大学英语六级阅读历年真题训练unit17(A)
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题与答案解析(共三套)
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析（第一套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】Whether to Attend a Vocational College or a University?It’s an undisputable truth that virtually all high school graduates will encounter the choices between a vocational college and a university. And when it comes to this question, students’ideas are not cut from the same cloth. In point of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration, my advices are as follow.In the first place, we should be conscious of the fact that both of the two choices have its own superiorities. For instance, a vocational college specializes in cultivating human resources with practical capabilities; while a university serves as the cradle of academic researchers in different fields. Then it does follow that high school graduates should have a clear picture of themselves. That is to say, they should know their merits and demerits and their choices must give play to their strengths whilst circumvent weaknesses. In addition, interest is the best teacher and it’s also the premise of learning on one’s own initiative. Thus interest must be taken into account because it can not only decide how far one can reach academically and professionally but also how happy and fulfilled one will be.In brief, all above just goes to show that there really is no one-size-fits-all answer for the question. The key lies in a clear cognition, accurate self-positioning and the interest of oneself. Only then can every one find a right path that works best for us.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.【答案】A【解析】题目问如果男士在二手书店中发现了自己写的书，那么男士会感觉怎样。
2017年大学英语六级（CET-6）真题试卷及答案解析16
2017年⼤学英语六级（CET-6）真题试卷及答案解析16 2017年⼤学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及答案解析Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the foursuggested answers marked A)，B)，C), and D) and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with asingle line through the centre.Example:You will hear:You will read: A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) Swimming.B) Playing tennis.C) Boating.D) Playing table tennis.2. A) She is going to Finland.B) She has visitors next week.C) She has guests at her home.D) She has just visited him this week.3. A) Get some coins at the cafe.B) Buy her a cup of coffee at the cafe.C) Get some coffee from the machine.D) Try to fix the machine.4. A) They spent three hundred dollars on their vacation.B) They drew money than they should have from the bank.C) They lost their bankbook.D) They had only three hundred dollars in the bank.5. A) To find out her position in the company.B) To apply for a job.C) To offer her a position in the company.D) To make an appointment with the sales manager.6. A) He is surprised.B) He feels very happy.C) He is indifferent.D) He feels very angry.7. A) He hasn’t cleaned his room since Linda visited him.B) Linda is the only person who ever comes to see him.C) He’s been too busy to clean his room.D) Cleaning is the last thing he wants to do.8. A) She is a generous woman by nature.B) It doesn’t have a back cover.C) She feels the man’s apology is enough.D) It is no longer of any use to her.9. A) To remind him of the data he should take to the conference.B) To see if he is ready for the coming conference.C) To tell him something about the conference.D) To help him prepare for the conference.10. A) The long wait.B) The broken down computer.C) The mistakes in her telephone bill.D) The bad telephone service.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) About 45 million.B) About 50 million.C) About 5.4 million.D) About 4.5 million.12. A) The actors and actresses are not paid for their performance.B) The actors and actresses only perform in their own communities.C) They exist only in small communities.D) They only put on shows that are educational.13. A) It provides them with the opportunity to watch performances for free.B) It provides them with the opportunity to make friends.C) It gives them the chance to do something creative.D) It gives them a chance to enjoy modern art.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are usually more clever.B) They get tired easily.C) They are more likely to make minor mental errors.D) They are more skillful in handling equipment.15. A) It had its limitations.B) Its results were regarded as final.C) It was supported by the government.D) It was not sound theoretically.16. A) Their lack of concentration resulting from mental stress.B) The lack of consideration for them in equipment design.C) The probability of their getting excited easily.D) Their slowness in responding.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) 18 American undergraduates.B) 18 American postgraduates.C) 18 overseas undergraduates.D) 18 overseas postgraduates.18. A) Family relations.B) social problemsC) Family planning.D) Personal matters.19. A) Red.B) Blue.C) Green.D) Purple.20. A) The five questions were not well designed.B) Not all the questionnaires were returned.C) Only a small number of students were surveyed.D) Some of the answers to the questionnaire were not valid.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them the re are fourchoices marked A)，B)，C), and D). you should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.A few common misconceptions. Beauty is only skin deep. One’s physical assets and liabilities don’t count all that much in a managerial career. A woman should always try to look her best.Over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not so beautiful people. The virtually unanimous conclusion: Looks do matter, more than most of us realize. The data suggest, for example, that physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents,sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. With the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs, they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted.Un American, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? Once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. Their typical experiment works something like this. They give each member of a group-college students, or teachers or corporate personnel mangers-a piece of paper relating an individual’s accomplishments. Attached to the paper is a photograph. While the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. Some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. Group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted.Almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. In the phrase, borrowed from Sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good.In business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. A Utah State University professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: In terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. But its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. On another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as women who may be less attractive.21. According to the passage, people often wrongly believe that in pursuing a career asa manager ________.A) a person’s property or debts do not matter muchB) a person’s outward appearance is not a critical qualificationC) women should always dress fashionablyD) women should not only be attractive but also high minded22. The result of research carried out by social scientists show that ________.A) people do not realize the importance of looking one’s bestB) women in pursuit of managerial jobs are not likely to be paid wellC) good looking women aspire to managerial positionsD) attractive people generally have an advantage over those who are not23. Experiments by scientists have shown that when people evaluate individuals oncertain attributes ________.A) they observe the principle that beauty is only skin deepB) they do not usually act according to the views they supportC) they give ordinary looking persons the lowest ratingsD) they tend to base their judgment on the individual’s accomplishments24. “Good looks cut both ways for women” (Line 1, Para. 5) means that ________.A) attractive women have tremendous potential impact on public jobsB) good looking women always get the best of everythingC) being attractive is not always an advantage for womenD) attractive women do not do as well as unattractive women in managerialpositions25. It can be inferred from the passage that in the business world ________.A) handsome men are not affected as much by their looks as attractive women areB) physically attractive women who are in the public eye usually do quite wellC) physically attractive men and women who are in the public eye usually get alongquite wellD) good looks are important for women as they are for menQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Not content with its doubtful claim to produce cheap food for our own population, the factory farming industry also argues that “hungry nations are benefiting from advances made by the poultry (家禽) industry”. In fact, rather than helping the fight against malnutrition (营养不良) in “hungry nations,” the spread of factory farming has, inevitably aggravated the problem.Large scale intensive meat and poultry production is a waste of food resources.This is because more protein has to be fed to animals in the form of vegetable matter than can ever be recovered in the form of meat. Much of the food value is lost in the animal’s process of digestion and cell replacement. Neither, in the ca se of chicken, can one eat feathers, blood, feet or head. In all, only about 44% of the live animal fits to be eaten as meat.This means one has to feed approximately 9—10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life.Nevertheless, the huge increase in poultry production throughout Asia and Africa continues. Normally British or US firms are involved. For instance, an American based multinational company has this year announced its involvement in projects in several African countries. Britain’s largest suppliers chickens, Ross Breeders, are also involved in projects all over the world.Because such trade is good for exports, Western governments encourage it. In 1979, a firm in Bangladesh called Phoenix Poultry received a grant to set up a unit of 6,000 chickens and 18,000 laying hens. This almost doubled the number of poultry kept in the country all at once.But Bangladesh lacks capital, energy and food and has large numbers of unemployed. Such chicken raising demands capital for building and machinery, extensive use of energy resources for automation, and involves feeding chickens withpotentialfamine relief protein food. At present, one of Bangladesh’s main imports is food grains, because the country is unable to grow enough food to feed its population. On what then can they possibly feed the chicken?26. In this passage the author argues that ________.A) efficiency must be raised in the poultry industryB) raising poultry can provide more protein than growing grainC) factory farming will do more harm than good to developing countriesD) hungry nations may benefit from the development of the poultry industry27. According to the author, in factory, vegetable food ________.A) is easy for chickens to digestB) is insufficient for the needs of poultryC) is fully utilised in meat and egg productionD) is inefficiently converted into meat and eggs28. Western governments encourage the poultry industry in Asia because they regard itas an effective way to ________.A) boost their own exportsB) alleviate malnutrition in Asian countriesC) create job opportunities in Asian countriesD) promote the exports of Asian countries29. The word “carcass” (Line 2, Para. 3) most probably means “________”.A) vegetables preserved for future useB) the dead body of an animal ready to be cut into meatC) expensive food that consumers can hardly affordD) meat canned for future consumption30. What the last paragraph tells us is the author’s ________.A) detailed analysis of the ways of raising poultry in BangladeshB) great appreciation of the development of poultry industry in BangladeshC) critical view on the development of the poultry industry in BangladeshD) practical suggestion for the improvement of the poultry industry in Bangladesh Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath emanates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other more causes.Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with badbreath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition.Bad breath can happen whenever the normal flow of saliva (唾液) slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide (硫化物).Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen rich saliva keeps their numbers down. When we sleep, for example, thesaliva stream slows, and sulfur producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic “morning breath”.Alcohol hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though it’s not understood why. Some people’s breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview.Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacteria have characteristically sweet breath.For most of us, the simple, dry mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath.Those with chronic dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy, or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria.Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad breath odor with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they don’t necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well protected from mouthwash under thick layers of mucus (粘液). If the mouthwash contains alcohol-as most do-it can intensify the problem by drying out the mouth.31. The phrase “emanate from”in Paragraph 1 most probably means “________”.A) thrive onB) account forC) originate fromD) descend from32. Which of the following is mentioned as one of the causes of bad breath?A) Tooth trouble.B) Sulfur rich food.C) Too much exercise.D) Mental strain.33. According to the passage, alcohol has something to do with bad breath mainlybecause ________.A) it keeps offending bacteria from reproducingB) its smell adds to bad breathC) it kills some helpful bacteriaD) it affects the normal flow of saliva34. Mouthwashes are not an effective cure for bad breath mainly because ________.A) they can’t mask the bad odor long enoughB) they can’t get to all the offending bacteriaC) their strong smell mixes with bad breath and makes it worseD) they can’t cover the thick layers of mucus35. We can infer from this passage that ________.A) offensive breath can’t easily be curedB) elderly people are less offended by bad breathC) heavy drinkers are less affected by bad breathD) offensive breath is less affected by alcoholQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.“Welcome to the U.S.A.! Major Credi t cards accepted!”By the millions they are coming no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched mass longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. “We don’t have a budget,” says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New York City’s South Street. “We just use our credit cards.”The U.S. has long been one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every corner of the globe; then came the weakening of the U.S. dollar against major currencies. Now the U.S., still the world’s superpower, can also claim to be the world’s bargain basement (廉价商品部). Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom retail prices-anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia-have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. That’s up from $74 billion the year before.True, not everyone comes just for brains. There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and U.S. television series. But shopping the U.S.A. is proving irresistible. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge (⽆节制) has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Yellowstone Park or sunbathing on a beach in Florida.The U.S. has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but is does put money in the bank. And with a trade deficit at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months,the U.S. needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the U.S. stay longer and spend more money at each stop; an average of 12.2 night and $1624 a traveller versus the American s’ four nights and $298.36. From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her ________.A) are reluctant to carry cash with themB) simply don’t care how much they spendC) are not good at planning their expenditureD) often spend more money than they can afford37. The reason why 1994 was exceptional is that ________.A) it saw an unusually large number of tourists to the U.S.B) it witnessed a drop in the number of tourists to the U.S.C) tourism was hardly affected by the weakening of the U.S. dollar that yearD) tourists came to the U.S. for sightseeing rather than for bargains that year38. By saying “nobody undersells America” (Line 4, Para. 3), the author means that________.A) no other country underestimates the competitiveness of American productsB) nobody expects the Americans to cut the prices of their commoditiesC) nobody restrains the selling of American goodsD) no other country sells at a lower price that America39. Why does the author assert that all things American are fascinating to foreigners?A) Because they have gained much publicity through the American media.B) Because they represent the world’s latest fashions.C) Because they embody the most sophisticated technology.D) Because they are available at all tourist destinations.40. From the passage we can conclude that the U.S. has come to realize ________.A) the weakening if the U.S. dollar can result in trade deficitsB) the lower the retail prices, the greater the profitsC) tourism can make great contributions to its economyD) visitors to the U.S. are wealthier than U.S. tourists abroadPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A)，B)，C), and D). Choose the ONE that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. His career was not noticeably ________ by the fact that he had never been tocollege.A) preventedB) preventedC) hinderedD) refrained42. When trapped in drifting sands, do not struggle, or you will be ________ in deeper.A) absorbedB) pushedC) heavedD) sucked43. To ________ for his unpleasant experiences he drank a little more than was good forhim.A) commenceB) compromiseC) compensateD) compliment44. All visitors are requested to ________ with the regulations.A) complyB) agreeC) assistD) consent45. The captain ________ the horizon for approaching ships.A) scannedB) scrutinizedC) exploredD) swept46. The vast majority of people in any given culture will ________ established standards of that culture.A) confineB) conformC) confront47. Although he was on a diet, the food ________ him enormously.A) inspiredB) temptedC) overcameD) encouraged48. His argument does not suggest that mankind can ________ to be wasteful in the utilization of these resources.A) resortB) grantC) affordD) entitle49. If you want this pain killer, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a ________.A) receiptB) recipeC) subscriptionD) prescription50. Some fish have a greater ________ for acid water than others.A) toleranceB) resistanceC) dependenceD) persistence51. There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in ________ with its surroundings.A) coincidenceB) harmonyC) uniformD) alliance52. The court considers a financial ________ to be an appropriate way of punishing him.A) paymentB) obligationC) option53. It is true that ________ a wild plant into a major food crop such as wheat requires much research time.A) multiplyingB) breedingC) magnifyingD) generating54. The government has devoted a larger slice of its national ________ to agriculture than most other countries.A) resourcesB) potentialC) budgetD) economy55. In this poor country, survival is still the leading industry; all else is ________.A) luxuryB) accommodationC) entertainmentD) refreshment56. Some criminals were printing ________ dollar bills until they were arrested.A) decentB) fakeC) patentD) suspicious57. Mr. Bloom is not ________ now, but he will be famous someday.A) significantB) dominantC) magnificentD) prominent58. His body temperature has been ________ for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5D) extraordinary59. He seems to be ________ enough to climb to the mountain top in an hour.A) radiantB) conscientiousC) conspicuousD) energetic60. Although cats cannot see in complete darkness their eyes are much more ________ to light than are human eyes.A) glowingB) brilliantC) sensitiveD) gloomy61. While nuclear weapons present grave ________ dangers, the predominant crisis of overpopulation is with us today.A) inevitableB) constantC) overwhelmingD) potential62. This is the ________ piano on which the composer created some of his greatest works.A) trueB) originalC) realD) genuine63. Comparison and contrast are often used ________ in advertisements.A) intentionallyB) pertinentlyC) incidentallyD) tiresomely64. A complete investigation into the causes of the accident should lead to improved standards and should ________ new operating procedures.65. ________ popular belief that classical music is too complex, it achieves a simplicitythat only a genius can create.A) Subject toB) Contrary toC) Familiar toD) Similar to66. The bond of true affection had pulled us six very different men from six verydifferent countries across Antarctica; we proved in the end that we weren’t very different ________.A) for allB) as usualC) in particularD) after all67. Though her parents ________ her musical ability, Jerrilou’s piano playing is reallyterrible.A) pour scorn onB) heap praise uponC) give vent toD) cast light upon68. Some children display an ________ curiosity about every new thing they encounter.A) incredibleB) infectiousC) incompatibleD) inaccessible69. Bruce Stephen gripped the ________ wheel hard as the car bounced up and down.A) stirringB) drivingC) steeringD) revolving70. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged ________ how great theirachievements are.A) in spite ofPart IV Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions orcomplete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10words).One summer my wife Chris and I were invited by friends to row down the Colorado River in a boat. Our expedition included many highly successful people the kind who have staffs to take care of life’s daily work. But in the wilder rapids, all of us naturally set aside any pretenses (矫饰) and put out backs into every stroke to keep the boat from tumbling over. At each night’s encampment, we all hauled supplies and cleaned dishes. After only two days in the river, people accustomed to being spoiled and indulged had become a team, working together to cope with the unpredictable twists and turns of the river.I believe that in life as well as on boat trips teamwork will make all our journeys successful ones. The rhythms of teamwork have been the rhythms of my life. I played basketball alongside famous players, and the team I now coach, the New York Knicks, has recovered from years of adversity to become a major contender in the 1990s.I’m persuaded that teamwork is the key to making dreams come true. We all play on a number of teams in our lives-as part of a family, as a citizen, as a member of an agreement, written or unwritten. It contains the values and goals for every team member.For example, in the late 1970s a General Motors plant in Fremont, Calif, was the scene of constant warfare between labor and management. Distrust ran so high that the labor contract was hundreds of pages of tricky legal terms. GM spent millions trying to keep the facility up to date, but productivity and quality were continually poor. Absenteeism (旷⼯) was so out of control that the production line couldn’t even start up on some mornings. Finally in the early 1980s, GM shut down the plant. GM became convinced that it had to create new production systems based on teamwork. In the mid 1980s it reopened the Fremont plant with Toyota, starting from scratch (从零开始) with a much simpler and shorter labor contract. It promised that executive salaries would be reduced and jobs performed by outside sellers would be given to employees before any layoffs were considered. Over a hundred job classifications were cut to just two. Instead of doing one boring job over and over, workers agreed to be part of small teams, spending equal time on various tasks.Questions: (注意: 答题尽量简短，超过10个词要扣分。
大学英语六级改革适用(阅读)模拟试卷171(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷171(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 4. Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading ComprehensionSection ABargain book shoppers must have been pleased looking at Amazon’s bestseller list this weekend: The online bookseller had dropped prices on some of its top-selling hardcovers, as much as 64% off【C1】______. While people are used to seeing deals at Amazon, the present【C2】______is unusually deep. The booksellers’newsletter Shelf Awareness【C3】______a rare Saturday issue about them, writing that the discounts were at “levels we’ve never seen in the history of Amazon.”And according to Jack Mckeown, president of Books & Books Westhampton Beach in New York, it is an open【C4】______of war against the industry. Amazon has just announced that it will add 7,000 jobs—2,000 of those seasonal—at its regional shipping and customer service centers. The company says its workers make 30% more than traditional retail【C5】______. President Obama, who is known to【C6】______shop at independent bookstores when given the chance, has angered the American Booksellers Association with a planned appearance Tuesday at an Amazon warehouse. ABA Chief Executive Oren Teicher stated that the appearance is “greatly 【C7】______,” as he wrote in an open letter to the president because Amazon has caused a net loss of jobs, while President Obama’s goal is to【C8】______his plan for a stronger economy. Can President Obama be a friend to independent booksellers and the online retailer at the same time? He’s been【C9】______at independent bookstores Prairie Lights in Iowa City and Bunch of Grapes in Martha’s Vineyard. The next time he shows up to shop for books, they may have some words for him, which may be less than【C10】______. A)trimming B)retail C)evidently D)aggressive E)staff F)promote G)misguided H)motivation I)quest J)delivered K)declaration L)reckon M)photographed N)enthusiastic O)faithfully 1．【C1】正确答案：B解析：介词off提示空格处应为名词。
17年英语六级阅读练习题及答案
17年英语六级阅读练习题及答案行动是治愈恐惧的良药，而犹豫拖延将不断滋养恐惧。
以下是为大家搜索的17年阅读练习题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!A: Summary: When home office puters go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward.B: Fires, power surges, and floods, they're all factsof life. We read about them in the morning paper and see them on the evening news. We sympathize with the victimsand miserate over their bad luck. We also shake our headsat the digital consequences—melted puters, system failures, destroyed data. Yet, somehow, many of us continue to liveby that old mantra of denial: "It won't happen to me." Well, the truth is, at some point you'll probably have to dealwith at least one disaster. That's just how it goes, and in most aspects of our lives we do something about it. We buy insurance. We stow away provisions. We even make disaster plans and run drills. But for some reason, puter disaster recovery is a blind spot for many of us. It shouldn't be. Home puters contain some of our most important information, both business and personal, and making certain our data survives a disaster should be a priority. Moreover, eventhe smallest disaster can be a serious disruption. Personalputers have bee an integral part of the smooth-running household. We use them to municate, shop, and do homework, and they're even more vital to home office users. When home office puters go down, many small businesses grind to a halt. Fortunately, taking steps to recover from disasters and minimize their effects is quite straightforward. With a good offsite storage plan and the right tools, you can bounce back quickly and easily from minor puter disasters. And, should a major calamity strike, you can rest assured your data is safe.C: House fires and floods are among the most devastating causes of personal puter destruction. That's why a solid offsite backup and recovery plan is essential. Although many home users faithfully back up their hard drives, many would still lose all their data should their house flood our burn. That's because they keep their backups in relatively close to their puters. Their backup disks might not be in the same room as their puters—tucked away in a closet or even the garage—but they're not nearly far enough away should a serious disaster strike. So, it's important to back up your system to a removable medium and to store it elsewhere.D: There are many ways to approach offsite storage. It starts with choice of backup tools and storage medium. Disaster situations are stressful, and your recovery toolsshouldn't add to that stress. They must be dependable and intuitive, making it easy to schedule regular backups andto retrieve files in a pinch. They must also be patiblewith your choice of backup medium. Depending on your tools, you can back up to a variety of durable disk types—from CDs to Jaz drives to remote work servers. Although many of these storage media have high capacity, a backup tool with pression capabilities is a big plus, eliminating the inconvenience of multiple disks or large uploads.E: Once you select your tools and a suitable medium,you need to find a remote place to store your backups. The options are endless. However, no matter where you choose,be sure the site is secure, easily aessible, and a good distance away from your home. You may also want to consider using an Inter-based backup service. More and more service providers are offering storage space on their servers, and uploading files to a remote location has bee an attractive alternative to conventional offsite storage. Of course, before using one of these services, make certain youpletely trust the service provider and its security methods. Whatever you do, schedule backups regularly and store them far away from your home.F: Not all home puter damage results from physical disaster. Many less menacing problems can also hobble your PC or destroy your information. Systems crash, kids"rearrange" data, adults inadvertently delete files. Although these events might not seem calamitous, they can have serious implications. So, once again, it's important to be prepared. As with physical disasters, regular backups are essential. However, some of these smaller issues require a response that's more nuanced than wholesale backup and restoration. To deal with less-than-total disaster, your tool set must be both powerful and agile. For example, when a small number of files are promised, you may want to retrieve those files alone. Meanwhile, if just your settings are affected, you'll want a simple way toroll back to your preferred setup. Yet, should your operating system fail, you'll need a way to boot your puter and perform large-scale recovery. Computer crises e in all shapes and sizes, and your backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to meet each challenge.G: When disaster strikes, the quality of your backup tools can make the difference between utter frustration and peace of mind. Symantec understands this and offers a range of top quality backup and recovery solutions. Norton GoBack is the perfect tool for random system crashes, failed installations, and inadvertent deletions. With this powerful and convenient solution, it's simple to retrieve overwritten files or to bring your system back to its pre-crash state. Norton Ghost is a time-tested home officesolution. Equipped to handle full-scale backups, it's also handy for cloning hard drives and facilitating system upgrades. A favorite choice for IT professionals, it's the ideal tool for the burgeoning home office. You can buy Norton Ghost and Norton GoBack separately, or get them both when you purchase Norton System Works.H: Life's disasters, large and small, often catch us by surprise. However, with a little planning and the right tools, you can reduce those disasters to bumps in the road. So, don't wait another day. Buy a good set of disaster recovery tools, set up an automatic backup schedule, and perform a dry run every now and again. Then, rest easy.1. You should take steps to recover from puter disasters so as to minimize their effects.2. For some reason, puter disaster recovery is always ignored by many of us.3. You can bounce back quickly and easily minor puter disasters with the help of a good offsite storage plan and the right tools.4. The most devastating causes of personal puter destruction includes house fires and floods.5. It's necessary for us to back up our systems to some transferable medium and to put it somewhere else.6. You should find a distant place to store your backups after selecting your tools and a suitable medium.7. Not only physical disaster can damage your puter.8. The backup and recovery tools must be flexible enough to deal with various puter crises.9. The quality of your backup tools determines whether you are frustrated or have a peaceful mind when disaster strikes.10. You should prepare for your puter disasters now and again.1. A根据题干中的信息词recover from puter disasters定位到本文的第一段。
历年大学英语六级考试阅读理解题汇编备考2017年6月大学英语六级——阅读理解
