福建省福州市长乐高级中学2019-2020学年高一下学期5月复学线上教学诊断性考试化学试题
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三生物月考试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三生物月考试卷及答案解析一、选择题:本题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1. 生命的基本元素包括()A.C、H、O、NB.K、Na、CaC.P和SD.C、H、O、N、P、S2. 下列有关遗传信息的传递和表达的说法,正确的是()A.生物体内都可以进行DNA复制,经过复制才能将遗传信息传递给下一代B.真核生物的转录发生在细胞核中,转录产物为RNAC.生物界的所有遗传密码都是统一的,每个遗传密码都对应1个或多个氨基酸D.遗传信息可以从RNA传递到DNA,该过程称为逆转录3. 下列有关显微镜操作的叙述,正确的有()A.标本染色较深,观察时可选用凹面反光镜和调大光圈B.显微镜的放大倍数是指物像的面积或体积的放大倍数C.若要换用高倍物镜观察,需先升镜筒,以免镜头破坏玻片标本D.显微镜下所成的像是倒立放大的虚像,若在视野中看到细胞质顺时针流动,则实际上细胞质是逆时针流动4. 下图为部分神经兴奋传导通路示意图,相关叙述正确的是()A.①、①或①处必须受到足够强度的刺激才能产生兴奋B.①处产生的兴奋可传导到①和①处,且电位大小相等C.通过结构①,兴奋可以从细胞a传递到细胞b,也能从细胞b传递到细胞aD.细胞外液的变化可以影响①处兴奋的产生,但不影响①处兴奋的传递5. 下图表示被转运的溶质以易化扩散(即协助扩散)方式排出细胞过程,有关分析错误的是()A. 载体蛋白构象发生改变的过程中需要消耗能量B. 载体结合位点与被转运的溶质之间具有专一性C. 人体成熟红细胞以该方式吸收葡萄糖D. 该物质运输速率受图中所示载体蛋白数量的限制6. 某长跑爱好者参加马拉松赛跑进入最后阶段,感觉下肢肌肉抽搐,这是因为随着大量出汗而向体外排出了过量的()A.水B.钠盐C.钙盐D.尿素7. 下图是脾脏局部区域的模式图,①①①①分别表示不同部位的体液,据图判断下列说法正确的是()A.若①中蛋白质含量过高,会导致组织水肿B.血流方向是由乙到甲,则与乙端相比,甲端血液中的营养物质减少、代谢废物增多C.①中含有核糖体、抗体、尿素、乳酸等物质D.①渗透压的大小主要与蛋白质的含量有关8. 芦苇是我国主要的造纸原料,使用下面哪种激素可以使其增产()A. 生长素B. 乙烯C. 赤霉素D. 细胞分裂素9. 在人体肠道内寄生的一种变形虫——痢疾内变形虫,能通过胞吐作用分泌蛋白分解酶,溶解人的肠壁组织,通过胞吞作用“吃掉”肠壁组织细胞,并引发阿米巴痢疾。
福建省福州市长乐高级中学2019-2020学年高一上学期第一次月考化学试化学题(解析版)
福建省福州市长乐高级中学2019-2020学年高一上学期第一次月考试题相对原子质量:H:1 C:12 O:16 Na:23 S :32 Cl:35.5 Zn:65说明:1、本试卷分第I、II两卷,考试时间:60分钟,满分:100分;2、Ⅰ卷的答案用2B铅笔填涂到答题卡上;Ⅱ卷的答案用黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共60分)一、选择题(本题包括20小题,每小题3分,每小题只有一个答案符合题意)1.下列物质中属于纯净物的是()A. 空气B. 石油C. 氢气D. 碳酸钠溶液【答案】C【解析】【详解】A项、空气中含有氧气、氮气、二氧化碳等物质,属于混合物,故A错误;B项、石油是多种有机物和无机物组成的混合物,故B错误;C项、氢气中只有氢气分子,属于纯净物,故C正确;D项、碳酸钠溶液是碳酸钠的水溶液,属于混合物,故D错误;故选C。
2.天然气的主要成分是甲烷,还含有硫化氢、氰化氢等气体。
你认为天然气是()A. 一种纯净物B. 全部由无机化合物组成的混合物C. 全部由有机化合物组成的混合物D. 由无机化合物和有机化合物组成的混合物【答案】D【解析】【详解】A项、天然气是一种多组分的混合气体,主要成分是甲烷,故A错误;B项、天然气的主要成分甲烷为有机物,故B错误;C项、H2S、HCN为无机物,故C错误;D项、天然气是由无机化合物和有机化合物组成的一种多组分的混合气体,故D正确;故选D。
3.下列反应中,不属于无机反应四种基本类型中的任何一种的是()A. 2Na+O2=Na2OB. 2H2O22H2O+O2↑C. Fe2O3+3CO2Fe +3CO2D. NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2O【答案】C【解析】【详解】A项、钠和氧气反应生成氧化钠属于化合反应,故A错误;B项、在二氧化锰作用下,双氧水分解生成水和氧气属于分解反应,故B错误;C项、高温条件下,氧化铁和一氧化碳反应生成铁和二氧化碳的反应不属于无机反应四种基本类型,故C正确;D项、氢氧化钠溶液和盐酸反应生成氯化钠和水属于复分解反应,故D错误;故选C。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三语文月考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三语文月考试题及参考答案一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字,完成下面各题。
材料一:诗词,除了课堂与考试,也可以变成《中国诗词大会》这样的综艺节目,引发全民追捧;二胡,除了街头与舞台,也可以走进直播平台,中央民族乐团二胡首席蔡阳的一次演出,吸引21.5万观众;故宫除了景点与博物馆,也可以化身折扇、玩偶、便签,一年文创产品的销售额达10亿元……传统文化,正抖落历史的尘与土,脚步轻快地跟上了时代。
日前,中办国办印发《国家“十三五”时期文化发展改革规划纲要》,其中提到“厘清中华优秀传统文化的内涵,改造陈旧的表现形式,赋予新的时代内涵和现代表达形式”“普及中华诗词、音乐舞蹈、书法绘画等,举办经典诵读、国学讲堂、文化讲坛、专题展览等活动。
鼓励媒体开办主题专栏、节目。
利用互联网,推动中华优秀传统文化网络传播”。
这为传统文化的开发挖掘指明了道路:既保有传统的魅力,又带着时代的创意。
谈及传统文化,言必及深邃与厚重。
同时,任何一种文化,其生命力也来源于开放性与多义性,来源于多维度阐释的可能。
古语云:“爱如一炬之火,万火引之,其火如故。
”传统文化也是如此,任何人取一星火光,都可收获智慧的启迪。
正如一曲《琵琶行》,在陈寅恪先生的笔下,成就了《元白诗笺证稿》这样的名著;在今天“90后”“00后”的手中,变成了网络上一曲流行歌曲。
正因为可以取之而不竭,文化才能呈现出多元丰富的包容。
季羨林先生留学德国时,选修了一门梵文课,课堂上只有他一个学生,“绝学”的凄凉景象大抵如此。
传统文化要避免“绝学化”,就不能只有“阳春白雪”一种样态,也不妨亲近“下里巴人”。
综艺节目《中国诗词大会》的观众人数累计达到11亿人次,在这些人里,又有多少懵懂少年,喜欢上了诗词?有多少普普通通的人,感受到了诗词的韵味?诗词变身综艺,乐器走进直播,这些传统文化找到了新的落点,也就有了焕发新一轮蓬勃生命力的可能。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Rechargeable Go!☑The digital sound processing chip(芯片) provides clear sound and makes speech easier to understand with less whistling sound☑Never replace batteries again!Full Charge Gives 16 Hours of Use! (Free Charging Station Included)☑Easy On/ Off Button☑Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Canceler☑100% Money Back Guarantee5 Star Reviews☑☑☑☑☑Amazing!"My sisters had all given up hope that our elderly mother would hear us clearly again. And then we took a chance. We're so glad we did. They've been amazing for her, and for our entire family."-Karen M.The new HearClear GO Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids feature advanced digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price! The GO has the same key elements that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out fancy bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. You'll be happier saving much money!Your lightweight GO hearing aids are amazingly convenient! With the GO'S charging station, you won't have to keep replacing tiny hearing aid batteries, and the GO is pre-programmed for most mild to moderate hearing loss-no costly professional adjustments needed.You can spend thousands on an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $ 239 on a hearing aid that's great for most mild to moderate hearing loss (only $ 199 each when you buy a pair). We're so sure you'll be happy with your new hearing aids.1. Which is the feature of the GO?A. It removes noises.B. It has separate on/ off buttons.C. It includes small batteries.D. It focuses on practical functions.2. Why does the author refer to Karen?A. To prove the GO's popularity.B. To explain the GO'S function.C. To convey the family's amazement.D. To show the GO'S high performance.3. How much do you pay for a pair of the GO?A. $ 199.B. $ 239.C. $ 398.D. $ 478.BDisease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosquito-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.Even though DEET remains the most commonly used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed, scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Consumers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.In his lab atIowaStateUniversity, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The first group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, thorough testing will be conducted to determine if they are trulynon-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.4. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?A. The way mosquitoes spread disease.B. The high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.C. The difficulty of fighting disease-carrying mosquitoes.D. The urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.5. What is a disadvantage of DEET?A. It won’t be effective for long.B. It can’t be applied universally.C. It causes discomfort to the users.D. It greatly harms people’s health.6. What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?A. They can kill mosquitoes indirectly.B. They are mainly used in the open air.C. They are more effective on human skin.D. They can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.7. What’s the author’s attitude to the new repellents?A. Subjective.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.CIf you have ever been disappointed because you don’t have a good gardener ,the clever robot may one day become the helper of your indoor plantsThe Hexa Plant is a six-legged robot that has been specially made to care for the potted plant that carries on top of its head .Using light and heats sensors (传感器) the robot has the ability to carry its plant in and out the daylight .If the houseplant needs more sun,the Hexa will walk into the sunlight ;and if the houseplant is getting too hot , the Hexa will go back into the area that blocks direct light The Hexa Plant will even do a little dance when it senses that the plant needs to be watered to warn its owner .The robot was developed by Vincross engineer and founder Sun Tianqi after he saw a dead sunflower sitting in the darkness in a room back in 2014 .” Plants only receive an action without responding ,”SunTianqi wrote in a blog post .” Whether they are being cut ,bitten ,burned or pulled from the earth ,or when they haven’t received enough sunshine ,water ,or are too hot or cold ,they will hold still and take whatever is happening to them .According to Sun Tianqi ,for billions of years ,plants have never experienced movement of any kind ,not eventhe simplest movement .In their whole lives ,they stick to where they were born .Sun Tianqi continued ,” Do they want break their own settings or have a tendency towards this ?I do not know the answer ,but would love to try to share some of this human tendency and technology with plants With the help of the robot ,plants can experience the move”.The Hexa Plant model robots are not for sale ,though Vincross does sell a Hexa robot model .It is said that in the near future the robots can open up a new market to watch over our household plants8. What can we learn about the Hexa Plant?A. It helps people do some gardening .B. It waters the plants through dancingC. It helps indoor plants get proper sunlightD. It carries the potted plant with its hands9. What does the author try to show through Paragraph 3?A. The way plants spend their whole livesB. The common way people deal with plantsC. The difference between plants and humansD. The cause of making the indoor plants’ helper.10. What does Sun Tianqi try do using this technology?A. To develop gardening skills.B. To draw people’s attention plantsC. make plants experience moveD. study the living conditions of plants11. What can be the best title for the text?A. A New Market for robotsB. An Indoor Plants’ HelperC. An Important Development in GardeningD The Tendency of Gardening in the FutureDWhen 36-year-old J Andy Duran decided to return to his favorite high school hobby—skateboarding, the only trouble he expected to have was his own ability to get back on the skateboard after such a long time. However, the 340-pound skateboarder soon realizedthatwas the least of his problems.Duran's problems began before he even stepped on a skateboard. He couldn't find anything for fat skaters. What Duran did find was a belief that plus-size people should not be skating. Determined to do something to change the image(形象) of plus-size people in sports, Duran set up Chub Rollz—a skating and skateboarding community for overweight skaters. He knew that not only did he need to get back into it to prove people wrong, but he needed to create a safe space where others can haverepresentation as well.To encourage plus-size people to take part in the fun sport, Duran created a list of recommended products for fat skaters. He also hosted roller skating and skateboarding classes to teach beginners.After an article about his thoughts in the San Francisco Chronicle, Duran received lots of messages from strangers thanking him for giving them the courage to take up skateboarding. He has also been contacted by some skateboarding brands offering to create larger clothing sizes and beenoffered free equipment by skating organizations like "Skate Like a Giri ".Though encouraged, Duran believes a lot more needs to be done to remove body image stereotypes(刻板印象).“I want to see more changes in communities. Maybe skate shops create a more welcoming environment for all types of skaters. Or boards are made in a variety of strengths and sizes—everyone is making thinner, lighter products, but sometimes we need those heavy-duty choices to stay available," he explains.For those hesitant of taking up their desired activity due to their body size, Duran has this to say:“Be kind to yourself. Just because you don't see it doesn't mean you can't be it.”12. What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 1 refer to?A. The skateboard.B. His hobby.C. His ability.D. The time.13. Why did Duran found Chub Rollz?A. To realize his childhood dream.B. To help plus-size people lose weight.C. To fight for the equal right for fat people.D. To change people's impression of the fat in sports.14. Which word can best describe Duran?A. Generous.B. Inspiring.C. Adaptable.D. Talented.15. Which is most likely Duran's belief?A. Everyone has a gift for sports.B.No one is too fat to enjoy sports.C. Fat people do deserve social concern.D. Skateboarding is most suitable for fat people.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
