving the people is unlimited, I want to devote my limited life to the limitless service to the people. This is also my understanding the best interpretation of civil servants. So, this work can achieve my ideal society and the value of life, hope we can recognized me, giving me this machine Meeting!法学英语复试自我介绍篇【3】My name is & & & &, law school graduates, I was in college, studying all kinds of laws, have in-depth understanding and Research on the law, master of law theory, to understand the legal form of current Chinese.Book knowledge is limited, I actively participated in many social practice and community work, engaged in a large organization to plan the party, to answer the phone secretarial work, accumulated a lot of experience from success to failure. I think the actual operation ability and organization ability of cooperative learning is more important.In the usual practice, I learned a lot, especially some books to school work experience, although there have been previous success and failures, from which I get is a lot of work principle and work experience for me now, things have become mature. In the past work, I work conscientiously, have team spirit and good communication skills.As a graduate, maybe my knowledge is limited, perhaps I was too young, the lack of practical experience, I may not like other people in some areas to work freely, but the young means of enthusiasm and vitality. I know my lack of experience, without social practice exercise, so I need to sharpen their own in practice in order to achieve their own value.。

南大法硕英语复试模板

南大法硕英语复试模板南大法硕英语复试是每个考生的重要一环，下面为大家提供南大法硕英语复试模板，希望对大家有所帮助。

南大法硕英语复试模板一、自我介绍Good morning/afternoon, professors. My name is __________.I come from __________, which is a beautiful city/province in China. I am a senior/junior student majoring in __________ at __________ University. During my college years, I have participated in various extracurricular activities, such as __________. In addition, I have also obtained some certificates, such as __________. I am very honored to have the opportunity to attend the interview today, and I hope to express myself well.二、英语口语能力1. ReadingI think reading is the foundation of English learning. In my spare time, I read some English books, such as __________.I also read some English news on the Internet, such as BBC news and CNN news. Reading can not only improve my vocabulary and grammar, but also my understanding of English culture.2. ListeningI love listening to English songs and watching English movies. Through these activities, I can not only improve my listening ability, but also learn more about English culture. In addition, I also listen to some English podcasts, such as __________, which is very helpful for my English learning.3. SpeakingI practice my English speaking by talking to my classmates and foreign teachers. I also attend some English corners, where I can communicate with native speakers. I think speaking is the most important part of English learning, because it can help me to express my ideas and thoughts.4. WritingI usually write some English diaries and essays to practice my writing skills. I also participate in some English writing competitions, such as __________. Writing can help me to improve my grammar, vocabulary and writing style.三、专业素养1. Why did you choose law as your major?I have always been interested in law since I was a child.I think law is a very important subject, which can ensure the justice of the society. In addition, law can also protect people's rights and interests. I hope to become a lawyer in thefuture, and help more people to solve their legal problems.2. What are your advantages in law?I think I have a strong sense of justice and a good ability to analyze problems. I can also express my ideas clearly and logically. In addition, I have learned some basic legal knowledge during my undergraduate study, such as __________.I think these advantages can help me to become a qualified law student.3. What are your plans for postgraduate study?I hope to deepen my understanding of law through postgraduate study, and improve my ability to solve legal problems. I also hope to participate in some legal research projects, and contribute to the development of legal science. In addition, I hope to communicate with more legal experts, and broaden my horizons.以上就是南大法硕英语复试模板，大家可以根据自己的情况进行适当的调整和修改。

武大法律硕士历年复试英语面试题

