新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 4 答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4__课后答案之欧阳德创编
应 Key to book4 unit1-4Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from abusy university student to an unemployed young adult(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their careeris going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when(4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass,they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard(6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or fouryears away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependentagain on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you bylistening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) inthe same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you(a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a senseof satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympatheticway, or (b) in alazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) referto it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’tneed to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who workedthere were good fun tobe with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend wasalways Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough tokeep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You mayneed to makeother changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bitdisappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored bywhat they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a)unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers mostoften?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you(a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly tothem?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the placehappier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the bigwide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find? This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression(banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get ishassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague ornot definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I coulduse my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s tru e, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (prettywell).Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period) word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … m ight .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying. Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get thepromotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would bea good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t goodfor you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event. (a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best studentresearch project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a footballmatch?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment. (b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate? In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants tocompetewith the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years atuniversity, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life asstudents, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants aslice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments onmy student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep comingin, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue,asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, letalone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4__课后答案之欧阳家百创编
应 Key to book4 unit1-4欧阳家百（2021.03.07）Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their careeris going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when(4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass,they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard(6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or fouryears away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependentagain on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible workinghours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you bylistening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) inthe same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a senseof satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in alazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or(b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) referto it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event(highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’tneed to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who workedthere were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend wasalways Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough tokeep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bitdisappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored bywhat they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) partof your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or(b) the food the pub offers mostoften?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly tothem?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the placehappier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the bigwide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression(banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal s peech (showing something is general, vague ornot definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I coulduse my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, s he doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family. Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get thepromotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for workabroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to ge t down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise. collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best studentresearch project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it? You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to competewith the other or maybe they en joy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years atuniversity, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life asstudents, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyo ne wants aslice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments onmy student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep comingin, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue,asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, letalone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 4 答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 4 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.•pathetic•superficial•indispensable•overseas•notify•deceive•align•marital•compatible•compile1.We've been living in m ar i t albliss ever since our wedding.Your answer Correct answer marital marital2.Sandra is going to study over seasin Asia next semester.Your answer Correct answer overseas overseas3.It's critical that tests al i gnwith material students are learning in the classroom.Your answer Correct answer align align4.The lawyer spent all week trying to com pi l eevidence against the suspect.Your answer Correct answer compile compile5.We can't afford to lose Thomas—he's our most i ndi spensabl eemployee.Your answer Correct answerindispensable indispensable6.Even though it was only a(n) super f i ci alwound, the cut was incredibly painful.Your answer Correct answer superficial superficial7.Lori is an expert at using lies and flattery to decei vethe people around her and getwhat she wants.Your answer Correct answerdeceive deceive8.My puppy is notorious for the pat het i clooks he gives when he's hungry.Your answer Correct answer pathetic pathetic9.Please not i f ythe police if you see anything suspicious.Your answer Correct answernotify notify10.Unfortunately, the new regulations aren't com pat i bl ewith the law, so they'll need tochange.Your answer Correct answercompatible compatibleSection B: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.11. Don't trust my brother, he's _____ to do or say anything.a. libelb. unreliablec. reliabled. liable12. If you become a member, you'll have access to _____ deals and offers.b. exclusivec. reclusived. elusive13. I can teach any type of math, but I _____ in geometry.a. specialb. specialtyc. especiallyd. specialize14. Winning the lottery is possible, but it's certainly not _____.a. probablyb. probablec. probabilityd. probabilistic15. We've been with the same bank for years, and I've never had a _____ about their service.a. complaintb. publicityc. restraintd. vanity16. I want to wait until the stock market begins to _____ before I invest; it's just too volatile right now.b. stabilizec. increased. neutralize17. That actress is best known for her _____ laugh—it's like no other.a. familiarb. ordinaryc. distinctived. renowned18. Schoolchildren are usually taught the importance of their national _____ very early.a. weatherb. downturnc. savingsd. heritage19. It simply makes good _____ sense to save money for retirement.a. economicalb. economicsc. economistd. economy20. After discussing the situation, Carlos and I came to a(n) _____ agreement with which we wereboth satisfied.a. communalb. independentc. mutuald. dualSection C: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Please put dow nthe gun, and we can talk about this calmly.Your answer Correct answer down down22.She laid outthe paperwork on the table so she could finally get organized.Your answer Correct answerout out23.Unfortunately, the new owner simply helped the situation go f r ombad to worse.Your answer Correct answer from from24.Nicholas managed to carve outa unique niche, and he got lots of customers becauseof what he could offer.Your answer Correct answerout out25.After my husband lost his job, we were forced to cut back onmany things we didn'treally need.Your answer Correct answeron on26.Rent must be paid i nfull by the 1st of the month.Your answer Correct answerin in27.In the end, it all boils dow nto who you know, not what you know.Your answer Correct answer down down28.The sad truth is that far too many people simply scrape byand live from day to day.Your answer Correct answerby by29. After many profitable years, the economic downturn ultimately forced the companyi nt othe red.Your answer Correct answerinto into30.I want everyone to pair upwith a classmate and act out this scene of the play.Your answer Correct answerup upPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Money. Some people think it's the root of all evil and the source of everything(31)w i ckedin the world. Other people think there's nothing more(32)desi r abl eand can't get enough. The truth, as always, is somewhere in between.It's true that money (or the lack of it) can have (33)devast at i ngeffects. People who findthemselves in (34)abj ectpoverty are all too aware of the pain that money can cause.It's also true that money can easily lead to uncontrollable (35)gr eedamong peoplewho simply can't get enough. Many of these people will lead similarly unfulfilling lives.The people who command true respect and of whom we should be (36)j eal ous are those who have successfully found the middle ground. Humans are not (37)pr onetoward poverty or wealth. Instead, we (38)nat ur al l ytend toward a comfortable statusquo. Indeed, most people desperately (39)year nfor such a situation. Wanting more orless than what we realistically need is simply (40)unr eal i st i c. It just doesn't make sense.Your answer Correct answer(31) wicked wicked(32) desirable desirable(33) devastating devastating(34) abject abject(35) greed greed(36) jealous jealous(37) prone prone(38) naturally naturally(39) yearn yearn(40) unrealistic unrealisticPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Though we may not like to admit it, dishonesty is all too prevalent in the world. There have always been and will always be people who lie, cheat, or steal to get what they want. Dishonesty has many faces. Some of them are obvious, and some are more clandestine. Producing counterfeit products—products that are not the genuine article—is one of the more widespread forms of dishonesty. The practice affects almost every industry in every country of the world.Official currency is not immune to this problem. Indeed, counterfeit banknotes have been a problem for nearly as long as people have used money. Many governments (who print and regulate national currencies) have fought back by creating banknotes that are incredibly difficult to copy. High-tech security features are embedded within the money to identify the note as legal and genuine. Modern banknotes are not merely slips of paper; they are essentially sophisticated pieces of technology!In most countries of the world, the printing and issue of banknotes is handled exclusively by thegovernment or a government-owned bank. In the United Kingdom, however, there are seven retail banks, in addition to the central Bank of England, that are authorized to print their own banknotes. These seven banks are located in, and print currency unique to, Scotland and Northern Ireland.Founded in 1694, the Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom, and it primarily serves England and Wales. For nearly 300 years, the Bank of England has been issuing banknotes, and for nearly 300 years, counterfeit notes have been a problem. In response to this ongoing threat, the following security features have been developed.•Banknotes are printed on special paper that is highly durable and has a unique feel.•Raised lettering is used throughout the notes, particularly on the words Bank of England.• A metallic thread weaves through every note. It looks like a broken line across the note, but if you hold it up to the light, it appears as a continuous dark line.•There is a watermark of the Queen that is visible when held up to the light.•Every note has a 3D hologram design that alternates between the value of the note and an image of Britannia.•If the note is placed under an ultra-violet light, the number (5, 10, 20, or 50. will appear as bright red and green.•Microlettering beneath the Queen's portrait is only visible with a magnifying glass.The Bank of England prints notes in denominations of £5, £10, £20, and £50. The above security features are common to all four values. £20 and £50 banknotes have additional features that make them even more difficult to counterfeit.Unfortunately, counterfeit bills aren't going away anytime soon. That's why it's important to be educated. Sometimes, a counterfeit bill isn't noticed right away, and it may enter circulation. If the bill ends up in your wallet, you might be held responsible if you try to use it. Even if you don't find trouble with the law, you will almost certainly lose that money. It's critical that you check the bills you receive from the bank and as change when you go shopping. You don't want to get caught with counterfeit money!41. The main purpose of this article is to give information about _____.A. the differences among world currenciesB. the history of the Bank of EnglandC. how to identify fake moneyD. dishonesty in everyday life42. Based on this passage, which of the following can you infer to be true?A. The problem of counterfeit money is going away.B. United States currency has modern security features to prevent counterfeiting.C. Banknotes in denominations greater than £50 have more advanced securityD. Most security features are fairly easy to replicate with inexpensive technology.43. This style of writing would best be described as _______.A. expositoryB. argumentativeC. narrativeD. descriptive44. With which of the following statements would the author of this passage likely agree?A. Security features should be used on banknotes very sparingly.B. The Bank of England unwisely spent an exorbitant amount of money to institute newC. Modern security features have garnered a lot of good publicity for the Bank ofD. It's unrealistic to think that counterfeit money will disappear anytime soon.45. All of the following are mentioned as security features of British money EXCEPT _______.A. paper that is very difficult to tearB. an embedded magnetic strip。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案.pdf
包含综合教程4中的一些课文翻译及习题答案综合教程4课后答案Handouts and Key to book4 unit1-4Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaBackground informationAbout the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published inSeptember XXXX in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and inBritain in particular, for a number of years there has been a rising number of students who go to universityand therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job becameharder in XXXX–XXXX because the economic downturn – then a recession – meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobsand then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. Thearticle addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuck at home and advises their parentsto be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if theyneed help). The article recommends finding work in a bar or supermarket rather than sitting unemployedat home since this is more likely to lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but alsoof a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey language and problem-solving advice toparents).Why finding a job in XXXX is so difficult for university graduates?Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% ofyoung adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitivesituation became a lot worse in XXXX onwards with the credit crunch and economic depression, which meantthat there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be activeto seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and tryto get job interviews: they won’t f indemployment by lying on the sofa at home.Culture pointshonours degree: Traditionally, in the British university system, BA and BSc honours degrees are awardedin different categories: a first class degree (written using Roman numbers as I), a second (divided into twosubcategories, written as IIii and IIii, which are called “a two one” and “a two two”), a third (written III) anda pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also ordinary degrees with more general courses of studywithout these categories.Generation Y and Grunt: The main idea here is that there is a succession of different generations orcohorts of adults who come into the workforce in North America which are given different informal namesto characterize them. First, “Baby boomers” were born in the great increase (the boom) of births after WorldWar II (1946–1960), followed by “Generation X” people (born 1960–1980) who were said to bring newattitudes of being independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expected to get skills and have a career beforethem. “GenerationY” or the “Millenial Generation” (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the newmillenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by dotingparents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diverse people in a multicultural society. Inthe passage, this generation is now becoming (morphing into) Generation Grunt, which is an ironic namereferring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work –this may be the only work available to somegraduates, who may have to take very ordinary jobs to get experience before they find something moresuitable. “Grunt” also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig;when pe ople “grunt” they express disgust but do not communicate with words – this may be how the parentsof new graduates think their children communicate with them!A comprehensive refers to a British type of secondary school which became popular in the1960s. Before thatthere were academic “grammar schools” and more general “secondary modern” schools for those who didnot pass the grammar school entrance tests, but thecomprehensive schools were designed for all students ina social philosophy of bringing diverse students together whether they were academic or not. Those studentswho went to a comprehensive school probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backsideoff) to get to university, compared to those who went to grammar schools where all students were academic–comprehensive students felt they had to struggle to get to university.Chicken suit This refers to a large yellow costume that someone wears which makes the person look like agiant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a jobadvertising for a restaurant called El Pollo Loco (The Crazy Chicken’ in Spanish) – the job meant that he hadto walk around the streets like a chicken to attract customers to come to the restaurant.Language points1 Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to theodd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1)The parents paid a lot of money for their son’s university feesand living expenses (so that he could eatwell) and for occasional social events – at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgottenbecause the parents were proud. But now the parents are thinking of money again because the son doesn’thave a job and doesn’t seem to be activel y seeking one.2 This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt.(Para 2)The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents’ generation who worked hard, got jobs, and hadgood careers and expected their son to do the same) has changed into a member of Generation Grunt – hedoesn’t seem to communicate much, lies around and doesn’t get a job (or can only do a low status routingjob).3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being ‘too detached’ and talking inlanguage that was ‘too technocratic’, which I didn’t think possible, but obviously it is. (Para 5)He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but he was criticized in the selection interviews:They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used the language of atechnical expert or high authority). As a new graduate he probably wanted to show his expertise in hislanguage so he can’t understand this criticism.4 For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” b efore heading to the pub. (Para 6)The others who do not have a routine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket shelf) chill outall day (they spend their time casually relaxing –they don’t look for work) and go to pub for a drink in theevening.5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a good university …(Para 6)He went to a school for students of all abilities (not to a special school for academic students) and so hehad to work very hard to enter a good university: Your backside means your bottom – the part of yourbody that you sit on – to work your backside off is informal and it means you work very hard indeed.6 … but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky toadvise him on how to proceed. (Para 7)The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she doesnot have relevant personal experience. For her, it is tricky to give advice (difficult to do).7 Carry on life as n ormal and don’t allow them to abuse your bank account or sap your reserve ofemotional energy. (Para 11)The advice from Gael Lindenfield here is that parents should live as usual. They should neither let theirchildren spend the parents’ money unnecessaril y, nor let the problem take away all their energy andemotions. Sap their reserve means use up their store of emotional energy.8 After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into the saddle. (Para 12)Then the parents should gently push their children firmly so that they get back into control of their lives.Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions. Teaching tipsGo over the correct answers with Ss and ask them to explainwhy the other answers are wrong (Seebelow).1 Why hasn’t Jack Goodwin got a job yet?(a) He doesn’t have a very good degree.(No, he has a 2:1 which is considered a good degree. )(b) He refuses to apply for jobs with low salaries.(He feels he should get a better job after studying at university.)(c) It isn’t easy to get a job in the current financial climate. (This may be true but the passage does not mention this.) (d) He prefers to stay at home and help his family.(No, he doesn’t seem to be helping his family: he watches TV and talks to friends.)2 How does he spend a typical day?(a) Doing a temporary job.(No, some of his friends are working in temporary jobs but he doesn’t want to do this.)(b) Watching television.(He watches TV a lot.)(c) Queuing up in the university careers service.(No, he went there once but he didn’t want to queue so he walked away.)(d) Preparing for the next job interview.(No, he doesn’t seem to be preparing for interviews.)3 How do most of his friends spend the day?(a) They do nothing all day and go to the pub in the evening. (All except one of them do nothing except chill, then they go to the pub.)(b) They do outdoor activities such as sailing.(No, none of them seem to do outdoor activities; there is no mention of sailing.)(c) They are forced to work by their parents.(No, only one of them has been forced out to stack shelves by his parents; the others seem to be likeJack.)(d) They do part-time jobs such as working in a bar.(No, the text mentions bar work but none of Jack’s friends seem to do this work.)4 How are Jack’s parents helping him?(a) By looking for jobs for him.(No, Jack has tried to get a job himself; there’s nothing here about his parents helping him look for ajob.)(b) By paying for a trip to South America.(No, although he is going on a three-week trip to South America,the passage does not say thatJack’s parents have paid for this.)(c) By gradually making him more financially aware. (The passage does not say so explicitly, but this is the implication about the cut-off point after thetrip when he may be expected to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.)(d) By threatening to throw him out of the house.(No, they haven’t threatened to do this, but they definitely want him to work after he gets back fromhis trip.)5 What does Ga el Lindenfield say about Jack’s parents?(a) They have not really understood Jack’s problems.(No, she doesn’t say this; she says they must balance being positive with not making life toocomfortable. This doesn’t mean they haven’t understood Jack’s problems.)(b) They have made life too comfortable for Jack.(No, she says they must balance comfort with being positive. This doesn’t necessarily mean that theyhave already made life too comfortable for Jack.)(c) The approach they have chosen is the right one.(She says they have struck exactly the right note.)(d) They need help from a psychologist.(No, she doesn’t say this.)6 What do Whoopi Goldberg, Bruce Willis and Brad Pitt have in common?(a) They all did bar work before going to university.(No, we do n’t know from the passage if any of them did this.) (b) They took part in protests against nuclear power plants. (No, we don’t know is any of them did this)(c) They learnt to act by dressing up as giant chickens.(No, only Brad Pitt did this.)(d) They all did temporary jobs at one stage in their lives. (This is right, although they all had completely different temporary jobs.)Dealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It is n’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their careeris going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when(4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass,they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard(6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or fouryears away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependentagain on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg bad ly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you bylistening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) inthe same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a senseof satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in alazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are youencouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) referto it quickly and then change the subject?Reading and interpreting8 Answer the questions.1 “Will he ever get a job?” Who is asking this question? What mood does it express?The parents are asking this because the paragraph is addressed to parents (earlier it says “your graduateson”). The mood seems to express patience or resignation because the word “ever” suggests that gettinga job will take a long time.2 Who describes Generation Y as “rebels without a cause”? Is ita fair description?This is the writer’s description to indicate that this generation is rebelling against parents or society,but they have nothing particular to rebel against. This doesn’t seem very fair because the students aretrying to find work –it is just that they don’t like their parentsnagging them. So they are a bit rebelliousagainst their parents, but no more than that.3 Jack “walked into the university careers service and straight back out again”. What does this suggestabout Ja ck’s character?It suggests that Jack is not very determined. As soon as he saw the queue he left without waiting andwithout trying to ask about jobs or careers.4 Jack spent the summer “hiding”. Hiding from what? Why are quotation marks used?Probably this means he was hiding from the world of work, staying at home and not looking for a job.The quotation marks tell us that he wasn’t literally hiding, he just spent a lot of time at home.5 How is Mrs Goodwin’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?In one way her experience hasn’t affected her attitude: She left school and went immediately to a job(without going to university) and has been working full-time since then and yet she is sympathetic andtakes a soft line.6 How is Lindenfield’s point of view affected by her ownpersonal experience?Her personal experience was that she worked in a bar before finding her first proper job as an aerialphotographic assistant. So she says such work is a great networking opportunity. If new graduates aregood at such work and bright, cheerful and polite, they will soon be promoted. Her personal experiencethus reflects – or perhaps has created – her point of view.7 What would the first two paragraphs have focused on if they had been presented from the point of viewof the students rather than the parents?The first two paragraphs would have focused on the need for the new graduates to rest for a bit aftertheir hard studies. It is OK for students to relax with the TV or to socialize with friends for a while, thenthey can start a serious search for employment after that.Active reading (2)If you ask meBackground informationThis is an informal and personalized account of an economics graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year andthen has an opportunity to be successful (a lucky break). She works in a London pub called “The Salisbury”or “The Marquis Salisbury”, named after someone who was the British Prime Minister three times between1885 and 1902 and whose family once owned the pub’s land. The 100 year old pub is in Leadenhall Street,just off the Charing Cross Road and Leicester Square. Daytime customers can get a pub lunch and eveningcustomers include many office workers and theatre goers (the pub is near many West End theatres). Theinterior of this pub is dazzling, with large mirrors, cut glass and a mahogany décor.British pubs are often named after famous people (Robin Hood, The Duke of Wellington) or royalty (TheQueen’s Arms, the Prince of Wales) or historical symbols (The Rose and Crown to represent King EdwardIII, The Royal Oak to represent King Charles II who once hid in a large oak tree). Other names often includecolours and animals (The Red Bull, The Black Horse, The Golden Lion, The Swan) or symbols of traditionaltrades (The Compasses for carpenters, The Three Hammers for blacksmiths, The Three Tuns for winemakers).As the pub is a social place to meet as well as a place to get a drink, people often play games like dominoesor darts or join a quiz or competition. A common expression is to “go down the pub” or “go round to thelocal” (both meaning to go to the local pub).Culture pointspub in London: A pub is a place where people go for a drink and to meet friends and socialize. People canplay games – such as darts, cards, dominoes – in a pub and pubs often have quiz nights, with prizes for thewinners, and live music (See also Background information) The Salisbury is a well-known pub in central London (See also Background information)London School of Economics is a distinguished university in central London, famous for social sciences.Language points1 If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. (Para 1)In my opinion (If you ask me introduces an opinion), real life is not everything that people say it is. If athing is cracked up to be, people normally praise it but in the opinion of the speaker they are wrong.2 … spending money when you don’t have any is dead easy. (Para 7)Dead here means very. For example, we can say dead tired (exhausted), a dead loss (a complete loss oruseless), a dead weight (very heavy, difficult to lift).3 What were the odds on anyone being so nice? (Para 11) What are the chances that someone would be so nice? The writer is emphasizing here that such kindness isvery unusual.4 … looking bac k after all these years, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succeed.(Para 13)A break here means a chance to be successful. A lucky break is an unexpected opportunity.Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What did the writer want to do after finishing her degree?(a) To do an MA at the London School of Economics.(b) To earn some money to pay off her loan.(c) To start working as soon as possible.(d) To return home and help her mother.2 Why did she ask for a job in The Salisbury?(a) She was hungry and thirsty.(b) She thought it would lead to better things.(c) She was a friend of the landlord.(d) She had the idea when she saw the landlord working.3 What did she buy with her first salary?(a) A bunch of flowers.(b) A CD and a plant for the flat she lived in.(c) A ham sandwich and a glass of beer.(d) She didn’t have any money left after paying the bills.4 Why did Tony give her £20,000?(a) He found out it was her birthday and wanted to help.(b) He trusted her and thought it would help her.(c) He wanted her to leave the pub and work for him.(d) He was secretly in love with her.5 What did she do with the money?(a) She used it to pay for her course at the LSE.(b) She lost a lot of it in the XXXX stock market crash.(c) She invested it and paid back Tony and other investors.(d) She used it to start her own business.6 Why was Tony pleased when she repaid the loan?(a) He had had an accident and needed the money for a wheelchair.(b) It meant that he would be able to see her again.(c) It proved that he had been right to invest in her.(d) She paid back the loan with a lot of interest.3 Work in pairs and answer the questions.What do we know about the writer’s:1 family background?Her mother had worked hard for 15 years to support her education but couldn’t afford any furthersupport. Her father wasn’t around most of the time. He didn’t have any money because he spent it ongambling on dog racing or drinking in pubs.2 career as a student?She had a good degree in economics and wanted to study for a masters course at the London School ofEconomics.3 ambition?She wanted to get a job in finance or investments in London because then she would be able to use herdegree.4 appreciation of other people?She a ppreciated Mike’s friendliness with customers and his skill, and she appreciated Tony as a niceperson; later she appreciated the trust of Tony and his friends5 love life?We don’t know much about this, except that she doesn’t like boys to hassle her. She thinks they areimmature.6 financial expertise?It must be quite good: She invested the £20,000 and made enough profit to pay the money back withinterest and set up her own company.7 sense of responsibility?She has a strong sense of responsibility because she paid back the money to the investors and paid theman annual interest for the loan.8 philosophy of life?She believes that you should work hard; you may need one or two breaks to succeed but you shouldknow how to use the breaks. You should be honest and responsible with people who trust you.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you und erstand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.Teaching tipsWhen Ss have completed the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate words, ask them to practicereading the dialogue, trying to make their reading sound as conversational as possible. Choose a pair toperform their reading to the class. The class listens and gives the performing pair a rating on a scale of 1-10for fluency and naturalness.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to havefinancial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’tneed to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who workedthere were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend wasalways Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough tokeep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degreeend up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bitdisappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored bywhat they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers mostoften?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly tothem?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the placehappier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers。
新标准英语综合教程4unittest单元测试1-5答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4Unit 1-Unit 5 unit test 答案1. establish2. Mr. Philips is running for a position in the local government in the elections.Your answer Correct answerupcoming upcoming3. What can we do to all the accomplishments our company has hadYour answer Correct answerhighlight highlight4. In my opinion, the asking price for that painting far its realvalue.Your answer Correct answerexceeds exceeds5. Sharon was with indecision over where to go to college.Your answer Correct answerfraught fraught6. Her book is a brief, history of World War I.Your answer Correct answerconcise concise7. Too many people accuse students of ignorance about or towardinternational issues.Your answer Correct answerapathy apathy8. The politician wrote a tell-all book in which she her experienceduring the campaign.Your answer Correct answerrecounted recounted9. Risking my entire life savings on a single horse race is not a(n)I'm willing to take.Your answer Correct answergamble gamble10. My mother was a very woman, but she only wanted the best for mysister and me.Your answer Correct answerdemanding demanding11. If you lend me money today, I can you after I get paid on Friday.Your answer Correct answerrepay repay12. Every time the plane hit turbulence, he the armrests tightly.Your answer Correct answerclutched clutched13. The purpose of the canal was to the river and provide water tomore farmland.Your answer Correct answerredirect redirect14. Thankfully, Maria was a tremendous help as I made the into my newposition.Your answer Correct answertransition transition15. Twenty years ago, this was a wealthy, community.Your answer Correct answerthriving thriving16. Please remember that we need to taxes from your paycheck.Your answer Correct answerdeduct deduct17. The virus disabled the software, so we needed to to an earlierversion.Your answer Correct answerrevert revert18. I know you're excited about the possibilities, but please try notto it.Your answer Correct answeroverdo overdo19. Many lost a lot of money when the stock market fell last month.Your answer Correct answerinvestors investors20. My employer offers a(n) benefits package that is difficult to giveup.Your answer Correct answercomprehensive comprehensiveSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21. All right, it's time to pack our things and move to the new officeupstairs.Your answer Correct answerup up22. The counselor suggested that Felipe talk his problems with hisbrother.Your answer Correct answerthrough through23. Thomas has always been, nothing else, a diligent and responsiblestudent.Your answer Correct answerif if24. I find it inconceivable that anyone could turn a free trip to theCaribbean.Your answer Correct answerdown down25. Jordan bought three cases of bottled water fear that the storm wouldcause serious damage.Your answer Correct answerfor for26. all means, please make yourself at home.Your answer Correct answerBy By27. Stephen looked in horror as the fire consumed his apartment building.Your answer Correct answeron on28. After such a long day of work, I want to go home and treat myselfa big piece of chocolate cake.Your answer Correct answerto to29. We're all the same boat; so let's try to be nice to one another.Your answer Correct answerin in30. His question came of the blue and caught me by surprise.Your answer Correct answerout outCorrectYour answeranswer(31) slump slump(32) aimless aimless(33) landlord landlord(34) client client(35) hassle hassle(36) loan loan(37) honesty honesty(38) sympathize sympathize(39) financially financially(40) Fortunately FortunatelyC a b d dUnit21. Forego2. The actress spoke in such a heavy northern that I could barelyunderstand her.Your answer Correct answerdialect dialect3. There's nothing left to do now but the results.Your answer Correct answerawait await4. I love going on vacation, but I always in a sea of work when Ireturn.Your answer Correct answerdrown drown5. After three huge successes, George became one of the most peoplein Hollywood.Your answer Correct answerinfluential influential6. There have been far too many disappearances in this town for mytaste.Your answer Correct answermysterious mysterious7. It drives me crazy that Steve can sit around and be when there'sso much work to do!Your answer Correct answeridel idle8. His shifty eyes and smarmy personality do little to a trustworthycharacter.Your answer Correct answerfoster foster9. She brings her lunch to work, but today she decided to eat out.Your answer Correct answernormally normally10. The of alcohol as an illegal drug will only make the problem worse.Your answer Correct answerclassification classification11. "Don't your little brother! Take him with you."Your answer Correct answerexclude exclude12. It's difficult for someone of his to go out in publicunrecognized.Your answer Correct answerstature stature13. My interview with a panel of professors is the only left beforeI earn my degree.Your answer Correct answerobstacle obstacle14. After years of , the old house on the corner was finally torn down.Your answer Correct answerneglect neglect15. If you want to write a book about traveling in Europe, it's tohave actually been there before.Your answer Correct answeradvantageous advantageous16. I'm going to invest my money in Microsoft, and I strongly suggestyou do .Your answer Correct answerlikewise