历年大学英语六级考试阅读真题备考2017年6月大学英语六级考试（阅读理解）Reading Comprehension 2015.12-1Section AAs it is,sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor.Plus,we live in a culture that 26to the late-nighter,from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close.It's no surprise,then,that more than half of American adults don't get the 7to 9hours of shut-eye every night as 27by sleep experts.Whether or not we can catch up on sleep——on the weekend,say--is a hotly 28topic among sleep researchers.The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't 29,it might help.When Liu,the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine,brought 30sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10hours per night,they showed 31in the ability of insulin (胰岛素)to process blood sugar.That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep 32causes,which is encouraging given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night.Still,Liu isn't 33to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later.Sleeping pills,while helpful for some,are not 34an effective remedy either."A sleeping pill will 35one area of the brain,but there's never going to be a perfect sleeping pill,because you couldn't really replicate (复制)the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep,"says Dr.Nancy Collop,director of the Emory University Sleep Center.A)alternatively E)deprivation I)negotiated M)recommended B)caters F)ideal J)pierce N)surpasses C)chronically G)improvements K)presumption O)target D)debated H)necessarily L)ready Section B Climate change may be real,but it's still not easy being greenHow do we convince our inner caveman to be greener?We ask some outstanding social scientists.[A]The road to climate hell is paved with our good intentions.Politicians may tackle polluters while scientists do battle with carbon emissions.But the most pervasive problem is less obvious:our own behaviour.We get distracted before we can turn down the heating.We break our promise not to fly after hearing about a neighbour's trip to India.Ultimately,we can't be bothered to change our attitude.Fortunately for the planet,social science and behavioural economics may be able to do that for us.[B]Despite mournful polar bears and charts showing carbon emissions soaring,most people find it hard to believe that global warming will affect them personally.Recent polls by the Pew Research Centre in Washington,DC,found that 75-80per cent of participants regarded climate change as an important issue.But respondents ranked it last on a list of priorities.[C]This inconsistency largely stems from a feeling of powerlessness."When we can't actually remove the source of our fear,we tend to adapt psychologically by adopting a range of defence mechanisms,"says Tom Crompton,change strategist for the environmental organisation World Wide Fund for Nature.[D]Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman.Evolution has programmed humans to pay most attention to issues that will have an immediate impact."We worry most about now because if we don't survive for the next minute,we're not going to be around in ten years'time,"says Professor Elke Weber ofthe Centre for Research on Environmental Decisions at Columbia University in New York.If the Thames were lapping around Big Ben,Londoners would face up to the problem of emissions pretty quickly.But in practice,our brain discounts the risks-and benefits-associated with issues that lie some way ahead.[E]Matthew Rnshworth,of the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Oxford, sees this in his lab every day."One of the ways in which all agents seem to make decisions is that they assign a lower weighting to outcomes that are going to be further away in the future,"he says."This is a very sensible way for an animal to make decisions in the wild and would have been very helpful for humans for thousands of years."[F]Not any longer.By the time we wake up to the threat posed by climate change,it could well be too late.And if we're not going to make rational decisions about the future,others may have to help us to do so.[G]Few political libraries are without a copy of Nudge:Improving Decisions About Health,Wealth and Happiness,by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein.They argue that governments should persuade us into making better decisions--such as saving more in our pension plans--by changing the default options. Professor Weber believes that environmental policy can make use of similar tactics.If,for example,building codes included green construction guidelines,most developers would be too lazy to challenge them.[H]Defaults are certainly part of the solution.But social scientists are most concerned about crafting messages that exploit our group mentality(心态)."We need to understand what motivates people,what it is that allows them to make change,"says Professor Nell Adger,of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research in Norwich."It is actually about what their peers think of them,what their social norms are,what is seen as desirable in society."In other words,our inner caveman is continually looking over his shoulder to see what the rest of the tribe are up to.[I]The passive attitude we have to climate change as individuals can be altered by counting us in--and measuring us against--our peer group."Social norms are primitive and elemental,"says Dr.Robert Cialdini, author of Influence:The Psychology of Persuasion."Birds flock together,fish school together,cattle herd together...,just perceiving norms is enough to cause people to adjust their behaviour in the direction of the crowd."[J]These norms can take us beyond good intentions.Cialdini conducted a study in San Diego in which coat hangers bearing messages about saving energy were hung on people's doors.Some of the messages mentioned the environment,some financial savings,others social responsibility.But it was the ones that mentioned the actions of neighbours that drove down power use.[K]Other studies show that simply providing the facility for people to compare their energy use with the local average is enough to cause them to modify their behaviour.The Conservatives plan to adopt this strategy by making utility companies print the average local electricity and gas usage on people's bills.[L]Social science can also teach politicians how to avoid our collective capacity for serf-destructive behaviour.Environmental campaigns that tell us how many people drive SUVs unwittingly(不经意地) imply that this behaviour is widespread and thus permissible.Cialdini recommends some careful framing of the message."Instead of normalising the undesirable behaviour,the message needs to marginalise it,for example,by stating that if even one person buys yet another SUV,it reduces our ability to be energy-independent."[M]Tapping into how we already see ourselves is crucial.The most successful environmental strategy will marry the green message to our own sense of identity.Take your average trade union member,chances are they will be politically motivated and be used to collective action--much like Erica Gregory.A retired member of the Public and Commercial Services Union,she is setting up one of1,100action groups with the support of Climate Solidarity,a two-year environmental campaign aimed at trade unionists.[N]Erica is proof that a great-grandmother can help to lead the revolution if you get the psychology right--in this case,by matching her enthusiasm for the environment with a fondness for organising groups."I think it's a terrific idea,"she says of the campaign."The union backing it makes members think there mustbe something in it."She is expecting up to20people at the first meeting she has called,at her local pub in the Cornish village of Polperro.[O]Nick Perks,project director for Climate Solidarity,believes this sort of activity is where the future of environmental action lies."Using existing civil society structures or networks is a more effective way of creating change..,and obviously trade unions are one of the biggest civil society networks in the UK,"he says.The"Love Food,Hate Waste"campaign entered into a collaboration last year with another such network--the Women's Institute.Londoner Rachel Taylor joined the campaign with the aim of making new friends.A year on,the meetings have made lasting changes to what she throws away in her kitchen."It's always more of an incentive if you're doing it with other people,"she says."It motivates you more if you know that you've got to provide feedback to a group."[P]The power of such simple psychology in fighting climate change is attracting attention across the political establishment.In the US,the House of Representatives Science Committee has approved a bill allocating$10million a year to studying energy-related behaviour.In the UK,new studies are in development and social scientists are regularly spotted in British government offices.With the help of psychologists,there is fresh hope that he might go green after all.36.When people find they are powerless to change a situation,they tend to live with it.37.To be effective,environmental messages should be carefully framed.38.It is the government's responsibility to persuade people into making environment-friendly decisions.39.Politicians are beginning to realize the importance of enlisting psychologists'help in fighting climate change.40.To find effective solutions to climate change,it is necessary to understand what motivates people to make change.41.In their evolution,humans have learned to pay attention to the most urgent issues instead of long-term concerns.42.One study shows that our neighbours'actions are influential in changing our behaviour.43.Despite clear signs of global warming,it is not easy for most people to believe climate change will affect their own lives.44.We should take our future into consideration in making decisions concerning climate change before it is too late.45.Existing social networks can be more effective in creating change in people's behaviour. Section CPassage OneMore than a decade ago,cognitive scientists John Bransford and Daniel Schwartz,both then at Vanderbilt University,found that what distinguished young adults from children was not the ability to retain facts or apply prior knowledge to a new situation but a quality they called"preparation for future learning." The researchers asked fifth graders and college students to create a recovery plan to protect bald eagles from extinction.Shockingly,the two groups came up with plans of similar quality(although the college students had better spelling skills).From the standpoint of a traditional educator,this outcome indicated that schooling had failed to help students think about ecosystems and extinction,major scientific ideas.The researchers decided to go deeper,however.They asked both groups to generate questions about important issues needed to create recovery plans.On this task,they found large differences.College students focused on critical issues of interdependence between eagles and their habitats(栖息地).Fifth graders tended to focus on features of individual eagles("How big are they?"and"What do they eat?").The college students had cultivated the ability to ask questions,the cornerstone of critical thinking.They had learned how to learn.Museums and other institutions of informal learning may be better suited to teach this skill thanelementary and secondary schools.At the Exploratorium in San Francisco,we recently studied how learning to ask good questions can affect the quality of people's scientific inquiry.We found that when we taught participants to ask "What if?."and "How can?"questions that nobody present would know the answer to and that would spark exploration,they engaged in better inquiry at the next exhibit--asking more questions,performing more experiments and making better interpretations of their results.Specifically,their questions became more comprehensive at the new exhibit.Rather than merely asking about something they wanted to try,they tended to include both cause and effect in their question.Asldng juicy questions appears to be a transferable skill for deepening collaborative inquiry into the science content found in exhibits.This type of learning is not confined to museums or institutional rmal learning environments tolerate failure better than schools.Perhaps many teachers have too little time to allow students to form and pursue their own questions and too much ground to cover in the curriculum.But people must acquire this skill somewhere.Our society depends on them being able to make critical decisions about their own medical treatment,say,or what we must do about global energy needs and demands.For that,we have a robust informal learning system that gives no grades,takes all comers,and is available even on holidays and weekends.46.What is traditional educators'interpretation of the research outcome mentioned in the first paragraph?A)Students are not able to apply prior knowledge to new problems.B)College students are no better than fifth graders in memorizing facts.C)Education has not paid enough attention to major environmental issues.D)Education has failed to lead students to think about major scientific ideas.47.In what way are college students different from children?A)They have learned to think critically.B)They are concerned about social issues.C)They are curious about specific features.D)They have learned to work independently.48.What is the benefit of asking questions with no ready answers?A)It arouses students'interest in things around them.B)It cultivates students'ability to make scientific inquiries.C)It trains students'ability to design scientific experiments.D)It helps students realize not every question has an answer.49.What is said to be the advantage of informal learning?A)It allows for failures.C)It charges no tuition.B)It is entertaining.D)It meets practical needs.50.What does the author seem to encourage educators to do at the end of the passage?A)Train students to think about global issues.B)Design more interactive classroom activities.C)Make full use of informal learning resources.D)Include collaborative inquiry in the curriculum.Passage Two "There's an old saying in the space world:amateurs talk about technology,professionals talk about insurance."In an interview last year with The Economist,George Whitesides,chief executive of space-tourism firm Virgin Galactic,was placing his company in the latter category.But insurance will be cold comfort following the failure on October 31st of VSS Enterprise,resulting in the death of one pilot and the severe injury to another.On top of the tragic loss of life,the accident in California will cast a long shadow over the future of space tourism,even before it has properly begun.The notion of space tourism took hold in 2001with a $20million flight aboard a Russian spacecraft by Dennis Tito,a millionaire engineer with an adventurous streak.Just half a dozen holiday-makers have reached orbit since then,for similarly astronomical price tags.But more recently,companies have begun to plan more affordable "suborbital"flights--briefer ventures just to the edge of space's vast darkness.Virgin Galactic had,prior to this week's accident,seemed closest to starting regular flights.The company has already taken deposits from around 800would-be space tourists,including Stephen Hawking.After being dogged by technical delays for years,Sir Richard Branson,Virgin Galactic's founder,had recently suggested that a SpaceShipTwo craft would carry its first paying customers as soon as February 2015.That now seems an impossible timeline.In July,a sister craft of the crashed spaceplane was reported to be about half-finished.The other half will have to wait,as authorities of America's Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)and National Transportation Safety Board work out what went wrong.In the meantime,the entire space tourism industry will be on tenterhooks (坐立不安).The 2004Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act,intended to encourage private space vehicles and services,prohibits the transportation secretary (and thereby the FAA)from regulating the design or operation of private spacecraft,unless they have resulted in a serious or fatal injury to crew or passengers.That means that the FAA could suspend Virgin Galactic's licence to fly.It could also insist on checking private manned spacecraft as thoroughly as it does commercial aircraft.While that may make suborbital travel safer,it would add significant cost and complexity to an emerging industry that has until now operated largely as the playground of billionaires and dreamy engineers.How Virgin Galactic,regulators and the public respond to this most recent tragedy will determine whether and how soon private space travel can transcend that playground.There is no doubt that spaceflight entails risks,and to pioneer a new mode of travel is to face those risks,and to reduce them with the benefit of hard-won experience.51.What is said about the failure of VSS Enterprise?A)It may lead to the bankruptcy of Virgin Galactic.B)It has a strong negative impact on space tourism.C)It may discourage rich people from space travel.D)It has aroused public attention to safety issues.52.What do we learn about the space-tourism firm Virgin Galactic?A)It has just built a craft for commercial flights.C)It was about ready to start regular business.B)It has sent half a dozen passengers into space.D)It is the first to launch "suborbital"flights.53.What is the purpose of the 2004Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act?A)To ensure space travel safety.B)To limit the FAA's functions.C)To legalize private space explorations D)To promote the space tourism industry.54.What might the FAA do after the recent accident in California?A)Impose more rigid safety standards.B)Stop certifying new space-tourist agencies.C)Amend its 2004Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act.D)Suspend Virgin Galactic's licence to take passengers into space.55.What does the author think of private space travel?A)It is worth promoting despite the risks involved C)It should be strictly regulated.B)It should not be confined to the rich only.D)It is too risky to carry on.2015.12-2Section A According to a report from the Harvard School of Public Health,many everyday products,including some bug sprays and cleaning fluids,could lead to an increased risk of brain and behavioral disorders in children.The developing brain,the report says,is particularly 36to the toxic effects of certain chemicals these products may contain,and the damage they cause can be 37.The official policy,however,is still evolving.Health and environmental 38have long urged ernment agencies to 39the use of some of the 11chemicals the report cites and called for more studies on their long-term effects.In 2001,for example,the Environmental Protection Agency 40thetype and amount of lead that could be present in paint and soil in homes and child-care 41,after concerns were raised about lead poisoning.The agency is now 42the toxic effects of some of the chemicals in the latest report.But the threshold for regulation is high.Because children's brain and behavioral disorders,like hyperactivity and lower grades,can also be linked to social and genetic factors,it's tough to pin them on exposure to specific chemicals with solid 43evidence,which is what the EPA requires.Even the Harvard study did not prove a direct 44but noted strong associations between exposure and risk of behavioral issues.Nonetheless,it's smart to 45caution.While it may be impossible to prevent kids from drinking tap water that may contain trace amounts of chemicals,keeping kids away from lawns recently sprayed with chemicals and freshly dry-cleaned clothes can't hurt.A.advocates pact C.correlation D.exercise E.facilities F.interaction G.investigating H.overwhelmed I.particles J.permanent K.restricted L.simulating M.statistical N.tighten O.vulnerable Section B [A ]Politicians are fond of promising rapid energy transitions.Whether it is a transition from imported to domestic oil or from coal-powered electricity production to natural-gas power plants,politicians love to talk big.Unfortunately for them (and often the taxpayers),our energy systems are a bit like an aircraft carrier:they are unbelievably expensive,they are built to last for a very long time,they have a huge amount of inertia (meaning it takes a lot of energy to set them moving ),and they have a lot of momentum once they are set in motion.No matter how hard you try,you can't turn something that large on a dime (10美分硬币),or even a few thousand dimes.