what is the worst place you have been in china?1 BECAUSE UR MAJOR IS TOURISM，PLS INTRODUCE UR CITY2 HOW TO TRANSLATE法律硕士3 CAN U TELL ME UR LIFE STYLE怎么交朋友的你具体喜欢刑法的哪个科目”Do you think the food in our country is healthy or not ?Why did you chose the law?自我介绍，之后是跟你自我介绍相关的问题，比如为什么叫这个名字（本人名字比较特别），深圳跟武汉两个城市的不同（本人来自深圳）。

如果录取，想重点学习哪方面的法律，还有你对这方面法律的了解。

自我介绍，独生子女政策的理解What responsibilities should a couple take？Why many factories established in subsurd ?05年英语口语：先为1分钟自我介绍，再根据介绍问问题，为2-5分钟1、你以前学过法律吗？有信心学好吗？2、你对武汉经济有何看法？3、你为什么不学本专业而要学法律？4、你读过什么有关法律的书？5、谈谈英美法系与大陆法系的区别？6、你对研究生阶段有何计划？7、昨天火箭队与那队打了一场比赛？10年What's your impression on the law school of Wuhan university?No.1 Introduce the city of Xian （我的专业是旅游管理，大学在西安读的）No.2Why do u choose this major?No.3 How do u understand about law?No.4 Can u translate 法理学？What is ur plan if u r accepted by WHU,Law School?would u say something about ur university study?你觉得解决交通问题最好的办法是什么，是改善公共交通系统还是控制私家车？自我介绍然后谈谈你的父母然后是为什么选择武汉大学自我介绍武汉好玩的地方大学有趣的事情喜欢哪个法律部门如果你有工作的机会，还愿意上武大研究生吗？自我介绍，谈你最好的朋友，谈一本你读过的书1.who gave you the name？2.please say something about you educational background？自我介绍；你的special skill；到社会上怎么成为有用的人你认为电子书能代替纸质书吗?How do you think of the China higher education in law?what the differences between graduates and undergraduates。

法律硕士复试英语词汇大全

法律渊源source of law制定法statute判例法case law; precedent普通法common law特别法special law固有法native law; indigenous law 继受法adopted law实体法substantial law程序法procedural law原则法fundamental law例外法exception law司法解释judicial interpretation 习惯法customary law公序良俗public order and moral 自然法natural law罗马法Roman Law私法private law 公法public law市民法jus civile万民法jus gentium民法法系civil law system英美法系system of Anglo-American law大陆法系civil law system普通法common law大陆法continental law罗马法系Roman law system衡平法equity; law of equity日尔曼法Germantic law教会法ecclesiastical law寺院法canon law伊斯兰法Islamic law民法法律规范norm of civil law授权规范authorization norm禁止规范forbidding norm义务性规范obligatory norm命令性规范commanding norm民法基本原则fundamental principles ofcivil law平等原则principle of equality自愿原则principle of free will公平原则principle of justice等价有偿原则principle of equal valueexchange诚实信用原则principle of good faith行为act作为ac不作为omission合法行为lawful act违法行为unlawful act民事权利权利能力civil right1 / 19绝对权absolute right相对权relative right优先权right of priority先买权preemption原权antecedent right救济权right of relief支配权right of dominion请求权right of claim物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation撤销权right of claiming cancellation 否认权right of claiming cancellation 解除权right of renouncement代位权subrogated right选择权right of choice承认权right of admission终止权right of termination 抗辩权right of defense一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argumentright不安抗辩权unstable counter-argumentright同时履行抗辩权defense right ofsimultaneous performance既得权tested right期待权expectant right专属权exclusive right非专属权non-exclusive right人身权利personal right人权human right人格权right of personality生命健康权right of life and health姓名权right of name名称权right of name肖像权right of portraiture自由权right of freedom名誉权right reputation隐私权right of privacy私生活秘密权right of privacy贞操权virginity right身份权right of status亲权parental power; parental right亲属权right of relative探视权visitation right配偶权right of spouse荣誉权right of honor权利的保护protection of right公力救济public protection私力救济self-protection权利本位standard of right2 / 19社会本位standard of society无责任行为irresponsible right正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence防卫行为act of defence自为行为self-conducting act紧急避险act of rescue; necessity自助行为act of self-help不可抗力force majeure意外事件accident行为能力capacity for act意思能力capacity of will民事行为civil act意思表示declaration of intention意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus 完全行为能力perfect capacity for act限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act 准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person保佐protection自治产人minor who is capable ofadministering his own capacity无行为能力incapacity for act禁治产人interdicted person自然人natural person公民citizen住所domicile居所residence经常居住地frequently dwelling place户籍census register监护guardianship个体工商户individual business农村承包经营户leaseholding ruralhousehold合伙partnership合伙人partner合伙协议partnership agreement合伙财产property of partnership合伙债务debt of partnership入伙join partnership退伙withdrawal from partnership合伙企业partnership businessestablishment个人合伙partnership法人合伙partnership of legal person特别合伙special partnership普通合伙general partnership有限合伙limited partnership民事合伙civil partnership隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormantpartnership私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship3 / 19法人legal person企业法人legal body of enterprise企业集团group of enterprise关联企业affiliate enterprise个人独资企业individual business