名词性从句(整理完整版)
(完整版)名词性从句讲解及专项练习习题及其解答
名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题2. 考查引导词that与what的区别3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考查whether与if的区别5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。
因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词：when, where, how, why1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
名词性从句完整版
注意事项：that在从句中不可省略的情况有：宾语从句中引导词that省略；主语从句中引导词that不可省略；表语从句中引导词that不可省略。
例子：I think (that) you are right. 宾语从句中引导词that省略。
虚拟语气的时态：与现在事实相反，从句和主句的时态均为一般过去时
虚拟语气的使用场合：在某些从句中，如条件状语从句、让步状语从句等
与过去事实相反的情况
虚拟语气的形式：与过去事实相反，从句使用“had+过去分词”，主句使用“would+have+过去分词”
虚拟语气的使用：表示与过去事实相反的假设情况，常用于表达遗憾、后悔等情感
例子：When he comes, we will have a party. (时间状语从句)
宾语从句
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特点：在句子中句叫做宾语从句。
种类：陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句。
连接词：that、if、whether等。
汇报人：XX
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虚拟语气的例子：If I had known the answer, I would have told you.（如果我早知道答案，我早就告诉你了。）
与真实情况的比较：与真实情况相比较，虚拟语气表达的是与过去事实相反的情况，而不是真实发生的情况
与将来事实相反的情况
虚拟语气的形式：与将来事实相反，从句使用“if+主语+were/did+动词原形”，主句使用“would+动词原形”
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名词性从句的特殊用法
从句中的省略现象
名词性从句(最新整理)
名词性从句一．概述：在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。
根据它们在句中的语法作用，这类从句又可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
二．名词性从句连接词1.连词（只起连接作用，不做成分）that没有实在意义，whether翻译为“是否”，可以引导各类名词性从句，可以和or,or not连用if翻译为“是否”，多引导宾语从句。
注意if跟whether的区别。
注：if“如果”还可以引导条件状语从句。
as if /though翻译为“好像”，在名词性从句中只能引导表语从句。
注：as if /though“好像”还可以引导方式状语从句。
because翻译为“因为”，在名词性从句中只能引导表语从句。
注：because“因为”还可以引导原因状语从句。
2.连接代词（既起连接作用，而且充当句子成分，都有各自的含义）who“谁”在从句中作主语，表语。
可引导各类名词性从句whom “谁”在从句中作宾语。
可引导各类名词性从句which“（特定范围内的）哪一个/些”在从句中充当主语，宾语，定语。
不引导同位语从句。
“什么，什么样的”有疑问含义。
在从句中充当主语，表语，宾语，定语。
what可以引导各类名词性从句“所…….的”或“…..的事物/东西/人/样子/地方等”。
无疑问含义，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语。
一般不引导同位语从句“多少”提问“价格，人口等”whose“谁的”在从句中作定语。
多引导宾语从句。
whoever“无论谁”无疑问含义。
在从句中作主语，表语。
引导名词性从句时在含义上相当于anyone who注：还可以引导让步状语从句。
此时可与no matter who 互换whomever“无论谁”无疑问含义。
在从句中作宾语。
引导名词性从句时在含义上相当于anyone whowhichever“（特定范围内的）无论哪一个/一些”无疑问含义。
在从句中作宾语，定语。
whatever“无论什么”无疑问含义。
在从句中作主语，表语，宾语，定语。
英语名词性从句讲解【完整版】
2、I asked him if he could do me a favor .
If与whether的区别：
1、If不能引导放于句首的主语从句，而whether可以。 2、引导表语从句用whether，不用if。 3、引导同位语从句用whether，不用if。 4、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，不用if 。 5、whether or not 连在一起可以，但if不可以。而 “whether-----or not = if -----or not”
同位语从句：
定义：在复合句中充当同位语的句子。 同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和 同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。 同位语常见名词：fact, suggestion, advice, idea, decision, news, thought, hope, belief, truth, doubt, promise, possibility, truth, warning, message, reason, report, question，explanation, wish, problem等。 常见的连接词：that, whether, what, who, how, when, where等。 用法： The thought that I want to buy my mother a birthday gift makes me excited.that 引导的同位语从句，解释说明 thought，从句不缺成 分 There is some doubt whether he will come. whether 引导同位语从句，if 不能引导同位语从句 we haven’t made the decision where we are going to spend our vacation. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟解释说明的名词后面。 The news is surprising that he won the match.