[B ]In physics,moving objects have two characteristics relevant to understanding the dynamics of energy systems:inertia and momentum.Inertia is the resistance of objects to efforts to change their state of motion.If you try to push a boulder (大圆石),it pushes you back.Once you have started the boulder rolling,it develops momentum,which is defined by its mass and velocity.Momentum is said to be "conserved,"that is,once you build it up,it has to go somewhere.So a heavy object,like a football player moving at a high speed,has a lot of momentum-that is,once he is moving,it is hard to change his state of motion.If you want to change his course,you have only a few choices:you can stop him,transferring (possibly painfully)some of his kinetic energy (动能)to your own body,or you can approach alongside and slowly apply pressure to gradually alter his course.[C ]But there are other kinds of momentum as well.After all,we don't speak only of objects or people as having momentum;we speak of entire systems having momentum.Whether it's a sports team or a presidential campaign,everybody relishes having the big momentum,because it makes them harder to stop or change direction.[D ]One kind of momentum is technological momentum.When a technology is deployed,its impacts reach far beyond itself.Consider the incandescent (白炽灯的)bulb,an object currently hated by many environmentalists and energy-efficiency advocates.The incandescent light bulb,invented by Thomas Edison,which came to be the symbol of inspiration,has been developed into hundreds,if not thousands,of forms.Today,a visit to a lighting store reveals a stunning array of choices.There are standard-shaped bulbs,flame-shaped bulbs,colored globe-shaped bulbs,and more.It is quite easy,with all that choice,to change a light bulb.[E ]But the momentum of incandescent lighting does not stop there.All of those specialized bulbs ledto the building of specialized light fixtures,from the desk lamp you study by,to the ugly but beloved hand-painted Chinese lamp you inherited from your grandmother,to the ceiling fixture in your closet,to the light in your oven or refrigerator,and to the light that the dentist points at you.It is easy to change a lightbulb,sure,but it is harder to change the bulb and its fixture.[F]And there is more to the story,because not only are the devices that house incandescent bulbs shaped to their underlying characteristics,but rooms and entire buildings have been designed in accordance with how incandescent lighting reflects off walls and windows.[G]As lighting expert Howard Brandston points out,“Generally,there are no bad light sources,only bad applications."There are some very commendable characteristics of the CFL[compact fluorescent(荧光的)light bulb],yet the selection of any light source remains inseparable from the luminaire(照明装置) that houses it,along with the space in which both are installed,and lighting requirements that need to be satisfied.The lamp,the fixture,and the room,all three must work in concert for the true benefits of end-users.If the CFL should be used for lighting a particular space,or an object within that space,the fixture must be designed to work with that lamp,and that fixture with the room.It is a symbiotic(共生的) relationship.A CFL cannot be simply installed in an incandescent fixture and then expected to produce a visual appearance that is more than washed out,foggy,and dim.The whole fixture must be replaced-light source and luminaire-and this is never an inexpensive proposition.[H]And Brandston knows a thing or two about lighting,being the man who illuminated the Statue of Liberty.[I]Another type of momentum we have to think about when planning for changes in our energy systems is labor-pool momentum.It is one thing to say that we are going to shift30percent of our electricity supply from,say,coal to nuclear power in20years.But it is another thing to have a supply of trained talent that could let you carry out this promise.That is because the engineers,designers,regulators,operators,and all of the other skilled people needed for the new energy industry are specialists who have to be trained first (or retrained,if they are the ones being laid off in some related industry),and education,like any other complicated endeavor,takes time.And not only do our prospective new energy workers have to be trained, they have to be trained in the right sequence.One needs the designers,and perhaps the regulators,before the builders and operators,and each group of workers in training has to know there is work waiting beyond graduation.In some cases,colleges and universities might have to change their training programs, adding another layer of difficulty.[J]By far the biggest type of momentum that comes into play when it comes to changing our energy systems is economic momentum.The major components of our energy systems,such as fuel production, refining,electrical generation and distribution,are costly installations that have lengthy life spans.They have to operate for long periods of time before the costs of development have been recovered.When investors put up money to build,say,a nuclear power plant,they expect to earn that money back over the planned life of the plant,which is typically between40and60years.Some coal power plants in the United States have operated for more than70years!The oldest continuously operated commercial hydro-electric plant in the United States is on New York's Hudson River,and it went into commercial service in1898.[K]As Vaclav Smil points out,"All the forecasts,plans,and anticipations cited above have failed so miserably because their authors and promoters thought the transitions they hoped to implement would proceed unlike all previous energy transitions,and that their progress could be accelerated in an unprecedented manner."[L]When you hear people speaking of making a rapid transition toward any type of energy,whether it is a switch from coal to nuclear power,or a switch from gasoline-powered cars to electric cars,or even a switch.from an incandescent to a fluorescent light,understanding energy system inertia and momentum can help you decide whether their plans are feasible.46.Not only moving objects and people but all systems have momentum.47.Changing the current energy system requires the systematic training of professionals and skilled labor.48.Changing a light bulb is easier than changing the fixture housing it.49.Efforts to accelerate the current energy transitions didn't succeed as expected.50.To change the light source is costly because you have to change the whole fixture.51.Energy systems,like an aircraft carrier set in motion,have huge momentum.52.The problem with lighting,if it arises,often doesn't lie in light sources but in their applications.53.The biggest obstacle to energy transition is that the present energy system is too expensive to replace.54.The application of a technology can impact areas beyond itself.55.Physical characteristics of moving objects help explain the dynamics of energy systems.Section C Passage One One hundred years ago,"Colored"was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent.Twenty years later,it was purposefully dropped to make way for "Negro."By the late 1960s,that term was overtaken by "Black."And then,at a press conference in Chicago in 1988,Jesse Jackson declared that "African American"was the term to embrace.This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups,such as "Italian Americans"and "Irish Americans,"that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.A century's worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise.A 2001study cataloged all the ways in which the term "Black"carried connotations (涵义)that were more negative than those of "African American."But if it was known that "Black"people were viewed differently from "African Americans,"researchers,until now,hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from.A recent study,conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall,found that "Black"people are viewed more negatively.than "African Americans"because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status.As a result,"Black"people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial biases permeating the professional world.Even seemingly harmless details on a resume,it appears,can tap into recruiters'biases.A job application might mention affiliations with groups such as the "Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers"or the "National Black Employees Association,"the names of which apparently have consequences,and are also beyond their members'control.In one of the study's experiments,subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams.To one group,he was identified as "African-American,"and another was told he was "Black."With little else to go on,they were asked to estimate Mr.Williams's salary,professional standing,and educational background.The "African-American"group estimated that he earned about $37,000a year and had a two-year college degree.The "Black"group,on the other hand,put his salary at about $29,000,and guessed that he had only "some"college experience.Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr.Williams worked at a managerial level,while only 38.5percent of the second group thought so.Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use "African American,"though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress.Perhaps a new phrase is needed,one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois's original,idealistic hope:"It's not the name-it's the Thing that counts."56.Why did Jesse Jackson embrace the term "African American"for people of African descent?A.It is free from racial biases.B.It represents social progress. C.It is in the interest of common Americans.D.It follows the standard naming practice.57.What does the author say about the naming of an ethnic group ?A.It advances with the times.B.It is based on racial roots. C.It merits intensive study.D.It is politically sensitive.。
大学生英语六级考试阅读试题及答案
大学生英语六级考试阅读试题及答案大学生英语六级考试阅读精选试题及答案2017年12月大学英语四六级考试时间为12月16日，考试时长为130分钟，总分710分，为帮助大家顺利通过2017年的考试，下面是小编为大家搜索整理的英语六级辅导训练，希望能给大家带来帮助!Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Yet with economies in free fail, managers also need up-to-date information about what ishappening to their businesses, so that they can change course rapidly if necessary. Cisco, anAmerican network-equipment giant, has invested over many years in the technology needed togenerate such data .Frank Caideroni, the firm's CFO, says that every day its senior executivescan track exactly what orders are coming in from sales teams around the world, and identifyemerging trends in each region and market segment. And at the end of each month, the firmcan get reliable financial results within four hours of closing its books. Most firms have to waitdays or even weeks for such certainty.Admittedly, Cisco's financial results have not made happy reading recently because, incommon with many other large technology companies, it has seen demand for its productsdecline in the downturn. In early February it announced that its fiscal second-quarterrevenues of $ 9.1 billion were 7.5% lower than the same period in 2008 and that its profit hadfallen by 27%, to $1.5 billion.In response to hard times, Cisco plans to cut $1 billion of costs this year by, among otherthings, making use of its own video-conferencing and other communications technologiestoreduce the amount its executives travel. It is also using these facilities to relay information fromemployees on the ground to its senior managers, and to get instructions from Cisco's leadersback out to its 67,000 staff. A rapid exchange of information and instructions is especiallyvaluable if the company wants to alter course in stormy times.If everybody in a company can rapidly grasp what they have to do and how it is changing,they are more likely to get the job done. But some firms are reluctant to share their goals withthe wider world. Unilever, a big Anglo-Dutch consumer-goods group, has decided againstissuing a 2009 financial forecast to investors, arguing that it is difficult to predict what is goingto happen, given the dangerous state of the world economy. "We're not just going to providenumbers for the sake of it," explains James Allison, the company's head of investor relations.Other companies that have decided not to provide annual earnings estimates for 2009include Costco, a big American retailer, and Union Pacific, an American railway company.Some firms, such as Intel, seem to have chosen to take things quarter by quarter. Thegiant chipmaker(芯片制造商) said in January that it would not issue an official forecast for thefirst quarter of 2009 after its fourth-quarter 2008 profit decreased by 90%. Several retailchains have also stopped providing monthly sales estimates because they cannot see what thefuture holds. Retailers, chipmakers and firms in many other industries may have a long waitbefore the economic fog finally lifts.61. What can we learn about Cisco from the passage?A) It will keep a record of the orders from sales teams.B) It cuts $1 billion cost by solely relying on its own technologies.C) Unlike other technology companies, its financial reports are encouraging.D) Only employees can use the video-conferencing to pass information.62. According to the author, the staff can perform better by__________.A) getting instructions from their senior managersB) seizing what to do at hand and what to do nextC) having a financial forecast as a goalD) sharing their goals with others63. What is important in the unstable time ff a company wants to change strategies?A) To issue company's financial reports faster.B) To obtain the up-to-date information of company's business.C) To predict what is going to happen in the future.D) To wait until the economic fog finally lifts.64. The reason Unilever plans not to issue financial forecast in 2009 lies in__________.A) its reluctance to share its goal with othersB) its rapid grasp of changes in the marketsC) the unstable economic situationD) its reduction in the cost of prediction65. What can we know about the giant chipmaker, Intel in the passage?A) It did not issue first-quarter forecast for great decrease in January.B) Inters chain store used to report sales estimates by year.C) Only retailers and chipmakers are greatly influenced.D) Intel's profit was greatly decreased in 2008's last quarter.参考答案：61.A)。
2017年12月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总
2017年12月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总【完整版】2017年12月CET6全国大学英语六级考试阅读理解共分为三部分，包括选词填空（第26-35题），长篇阅读/匹配阅读（第36-45题）和仔细阅读（第46-55题），以下是完整真题及参考答案。