福建省长乐高级中学2019_2020学年高一化学上学期第一次月考试题
长乐高级中学2019-2020第一学期第一次月考高一化学试卷命题内容:化学1专题1第一、第三单元班级 姓名 座号 成绩相对原子质量:H:1 C:12 O:16 Na:23 S :32 Cl:35.5 Zn:65 说明:1、本试卷分第I 、II 两卷,考试时间:60分钟 满分:100分2、Ⅰ卷的答案用2B 铅笔填涂到答题卡上;Ⅱ卷的答案用黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共60分)一、选择题(本题包括20小题,每小题3分,每小题只有一个答案符合题意) 1.下列物质中属于纯净物的是( )A.空气B. 石油C. 氢气D.碳酸钠溶液2.天然气的主要成分是甲烷,还含有硫化氢、氰化氢等气体。
你认为天然气是( ) A.一种纯净物 B.全部由无机化合物组成的混合物 C.全部由有机化合物组成的混合物 D.由无机化合物和有机化合物组成的混合物3.下列反应中,不属于无机反应四种基本类型中的任何一种的是( ) A.2Na + O 2 = Na 2O B.2H 2O 2 2H 2O + O 2↑C.Fe 2O 3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO 2D.NaOH + HCl = NaCl + H 2O4.下列物质的转化过程中,肯定要发生氧化还原反应的是( ) A.CO →CO 2 B.CO 2→Na 2CO 3 C.CuO →CuCl 2 D.HCl →NaCl5.有关物质的量的相关说法中,下列说法错误的是( ) A. 1mol 硫酸的质量为98g B. 硫酸的摩尔质量为98gC. 若阿伏加德罗常数用N A 表示,则1mol 硫酸中所含的氧原子数为4N AD. 1mol 任何微粒的集体中所含的该微粒数为阿伏加德罗常数个 6.等质量的下列物质中,所含分子个数最多的是( )MnO 2高温A.H2B.O2C.Cl2D.CO27.下列叙述正确的是()A.标准状况下,1mol任何物质的体积约为22.4LB.常温常压下,1mol任何气体的体积约为22.4LC.1mol氖气与1mol氧气的体积相同D.标准状况下,1mol 氖气和氯气的混合气体的体积约为22.4L8. n mol O2与n mol CO相比较,下列说法不正确的是()A.在同温同压下体积相等B.原子数相等C.在标准状况下质量相等D.分子数相等9.下列物质的水溶液能导电,但属于非电解质的是()A.HNO3B.Cl2C.NH4NO3D.SO210. 将6.5g Zn粉与足量的硫酸反应,反应完全后,得到标准状况下的氢气()A.1.12 L B.2.24 L C.3.36 L D.4.48 L11.已知元素A、B的质子数分别是a和b,它们的离子A m+和B n-的核外电子排布相同,则下列关系式中正确的是()A.a=b+m-n B.a=b-m+n C.a=b+m+n D.a=b-m-n12. 下列互为同位素的是()A.O2和O3 B.146C和126C C.CH4和H2O D.金刚石和石墨13. 下列物质所含分子数最多的是()A.标况下4.48L氧气 B.11g二氧化碳气体 C.0.5mol氨气 D.N A个氢分子14.下列物质中,既不属于电解质也不属于非电解质的是()A.NaOHB.C2H5OHC.食盐水D.CaCO315. 下列关于胶体的叙述中不正确的是()A.溶液和胶体都是透明的,浊液是浑浊的B.光线透过溶液和胶体时,胶体发生丁达尔现象C.胶体是纯净物,胶体粒子的直径小于1nmD.胶体粒子具有较大的表面积,有吸附性,因此有些胶体可用来净水U,可作为核反应堆的燃料,该原子的中子数为()16.铀元素的一种原子23592A.92 B.143 C.235 D.32717.在标准状况下,电解36克水,能得到氢气多少升()A. 11.2B. 22.4C.33.6D. 44.818.下列反应中一定属于氧化还原反应的是()A.化合反应B.分解反应C.置换反应D.复分解反应19. 2.16g X2O5中含有0.1mol氧原子,则X2O5的相对分子质量是()A.216 B.32 C.108 D.3120.下列各组物质中,所含分子数一定相同的是()A. 1g H2与8g O2B. 0.1mol HCl与22.4L HeC. 18L H2O与18L CO2D. 28gCO与1molCO2第II卷(非选择题共40分)二、填空题21.(本题9分,每空3分)16gSO2的物质的量为,所含分子个数为,在标准状况下所占的体积约为。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABest Online Bachelor's ProgramsAn online college degree may appeal to those who want to take lasses while working full time. Choosing where to sign up online will likely be challenging, but below you'll find advice and other resources to make your search easier.•ArizonaStateUniversityASU relies upon cutting-edge technology and world-class educators to offer degree programs that fit into any lifestyle. Its courses employ advanced technology, such as our virtual labs, adaptive learning and virtual community, to provide real-world experiences to prepare graduates for their chosen industry.ADMISSION: 15,321TUITION: S413•UniversityofIllinoisUI is a top-ranked, diverse research institution and an approved SARA institution. For UTs degree completion programs, students transfer with an associate degree or 57-60 credits. All of the online classes arc recorded so students can access lecture material at their convenience.ADMISSION: 385TUITION: S462•UniversityofFloridaUF Online is a fully-online degree pathway giving students access to the same teachers in UF. Courses arc designed and taught by UF's well-known teachers. Students feel connected, frequently communicating with teachers and their fellow students.ADMISSION: 3,340TUITION: $500•OhioStateUniversityThe courses of OSU online bachelor's programs are all related to health science. The online programs areflexible providing students with the knowledge to enter professional medical practice or prepare them for more advanced roles in their fields.ADMISSION: 542TUITION: 56421. What's special aboutArizonaStateUniversity?A. It is an approved SARA institution.B. It provides the most expensive programs.C. It offers some technology-assisted courses.D. It admits fewer students than other universities.2. Which university’s, online programs favor medical students?A.ArizonaStateUniversity.B.UniversityofIllinois.C.UniversityofFlorida.D.OhioStateUniversity.3. What's the purpose of this passage?A. To advertise free online programs.B. To call on people to sign up online.C. To introduce some best online programs.D. To provide access to the best universities.BShanghairesidents passing through the city’s eastern Huangpu district in Octobermight have astonished at an unusual sight: a “walking” building. An 85-year-old primary school has been lifted off the ground in its entirety and relocated using new technology named the “walking” machine.In the city’s latest effort to preserve historic structures, engineers used nearly 200 mobile supports under the five-story building. The supports act like robotic legs. They’re split into two groups which in turns rise up and down, imitating the human step. Attached sensors help control how the building moves forward.TheLagenaPrimary School, which weighs 7,600 tons, faced a new challenge — it’s T-shaped, while previously relocated structures were square or rectangular. Experts and technicians met to discuss possibilities and test a number of different technologies before deciding on the “walking machine”.Over the course of 18 days, the building was rotated 21degrees and moved 62 meters away to its new location. The old school building is set to become a center for heritage protection and cultural protection. The project marks the first time this “walking machine” method has been used inShanghaito relocate a historicalbuilding.In recent years,China’s rapid modernization has seen many historic buildingsrazedto clear land for skyscrapers and office buildings. But there has been growing concern about the architectural heritage loss as a result of destruction across the country.Shanghaihas beenChina’s most progressive city when it comes to heritage preservation. The survival of a number of 1930s buildings in the famous Bund district and 19th-century “Shikumen” houses in the repaired Xintiandi neighborhood has offered examples of how to give old buildings new life. The city also has a track record of relocating old buildings. In 2018, the city relocated a 90-year-old building in Hongkou district, which was then considered to beShanghai’s most complex relocation project to date.4. How did the primary school get moved?A. By reducing the weight of it.B. By using movable supports.C. By dividing it into several parts.D. By using robotic legs.5. What does the underlined word “razed” probably mean in Paragraph 5?A. Replaced.B. Burnt.C. Protected.D. Destroyed.6. What can we infer about the heritage preservation inChina?A. The use of advanced technology leads to growing concern.B. Shanghai is the pioneer in preserving architectural heritage.C.A number of old buildings have been given new life.D. Many historic buildings will be relocated.7. What is the passage mainly about?A. New preservation campaigns are launched inChina.B. New technology gives new life to historic buildings.C. A building inShanghai“walks” to a new location.D. “Walking machine” makes heritage protection simpler.CA PhD student inMichigandefended her paper while wearing a skirt madeof rejection letters she received while studying. 29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters — from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences — then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and by the end she designed the item into a skirt and wore it.She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize rejection and take pride in overcoming it. "The whole process of revisiting those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply to a lot of things to succeed," she said. "A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way."Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science atMichiganStateUniversity, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get the grant or the spot in the academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process.As for Caitlin? Her rejections over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture inGermany.Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds? "I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way," she joked heartily, "Maybe I'll make a longer skirt."8. What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters?A. She received 17 rejections in total.B. 29 of her rejections were from journals.C. The rejections were connected into a fan.D. She made some rejection letters into a skirt.9. What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action?A. Favorable.B. Ambiguous.C. Skeptical.D. Opposed.10. Which of the following words can best describe Catlin?A. Creative and considerate.B. Caring and determined.C. Optimistic and humorous.D. Generous and intelligent.11. Which of the following may Caitlin agree with?A. Hard work pays off.B. Education is the entrance to success.C. Self-respect earns more respect.D. One needs to normalize failures.DIf you go into the forest with friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you get lost, this is what you should do. Sit down and stay where you are. Don’t try to find your friends—let them findyou. You can help them find you by staying in one place. There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. You can shout or whistle three times. Stop. Then shout or whistle three times again. Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep up shouting or whistling. Always three times together. When people hear you, they will know that you are not just making a noise for fun. They will let you know that they have heard your signal. They will give you two shouts or two whistles. When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a little house with branches(树枝). Make yourself a bed with leaves and grass.When you need some water, you have to leave your little branch house to look for it. Don’t just walk away. Pick off small branches and drop them as you walk in order to go back again easily. When you are lost, the most important thing to do is to stay in one place.12. If you get lost in the forest, you should _________.A. try to find your friends in no timeB. stay in one place and give signalsC. walk around the forestD. shout as loudly as possible13. Which signal is a call for help?A. Crying twice.B. Shouting here and there.C. Whistling everywhere in the forest.D. Shouting or whistling three times together.14. When you hear two shouts or two whistles, you know that _________.A. someone needs your helpB. something terrible will happenC. people will come to help youD. someone is afraid of an animal15. What’s the meaning of the last paragraph?A. Use branches to make a bed.B. Drop branches to look for water.C. Pick off branches to build another house.D. Leave branches to help you find your way back.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年福建省福州市高一下学期期末考试英语试题