establishment国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise 中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise社团法人legal body of mass organization 财团法人legal body of financial group联营joint venture法人型联营association of legal persons合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership 协作型联营cooperation-type coordinatedmanagement合作社cooperative民事法律行为civil legal act单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act有偿民事法律行为civil legal act withconsideration无偿民事法律行为civil legal act withoutconsideration; civil legal act without award实践性民事法律行为practical civil legalact法律翻译公司诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legalact要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act不要式民事法律行为informal civil legalact要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act不要因民事法律行为noncausative civillegal act主民事法律行为principal civil legal act从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act附条件民事法律行为conditional civillegal act附期限民事法律行为civil legal act withterm生前民事法律行为civil legal act beforedeath死后民事法律行为civil legal act afterdeath准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act无效行为ineffective act4 / 19可撤销民事行为revocable civil act违法行为illegal act; unlawful act侵权行为tort欺诈fraud胁迫duress乘人之危taking advantage of others’precarious position以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention恶意串通malicious collaboration重大误解gross misunderstanding显失公平obvious unjust误传misrepresentation代理agency本人principal被代理人principal受托人trustee 代理人agent本代理人original agent法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent委托代理人agent by mandate指定代理人designated agent复代理人subagent再代理人subagent转代理人subagent代理权right of agency授权行为act of authorization授权委托书power of attorney代理行为act of agency委托代理agency by mandate本代理original agency复代理subagency次代理subagency有权代理authorized agency表见代理agency by estoppel; apparentagency律师代理agency by lawyer普通代理general agency全权代理general agency全权代理委托书general power of attorney共同代理joint agency独家代理sole agency居间brokerage居间人broker行纪commission; broker house信托trust时效time limit; prescription; limitation时效中止suspension ofprescription/limitation时效中断interruption oflimitation/prescription5 / 19时效延长extension of limitation取得时效acquisitive prescription时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription期日date期间term涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements冲突规范rule of conflict准据法applicable law; governing law反致renvoi; remission转致transmission识别identification公共秩序保留reserve of public order法律规避evasion of law国籍nationality 国有化nationalization法律责任legal liability民事责任civil liability/responsibility行政责任administrativeliability/responsibility刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility违约责任liability of breach of contract;responsibility of default有限责任limited liability无限责任unlimited liability按份责任shared/several liability连带责任joint and several liability过失责任liability for negligence; negligentliability过错责任fault liability; liability for fault单独过错sole fault共同过错joint fault混合过错mixed fault被害人过错victim’s fault第三人过错third party’s fault推定过错presumptive fault恶意bad faith; malice故意deliberate intention; intention;willfulness过失negligence重大过失gross negligence疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertentnegligence过于自信的过失negligence with undueassumption损害事实facts of damage有形损失tangible damage/loss无形损失intangible damage/loss财产损失property damage/loss6 / 19人身损失personal damage/loss精神损失spiritual damage/loss民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability停止侵害cease the infringing act排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle消除危险elimination of danger返还财产restitution of property恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss支付违约金payment of liquidated damage 消除影响eliminate ill effects恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation赔礼道歉extend a formal apology 物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right物权制度real right system; right in remsystem一物一权原则the principal of One thing,One Right物权法定主义principal of legality of rightin rem物权公示原则principal of public summonsof right in rem物权法jus rerem物property生产资料raw material for production生活资料means of livelihood; means ofsubsistence流通物res in commercium; a thing incommerce限制流通物limited merchantable thing禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thingout of commerce资产asset固定资产fixed asset流动资产current asset; floating asset动产movables; chattel不动产immovable; real estate特定物res certae; a certain thing种类物genus; indefinite thing可分物res divisibiles; divisible things不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisiblethings主物res capitalis; a principal thing从物res