关系代词基本用法

❖ He is the very guy that I want to talk to.
❖ The first thing that you should do is to eat
sth.
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(一)只能用that不能用which的情形
❖④ 当主句前以which / who 开头 的特殊疑问词时 (避免重复)
定语从句
先行词 关系词
结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句
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关系代 词
先行词
从句 成分
例句
who whom
1.The man who I met today told me to
人
主语 come back. 宾语 •The reporter who is talking to the worker
is famous.
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Summary: 只能用that的情况
❖ 1. 先行词既有指人又有指物 ❖ 2. 当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级时，
有the only, the very 等修饰时 ❖ 3. 先行词是all, much, anything,
something, nothing等不定代词时
❖ 4. 主句是以whLeabharlann Baidu/which开头的特殊疑问句时
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(二)只能用which不能用that
❖ ① which可以引导非限制性定语从句 ， ❖ that不能 ❖ The recorder ,which I paid 200
dollars, proves to be very useful. ❖ Peter drove too fast, which was
从句中作主语/宾语,且作宾语时可省略. ① A plane is a machine that can fly. ② The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. ③ Who is the man that is reading a book ? ④ The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Bet5ty.
dangerous.
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(二)只能用which不能用that的情形
❖ ② which之前可以有介词，而that不 能
❖ I will never forget the school in which we studied together.
❖ This is the question about which they
are discussing.
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关系代词の--- who
who: 指人，在定语从句中作主语， 或宾语 做主语不能省略
人 宾语 The girl whom I met looks like Lily.
that
人；物
主语 1.She is the person that I want to see. 宾语 •The boy that has just left here is my
brother.
which
物
主语 1.This is a book which was written by 宾语 Hemingway.
❖Who is the girl that is standing over there?
❖Which ball is the one that belongs to Mike?
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(一)只能用that不能用which
❖ 5 当先行词同时指物和人时, 只能用that.
❖We are talking about the people and the things that we have visited in the county.
❖ All the students that are studying in our class are from Guangdong province.
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(一)只能用that不能用which
❖ ③当先行词被最高级、序数词以及 ❖ the only / the very 修饰时
❖ This is the only book that I can find in my desk.
定语从句
先行词 关系词
结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句
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关系词:1.关系代词: which﹑that、who﹑whom﹑whose 2.关系副词: when﹑ where﹑why
2.关系词的三大作用：
1）. 连接主从句
意
2）. 替代先行词（关系词=义=先行词）
3）. 在从句中做成分
She is an English teacher who likes traveling.
❖ All that can be done must be done. ❖ We should make use of everything that
is useful. 7
(一)只能用that不能用which的情形
❖ ②当先行词被
❖
all/little/few/much/some/any/no/every 修饰时
Grammar
(关系代词之基本用法)
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The Attributive Clause（定语从句）
1. 概念: 在复合句中， 修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句。 被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。 She is an English teacher who likes traveling.
•The pen which you lent me is lost.
The room whose window is red is mine.
whose 人；物 定语 This is the scientist whose name is John
Nash.
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关系代词の--- that
that : 既可指人，也可指物，在定语
关系代词の--- which
which: 指物,在定语从句中作主语
or宾语，作宾语时可省略. ①I lost the book which you gave me. ②This is our school which is very beautiful.
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(一)只能用that不能用which
❖① 当先行词是不定代词时 ❖all/none/anything/nothing/ ❖everything