2019—2020学年度福州市高一第二学期期末质量检测英语试卷(本试题卷共10页.全卷满分150分.考试用时120分钟.)注意事项:1、答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置.2、回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时,用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将答案直接写在在答题卡上相对应的区域内,写在试题卷上无效.3、考试结束后,请保留本试卷,将答题卡上交.第一部分听力理解(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选岀最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置,听完每段对话你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍. 例:How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15.B. £ 9.1.C. £ 9.15.答案是C.1. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Friends.B. Classmates.C. Strangers.2. What does the woman say about her job?A. She likes her present job.B She has just changed her job.C. She has just taken a new job.3. What can we learn about the woman?A. She phoned the playhouse.B. She dialed the wrong number.C. She wanted to call Bill Smith.4. What are the two speakers talking about?A. The woman’s father.B. A book about Paris.C. A gift for the woman’s father.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a hotel.B. In a department store.C. In an information office.第二节(共15小题)听下面5段对単或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟;听完后,各题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料,回答第6至7题.6. What’s the most probable relationship between the two speake rs?A. Husband and wife.B. Neighbours.C. Teacher and student.7. What’s the woman’s advice?A. To see what was happening.B. To ask Mr Whitestone for help.C. To go and call the police.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题.8. How many pieces of hand luggage does the man have?A. One.B. Two.C. Four.9. When does the man’s flight leave?A At 7:15. B. At 7:30. C. At 7:50.10. Which gate does the man have to find?A. Gate 13B. B. Gate 13A.C. Gate 30A.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题.11. How many times has the woman had dumplings?A. Once.B. Twice.C. Never.12. What does the man invite the woman to do?A. To attend a party.B. To visit his house.C. To make dumplings.13. What do we know about the man?A. He is a good guide.B. He is good at cooking.C. He has been to Beijing.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题.14. What does the man want the woman to repair?A. The TV set.B. The radio.C. The water pipe.15. What’s wrong with the man behind the bar?A. He doesn’t wash hands when he serves drink.B. He made a lot of noises every morning.C. He smokes when washing glasses.16. Why didn’t the man sleep well at night?A. There was a man singing nextB. Some guys were holding a party next door.C. A couple was making noises next door.17. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Guest and hotel manager.B. Patient and doctor.C. Boss and clerk.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题.18. What’s the job of the speaker?A. A shop manager.B. A director of a play.C. A teacher in a school.19. What does the speaker want the people to write down?A. The time when they can help.B. Their information of contacting.C. When they can do full time job.20. What does the speaker want in particular?A. Two more lighting men.B. To set up the lights.C. To talk about different jo s.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.AThanksgiving is an important festival in North America. We interviewed several students from1. What does Joise say about Thanksgiving?A. It is to thank Americans.B. She can buy presents for friends.C. She can have dinner with the family?D. It is to remember the first European settlers.2. When do Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving?A. At the end of November.B. The day before Christmas.C. On the day of family union.D. The second Monday of October.3. Who feels that Thanksgiving is all about football?A. Ian.B. Josie.C. Todd.D. Katie.4. Where does the person who gives thanks for turkey come from?A. New York.B. California.C. Maritimes.D. Saskatoon.5. What do the four opinions have in common?A. Thanksgiving is a time of thanks.B. Thanksgiving dinner is important.C. Religious celebration is necessary.D. Buying presents for friends is a must.【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. A【解析】这是一篇应用文。
高一下学期5月复学线上教学诊断性考试化学试题
福建省福州市长乐高级中学2020-2021学年高一下学期5月复学线上教学诊断性考试化学试题学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单选题Hf(铪),它的中子数是()1.据报载我国最近合成新的同位素,其中一种是18572A.72 B.113 C.185 D.2572.下列燃料中最理想的燃料是A.煤B.石油C.天然气D.氢气3.下列气态氢化物中,最稳定的是A.NH3B.H2O C.HCl D.HF4.对Na、Mg、Al的有关性质的叙述正确的是A.碱性:NaOH>Mg(OH)2>Al(OH)3B.原子半径:Na<Mg<AlC.离子半径:Na+<Mg2+<Al3+D.单质的还原性:Al>Mg>Na5.如图是元素周期表的一部分,下列说法中正确的是A.最高价氧化物对应水化物酸性:⑤>④B.气态氢化物的稳定性:④>②C.元素①位于第二周期第ⅣA族D.元素的最高正化合价:③=⑤6.下列化合物的电子式书写错误的是( )A.B.C.D.7.下列性质中,可以证明某化合物中一定存在离子键的是A.可溶于水B.有较高的熔点C.水溶液能导电D.熔融状态能导电8.关于氢键,下列说法正确的是A.每一个水分子内含有两个氢键B.冰、水和水蒸气中都存在氢键C.HF的沸点比HI高,是由于HF分子间存在氢键所致D.H2O是一种非常稳定的化合物,这是由于氢键所致9.据报道,最近科学家在宇宙中发现O4分子,则O4和O3属于A.同位素B.同一种物质C.同素异形体D.以上都不是10.下列各组物质中互为同分异构体的是A.1H2、2H2与3H2B.冰与干冰C.金刚石和石墨D.CH3CH2OH与CH3OCH311.属于石墨用途的是①切割玻璃②做润滑剂③做电极④做装饰品A.①②B.②③C.①③D.①④12.共价键、离子键和分子间作用力都是构成物质或分子时粒子间的作用力。
下列物质中,只含有离子键......的是A.干冰B.氯化钠C.氢氧化钠D.碘13.下列物质的晶体中,不是分子晶体的是A.二氧化碳B.氢氧化钠C.水D.硫酸14.反应A(g)+3B(g)⇌2C(g)+2D(g),在四种不同情况下用不同物质表示的反应速率分别如下,其中反应速率最小的是A.v(A)=0.04mol/(L·s)B.v(B)=0.06mol/(L·s)C.v(C)=0.05mol/(L·s)D.v(D)=0.02mol/(L·s)15.用铁片与稀硫酸反应制取氢气时,下列措施不能使氢气生成速率加大的是A.加热B.不用稀硫酸,改用浓硫酸C.滴加少量浓硫酸D.不用铁片,改用铁粉16.对化学反应限度的叙述,错误的是A.任何化学反应都有一定的限度B.化学反应的限度与时间的长短无关C.化学反应的限度是不可改变的D.可逆反应达到限度时,正逆反应速率相等17.一定温度和压强下N2+3H22NH3反应达到平衡后,下列说法中正确的是( )A.N2与H2不再化合,NH3不再分解B.N2、H2化合成NH3的反应速率等于NH3分解的反应速率C.H2、NH3的体积分数相等D.N2、H2、NH3的物质的量浓度相等18.在一定温度下,在恒定容积的密闭容器中进行的可逆反应A2(g)+B2(g)⇌2AB(g)达到化学平衡的标志是A.单位时间内有nmolA2生成的同时就有2nmolAB生成B.反应速率v(A2)=v(B2)=12v(AB)C.容器内的总压强不随时间而变化D.容器内混合气体的密度不随时间而变化19.下列化学反应既属于氧化还原反应又属于吸热反应的是A.铝片和稀盐酸反应B.氢氧化钡晶体和氯化铵反应C.灼热的碳与CO2反应D.甲烷在氧气中燃烧。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATwitter humorist and TV writer Jonny Sun is the author of the 2017 best-sellereveryone'sa aliebn when ur a aliebn too. This time, he recommends some emotionally powerful books.The Book of Delightsby Ross Gay(2019)Gay's collection of 102 short but emotional stories, begun in mid-2016 and written in the order of time over a year in America, focuses on the careful observation of ordinary delights in daily life. The writing is personal and grounded in thoughtful joy.100 Essays I Don't Have Time to Writeby Sarah Ruhl(2014)Seemingly a collection of essays on theater, Ruhl's book feels instead like the playwright's thoughts all of life. Her writing here is deeply personal, sharply argued but also playful. The book is actually a detailed description of the artist herself.They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Usby Hanif Abdurraqib(2017)I am always so moved by Abdurraqib's writing. He combines cultural criticism and personal memory in such a beautiful way, making the two styles naturally bound.Space Struckby Paige Lewis(2019 )This poetry collection awakened emotions in me that I did not know existed, or that I could feel, or that one could ever put words to. Every line is playful, honest, complex, and gentle.If you want to get more books, you can click here:Try more books1. Which book is a collection of short stories of daily happiness?A. The Book of Delights.B. 100 Essays I Don't Have Time to Write.C. They Can't Kill Us Until They Kill Us.D. Space Struck.2. Who is probably a poet?A. Ross Gay.B. Sarah Ruhl.C. Hanif Abduraqib.D. Paige Lewis.3. Where is the text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A brochure.C. A website.D. A magazine.BThe AI research arm of Alibaba created a machine learning model that received a higher score on the Stanford Question Answering Dataset than humans. The database consists of more than 100,000 questions to test reading comprehension.In early January this year the Alibaba AI software machine scored 82.44 on the test while humans scored 82.304. Besides, computers and AI have already defeated humans, for example in games such as chess. However, it seemed that language skills were superior in humans as machines find languages hard to master.A large number of call center employees, often in developing countries, may be out of work soon if the AI robots are cheaper and as effective as human labor. Soon when you phone a company for information the conversation will go like this: “ We are sorry but all our robots are busy right now. We value your call. Please stay on the line until a robot is free to serve you. There are just 12 callers ahead of you.” A robot will serve you some popular tunes while you wait.Si Luo, who is a chief scientist of natural language processing at Alibaba’s AI research group noted that questions such as “What causes rain?” can now be answered with a high degree of accuracy by robots. Si Luo said, “ We believe the foundational technology can be gradually applied to a lot of applications such as customer service, museum tutorials, and online responses to inquiries from patients, freeing human efforts in a new way.”Si Luo’s team is working closely with Ali Xiaomi, a mobile customer service chatbot. Ali Xiaomi can be customized to be used on Alibaba’s platforms such as Taobao and Tmall. The new AI robots could answer consumers’ questions