accessoria; an accessory thing原物original thing孳息fruits7 / 19天然孳息natural fruits法定孳息legal fruits无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods遗失物lost property漂流物drifting object埋藏物fortuna; hidden property货币currency证券securities债券bond物权分类classification of right in rem/real right自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership所有权dominium; ownership; title所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership 占有权dominium utile; equitableownership使用权right of use; right to use of收益权right to earnings; right to yields处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi善意占有possession in good faith恶意占有malicious possession按份共有several possession共同共有joint possession他物权jus in re aliena用益物权real right for usufruct使用权right to use; right of use土地使用权right to the use of land林权forest ownership采矿权mining ownership经营权managerial authority; power ofmanagement承包经营权right to contracted management相邻权neighboring right; relatedright地上权superficies永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landedestate granted in perpetuity through acontract地役权servitude; easement人役权servitus personarum; personalservitude担保物权real right for security物的担保security for thing物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of athing抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right tomortgage抵押权的设定creation of right to mortgage抵押人mortgagor8 / 19抵押权人mortgagee抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage 抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage抵押权的消灭extinction of right to mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage抵押物登记registration of estate under mortgage 抵押优先权priority of mortgage留置权lien一般留置权general lien特别留置权special lien质权hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge佃权tenant right债权jus in personam; right to give orprocure; claim; creditor’s right债权人creditor债务人debtor相对人counterpart; offeree给付give; pay债务debt; liability; obligation债务的偿还payment of debt债务的偿清discharge of debt债务的担保guarantee of debt债务的合并consolidation of debt债务的给付日期debt maturity债务的免除exemption of debt债的分类obligatio; obligation法定之债legal obligation任意之债voluntary obligation简单之债simple obligation选择之债alternative obligation主债prime/principal obligation从债accessory obligation单一之债single obligation按份之债several obligation连带之债joint obligation特定之债certain obligation种类之债indefinite obligation合同之债contractual obligation侵权行为之债tort obligation9 / 19损害赔偿之债obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages人身损害damage to person精神损害moral/mental/spiritual damage医药费hospital treatment expense医疗费medical charge抚恤金pension慰问金consolation money产品瑕疵defect of product不当得利unjust enrichment无因管理voluntary service债的担保guarantee of obligation财产担保property guarantee信用担保credit guarantee让与担保alienation guarantee保证guaranty明示保证express guaranty 默示保证implied guaranty保证人guarantor保证合同contract of guaranty/suretyship保证金guaranty bond; security deposit押金deposit; foregift预付款advanced payment定金earnest money; deposit违约金liquidated damages法定违约金liquidated damages by law约定违约金liquidated damages byagreement债的履行performance of obligation实际履行原则doctrine of specificperformance情事变更原则doctrine of change ofcircumstances不当履行misfeasance清偿discharge; satisfaction提存debtor’s submission of the subjectmatter of obligation to competent authority抵销setoff知识产权intellectual property知识产权国际保护international protectionof intellectual property国民待遇原则doctrine of nationaltreatment优先权原则 a right of priority doctrine自动保护原则doctrine of automaticprotection特许权使用费royalties智力成果intellectual property著作权copyright版权copyright10 / 19著作权人copyright owner创作creation作品opus; product; work著作人格权right of personality of copyright发表权right of publication署名权right of authorship; right of paternity修改权right of modification; right of revision完整性保持权right to maintain integrity不可侵犯权inviolability收回权right of recall; right of retrieval自费出版publish a book at the author’s own expense著作财产权property right in work使用收益分享权right to share usufruct 利用权right to make use of获得报酬权right to get payment重播权right of rebroadcasting录制权right of fixation机械复制权right of mechanograph; right ofmechanical reproduction著作邻接权neighboring right of copyright剽窃plagiary; plagiarism盗版pirate盗版VCD pirated VCD伪造forge工业产权industrial property专利权patent right优先权日priority date申请在先原则prior application rule使用在先priority of use新颖性novelty创造性creativity实用性practicability发明创造invention and creation实用新型utility model外观设计design; industrial design发明权right of invention发现权right of discovery专利申请patent application专利异议objection to a patent专利公告patent gazette专利续展费renewal fee of patent专利许可协议patent licensing