likewise17. It is critical to your sources when you make an argument.Your answer Correct answercite cite18. This month's bestselling novel has a(n) that is rarely seen inliterature.Your answer Correct answeroriginality originality19. It's difficult to with people if you don't speak the samelanguage.Your answer Correct answerinteract interact20. It's common for politicians to use almost anything as againsttheir opponents.Your answer Correct answerammunition ammunitionSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21The toughest thing about moving away was when I had to part my book. c ollection.Your answer Correct answerwith with22 . The spring season, it were, doesn't really exist here since we go straight from winter into summer.Your answer Correct answeras as23.Please leave me alone; I'm simply looking some peace and quiet.Your answer Correct answerfor for24.After looking at his old pictures, James longed go back to China.Your answer Correct answerto to25.Just tell me the truth and don't toy my emotions!Your answer Correct answerwith with26 . Mona decided to seek her biological parents after she found out she was adopted.Your answer Correct answerout out27.the most part, I think the kids enjoyed our vacation this year.Your answer Correct answerFor For28She picks up some extra money by being a tour guide the side..Your answer Correct answeron on29 . I think the reason we're such good friends is because we have so much common.Your answer Correct answerin in30 . If you learn to look this class as an opportunity, you might not be so miserable.Your answer Correct answerupon uponYour answer Correct answer(31) recommendationrecommendation(32) adventurer adventurer(33) stereotypical stereotypical(34) gratuitous gratuitous(35) confront confront(36) enlightenment enlightenment(37) sacrifice sacrifice(38) undoing undoing(39) desperately desperately(40) tackle tackleB d b c aUnit31. Throughout history, many people have attempted to find the _____ secretto success, but relatively few have actually done it.a. elusiveb. evasivec. illusoryd. eloquent2. It was hard for Cynthia to remain uninvolved with the controversy sinceshe is such a _____ part of the company.a. visibilityb. risiblec. visibled. visibly3. "Officer Clarke, in the best interest of the case, please considerabsolutely everything to be at your _____."a. disposeb. disposalc. disposingd. disposed4. The mountain climbers demonstrated a(n) _____ feat of selflessness whenthey turned around to help an injured stranger.a. advantageousb. gorgeousc. outrageousd. courageous5. Many movie stars are notorious for wearing excessive amounts ofexpensive _____.a. jewelleryb. jewelsc. jewelersd. jewelling6. Her novel successfully _____ an entire generation of young women tobelieve they could be whatever they wanted.a. emboldenedb. embitteredc. empoweredd. embroidered7. I'm not really a _____ of pop culture trends, so can you explain thatreference to mea. flowerb. followerc. fellowd. fallowing8. We just moved into town so we're still a little _____.a. unsettlingb. settlersc. settledd. unsettled9. The movie is fantastic, but you'll need to _____ your disbelief towardthe end.a. upendb. suspendc. dependd. misspend10. Don't _____ Jack's determination to do whatever it takes to win.a. underestimateb. overestimatec. estimated. misestimate11. As judge, I _____ over this courtroom and have the final say on allmatters.a. presideb. residec. presumed. resume12. Please stay back! This is a _____ area!a. constrictedb. districtedc. restrictedd. unrestricted13. The moon shone down and cast a _____ glow over the entire field.a. luminosityb. luminousc. luminald. luminously14. The state dinner is a _____ affair, so please dress appropriately.a. distinctiveb. respectablec. dramaticd. formal15. Stock prices rose _____ after the company publically announced its newproduct.a. dramaticallyb. magicallyc. looselyd. exclusively16. The colonists began to form a _____ in response to the unfair taxes.a. rebelb. rebellionc. rebelliousd. rebelling17. After striking the iceberg, the ship quickly sank into the _____ depths.a. skinnyb. preppyc. murkyd. baggy18. I'm not a good typist, so I find it easier to _____ all of my emails.a. dictateb. elucidatec. explicated. exacerbate19. To accommodate increased traffic, city planners are going to expand the_____of the highway.a. lengthb. heightc. depthd. width20. Let's be proactive and do something instead of just watching thesituation _____.a. ameliorateb. collaboratec. deteriorated. elaborate21. Things didn't quite turn the way I expected, but I'm still happywith the result.Your answer Correct answerout out22. You can't fool me; I'm wise the way things work around here.Your answer Correct answerto to23. My question sparked much discussion in the group about rightversus wrong.Your answer Correct answeroff off24. They didn't know it, but they were playing right our hands thewhole time.Your answer Correct answerinto into25. Leslie broke her argument into three main points.Your answer Correct answerdown down26. It was pure luck that we chanced the fossilized remains of thedinosaur.Your answer Correct answerupon upon27. Our town was named the explorer who first discovered the nearbywaterfall.Your answer Correct answerafter after28. After the ship sank, wreckage washed on shore for weeks.Your answer Correct answerup up29. Some of the oldest headstones in the graveyard were completelyworn so we couldn't tell whom they belonged to.Your answer Correct answeraway away30. The novel revolves a protagonist who is searching for a lost cityof gold.Your answer Correct answeraround aroundYour answer Correct answer(31) glamorous glamorous(32) individuality individuality(33) credentials credentials(34) stunning stunning(35) daring daring(36) superficial superficial(37) lavish lavish(38) exclusively exclusively(39) inescapable inescapable(40) lure lureD a c c dUnit41. We've been living in bliss ever since our wedding.Your answer Correct answermarital marital2. Sandra is going to study in Asia next semester.Your answer Correct answeroverseas overseas3. It's critical that tests with material students are learning inthe classroom.Your answer Correct answeralign align4. The lawyer spent all week trying to evidence against the suspect.Your answer Correct answercompile compile5. We can't afford to lose Thomas—he's our most employee.Your answer Correct answerindispensable indispensable6. Even though it was only a(n) wound, the cut was incrediblypainful.Your answer Correct answersuperficial superficial7. Lori is an expert at using lies and flattery to the people aroundher and get what she wants.Your answer Correct answerdeceive deceive8. My puppy is notorious for the looks he gives when he's hungry.Your answer Correct answerpathetic pathetic9. Please the police if you see anything suspicious.Your answer Correct answernotify notify10. Unfortunately, the new regulations aren't with the law, sothey'll need to change.Your answer Correct answercompatible compatibleSection B: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.11Don't trust my brother, he's _____ to do or say anything..a. libelb. unreliablec. reliabled. liable12If you become a member, you'll have access to _____ deals and offers. .a. inclusiveb. exclusivec. reclusived. elusive13I can teach any type of math, but I _____ in geometry..a. specialb. specialtyc. especiallyd. specialize14Winning the lottery is possible, but it's certainly not _____. .a. probablyb. probablec. probabilityd. probabilistic15 . We've been with the same bank for years, and I've never had a _____ about their service.a. complaintb. publicityc. restraintd. vanity16 . I want to wait until the stock market begins to _____ before I invest; it's just too volatile right now.a. declineb. stabilizec. increased. neutralize17.That actress is best known for her _____ laugh—it's like no other.a. familiarb. ordinaryc. distinctived. renowned18 . Schoolchildren are usually taught the importance of their national _____ very early.a. weatherb. downturnc. savingsd. heritage19It simply makes good _____ sense to save money for retirement..a. economicalb. economicsc. economistd. economy20After discussing the situation, Carlos and I came to a(n) _____. agreement with which we were both satisfied.a. communalb. independentc. mutuald. dualSection C: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Please put the gun, and we can talk about this calmly.Your answer Correct answerdown down22 . She laid the paperwork on the table so she could finally get organized.Your answer Correct answer out out23 . Unfortunately, the new owner simply helped the situation go bad to worse.Your answer Correct answerfrom from24 . Nicholas managed to carve a unique niche, and he got lots of customers because of what he could offer.Your answer Correct answerout out25 . After my husband lost his job, we were forced to cut back many things we didn't really need.Your answer Correct answeron on26.Rent must be paid full by the 1st of the month.Your answer Correct answerin in27.In the end, it all boils to who you know, not what you know.Your answer Correct answerdown down28 . The sad truth is that far too many people simply scrape and live from day to day.Your answer Correct answerby by29After many profitable years, the economic downturn ultimately. f orced the company the red.Your answer Correct answerinto into30 . I want everyone to pair with a classmate and act out this scene of the play.Your answer Correct answerup upYour answer Correct answer(31) wicked wicked(32) desirabledesirable(33)devastating devasta ting(34) abject abject(35) greed greed(36) jealous jealous(37) prone prone(38) naturallynaturally (39) yearn yearn(40)unrealistic unreali sticC d a b d Unit51. The poet gave an incredibly speech and brought many people totears.Your answer Correct answereloquent eloquent2. What's the proper required for eating dinner with a princeYour answer Correct answeretiquette etiquette3. My daughter shows a(n) curiosity not usual for someone so young.Your answer Correct answerintellectual intellectual4. I like the debate team at school because we always have suchconversations.Your answer Correct answeranimated animated5. What's your to go fishing next weekendYour answer Correct answeravailabiity availability6. Her brother was with their father's fortune after he passed away.Your answer Correct answerentrusted entrusted7. Sadly, my grandmother went through much of her life feeling likethere was a(n) connected to her skin color.Your answer Correct answerstigma stigma。
新标准大学英语综合教程4_Unit_test_1-4答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 1 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.∙fraught∙clutched∙revert∙recounted∙comprehensive∙upcoming∙transition∙apathy∙deduct∙gamble∙demanding∙highlight∙redirect∙investors∙exceeds∙repay∙concise∙embellish∙overdo∙thriving1.face value.Your answer Correct answerembellish embellish2.upcoming upcoming3.Your answer Correct answerhighlight highlight4.Your answer Correct answerexceeds exceeds5.Your answer Correct answerfraught fraught6.Your answer Correct answerconcise concise7.issues.Your answer Correct answerapathy apathy8.campaign.Your answer Correct answerrecounted recounted9.take.Your answer Correct answergamble gamble10.me.Your answer Correct answerdemanding demanding11.repay repay12.Your answer Correct answerclutched clutched13.Your answer Correct answerredirect redirect14.position.Your answer Correct answertransition transition15.Your answer Correct answerthriving thriving16.Your answer Correct answerdeduct deduct17.Your answer Correct answerrevert revert18.Your answer Correct answeroverdo overdo19.Your answer Correct answerinvestors investors20.Your answer Correct answercomprehensive comprehensiveSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerup up22.Your answer Correct answerthrough through23.Your answer Correct answerif if24.Your answer Correct answerdown down25.serious damage.Your answer Correct answerfor forYour answer Correct answerBy By27.Your answer Correct answeron on28.chocolate cake.Your answer Correct answerto to29.Your answer Correct answerin in30.Your answer Correct answerout outPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Patrick is in a bit of a financialhe can get. Ever since he graduated from college, he's been fairlymoving around a lot and working lots of small odd jobs. He can't seem to decide what he wants to do.He had been working for a law firm, but he recently got laid off. Now he's having difficulty paying hisrent, and hisPatrick might soon be a newI usually make it a rule to not lend money to friends, but Patrick's in a bad situation. I'm going tomake an exception and give him a smallback. He's always been known for hisIt's difficult not tomuch better situation,him before we know it!Your answer Correct answer(31) slump slump(32) aimless aimless(33) landlord landlord(34) client client(35) hassle hassle(36) loan loan(37) honesty honesty(38) sympathize sympathize(39) financially financially(40) Fortunately FortunatelyPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.You've written your resume. You've fine tuned your cover letter. You've completed the application. You've lined up your references. Finally, you've been invited to an interview for a job! Interviewing for jobs can be a daunting (yet exhilarating) prospect. Like anything, you will get better with practice. However, the more practice you have in job interviews usually means you're also racking up the rejections, and no one likes to experience too much rejection.Now that you've landed an interview, what's the best way to impress the hiring official, be invited back for a second interview, and get offered the job? You need to be prepared, and, surprisingly, it's incredibly important to know what not to say during an interview. One slip could mean the difference between a job offer and a rejection. With that in mind, here are the things you should never say during a job interview.How much does the job pay?As a general rule, wages and salaries are not usually discussed during a first interview. Asking about this makes you seem like you only care about money. Even if you are invited to a second or third interview, let the employer bring up the topic of money. Be prepared to tell them how much you're expecting. Give a range of what you'd accept rather than a specific amount. Estimating too high or too low might automatically knock you out of the running. It's important to do your research, though. How much do other employers pay? What's the going rate for the position?What does your company do?If you don't know what the company makes or does, why are you interviewing for them? Do your research. With the unbelievable amount of information available on the Internet and at the local library,there's absolutely no excuse for ignorance. You should walk into the interview knowing a lot about the company.I didn't get along with my old boss because . . .Criticizing a previous employer implies that you may do the same to them when you leave. Instead, explain how you overcame a difference of opinion and how you managed difficult situations. Don't dwell on negative issues, and make your answer short.I don't have any questions for you.Of course you do. Saying you don't have any questions indicates you aren't very interested in the job or don't know much about the company. Do your research and walk into the interview with questions. Try to think of questions that the interviewer won't answer as part of the introduction. For example, ask about expansion plans or future development within the company.I've been going through a rough patch at home . . .Interviewers will probably ask you to share something about yourself. Remember to keep your response pertinent to the job and position. Talk about your education, previous employment, goals, and ambitions. If you mention hobbies or personal interests, keep it short. Do not discuss personal problems.In five years, I want to live on a tropical island.When asked about your future, employers want to know how your goals will benefit their company. Saying anything else will tell them that you aren't ambitious or interested in the job at hand. What do you want to achieve in this job or in this industry?41. Of the following, which is the least likely place you would find this article?A. Business magazine.B. College newspaper.C. Management textbook.D. Online blog.42. Which of the following would make the best title for this article?A. What Not to Say in a Job InterviewB. Landing the Perfect JobC. Acing Your Next Job InterviewD. How to Get a Job Interview43. According to this article, what is an acceptable topic of discussion in a job interview?A. Details of your "dream job".B. Hobbies and personal interests.C. Details of a recent divorce.D. Disagreements you had with a previous employer.44. Based on this information, potential employers are interested in which of the following qualities?A. Apathy.B. Sympathy.C. Honesty.D. Ambition.45. With which of the following statements would the writer of this article agree?A. There are only six things you shouldn't say during an interview.B. In a job interview, you should answer all questions as quickly as possible.C. You should share as little about yourself in an interview as possible.D. Every answer you give during an interview should be well thought out.新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 2 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Section A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.∙mysterious∙neglect∙normally∙interact∙dialect∙exclude∙influential∙cite∙foster∙likewise∙await∙obstacle∙classification∙idle∙ammunition∙drown∙advantageous∙forego∙stature∙originality1.Your answer Correct answerforego forego2.Your answer Correct answerdialect dialect3.Your answer Correct answerawait await4.Your answer Correct answerdrown drown5.Hollywood.Your answer Correct answerinfluential influential6.Your answer Correct answermysterious mysterious7.do!Your answer Correct answeridle idle8.Your answer Correct answerfoster foster9.Your answer Correct answernormally normally10.Your answer Correct answerclassification classification11.Your answer Correct answerexclude exclude12.Your answer Correct answerstature stature13.Your answer Correct answerobstacle obstacle14.Your answer Correct answerneglect neglect15.been there before.Your answer Correct answeradvantageous advantageous16.Your answer Correct answerlikewise likewise17.Your answer Correct answercite cite18.Your answer Correct answeroriginality originality19.Your answer Correct answerinteract interact20.opponents.Your answer Correct answerammunition ammunitionSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerwith with22.winter into summer.Your answer Correct answeras as23.Your answer Correct answerfor for24.Your answer Correct answerto to25.Your answer Correct answerwith with26.Your answer Correct answerout outYour answer Correct answerFor For28.Your answer Correct answeron on29.Your answer Correct answerin in30.Your answer Correct answerupon uponPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.I'm looking for a good book to read. Can you give me a(n)generally like to read fiction, but I will read nonfiction if the story is good. I'm a(n)I usually don't like boring stories that featurewith no originality. I don't mind action, but I can do without anyunnecessary violence.Do you have any ideas? In my opinion, the best literature features characters that faceunbelievable odds,of personalwill inevitably face a decision that might involve a(n)his or herI'mknow what you would recommend. At this point, I'm ready tobook, no matter how long!Your answer Correct answer(31) recommendation recommendation(32) adventurer adventurer(33) stereotypical stereotypical(34) gratuitous gratuitous(35) confront confront(36) enlightenment enlightenment(37) sacrifice sacrifice(38) undoing undoing(39) desperately desperately(40) tackle tacklePart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.It is difficult, by sheer popularity and fame of the story, to read or listen to Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol without conjuring up images from one of the many preexisting dramatic productions of the tale. Unfortunately, we often focus on the popular dramatizations of the story to the exclusion of the message that lies at its heart. The story is now a staple of the Western Christmas tradition, but many people don't fully understand why. A Christmas Carol is a very simple and straightforward presentation of the dangers associated with power and greed. However, the story has a more fundamental (if somewhat clichéd by today's standards) message: seize the day and take advantage of all that life has to offer. The reader is left with the notion that, within all of us, there exist qualities that can be improved to unknowable benefit, and it is our responsibility to make necessary improvements in order to realize those benefits.We see, in Ebenezer Scrooge, an individual almost entirely consumed by greed with little or no worries for the rest of humanity. He is, obviously, an extreme case with whom it is difficult to identify. His days are spent in concentration over his money and how best to underuse it, and his life has been wasted on this cause. He squanders his days while those around him, such as his nephew and Bob Cratchit, attempt to live their lives and make them worthwhile.When Marley visits Scrooge in his bedroom, he explains what will soon happen and why and says, "It is required of every man, that the spirit within him should walk abroad among his fellowmen, and travel far and wide." Marley never did this and is condemned to walk forever in chains after death. Scrooge, also, has never done this, and his visits with the three ghosts are meant to awaken that inside of him which has been dead all his life. Scrooge's journeys with the three ghosts are also meant to make the reader reexamine his or her own life.Scrooge, as well as the reader, also learns that in a self-absorbed existence based on the exclusion of others, we succumb to ignorance. Ignorance of others and the world around us breeds contempt for that which we do not understand and creates an inescapable trap into which we inevitably fall. Scrooge did not understand this and ultimately fell victim to his own vices. We, as both readers and human beings, are todraw from Scrooge's experiences his final lessons from the ghosts and not become victim to the sametraps which befell him.41. This passage is an example of what type of writing?A. Autobiography.B. Literary analysis.C. Persuasive writing.D. Fiction.42. Which paragraph includes a discussion of the lessons that readers of the story should learn?