毕业设计红外线避障小车的设计

摘要

随着生产自动化的发展需要，机器人已经越来越广泛地应用到生产自动化上，随着科学技术的发展，机器人的传感器种类也越来越多，其中红外传感器已经成为自动行走和驾驶的重要部件。

红外的典型应用领域为自主式智能导航系统，机器人要实现自动避障功能就必须要感知障碍物，感知障碍物相当给机器人一个视觉功能。智能避障是基于红外传感系统，采用红外传感器实现前方障碍物检测，并判断障碍物远近。

由于时间和水平有限，我们暂选最基本的避障功能作为此次设计的目标。

本设计通过小车这个载体再结合由AT89S51为核心的控制板可以达到其基本功能，再辅加由漫反射式光电开关组成的避障电路、555组成的转速控制电路、电源电路、差分驱动电路就可以完善整个设计。

关键词：避障光电开关红外线漫反射差分控制

Infrared obstacle avoidance car

Abstract

With the development needs of the production automation, robots have been more and more widely applied to the automation of production, with the development of science and technology, the robot more and more types of sensors, including infrared sensors has become an important component of the automatic walking and driving .

Infrared Typical applications for autonomous intelligent navigation systems, robotics to achieve automatic obstacle avoidance must be perceived obstacles, perceived obstacles to the robot quite a visual function. Intelligent obstacle avoidance system based on infrared sensor, infrared sensor front obstacle detection and determine the obstacle distance.

Due to the limited time and the level of our most basic obstacle avoidance temporary as the design goal.

Design by car carrier recombination by AT89S51 as the core of the control panel can achieve its basic functions, supplemented plus diffuse photoelectric switch obstacle avoidance circuit 555 comprising a speed control circuit, power circuit, a differential drive circuit. You can improve the entire design.

Keywords: obstacle avoidance photoelectric switch infrared diffuse reflectance differential control

目录

前言 ............................................................................................. V 第1章课题研究价值...................................................................... VI 第1.1节选题背景 ......................................................................... VI 第2章课题设计 ............................................................................ VII 第2.1节设计要求 ........................................................................ VII 第2.2节总体设计 ........................................................................ VII 第3章方案论证 ............................................................................. IX 第3.1节单片机选择论证 .............................................................. IX 第3.2节传感器设计方案 .............................................................. IX 第3.3节控制算法设计方案 ........................................................... X 第4章智能小车硬件设计 ............................................................. XII 第4.1节智能小车硬件分配 ......................................................... XII 第4.2节 AT89S51单片机简介 ...................................................... XV 第4.3节电路设计 ..................................................................... XVIII 第5章智能小车软件设计 .......................................................... X XIV 第5.1节总体流程图.................................................................. X XIV 第5.2节最少拍控制算法 .......................................................... X XVI