agreement技术诀窍know-how专有技术know-how专利证书certificate of patent专利事务所patent office专利代理patent agency11 / 19中华人民共和国专利局Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China商标权trademark right商标国际注册international registration of trademark商品商标commodity trademark服务商标service trademark驰名商标reputed trademark广告商标advertisement trademark近似商标similar trademark商标评审委员会trade review and appraisal board商标审查trademark examination商标侵权trademark infringement商标注册registered trademark商标公告trademark gazette注册商标使用许可licensing of registered trademark注册商标转让assignment of registeredtrademark商标使用许可协议trademark licensingagreement商标事务所trademark office商标代理trademark agency婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage, family,inheritance, adoption婚姻法marital law; marriage law包办婚姻arranged marriage财产分割partition; dismemberment ofproperty重婚bigamy独生子女only child法律婚legal marriage非婚生子女illegitimate child夫妻共同财产community property夫妻关系conjugal relationship夫妻分居divorce a mensa et thoro; divorcefrom bed and board复婚resumption of marriage感情破裂incompatibility婚后财产公证notarization of postnuptialproperties婚姻登记marriage registration婚生子女ligitimate child计划生育birth control结婚marry离婚divorce买卖婚姻mercenary marriage拟制血亲blood relations in fiction of law旁系血亲collateral relation blood relation12 / 19涉外婚姻marriage with foreign elements配偶spouse事实婚de facto marriage诉讼离婚divorce by litigation探视权visitation right同居cohabitation晚婚late marriage无效婚姻void marriage协议离婚divorce by agreement一夫一妻制monogamy早婚early marriage直系血亲lineal descent自然血亲natural blood relation收养法adoption law收养协议adoption agreement收养人adoptive parent送养人person or institution placing out a child for adoption涉外收养adoption with foreign elements继承法inheritance law; law of succession法定继承legal seccession遗嘱继承intestate succession遗赠继承succession by devise自然继承natural succession代位继承representation; succession bysubrogation世袭继承hereditary succession间接继承indirect succession转继承subsuccession共同继承joint succession单独继承single succession继承人heir; successor第二顺序继承人successor second in order第一顺序继承人successor first in order继承参与人succession participant遗产inheritance; heritage遗产继承人heir to property; inheritor遗言last will and testament遗书last words遗赠bequest; legacy; devise遗赠抚养协议legacy-support agreement会计法accounting law税法tax law; taxation law反不正当竞争法anti-unfair competitionlaw消费者权益保护法consumer’s interestprotection law产品责任法production liability law消费者权益法consumer rights and interestslaw13 / 19公司法company law; corporate law公司company; corporation有限责任公司limited liability company股份有限公司company limited by shares 无限公司unlimited company股份两合公司joint stock limited liability partnership两合公司joint liability company控股公司holding company集团公司group company合资公司joint venture company联营公司associated company; affiliated company国营公司state-own company国有公司state-owned company民营公司civilian-run company本国公司national/domestic company 外国公司foreign company上市公司listed company母公司parent company子公司subsidiary皮包公司briefcase company; fundlesscompany募集设立incorporation by stock floatation发起人floater; initiator公司名称name of company公司住址domicile of company出资contribution; capital subscription现金出资investment in cash实物出资investment in kind工业产权出资investment in industrialproperty right非专有技术出资investment in non-patenttechnology劳务出资investment in labor高新技术成果出资investment in hi-techachievements注册资本registered capital实缴资本paid-in capital验资报告capital verification report会计师事务所certified public accountants注册会计师certified public accountant资本三原则three doctrine of capital资本确定原则doctrine of capitaldetermination资本维持原则doctrine of capitalmaintenance资本不变原则doctrine of unchangingcapital最低资本额制度minimum capital system公司章程articles of association; articles of14 / 19incorporation; bylaw公司登记incorporation; corporate registration公司存续existence of company公司合并分立merger and split of company 公司并购corporate merger and acquisition 公司管理corporate governance; company management公司法律顾问corporate counsel公司整顿company rectification公司歇业closure of business公司和解company composition公司解散company dissolution公司清算company liquidation公司清理company winding-up竞业禁止non-commpete; competition prohibition 招股章程prospectus股本stock capital股东shareholder股东大会shareholders’meeting股东大会决议resolution of shareholders’meeting股东大会议事规则rule of procedure ofshareholders’meeting表决权voting right; right to vote董事director董事长president/chairman of the board首席执行官chief executive officer(CEO)首席运营官chief operation officer(COO)执行董事executive director常务董事managing director董事会board of directors董事会领导下的经理负责制responsibilitysystem of the chief executive officer underthe leadership of the board of directors经理独立负责制manager independentresponsibility system监事supervisor监事会board of supervisors股share; stock普通股common