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.43. Based on this passage, who is the main character of A Christmas Carol?A. Charles Dickens.B. Ebenezer Scrooge.C. Bob Cratchit.D. Marley.44. The first paragraph of this passage implies that Dickens' story has been very _____.A. repetitiveB. prodigiousC. influentialD. stereotypical45. What is the main point of this passage?A. Readers should learn the same lessons as characters do in the story.B. Readers have no connection to characters in the story.C. Readers should act in opposition to characters in the story.D. Readers can create their own characters in the story.新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 3 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.1. Throughout history, many people have attempted to find the _____ secret to success, butrelatively few have actually done it.a. elusiveb. evasivec. illusoryd. eloquent2. It was hard for Cynthia to remain uninvolved with the controversy since she is such a _____ partof the company.a. visibilityb. risiblec. visibled. visibly3. "Officer Clarke, in the best interest of the case, please consider absolutely everything to be atyour _____."a. disposeb. disposalc. disposingd. disposed4. The mountain climbers demonstrated a(n) _____ feat of selflessness when they turned around tohelp an injured stranger.a. advantageousb. gorgeousc. outrageousd. courageous5. Many movie stars are notorious for wearing excessive amounts of expensive _____.a. jewelleryb. jewelsc. jewelersd. jewelling6. Her novel successfully _____ an entire generation of young women to believe they could bewhatever they wanted.a. emboldenedb. embitteredc. empoweredd. embroidered7. I'm not really a _____ of pop culture trends, so can you explain that reference to me?a. flowerb. followerc. fellowd. fallowing8. We just moved into town so we're still a little _____.a. unsettlingb. settlersc. settledd. unsettled9. The movie is fantastic, but you'll need to _____ your disbelief toward the end.a. upendb. suspendc. dependd. misspend10. Don't _____ Jack's determination to do whatever it takes to win.a. underestimateb. overestimatec. estimated. misestimate11. As judge, I _____ over this courtroom and have the final say on all matters.a. presideb. residec. presumed. resume12. Please stay back! This is a _____ area!a. constrictedb. districtedc. restrictedd. unrestricted13. The moon shone down and cast a _____ glow over the entire field.a. luminosityb. luminousc. luminald. luminously14. The state dinner is a _____ affair, so please dress appropriately.a. distinctiveb. respectablec. dramaticd. formal15. Stock prices rose _____ after the company publically announced its new product.a. dramaticallyb. magicallyc. looselyd. exclusively16. The colonists began to form a _____ in response to the unfair taxes.a. rebelb. rebellionc. rebelliousd. rebelling17. After striking the iceberg, the ship quickly sank into the _____ depths.a. skinnyb. preppyc. murkyd. baggy18. I'm not a good typist, so I find it easier to _____ all of my emails.a. dictateb. elucidatec. explicated. exacerbate19. To accommodate increased traffic, city planners are going to expand the _____of the highway.a. lengthb. heightc. depthd. width20. Let's be proactive and do something instead of just watching the situation _____.a. ameliorateb. collaboratec. deteriorated. elaborateSection B: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable preposition or adverb.21.Your answer Correct answerout out22.Your answer Correct answerto to23.Your answer Correct answeroff off24.Your answer Correct answerinto into25.Your answer Correct answerdown down26.Your answer Correct answerupon upon27.Your answer Correct answerafter after28.Your answer Correct answerup up29.couldn't tell whom they belonged to.Your answer Correct answeraway away30.Your answer Correct answeraround aroundPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Everyone's always told me that I should be a model. I have to admit, it does sound like it wouldbe a(n)could also be a great opportunity to assert mymy age, I'm not sure I have the experience orIt takes more than a(n)You also need to have near infinite patience.Many people are under the impression that the fashion and modeling industry attracts only verycould be further from the truth. Yes, there are some models who only care about their ownappearance, wealth, andthe fashion and modeling world has a strong —andI'm one of them.Your answer Correct answer(31) unstable glamorous(32) individuality individuality(33) credentials credentials(34) stunning stunning(35) glamorous daring(36) superficial superficial(37) lavish lavish(38) exclusively exclusively(39) inescapable inescapable(40) lure lurePart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.The debate over school uniforms is one of the most controversial issues affecting public school students. Though uniforms have long been a staple of private schools, they are still a rarity in public schools. This is not merely a debate over the aesthetics of fashion. Rather, this debate lies at the very heart of the politics of fashion.What students choose to wear (and what their parents allow them to wear) to school consistently rouses strong feelings and animated discussion. Much has already been said in defense of and against school uniforms, and I won't belabor the individual points further. There are many valid points on both sides of the argument. Instead, I intend to explain why I personally stand in opposition to school uniforms and highlight the reasons why uniforms would serve very little purpose in our specific school district.For the most part, students in our district are well behaved and don't approach any semblance of extreme behavior or expression. Administrators seem to be more worried about a potential escalation of student expression that so far has shown no indication of materializing. Principals and other district administrators are chasing shadows—they're looking to solve a problem that doesn't exist. Our district has no history of student activism, and there are only a few examples of flagrant violations of the existing dresscode. In short, there is absolutely no precedent to believe that students will choose to begin acting out against authority through fashion statements.School uniforms seem to be an inappropriate response to a nonexistent problem. It is an unnecessary exertion of power by administrators who don't know how to properly exercise authority. Let's take a moment to consider a hypothetical school district that is overwhelmed by student discipline problems. Would the institution of school uniforms be an appropriate response in that case? I would argue in the negative. Uniforms, by themselves, would in no way prevent students from expressing themselves or their views. Improper and unpopular behavior will not be stifled by a school uniform. It may actually make the situation worse, as resentment over the mandatory clothing would likely be great.School uniforms obviously interfere with students' right to self-expression—a right that should be protected in the public school system. In addition, mandating that all students wear identical (and unattractive) outfits enforces the message that conformity is the preferred method to prevent or resolve conflict. This is certainly not an appropriate message for our schools to be sending to children.41. This style of writing would best be described as _______.A. expositoryB. descriptiveC. narrativeD. argumentative42. Of the following, which is the most likely place you would find this article?A. Newspaper editorial.B. Academic journal.C. Fashion blog.D. Education magazine.43. According to the author, which is NOT the reason why school uniforms are a bad idea?A. They are a violation of students' rights.B. There is no justification for their use in the local district.C. They are expensive and many students can't afford them.D. They don't adequately address the problem they are intended to solve.44. In which paragraph does the author use a metaphor to describe school administrators?A. Paragraph 1.B. Paragraph 2.C. Paragraph 3.D. Paragraph 4.45. Based on this passage, it seems likely that the author would never _____ the use of schooluniforms.A. suspendB. dictateC. empowerD. condone新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 4 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.∙pathetic∙superficial∙indispensable∙overseas∙notify∙deceive∙align∙marital∙compatible∙compile1.Your answer Correct answermarital marital2.Your answer Correct answeroverseas overseas3.Your answer Correct answeralign align4.Your answer Correct answercompile compile5.We can't afford to lose Thomas—Your answer Correct answerindispensable indispensable6.Your answer Correct answersuperficial superficial7.she wants.Your answer Correct answerdeceive deceive8.Your answer Correct answerpathetic pathetic9.Your answer Correct answernotify notify10.change.Your answer Correct answercompatible compatibleSection B: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.11. Don't trust my brother, he's _____ to do or say anything.a. libelb. unreliablec. reliabled. liable12. If you become a member, you'll have access to _____ deals and offers.a. inclusiveb. exclusivec. reclusived. elusive13. I can teach any type of math, but I _____ in geometry.a. specialb. specialtyc. especiallyd. specialize14. Winning the lottery is possible, but it's certainly not _____.a. probablyb. probablec. probabilityd. probabilistic15. We've been with the same bank for years, and I've never had a _____ about their service.a. complaintb. publicityc. restraintd. vanity16. I want to wait until the stock market begins to _____ before I invest; it's just too volatile right now.a. declineb. stabilizec. increased. neutralize17. That actress is best known for her _____ laugh—it's like no other.a. familiarb. ordinaryc. distinctived. renowned18. Schoolchildren are usually taught the importance of their national _____ very early.a. weatherb. downturnc. savingsd. heritage19. It simply makes good _____ sense to save money for retirement.a. economicalb. economicsc. economistd. economy20. After discussing the situation, Carlos and I came to a(n) _____ agreement with which we wereboth satisfied.a. communalb. independentc. mutuald. dualSection C: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Your answer Correct answerdown down22.Your answer Correct answerout out23.Your answer Correct answerfrom from24.of what he could offer.Your answer Correct answerout out25.really need.Your answer Correct answeron on26.Your answer Correct answerin in27.who you know, not what you know.Your answer Correct answerdown down28.Your answer Correct answerby by29. After many profitable years, the economic downturn ultimately forced the companyYour answer Correct answerinto into30.Your answer Correct answerup upPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Money. Some people think it's the root of all evil and the source of everythingand can't get enough. The truth, as always, is somewhere in between.It's true that money (or the lack of it) can havethemselves inalso true that money can easily lead to uncontrollablesimply can't get enough. Many of these people will lead similarly unfulfilling lives.The people who command true respect and of whom we should bethose who have successfully found the middle ground. Humans are nottoward poverty or wealth. Instead, weIndeed, most people desperatelythan what we realistically need is simplyYour answer Correct answer(31) wicked wicked(32) desirable desirable(33) devastating devastating(34) abject abject(35) greed greed(36) jealous jealous(37) prone prone(38) naturally naturally(39) yearn yearn(40) unrealistic unrealisticPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Though we may not like to admit it, dishonesty is all too prevalent in the world. There have always been and will always be people who lie, cheat, or steal to get what they want. Dishonesty has many faces. Some of them are obvious, and some are more clandestine. Producing counterfeit products—products that are not the genuine article—is one of the more widespread forms of dishonesty. The practice affects almost every industry in every country of the world.Official currency is not immune to this problem. Indeed, counterfeit banknotes have been a problem for nearly as long as people have used money. Many governments (who print and regulate national currencies) have fought back by creating banknotes that are incredibly difficult to copy. High-tech security features are embedded within the money to identify the note as legal and genuine. Modern banknotes are not merely slips of paper; they are essentially sophisticated pieces of technology!In most countries of the world, the printing and issue of banknotes is handled exclusively by the government or a government-owned bank. In the United Kingdom, however, there are seven retail banks, in addition to the central Bank of England, that are authorized to print their own banknotes. These seven banks are located in, and print currency unique to, Scotland and Northern Ireland.Founded in 1694, the Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom, and it primarily serves England and Wales. For nearly 300 years, the Bank of England has been issuing banknotes, and for nearly 300 years, counterfeit notes have been a problem. In response to this ongoing threat, the following security features have been developed.∙Banknotes are printed on special paper that is highly durable and has a unique feel.∙Raised lettering is used throughout the notes, particularly on the words Bank of England.∙ A metallic thread weaves through every note. It looks like a broken line across the note, but if you hold it up to the light, it appears as a continuous dark line.∙There is a watermark of the Queen that is visible when held up to the light.∙Every note has a 3D hologram design that alternates between the value of the note and an image of Britannia.∙If the note is placed under an ultra-violet light, the number (5, 10, 20, or 50. will appear as bright red and green.∙Microlettering beneath the Queen's portrait is only visible with a magnifying glass.The Bank of England prints notes in denominations of £5, £10, £20, and £50. The above security features are common to all four values. £20 and £50 banknotes have additional features that make them even more difficult to counterfeit.。
新标准大学英语综合教程4__课后答案
Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn’t easy to mak e the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself(a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or(b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject? Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually froma bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features. - 3 -1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE). Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics. Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (sho wing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe witha job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really d id seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well)Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academicallyorientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything. Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family. Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get thepromotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad. Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.- 5 -You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise. collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it? You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “k issing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on aboutopportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案.doc
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案综合教程4课后答案 Handouts and Key to book4 unit1-4 Unit 1 Active reading (1) Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Background information About the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published in September 2008 in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and in Britain in particular, for a number of years there has been a rising number of students who go to university and therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job became harder in 2008–2009 because the economic downturn – then a recession – meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobs and then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. The article addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuck at home and advises their parents to be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if they need help). The article recommendsfinding work in a bar or supermarket rather than sitting unemployedat home since this is more likely to lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but also of a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey language and problem-solving advice to parents). Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficult for university graduates? Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% of young adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitive situation became a lot worse in 2008 onwards with the credit crunch and economic depression, which meant that there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be active to seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and try to get job interviews: they won’t find employment by lying on the sofa at home. Culture points honours degree: Traditionally, in the British university system, BA and BSc honours degrees are awarded in different categories: a first classdegree (written using Roman numbers as I), a second (divided into two subc ategories, written as IIii and IIii, which are called “a two one” and “a two two”), a third (written III) and a pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also ordinary degrees with moregeneral courses of study without these categories. Generation Y and Grunt: The main idea here is that there is a succession of different generations or cohorts of adults who come into the workforce in North America which are given different informal names to characterize them. First, “Baby boomers” were born in the gr eat increase (the boom) of births after World War II (1946–1960), followed by “Generation X” people (born 1960–1980) who were said to bring new attitudes ofbeing independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expected to getskills and have a career before t hem. “GenerationY” or the“Millenial Generation” (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the new millenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by doting parents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diverse people in a multicultural society. In the passage, this generation is nowbecoming (morphing into) Generation Grunt, which is an ironic name referring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work – this may be the only work available to some graduates, who may have totake very ordinary jobs to get experience before they find something more suitable. “Grunt” also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig; when people “grunt” they exp ress disgust but do not communicate with words –this may be how the parents of new graduates think their children communicate with them! A comprehensive refers to a British type of secondary school which became popular in the1960s. Before that there were academic “grammar schools” and more general “secondary modern” schools for those who did not pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schools were designed for all students in asocial philosophy of bringing diverse students together whether they were academic or not. Those students who went to a comprehensiveschool probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backside off) to get to university, compared to those who went to grammar schools where all students were academic –comprehensive students felt they had to struggle to get to university. Chicken suit This refers to a large yellow costume that someone wears which makesthe person look like a giant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a jobadvertising for a restaurant called El Pollo Loco (The Crazy Chicken’ in Spanish) – the job meant that he had to walk around the streetslike a chicken to attract customers to come to the restaurant. Language points 1 Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to the odd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1) The parents paid a lot of money for their son’s university fees and living expenses (so that he could eat well) andfor occasional social events – at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgotten because the parents were proud. But now the parents are thinking of money again because the son doesn’t have ajob and doesn’t seem to be actively seeking one. 2 This former scionof Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt. (Para 2) The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents’ generation who worked hard, got jobs, and had good careers andexpected their son to do the same) has changed into a member of Generation Grunt –he doesn’t seem to communicate much, lies around and doesn’t get a job (or can only do a low status routing job). 