as they did the Stanford questions. The robots would look for the answers from prepared information. However, there are limits to what the system will be able to do. If questions do not have clear-cut answers, or the questions asked are too unclear or ungrammatical, the robot may not be able to deal with them.4. What can we learn about the Alibaba AI software machine?A. It has been tested in some areas.B. It has become popular since January.C. It has offered a special learning style.D. It has made people interested in reading.5. What does the example in paragraph 3 show about the AI robots?A. They should have better language skills.B. They may replace humans in some fields.C. They need to be customized to serve customers.D. They will be widely used in developing countries.6. How does Si Luo feel about the foundational technology?A. Doubtful.B. Worried.C. Curious.D. Confident.7. What can we infer from the lastparagraph about Ali Xiaomi?A. It needs to improve in some ways.B. It is connected with another system.C. It is a platform to show good service.D. It can answer any questions accordingly.CThe outbreak of the novel corona virus pneumonia (NCP) has disrupted the lives and work of nearly every Chinese person. However, a new trend has been on the rise: many have turned themselves into livestreaming users orfollowers.According to Questmobile, a professional big data intelligence services provider in China, the audience for Douyin, Kuaishou and other livestreaming platforms surged to 574 million during the Spring Festival holiday, up 35 percent from 2019.Confined at home, away from their friends and loved ones, people turn to livestreaming to reach out to the world. For them livestreaming can help them share their lives and interest with a global audience, which will give them the sense of being “in the moment”. Even as viewers, they can also engage immediately with livestreamers by commenting and making suggestions.“When I comment on the livestreaming videos, I’m not simply an audience member, but also an active part of the program. That gives me a sense of engagement,” an Internet user named Wang Hao told People’s Daily.Livestreaming is not only for fun, but also a new tool for many businesses. Affected by the pandemic, many businesses had to stop their sales in physical stores. To meet their business goals and survive during these trying times, many chose to livestream to revive their businesses.Joyoung, a leading maker of small kitchen appliances, is a good example. The company not only added a number of broadcasts each day to advertise their products, but also shared the menus that were beneficial to health. “The responses to our livestreaming shows have been well beyond expectations,” Kang Li, who oversees the company’s livestreaming unit, told China daily. “It’s a natural opportunity to truly bond with our followers.”Like it or not, livestreaming is likely to go mainstream in China for both entertainment and business.8. What is the purpose of writing the second paragraph?A. To introduce some popular livestreaming platforms in China.B. To report data on the development of livestreaming in 2019.C. To show that Chinese people spend too much time on livestreaming apps.D. To prove that livestreaming are becoming increasingly popular in China.9. What does Wang Hao think of commenting on livestreaming?A. It is boring to make comments.B. It is the only way to share viewers’ lives.C. It makes people feel involved in the stream.D. It helps livestreamers improve themselves.10. What do paragraphs 5&6 mainly talk about?A. Livestreaming replaced physical stores in many areas.B. Many businesses turned to livestreaming platform for marketing.C. Livestreaming platforms faced challenges during the pandemic.D. Livestreaming platforms made changes to their services.11. How does the author feel about thefuture of livestreaming?A. Positive.B. Uncertain.C. Disappointed.D. Confused.DIt’s a big change from homeless teen to Yale (耶鲁)medical school student, butperseverancepaid off for Chelesa Fearce of Clayton County, Georgia.Fearce was a fourth grader when her mom was diagnosed (诊断) with Lymphoma (淋巴瘤).That began a hard time for the family. They had to move in and out of shelters,hotels and even the family car.“I know I have been made stronger. I was homeless. My family slept on the floor and we were lucky if we got more than one full meal a day. Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was an everyday struggle,” Fearce said in a speech she gave at her high school graduation ceremony. Fearce overcame her day-to-day struggles by focusing on a better day. “I just told myself to keep working, because the future will not be like this anymore. And that helped me get through,” she told WSBTV.Fearce was determined to be a good role model for her younger sister. She found inspiration in her late grandmother, struggling with deadly diseases, who gave Fearce emotional support. In her junior and senior year, Fearce took both high school and college courses, missing out on the free meals she depended on so she could get to her college classes. Despite having to use her cellphone to study after the shelter lights were turned off at night,she not only graduated as valedictorian (毕业生代表) of her 2013 class with a 4.5 grade average, but was also given a ride scholarship—including a meal plan to Spelman College in Atlanta.After graduation, she worked full time for two years at the National Institutes for Health inBethesda,Maryland,doing research on drugs. Last fall, she entered Yale and set a course to earn both a PhD and medical degree.12. What does the underlined word “perseverance” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. instant passion.B. continuous efforts.C. great patience.D. selfless ambitions.13. How did Fearce feel facing the sufferings?A. Sad and disappointed.B. Stressed and defeated.C. Determined and confident.D. Joyous and contented.14. What can we know about Fearce’s learning experience?A. Her grandma encouraged her to study medicine.B. Her high school offered her free meals and courses.C. She failed to study late due to frequent power cut.D. She gained remarkable high school achievement.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. From Homeless to YaleB. Meet American’s Top GirlC. Disabled but not DefeatedD. Chelesa Fearce: A Girl of Many Talents第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语月考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWashington D.C. SightseeingWith the information below, you’re not missing anything in D.C.! Click Here to find the perfect hotel for your stay as well.The Old Town Trolley TourIt offers something for the whole family. Not only will it give them something fun to do, but it will give them a history lesson. This tour will last about three hours and it’s proper for people of all ages.African American History TourBe sure to take this tour because African Americans have had an important role in the making of our country. Take this historical four-hour tour, where you will visit some important sites including Museum of African American History and Culture.Comedy Walks Washington D.C.This is a great experience allowing you to enjoy the capital in a new way. The walking tour lasts for about one hour and thirty minutes, which takes place in less than a mile journey from the starting place.D.C. Twilight TourCheck out the D.C. Twilight Tour for a unique view of some of the most famous sites! What makes this two-hour guided tour truly unique is that you can view many wonderful sites at night time!1.Which tour is recommended to a tourist who is fond of hiking?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour2.Which tour lasts longest?A.The Old Town Trolley TourB.African American History Touredy Walks WashingtonD.C. D.D.C. Twilight Tour3.Where will you read this text most likely?A.In a guidebook.B.In a magazine.C.In a newspaper.D.On the Internet.BNarasimha Das is on his way to feed 169,379 hungry children. Das is in charge of a kitchen in Vrindaban. The town is about a three-hour drive fromIndia’s capital,New Delhi. Das gets to work at 3:00 a.m. Thirty workers are already working to make tens of thousands of rounds of bread. It will be brought to 1,516 schools in and around Vrindaban.A Growing ProblemGoing to school is difficult for more than 13 million children inIndia. They must go to work instead, or go hungry. That’s whyIndiabegan the Mid-Day Meal Scheme, the largest school-lunch program in the world. A free lunch encourages children to come to school and gives them the energy they need for learning. The program began in the 1960s.The kitchen in Vrindaban is run by the Akshaya Patra Foundation. It is one of the lunch program’s biggest partners. “Just $11.50 can feed one child for an entire year,” said Madhu Sridhar, president of the Akshaya Patra Foundation.Lunch Is Served!The Akshaya Patra food truck arrives atGopalgarhPrimary School. Since the program started, the number of underweight children has gone down. The children get foods they need — as long as they finish what’s on their plates.4. What does Narasimha Das do?A. A waiter.B. A salesman.C. A cook.D. A shopkeeper.5. The kitchen in Vrindaban supplies food to ________.A. the poorB. school childrenC. college studentsD. the old6. Why is it difficult for children to go to school inIndia?A. Because they have to work to make money.B. Because there are not enough schools.C. Because there are not enough teachers.D. Because their parents refuse to send them to school.7. Which of the following about the Mid-Day Meal Scheme is NOT true?A. It is to encourage children to go to school.B. It has been carried out for about 50 years.C. It is run by Narasimha Das.D. It is the largest school-lunch program in the world.CThe first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, thefalloutfrom second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for broader society.For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died morethan a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.8. The first two paragraphs suggest that________.A. bad medical outcomes affect doctorsB delivering babies can be difficult workC. some doctors are not very experiencedD. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes9. In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.A. tend to prescribe less effective medicineB. are more concerned about the patients' safetyC. become less confident in writing a prescriptionD. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding10. What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. ResultB. BenefitC. DifferenceD. Absence11. The author will probably agree that________.A. we should not doubt our own decisionsB. our experience will pave way for our futureC. humans are emotional and irrational on the wholeD. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directionsDItaly's fashion capital is gray — not only because of the blocks of stone buildings,but also due to its often-gray sky, which traps pollution. ButMilannow wants to change it.The city has an ambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030 - a move that experts say could offer relief from the city's hot weather. Some projects have already contributed to environmental improvements. Architect Stefano Boeri’s Vertical Forest residential (居民的) tower, completed in 2014, aims to improve not only air quality but the quality of life for Milan residents. Boeri created a smallisland of greenery in the heart ofMilan, filling every balcony with plants that absorb carbon dioxide.“I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today. It is one of the most effective ways we have to fight climate change, because everyone can plant trees, Boeri said.Damiano Di Simine, a member of the environmental group Legambiente , said the greenMilanproject willlower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area. City show thatMilanexperiences 35 hot nights a year. Because the city lies close to theAlps, Milin gets very little wind to lower the city's temperatures. "Planting trees will help this," Di said.TheVerticalForesthas attracted more than 20 species of birds. And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning, even in hot summers. TheVerticalForest's total greenery- can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. The presence of green trees has a very important effect on people's health and psychological state, as has already been proved.12. What change doesMilanplan to make?A. Planting more trees.B. Creating a new fashion style.C. Pulling down more gray stone buildings.D. Doing more surveys to study global wanning.13. What's Boeri's opinion on the city's plan?A. It costs a lot.B. It is unpractical.C. It fails to attract people's attention.D. It is helpful to fight against climate change.14. What is Di Simine's attitude toward the city's plan?A. Doubtful.B. Supportive.C. Disappointed.D. Unconcerned.15. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. Specifics of the city's plan.B. Challenges faced by the city.C. The aim of theVerticalForestproject.D. The positive effect of theVerticalForestproject.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【化学试卷】福建省长乐高级中学2019-2020学年高一上学期第二次小测试题
福建省长乐高级中学2019-2020学年高一上学期第二次小测试题小测范围:物质的分类与转化一、选择题(40分,每小题4分,每小题只有一个正确答案)1.碳酸钠在生产生活中应用广泛,它属于( )A.酸B.碱C.盐D.氧化物2.下列有关物质的分类正确的是( )A.混合物:空气、矿泉水、水银B.碱:Ba(OH)2、Cu2(OH)2CO3、NH3·H2O C.盐:硝酸钠、氯化铵、纯碱D.氧化物:H2O、CO、CH3CH2OH3.下列各组物质中,按酸、碱、盐、碱性氧化物、酸性氧化物的顺序排列正确的是( ) A.盐酸、纯碱、氯酸钾、氧化镁、二氧化硅B.硝酸、烧碱、次氯酸钠、氧化钙、二氧化硫C.碳酸、消石灰、硫酸铵、一氧化碳、三氧化硫D.醋酸、烧碱、生石灰、氧化铁、二氧化碳4.工业上制备高纯度硅的反应为:SiHCl3+H2 Si+3HCl,该反应属于( ) A.置换反应B.分解反应C.化合反应D.复分解反应5.我国古代文献中有许多化学知识的记载,如《淮南万毕术》中提到“曾青得铁则化为铜”,其反应的化学方程式是Fe+CuSO4=FeSO4+Cu,该反应不属于( )A.复分解反应B.置换反应C.氧化还原反应D.有金属参加的反应6.下列反应属于复分解反应的是( )A.Zn+H2SO4 =ZnSO4+H2↑B.Fe2O3+3CO2Fe+3CO2 C.4HNO34NO2↑ + O2↑ + 2H2O D.FeCl3+3NH3•H2O=Fe(OH)3↓+3NH4Cl 7.化学反应4 Fe(OH)2+O2+2H2O=4 Fe(OH)3属于( )A.分解反应B.化合反应C.复分解反应D.置换反应8.下列反应中不属于四种基本反应类型的是( )A.Fe2O3 +3CO2Fe + 3CO2 B.Fe+CuSO4 = FeSO4+Cu2SO3C.CaCO3CaO + CO2↑D.2SO2+O2催化剂加热9.已知元素A、B的质子数分别是a和b,它们的离子A m+和B n-的核外电子排布相同,则下列关系式中正确的是( )A.a=b+m-n B.a=b-m+n C.a=b+m+n D.a=b-m-n10.用如图表示的一些物质或概念间的从属关系中不正确的是( )二、填空题(共60分)11.(每空3分,共18分)有下列物质:①Fe②Na2O ③CO2④Cu(OH)2⑤MgCl2 ⑥NH4Cl⑦H2SO4⑧C2H5OH(酒精)⑨CO ⑩蔗糖(用序号作答)。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt looks like 2017 is shaping up to be a record-breaking year in movie History. Here is a list of some of the year’s biggest blockbusters so far.Kong: Skull IslandA reboot (重启) of King Kong would normally get laughed at in this day and age, but it looks like this modem version of the story will be worth watching. With US actress Brie Larson and UK actor Tom Hiddleston in the mix, this film is set to be this year’s biggest monster tale.Release Date:3/10/17Beauty and the BeastDirector Bill Condon is bringing back a part of our childhood in live action, complete with the songs we all remember and love. With British stars Emma Watson and Dan Stevens leading thecast, the classic Walt Disney story already sounds like it’ll be a delight for both children and adults.Release Date:3/17/17The Fate of the FuriousThere was doubt that we’d even get a Fast 8, especially after the fitting ending US actor Paul Walker’s character was given at the end of Furious 7. Fans thought they’d never see Dom and the rest of the crew back in action, but thankfully, US star Vin Diesel himself confirmed that The Fate of the Furious is fueling up for another go.Release Date:4/14/17Spider-Man: HomecomingSpider Man is heading home to Marvel Studios for the first time. The movie will show us Peter Parker’s high school days, and will continue the threads we saw formed during his initial appearance in Captain America: Civil War. We know that Michael Keaton is playing The Vulture in this story, and that both Happy Hogan and Tony Stark, played by US actors Jon Favreau and Robert Downey Jr., are along for the ride.Release Date:7/7/171.Which of the following movies can’t you see on May Day?A.Kong: Skull Island.B.Beauty and the Beast.C.The Fate of the Furious.D.Spider-Man: Homecoming.2.What can we know about Beauty and the Beast?A.It is fueling up for another go.B.It is produced by Marvel StudiosC.It’ll show us Peter Parker’s school days.D.It’ll be enjoyable for both children and adults.3.What does the underlined word “cast” probably mean?A.Characters.B.Actors.C.Directors.D.Teachers.BDepression(抑郁症)in young adult males, ages 18 or 19, is linked to a 20% greater risk of having a heart attack in middle age, according to a new Swedish study.The link can be partly explained by poorer stress resilience(抗压能力)and lower physical fitness among teens with mental disorders.Theresearch included 238,013 men born between 1958 and 1962 who were given examinations in adolescence(青春期)and were then followed into middle age(up to the age of 58 years). A total of 34,503 men were diagnosed(诊断)with a mental disorder.The study found thata mental disorder in young adulthond was linked to a higher risk of having heart attack by middle age. Compared to men without a mental illness in young adulthood,the risk of heart attack was 20%higher among men with a diagnosis.“We already knew that menwho were physically fit in adolescence seem less likely to keep fitness in later years if they have low stress resilience” said study author Dr. Bergh, “Our research has also shown that low stress resilience is also connected with a greater tendency towards bad behavior, such as higher risks of smoking, drinking and other drug use.”“Better fitness in adolescence is likely to help protect against later heart disease, particularly if people stay fit as they age. Physical activities may also reduce some of the bad effects of stress. Those in poor health could benefit from additional support to encourage exercise and develop plans to deal with stress,” said Bergh.4. How does the author develop paragraph 3?A. By giving examples.B. By listing figures.C. By making a comparison.D. By drawing a conclusion.5. What are men with low stress resilience likely to do?A. Smoke more.B. Eat more.C. Sleep less.D. Do less exercise.6. What will Bergh agree with according to the last paragraph?A. Physical activitiesadd to stress.B. Stress may cause heart disease.C. Taking exercise is unnecessary.D. Staying fit is of great importance.7. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?A. Entertainment.B. Health.C. Education.D. Fashion.CJanet Fein, aged 84, received her bachelor's degree from the University last week, having waited a long time for her chance to reach that goal.Growing up in the Bronx area ofNew York City, Fein worked at a dress manufacturer after graduating early at the age of 16. After getting married, she spent 18 years staying home with her children. She held several jobs through her life, including 20 years as a secretary at a hospital until her retirement at age 77.Fein has had a full life. But even then, she was not ready to take it easy and rest during a well-earned retirement. She decided to major in sociology because she felt it was “substantial.”Fein took part in a state program that lets people who are 65 and older take free classes at public universities in Texasand kept going to class even as her health conditions worsened. During her studies, it became necessary for her to use a walker to get around and she required oxygen. She also developed knee problems. So, Fein took online classes to finish the last part of her degree requirements.Sheila Rollerson, Fein' scollege advisor, and Carol, the professor told the media that Fein never showed signs of giving up even with all of her difficulties. She would speak up a lot in class and it just made for a more interesting class.Fein has also inspired Renee Brown, one of Fein's caregivers. At 53, Renee plans to begin nursing school to further her career. “Renee, you can do it. If I can do it you can do it, and you will feel so good about it,” Brown remembers what Fein told her.8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. Janet Fein's growthB. Janet Fein's aimC. Janet Fein's job experiencesD. Janet Fein's regrets9. What does the underlined phrase “substantial” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. InterestingB. ValuableC. EasyD. Affordable10. What can be learned about Fein according to the passage?A. Fein lived on little money after her retirement.B. Fein had a problem with her arms while at universities.C. The Internet played a role in Fein's university education.D. The good health helped Fein get her bachelor's degree.11. What is Janet Fein like according to the passage?A. Hardworking and humorous.B. Determined and generous.C. Positive and patient.D. Inspiring and perseverant.DOne of the greatest challenges in caring for such intelligent animals as chimpanzees(猩猩)is providing them with enriching experiences. Every day, the chimpanzees at Project Chimps receive morning and evening food-based enrichment devices, but caregivers are always looking for more ways