Part III Reading Comprehension阅读理解(40 minutes)（题号：26-55）Section A 选词填空（题号26-35）Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage though carefully before making your choice. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage. Now, Africa’s largest economy is facing a food crisis as major tomato fields have been destroyed by an insect, leading to a nationwide shortage and escalating prices.The insect, Tutaabsoluta, has destroyed 80% of farms in Kaduna, Nigeria’s largest tomato-producing state, leading the government there to declare a state of __26__.The insect, also known as the tomato leaf miner, devastates crops by __27__ on fruits and digging into and moving through stalks. It 28 incredibly quickly, breeding up to 12 generations per year if conditions are favorable. It is believed to have 29 in South America in the early 1900s, and later spread to Europe before crossing over to sub-Saharan America.In Nigeria, where tomatoes are a staple of local diets, the insect’s effects are devastating. Retail prices for a 30 of tomatoes at local markets have risen from $0.50 to $2.50. Farmers are reporting steep losses and a new $20 million tomato-paste factory has 31 production due to the shortages.Given the moth’s ability also to attack crops like pepper and potatoes, Audu Ogbeh, Nigeria’s minister of agriculture, has warned that the pest may “create serious problems for food 32 “in the country. Ogbeh says experts are investigating how to control the pest’s damage and prevent its spread, which has gone largely 33 until now.Despite being the continent’s second-largest producer of tomatoes, Nigeria is 34 on $1 billion worth of tomato-paste imports every year, as around 75% of the local harvest goes to waste thanks to a lack of proper storage facilities. A further 35 in local supplies is yet another unwelcome setback to the industry.答案及解析26. C) emergency27. D) feeding28. K) reproduces29. I) originated30. G) handful31. F) halted32. L) security33. N) unchecked34. A) dependent35. J) reduction【解析】26. 根据介词后面需要搭配名词或动名词的原则，可知此空格处应填入名词结构，再根据前文语境中的destroy等词汇锁定答案为emergency，这里的a state of emergency，意为紧急状态。
【9A文】2017年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案解析汇总
英语六级阅读解析第一套SectionAInthepast12months,NigeriahassufferedfromashrinkingeconomR,aslidingcurrencR,andaprolongedfuelshortage .Now,Africa’slargestinfacingafoodcrisisasmajortomatofieldshavebeendestroRedbRaninsect,leadingtoanationwideshortageandescalatingprices.Theinsect,Tutaabsoluta,hasdestroRed80%offarmsinKaduna,Nigeria’slargesttomatoproducingstate,leadingthe governmenttheretodeclareastateof26.Theinsect,alsoknownasthetomatoleafminer,devastatescropsbR27onfruits anddiggingintoandmovingthroughstalks.It28incrediblRquicklR,breedingupto12generationsperRearifconditio nsarefavorable.Itisbelievedtohave29inSouthAmericaintheearlR1900s,andlaterspreadtoEuropebeforecrossingo vertosub-SaharanAfrica.InNigeria,wheretomatoesareastapleoflocaldiets,theinsect'seffectsaredevastating.Retailpricesfora30oftomatoes atlocalmarketshaverisenfrom$0.50to$2.50.Farmersarereportingsteeplossesandanew$20milliontomato-pastefactorRhas31productionduetotheshortages.Giventhemoth’sabilitRalsotoattackcropslikepepperandpotatoes,AuduOgbeh,Nigeria’sministerofagriculture,h aswarnedthatthepestmaR“createseriousproblemsforfood32"inthecountrR.OgbehsaRseRpertsareinvestigatingh owtocontrolthepest’sdamageandpreventitsspread,whichhasgonelargelR33untilnow. Despitebeingthecontinent'ssecond-largestproduceroftomatoes,Nigeriais34on$1billionworthoftomato-pasteimportseverRRear.asaround75%ofthelocalharvestgoestowastethankstoalackofproperstoragefacilities.Af urther35inlocalsuppliesisRetanotherunwelcomesetbacktotheindustrR.试题解析：英语六级考试阅读第一项是15选10，15选10的题目做题的第一步是将题目中的15个单词进行词性分类，我们按照5类来分，名词，动词，形容词，副词，和分词，因为分词做的成分有很多种，所以我们必须将其单独分成一类，而且分类的内容里面会出现交叉分类，什么意思呢，就是我们俗称叫做一词多性和一词多意，因为有的单词可能有多种词性和词义，我们也最好分门别类的标记一下。
英语四六级阅读训练试卷及详解_(A-17)
Professionpps seek cpreer experience oupside of pheir home counpries for p vpriepy of repsons. phey mpy feep phe need po rechprpe pheir bppperies wiph p new chpppenpe. phey mpy wpnp p posipion wiph more responsibipipy phpp encourppes creppivipy pnd inipippive. Or phey mpy wish po expose pheir chipdren po pnopher cuppure, pnd phe opporpunipy po peprn p second ppnpuppe.Q: phe puphor bepieves phpp pn individupp who ppppies po work overseps _______.p. is usupppy creppive pnd fupp of inipipipveB. pims po improve his foreipn ppnpuppe skippsC. seeks eipher his own or his chipdren’s devepopmenpD. is dissppisfied wiph his own pife pp home答案选C文中讲到了人们选择到国外工作的原因。
一方面是求职者自身发展的需要：自我充电，用承担更多责任的职务来激发自己的创造力和独创性;另一方面是为孩子做打算：接受里另一种文化，获得学习第二种语言的机会。
练习:……ps diners shirsp for pepdinp brpnds, bopppers pnd resppurppeurs sppivppe over phe profips. p resppurpnp’s pypicpp mprk-up on wine is 100 po 150 percenp, whereps on boppped wpper ip’s ofpen 300 po 500 percenp. Bup since wpper is much chepper phpn wine, pnd mpny of phe fpncier brpnds pren’p pvpippbpe in spores, mosp dinner don’p nopice or cpre……Q: phe “fpncier brpnds” refers po____p ppp wpper from phe phpmes River.B fpmous wines nop sopd in ordinpry spores.C PepsiCo’s pqupfinp pnd Cocp-Copp’s DpspniD expensive boppped wpper wiph impressive npmes选D。
2017年12月大学英语六级真题及答案解析(全三套)
2017年12月大学英语六级真题及答案解析（全三套）六级听力第一套：Section AConversation 1M: And now, for the lighter side of the news, Europe is setting an example for the rest of the world when it comes to food waste.W: That’s right John. This week the Italian government pass legislation that aims to dramatically reduce the amount of food wasted in the country. New laws have been put into place that would make it easier for farms and supermarkets to donate unsold foods to those who are in need.M: Yes. And in addition to this, businesses would now be rewarded for successful efforts to cut food waste.W: Italy is not the only country to focus on reducing food waste. Just earlier this year, the European Parliament voted in favor of legislation that would stop grocery giants from unfair trading practices that result in overproduction, thus creating waste.M: In France, the government has banned supermarkets from throwing away edible foods and imposed harsh penalties on businesses that fail to comply with the regulations.W: While there is still much progress to be made, other countries could learn a thing or two from the example set by France and Italy. In the United States, up to forty percent of all food goes uneaten. Despite the fact that one in seven American households lacks regular access to good food, one major cause of this problem is the confusion over food expiration labels, which are currently not regulated by the government.M: All this could change soon. This wave of new laws in Europe will definitely put more pressure on law makers to reduce food waste here. We turn now to a spokesperson fromHarvard University’s Food Law and Policy Clinic for more on the story. And now, let’s welcome Prof. Edward Becker to speak to us.Q1: What does the woman say about the new laws in Italy?Q2: What did the European Parliament do reduce food waste?Q3: What has the French government done recently?Q4: What is the major cause of food waste in the United States?Q1. C) They facilitate the donation of unsold foods to the needy.Q2. B) It passed a law aiming to stop overproduction.Q3. D) It has banned supermarkets from dumping edible foods.Q4. A) The confusion over food expiration labels.Conversation 2M: Thank you for calling Saks Fifth Avenue department store. How can I be of assistance to you today?W: Hello. I was in your store this past weekend and bought a few items. Yesterday, my friend told me that the annual anniversary sales had begun. It turned out she bought the same sweater as I did but for a much lower price.M: Yes. Our anniversary sale started on Monday. We do offer price adjustments within seven days of purchase to ensure our customer satisfaction. You said you did the purchase here this past weekend?W: Yes. I was shopping in your store last Sunday afternoon.M: That would definitely fall within the price adjustment window. Do you have an account with us? We can credit your account directly with the difference if you wish. Otherwise we can send a gift card by mail if you prefer.W: Crediting my account would be wonderful. Thank you. Now that you mention there's a sale going on, I do remember a dress I quite like when I was in the shop on Sunday. Is it on offer as well?M: Yes, ma'am. All the new arrivals are 15-20% off. In addition to the sale, we're running a promotion for complimentary tailoring if you need it.W: That's a good news. The dress really caught my eye but I did have some concerns about the length. How long will the alterations take?M: Our tailoring department guarantees alterations to be completed within five working days. If you like I can set one aside for you. If you're able to come this afternoon, you can give your name to the sale manager and they will be able to assist you.Q5. What do we learn about Saks department store?Q6. What does the man say Saks department store offers?Q7. What does the woman want the store to do to address the price difference?Q8. What is the service Saks department store offers in addition to the promotional sale?Q5. B) It has just launched its annual anniversary sales.Q6. D) Price adjustments within seven days of purchase.Q7. C) Credit it to her account.Q8. D) Complimentary tailoring.Section BPassage 1Barbie dolls have a particular look to them. They’re thin, tall, long-legged and virtually unlike any real human being. Although over the years Barbie has had more than 180 different careers-including football coach, sign language teacher, ambassador, president and astronaut–her body shape hasn’t changed much.Last year Mattel, the company that makes Barbie dolls, added some Barbies to its line that have different skin tones and hair textures. There are now Barbies with one of seven skin tones, 22 eye colours and 24 hair styles to choose from. Last year Mattel also gave Barbie a flat foot, rather than forcing her to be “in heels” all the time like the original Barbie is.Now they are introducing new Barbies with three slightly different body shapes while the original, tall and thin Barbies will continue to be sold.In a statement on its website, the company says it wants Barbies to look more like real people, and to give girls everywhere infinitely more ways to spark their imagination and play out their stories.Although many people say the new Barbies are a step in the right direction, some people say they don’t go far enough. They say that the new body shapes could be even more different from the original, tall, thin Barbies.Sales of Barbie dolls have been falling “every year since 2012,” according to CBC News.The toys aren’t in stores yet but they will be sold online at the Barbie website, starting this week, for $9.99.Q9. What do we know about the original Barbie dolls?Q10. Why do some people feel unsatisfied with the new Barbie dolls?Q11. Where will the new Barbie dolls be sold first?Q9. A. They are thin, tall, and unlike real human beings.Q10. D. Their body shapes have not changed much.Q11. C. On the Internet.Passage 2The earliest printed book we know today appeared in China in the year 868, and metal type was in use in Korea at the beginning of the fifteenth century, but it was in Germany around the year 1450 that a printing press using movable metal type was invented.Capitalism turned printing from an invention into an industry. Right from the start, book printing and publishing were organized on capitalist lines. 'The biggest sixteenth- century printer, Plantin of Antwerp, had twenty-four printing presses and employed more than a hundred workers. Only a small fraction of the population was literate, but the production of books grew at an extraordinary speed. By 1500 some twenty million volumes had already been printed.The immediate effect of printing was to increase the circulation of works that were already popular in the handwritten form, while less popular works went out of circulation. Publishers were interested only in books that would sell fairly quickly in sufficient numbers to cover the costs of production and make a profit. Thus, while printing enormously increased access to books by making cheap, high-volume production possible, it also reduced choice.The great cultural impact of printing was that it facilitated the growth of national languages. Most early books were printed in Latin, but the market for Latin was limited, and in its pursuit of larger markets the book trade soon produced translations into the national languages emerging at the time. Printing indeed played a key role in standardizing and stabilizing these languages by fixing them in print, and producing dictionaries and grammar books.Q12. What happened in Germany around the year of 1450?Q13. What does the speaker say about the printer, Plantin of Antwerp?Q14. What was the immediate effect of printing?Q15. What was the great cultural impact of printing?Q12. A) Movable metal type began to be used in printing.Q13. B) It was the biggest printer in the 16th century.Q14. B) It boosted the circulation of popular works.Q15. D) It promoted the growth of national languages.Section CRecording OneYou dream about being a movie star. You live in a big house in Hollywood, go to the Oscars every year, and win. You will be rich and famous. Wait a minute. You also hate having your photos taken and you are very shy. So how could you ever become a movie star? Choosing a right career can be hard. Many people graduate from school or college not knowing what they want to do with their lives and get a job without really thinking about it. For some, things work out fine. But others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate. Your work ing life lasts in average 40 years, so it’s important to find a job you like and feel enthusiastic about.Luckily, there are many ways you can get help to do this. The Australian website WWW. Careers online. com, compares choosing a career with going to the movies. Before you see a movie, you find out what films are showing. The site suggests you should do the same with your career. Find out what jobs are available and what your options are. Next, decide which movie you like best. If you are not a romanti c person, you won’t want to see a love story. In other words, with your career, you should decide which job will suit your personality. Finally, decide how to get movie tickets and find out where the theater is before you go. With your career, you need to find information about where you can work and how to get a job in that profession.So, how do you start? Begin by asking yourself some questions, certain life experiences. Have you travelled overseas? Do you have any extra certificates at your degree? Such as the first aid license, for example. Your physical state and build can also affect which jobs you can do. A person, for example, who is allergic to cats will probably never become ananimal doctor. Flight attendants, firefighters and police officers have to be over a certain height and be physically fit. Your personality matters too. Are you outgoing or shy? If you like working alone, a job that requires lots of team work might not suit you.Choosing a career can take time and a lot of thought. However, when you know you can look forward to working in your dream job, you will be glad you thought it through.16. What does the speaker say about many college graduates?17. What does the Australia website suggest you do first to find a suitable job?18. What should you think about when you look for the right job according to the Australian website?16.D) They choose a job without thinking it through.17.B) Find out what job choices are available.18.A) The qualifications you have.Recording 2Kwanzaa is a cultural festival, during which African-American celebrate and reflect upon their rich heritage as the products of the two worlds. It begins December 26th and last for seven days. Kwanzaa was founded in 1966 by Dr. Karenga, a college professor and African-American leader, who believed that a special holiday could help African Americans meet their goals of building strong families, learning about their history and creating a sense of unity. After conducting extensive research in which he studied the festivals of many African groups of people, he decided that the new holiday should be a harvest or first fruit’s celebration. In cooperating ideas from many different harvest traditions. Kwanzaa is a … word meaning the first fruits of the harvest. The eas t African language of … was chosen as an official language of Kwanzaa. Because it is a non-tribal language spoken by a large portion of the African population. Also its pronunciation is easy. Kwanzaa is based on seven principles which are unity, self-determination, collective work and responsibility, cooperative economics, purpose, creativity and faith. One principal is highlighted each day of the holiday. In preparation for the celebration, a astroy matters placed on the table. Along with the candle holder was seven candles. One black, three red and three green. The black candle represents the African-American people. The red is for their struggles, and the green represents their hopes for their future. Other itemsplaced on our table are a variety of fruit is of comes gifts and communal unity cup for pouring and sharing drinks. Each day of Kwanzaa usually before the evening meal，family and friends gather around the table and someone lights the candle beginning with the black. After that，candles are lit alternatively from left to right. While the candles is being lit, a principal is recited then each person present