stock特别股special stock资格股qualification stock优先股preferred stock劣后股inferior stock表决权股stock with voting power溢价股premium stock折价股converting stock国家股state-owned share集体股collective share法人股corporate15 / 19share企业股enterprise share个人股individual share股息dividend红股bonus stock; dividend stock法定公积金legal accumulation fund资本公积金capital accumulation fund 盈余公积金surplus accumulation fund 任意公积金optional accumulation fund 公司犯罪corporate crime证券法securities law证券发行issuance of securities证券上市list securities; float an issue 证券交易所stock exchange证券商securities dealer证券公司securities company 证券承销商consortium of underwriters证券承销合同underwriting contract证券经纪人securities broker披露制度disclosing system交割日closing date风险投资基金venture capital fund上海证券交易所Shanghai Stock Exchange深圳证券交易所Shenzhen Stock Exchange证券监督委员会securities supervisioncommittee票据法law of negotiable instrument票据notes; bills; commercial instruments商业票据bill; commercial instrument远期票据time bill;; long-dated bill到期票据matured bill即期票据sight bill记名票据bill payable to order; note toorder不记名票据bearer instrument本票promissory note支票cheque汇票bill of exchange发票日ticket day出票日date of draft/issue发票地place of draft/issue票据到期日bill to mature票据金额sum of bill票面价额face value票据出票人drawer票据持票人bill holder票据承兑人bill acceptor票据行为act on commercial paper承兑票据honor a bill票据议付negotiation16 / 19拒付票据protest a bill票据付款人drawee票据支付人payer on commercial instrument票据收款人bill collector票据背书人endorser/indorser of a bill被背书人endorsee票据保证人bill guarantor票据被保证人bill pledgee/warrantee再追索人renewed recourser前手remote holder后手subsequent endorser票据权利right of bill票据期限term of bill; tenor票据债务人debtor of commercial instrument追索权right of recourse 票据抗辩exception to bill票据丧失loss of bill票据时效prescription of exchanges票据贴现discount of bill再贴现rediscount of bill恩惠期间term of benevolence票据代理agency for notes/bills/commercialinstruments海商法maritime law船舶国籍证书certificate of registry;certificate of ship’s nationality船棋国flag country船舶所有权证书certificate of shipownership船舶检验register of ship船舶保险insurance on hull船舶保险单hull insurance policy船舶登记证书certificate of registry船舶丈量tonnage measurement of ships船舶进港费groundage船舶抵押ship mortgage船舶租赁ship chartering船舶转租ship subchartering船舶所有人责任限制limitation ofliabilities of ship owners船舶碰撞ship collision船舶遇难maritime distress海上灾难perils of the sea海上拖航marine towage船舶扣押detention of ship船舶债权ship’s credit船级社classification society船级证书certificate of class17 / 19海上留置权maritime lien船舶留置权maritime lien船舶抵押权maritime mortgage海上优先请求权priority claim to seagoing ships救助优先权priority claim to salvage共同海损优先权priority claim to general average服务优先权priority claim to service货物损害优先权priority claim to cargo damage传播抵押借款和货物抵押借款优先权priority claim to ship credit and goods credit 海运合同shipping contract提单bill of lading(B/L)空舱费dead freight租船费charterage 租船合同charter-party contract ofaffreightment期租船合同time charter-party; time CP航次租船合同voyage charter-party定期租船合同time charter-party光船租船合同bareboat charter-party;bareboat CP包租运输合同shipping charter-party海上旅客运输合同contract for carriage ofpassengers by sea远洋拖带合同contract of ocean towage港内拖带合同contract of port towage海难救助合同salvage contract海事报告master’s protest;; sea protest海事声明书sea protest海事争议maritime dispute海事法院maritime court;; admiralty court海事诉讼程序maritime proceedings船舶碰撞案件的民事管辖权civiljurisdiction of sea collision船舶碰撞案件的刑事管辖权criminaljurisdiction of sea collision海事争议的审理hearing/trial of maritimedisputes海事诉讼保全措施measures for maritimeattachment海事优先请求权preferential right topmaritime claim海事请求保全申请书application/petitionfor maritime attachment海事诉讼法律文书送达service of legalinstruments in maritime action/proceedings涉外海事诉讼管辖权jurisdiction ofmaritime action involving for elements18 / 19强制变卖被扣押船舶compulsory realization of the distrained ship海事仲裁程序规则rules of maritime arbitration procedure保险法insurance law自愿保险voluntary insurance强制保险compulsory insurance商业保险commercial insurance财产保险property insurance人身保险personal insurance人寿保险life insurance健康保险health insurance意外保险accident insurance社会保险social insurance养老保险endowment insurance医疗保险medical insurance 失业保险unemployment insurance信用保险credit insurance保证保险guaranty insurance保险合同insurance contract保险人insurer; underwriter被保险人the insured受益人benificiary投保人applicant for insurance;; policyholder保险单insurance policy保险标的insurance object保险费premium保险期限time limit of insurance保险利益insurable interest保险金额insurance; insurancecompensation保险事故insurance accident保险赔偿insurance indemnity保险代理人insurance agent保险经纪人insurance broker索赔claim代位索赔claim by subrogation理赔settlement of claim代位求偿权right of subrogation委付abandonment退保cancellation/discharging of insurance19 / 19。

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