名词性从句完整版
名词性从句一.概念在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses).名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二.语序所有名词性从句都是引导词(在最前)+陈述句语序(即:主语在前,谓语在后.即使从句表达的是疑问含义).What we can't get seems better than what we have.The photographs will show you what our village looks like.He asked how much I paid for the violin.三.引导词引导名词性从句的引导词类别词义在从句中的作用从属连词that无任何词义仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何句子成分从属连词whether和if(是否)意为“是否”，表明从句意义的不确定性起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何句子成分关系代词who, whom, what,which,whose,whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 有各自自身的意义起连接作用，并在从句中充当主、表、宾、定语等关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever 有各自自身的意义起连接作用，并在从句中充当状语注意:名词性从句引导词,只有that在引导主语从句后置时,以及在引导宾语从句时有时可以省.其它情况下,以及其它名词性从句引导词均不能省.注意:只有在引导宾语从句(有些情况下不能用if代替whether)以及whether引导主语从句后置时才可用if.其它情况下,以及引导其它名词性从句时均不能用if.四.分类详解主语从句在句子中作主语的句子叫主语从句.1.由从属连词that, whether引导的主语从句：▲that引导主语从句放在句首时,that不可省.That light travels in straight line is known to all. (that不能省)That he will succeed is certain. (that不能省)That he is still alive is a wonder. (that不能省)That the baby could speak made his parents very happy. (that不能省)That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. (that不能省)______ you don’t like him is none of my business.(1992上海高考试题)A. WhatB. WhoC. ThatD. WhetherAnswer：C▲whether引导的主语从句一般位于句首.也可用it作形式主语,将其后置,此时whether可换为if. (if引导主语从句时,只能用it作形式主语,放在句首,而将if引导的主语从句放到句末.) Whether she will come or not is still a question.Whether the old couple enjoy the trip remains to be proved.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.It was a problem whether they would support us.It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good.It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow.2.由关系代词who/whoever; whom/whomever(少); what/whatever; which/whichever; whose 引导的主语从句.Who will the win the scholarship is unknown.Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced.Who murdered the present is being investigated.Whoever comes is welcome.Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lightsWhoever breaks the rule must be punishedWhoever breaks this law deserves a fine.Whoever wants to see this film can go with us tonight.Whoever helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.Who/whom he will work with is still a secret.Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.Whoever you fell in love with has nothing to do with me.whoever既用作主格也用作宾语(作宾语时不宜用whomever，因为在现代英语中whomever 已几乎不用).What you have done might do harm to other people.What must be done has been done.What is worth doing is worth doing well.What you said just now hurt her feelings.What impressed me most was his great responsibility for his work.What was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality．What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.Whatever the parents do is for their children.Whatever you say is of no use now.Whatever was said here must be kept secret.Which school will win the prize is not known.I read it in some book or other, does it matter which it was?Whichever you take will be yours.Whichever book you choose doesn’t matter to me.Whichever of us gets home first starts cooking.Whose relatives lost their life in the shocking earthquake hasn’t been announced.3.由关系副词when; where; why; how引导的主语从句.When the plane is to take off hasn’t been announced.Where the heroine went is not mentioned at the end of the story.Where the English evening will be held is still under discussion.Why he often comes here is known to us all.Why he didn't come here is not clear to anyone.Why the sun in the morning looks bigger than the sun at noon is very interesting.How he was successful is still a puzzle.How he managed to finish the composition in such a short time is still a mystery.How and why Einstein had come to Princeton, New Jersey is a story of struggle, success, and sadness.How much water is flowing can be measured easily. 