状语从句知识点

目的状语从句

通常由that, so that, in order that, so…that, lest, in case, for fear that（以防、免得）等引导,谓语动词常含有can, could, may, might, will, would等情态动词。

1) to, in order to，so as to引导目的状语短语，构成简单句

2) so that, in order that 引导目的状语从句，构成复合句，并且从句中谓语动词常与can, could, may, might等情态动词连用

so that 既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。

引导目的状语从句时可译为"为了" ,引导结果状语从句时可译为"以便"。

so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词。

在such... that...句型中，such修饰名词，意思是“如此……以致于……”。such…that…引导四种不同的句子结构：

1. such+a(n)+形容词+单数名词+that从句

e.g This is such a good book that all of us like it very much. 这是一本很好的书，我们大家都喜欢读一读。

2. such+形容词+复数名词+that从句

e.g They are such good students that the teacher likes them. 他们都是很好的学生，老师喜欢他们。

3. such+（形容词）+不可数名词+that从句

e.g It was such fine weather yesterday that we went swimming. 昨天天气很好，我们去游泳了。

4. one (no, any, all, many, some, several, 等)+such+可数名词+that从句

e.g There are many such good books that I can’t decide which one to choose. 有这么多的好书，我无法决定选择哪一本。

so... that...句型中的so是副词，常常用来修饰形容词或副词，意思是“如此/这么……以致于……”

1. 常用句型为：主语+谓语+so+adj. / adv. + that从句

e.g. The boy ran so fast that I couldn't catch him.他跑得太快了以至于我都追不上他。

2. so+形容词+a(n)+单数名词+that从句

e.g. She made so good a meal that we all ate far too much.她做的饭菜那么好吃，结果我们都吃得太多了。

3. so+many / much / few / little（少）+名词+that从句。

当名词前有many、much、few、little（少）等词修饰时，句子中要用so...that...而不能用such...that...。

e.g There was so little water in the jar that it was not enough for all of us.

缸里的水太少，不够我们这些人用。

（注：当little的意思是“小”时，仍用such...that...）

结果状语从句

由that, so that, so…that, such…that引导：

常用句型：

1)so+ adj. (adv.) + that

2)so+ adj. + a (an) + n. +that

3)Such +a (an) +adj. + n. + that

4)Such +adj. + n (s) +that

时间状语从句

1)由连词when, while, as, as soon as, before, after, since, till/ until等引导。

•主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时表将来I will tell him when he comes back.

2)while, when, as辨析

•While引导的时间状语从句只指一段时间，强调某一段时间内，主从句动作同时发生。从句动词常是延续性的

•When既可以指一个时间点,也可以是一段时间，可表示主从句的动作同时或先后发生。从句动词可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。

•As强调主句﹑从句动作相并发生,译为”一边…一边…”

•另外, when/while还作并列连词,连接并列分句,

•while表示“而,可是”如:

•I like reading while my wife enjoys watching TV.

•when表示“就在这时”在下列结构中，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生，另一动作同时发生。

• 1.be about to do… when…

• 2.be doing… when…

• 3.had done… when…

• e.g.

•We were about to start when it began to rain.

•I was playing computer games when mom came in.

3)until/till(不用于句首)

“延续的动词（肯定式）+until ”表示“直到…为止”

I waited for him until he came back.

“非延续性动词（否定式）+until ”表示“直到┅才”

He didn’t go to bed until he finished his work.

注意: not until 在句首时要倒装

4)表示“一…就…”的句型

(1)as soon as, once, the moment/ minute/ second, immediately/ directly/ instantly

(2)on / upon doing / on (upon) one’s +n

(3)no sooner… than/ hardly… when / scarcely… when

5)Every time, each time等也可以引导时间状语从句

6) before 和since

1）before “ 还未…就…”, “不到…就…”，“…才…”

We hadn’t run a mile before tired.

2）It will be + 时间段+before sb. do 多久之后才…