takes turn to speak about the importance that the principle has to himself or herself. Next, the ceremony focuses on remembering those who've died. A selected person pours water or juice from the unity cup into a bowl. That person then drinks from the cup and raises it high saying “her thanmbi”，which means that let’s all pour together. All repeat “her thanmbi” seven times and each person drinks from the cup . Then they and names of African American leaders and heroes a cold out to and everyone reflects upon the great things these people did. The ceremony is followed by a meal, and then singing and perhaps listening to African music19.What does the speaker say about Kwanzaa?20. For what purpose did Doctor Karenga create the special holiday?21. What does the word Kwanzaa mean?22. What do people do while each candle is being let at the Kwanzaa celebration?19. B)It is a cultural festival founded for African-Americans.20. C)To help African-Americans to realize their goals.21. B)The fruits of the harvest.22. A)They recite a principle.Recording 3The Mediterranean diet is based upon the eating patterns of traditional cultures in the Mediterranean region. Several noted nutritionists in research projects have concluded that this diet is one of the most healthful in the world in terms of preventing such illnesses as heart disease and cancer and increasing life expectancy. The countries that have inspired Mediterranean diet all surround the Mediterranean Sea. These cultures have eating habits that developed over thousands of years. In Europe, parts of Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain and southern France adhere to principles of the Mediterranean diet as to the morocco, Indonesia, and North Africa. Parts of the Balkan region and turkey follow the diet as well as middle eastern countries like Lebanon and Syria, the Mediterranean region is warm and sunny and produces large supplies of fresh fruits and vegetables almost a year round that the people eat many times a day. Wine, bread, all of oil and nuts are other staples ofthe region. In the Mediterranean sea has historically yielded abundant quantities of fish. International interest in therapeutic qualities of Mediterranean diet began back in the late nineteen fifties. When medical researchers started to link the currency of heart disease with diet, Doctor Ansol Keths performed the epidemiological analysis of diets around the world. In titled of the seven countries study, it is considered one of the greatest studies of its kind ever performed. In it, Keths gathered data on heart disease in its potential causes from nearly thirty thousand men in Greece, Italy, Croatia, Serbia, Japan, Finland, the Netherlands and the United States. The study was conducted over period of decades. It concluded that the Mediterranean people in the study enjoyed some significant health advantages. The Mediterranean groups have lower mortality rates in all age brackets in form of all causes particularly from heart disease. The study also showed that the Mediterranean diet is as high as or higher in fat than other diets, obtaining up to forty percent of all its calories from fat. It has however, different patterns of fat intake. Mediterranean cooking, in its smaller amounts of saturated fat and higher amount of unsaturated fat, mostly in form of all of oil. Saturated fats are fats are found principally in meat and dairy products, although some nuts in vegetable oils also contain them. Saturated fats are used by the body to make cholesterol in high levels of cholesterol has since been directly related to heart disease.23. What has research concluded about the Mediterranean diet?24. What do we learn about the seven countries study?25. What do we learn about the Mediterranean people from the seven countries study?23. D) It is one of the world’s most healthy diets.24. A) It is regarded as one of the greatest researches of its kind.25. B) They have lower mortality rates.六级听力第二套：1.A) Say a few words to thank the speaker.2.D) He joined the local history societ when young.3.B) She had a good knowledge of the town's history.4.C) He made an embarrassing remark.5. B) What their rivals are doing.6. D) Their potentials has been underestimated.7. C) She had not seen it yet.8. D) Exporting their motorbikes to Indonesia.9. B) It makes claims in conflict with the exising research.10. C) They run a higher risk of gaining weight.11. D) Go to bed earlier.12. A) All the acting nominees are white.13. D) Only 3.4 percent of film directors are female.14. C) Females color over 40.15. B) They are most underrepresented across TV and film.16. C) One that covers their debts and burial expenses.17. D) Add more insurance on the breadwinner.18. A) When their children grow up and leave home.19.D）They may not always be negative.20.A) Biased sources of information.21.B) They may have a negative impact on people they apply to.22.C) A positive stereotype may help one achieve better results.23. B) Quit taking the medicine immediately.24. D) It may increase the effect of certain drugs.25. A)Tell their children to treat medicine with respect.六级阅读第一套选词填空帕劳群岛的捕鱼业The Pacific island nation of Palau has become home to the sixth largest marine sanctuary in the world.26. I) permit27. O) territory28. F) exclusive29. C) commercial30. D) communities31. E) essential32. G) independent33. M) sponsor34. J) secure35. N) stocks匹配题Who's really addicting you to technology?36. [E] Online services are so designed that the more they are used, the more profit they generate.37. [L] The author admits using technology as an escape from the task at hand.38. [I] Checking phones at dinners is now accepted as normal but not belching.39. [O] To make proper use of technology, we should not only increase our awareness of how it is changing but also how it is impacting us.40. [B] Most of us find it hard to focus on our immediate tasks because of Internet distractions.41. [J] When one person starts checking their phone, the others will follow suit.42. [F] The great majority of smartphone users don’t take the trouble to adjust thei r settings to suit their own purposes.43. [D]The Internet is regarded by some as designed to distract our attention.44. [L] The author attributes his tech addiction chiefly to his habit of putting off doing what he should do right away.45. [G] White-collar workers check email round the clock because it is required by their employers.仔细阅读Passage One46. A) He used a strangely potent ingredient in a food supplement.47. C) Many were shipped to Europe in the late 19th century for medicinal use.48. A) Cocaine had become notorious.49. D) It has remained virtually unchanged since its creation.50. A) The evolution of Coca-cola.Passage Two51. C) There was a clear divide between large and small cities.52. D) They have changed America's landscape.53. D) looked deserted in the evenings54. C) Modernized housing and improved infrastructure.55. D) Better job opportunities.六级阅读第二套选词填空第二套：尼日利亚西红柿减产In the past 12 months, Nigeria has suffered from a shrinking economy, a sliding currency, and a prolonged fuel shortage.26. C) emergency27. D) feeding28. K) reproduces29. I) originated30. G) handful31. F) halted32. L) security33. N) unchecked34. A) dependent35. J) reduction匹配题It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and experimental methods publicly available and transparent.[M] 36. Astronomer David Hogg doesn’t think scooping is as serious a problem as generally thought.[G] 37. Some researchers are hesitant to make their data public for fear that others might publish something similar before them.[D] 38. Some psychology journals have offered incentives to encourage authors to share their data.[A] 39. There is a growing demand in the science community that research data be open to the public.[P] 40. Sharing data offers early-career researchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation.[L] 41. Data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work, thus leading to more citations.[B] 42. Scientists hold different opinions about the extent and timing of data sharing.[O] 43. Potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to and discussed by all participants at the beginning of a joint research project.[I] 44. Sharing data and handling data-related issues can be time-consuming.[F] 45. Junior researchers may have no say when it comes to sharing data.仔细阅读Passage One46. A) Whether robots can reach better decisions47. D) They did not take moral issues into consideration.48. C) They perform duties in their owners' best interest.49. A) Abstract concepts are hard to program.50. C) Robots can have trouble making decisions in complex scenarios. Passage Two51. D) The rapid technological progress in a very short period of time.52. B) The popularization of smart homes.53. B) Gain automatic control of their businesses.54. A) How to turn it to profitable use.55. A) It is feasible with a connection to the internet.六级阅读第三套选词填空26. O) sparking27. L) powered28. H) implemented29. D) eliminate30. G) hopeful31. A) acceptance32. J) installed33. B) currently34. K) noticeable35. F) futile匹配题36. E37. B38. I39. C40. D41. J42. F43. A44. L45. G仔细阅读Passage 146. A) It is simply uninhabitable for most animals.47. C) stay away from predators.48. B) they can survive well in salty water49. A) They can take refuges in the less salty waters.50. D) The disruption of Lake Natron’s ecosystem.Passage 2 城市规划用地51. A) They were divided into residential and business areas.52. B) They have seen a rise in property prices.53. D) look deserted in the evenings54. C) More comfortable life and greater upward mobility55. B) More chances for promotion翻译：青海湖青海湖位于海拔3205米、青海省省会西宁以西约100公里处。
2017年大学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案
2017年⼤学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案 明确的⽬标是前进的动⼒。
只有确定了⽬标，才能朝着这个⽅向努⼒，下⾯是店铺为⼤家搜索整理的2017年6⽉⼤学英语六级考试真题试卷及答案，希望⼤家能有所收获，更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业⽣考试⽹! Part I Writing. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it is unwise to judge a person by their appearance. You can give examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Section A 2、Questions2-11 are based on the following passage. Fear can be an effective way to change behavior. One study compared the effects of high, fear and low-fear appeals on changes in attitudes and behaviors related to the dental hygiene(卫⽣).One group of subjects was shown awful pictures of(36)_____teeth and diseased gums;another group was shown less frightening materials such as plastic teeth，charts，and graphs.Subjects who saw the frightening materials reported more anxiety and a greater (37)_____to change the way they took care of their teeth than the low-fear group did. But were these reactions actually(38)_____into better dental hygiene practices? To answer this important question，subjects were called back to the laboratory on two(39)_____(five days and six weeks after the experiment..They chewed disclosing wafers(⽛疾诊断⽚)that give a red stain to any uncleaned areas of the teeth and thus provided a direct(40)_____of how well they were really taking care of their teeth.The result showed that the high.fear appeal did actually result in greater andmore(41)_____changes in dental hygiene.That is，the subjects(42)_____to high-fear warnings brushed their teeth more(43)_____than did those who saw low-fear warnings. However, to be all effective persuasive device it is very important that the message not be too frightening and that people begiven(44)_____guidelines to help them to reduce the cause of the fear.If this isn’t done，they may reduce their anxiety by denying the message or the (45)_____of the communicator.If that happens，it is unlikely that either attitude or behavior change will occur. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2017年大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及答案解析9
2017年大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷及答案解析试卷一Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation, we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) She knows where Martha has gone.B) Martha will go to the concert by herself.C) It is quite possible for the man to find Martha.D) The man is going to meet Martha at the concert.2. A) The air pollution is caused by the development of industry.B) The city was poor because there wasn’t much industry then.C) The woman’s exaggerating the seriousness of the pollution.D) He might move to another city very soon.3. A) The man should work harder to improve his grades.B) The man will benefit from the effort he’s put in.C) It serves the man right to get a poor grade.D) It was unfair of the teacher to give the man a C.4. A) She can make a reservation at the restaurant.B) The man should decide where to eat.C) She already has plans for Saturday night.D) The man should ask his brother for suggestions.5. A) The man deserved the award.B) The woman helped the man succeed.C) The man is thankful to the woman for her assistance.D) The woman worked hard and was given an award.6. A) V oluntary work can help the man establish connections with the community.B) The man’s voluntary work has left him little room in his schedule.C) V oluntary work with the environment council requires a time commitment.D) A lot of people have signed up for voluntary work with the environment council.7. A) The patient must receive treatment regularly.B) The patient can’t leave the hospital until the bleeding stops.C) The patient’s husband can attend to the business in her place.D) The patient must take a good rest and forget about her business.8. A) Alice does not know much about electronics.B) Alice is unlikely to find a job anywhere.C) Alice is not interested in anything but electronics.D) Alice is likely to find a job in an electronics company.9. A) Jimmy is going to set out tonight.B) Jimmy has not decided on his journey.C) There is no need to have a farewell dinner.D) They may have a dinner when Jimmy’s back.10. A) The woman had been planning for the conference.B) The woman called the man but the line was busy.C) The woman didn’t come back until midnight.D) The woman had guests all evening.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They are delighted because they can enjoy the scenery while driving.B) They are frightened because traffic accidents are frequent.C) They are irritated because the bridge is jammed with cars.D) They are pleased because it saves them much time.12. A) They don’t have their own cars to drive to work.B) Many of them are romantic by temperament.C) Most of them enjoy the drinks on the boat.D) They tend to be more friendly to each other.13. A) Many welcome the idea of having more bars on board.B) Many prefer the ferry to maintain its present speed.C) Some suggest improving the design of the deck.D) Some object to using larger luxury boats.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Coca Cola.B) Sausage.C) Milk.D) Fried chicken.15. A) He has had thirteen decayed teeth.B) He doesn’t have a single decayed tooth.C) He has fewer decayed teeth than other people of his age.D) He never had a single tooth pulled out before he was fifty.16. A) Brush your teeth right before you go to bed in the evening.B) Have as few of your teeth pulled out as possible.C) Have your teeth X-rayed at regular intervals.D) Clean your teeth shortly after eating.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) A visit to a prison.B) The influence of his father.C) A talk with some miserable slaves.D) His experience in the war between France and Austria.18. A) He sent surgeons to serve in the army.B) He provided soldiers with medical supplies.C) He recruited volunteers to care for the wounded.D) He helped to free the prisoners of war.19. A) All men are created equal.B) The wounded and dying should be treated for free.C) A wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any medical treatment.D) A suffering person is entitled to help regardless of race, religion or politicalbeliefs.20. A) To honor Swiss heroes who died in the war.B) To show Switzerland was neutral.C) To pay tribute to Switzerland.D) To show gratitude to the Swiss government for its financial support.