to keep the chimps mentally engaged. With 79 chimpanzees, each with their distinctive personality, care staff often find that different chimps react differently to new enrichment.Last year, we began inviting musicians to perform for chimps to see what they may respond. A violin performance received quite the response. Additional musicians were lined up to visit but the coronavirus has stopped the activities, which we hope toresumein the near future.This past week, we brought an electric piano for the chimps to investigate. Some chimps, like twins Buttercup and Clarisse, were immediately interested and could not wait to tap out a few notes. Others, like Emma, were more interested in trying to take it apart.29- year-old Precious has very little tolerance for the piano. She sat off to the side for a few minutes, but eventually she decided that was enough. She called an end to the enrichment session by throwing a handful of waste at the piano. Receiving her message loud and clear, we removed the piano.We could never have guessed how 33-year-old Luke would react to it. As with many retired lab chimpanzees Luke has some anxiety issues. He seems particularly distrustful of anything new, including people, food, and enrichment. But when we presented the chimps with the piano, Luke was the first to investigate. We could not believe our eyes — this usually anxious chimpanzee bravely chose to explore something new!To us at Project Chimps, this is what it is all about: giving chimpanzees the freedom to choose. We arehonored to be part of their journey.12. Why do chimpanzees respond differently to new enrichment?A. They are of different genders.B. They have natural curiosities.C They are as intelligent as humans. D. They have their unique characters.13. What does the underlined word “resume” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Continue.B. Suspend.C. Monitor.D. Regulate.14. Who showed the least interest in the piano?A. Buttercup and Clarisse.B. Emma.C. Precious.D. Luke.15. What is the text mainly about?A. How caregivers care for the retired chimpanzees.B. What care staff do to enrich chimpanzees' daily life.C. How chimpanzees are trained through various enrichment.D. What Project Chimps does to observe and study wild chimps.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
福建省长乐高级中学2019_2020学年高一数学上学期第一次月考试题
长乐高级中学2019-2020第一学期第一次月考高一数学试卷命题内容:集合与函数概念指数与指数幂运算班级姓名座号成绩说明:1、本试卷分第I、II 两卷,考试时间:60分钟满分:100分2、Ⅰ卷的答案用2B铅笔填涂到答题卡上;Ⅱ卷的答案用黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共50分)一、选择题(本题包括10小题,每小题5分,每小题只有一个答案符合题意)1.集合M={y∈N|y=﹣x2+5,x∈Z}的真子集个数是()A.5 B.6 C.7 D.82.已知集合A={x|x2≤4},B={x|1≤x≤2},则∁A B=()A.{x|x≤﹣2} B.{﹣2,﹣1,0}C.{x|﹣2≤x<1} D.{x|0<x<2}3.“依法纳税是每个公民应尽的义务”,国家征收个人所得税是分段计算的,总收入不超过800元,免征个人所得税,超过800元部分需征税,设全月纳税所得额为x,x=全月总收入﹣800元,税率见下表:级数全月纳税所得额税率1 不超过500元部分5%2 超过500元至2 000元部分10%3 超过2 000元至5 000元部分15%………9 超过10 000元部分45%某人一月份应缴纳此项税款26.78元,则他当月工资总收入介于()A.800~900元B.900~1200元C.1200~1500元D.1500~2600元4.已知,则f(x)的解析式为()A.,且x≠1)B.,且x≠1)C.,且x≠1)D.,且x≠1)5.已知函数21,0()2,0x xf xx x⎧+≤=⎨>⎩,若f(a)=10,则a的值是()A.3或﹣3 B.﹣3或5C.﹣3 D.3或﹣3或5 6.函数f(x)=的定义域为()A.{x|x>0} B.{x|x≥1}C.{x|x≥1或x<0} D.{x|0<x≤1} 7.下列四组函数,表示同一函数的是()A.,g(x)=xB.C.D.f(x)=|x+1|,1,1 ()1,1x xg xx x+≥-⎧=⎨--<-⎩8.已知函数y=x2﹣2x+3在闭区间[0,m]上有最大值3,最小值2,则m的取值范围是()A.[1,+∞)B.[0,2]C.[1,2] D.(﹣∞,2]9.设f(x)是R上的偶函数,且在(0,+∞)上为增函数,若x1>0,且x1+x2<0,则()A.f(x1)>f(x2)B.f(x1)<f(x2)C.f(x1)=f(x2)D.无法比较f(x1)与f(x2)的大小10.定义在R上的偶函数f(x)满足:对任意的x1,x2∈[0,+∞)(x1≠x2),有(x2﹣x1)[f(x2)﹣f(x1)]<0.则()A .f (1)<f (﹣2)<f (3)B .f (3)<f (1)<f (﹣2)C .f (一2)<f (1)<f (3)D .f (3)<f (﹣2)<f (1)第II 卷(非选择题 共50分)二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.把答案填在答题卡的相应位置.11.已知A ={x |x 2+5x ﹣6=0},B ={x |ax ﹣1=0},若A ∪B =A ,则a 的可能值构成的集合 12.化简:510239()()aa a a ÷=g g(用分数指数幂表示).13.一次函数f (x )是减函数,且满足f [f (x )]=4x ﹣1,则f (x )= . 14.已知函数f (x )是定义在R 上的奇函数,且在(﹣∞,0]上为单调增函数.若f (﹣1)=﹣2,则满足f (2x ﹣3)≤2的x 的取值范围是 .三、解答题:本大题共2小题,共30分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤. 15.(12分)(1)求函数y =2x ﹣的值域; (2)求函数y =的值域.16.(18分)已知函数f (x )=|x |•(x +a )(a ∈R )是奇函数. (1)求a 的值;(2)画出函数f (x )的图像;(3)设b>0,根据图像若函数f(x)在区间[﹣b,b]上最大值与最小值的差为b,求b的值.长乐高级中学2019-2020第一学期第一次月考高一数学参考答案一.选择题(共10小题)1.集合M={y∈N|y=﹣x2+5,x∈Z}的真子集个数是()A.5 B.6 C.7 D.8【解答】解:M={y∈N|y=﹣x2+5,x∈Z},∵y∈N,x∈Z,∴y=﹣x2+5≥0,x∈Z∴,x∈Z,因此,当x=±2时,y=1;当x=±1时,y=4;当x=0时,y=5,∴M={1,4,5},则M的真子集的个数是23﹣1=7个.故选:C.2.已知集合A={x|x2≤4},B={x|1≤x≤2},则∁A B=()A.{x|x≤﹣2} B.{﹣2,﹣1,0} C.{x|﹣2≤x<1} D.{x|0<x<2} 【解答】解:A={x|x2≤4}={x|﹣2≤x≤2},则∁A B={x|﹣2≤x<1},故选:C.3.“依法纳税是每个公民应尽的义务”,国家征收个人所得税是分段计算的,总收入不超过800元,免征个人所得税,超过800元部分需征税,设全月纳税所得额为x,x=全月总收入﹣800元,税率见下表:级数全月纳税所得额税率1 不超过500元部分5%2 超过500元至2 000元部分10%3 超过2 000元至5 000元部分15%………9 超过10 000元部分45%某人一月份应缴纳此项税款26.78元,则他当月工资总收入介于()A.800~900元B.900~1200元C.1200~1500元D.1500~2600元【解答】解法一:(估算法)由500×5%=25元,100×10%=10元,故某人当月工资应在1300~1400元之间,故选C.解法二:(逆推验证法)设某人当月工资为1200元或1500元,则其应纳税款分别为400×5%=20(元),500×5%+200×10%=45(元).可排除A、B、D,故答案为C.故选:C.4.已知,则f(x)的解析式为()A.,且x≠1)B.,且x≠1)C.,且x≠1)D.,且x≠1)【解答】解:设=t,(t≠0),则x=,∴f(t)==;∴f(x)的解析式为f(x)=,(x≠0且x≠﹣1);故选:C.5.已知函数y=,若f(a)=10,则a的值是()A.3或﹣3 B.﹣3或5 C.﹣3 D.3或﹣3或5 【解答】解:若a≤0,则f(a)=a2+1=10∴a=﹣3(a=3舍去)若a>0,则f(a)=2a=10∴a=5综上可得,a=5或a=﹣3故选:B.6.函数f(x)=的定义域为()A.{x|x>0} B.{x|x≥1} C.{x|x≥1或x<0} D.{x|0<x≤1} 【解答】解:要使f(x)有意义,则:;解得x≥1;∴f(x)的定义域为{x|x≥1}.故选:B.7.下列四组函数,表示同一函数的是()A.,g(x)=xB.C.D.f(x)=|x+1|,g(x)=【解答】解:对于A,f(x)==|x|,与g(x)=x的对应关系不同,∴不是同一函数;对于B,f(x)=(x≥2或x≤﹣2),与g(x)==(x≥2)的定义域不同,∴不是同一函数;对于C,f(x)=x(x∈R),与g(x)==x(x≠0)的定义域不同,∴不是同一函数;对于D,f(x)=|x+1|=,与g(x)=的定义域相同,对应关系也相同,是同一函数.故选:D.8.已知函数y=x2﹣2x+3在闭区间[0,m]上有最大值3,最小值2,则m的取值范围是()A.[1,+∞)B.[0,2] C.[1,2] D.(﹣∞,2]【解答】解:作出函数f(x)的图象,如图所示,当x=1时,y最小,最小值是2,当x=2时,y=3,函数f(x)=x2﹣2x+3在闭区间[0,m]上上有最大值3,最小值2,则实数m的取值范围是[1,2].故选:C.9.设f(x)是R上的偶函数,且在(0,+∞)上为增函数,若x1>0,且x1+x2<0,则()A.f(x1)>f(x2)B.f(x1)<f(x2)C.f(x1)=f(x2)D.无法比较f(x1)与f(x2)的大小【解答】解:f(x)是R上的偶函数,且在(0,+∞)上为增函数,故f(x)在(﹣∞,0)上单调递减.若x1>0,且x1+x2<0,则x2<﹣x1<0,∴f(x2)>f(﹣x1)=f(x1),故选:B.10.定义在R上的偶函数f(x)满足:对任意的x1,x2∈[0,+∞)(x1≠x2),有(x2﹣x1)[f(x2)﹣f(x1)]<0.则()A.f(1)<f(﹣2)<f(3)B.f(3)<f(1)<f(﹣2)C.f(一2)<f(1)<f(3)D.f(3)<f(﹣2)<f(1)【解答】解:由题意得,对任意的x1,x2∈[0,+∞)(x1≠x2),(x2﹣x1)[f(x2)﹣f(x1)]<0,∴f(x)在[0,+∞)上单调递减,∵f(x)是定义在R上的偶函数,∴f(﹣2)=f(2),∵0<1<2<3,∴f(1)>f(2)>f(3),故选:D.二.填空题(共4小题)11.已知A={x|x2+5x﹣6=0},B={x|ax﹣1=0},若A∪B=A,则a的可能值构成的集合{0,1,﹣}.【解答】解:A={x|x2+5x﹣6=0}={x|x=﹣6或x=1}={1,﹣6};∵A∪B=A,∴B⊆A;当a=0时,B=∅,满足条件;当a≠0时,B≠∅,此时B={},则=1,或=﹣6;则a=1,或a=﹣;∴实数a的值为0,1,﹣.故答案为:.12.化简:510239()()aa a a ÷=g g(用分数指数幂表示). 【解答】解:=====.故答案为:. 13.一次函数f (x )是减函数,且满足f [f (x )]=4x ﹣1,则f (x )= ﹣2x +1 . 【解答】解:由一次函数f (x )是减函数,可设f (x )=kx +b (k <0). 则f [f (x )]=kf (x )+b =k (kx +b )+b =k 2x +kb +b , ∵f [f (x )]=4x ﹣1, ∴解得k =﹣2,b =1 ∴f (x )=﹣2x +1. 故答案为:﹣2x +114.已知函数f (x )是定义在R 上的奇函数,且在(﹣∞,0]上为单调增函数.若f (﹣1)=﹣2,则满足f (2x ﹣3)≤2的x 的取值范围是 (﹣∞,2] .【解答】解:根据题意,函数f (x )是定义在R 上的奇函数,且在(﹣∞,0]上为单调增函数,则在f (x )在[0,+∞)上也是增函数, 故函数f (x )R 上也是增函数;又由f (﹣1)=﹣2,则f (1)=﹣f (﹣1)=2, 则f (2x ﹣3)≤2⇒2x ﹣3≤1, 解可得x ≤2,即不等式的解集为(﹣∞,2];故答案为:(﹣∞,2].三.解答题(共2小题)15.(1)求函数y=2x﹣的值域;(2)求函数y=的值域.【解答】解:(1)设t=(t≥0),则y=,∵t≥0,∴y≥,∴函数y=2x﹣的值域为[,+∞);(2)函数y==3﹣≠3∴函数y=的值域为{y|y∈R且y≠3}.16.16.已知函数f(x)=|x|•(x+a)(a∈R)是奇函数.(1)求a的值;(2)画出函数f(x)的图像;(3)设b>0,根据图像若函数f(x)在区间[﹣b,b]上最大值与最小值的差为b,求b 的值【解答】解:(I)∵函数f(x)=|x|•(x+a)(a∈R)是奇函数∴f(0)=0,∴a=0.(3)函数f(x)=|x|•x(a∈R)在区间[﹣b,b]上增函数,函数f(x)在区间[﹣b,b]上最大值与最小值分别为:b2,﹣b2,∴b2+b2=b.∴b=.。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语三模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABored with your life? Dreaming of something different? I always wonder what life would be like400 kmabove my head. That's where the International Space Station orbits the earth, with six astronauts living and working on board, for months at a time.How do they sleep? They spend the night floating in a sleeping bag inside a small cubicle (小隔间) on the ceiling. American astronaut Sunita Williams explains, “It's like a little phone booth, but it's pretty comfortable and it doesn't matter if I turn overand sleep upside down. I don't have any sensation (感觉) in my head that tells me I'm upside down.”Brushing your teeth in a place where you can't have a tap or a sink can be a challenge. Can you imagine the mess that running water would make in zero gravity? Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield uses a straw to put a big blob of water from a sealed bag onto an ordinary toothbrush and adds a little toothpaste which he has to swallow when he's done.Daily exercise is essential. The lack of gravity makes bones more fragile and muscles lose strength — so astronauts are encouraged to work out for at least two hours a day.The role of astronauts in the International Space Station is to act as lab technicians for scientists back on earth. So they spend their time maintaining their environment and performing and monitoring experiments in a confined space about the size of a Boeing 747. Almost every task is carefully planned by mission control — although most astronauts spend their first days losing things until they get used to sticking everything they use to the walls with Velcro, duct tape (强力胶带) or clips (夹子).One of their most valued perks (额外待遇) is the view from “the office”, dominated by that gigantic blue ball down there, sitting in the darkness of space. Wow! Absolutely breathtaking!1. When they sleep upside down, the astronauts willnot get dizzy because ________.A. they don't feel itB. they sleep in the daytimeC. they sleep in special sleeping bagsD. they are trained to adapt to the conditions of weightlessness2. What parts become weak if astronauts don't exercise?A. Their teeth and bones.B. Their brains and bones.C. Their bones and muscles.D. Their teeth and muscles.3. What is the passage mainly about?A. The Problems We Met in Space.B. Living and Working in Space.C. How to Become an Astronaut.D. The International Space Station.BImaginary friends in childhood refer to the invisible beings that a child gives a personality to and plays with for over three months.Crabbycrab(蟹)appeared on a holiday in Norway by running out of my four-year-old son Fisher's ear after a night of tears from an earache. Like other childhood imaginary friends, Crabby should be a sign thatFisher's mind is growing and developing positively. Indeed, research shows that imaginary friends can help develop children's social skills.Research has shown that the positive effects of having imaginary friends as a child continue into adulthood. Adolescents who remember their imaginary playmates have been found to use more activecoping(应对)styles, such as seeking advice from loved ones rather than bottle things up inside. Even adolescents with behavioral problems who had imaginary friends as children have