3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being‘too detached’ and talking in language that was ‘tootechnocratic’, which I didn’t think possible, but obviously it is. (Para 5) He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but hewas criticized in the selection interviews: They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used the languageof a technical expert or high authority). As a new graduate heprobably wanted to show his expertise in his language so he can’t understand this criticism. 4 For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” before heading to the pub. (Para 6) The others who do not have aroutine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket shelf)chill out all day (they spend their time casually relaxing – they don’t look for work) and go to pub for a drink in the evening. 5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a good university …(Para 6) He went to a school for students of allabilities (not to a special school for academic students) and so hehad to work very hard to enter a good university: Your backside means your bottom – the part of your body that you sit on – to work your backside off is informal and it means you work very hard indeed. 6 …but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky to advise him on how to proceed. (Para 7) The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she does not have relevant personal experience. For her, it is tricky to give advice (difficult to do). 7 Carry onlife as normal and don’t allow them to abuse your bank account orsap your reserve of emotional energy. (Para 11) The advice from Gael Lindenfield here is that parents should live as usual. They should neither let theirchildren spend the parents’ money unnecessarily,nor let the problem take away all their energy and emotions. Saptheir reserve means use up their store of emotional energy. 8 After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into the saddle. (Para 12) Then the parents should gently push their children firmly so that they get back into control of their lives. Reading and understanding 2 Choose the best answer to the questions. Teachingtips Go over the correct answers with Ss and ask them to explain why the other answers are wrong (See below). 1 Why hasn’t Jack Goodwin got a job yet? (a) He doesn’t have a very good degree. (No, he has a 2:1 which is considered a good degree. ) (b) He refuses to apply for jobs with low salaries. (He feels he should get a better job after studying at university.) (c) It isn’t easy to get a job in thecurrent financial climate. (This may be true but the passage does not mention this.) (d) He prefers to stay at home and help his family. (No, he doesn’t seem to be helping his family: he watches TV andtalks to friends.) 2 How does he spend a typical day? (a) Doing a temporary job. (No, some of his friends are working in temporary jobs but he doesn’t want to do this.) (b) Watching television. (He watches TV a lot.) (c) Queuing up in the university careers service. (No, he went there onc e but he didn’t want to queue so he walked away.) (d) Preparing for the next job interview. (No, he doesn’t seem to be preparing for interviews.) 3 How do most of his friends spend the day? (a) They do nothing all day and go to the pub in the evening. (All except one of them do nothing except chill, then theygo to the pub.) (b) They do outdoor activities such as sailing. (No, none of them seem to do outdoor activities; there is no mention of sailing.) (c) They are forced to work by their parents. (No, only one of them has been forced out to stack shelves by his parents; the others seem to be like Jack.) (d) They do part-time jobs such asworking in a bar. (No, the text mentions bar work but none of Jack’s friends seem to do this work.) 4 How are Jack’s pare nts helping him?(a) By looking for jobs for him. (No, Jack has tried to get a job himself; there’s nothing here about his parents helping him look for a job.) (b) By paying for a trip to South America. (No, although heis going on a three-week trip to South America, the passage does not say that Jack’s parents have paid for this.) (c) By gradually making him more financially aware. (The passage does not say so explicitly, but this is the implication about the cut-off point after the trip when he may be expected to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.) (d) By threatening to throw him out of the house. (No, they haven’t threatened to do this, but they definitely want him to work after he gets back from his trip.) 5 What does Gael Lindenfield say ab out Jack’s parents? (a) They have not really understood Jack’s problems. (No, she doesn’t say this; she says they must balance being positive with not making life too comfortable. This doesn’t mean they haven’t understood Jack’s problems.) (b) They have ma de life too comfortable for Jack. (No, she says they must balance comfort with being positive. This doesn’t necessarily mean that they have already made life too comfortable for Jack.) (c) The approach they have chosen is the right one. (She says they have struck exactly the right note.) (d) They need help from a psychologist. (No, she doesn’t say this.) 6 What do Whoopi Goldberg, Bruce Willis and Brad Pitt have in common? (a) They all did bar work before going to university. (No, we don’t know from the pas sage if any of them did this.) (b) They took part in protests against nuclear power plants. (No, we don’t know is any of them did this) (c) They learnt to act by dressing up as giant chickens. (No, only Brad Pitt did this.) (d) They all did temporary jobs at one stage in their lives. (This is right, although they all had completely different temporary jobs.) Dealing with unfamiliar words 3 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed) 2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition) 3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached) 4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming) 5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump) 6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert) 7 to say whathappened (recount) 4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Manypeople who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, andtend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents. 5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive) 2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop) 3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial) 4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched) 5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate) 6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, andit still hasn’t got better completely. (healed) 6 Answer the questions about the words. 1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future? 2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve? 3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual? 4 Does a pushy person tryto (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say? 5 If you feel apathy, doyou want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases. 1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something? 2 If you arein the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation? 3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something? 4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b)in a lazy way without making a decision? 5 If you strike the rightnote about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly? 6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your bestto do it, or (b) not care about it? 7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy? 8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject? Reading and interpreting 8 Answer the questions. 1 “Will he ever get a job?” Who is askingthis question? What mood does it express? The parents are asking this because the paragraph is addr essed to parents (earlier it says “your graduate son”). The mood seems to express patience or resignation because the word “ever” suggests that getting a job will take along time. 2 Who describes Generation Y as “rebels without a cause”? Is it a fair desc ription? This is the writer’s description toindicate that this generation is rebelling against parents or society, but they have nothing particular to rebel against. This doesn’t seem very fair because the students are trying to find work – it is just tha t they don’t like their parents nagging them. So they are a bit rebellious against their parents, but no more than that. 3 Jack “walked into the university careers service and straight back out again”. What does this suggest about Jack’s character? It sugg ests that Jack is not very determined. As soon as he saw the queue he left without waiting and without trying to ask about jobs or careers. 4 Jack spent the summer “hiding”. Hiding from what? Why are quotation marks used? Probably this means he was hiding from the world of work, staying at home and not looking for a job. The quotation marks tellus that he wasn’t literally hiding, he just spent a lot of time at home. 5 How is Mrs Goodwin’s point of view affected by her own personal experience? In one way he r experience hasn’t affected her attitude: She left school and went immediately to a job (withoutgoing to university) and has been working full-time since then andyet she is sympathetic and takes a soft line. 6 How is Lindenfield’s point of view affected by her own personal experience? Her personal experience was that she worked in a bar before finding her first proper job as an aerial photographic assistant. So she says such work is a great networking opportunity. If new graduates are good at such work and bright, cheerful and polite, they will soon be promoted. Her personal experience thus reflects – or perhaps has created – herpoint of view. 7 What would the first two paragraphs have focused on if they had been presented from the point of view of the students rather than the parents? The first two paragraphs would have focused on the need for the new graduates to rest for a bit after their hard studies. It is OK for students to relax with the TV or to socialize with friends for a while, then they can start a serious search for employment after that. Active reading (2) If you ask me Background information This is an informal and personalized account of an economics graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year and then has an opportunity to be successful (a lucky break). She works in a London pub called “The Salisbury” or “The Marquis Salisbury”, namedafter someone who was the British Prime Minister three times between 1885 and 1902 and whose family once owned the pub’s land. The 100 year old pub is in Leadenhall Street, just off the Charing Cross Road and Leicester Square. Daytime customers can get a pub lunch and evening customers include many office workers and theatre goers (the pub is near many West End theatres). The interior of this pub is dazzling, w ith large mirrors, cut glass and a mahogany décor. British pubs are often named after famous people (Robin Hood, The Duke of Wellington) or royalty (The Queen’s Arms, the Prince of Wales) or historical symbols (The Rose and Crown to represent King Edward III, The Royal Oak to represent King Charles II who once hid in a large oak tree). Other names often include colours and animals (The Red Bull, The Black Horse, The Golden Lion, The Swan) or symbols of traditional trades (The Compasses for carpenters, The Three Hammers for blacksmiths, The Three Tuns for winemakers). As the pub is a social place to meet as well as a place to get a drink, people often play games like dominoes or darts or join a quiz or competition. A common expression is to “go down the pub” or “go round to the local” (both meaning to go to the local pub). Culture points pub in London: A pub is a place where people go for a drink and to meet friends and socialize. People can play games – such as darts, cards, dominoes – in a pub and pubs often have quiz nights, with prizes for the winners, and live music (See also Background information) The Salisbury is a well-known pub in central London (See also Background information) London School of Economics is a distinguished university in central London, famous for social sciences. Language points 1 If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. (Para 1) Inmy opinion (If you ask me introduces an opinion), real life is not everything that people say it is. If a thing is cracked up to be, people normally praise it but in the opinion of the speaker they are wrong. 2 … spending money when you don’t have any is dead easy. (Para 7) Dead here means very. For example, we can say dead tired (exhausted), a dead loss (a complete loss or useless), a dead weight (very heavy, difficult to lift). 3 What were the odds on anyone being so nice? (Para 11) What are the chances that someone would be so nice? The writer is emphasizing here that such kindness is very unusual.4 … looking back after all these years, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succeed. (Para 13) A break here means a chance to be successful. A lucky break is an unexpected opportunity. Reading and understanding 2 Choose the best answer to the questions. 1 Whatdid the writer want to do after finishing her degree? (a) To do an MA at the London School of Economics. (b) To earn some money to pay off her loan. (c) To start working as soon as possible. (d) To return home and help her mother. 2 Why did she ask for a job in The Salisbury? (a) She was hungry and thirsty. (b) She thought it would lead to better things. (c) She was a friend of the landlord. (d) She had the idea when she saw the landlord working. 3 What did she buywith her first salary? (a) A bunch of flowers. (b) A CD and a plantfor the flat she lived in. (c) A ham sandwich and a glass of beer. (d) She didn’t have any money left after paying the bills. 4 Why didTony give her ￡20,000? (a) He found out it was her birthday and wanted to help. (b) He trusted her and thought it would help her. (c) He wanted her to leave the pub and work for him. (d) He was secretlyin love with her. 5 What did she do with the money? (a) She used itto pay for her course at the LSE. (b) She lost a lot of it in the2008 stock market crash. (c) She invested it and paid back Tony and other investors. (d) She used it to start her own business. 6 Why was Tony pleased when she repaid the loan? (a) He had had an accident and needed the money for a wheelchair. (b) It meant that he would be able to see her again. (c) It proved that he had been right to invest in her. (d) She paid back the loan with a lot of interest. 3 Work inpairs and answer the questions. What do we know about the writer’s:1 family background? Her mother had worked hard for 15 years tosup port her education but couldn’t afford any further support. Her father wasn’t around most of the time. He didn’t have any moneybecause he spent it on gambling on dog racing or drinking in pubs. 2 career as a student? She had a good degree in economics and wanted to study for a masters course at the London School of Economics. 3 ambition? She wanted to get a job in finance or investments in London because then she would be able to use her degree. 4 appreciation of other people? She appreciated Mike’s friend liness with customers and his skill, and she appreciated Tony as a nice person; later she appreciated the trust of Tony and his friends 5 love life? We don’t know much about this, except that she doesn’t like boys to hassle her. She thinks they are immature. 6 financial expertise? It must be quite good: She invested the ￡20,000 and made enough profit to pay the money back with interest and set up her own company. 7 sense of responsibility? She has a strong sense of responsibility because she paid back the money to the investors and paid them an annual interest for the loan. 8 philosophy of life? She believes that you should work hard; you may need one or two breaks to succeed but you should know how to use the breaks. You should be honest and responsible with people who trust you. Dealing with unfamiliar words 4 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to showthat you understand someone’s problem s (sympathize) 7 needing a lotof time, ability, and energy (demanding) 5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4. Teaching tips When Ss have completed the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate words, ask them to practice reading the dialogue, trying to maketheir reading sound as conversational as possible. Choose a pair to perform their reading to the class. The class listens and gives the performing pair a rating on a scale of 1-10 for fluency and naturalness. A After three years at university, I’m now quiteheavily in debt. B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s liketo have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need totake out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job. A What did you do? B I worked in a restaurant at weekends. A That must have been very (4) demanding. B Yes, it was. Ihad to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime. A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money? B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going. 6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 When I was at college I keptall my personal things in an old cupboard. 2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs. 3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result. 4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job. 5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote. 6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising. 7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds (6) has thrived (7) honesty 7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing? 2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say? 3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed? 4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan? 5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance? 6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often? 7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nicefor them, or (b) behave badly to them? 9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier? Reading and interpreting 8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features. 1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on aboutopportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find? This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal。
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程第四册Unit4课后练习答案
全新版⼤学英语（第⼆版）综合教程第四册Unit4课后练习答案Unit 4Text AText rganization1.2.Main Events1.Davos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.2.Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice, not anaccident of birth.3.Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital,labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.4.Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnectedmarket-place in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.VocabularyI.1) advantageous 2) let alone3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark5) entitled 6) displace7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen9) contradictions 10) aspires11) divorced 12) pendulums2. 1) come to 2) dozed off3) believed in 4) was set apart5) take in 6) sucks in7) clean up 8) turn away3. 1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest carmaker.3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with hiswife over money matters.4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5)She doesn’t even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.5.a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scaleIII. Usage1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2. The reason(he gave) that he didn ’t notice the car till too late wasunsatisfactory.3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4. C loning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A) 1. academics 3.a variety of 5. vanish 7. endorsing 9. sweeping aside 11. erasing(B)1. aided2.effects3.distances4. connected5. invested6. features7. prevailing8. qualitatively 9. volume 10. Distinguishing2. networking 4. growth 6. facilitate 8. outlook 10. patriotic 12. strike a balance2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4) Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?5) The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries.2．Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas to look for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The internet has strengthened the links betweenChinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don’t seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish. Part III Text BComprehension Check1. c2. a3. b4. b5. c6. dTranslation1.如果9/11 有什么引⼈注⽬的地⽅，那就是恐怖主义者们来⾃世界上全球化程度最低、最不开放、融合程度最低的地⽅：沙特阿拉伯、也门、阿富汗和巴基斯坦西北部。