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.For years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking multivitaminsdoes is give them extensive urine (尿). After all, true vitamin deficiencies are practically unheard of in industrialized countries. Now it seems those doctors may have been wrong. The results of a growing number of studies suggest that even a modest vitamin shortfall can be harmful to your health. Although proof of the benefits of multivitamins is still far from certain, the few dollars you spend on them is probably a good investment.Or at least that’s the argument put forward in the New England Journal of Medicine. Ideally, say Dr. Walter Willett and Dr. Meir Stampfer of Harvard, all vitamin supplements would be evaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical trials.But those studies can take a long time and often raise more questions than they answer. At some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost.The best evidence to date concerns folate, one of the B vitamins. It’s been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos (胚胎), and a recent trial found that folate in combination with vitamin B 12 and a form of B6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair.The news on vitamin E has been more mixed. Healthy folks who take 400 international units daily for at least two years appear somewhat less likely to develop heart disease. But when doctors give vitamin E to patients who already have he art disease, the vitamin doesn’t seem to help. It may turn out that vitamin E plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage.Despite vitamin C’s great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still has not been positively linked to any great benefit. The body quickly becomes saturated with C and simply excretes (排泄) any excess.The multivitamins question boils down to this: Do you need to wait until all the evidence is in before you take them, or are you willing to accept that there’s enough evidence that they don’t hurt and could help?If the latter, there’s no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse pills or the most expensive bottles. Large doses can cause trouble, including excessive bleeding and nervous system problems.Multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course.As long as you understand that any potential benefit is modest and subject to further refinement, taking a daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense.21. At one time doctors discouraged taking multivitamins because they believed thatmultivitamins ________.A) could not easily be absorbed by the human bodyB) were potentially harmful to people’s healthC) were too expensive for daily consumptionD) could not provide any cure for vitamin deficiencies22. According to the author, clinical trials of vitamin supplements ________.A) often result in misleading conclusionsB) take time and will not produce conclusive resultsC) should be conducted by scientists on a larger scaleD) appear to be a sheer waste of time and resources23. It has been found that vitamin E ________.A) should be taken by patients regularly and persistentlyB) can effectively reduce the recurrence of heart diseaseC) has a preventive but not curative effect on heart diseaseD) should be given to patients with heart disease as early as possible24. It can be seen that large doses of multivitamins ________.A) may bring about serious side effectsB) may help prevent excessive bleedingC) are likely to induce the blockage of arteriesD) are advisable for those with vitamin deficiencies25. The author concludes the passage with the advice that ________.A) the benefit of daily multivitamin intake outweighs that of exercise and a balanceddietB) it’s risky to take multivitamins without knowing their specific functionC) the potential benefit of multivitamins can never be overestimatedD) it’s reasonable to take a rational dose of multivitamins dailyPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge (剧增) of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse (反面) of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriages. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises.Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that aworking wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce.On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.26. The word “portend” (Line 2, Para. 1) is closest in meaning to “________”.A) defyB) signalC) suffer fromD) result from27. It is said in the passage that when the economy slides, ________.A) men would choose working women as their marriage partnersB) more women would get married to seek financial securityC) even working women would worry about their marriagesD) more people would prefer to remain single for the time being28. If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, ________.A) they are more likely to dominate their marriage partnersB) their husbands are expected to do more houseworkC) their marriage ties can be strengthenedD) they tend to put their career before marriage29. One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that ________.A) they feel that they have been robbed of their freedomB) they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbandsC) they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectationsD) they tend to suspect their husbands’ loyalty to their marriage30. Which of the following statements can best summarize the author’s view in thepassage?A) The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situationof the country.B) Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for realequality in marriage.C) In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home andremain independent.D) The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case tocase.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.For most thinkers since the Greek philosophers, it was self-evident that the re is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man. There were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such an essence exists—that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. Thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal.More recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. One reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. An examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called “human nature.” The historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the United States, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology (人类学). The study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. Another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. In the name of human nature, for example, Aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. Or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate(天生的) human traits. Popularly, one refers cynically to “human nature” in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying.Another reason for skepticism about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking. Once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. Yet I believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expectnew insight into the problem of the nature of man.31. The traditional view of “human nature” was strongly challenged by ________.A) the emergence of the evolutionary theoryB) the historical approach to manC) new insight into human behaviorD) the philosophical analysis of slavery32. According to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings ________.A) have some traits in commonB) are born with diverse culturesC) are born without a fixed natureD) change their characters as they grow up33. The author mentioned Aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to ________.A) emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of “human nature”B) show that the concept of “human nature” was used to justify social evilsC) pro ve that he had a profound influence on the concept of “human nature”D) support the idea that some human traits are acquired34. The word “untenable” (Line 3) in the last paragraph of the passage most probablymeans ________.A) invaluableB) imaginableC) changeableD) indefensible35. Most philosophers believed that human nature ________.A) is the quality distinguishing man from other animalsB) consists of competitiveness and selfishnessC) is something partly innate and partly acquiredD) consists of rationality and undesirable behaviorPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where comp uters create a “virtual” or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical practitioners (从业者).“With virtual reality we’ll be able to put a surgeon in every trench,” said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers.The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the U.S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier.Although Satava’s vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides feedback to the surgeon on force, textures, and sound.These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the tumor (肿瘤). Zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patient’s brain taken before surgery.During these procedures—operations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered—surgeons are wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can.Satava says, “We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine.”36. According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality to medicine________.A) will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefieldB) can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefieldC) will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefieldD) can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefield37. Richard Satava has visions of ________.A) using a remote-control technique to treat wounded soldiers fighting overseasB) wounded soldiers being saved by doctors wearing virtual reality helmets on thebattlefieldC) wounded soldiers being operated on by specially trained surgeonsD) setting up mobile surgical units overseas38. How is virtual reality surgery performed?A) It is performed by a computer-designed high precision device.B) Surgeons wear virtual reality helmets to receive feedback provided by acomputer.C) Surgeons move robotic instruments by means of a computer linked to them.D) A 3-D image records the movements of the surgeons during the operation.39. During virtual reality operations, the surgeon can have a better view of the cuts inthe body because ________.A) he is looking at the cuts on a computer screenB) the cuts can be examined from different anglesC) the cuts have been highly magnifiedD) he is wearing 3-D glasses40. Virtual reality operations are an improvement on conventional surgery in that they________.A) cause less pain to the woundedB) allow the patient to recover more quicklyC) will make human surgeons’ work less tediousD) are done by robot surgeons with greater precisionPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. He suggested that we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ________.A) probableB) sustainableC) feasibleD) eligible42. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ________ ofAmerican life.A) facetsB) formatsC) formulasD) fashions43. It is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite another to ________ and transport it to theindustrial centers.A) permeateB) extractC) distinguishD) concentrate44. Students are expected to be quiet and ________ in an Asian classroom.A) obedientB) overwhelmingC) skepticalD) subsidiary45. Our reporter has just called to say that rescue teams will ________ to bring out thetrapped miners.A) effectB) affectC) conceiveD) endeavour46. The Spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to________ themselves on the German team for last year’s defeat.A) remedyB) reproachC) reviveD) revenge47. Creating so much confusion, Mason realized he had better make ________ what hewas trying to tell the audience.A) exclusiveB) explicitC) objectiveD) obscure48. One of the examination questions ________ me completely and I couldn’t answer it..A) baffledB) mingledC) provokedD) diverted49. The vision of that big black car hitting the sidewalk a few feet from us will never be________ from my memory.A) ejectedB) escapedC) erasedD) omitted50. At present, it is not possible to confirm or to refute the suggestion that there is acausal relationship between the amount of fat we eat and the ________ of heart attacks.A) incidenceB) impetusC) ruptureD) emergence51. There are many who believe that the use of force ________ political ends can neverbe justified.A) in search ofB) in pursuit ofC) in view ofD) in light of52. Sometimes the bank manager himself is asked to ________ cheques if his clerks arenot sure about them.A) creditB) assureC) certifyD) access53. It is believed that the authorities are thinking of ________ new taxes to raise extrarevenue.A) impairingB) imposingC) invadingD) integrating54. When she heard the bad news, her eyes ________ with tears as she struggled tocontrol her emotions.A) sparkledB) twinkledC) radiatedD) glittered55. There are occasions when giving a gift ________ spoken communication, since themessage it offers can cut through barriers of language and cultural diversity.A) overtakesB) nourishesC) surpassesD) enforces56. In order to keep the line moving, customers with lengthy ________ are required todo their banking inside.A) transitB) transactionsC) turnoverD) tempos57. President Wilson attempted to ________ between the powers to end the war, butneither side was prepared to give in.A) segregateB) whirlC) compromiseD) mediate58. The police have installed cameras at dangerous road ________ to film those whodrive through red traffic lights.A) trenchesB) utilitiesC) pavementsD) junctions59. It is reported that thirty people were killed in a ________ on the railway yesterday.A) collisionB) collaborationC) corrosionD) confrontation60. Since a circle has no beginning or end, the wedding ring is accepted as a symbol of________ love.A) successiveB) consecutiveC) eternalD) insistent61. Executives of the company enjoyed an ________ lifestyle of free gifts, fine winesand high salaries.A) exquisiteB) extravagantC) exoticD) eccentric62. If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ________ away all the rocks.A) haulB) repelC) disposeD) snatch63. Some crops are relatively high yielders and could be planted in preference to othersto ________ the food supply.A) enhanceB) curbC) disruptD) heighten64. Astronomers at the University of California discovered one of the most distant________.A) paradoxesB) paradisesC) galaxiesD) shuttles65. Many great scientists ________ their success to hard work.A) portrayB) ascribeC) impartD) acknowledge66. The sign set up by the road ________ drivers to a sharp turn.A) alertsB) refreshesC) pleadsD) diverts67. The doctors don’t ________ that the patient will live much longer.A) monitorB) manifestC) articulateD) anticipate68. Call your doctor for advice if the ________ persist for more than a few days.A) responsesB) signalsC) symptomsD) reflections69. We find it impossible to ________ with the latest safety regulations.A) accordB) unifyC) obeyD) comply70. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will ________ in presenting the series oflectures on American literature.A) alterB) alternateC) substituteD) exchange试卷二Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word,。
2017年大学英语六级阅读理解练习题附答案
2017年大学英语六级阅读理解练习题附答案2017年大学英语六级考试就要到了，为了帮助考生备考阅读理解，接下来，店铺为你分享2017年大学英语六级阅读理解练习题，希望对你有帮助。
2017年大学英语六级阅读理解练习题(一)Beethoven And LennonLudwig Van Beethoven1 was one of the greatestmusicians in the 19 th century. John Lennon2 wasone of the greatest musicians in the 20 th century.Although there is a period of about 200 yearsbetween them, they are quite similar in certain ways.Both men expressed the spirit of their time in theirmusic. Beethoven lived in the period of risingcapitalism. At that time, people were trying to break the shackles of feudalism3 , and theywere pursuing freedom, equality, and universal love. This social trend, especially the Frenchrevolution, greatly inspired Beethoven. His music was very active, passionate, and vigorous.Some of his works praised heroism, some conveyed the love for nature, and some extolled4harmony among people. Similarly, Lennon's music revealed his time. In the 1960s and 1970 s,the youth in America were deeply frustrated by the discrimination and injustice in the societyand were longing to build a new one . Most of Lennon's songs expressed the ideas of theyouth. In one of his songs entitled Imagine, he sings, "Imagine all the people , living underpeace", and "The world will be united together as one". These words show his anti-war attitudeand his hope for peace , and reflect the spirit of the 60s and 70 s.Both men were social rebels to some extent. They refused to bow to social conventions andpower. Beethoven was a devoted republican. When Napoleon5 was in power, who claimed to beadefender of republicanism, Beethoven admired him so much that he dedicated his SymphonyNo. 3, the theme of which is heroism, to him. But then Napoleon crowned6 himself and becamean emperor. Beethoven was so angry that he openly declared he took back what he had saidabout Napoleon, regardless of possible persecution. Lennon was also considered a trouble-maker by the authorities because of his support for youth movements. For a time he was noteven allowed to give public performances. But he ignored all this and stuck to his belief. 2017年大学英语六级阅读理解练习题目及答案阅读自测Ⅰ. Fin d the correct me anings of the words in the left from the right side :1. passionate A. praise somebody or something highly2. dedicate B. discouraged, not satisfied3. frustrated C. caused by or showing strong feelings4. stick to D. not change something; keep to5. extol E. address ( one's book, a piece of music) to somebody as a way of showing respectⅡ. Fill in the blanks :1. At the time of capitalism, people were trying to break the _____________( 枷锁) offeudalism to pursue freedom _____________( 平等) and _____________( 博爱) .2. In the 60s and 70s, the youth in America were deeply frustrated by the _____________( 歧视) and_____________( 不公正) in the society and were longing to build a new one.3. They refusedto bow to social _____________( 习俗) and power and Beethoven was a _____________( 忠实的) republican.4. But then Napoleon ________( 加冕) himself and became an emperor.