2020高考英语易错题、难题、好题
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词引导的定语从句（要点精讲）一、基本用法关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when、where和why分别表示时间、地点和原因。
1. when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
I still remember the day when I first came to this school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。
October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 我十年前住的房子已经被拆掉了。
I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised. 我参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。
★当先行词为抽象名词时，where引导定语从句的特殊用法。
该类抽象名词有：case（情况）/ condition（状况）/ point（阶段）/ position（处境）/ situation（情形）/ occasion（场合）/ circumstances（境况）/ scene（情景，场面）等。
例如：I can think of many cases where students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.we’re just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes where people were eaten by the tiger.I’ll give you my friend’s home address, where I can be reached most evenings.3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
2020年高考英语易错语法试题及解析 1动词不定式2动名词3分词4定语从句5名词从句6状语从句
动词不定式一、单句填空1.______(stay)warm at night,I would fill the wood stove,then set myalarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.2.I stopped the car______(take)a short break as I was feeling tired.3.Let those in need______(understand)that we will go all out to helpthem.4.The airport______(complete)next year will help promote tourism inthis area.5.They might just have a place______(leave)on the writing course—whydon’t you give it a try?6.The engine just won’t start.Something seems______(go)wrong with it.7.The old man sat in front of the television every evening,happy______(watch)anything that happened to be on.8.I remembered______(lock)the door before I left the office,but forgotto turn off the lights.9.We’re having a meeting in half an hour.The decision______(make)atthe meeting will influence the future of our company.10.If he takes on this work,he will have no choice but______(meet)aneven greater challenge.11.George returned after the war,only______(tell)that his wife had lefthim.12.We’ve had a good start,but next,more work needs______(do)toachieve the final success.13.Having finished her project,she was invited by the school______(speak)to the new students.14.This machine is very easy______(operate).Anybody can learn to use itin a few minutes.15.Tom took a taxi to the airport,only______(find)his plane high up in the sky.答案解析1.To stay考查不定式做目的状语2.to take考查不定式做目的状语3.understand考查动词不定式作使役动词的宾语省略（主动语态中）4.to be completed考查不定式的将来式作后置定语5.to leave考查不定式作后置定语6.to have gone考查不定式的完成式作表语7.to watch考查不定式作状语be+adj.+to do结构8.to lock考查不定式作宾语，表示未发生的动作remember to do记得做某事（尚未做）9.to be made考查不定式的被动式作后置定语10.to meet考查不定式作介词but except的宾语，前面无实义动词需要加to11.to be told考查不定式作结果状语，与only连用表示意外的结果12.to be done（or doing）考查不定式作宾语，need to be done=need doing13.to speak考查不定式作主语补足语，invite sb.to do的被动结构14.to operate考查不定式作状语15.to find考查不定式作结果状语，与only连用表示意外的结果二、语法填空Mbappe,who was born on20December1998,is technically still on loan at Paris St-Germain from Monaco but___21___(expect)to join the French champions for180m euros(£165.7m)as the second___22___(expensive) player of all time.Only the200meuros(£177m)PSG paid for Brazil forward Neymar in2017surpasses that fee.It is not just searing pace Mbappe is blessedwith but sublime skill,quick thinking,two clever feet,a cool head,bravery, belief and a brutal eye forgoal.His two finishes were predatory,low and powerful.What’s more，He is fast.This requires some clarification:most professional soccer players are fast,in the sense___23___they move more quickly than the average person.Some are fast in a more impressive sense,in that they move more quickly than the average professional soccer player.It was an incredible performance from a centre forward___24___has the lot: blistering pace,goals,touch and technique."At19,to put in a performance like that,___25___millions watching and Messi at the other end,it was simply brilliant."Mbappe,from the suburbs of Paris,only___26___his international debut last year.His rise to the top has been dizzying___27___he burst on to the scene in the2016-17season, ___28___(score)26goals in44games as Monaco reached the Champions League semi-finals and won Ligue1.His two goals here utterly wiped out Argentina's gathering momentum and announced his supreme talent to the world.Not since1958,when the legendary Brazilian Pele,then17,found the net twice against Sweden in the final,has a teenager scored twice in a World Cup game."I'm very happy,and it's flattering___29___(compare)to a great player like Pele but he's in another category,"Mbappe said."Still,it's great to join the list of players that___30___(achieve)such feats."答案解析21.is expected考查一般现在时的被动22.most expensive考查形容词的最高级23.that考查同位语从句24.who/that考查定语从句25.with考查介词26.made考查过去分词做后置定语27.since考查时间状语从句28.scoring考查现在分词作伴随状语29.to be compared考查动词不定式的被动30.have achieved考查现在完成时翻译：姆巴佩（Mbappe）于1998年12月20日出生，技术上仍然在摩纳哥的巴黎圣日耳曼租借，但预计将以1.8亿欧元（1.657亿英镑）的身份加盟法国队，成为有史以来第二贵的球员。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 as与which引导非限制定语从句
