大学外贸英语基本知识学习点

大学外贸英语考试大纲

Chapter 1 The Global Economic Crisis

Many people believe the current global slowdown initiate in 2008, to a large extent, was of American making.

Plunge in housing industry, reduced or delayed foreign direct investment, credit crunch in many a country, shrinkage of consumer spending, declining stock markets, sharp rises in unemployment rate, a much smaller number of international tourists, slowing down in countries’GDP growth are all illustrations of global economic crisis.

GDP = Gross Domestic Product

MNE = Multinational Enterprise

Six tenets of international trade are taking advantage of trade agreements, protecting your brand at all costs, maintaining high ethical standards, staying secure in an insecure world, expecting the unexpected and remembering all global business is personal.

G20 includes Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Republic of Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States of America.

•recession •housing start •budget

deficit •capital flows •high yield •macroecono mic policy •liquidity •trade

protection

•tax heavens

•private

sector

•public sector

•public

spending

•balance

sheet

•securities

Chapter 2 American Economy

The agricultural sector of American economy is also important, with highly mechanized farming methods and efficient pest-control techniques.

Service industry in the U.S. has become more and more important, making up more than 60% of American economic activities.

⏹retail sales ⏹corporate fleets

⏹mini-depress ion

⏹interbank rates

⏹money

supply

⏹credit supply

⏹junk bond

⏹equity =

shares/

securities

⏹estate agent

⏹mortgage

brokers

⏹job market

⏹credit rating

⏹labor cost

Chapter 3 China’s Economy

During the early years after the People’s Republic of China was set up, the country followed the former Soviet Union’s model of economic planning and command.

Mr. Edwards reckons that a decline in electricity output may mean that GDP is falling, no matter what the official figures say.

Energy-guzzling heavy industries, such as steel and cement, bore the brunt of China’s downturn late in year 2008. Those who repeat the official mantra that China needs to grow by at least 8% a year to avoid social unrest has no sound economic basis.

According to Chapter 3, China’s 4 trillion yuan ($ 585 billion) package of infrastructure spending, subsidies and tax cuts for businesses has been trashed by many commentators as another “Chinese fake”.

Chris Wood, at CLSA, a brokerage, says the effectiveness of the stimulus hinges on the extent to which China is now a capitalist economy.

Public investment will inevitably include some wasteful spending, and politically directed lending could add to excess capacity in some sectors and create new bad loans for banks. SOE State Owned Enterprise