been found to have better coping skills through the teenage years.Scientists thinkthis could be because these teens have been able to adjust themselves to the social world with imagination rather than choose to be involved in relationships with more difficult classmates. It could also be because the imaginary friends help to reduce these adolescents,loneliness.These teens are also more likely to seek out social connections -they tend to turn to others for advice. Current research by Tori Watson is taking this evidence and looking at how adolescents who have imaginary friends as children deal withbullying(欺凌)at school. It is found that teens who remember their imaginary friends are better at dealing with bullying.While we know a lot about childhood imaginary friends such as Crabby Crab and the positive effects they canhave, there is still a lot to learn about imaginary friends.4. What is Crabby crab?A. It is a crab Fisher caught inNorway.B. It is Fisher's imaginary friend.C. It is a toy Fisher like much.D. It is a cause of earache.5. Why do children with imaginary friends have better coping skills?A. Imaginary friends help improve their adjustment.B. Having imaginary friends makes them smarter.C. They have rich imagination.D. They are no longer alone.6. What will a child with imaginary friends probably do if he is bullied?A. Escape from the bully.B. Fight with the bully bravely.C. Keep silent about being bullied.D. Ask a parent or a teacher for help.7. What is the author's attitude towards the effect of imaginary friends?A. Concerned.B. Doubtful.C. Optimistic.D. Indifferent.CMasks that helped save lives during the Covid-19 pandemic(疫情)are proving a deadly risk for wildlife, with birds and sea creatures trapped in many facial coverings in animal habitats.Single-use masks have been found on the ground, waterways and beaches worldwide since countries required(heir use in public places to slow the pandemic's spread. Worn once, the thin protective materials can take hundreds of years to break down. "Face masks aren't going away any time soon-but when we throw them away, these items can harm the environment and the animals who share our planet," Ashley from anima! rights group PETA said.Monkeys have been found playing with used masks in the hills outsideMalaysia's capitalKuala Lumpur. And in an incident inBritain, a seagull was saved inChelmsfordafter its legs got caught in an abandoned mask for a week.However, the biggest influence is in the water. More than 1.5 billion masks made their way into the world'soceans last year, accounting for around 6200 extra tons of ocean plastic pollution, according to environmental group OceansAsia. “Masks and gloves are particularlyproblematicfor sea creatures," says George Leonard, chief scientist from NGO. "When those plastics break down in the environment, they form smaller and smaller particles (颗粒).Those particles then enter the food chain and influence the entire ecosystem,“ he added.Campaigners have urged people to deal with masks properly after using them. OceansAsia has also called on governments to increase punishment for littering and encourage the use of washable masks.8. What bring(s)a great danger to wildlife now?A. Waste masks.B. Covid-19.C. Polluted water.D. Damaged habitats.9. What does the underlined word “problematic”in paragraph 4 mean?A. Important.B. Attractive.C. Common.D. Troubling.10. What can we infer from the text?A. Monkeys learned to wear masks from humans.B. Plastics are less harmful after becoming particles.C. Used masks have a worse effect on sea creatures.D. Waste masks arc the main ocean plastic pollution.11. How should we solve the problem from the last paragraph?A. Keep masks after they' re used.B. Call on governments to stop littering.C. Punish those who wear single-use masks.D. Put used masks in the recycling box.DSummer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far toooften. According to kidsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.For Bishop Curry, a fifth grader from Mckinney, Texas, one such incident hit close to home. A six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. After hearing about her death, Curry decided that something needed to be done. Young Curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch (草图) of a device he called “Oasis.”The device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. If it reached a certaintemperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. Curry alsodesigns the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology, which would alarm the child’s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.Curry’s father believes that the invention has potential. “The cool thing about Bishop’s thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “We feel like the way he’s thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” His father even introduced the device to Toyota, where he works as an engineer. The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan.In January, Curry’s father launched a campaign for the invention. They hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. Their goal was $20,000, but so many people believed in Oasis’ potential that they have raised more than twice that — over $46,000.Curry’s father remembers the first time he saw his son’s sketch. “I was so proud of him for thinking of a solution,” he said. “We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”12. What inspired Curry to invent Oasis?A. His narrow escape from death after being locked in a car.B. His knowledge of many children’s death because of car heat.C. The death of his neighbor’s baby after being left in a hot car.D. The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident.13. What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child?A. It would inform the parents or even the police.B. It would pump out the hot air in the car.C. It would sound the alarm attached to the car.D. It would get the window open to save the child.14. What does Curry’s father think is cool about Curry’s invention?A. It used some of the most advanced technology.B. It simply combined technologies that existed.C. It could accelerate production of new technology.D. It is the most advanced among similar products.15. Why did Curry’s father start a campaign to raise money?A. To conduct experiments to test the invention.B. To get other children devoted to inventions.C. To support a charity of medical aid for children.D. To get the patent and bring it to production.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年福建省长乐高级中学高三英语下学期期中考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOlder adults who sleep six hours or fewer a night may have elevated risk for dementia(痴呆症) and other cognitive (认知的) issues, a new study finds.Researchers at Stanford University measured seniors' (ages 65 to 85) dementia risk and cognitive abilities, finding higher risk in those patients who regularly slept six or fewer hours compared to those who slept seven or eight hours. Those seniors who slept nine or more hours also had lower cognitive functions and other health issues, but the researchers didn't find the same high dementia risk in this group.The findings demonstrate how important it is for adults to maintain a healthy sleep cycle, especially as they get older.As adults age, it's common for their sleep patterns to change or becomedisrupted— leading to longer, shorter, or more irregular sleep. This disruption may be linked to Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, impacting seniors' ability to remember information, problem-solve, and go through everyday behaviors. Sleep disruption can also be caused by or heighten depression, cardiovascular disease(冠心病), and other conditions.A recommended sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours, the researchers said. Six or fewer hours corresponded to short sleep, while nine or more hours corresponded to long sleep.The Stanford researchers measured levels of beta amyloid, a protein in the brain that is typically found in high levels when a patient develops Alzheimer's. In addition, the researchers used several tests for memory, attention, spatial skills, and executive function to identify patients' cognitive abilities. Those patients sleeping for six hours or fewer a night were more likely to develop dementia, the researchers found. The low-sleep patients had higher levels of beta amyloid.The Stanford researchers found that patients with lower sleep also performed worse on memory tests, while those with higher sleep (more hours) performed worse on executive function tests,which measure the brain's ability to switch between different tasks.―The main takeaway is that it is important to maintain healthy sleep late in life, Winer told CNN.1. What does the underlined word “disrupted” in paragraph 4 mean?A. difficultB. disorderedC. dissolvedD. different2. According to the findings, which of the following is NOT related to the disrupted sleep?A. It is more likely to cause old people to have bad memories over issues.B. It may contribute to dementia, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses.C. Some daily behaviors perhaps differ from those whose sleeping is normal.D It tends to bring all the old people to undergo brain scans and cognitive tests.3. What can we infer from the study?A. A proper sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours.B. Low and high sleep patients were both poor at memory tests.C. Executive function test is applied to measure the capacity of brain.D. Keeping a healthy sleep for older adults late in life is crucial.BSurfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study.The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee's attention.”“People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university's website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher total Internet attention for a day's work, and as a result, increases productivity (生产效率),” he said.According to the study of 300 workers, 70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money on software toblocktheir employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That's not always a good idea.”However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度), or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without.” he said.4. What does the University of Melbourne study mainlyshow?A. People who surf the Internet are good employees.B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.C. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people's life.D. Surfing the Internet for fun at times during office hours increases productivity.5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities?A. Watching videos.B. Reading online news.C. Reading online novels.D. Playing online games.6. The underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.A. stopB. organizeC. protectD. separate7. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.B. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity.C. Most people don't surf the Internet in moderation during office hours.D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.CThree years ago, a group of researchers at Cornell University Food and Brand Lab had a guess. They knew that many apples being served to kids as part of the National School Lunch Program were ending up in the trash, almost untouched. But unlike others, they wondered if the reason was more complicated than simply that the kids didn’t want the fruit.They thought the fact that the apples were being whole, rather than sliced (切片的), was doing the fruit no favor. And they wanted to prove this idea.They carried out a study at eight schools and found that fruit consumption (消费) jumped by more than 60 percent when apples were served sliced. They then made a follow-up study at six other schools, which not only showed the same result, but further supported. The whole apple consumption at schools that served sliced apples reduced by about 50 percent than before.Based on these results, it seems that even the simplest forms of inconvenience can influence us. Sliced apples just make more sense for kids. The hardest part is getting kids to start eating fruit, and that’s exactly why sliced apples are the way to go. A child holding a whole apple has to break the skin, eat around the core (果核), and dealwith the inconvenience of holding a large fruit. These problems might seem silly or unimportant, but they’re important when you’re missing teeth or have braces (牙箍), as so many kids do.Sometimes what seems like a really small inconvenience actually makes a huge difference.8. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A. Lots of apples served to kids were wasted.B. Researcher supported the lunch program.C. Apples are not the only acceptable fruit for kids.D. The lunch program was well worth spreading.9. What did researchers want to prove?A. Kid didn’t want the fruits.B. Kids favored the whole apples.C. Kids preferred to the sliced apples.D. Kid’s eating habits influenced fruit consumption.10. According to the study, we can know________.A. 14 schools served sliced fruitsB. kids have problems eating the whole applesC. eating fruits must be healthy for childrenD. few kids are missing teeth or have braces11. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Form matters more than taste.B. Apples are beneficial to each kid.C. The way fruit is eaten links kids’ growth.D. Inconvenience probably makes a difference.DA single toy catches a child's attention for a limited period of time, but a box of items that allows a child to build their own toys will catch their imagination for years to come. This brilliant idea already exists in real product form, and it's called Toyi.Toyi is described as an eco-friendly creative building kit, and it recently won the well-known IF Design Award. It came from Istanbul, Turkish, where a young female designer named Elif Atmaca first came up with the idea for it when she wanted to help the kids living in disadvantaged areas. These children do not have access to the varietyof interesting toys that wealthier children do.Toyi Atmaca's design allows children to transform what are around them into clever toys. It consists of sticks, junction parts, flexible connectors, toy body parts like feet, eyes, hands, and wheels that can be used to turn old water bottles, cups, boxes, towels, etc. into cute, clever, and unique playthings. This toy kit upcycles(升级利用) materials that would otherwise go to waste, turning a recycling bin into a treasure container.“Our initial target was to deliver Toyi kits to only disadvantaged children in Turkish,” Atmaca told the media. But during a research conducted with around300 children, .she realized that the restriction on being creative went beyond any boundary. “I saw that everything was planned and shaped by grown-ups, blocking the kids' imagination in a significant way,” said Atmaca.Atmaca concluded that each kid needed space where he or she could freely create. She explained the entire process should be left to kids’ creativity, reminding teachers and all grown-ups that child-led play was an excellent way for children to develop lifelong skills.Toyi's creators are now considering distributing the kits to as many children as possible around the world through different international NGOs. Atmaca notes that for each Toyi kit sold out, they will also donate one kit toa disadvantaged child through different partnerships around the world.12. Why did Atmaca design Toyi at first?A. To win the famous IF Design Award.B. To help poor kids make their own toys.C. To protect the environment in Istanbul.D. To recycle all the waste in the dustbin.13. Which is probably the product made with the toy kit of Toyi?A. A new picture of a young boy.B. A computer with high technology.C. A treasure container from a dustbin:D. A six-armed “robot” from a water bottle.14. How do the toy kits help improve the children's ability?A. It provides the kids various types of toys.B. It offers space for the kids’ creative minds.C. It changes the poor kids' living conditions.D. It teaches the kids to share joys with others.15. What is the new target for Atmaca and her partners?A. Donating toykits to more poor children.B. Selling toy kits to every kid in the world.C. Designing new toy kits for kids and adults.D. Doing further research on the kids' demands.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
福建省长乐高级中学2019_2020学年高一语文上学期第一次月考试题
长乐高级中学2019-2020第一学期第一次月考高一语文试卷命题内容:必修一班级姓名座号成绩说明:1、本试卷分第I、II 两卷,考试时间:60分钟满分:100分2、Ⅰ卷的答案用2B铅笔填涂到答题卡上;Ⅱ卷的答案用黑色签字笔填写在答题卡上。
一、选择题。
(各3分,共45分)1.下列词语中加横线的字的读音不正确的一组是()A.彷徨(páng)荡漾(yàng)青荇(xìng)B.颓圮(pǐ)笙箫(shēng)满载(zài)C.寂寥(liǎo)阙秦(jué) 长篙(gāo)D. 浮藻(zǎo)斑斓(lán)忤(wǔ)视2、下列加横线的词语解释有误的一项是()A.看万山红遍,层林尽染像染过一样B.指点江山,激扬文字激浊扬清,抨击恶浊的、褒扬善良的C.鹰击长空,鱼翔浅底水浅的江底D.曾记否,到中流击水,浪遏飞舟?游泳3、下列加横线词解释有错误的一项是()A 秦王必悦见臣(动词,接见)图穷而匕首见(动词,显露)B 共其乏困(代词,指代使者)失其所与,不知(连词,表假设,译为“如果”)C 子亦有不利焉(表陈述语气)焉用亡郑以陪邻(疑问代词,何)D 不得持尺兵(兵器)秦兵旦暮渡易水(军队)4、下列句中加横线的词在句中的意义与现代汉语相同的一项是()A.行李之往来,共其乏困 B.吾每念,常痛于骨髓C.微夫人之力不及此 D.樊将军以穷困来归丹5、下列句子中,加横线的活用形式与“发尽上指冠”中的“上”不相同的一项是A进兵北略地 B函封之 C沛公军霸上 D 夜缒而出6、下列句子属状语后置的一句是()A夫晋,何厌之有 B而燕国见陵之耻除矣C太子及宾客知其事者 D以其无礼于晋7、下列各组中加横线词活用情况不完全相同的一项是()A 烛之武退秦师使使以闻大王B发尽上指冠箕踞以骂曰C太子迟之其人居远未来D晋军函陵又前而为歌8、下列句式不同于其他三句的一项是()A此臣之日夜切齿拊心也 B今日往而不反者,竖子也!C父母宗族皆为戮没 D是寡人之过也9、下列句子不含通假字的一项是 ( )A.今日往而不反者 B.秦王必说见臣C.父母宗族皆为戮没 D.卒起不意10、与“以其无礼于晋”中“以”字意义用法相同的一项是:()A.樊将军以穷困来归丹 B.若舍郑以为东道主 C.敢以烦执事 D.以次进11、下列句子在文中的意思正确的一项是()A.晋军函陵。
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福建省福州市长乐高级中学2019-2020学年高一下学期5月复学线上教学诊断性考试化学试题
学校_________ 班级__________ 姓名__________ 学号__________
一、单选题
1. 据报载我国最近合成新的同位素,其中一种是Hf(铪),它的中子数是()
A.72 B.113 C.185 D.257
2. 下列燃料中最理想的燃料是
A.煤B.石油C.天然气D.氢气
3. 下列气态氢化物中,最稳定的是
A.NH
3B.H
2
O C.HCl D.HF
4. 对Na、Mg、Al的有关性质的叙述正确的是
A.碱性:NaOH>Mg(OH)
2>Al(OH)
3
B.原子半径:Na<Mg<Al
C.离子半径:Na+<Mg2+<Al3+D.单质的还原性:Al>Mg>Na 5. 如图是元素周期表的一部分,下列说法中正确的是
A.最高价氧化物对应水化物酸性:⑤>④
B.气态氢化物的稳定性:④>②
C.元素①位于第二周期第ⅣA族
D.元素的最高正化合价:③=⑤
6. 下列化合物的电子式书写错误的是( )
A.B.C.D.
7. 下列性质中,可以证明某化合物中一定存在离子键的是A.可溶于水B.有较高的熔点C.水溶液能导电D.熔融状态能导电
8. 关于氢键,下列说法正确的是
A.每一个水分子内含有两个氢键
B.冰、水和水蒸气中都存在氢键
C.HF的沸点比HI高,是由于HF分子间存在氢键所致D.H
2
O是一种非常稳定的化合物,这是由于氢键所致
9. 据报道,最近科学家在宇宙中发现O
4分子,则O
4
和O
3
属于
A.同位素B.同一种物质C.同素异形体D.以上都不是10. 下列各组物质中互为同分异构体的是
A.1H
2、2H
2
与3H
2
B.冰与干冰C.金刚石和石墨
D.CH
3
CH
2
OH与
CH
3
OCH
3
11. 属于石墨用途的是①切割玻璃②做润滑剂③做电极④做装饰品
A.①②B.②③C.①③D.①④
12. 共价键、离子键和分子间作用力都是构成物质或分子时粒子间的作用力。
下列物质中,只含有离子键的是
A.干冰B.氯化钠C.氢氧化钠D.碘
13. 下列物质的晶体中,不是分子晶体的是
A.二氧化碳B.氢氧化钠C.水D.硫酸
14. 反应A(g)+3B(g)?2C(g)+2D(g),在四种不同情况下用不同物质表示的反应速率分别如下,其中反应速率最小的是
A.v(A)=0.04mol/(L·s)B.v(B)=0.06mol/(L·s)
C.v(C)=0.05mol/(L·s)D.v(D)=0.02mol/(L·s)
15. 用铁片与稀硫酸反应制取氢气时,下列措施不能使氢气生成速率加大的是A.加热B.不用稀硫酸,改用浓硫酸
C.滴加少量浓硫酸D.不用铁片,改用铁粉
16. 对化学反应限度的叙述,错误的是
A.任何化学反应都有一定的限度B.化学反应的限度与时间的长短无关
C.化学反应的限度是不可改变的D.可逆反应达到限度时,正逆反应速率相等
17. 一定温度和压强下N
2+3H
2
2NH
3
反应达到平衡后,下列说法中正确的是
( )
A.N
2与H
2
不再化合,NH
3
不再分解
B.N
2、H
2
化合成NH
3
的反应速率等于NH
3
分解的反应速率
C.H
2、NH
3
的体积分数相等
D.N
2、H
2
、NH
3
的物质的量浓度相等
18. 在一定温度下,在恒定容积的密闭容器中进行的可逆反应
A 2(g)+B
2
(g)?2AB(g)达到化学平衡的标志是
A.单位时间内有nmolA
2
生成的同时就有2nmolAB生成
B.反应速率v(A2)=v(B2)=v(AB)
C.容器内的总压强不随时间而变化
D.容器内混合气体的密度不随时间而变化
19. 下列化学反应既属于氧化还原反应又属于吸热反应的是
A.铝片和稀盐酸反应B.氢氧化钡晶体和氯化铵反应
C.灼热的碳与CO
2
反应D.甲烷在氧气中燃烧。
20. 下列热化学方程式书写正确的是
A.H
2(g)+O
2
(g)=H
2
O(l)△H=-285.8kJ/mol
B.2SO
2+O
2
?2SO
3
△H=-196.6kJ/mol
C.2H
2(g)+O
2
(g)=2H
2
O(l)△H=-571.6kJ
D.C(s)+O
2(g)=CO
2
(g)△H=+393.5kJ/mol
21. 钢铁在某酸雨区的潮湿空气中发生电化学腐蚀,其负极上的反应是
A.O
2+2H
2
O+4e-=4OH-B.2H++2e-=H
2
↑
C.Fe-2e-=Fe2+D.4OH--4e-=2H
2O+O
2
↑
22. 如图是电解CuCl
溶液的装置,其中c、d为石墨电极。
则下列有关判断正
2
确的是
A.a为负极,b为阴极
B.c极发生还原反应,d极发生氧化反应
C.电解过程中,d电极质量增加
D.氯离子向d极移动
溶液为电解质溶液进行粗铜(含Al、Zn、Ag、Pt、Au等杂质)的电23. 以CuSO
4
解精炼,下列说法正确的是
A.电能全部转化为化学能
B.粗铜接电源正极,发生还原反应
C.溶液中Cu2+向阳极移动
D.利用阳极泥可回收Ag、Pt、Au等金属
二、填空题
实例影响速率的因素
夏天食物易变质
硫在氧气中比在空气中燃烧快
粉状的碳酸钙与盐酸反应比块状的碳酸钙
反应快
氯酸钾与二氧化锰混合共热可快速产生氧
气
工业合成氨通常在高压下进行
三、结构与性质
25. 下表是元素周期表的一部分,按要求填空(填元素符号或化学式):
族
周期
IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA 0
2 ①②
3 ③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨
(2)在这些元素中,最活泼的金属元素是___,最不活泼的元素是___。
(3)在这些元素的最高价氧化物对应水化物中,酸性最强的是___,碱性最强的是___,呈两性的氢氧化物是___。
(4)写出③和⑧的单质反应产物的电子式___。
(5)C在周期表中的位置:第___周期___族,它与氧气完全燃烧的产物的电子式___。
(6)在③与④的单质中,化学性质较活泼的是___,判断的实验依据是___。
四、填空题
实验序号金属质
量/g
金属
状态
c(H
2
SO
4
)mol/L V(H
2
SO
4
)mL
溶液温度/℃金属消
失的时
间/s
反应
前
反应后
1 0.10 丝0.7 50 20 36 250
2 0.10 丝0.8 50 20 35 200
3 0.10 丝 1.0 50 20 35 125
4 0.10 丝 1.0 50 3
5 50 50
5 0.10 粉末 1.0 50 20 35 80
分析上述数据,回答下列问题:
(1)上述反应中,反应物的总能量比生成物的总能量___________(选填“高”、“低”或“相等”)。
属___________反应(选填“放热”或“吸热”)
(2)实验1、2可得出的结论是___________;
实验3、4可得出的结论是___________,实验3、5可得出的结论是
___________。
五、结构与性质
27. 根据如图所示电化学实验装置图,回答有关问题。
(1)若只闭合S
1
,该装置属于_______,能量转化形式为_______,锌极作
_______极。
(2)若只闭合S
2
,该装置属于_______,能量转化形式为_______,锌极上的电极反应式为_______。
(3)若只闭合S
3
,该装置属于_______,铜极作_______极,锌极上的电极反应式为_______,总反应的化学方程式为_______。
六、计算题
28. 向体积为2L的密闭容器中加入2molSO
2和1molO
2
,进行可逆反应:
2SO
2+O
2
?2SO
3
反应2min时,测得O
2
的物质的量为0.8mol。
(1)2min内,SO
2的物质的量减少了___________,SO
3
的物质的量增加了
___________;
(2)若用O
2的浓度变化来表示该反应的反应速率,则v(O
2
)=___________;
(3)若用SO
3的浓度变化来表示该反应的反应速率,则v(SO
3
)
=___________;
(4)2min时SO
2
的浓度是___________。