as与which引导非限制定语从句（要点精讲）一、as引导非限制性定语从句as引导非限制性定语从句，代替整个主句，对其进行说明，但通常用于像as we all know，as it is known，as is know to all，as it is，as is said above，as always mentioned above，as is usual，as is often the case，as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。
as在非限制性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引出的从句位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中间。
通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。
as有“正如……，就像……”之意。
如：The gentleman put on a hat when leaving his house, as was usual in those days.在那些天里，那位绅士就像往常一样在离开家时带上一顶帽子。
（as在从句中作主语）He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case.他忘了带笔，这是常事。
(as在从句中作主语)He is absorbed in work, as he often was.他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。
(as在从句中作表语)As we all know, the earth is round. 众所周知，地球是圆的。
(as在从句中作宾语)The two brothers were satisfied with this decision, as was agreed beforehand.两兄弟都对此项决定满意，这项决定事先已达成一致。
(as在从句中作主语)注意：as引导限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：1．as引导限制性定语从句常用于下列句型中，在从句中担当主语、宾语或表语。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 独立主格结构
独立主格结构(要点精讲)一、总述1．什么是独立主格结构？短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。
当句子的主语不能够作这些短语的逻辑主语时就需要给它们加上一个逻辑主语（名词或代词），这种“名词、代词＋短语”的结构就叫做独立主格结构。
如：The rain beginning to fall, we took a taxi.雨开始下了，我们坐出租车。
She ran to me, her hair flying in the wind. 她向我跑来，秀发在风中飘扬。
2．功能独立主格结构在句子中作状语，相当于一个状语从句，表示时间、条件、原因、方式或补充说明等。
这类结构多用于书面语中。
如：(1)作时间状语Everyone being ready, the teacher began his class.=When everyone was ready, the teacher began his class.每个人都准备好后，老师开始上课。
(2)作条件状语Weather permitting, we will go swimming tomorrow.=If weather permits, we will go swimming tomorrow.如果天气允许，我们明天会去游泳。
(3)作原因状语The boy being late, his teacher was very angry.=As the boy was late, his teacher was very angry.因为这个男孩迟到了，他的老师非常生气。
(4)作伴随状语The boy lay on the grass, his eyes looking at the sky.=The boy lay on the grass, and his eyes were looking at the sky.那个男孩躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦以否定词开头的倒装句
以否定词开头的倒装句（要点精讲）1.以not, never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, few, nowhere, rarely 等开头的句子中，采用部分倒装。
如：Little did he say at the meeting.Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.注意：如不放在句首就不要倒装。
试比较：Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.2.以否定意义的词组放在句首时，应采用部分倒装。
常用的有：not a bit（一点也不），not until （直至U 才），hardly （scarcely）…when / no sooner…than （一.就），at no time （从不），by no means （绝不），in no case （绝不），in vain （无效，没有用），on no condition （绝不），not once （从不，从没），no longer （不再），not only...but also （不仅而且），neither...nor （既不.. 也不），in no way （绝不）等。
Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.Hardly had she gone out than a student came to visit her.Not until then did he realize how foolish he was.No sooner had she gone than the accident happened.I,ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means is the teacher satisfied with my progress.注意：（1）not only.but also…“不仅. 而且”，not only位于句首时所在句子要倒装，而but also引导的句子用正常语序。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 whose引导的定语从句
小议whose引导的定语从句（要点精讲）whose引导的定语从句是语法重点，也是高考中经常考查的语法内容之一。
要学好whose引导的定语从句的用法，应注意以下方面。
一、whose为who的所有格，作“某（些）人的……”解，它所指代的先行词必须是人，其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词，同时它本身在从句中作定语。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. 这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
Mr. Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 刘老师要跟那些没交家庭作业的学生谈话。
二、whose也可作which的所有格，作”某（些）物的……“解，它所指代的先行词必须是物，其语法功能同上。
The company whose name was Notco was in Australia. 那个名叫诺特可的公司设在澳大利亚。
We live in a house whose windows open to the south. 我们居住在一所窗户朝南开的房子里。
三、whose可修饰定语从句中的主语、宾语、介词宾语等不同成分。
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. 金先生的腿受了重伤，很快就被送往医院。
（whose修饰定语从句中的主语legs）We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, whose story I've just told you. 关于金女士的情况，我刚才已经告诉你们了，我们得对她的事情作出决定。
（whose修饰定语从句中的宾语story）四、whose 在定语从句中，有“所属”含义，其本身就是一个限定词，相当于one’s（如my，his，her，its，our，your，their等），故不可再与其它限定词并列使用。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 集体名词的主谓一致
集体名词的主谓一致（要点精讲）一、常见的集体名词1．family型family(家庭)，team(队)，class(班)，audience(听众)，staff(职员)等，这类集体名词组成的每个成员都有各自的意识。
其用法特点为：若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考虑其个体成员，表示复数意义。
比较：This class consists of 45 pupils.这个班由45个学生组成。
（强调班级整体）This class are studying English now.这个班的学生现在正在学英语。
（强调班里的每个学生）My family have all gone back to Australia.我的家人全部都返回澳大利亚了。
（强调家庭里的每个成员）His family is large.他家是个大家庭。
（强调家庭整体）The audience was small.观众群很小。
（强调观众是一个整体）The audience were all satisfied.观众们都很满意。
（强调每个观众）The committee consists of five persons.该委员会由五人组成。
（强调委员会整体）The committee are all present at table.该委员会的所有成员都列席在桌旁。
（强调委员会的每个成员）2．police型cattle(牛，牲畜)，people(人)，police(警察)等，这类集体名词构成的成员都是由同一个要素组成，cattle的成员是“牛”，people的成员是“人”，police的成员是“警察”。
其用法特点为：只有单数形式，但却表示复数意义，用作主语时谓语用复数；不与a(n)连用，但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。