水的流量是多少……主语从句的主谓一致问题①:单个的主语从句作主语,谓语动词用单数;如果两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语,谓语动词用复数.When and where he was born hasn’t been found.How and why he came to the lonely small island is still a mystery.When the person was murdered and why he was murdered are still unknown.When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.②:what引导的主语从句,谓语动词可由表语来决定.What we need are women workers.What we need is more time and money.4.it作形式主语引导主语从句如果主语从句太长,为避免句子结构头重脚轻,我们可用it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后.这样句子结构就更加平衡.此时主语从句的引导词一般是that(一般不省,亦可省略),也可以是其它引导词.▲It + be +形容词+ that-从句It’s(im)possible/probable/important/necessary/fortunate/certain/clear/obvious/likely/natural/ strange that…It is probable that he told her everything.It's strange that he didn't come yesterday.It is likely that there will be a storm tomorrow.主语从句中的虚拟语气:其中在it’s natural/important/ necessary/strange that…结构中,主语从句常用should +do的虚拟语气(美语中省去should).It was necessary that we (should) make everything ready ahead of time.It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rule of school.It is natural that she should do so.It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible.It is necessary that a college student ____at least a foreign language．（上海1993）A. mastersB. should masterC. masteredD. will masterAnswer：B▲It + be +名词+ that-从句It’s a pity/a shame/an honor/a fact/a surprise/a question/good news/no wonder/ common knowledge/high time that…It is a pity that you didn’t attend the lecture yesterday.It is a pity that she has made such a mistake.It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much progress.主语从句中的虚拟语气:其中在此结构中若为surprise, a pity, a shame, no wonder等表示惊奇、惋惜的名词时,主语从句常用should +do的虚拟语气(美语中省去should).若为advice, desire, demand, order, proposal, recommendation, requirement, suggestion等表示建议、请求、要求、命令等名词时,须用should +do的虚拟语气(美语中省去should).It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.It’s a pity that I (should) miss the lecture.▲It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It’s said/reported/believed/thought/announced/decided/known to all /must be pointed out/must be admitted that…It is reported that the number of wild animals in Africa is decreasing.It’s announced that the hostages have been released.It’s decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.It’s known to us how he became a writer.其中在此结构中若为request, demand, require, beg, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, order, command, urge, desire等表示建议、请求、要求、命令等的动词,则主语从句中须用should +do的虚拟语气(美语中省去should).It is required that nobody (should) smoke here.It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening.It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.▲It +不及物动词+ that-分句It seems/appears/happens (to sb)/occurred to sb/turned out/doesn’t matter /make no difference that…It seems to me that you object the plan.It happened to me that I had been out when he called.It occurred to me that I forgot to shut the windows.It doesn’t matter whether he likes or not.It makes no difference that you will go today or tomorrow.常将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
完整版)名词性从句用法归纳
完整版)名词性从句用法归纳名词性从句是指在句子中作名词角色的句子，可以充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可以分为三类。
第一类是从属连词，包括that、whether和if。
在宾语从句或表语从句中，that 有时可以省略。
第二类是连接代词，包括what、who、which 等。
这些代词在从句中做成分，不可以省略。
第三类是连接副词，如when、where、how等，也不可以省略。
在一些情况下，that可以省略，如定语从句中做宾语、引导宾语从句或表语从句时。
但在定语从句中做主语、由that引导同位语从句时，以及宾语从句中真正的that不可以省略的情况下，that不能省略。
主语从句是指作句子主语的从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that、whether等，连接代词what、who、which等，以及连接副词how、when、where等引导。
2、连接词的使用：连接词在句子中起到连接的作用，其中that在句子中没有实际的意义，只是起到连接从句和主句的作用。