新标准英语综合教程4unit test单元测试1-5答案.pptx
14. Thankfully, Maria was a tremendous help as I made the into my new position.
Your answer
Correct answer
transition
transition
15. Twenty years ago, this was a wealthy,community.
Your answer thriving
Correct answer thriving
16. Please remember that we need to taxes from your paycheck.
Your answer deduct
Correct answer deduct
17. The virus disabled the software, so we needed to to an earlier version.
Your answer exceeds
Correct answer exceeds
5. Sharon was with indecision over where to go to college.
Your answer fraught
Correct answer fraught
6. Her book is a brief, history of World War I.
Your answer clutched
Correct answer clutched
13. The purpose of the canal was to the river and provide water to more farmland.
新标准大学英语综合教程4__课后答案之欧阳引擎创编
应 Key to book4 unit1-4欧阳引擎（2021.01.01）Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Reading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their careeris going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when(4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass,they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard(6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or fouryears away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependentagain on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you bylistening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) inthe same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a senseof satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in alazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) referto it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows,usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’tneed to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who workedthere were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend wasalways Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough tokeep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bitdisappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be(a) interested in, or (b) bored bywhat they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers mostoften?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly tothem?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or(b) make the people in the placehappier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the bigwide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression(banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal s peech (showing something is general, vague ornot definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I coulduse my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything. Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond. Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, s he doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family. Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion hedeserves. / Try as he might to get thepromotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job. Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to ge t down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise. collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best studentresearch project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it? You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to competewith the other or maybe theyen joy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years atuniversity, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life asstudents, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants aslice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments onmy student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep comingin, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue,asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, letalone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
【精品】新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案综合教程4课后答案Handouts and Key to book4 unit1-4Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaBackground informationAbout the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published inSeptember 2008 in The Times, a long-established British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and inBritain in particular, for a number of years there has been a rising number of students who go to universityand therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job became harder in 2008–2009 because the economic downturn– then a recession – meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their finalexams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobsand then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted. Thearticle addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuck at home and advises their parentsto be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if theyneed help). The article recommends finding work in a bar or supermarket rather than sitting unemployed at home since this is more likely to lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but alsoof a humorous comment for light entertainment (seen in the jokey language and problem-solving advice to parents).Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficult for university graduates?Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% ofyoung adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitivesituation became a lot worse in 2008 onwards with the credit crunch and economic depression, which meantthat there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be active to seek a job, they need to fill in many application forms and try to get job interviews: they won’t findemployment by lying on the sofa at home.Culture pointshonours degree: Traditionally, in the British university system, BA and BSc honours degrees are awardedin different categories: a first class degree (written using Roman numbers as I), a second (divided into twosubcategories, written as IIii and IIii, which are called “a two one” and “a two two”), a third (written III) anda pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also ordinary degrees with more general courses of studywithout these categories.Generation Y and Grunt: The main idea here is that there is a succession of different generations or cohorts of adults who come into the workforce in North America which are given different informal namesto characterize them. First, “Baby boomers” were born in the great increase (the boom) of births after WorldWar II (1946–1960), followed by “Generation X” people (born 1960–1980) who were said to bring new attitudes of being independent, informal, entrepreneurial, and expected to get skills and have a career beforethem. “GenerationY” or the “Millenial Generation” (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the newmillenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by dotingparents, to have structured lives, to be used to teamwork and diverse people in a multicultural society. Inthe passage, this generation is now becoming (morphing into) Generation Grunt, which is anironic namereferring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work – this may be the only workavailable to somegraduates, who may have to take very ordinary jobs to get experience before they find something more suitable. “Grunt” also refers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig;when people “grunt” they express disgust but do not communicate with words – this may be how the parentsof new graduates think their children communicate with them!A comprehensive refers to a British type of secondary school which became popular in the1960s. Before thatthere were academic “grammar schools” and more general “secondary modern” schools for those who didnot pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schools were designed for all students ina social philosophy of bringing diverse students together whether they were academic or not. Those studentswho went to a comprehensive school probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backsideoff) to get to university, compared to those who went to grammar schools where all students wereacademic –comprehensive students felt they had to struggle to get to university.Chicken suit This refers to a large yellow costume that someone wears which makes the person look like agiant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a jobadvertising for a restaurant called El Pollo Loco (The Crazy Chicken’ in Spanish) – the job meant that he hadto walk around the streets like a chicken toattract customers to come to the restaurant. Language points1 Those memories of forking out thousands of poundsa year so that he could eat well and go to theodd party, began to fade. Until now. (Para 1)The parents paid a lot of money for their son’s university fees and living expenses (so that he could eatwell) and for occasional social events – at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgottenbecause the parents were proud. But now the parents are thinking of money again because the son doesn’thave a job and doesn’t seem to be acti vely seeking one.2 This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt.(Para 2)The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents’ generation who worked hard, got jobs, and hadgood careers and expected their son to do the same) has changed into a member of Generation Grunt – he doesn’t seem to communicate much, lies around and doesn’t get a job (or can only do a low status routingjob).3 I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being ‘too detached’ and talking inlanguage that was ‘too technocratic’, which I didn’t think possible, but obviously it is. (Para 5)He passed the entrance exams for a government post, but he was criticized in the selection interviews: They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used the language of a technical expert or high authority). As a new graduate he probably wanted to show his expertisein hislanguage so he can’t understand this criticism.4 For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” before heading to the pub. (Para 6)The others who do not have a routine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket shelf) chill outall day (they spend their time casually relaxing –they don’t look for work) and go to pub for adrink in theevening.5 I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a good university …(Para 6)He went to a school for students of all abilities (not to a special school for academic students) and so hehad to work very hard to enter a good university: Your backside means your bottom – the part of your body that you sit on – to work your backside off is informal and it means you work very hard indeed.6 … but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, she and her husband find it tricky toadvise him on how to proceed. (Para 7)The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she doesnot have relevant personal experience. For her, it is tricky to give advice (difficult to do).7 Carry on life a s normal and don’t allow them to abuse your bank account or sap your reserve of emotional energy. (Para 11)The advice from Gael Lindenfield here is that parents should live as usual. They should neither let theirchildren spend the parents’ moneyunnecessarily, nor let the problem take away all their energy andemotions. Sap their reserve means use up theirstore of emotional energy.8 After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into the saddle. (Para 12)Then the parents should gently push their children firmly so that they get back into control of their lives.Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions. Teaching tipsGo over the correct answers with Ss and ask them to explain why the other answers are wrong (See below).1 Why hasn’t Jack Goodwin got a job yet?(a) He doesn’t have a very good degree.(No, he has a 2:1 which is considered a good degree. )(b) He refuses to apply for jobs with low salaries. (He feels he should get a better job after studying at university.)(c) It isn’t easy to get a job in the current financial climate.(This may be true but the passage does not mention this.)(d) He prefers to stay at home and help his family. (No, he doesn’t seem to be helping his family: he watches TV and talks to friends.)2 How does he spend a typical day?(a) Doing a temporary job.(No, some of his friends are working in temporary jobs but he doesn’t want to do this.)(b) Watching television.(He watches TV a lot.)(c) Queuing up in the university careers service. (No, he went there once but he didn’t want to queue so he walked away.)(d) Preparing for the next job interview.(No, he doesn’t seem to be preparing for interviews.)3 How do most of his friends spend the day?(a) They do nothing all day and go to the pub in the evening.(All except one of them do nothing except chill,then they go to the pub.)(b) They do outdoor activities such as sailing. (No, none of them seem to do outdoor activities; there is no mention of sailing.)(c) They are forced to work by their parents.(No, only one of them has been forced out to stack shelves by his parents; the others seem to be like Jack.)(d) They do part-time jobs such as working in a bar. (No, the text mentions bar work but none of Jack’s friends seem to do this work.)4 How are Jack’s parents helping him?(a) By looking for jobs for him.(No, Jack has tried to get a job himself; there’s nothing here about his parents helping him look for ajob.)(b) By paying for a trip to South America.(No, although he is going on a three-week trip to South America, the passage does not say thatJack’s parents have paid for this.)(c) By gradually making him more financially aware. (The passage does not say so explicitly, but thisis the implication about the cut-off point after thetrip when he may be expected to pay rent and contribute to the household bills.)(d) By threatening to throw him out of the house. (No, they haven’t threatened to do this, but they definitely want him to work after he gets back from his trip.)5 What does Gael Lindenfield say about Jack’s parents?(a) They have not really understood Jack’s problems.(No, she doesn’t say this; she says they must balance being positive with not making life too comfortable. This doesn’t mean they haven’t understood Jack’s pro blems.)(b) They have made life too comfortable for Jack. (No, she says they must balance comfort with being positive. This doesn’t necessarily mean that they have already made life too comfortable for Jack.)(c) The approach they have chosen is the right one. (She says they have struck exactly the right note.)(d) They need help from a psychologist.(No, she doesn’t say this.)6 What do Whoopi Goldberg, Bruce Willis and BradPitt have in common?(a) They all did bar work before going touniversity.(No, we don’t know from the passage if any of them did this.)(b) They took part in protests against nuclearpower plants.(No, we don’t know is any of them did this)(c) They learnt to act by dressing up as giant chickens.(No, only Brad Pitt did this.)(d) They all did temporary jobs at one stage intheir lives.(This is right, although they all had completely different temporary jobs.)Dealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something ina close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed youngadult(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and howtheir careeris going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when(4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass,they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard(6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or fouryears away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependentagain on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, andit still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel(a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal wayof saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person,are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) inthe same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a senseof satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in alazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, areyou encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, doyou (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) referto it quickly and then change the subject?Reading and interpreting8 Answer the questions.1 “Will he ever get a job?” Who is asking this question? What mood does it express?The parents are asking this because the paragraphis addressed to parents (earlier it says “your graduateson”). The mood seems to express patience or resignation because the word “ever” suggests that gettinga job will take a long time.2 Who describes Generation Y as “rebels without a cause”? Is it a fair description?This is the writer’s description to indicate that this generation is rebelling against parents or society,but they have nothing particular to rebel against. This doesn’t seem very fair because the students aretrying to find work –it is just that they don’t like their parents nagging them. So they are a bit rebelliousagainst their parents, but no more than that.3 Jack “walked into the university careers service and straight back out again”. What does this suggestabout Jack’s character?It suggests that Jack is not very determined. As soon as he saw the queue he left without waiting andwithout trying to ask about jobs or careers.4 Jack spent the summer “hiding”. Hiding from what? Why are quotation marks used?Probably this means he was hiding from the world of work, staying at home and not looking for a job.The quotation marks tell us that he wasn’tliterally hiding, he just spent a lot of time at home.5 How is Mrs Goodwin’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?In one way her experience hasn’t affected her attitude: She left school and went immediately to a job(without going to university) and has been working full-time since then and yet she is sympathetic and takes a soft line.6 How is Lindenfiel d’s point of view affected by her own personal experience?Her personal experience was that she worked in a bar before finding her first proper job as anaerialphotographic assistant. So she says such work is a great networking opportunity. If new graduates are good at such work and bright, cheerful and polite, they will soon be promoted. Her personal experience thus reflects – or perhaps has created – her point of view.7 What would the first two paragraphs have focused on if they had been presented from the point of viewof the students rather than the parents?The first two paragraphs would have focused on the need for the new graduates to rest for a bit after their hard studies. It is OK for students to relax with the TV or to socialize with friends for a while, thenthey can start a serious search for employment after that.Active reading (2)If you ask meBackground informationThis is an informal and personalized account of an economics graduate who gets a job in a pub for a year andthen has an opportunity to be successful (a lucky break). She works in a London pub called “The Salisbury”or “The Marquis Salisbury”, named after someone who was the British Prime Minister three times between1885 and 1902 and whose family once owned thepub’s land. The 100 year old pub is in Leadenhall Street,just off the Charing Cross Road and Leicester Square. Daytime customers can get a pub lunch and eveningcustomers include many office workers and theatre goers (the pub is near many West End theatres). The interior of this pub is dazzling, with large mirrors, cut glass and a mahogany décor.British pubs are often named after famous people (Robin Hood, The Duke of Wellington) or royalty (TheQueen’s Arms, the Prince of Wales) or historical symbols (The Rose and Crown to represent King EdwardIII, The Royal Oak to represent King Charles II who once hid in a large oak tree). Other names often includecolours and animals (The Red Bull, The Black Horse, The Golden Lion, The Swan) or symbols oftraditionaltrades (The Compasses for carpenters, The Three Hammers for blacksmiths, The Three Tuns for winemakers).As the pub is a social place to meet as well as a place to get a drink, people often play games like dominoesor darts or join a quiz or competition. A common expressi on is to “go down the pub” or “go round to thelocal” (both meaning to go to the local pub). Culture pointspub in London: A pub is a place where people go for a drink and to meet friends and socialize. People canplay games – such as darts, cards, dominoes – in a pub and pubs often have quiz nights, with prizes for thewinners, and live music (See also Background information)The Salisbury is a well-known pub in central London (See also Background information)London School of Economics is a distinguished university in central London, famous for social sciences.Language points1 If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. (Para 1)In my opinion (If you ask me introduces an opinion), real life is not everything that people say it is.If athing is cracked up to be, people normally praiseit but in the opinion of the speaker they are wrong.2 … spending money when you don’t have any isdead easy. (Para 7)Dead here means very. For example, we can say dead tired (exhausted), a dead loss (a complete loss or useless), a dead weight (very heavy, difficult to lift).3 What were the odds on anyone being so nice? (Para 11)What are the chances that someone would be so nice? The writer is emphasizing here that such kindnessisvery unusual.4 … looking back after all these years, you only need one or two breaks in your life to succeed. (Para 13)A break here means a chance to be successful. A lucky break is an unexpected opportunity.Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What did the writer want to do after finishing her degree?(a) To do an MA at the London School of Economics.(b) To earn some money to pay off her loan.(c) To start working as soon as possible.(d) To return home and help her mother.2 Why did she ask for a job in The Salisbury?(a) She was hungry and thirsty.(b) She thought it would lead to better things.(c) She was a friend of the landlord.(d) She had the idea when she saw the landlord working.3 What did she buy with her first salary?(a) A bunch of flowers.(b) A CD and a plant for the flat she lived in.(c) A ham sandwich and a glass of beer.(d) She didn’t have any money left after payingthe bills.4 Why did Tony give her £20,000?(a) He found out it was her birthday and wanted to help.(b) He trusted her and thought it would help her.(c) He wanted her to leave the pub and work for him.(d) He was secretly in love with her.5 What did she do with the money?(a) She used it to pay for her course at the LSE.(b) She lost a lot of it in the 2008 stock market crash.(c) She invested it and paid back Tony and other investors.(d) She used it to start her own business.6 Why was Tony pleased when she repaid the loan?(a) He had had an accident and needed the money fora wheelchair.(b) It meant that he would be able to see her again.(c) It proved that he had been right to invest in her.(d) She paid back the loan with a lot of interest.3 Work in pairs and answer the questions.What do we know about the writer’s:1 family background?Her mother had worked hard for 15 years to support her education but couldn’t afford any further support. Her father wasn’t around most of the time. He didn’t have any money because he spent it on gambling on dog racing or drinking in pubs.2 career as a student?She had a good degree in economics and wanted to study for a masters course at the London School of Economics.3 ambition?She wanted to get a job in finance or investmentsin London because then she would be able to use her degree.4 appreciation of other people?Sh e appreciated Mike’s friendliness with customers and his skill, and she appreciated Tony as a nice person; later she appreciated the trust of Tony and his friends5 love life?We don’t know much about this, except that she doesn’t like boys to hassle her. She thinks they areimmature.6 financial expertise?It must be quite good: She invested the £20,000 and made enough profit to pay the money back with interest and set up her own company.7 sense of responsibility?She has a strong sense of responsibility because she paid back the money to the investors and paid theman annual interest for the loan.8 philosophy of life?She believes that you should work hard; you may need one or two breaks to succeed but you shouldknow how to use the breaks. You should be honestand responsible with people who trust you.Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interestingpart of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct formof the words in Activity 4.Teaching tipsWhen Ss have completed the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate words, ask them to practice reading the dialogue, trying to make their reading sound as conversational as possible. Choose a pair toperform their reading to the class. The class listens and gives the performing pair a rating on a scale of 1-10for fluency and naturalness.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’tneed to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who workedthere were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just alittle bitdisappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案及课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案及课文翻译1.阅读理解Social NetworkingSocial networking has grown rapidly over the past few years, and many people now have accounts on such sites as MySpace and Facebook. Sites like these allow people to connect with friends, share photos, videos, and other information, and play online games.Despite its popularity, however, social networking also has its drawbacks. Many people now use these sites to post messages containing sensitive personal information, such as their address and phone number. This information can easily be seen by anyone, potentially allowing identity thieves to gain access to your personal information. It is also important to be aware of the fact that your profile may be seen by potential employers, and therefore it is best to be careful about what information you include in your profile.In addition, it is important to remember that social networking sites are constantly changing. This means that you need to stay on top of the latest features and trends. It is also import ant to be respectful of other people’s views and opinions, and to abide by the terms of use of the site.Finally, it is important to remember that social networking sites are only one of many ways to connect with people. It is possible to meet and talk to interesting people in the real world as well.1. What are some of the advantages of social networking?A. It allows people to protect their personal information.B. It makes it easy to find new friends.C. It allows people to share photos and videos.D. It allows people to stay up-to-date on the latest trends.答案：C、D2. What is one of the potential risks of using social networking sites?A. Potential employers may view your profile.B. It encourages people to be disrespectful of others.C. Identity thieves may gain access to your personal information.D. You may post messages containing sensitive information.。