如：Seven people were injured. 七个人受了伤。
The police are looking for him. 警察正在找他。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 认识含蓄虚拟语气
认识含蓄虚拟语气一、要点精讲含蓄条件句：假设的条件有时不以if从句表示，而是通过介词短语或通过上下文表示，这样的虚拟语气的句子叫含蓄条件句。
1. 将条件隐含在不定式短语中It would look rude to refuse their invitation.=It would look rude if we refused their invitation.拒绝他们的邀请会显得很无礼。
To have studied harder, you would have passed the examination.=If you had studied harder, you would have passed the examination.你学习更用功些，你早就考及格了。
2. 将条件隐含在分词短语中Born in better times, he would have been a scholar.=If he had been born in better times, he would have been a scholar.如果出生在好时代，他早就成为学者了。
Failing this time, what would you do？=If you failed this time, what would you do？假若这次失败，那你怎么办？Walking alone in the dark, Mary would be terrified.=If Mary walked alone in the dark, she would be terrified.一个人单独在黑暗中行走，玛丽会感到十分害怕。
3. 将条件隐含在介词短语中But for your help，we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment.=If it hadn’t been for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。
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易错题、难题、好题档案1. By the time you arrive in London, we _____ in Europe for two weeks.A. shall stayB. have stayedC. will have stayedD. have been staying2. I appreciated ____ the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.A. having been givenB. having givenC. to have been givenD. to have given3. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _____ obtaining water is not the least.A. of whichB. for whatC. asD. whose4. The heart is ____ intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.A. not soB. not muchC. much more d. no more5. _____ the fact that his initial(开始的)experiments had failed, Pro. White persisted (坚持) in his research.A. Because ofB. As toC. In spite ofD. In views of6. The millions of calculations(计算) involved, had they been don't by hand, _____ all practical value by the time they were finished.A. could loseB. would have lostC. might loseD. ought to have lost7. No bread eaten by man is so sweet as _____ earned by his own labour.A. oneB. thatC. suchD. what8. It isn't cold enough for there _____ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim's car out quite safely.A. would beB. beingC. wasD. to be9. Tom assured (向……保证) his boss that he would _____ all his energies in doing this new job.A. call forthB. call atC. call onD. call off10. More than two hundred years ago the United States _____ from the British Empire and became an independent country.A. got offB. pulled downC. broke awayD. dropped off11. As your instructor(教师) advised, you ought to spend your time on something ____ researching into.A. preciousB. worthC. worthyD. valuable12. Without the friction (摩擦力) between feet and the ground, people would ____ be able to walk. A. in no time B. by all means C. in no way D. on any account13. We are taught that a business letter should be written in a formal style _____ in a personal one.A. rather thanB. other thanC. better thanD. less than14. ______ is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production.A. WhatB. ThatC. ItD. As15. John complained to the bookseller that there were several pages ____ in the dictionary.A. missingB. losingC. droppingD. leaking16. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often ____ or better than an actual performance.A. as good asB. as goodC. goodD. good as17. The article opens and closes with descriptions of two news reports, each _____ one major point in contrast with (和……相比) the other.A. makesB. madeC. is to makeD. making18. The number of registered participants in this year's marathon was half _____.A. of last year'sB. those of last year'sC. of those of last year.D. that of last year's19. I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were _____.A. hung upB. hung backC. cut downD. cut off20. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend ____ here so that she could learn more about the city.A. sometimesB. some timeC. sometimeD. some times.21. Christmas is a Christian holy day usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of Jesus Christ.A. in accordance withB. in terms ofC. in favor ofD. in honor of22. The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds(基金,资金), ____could go penniless by next year.A. the larger oneB. the larger of whichC. the largest oneD. the largest of which23. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ____ fully occupied the whole of last week.A. wereB. had beenC. have beenD. was24. When workers are organized in trade unions, employers find it hard to lay them _____.A. offB. asideC. outD. down25. I can't _____ what has happened to the vegetables, for they were freshly picked this morning.A. figure outB. draw outC. look outD. work out.26. I worked so late in the office last night that I hardly had time ____ the last bus.A. to have caughtB. to catchC. catchingD. having caught27. As it turned out to be a small house party, we ____ so formally(正式地).A. needn't dress upB. did not need have dressed upC. did not need dress upD. needn't have dressed up28. I apologize if I ____ you, but I assure you it was unintentional(无意的).A. offend(冒犯)B. had offendedC. should have offendedD. might have offended.29. Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about ____ compliments to his political leaders.A. payingB. having paidC. to payD. to have paid30. Although a teenager, Fred could resist _____ what to do and what not to do.A. to be toldB. having been toldC. being toldD. to have been told31. _____ for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving(兴旺的) as it is.A. Had it not beenB. Were it notC. Be it notD. Should it not be32. There were many people present and he appeared only for a few seconds,so I only caught a _____ of him.A. glanceB. glimpseC. lookD. sight33. I'm very glad to know that my boss has generously agreed to _____ my debt in return for certain services.A. take awayB. cut outC. write offD. clear up34. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills ___ people each year than automobile accidents.A. seven more timesB. seven times moreC. over seven timesD. seven times35. This is an exciting area of study, and one ____ which new applications are being discovered almost daily.A. fromB. byC. inD. through36. As I'll be away for at least a year, I'd appreciate ____ from you now and thentelling me how everyone is getting along.A hearing B. to hear C. to be hearing D. having heard37. Greatly agitated(激动的), I rushed to the apartment and tried the, ____ to find it locked.A. justB. onlyC. henceD. thus38. If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I ___ my head in my hands for a cry.A. buryB. am buryingC. buriedD. would bury39. According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one ____ wait instead of searching for it.A. would ratherB. had toC. cannot butD. had best40. So involved with their computers _____ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.A. became the childrenB. become the childrenC. had the children becomeD. do the children become41. One of the requirements for a fire is that the material ____ to its burning temperature.A. is heatedB. will be heatedC. be heatedD. would be heated42. Why this otherwise excellent newspaper allows such an article to be printed is ___ me.A. aboveB. outsideC. besideD. beyond43. This book will show the readers ___ can be used in other contexts.A. how that they have observedB. that how they have observedC. how what they have observedD. that they have observed44. _____ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them.A. AsB. SinceC. ProvidedD. While45. _____ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.A. To giveB. GivenC. GivingD. Having given46. Rebecca______ me earlier if she did not like her house she bought last month.A. toldB. would tellC. had toldD. would have told47. The world's greatest sporting event, the Olympic Games, upholds the amateur that _____ matters is not winning but participating.A. anythingB. itC. whatD. everything48. It has been estimated(估计) that the earth's surface temperature has increased _____ sone quarter to three quarters of a degree since 1850.A. toB. byC. atD. with49. Iceland lies far north in the Atlantic, with its northern most tip actually ____ the Arctic Circle(北极圈).A. touchedB. touchesC. touchingD. being touched50. Colin married my sister and I married his brother, _____ makes Colin and me double in-laws.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it51. _____ I admit that there are problems, I don't' think that they cannot be solved.A. UnlessB. UntilC. AsD. While52. The place is an ideal site for a university ______ it is far from the downtown area.A. provided thatB. now thatC. so thatD. in that53. He thought he could talk Mr. Robinson _____ buying some expensive equipment.A. onB. ofC. roundD. into54. Today the public is much concerned about the way ____.A. nature is being ruinedB. which nature is ruinedC. on which to ruin natureD. of nature to be ruined55. When I said goodbye to her, she _____ the door.A. saw me atB. set me offC. sent me toD. showed me to56. In the meantime, the question facing business is whether such research is ____ the costs.A. worthB. worth ofC. worthyD. worthwhile57. The _____ runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes.A. commonB. usualC. averageD. general58. David likes country life and has decided to ______ farming.A. go in forB. go back onC. go through withD. go along with59. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, ____ you give us all the necessary information.A. in caseB. provided thatC. or elseD. as if60. The detective and his assistant have begun to ____ the mysterious murder.A. look intoB. see toC. make overD. come through1-5 CAADC 6-10 BBDAC 11-15 BCADA 16-20ADDDB21-25DBBAA 26-30BDBCC 31-35 ABCBC 36-40 ABCDD41-45 CDCDB 46-50 DCBCB 51-55 DDDAD 56-60 ACABA。