而连接代词和连接副词则在句子中既保留了自己的疑问含义，又起到连接从句和主句的作用，同时在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如，whom和who指人，what指物，而XXX和whoever则表示泛指意义。
举个例子，What he wants to tell us is not clear.表示他想告诉我们什么并不清楚。
另外，为了避免句子头重脚轻的情况，有时我们会用形式主语it代替主语从句，并将主语从句放在句末。
这种情况下，主语从句后的谓语动词一般使用单数形式。
常用的句型有：（1）It + be +名词+ that从句，如It is a fact that（事实是）；（2）It + be +动词的过去分词+ that从句，如It is said that（据说）；（3）It +不及物动词（vi）+ that从句，如It seems that （似乎）；（4）It + be +形容词+ that从句，如It is naturalthat（很自然）。
(完整版)名词性从句用法归纳
名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。
名词性从句在复合句中能担任:主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
名词性从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：1、从属连词（5个）：（1）that无词义，在从句中不做成分，在宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略（2）whether，if 有词义，在从句中不做成分（whether，if均表示“是否”之意，表明从句内容的不确定性）不可以省略（3）as if, as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”之意）在从句中不做成分2、连接代词（9个）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever，有词义，在从句中做成分，不可以省略（who what which 在从句中做主语、宾语、其中what 指代没有范围的事物，which指代有范围的事物，表“选择哪一个”whom做宾语whose 做定语）3、连接副词（7个）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however有词义，在从句中做状语，不可以省略4、that省略的情况：（1）定语从句中做宾语（2）that引导宾语从句时（3）that引导表语从句时（4）主语从句中it做形式主语，that从句置于句末时5、that不可省略的情况：（1）定语从句中做主语（2）由that引导主语从句放句首时（3）that引导同位语从句时（4）宾语从句中i it做形式宾语，真正的that宾语从句中that不可以省略ii 一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个和以后几个句子中的that不可以省略iii 与动词相隔的宾语从句，不可以省略iv that引导的宾语从句放在句首时，不可以省略二. 主语从句1、主语从句：作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
(完整版)名词性从句归纳
名词性从句归纳一、名词性从句概说、结构与功能名词性从句是起名词作用的从句，其功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
与之对应的名词性从句分别为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、主语从句1、主语从句的类别●以从属连词that 引导的主语从句。
（从句位于句首，that通常不省略）→ That she will come to the conference has excited every one of us.●以从属连词whether 引导的主语从句。
（从句置于句首时一般不用if来代替whether）→ Whether we’ll go outing depends on the weath er.●以连接代词（what, whatever, who, whoever, which, whichever等词）引导的主语从句。
→ Whoever will be in charge of the project hasn’t been decided yet.【注】what 与that在引导主语从句时，what 不但起连接作用，而且还有具体意义，意为“所…的”，相当于the things that结构；而that则无词义。
即如果从句中不缺少主语或宾语时，选择that，否则用what。
●以连接副词（when，where, how, why 等词）引导的主语从句.→ When the new road is open to traffic has not been made clear.2、用it 作形式主语的主语从句注：以下几种特殊情况必须用it作形式主语：⑴ It is + adj. + that 从句常见的形容词有：necessary，right，likely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange 等。
→ It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow.⑵ It is + noun + that 从句常接这种句型的名词有：a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honor, a wonder, no wonder 等。
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名词性从句一、定义：名词性从句在功能上相当于名词，是一个句子分别充当另一个句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语，由此被称为主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。
辨别下列从句属于哪种名词性从句并分析：1）Why they haven’t left yet is unclear.2）It was good news that everyone got back safely.3）Polly didn’t know which way she should go.4）I’m interested in who that tall man is.5）We all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.6）My question is whether Polly can find her way home.7）The fact that Polly didn’t ask for the man’s name is a pity.总结：名词性从句主要由陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句充当。
1）陈述句充当名词性从句时，由that引导；2）一般疑问句充当名词性从句时，由if或whether引导从句；3）特殊疑问句充当名词性从句时，由疑问词本身做连词引导从句。
4）名词性从句的语序应使用陈述句语序，不可用一般问句语序。
二、引导名词性从句的从属连词及从句语序1.连接词that；功能1）不充当句子成分2）无词义3）只起连接作用。
2.if/whether;功能：1）意为“是否”，有词义2）不做句子成分3）起连接作用翻译:1）I know that he will come thisevening.___________________________________________2) Whether we will go there or not hasn’t been decided yet.______________________________3.连接代词：what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ver)功能：1）有词义2）引起从句3）且在从句中充当一定的句子成分，常做从句中的主语、宾语、表语和定语。