(完整版)新标准大学英语综合教程4__课后答案
应Key to book4 unit1-4Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy.Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discour se marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, Icould use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well). Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the se ntences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I migh t to be friendly with Marta, she doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family.Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserve s, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get the promotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I thin k it would be a good idea to get down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise.collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best student research project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it?You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees. (c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to compete with the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, let alone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案
Unit 3Active reading (1)Background informationFashion is generally divided into subsectors: menswear, womenswear, sportswear and streetwear, hosiery (socks, tights, stockings), formal wear and casual wear. Fashion and the choice of what clothes we buy and wear is influenced by our beliefs, attitudes and personality. But this passage shows that the stock market can also be an influence.Culture pointsThe Californian gold rush (1848–1855) was a period of rapid migration of miners and other workersinto California following the dramatic discovery of gold in the Sierra Nevada. It led to the settlement of California.Swinging London is a term that describes fashion and cultural trends in music and the media in mid-1960s Britain, especially London. Icons of the time included the miniskirt, the mini car, the first supermodels like Twiggy (who was famous for being very thin) andfashionable shopping streets for clothes (like Carnaby Street and Kings Road in London).The hippie movement began in the early 1960s in California and spread internationally. Hippies had a reputation for social rebellion (eg with drugs and sexual behaviour) and alternative lifestyles (eg in communes). They tried to find a new way of life which valued peace, individuality, and religious and culturaldiversity. The movement influenced popular music, TV and film, literature and the arts. Hippie fashions included long full skirts, bell-bottomed jeans, home-made and tie-dyed garments, the use of flower designs(which represented peace and love), and influences from non-Western cultures in headscarves, headbands, bracelets and long beaded necklaces.The punk period features fashions that expressed anger against society and included brightly coloured hair, ripped clothes and studded belts.The New Romantics was a youth fashion movement, developed in 1960s in London. It is strongly associatedwith music, which was inspired by historical periods, especially the English Romantic Movement. Fashions had a dramatic, flamboyant look with luscious fabrics, loose shirts with frills and short shirt collars, unfolded,with top buttons unfastened and using monotone colours. Power dressing is a stylish and perhaps expensive way of dressing (usually for business, the professionsor politics) which is intended to give the impression that the person wearing the clothes is assertive and competent, through the use of structured shapes, shoulder pads, smart fabrics, high heels and clean cut stylingin the form of work uniform. Whether wearing particular styles of clothing empowers the wearer or whether newly-empowered people simply wear clothes that reflect their achievements is an open question. Miami Vice was a classic 1980s TV crime drama about two detectives who go undercover to fight drug traffickers. The series – and the 2006 film – was noted for its strong use of music and visual effects; it hasbeen rebroadcast around the world. During the five years of making this TV series the producers explicitly sought the advice of designers (eg Gianni Versace, Hugo Boss) in order to display the latest Europeanfashion trends, with the result that Miami Vice had a significant influence on 1980s men’s fashion in the USAand elsewhere, and even on the 2000s revival (it was called “retro” or “retrospective style”). The clothingstyle of the TV detectives, Sonny Crockett and Rico Tubbs, had pastel coloured T-shirts and suits, no socks,sunglasses, and an unshaven appearance of a small amount of beard stubble.Heavy metal music is a kind of rock music that developed in the UK and USA in the late 1960s and early1970s, characterized by loudness, speed, distorted amplified sounds and extended guitar solos. Converse is a company which has produced basketball shoes since 1917, especially the Chuck Taylor All Stars trainers (often abbre viated to “Chucks” or “Cons”),named after the basketball player who contributedto the design and was the company’s best salesman. Nike is a leading supplier of sportswear and equipment. This American company started making Nike shoesin 1971. They are named after the Greek winged goddess of victory.The stock market indexes show the performance of the stock market, typically reflecting the rise and fall ofthe shares of large companies, eg the FTSE (also “footsie”) is an index of the top 100 companies lis ted on theLondon stock exchange and the Nikkei 225 is an index of the stock market in Tokyo.Language points1 No history of fashion in the years 1960 to 2010 can overlook or underestimate two constantfactors: the ubiquitous jeans and ... (para 1)The word ubiquitous means present everywhere. Thus the ubiquitous jeans means that jeans can befound everywhere.2 Exactly why women should want to expose more or less oftheir legs during periods of economicboom and bust remains a mystery.An economic boom is a sudden increase in trade, business activity and development in a particulararea or region; an economic bust is a business failure or bankruptcy because of lack of money.The expression economic boom and bust describes cycles in which a boom period of growth, highproduction and rising prices is followed by economic decline, contraction and unemployment before anew cycle.3 Whenever the economic outlook is unsettled ... (para 2) The economic outlook is unsettled means the economy is unstable, that is, the economy has problemsand is likely to change suddenly, making people uncertain about what may happen in the future.4 It was given greater respectability when the great French designer, Courrèges, developed it intoan item of high fashion. (para 4)For a while the miniskirt was controversial and not respectable because it showed a large extent of the wearer’s legs, but when Courrèges developed it inParis fashion shows, this gave approval and support, because the miniskirt could be considered an item of high fashion (having high status from a Paris fashion house).5 ... but the predominant colours became olive green and oatmeal. (para 10)Predominant colours refer to the most common colours or those which seem more important orpowerful.6 ... which were described by one commentator as “the prim and proper look is in …” (para 11)A fashion is in when it is a new or current style, or out when it is out-of-date.7 During the whole period, fashion styles have ranged widely, and have usually been sparked off bya desire to identify people as belonging to a particularsub-culture. (para 14)During the whole period, there has been a wide range of different fashion styles, which were usually started by people’s wish to show their identity in a way that would make them distinct from the reset of society.Vocabulary supportThe following are some terms related to clothing that appear in the passage. Understanding of these terms may help with reading comprehension of the passage. Hemline refers to the bottom edge of a dress or skirt. It shows the length of women’s skirts and dresses –thislength changes according to fashion.Denim is a thick cotton cloth that is usually blue and is used especially to make jeans. The name comes from French De Nîmes (“from Nimes”, a cit y in the south France). Such cloth was made both in France and England in the 17th century.The word jeans comes from Genoa. Sailors from the17th-century republic of Genoa worked in France and wore trousers made of a mix of cotton, linen and / or wool which was made near Turin in Italy. Bleached jeans were also fashionable. They had been the fashion of the 17th-century sailors, whose trousers lost their colour when they were washed in sea water and were exposed to the sun. There are various different fits tojeans which include baggy, boot-cut, flares, wide leg, twisted and skinny jeans.Miniskirt is a very short skirt of mid-thigh length.A micro miniskirt is shorter, up to the upper thigh;a midiis a skirt with a moderate length below the knee, perhaps mid-calf length; a maxi is an ankle-length skirt.A pairs of tights is a piece of women’s clothing that tightly covers the feet and legs up to the waist; stockingsonly cover the feet and legs, and are held up with suspenders.Flare is a shape that becomes wider at one end. A flared “bell-bottom” style refers to trousers with flared legs– they get wider towards the foot and the end is even wider, like a bell.A preppy style means wearing classic designer clothes with good fabrics to present a neat, smart, wellbalancedappearance with bright colours and a clean look. Apreppy lifestyle is happy, friendly and sociable, with good manners. The word preppy is an abbreviation of preparatory, which refers to private or boarding schools which are preparation for college, which reflects the style of a preppy look.Chinos are trousers which are a type of light-weight cotton cloth made of chino cloth or twill, a typical formof smart but casual dress.A hood is part of a coat or jacket that covers your head;a hoodie (or hoody) is a jacket or sweat shirt with a hood.Prim clothes are neat, sensible and proper, showing very little of your body. Prim and proper fashions are careful, modest, formal and demure, a respectable style which wouldn’t offend anyone.Lycra is a light cloth made from artificial fibers that stretches and keeps its shape.Loafers are low leather shoes that you slip on and off and do not need to tie.Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What happened on the fashion scene in the 1950s?(a) Blue jeans arrived in Europe and Asia.(This happened and they were worn in Europe and Asia “with huge enthusiasm”.)(b) American youth started wearing jeans.(c) The French started to manufacture jeans.(d) American women started to wear trousers.2 What do women want to do during an economic boom?(a) Show less of their legs.(b) Show more of their legs.(Yes, it seems there is a direct correlation: as the economy booms, hemlines rise.)(c) Buy short skirts.(d) Sell their shares.3 What did the tights help to promote in the 1960s?(a) The French fashion industry.(b) Stockings.(c) The miniskirt.(Yes, because without tights the tops of stockings would show since miniskirts had much higher hemlines.)(d) The Beatles.4 What was popular in the mid-1980s?(a) Clean shaven faces.(b) Long hair.(c) Denim jeans and jackets.(Yes, the passage says “denim remained popular ... heavy metal music fans wore ... jeans and denim jackets.)(d) Short skirts.5 What was fashionable in the 1990s?(a) Designer jeans.(b) Dyed hair and trainers.(Yes, both of these are specifically mentioned for the 1990s.)(c) Tight jeans and short hair.(d) Clothes with bright colours.6 What happened in the fall of 2007?(a) Hemlines anticipated a global crisis.(Yes, this is what happened, which was unusual according to the previous correlation that hemlines followed the economic situation rather than proceeding or anticipating it.)(b) Women’s skirts got shorter.(c) There was a crisis on the stock market.(d) Designers began to lose touch with reality.3 Match the photos with the sentences from the passage. Photo 1 (a) Photo 2 (d) Photo 3 (g)Photo 4 (b) Photo 5 (e) Photo 6 (f) Photo 7 (c) Photo 1: 1960sPhoto 4: mid-1960s and early 1970sPhoto 3: 1970s, the period of punkPhoto 2: mid-1980sPhoto 5: late 1980sPhoto 7: 1990sPhoto 6: 2001Dealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions. Teaching tipsAsk a pair of students to present the answers: student A reads the definition, B gives the answers. Ask them to speak clearly and to show confidence.1 able to be seen (visible)2 to think or guess that something is smaller, less important etc than it really is (underestimate)3 very brave and determined (courageous)4 an urgent, difficult or dangerous situation (crisis)5 the most common or greatest in number or amount (predominant)6 new and different in a way that might offend or upset some people (daring)5 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.Teaching tipsThis time, to go over the answers, T reads the text but pauses before each gap. The class should quicklycall out the correct answer – in the correct form –then T reads on.At a time of global (1) crisis, when stock markets are falling across the world, we should never(2) underestimate the ability of fashion designers to surprise us by bringing sunshine into people’s lives, and avoiding the (3) predominant trend of gloom and pessimism. This is certainly true of the fashion industry in Brazil. In 2009, when the effects of the financial situation were (4) visible almost everywhere,top designers launched a (5) daring new collectioncombining high hemlines, low necklines, and lots of colour. As one commentator wrote, “You can call it a (6) courageous d ecision if you like, but it’s also a question of Brazilians doing what comes naturally to them.”6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box.Teaching tipsThis time, to go over the answers, T chooses a pair. Student A reads the sentences and pauses before each gap, Student B gives the correct answer in the appropriate form. Encourage the pair to speak normally.1 If we don’t act soon, the situation will get worse. (deteriorate)2 I’m afraid my trousers got torn when I tried to climb over that fence. (ripped)3 You need thick pieces of material on your knees and elbows if you go rollerblading. (pads)4 Access to the show is limited to journalists with press passes. (restricted)5 The Dow Jones list of stocks and shares fell another 40 points yesterday. (index)6 That was the most worrying piece of news I’d heard in a long time. (unsettling)7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 Is a ubiquitous item of clothing something you can find(a) everywhere, or (b) only in restricted circles?2 Does bust refers to (a) economic growth, or (b) financial failure?3 If a fashion item is sold exclusively in boutiques, can you find it (a) in department stores too, or (b) in no other shops apart from boutiques?4 Is a backlash a (a) strong, or (b) weak reaction to something?5 Does a glamorous person looks (a) attractive, or (b) unattractive?6 If you are lavish with your money, do you (a) spend money with care, or (b) spend money verygenerously?7 If you bleach a pair of jeans, do you (a) add, or (b) remove its colour?8 Is a woman who is prim and proper is more likely to wear(a) a micro miniskirt, or (b) a knee-lengthskirt?9 If a model is skinny, is she (a) very thin, or (b) overweight?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the passage and find the formal equivalents of the following sentences. Identify the formal features in the original versions.1 Historians writing about fashion between 1960 and 2010 always refer to two constant factors.No history of fashion in the years 1960 to 2010 can overlook or underestimate two constant factors.2 ... young people bought them and wore them enthusiastically as they recognized them as a symbol ofthe young, informal American way of life.... they were bought and worn with huge enthusiasm by young people and recognized as a symbol of the young, informal American way of life.3 Many people have noticed the close correlation between the length of women’s skirts and the economy. It has often been noted that there is a precise correlation, with only a few exceptions, between the lengthof women’s skirts and the economy.4 Hemlines rise and fall with the stock market.As the stock market rises, so do hemlines, and when it falls, so do they.5 Nobody really knows why women want to show more or less of their legs during periods of economicboom and bust.Exactly why women should want to expose more or less of their legs during periods of economic boomand bust remains a mystery.6 The development of tights, instead of stockings, contributed to the international success of the miniskirt.But it would not have achieved such international currency without the development of tights, instead of stockings, because the rise in hemlines meant the stocking tops would be visible.Active reading (2)Eco-jewellery: sea glassBackground informationThis is an article from Times Online of 27th September, 2008, by Anna Shepard, a journalist who writes acolumn called “Eco-worrier”. She speaks on the radio and TV about green issues and has published a book, How Green Are My Wellies: Small Steps and Giant Leaps to Green Living with Style. She likes the idea ofrecycling glass from the sea to make jewellery. Culture pointsLiberty has been a well-known department store in central London since 1875, selling fashions, cosmetics,luxury brand accessories and gifts.Cape Town is the city with the second largest population in South Africa. It has a famous harbour and notable landmarks like the Table Mountain ad Cape Point.Seaham Beach is near Sunderland and Durham, in the north of England. It has a centuries-old tradition of glass-making, notably in the 19th-century Victorian era when workers dumped left-over glass into the sea. Multi-coloured sea glass can be found there. Language points1 ... sidling up and down in the surf ... (para 1)To sidle means to move slowly in a particular direction,usually because you are nervous or do not wantto be noticed. Cowen moves slowly on the beach, looking for sea glass, going up and down in the wavesof the sea as they move and fall onto the beach.2 ... I’ve burnt my shoulders ... (para 1)She has been walking on the beach for hours in the sun, so her shoulders are red and sore from too muchsun (sunburnt).3 There is no hard and fast rule ... (para 3)There is no fixed rule. The process can change.4 ... but she works mostly to commission ... (para 5)People ask her to produce specific work (pieces of sea glass jewelry), for which they will pay. She is commissioned to do this.5 ... a huge glass cabinet that preside over her studio. (para 5)To preside over something means to be in a position of power while important events or changes aretaking place. Here, this is a metaphor to show the central position of the cabinet in the studio.6 The creation of sea glass is a form of recycling, but more than that, it is an example of naturecompensating for man’s folly. (para 8)People were foolish – they behave in a stupid and careless way to throw glass rubbish into the sea. But nature has compensated for this by slowly making the glass into beautiful pieces.7 Although no one considered the consequences of hurling glass into the sea … (para 10)To hurl means to throw something using a lot of force; to chuck means to throw something, but not necessarily with force (to chuck something away or to chuck something out usually refers to throughaway unwanted objects or rubbish); to dump means to get rid of something or place it somewherecarelessly, not necessarily throwing it –but dumping rubbish can be the same as throwing it away, probably in the wrong place.8 Today’s responsible attitude to its disposal, revolving around recycling where possible, is vastlysuperior, but it signals the end of the sea-glass era. (para 10) Today, people have a more responsible attitude to waste disposal and glass is usually recycled – this is very much better than throwing glass into the sea.However, this responsible attitude sends a message that there will be no sea glass in the future.9 Its eco-credentials lend sea glass further appeal … (para 12)Its eco-credentials refers to the ecological background of the sea glass. That because sea glass was thrownaway as rubbish, but it is now being recycled as jewellery it is qualified to have a good environmental reputation.10 Gold’s murky reputation for damaging the environment in the extraction process and the diamondindustry’s poor human rights record play into the hands of designers who have chosen to workwith a material that puts a waste product to use. (para 12) Getting gold from the earth and separating it from other metals often damages the environment. And italso involves dishonest activities, so gold extraction has a “murky’ reputation”. The diamond industry also has a poor reputation because many workers are treated very badly. What people believe about these processes are exactly what designers of sea glassjewellery want to avoid, so that they gain an advantage in the jewellery market because they recycle materials. Reading and understanding2 Choose the best answer to the questions.1 What happens when Gina Cowen goes looking for glass on a beach?(a) She gets bitten by crabs.(b) She gets burnt.(Yes, she says she burns her shoulders.)(c) She always finds a better piece than the last time.(d) She finds time passes slowly.(No, “she loses her sense of time” means that time passes very quickly so she is not conscious of how it passes.)2 Why is red glass special compared to other types of glass?(a) It’s smoother.(No, sea glass of any colour can be smooth over the years.)(b) It’s probably older.(Yes, Cowen says there is a strong chance that it could be centuries old.)(c) It’s more beautiful.(d) It’s harder to find.3 What does Cowen do with most of the jewellery she makes?(a) She sells it to private customers.(Yes, the passage says “she works mostl y to commission”.)(b) She exhibits it in galleries.(c) She keeps it in her room.(d) She sells it in a London shop.(Well, some of her designs were sold in London Liberty, but she sells most of her designs privately.)4 When did Cowen get interested in sea glass?(a) When she wrote an article about it for a newspaper.(b) When she saw a collection in a glass cabinet.(c) While walking along a beach in South Africa. (Yes, she found some glass there and started a collection.)(d) When she found out about the Victorian glass industry.(No, she found out about this later in Britain.)5 Where does the best sea glass come from?(a) South Africa.(b) Liberty in London.(c) Fiji and Majorca.(Cowen has good sea glass from these islands, but it seems that the best is from British beaches.)(d) Beaches in England.(Yes, Seaham Beach in Britain is her “favourite hunting ground” and her Victorian sea-glass collectionfrom British beaches is “most stunning”, so the implication is that, for Cowen, British beaches are where the best sea glass comes from.)6 Why will sea glass become rarer than diamonds?(a) People will stop making glass.(b) It will eventually be transformed into sand.(c) More and more glass is being recycled.(Yes, this means that old glass is made into new glass instead of being dumped in the sea. As a result,sea glass will become rare.)(d) People will be prepared to pay a lot of money for it.7 What did a 15-year-old girl manage to do?(a) She sold her collection of sea glass on eBay.(b) She sold photographs of her collection of sea glass. (No, she took photos in order to illustrate the collection to help to sell the sea glass –she didn’t sell thephotos.)(c) She sold Cowen some sea glass for more than it was worth.(Yes, the girl sold it on eBay and Cowen says she paid too much for it.)(d) She collected a lot of sea glass on a school trip.8 Why is sea glass more ecological than diamonds and gold?(a) Getting it doesn’t damage the environment. (Yes, the passage refers to serious ecological problems with extracting gold and mining diamonds,whereas because sea glass is waste material collecting and using it is actually clearing up the beach environment.)(b) It can be used for a variety of purposes.(c) It is a naturally occurring product.(No, sea glass does not occur naturally. it is glassthat has been dumped into the sea by people as rubbish.)(d) It can be recycled more easily.Dealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to become or to make something become active, successful, or popular again (revive)2 very impressive or beautiful (stunning)3 to hang something from something else (suspend)4 a formal agreement to get married (engagement)5 the way that the level of the sea regularly rises and falls during the day (tide)6 to be in charge of something or to be in a position of power (preside)7 the process of getting rid of something (disposal)8 very bright (luminous)4 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.1 To celebrate our engagement we had dinner in the best restaurant in Paris.2 The lamp was suspended from an iron hook in the middle of the ceiling.3 Someone needs to think about the disposal of all thesewaste products.4 I’ve been asked to preside at next week’s m eeting of the recycling committee.5 The luminous object on the table turned out to be made of diamond.6 I could spend hours here, just watching the seagulls flying past and the tides coming in and going out.7 When she walked into the restaurant she was wearing an absolutely stunning diamond necklace.8 The President is likely to propose a stimulus plan that he believes will help revive the US economy.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the following words.1 I had a period of time as a volunteer before gettinga job in the jewellery trade. (stint)2 You shouldn’t just throw that rubbish into the river! (chuck)3 It’s sheer stupid and careless behaviour to go on using up the earth’s resources as we are doing. (negligence)4 I looked ca refully at the horizon, but couldn’t see anyone coming towards me. (scoured)5 I think the accident was due to the driver’s lack of care. (folly)6 The removal of minerals from the earth is usually an expensive and dangerous task. (extraction)7 The red kite is one of the most rarely seen birds in the country. (elusive)6 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If someone sidles up to you, are they moving (a) quickly and determinedly, or (b) slowly and casually?2 Is a hard and fast rule (a) fixed, or (b) open to interpretation?3 If someone has good eco-credentials, do they (a) care for the environment, or (b) show no interest in it?4 If something has a murky reputation, is it (a) possibly dishonest or morally wrong, or (b) precious andhighly respected?5 If you play into the hands of someone, do you (a) approve of it, or (b) give them an advantage?6 If you condone someone’s behaviour, do you (a) approve of it, or (b) disapprove of it?7 If you pounce onto something, do you make a (a) quickmovement to get hold of it, or (b) slowmovement to get hold of it?Reading and interpreting7 Check ( ) the writer’s main purpose in writing the passage.To paint a portrait of a woman with unusual passion. (The writer does have this purpose to show Cowen’s strong interest.)To describe the process of making jewellery from sea glass.(This is one purpose although there are not many details about this.)To make people think about the importance of recycling. (Yes, this is a strong point in the passage.)√ A mixture of all three.(Yes, the writer seems to have all the above three purposes here.)8 Find the quotations in the passage which illustrate the ideas:1 why sea glass is special“It has the ability to transform magically from something ordinary to luminous treasure after a stint。
新标准大学英语综合教程4__课后答案之欧阳歌谷创作
应 Key to book4 unit1-4欧阳歌谷（2021.02.01）Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understandingDealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed)2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition)3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3.It isn’t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult(2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their careeris going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when(4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass,they beginto feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard(6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or fouryears away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependentagain on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop)3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he’s an supporter of flexible workinghours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn’t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words.1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future?2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don’t want to, or (b) help you bylistening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases.1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or (b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) inthe same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are back where you started, or (b) feel a senseof satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in alazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressing yourself (a) well, or (b) badly?6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or(b) not care about it?7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or(b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine it carefully and sensitively, or (b) referto it quickly and then change the subject?Active reading (2)If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions.1 funny or entertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event(highlight)6 to show that you understand someone’s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4.A After three years at university, I’m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it’s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn’tneed to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job.A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends.A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who workedthere were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend wasalways Saturday night when we worked overtime.A But I don’t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn’t much after they’d (7) deducted tax and pension contributions. But it was enough tokeep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to makeother changes.1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she’ll get a good degree, but I wouldn’t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key:(1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds(6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions.1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bitdisappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be(a) interested in, or (b) bored bywhat they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) partof your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or(b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or(b) the food the pub offers mostoften?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly tothem?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or(b) make the people in the placehappier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the bigwide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression(banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to thereader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on).4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here “kind of” is a sort of discourse marker of informal s peech (showing something is general, vague ornot definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I coulduse my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know).6 ... it’s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it’s true).7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in useword formation: compound nouns1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work in a hospital (hospital work)3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket)4 a discount for students (a student discount)5 a pass which allows you to travel on buses (a bus pass)6 a room where an interview is held (an interview room)7 a period spent in training (a training period)word formation: noun phrases2 Write the noun phrases which mean:1 a career which is rewarding from the financial point of view (a financially rewarding career)2 legislation which has been introduced recently (recently introduced legislation)3 instructions which are more complex than usual (unusually complex instructions)4 an institution which is orientated towards academic (academically orientated work)5 work which makes physical demands on you (physically demanding work)6 information which has the potential to be important (potentially important information)7 candidates who have been selected after a careful procedure (carefully selected candidates)8 a coursebook in which everything has been planned beautifully (a beautifully planned textbook)try as … might3 Rewrite the sentences using try as … might .1 I’m trying to fill this last page, but I just can’t think of anything.Try as I might to fill this last page, I just can’t think of anything.2 I try to be friendly with Marta, but she doesn’t seem to respond.Try as I might to be friendly with Marta, s he doesn’t seem to respond.3 I try hard to get to sleep, but I can’t help thinking about my family. Try as I might to get to sleep, I can’t help thinking about my family.4 He just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves, even though he keeps trying.Try as he might, he just doesn’t seem to get the promotion he deserves. / Try as he might to get thepromotion he deserves, he just doesn’t seem to get it.5 I keep trying to remember her name, but my mind is a blank.Try as I might to remember her name, my mind is a blank.given that …4 Rewrite the sentences using given that …1 Since I know several languages, I thought I would look for workabroad.Given that I know several languages, I thought I would look for work abroad.2 Xiao Li has the best qualifications, so she should get the job.Given that Xiao Li has the best qualifications, she should get the job.3 Since we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to get down to some work.Given that we’re all here, I think it would be a good idea to ge t down to some work.4 Since it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.Given that it’s rather late, I think we should leave this last task until tomorrow.clauses introduced by than5 Rewrite the sentences using clauses introduced by than .1 She’s experienced at giving advice. I’m more experienced.She’s less experienced at giving advice than I am. / I’m more experienced at giving advice than she is.2 You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good for you.You eat too much chocolate than is good for you.3 She worked very hard. Most part-timers don’t work so hard.She worked harder than most part-timers do.4 You have arrived late too many times. That isn’t acceptable.You have arrived late more times than is acceptable.5 I don’t think you should have given so much personal information. It isn’t wise.I think you have given more personal information than is wise. collocations6 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1 highlight A highlight is the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event.(a) What would you like to be the highlight of your career?I would like the highlight of my student career to be to receive a national award for the best studentresearch project.(b) How can you highlight an important sentence in a text?You can underline it in pencil or pen or you can use coloured pens or highlighters.(c) What are the edited highlights of a football match?The highlights are when someone scores a goal or prevents one from being scored.2 loan A loan is an amount of money someone borrows from someone else.(a) Have you ever taken out a loan?No, I haven’t. But my parents have taken out several loans to buy kitchen equipment.(b) What is the best way to pay off a loan?It is best to pay a loan off quickly, although you will still have to pay some interest.(c) If you have a library book on loan, what do you have to do with it? You have to return it before the date it is due, otherwise you may have to pay a fine.3 thrive To thrive means to be very successful, happy or healthy.(a) What sort of business thrives best in your part of the country?In my part of the country, light industries and electronics companies thrive.(b) Which sort of plants thrive in a hot climate?In a hot climate you can see tropical fruit and vegetables thrive and also tropical plants and trees.(c) Why do you think some couples thrive on conflict?It is difficult to understand why some couples thrive on conflict. Maybe each one wants to competewith the other or maybe they enjoy “kissing and making up” after the conflict.7 Translate the paragraphs into Chinese.If you ask me, real life is not all it’s cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years atuniversity, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life asstudents, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god,when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It’s just so expensive out here! Everyo ne wants aslice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments onmy student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep comingin, and all that’s before I’ve had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue,asking if I’m interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won’t even last till the end of the year, letalone till I’m 60.（☞翻译时可以根据上下文增译，即增加原文暗含了但没有直接表达出来的意思。
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新标准大学英语综合教程4 Unit test 4 答案Part I: Vocabulary and StructureSection A: Complete the sentences using the correct words in the box.•pathetic•superficial•indispensable•overseas•notify•deceive•align•marital•compatible•compile1.We've been living in m ar i t albliss ever since our wedding.Your answer Correct answer marital marital2.Sandra is going to study over seasin Asia next semester.Your answer Correct answer overseas overseas3.It's critical that tests al i gnwith material students are learning in the classroom.Your answer Correct answer align align4.The lawyer spent all week trying to com pi l eevidence against the suspect.Your answer Correct answer compile compile5.We can't afford to lose Thomas—he's our most i ndi spensabl eemployee.Your answer Correct answerindispensable indispensable6.Even though it was only a(n) super f i ci alwound, the cut was incredibly painful.Your answer Correct answer superficial superficial7.Lori is an expert at using lies and flattery to decei vethe people around her and getwhat she wants.Your answer Correct answerdeceive deceive8.My puppy is notorious for the pat het i clooks he gives when he's hungry.Your answer Correct answer pathetic pathetic9.Please not i f ythe police if you see anything suspicious.Your answer Correct answernotify notify10.Unfortunately, the new regulations aren't com pat i bl ewith the law, so they'll need tochange.Your answer Correct answercompatible compatibleSection B: Choose the best way to complete the sentences.11. Don't trust my brother, he's _____ to do or say anything.a. libelb. unreliablec. reliabled. liable12. If you become a member, you'll have access to _____ deals and offers.b. exclusivec. reclusived. elusive13. I can teach any type of math, but I _____ in geometry.a. specialb. specialtyc. especiallyd. specialize14. Winning the lottery is possible, but it's certainly not _____.a. probablyb. probablec. probabilityd. probabilistic15. We've been with the same bank for years, and I've never had a _____ about their service.a. complaintb. publicityc. restraintd. vanity16. I want to wait until the stock market begins to _____ before I invest; it's just too volatile right now.b. stabilizec. increased. neutralize17. That actress is best known for her _____ laugh—it's like no other.a. familiarb. ordinaryc. distinctived. renowned18. Schoolchildren are usually taught the importance of their national _____ very early.a. weatherb. downturnc. savingsd. heritage19. It simply makes good _____ sense to save money for retirement.a. economicalb. economicsc. economistd. economy20. After discussing the situation, Carlos and I came to a(n) _____ agreement with which we wereboth satisfied.a. communalb. independentc. mutuald. dualSection C: Fill in each of the blanks with a suitable word.21.Please put dow nthe gun, and we can talk about this calmly.Your answer Correct answer down down22.She laid outthe paperwork on the table so she could finally get organized.Your answer Correct answerout out23.Unfortunately, the new owner simply helped the situation go f r ombad to worse.Your answer Correct answer from from24.Nicholas managed to carve outa unique niche, and he got lots of customers becauseof what he could offer.Your answer Correct answerout out25.After my husband lost his job, we were forced to cut back onmany things we didn'treally need.Your answer Correct answeron on26.Rent must be paid i nfull by the 1st of the month.Your answer Correct answerin in27.In the end, it all boils dow nto who you know, not what you know.Your answer Correct answer down down28.The sad truth is that far too many people simply scrape byand live from day to day.Your answer Correct answerby by29. After many profitable years, the economic downturn ultimately forced the companyi nt othe red.Your answer Correct answerinto into30.I want everyone to pair upwith a classmate and act out this scene of the play.Your answer Correct answerup upPart II: Banked ClozeQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.Money. Some people think it's the root of all evil and the source of everything(31)w i ckedin the world. Other people think there's nothing more(32)desi r abl eand can't get enough. The truth, as always, is somewhere in between.It's true that money (or the lack of it) can have (33)devast at i ngeffects. People who findthemselves in (34)abj ectpoverty are all too aware of the pain that money can cause.It's also true that money can easily lead to uncontrollable (35)gr eedamong peoplewho simply can't get enough. Many of these people will lead similarly unfulfilling lives.The people who command true respect and of whom we should be (36)j eal ous are those who have successfully found the middle ground. Humans are not (37)pr onetoward poverty or wealth. Instead, we (38)nat ur al l ytend toward a comfortable statusquo. Indeed, most people desperately (39)year nfor such a situation. Wanting more orless than what we realistically need is simply (40)unr eal i st i c. It just doesn't make sense.Your answer Correct answer(31) wicked wicked(32) desirable desirable(33) devastating devastating(34) abject abject(35) greed greed(36) jealous jealous(37) prone prone(38) naturally naturally(39) yearn yearn(40) unrealistic unrealisticPart III: Reading ComprehensionQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Though we may not like to admit it, dishonesty is all too prevalent in the world. There have always been and will always be people who lie, cheat, or steal to get what they want. Dishonesty has many faces. Some of them are obvious, and some are more clandestine. Producing counterfeit products—products that are not the genuine article—is one of the more widespread forms of dishonesty. The practice affects almost every industry in every country of the world.Official currency is not immune to this problem. Indeed, counterfeit banknotes have been a problem for nearly as long as people have used money. Many governments (who print and regulate national currencies) have fought back by creating banknotes that are incredibly difficult to copy. High-tech security features are embedded within the money to identify the note as legal and genuine. Modern banknotes are not merely slips of paper; they are essentially sophisticated pieces of technology!In most countries of the world, the printing and issue of banknotes is handled exclusively by thegovernment or a government-owned bank. In the United Kingdom, however, there are seven retail banks, in addition to the central Bank of England, that are authorized to print their own banknotes. These seven banks are located in, and print currency unique to, Scotland and Northern Ireland.Founded in 1694, the Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom, and it primarily serves England and Wales. For nearly 300 years, the Bank of England has been issuing banknotes, and for nearly 300 years, counterfeit notes have been a problem. In response to this ongoing threat, the following security features have been developed.•Banknotes are printed on special paper that is highly durable and has a unique feel.•Raised lettering is used throughout the notes, particularly on the words Bank of England.• A metallic thread weaves through every note. It looks like a broken line across the note, but if you hold it up to the light, it appears as a continuous dark line.•There is a watermark of the Queen that is visible when held up to the light.•Every note has a 3D hologram design that alternates between the value of the note and an image of Britannia.•If the note is placed under an ultra-violet light, the number (5, 10, 20, or 50. will appear as bright red and green.•Microlettering beneath the Queen's portrait is only visible with a magnifying glass.The Bank of England prints notes in denominations of £5, £10, £20, and £50. The above security features are common to all four values. £20 and £50 banknotes have additional features that make them even more difficult to counterfeit.Unfortunately, counterfeit bills aren't going away anytime soon. That's why it's important to be educated. Sometimes, a counterfeit bill isn't noticed right away, and it may enter circulation. If the bill ends up in your wallet, you might be held responsible if you try to use it. Even if you don't find trouble with the law, you will almost certainly lose that money. It's critical that you check the bills you receive from the bank and as change when you go shopping. You don't want to get caught with counterfeit money!41. The main purpose of this article is to give information about _____.A. the differences among world currenciesB. the history of the Bank of EnglandC. how to identify fake moneyD. dishonesty in everyday life42. Based on this passage, which of the following can you infer to be true?A. The problem of counterfeit money is going away.B. United States currency has modern security features to prevent counterfeiting.C. Banknotes in denominations greater than £50 have more advanced securityD. Most security features are fairly easy to replicate with inexpensive technology.43. This style of writing would best be described as _______.A. expositoryB. argumentativeC. narrativeD. descriptive44. With which of the following statements would the author of this passage likely agree?A. Security features should be used on banknotes very sparingly.B. The Bank of England unwisely spent an exorbitant amount of money to institute newC. Modern security features have garnered a lot of good publicity for the Bank ofD. It's unrealistic to think that counterfeit money will disappear anytime soon.45. All of the following are mentioned as security features of British money EXCEPT _______.A. paper that is very difficult to tearB. an embedded magnetic strip。