找出下列主从句的名词性从句，并确定从属连词在从句中的句子成分：1）What he said isn’t true.2) There are so many books that I don’t know which one I should choose.3) The question is who will come to help us.4.连接副词when(ever), where(ver), why, how(ever)以及how(ever)+adj./adv.组成的词组引导的名词性从句。
功能：1）连接主从句2）有词义3）在从句中作句子成分，可作从句中的时间状语、地点状语、原因状语、方式状语或表程度，如：how(ever)+adj./adv.等。
找出下列主从句的名词性从句，并确定从属连词在从句中的句子成分：1) I wonder how he managed to finish the work in such a short time.2) Where we will stay during o ur visit to Australia hasn’t been announced.3) He can’t answer the question how he got the money.4) The question is when we can get there.5.名词性从句的语序应使用陈述句语序，而不可用一般问句语序，其结构为：从属连词（that/whether/if/wh-疑问词）+陈述句语序。
三、名词性从句分类讲解Ⅰ.主语从句1.主语从句在复合句中作主语，其主句的谓语动词用单数。
填空并翻译：1) What excited us most __________(be) that he passed the exam.2) _______(be) what he told us true?3) What we need________(be) more time?2. that引导主语从句时that不可省，且一般把它移到句末，前面用it作形式主语。
找出主语从句且翻译：1) It is certain that she will do well in theexam._______________________________________2) It is no wonder that he looks pale.________________________________________________3.由连接代词（what除外）和连接副词引导的主语从句可以直接放在句首，也可以用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放句末。
改变句型，用it作形式主语：1) How we will go there hasn’t beendecided.__________________________________________2) Whether he will attend the meeting or not makes no difference._________________________________________________________________ _____________4.what引导的主语从句一般不用it作形式主语的结构，其他连词皆可使用此结构。
判断正误：1) It is a book what he wants.2) What he wants is a book.5.如果含主语从句的主句是疑问式，则须用it作形式主语结构。
翻译：已经宣布飞机什么时候起飞了吗？6.if不可引起主语从句，而是用whether引起，表“是否”之意。
填空：1）____________________________________(我们是否要举行会议) hasn’t been decided.2) It is not know_______________________________________(他们是否要来).7.用it作形式主语，把主语从句后置的常用句型有：1)It+be+adj.+that-clause.(常见adj.:obvious,true,natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)英译汉：⑴It is certain that she will do well in theexam._____________________________________⑵It is probable that he told her everything.__________________________________________汉译英：⑴很明显他们非常需要帮助。
_________________________________________________________________ ___________注：这类主语从句中，若adj.为necessary, important, strange等，从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词一般为：(should)+do.翻译：⑴It is necessary that you (should) master thecomputer._______________________________⑵学生学好英语很重要。
_________________________________________________________________ __________⑶真奇怪，他竟然自杀了。
_________________________________________________________________ ____________2)Itis+名词词组(afact,apity,nowonder,anhonor,nosurprise,ashame,goodnews等)+that-clause.翻译：⑴很遗憾我们不能去。
_____________________________________________________________________ _______⑵他告诉了她一切，这并不奇怪。
_________________________________________________________________ ____________⑶难怪他看起来脸色苍白。
_________________________________________________________________ ____________3) It is done(said/reported/thought/believed/hoped/expected/decided/well-known)+that-clause.翻译：（1）据说总统已经到达北京。
_________________________________________________________________ ____________(2)It is said that Jack drives badly._________________________________________________________________ ____________(3)众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
_________________________________________________________________ _____________分析下列从句：(1) It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack.(2) As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.(3) What was reported was that the US was under the terrorist attack.4) It seems（似乎）/happens（碰巧/恰巧）/appears（似乎）/doesn’t matter （不重要，不要紧）/makes no difference（没有影响）+ that-clause.翻译：(1) It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not._________________________________________________________________ _____________(2)我恰巧看过这部电影。