参考答案:Ⅰ. 1. C 2 . E 3. B 4 . D 5. AⅡ. 1. shackles / equality / universal love 2.discrimination / injustice 3. conventions / devoted4. crowned2017年大学英语六级阅读理解练习题(二)Better Known As Mark TwainThe remarkable man went to a log-cabin schooluntil he was twelve years old. That was the end ofhis formal education. In spite of this, he became themost famous literary figure of his generation .Mark Twain was born in a small Missouri village nearthe Mississippi River2 in 1835. At that time, AndrewJackson3 was the president of the country. AbrahamLincoln was still a young farm laborer in Illinois. The first railroad had been built seven yearsbefore. The Industrial Revolution was at hand. 4 The economic collapse of Americanprosperity, called the Panic of 1837, still lay ahead. This was also the literary period later calledthe“New England Renaissance ”Mark Twain was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected to live through the firstwinte r. But with his mother’s tender care , he managed to survive. He had been born in a tinytwo-room cabin. Eight people lived together there . He had four brothers and sisters. A slavegirl lived with them too.As a boy, Mark Twain caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play practical jokes on allof his friends and neighbors. The nature of his jokes often led to violence . He hated to go toschool, and he constantly ran away from home. He always went in the direction of the nearbyMississippi. He was fascinated by that mighty river. He liked to sit on the bank of the river forhours at a time and just gaze at the mysterious islands and the passing boats and rafts. Hewas nearly drowned nine different times. Helearned many things about the river during thosedays. He learned all about its history and the unusual people who rode up and down5 it. Henever forgot those scenes and those people. He later made them part of the history of Americain his books T om Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn6.2017年大学英语六级阅读理解练习题目及答案阅读自测Ⅰ. This is the summary of the passage. Try to fill in the blanks with proper words :Mark Twain was born in a small village near the __________River in 1835. He was not a healthybaby, so he was not expected to live __________ the first winter. Thanks to his mother’s__________care, he managed to survive . He has been born in a tiny two-room __________ . __________people lived together there. He had __________brothers and sisters and a girl livewith them too. When he was a boy, he used to play __________jokes on his friends andneighbors. He hated to go to school but was __________ by the mighty river. He learned allabout its history and __________the unusual people who rode __________ and __________it. Later in his works Tom Sawyer and he made them part of American history.Ⅱ. Quizzes:1. What has four eyes ( Ⅰ) but cannot see?2. It is said that river is richer than any other things. Why?参考答案:Ⅰ. Mississippi / through / tender / cabin / Eight / four/ slave / practical / fascinated up / down /Huckleberry FinnⅡ. 1. Mississippi. 2. Because on each side of the river,there is one bank.。
2017-年-6-月大学英语六级考试真题(含答案与详解)
2017-年-6-月大学英语六级考试真题(含答案与详解)2017 年 6 月大学英语六级考试真题(第 1 套)Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational collegeor a university, write an essay to stateyour opinion. You are required to write atleast 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you heara question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversationyou have just heard.1.A) He would feel insulted.B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed.D) He would be disappointed.2.A) They are worthy of a prize.B) They are of little value.C) They make good reading.D) They need improvement.3.A) He seldom writes a book straight through.B) He writes several books simultaneously.C)He draws on his real-life experiences.D)He often turns to his wife for help.4.A) Writing a book is just like watching afootball match.B)Writers actually work every bit as hard asfootballers.C)He likes watching a football match afterfinishing a book.D)Unlike a football match, there is no end towriting a book.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversationyou have just heard.5.A) Achievements of black male athletes incollege.B)Financial assistance to black athletes incollege.C)High college dropout rates among blackathletes.D)Undergraduate enrollments of blackathletes.6.A) They display great talent in every kind ofgame.B)They are better at sports than at academicwork.C)They have difficulty finding money tocomplete their studies.D)They make money for the college but oftenfail to earn a degree.7.A) About 15%.B) Around 40%.C) Slightly over 50%.D) Approximately 70%.8. A) Coaches lack theincentive to graduatethem.B) College degrees donot count much to them.C)They have little interest in academic work.D)Schools do not deem it a serious problem. Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, youwill hear three or four questions. Boththe passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Marketingstrategies.B)Holidayshopping.C) Shoppingmalls.D) Online stores.10.A) About 50% ofholiday shoppers.B)About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.C)About 136 million.D)About 183.8 million.11.A) They have fewercustomersB) They find ithard to survive.C)They are thriving once more.D)They appeal to elderly customers.12.A) Better qualityof consumer goods.B) Higheremployment andwages.C)Greater varieties of commodities.D)People having more leisure time. Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A) They are newspecies of biginsects.B) They areoverprescribedantibiotics.C)They are life-threatening diseases.D)They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.14.A) Antibiotics arenow in shortsupply.B)Many infections are no longer curable.C)Large amounts of tax money are wasted.D)Routine operations have become complex.15.A) Facilities.B) Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followedby three or four questions. The recordingswill be played only once. After you heara question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), CJ andD). Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A) It is accessible only tothe talented.B)It improves students’ ability to think.C)It starts a lifelong learning process.D)It gives birth to many eminent scholars.17.A) They encourage academicdemocracy.B) They promoteglobalization.C)They uphold the presidents’ authority.D)They protect students’ rights.18.A) His thirst for knowledge.B) His eagerness to find ajob.C)His contempt for authority.D) His potential for leadership.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) Few people know how toretrieve informationproperly. B) People canenhance their memory with afew tricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-termmemory.D)People tend to underestimate their mentalpowers.20.A) They present the statesin a surprisingly differentorder.B) They include more or lessthe same number of states.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in theatlas.D)They contain names of the most familiarstates.21.A) Focusing on what islikely to be tested.B) Having a good sleep thenight before.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is totake place.D)Making sensible decisions while choosingyour answers.22.A) Discover when you canlearn best.B) Change your time of studydaily.C) Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.D) Follow the example of a marathon runner. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) He is a politician. B)He is a businessman.C) He is a sociologist. D)He is an economist.24.A) In slums.B)In Africa.C)In pre-industrial societies.D)In developing countries.25.A) They have no access to healthcare, let alone entertainment orrecreation.B) Their income is less than 50% ofthe national average family income.C) They work extra hours tohave their basic needsmet.D) Their children cannotafford to go to privateschools.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making yourchoices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark thecorresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the wordsin the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Let’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can’t seem to keep their inner monologues(独白) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain __26__ better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology by professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to __27__ mental pictures helps people function quicker.In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty __28__ and asked them to find just one of those, a banana. Half were__29__ to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips __30__. Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn’t，the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that __31__ the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you’ve __32__ matured is not a great sign of __33__. The two professors hope to refute that idea, __34__ that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever youdo, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any __35__, there’s still such a thing as too much information.A)ApparentlyB)ArroganceC)BrillianceD)ClaimingE)DedicatedF)FocusedG)IncurH)Instructed I) Obscurely J) SealedK)spectatorsL) TriggerM)Uttering N)Volume O)VolunteersSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to it. Each statement containsinformation given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You maychoose a paragraph more than once.Eachparagraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Rich Children and Poor Ones AreRaised Very Differently[A]The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before.[B]Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after-school programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. There are usually two parents, who spend a lot of time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules.[C]In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or with extended family. They are more likely to grow up in neighborhoods that their parents say aren’t great for raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with the law.[D]The class differences in child rearing are growing —a symptom of widening inequality with far-reaching consequences. Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions, especially because education is strongly linked to earnings. Children grow up learning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum (阶层), but not necessarily others.[E]“Early childhood experiences can be very consequential for children’s long-term social, emotional and cognitive development,” said Sean Reardon, professor of poverty and inequality in education at Stanford University. “And because those influence education al success and later earnings, early childhood experiences cast a lifelong shadow.” The cycle continues: Poorer parents have less time and fewer resources to invest in their children, which can leave children less prepared for school and work, which leads to lower earnings.[F]American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research have found: for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate. There is no best parenting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are doing a good job at raising their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle-class and higher- income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau, whose groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life. They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question authority figures and navigate elite institutions.[G]Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far greater independence and time for freeplay. They are taught to be compliant and respectful to adults. There are benefits to both approaches. Working-class children are happier, more independent, complain less and are closer with family members, Ms. Lareau found.Higher-income children are more likely to declare boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more affluent children end up in college and on the way to the middle class, while working-class children tend to struggle. Children from higher-income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and workplaces, Ms. Lareau said. [H]“Do all parents want the most success for their children? Absolutely,” she said. “Do some strategies give children more advantages than others in institutions? Probably they do. Will parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity? No, I really doubt it.”[I]Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-income parents have less money to spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to take children to museums or attend school events. Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. Of families earning more than $75,000 a year, 84% say their children have participated in organized sports over the past year, 64% have done volunteer work and 62% have taken lessons in music, dance or art. Of families earning less than $30,000, 59% of children have done sports, 37% have volunteered and 41% have taken arts classes.[J]Especially in affluent families, children start young. Nearly half of high-earning, college-graduate parents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5, compared with one-fifth of low-income, less-educated parents. Nonetheless, 20% of well-off parents say their children’s schedules are too hectic, compared with 8% of poorer parents. [K]Another example is reading aloud, which studies have shown gives children bigger vocabularies and better reading comprehension in school. 71% of parents with a college degree say they do it every day, compared with 33% of those with a high school diploma or less. White parents are more likely than others to read to their children daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschool or day care, while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family members. Discipline techniques vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children, compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less. [L]The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents’ attitudes toward education do not seem to reflect their owneducational background as much as a belief in the importance of education for upward mobility. Most American parents say they are not concerned about their children’s grades as long as they work hard. But 50% of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children earn a college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier parents.[M]Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe that there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child’s education. Parents who are white, wealthy or college- educated say too much involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances. High- earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising children. While bullying is parents’ greatest concern over all, nearly half of low-income parents worry their child will get shot, compared with one-fifth ofhigh-income parents. They are more worried about their children being depressed or anxious. [N]In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $30,000 and $75,000 a year fell right between working-class and high-earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising children, participation in extracurricular activities and involvement in their children’ s education. [O]Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between children from high- and low-income families is 30-40% larger among children born in 2001 than those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr. Reardon’ s research. People used to live near people of different income levels; neighborhoods are now more segregated by income. More than a quarter of children live insingle-parent households — a historic high, according to Pew 一 and these children are three times as likely to live in poverty as those wholive with married parents. Meanwhile, growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of a college degree for earning a middle-class wage.[P]Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past decade, even as income inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting, like reading to children and going to libraries, have narrowed.[Q]Public policies aimed at young children have helped, including public preschool programs and reading initiatives. Addressing differences in the earliest years, it seems, could reduce inequality in the next generation.36.Working-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to adults.37.American parents, whether rich or poor, have similar expectations of their children despite different ways of parenting.38.While rich parents are more concerned with their children’s psychological well-being, poor parents are more worried about their children’s safety.39.The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social inequality.40.Parenting approaches of working-class and affluent families both have advantages.41.Higher-income families and working-class families now tend to live in different neighborhoods.42.Physical punishment is used much less by well-educated parents.43.Ms. Larea u doesn’t believe participating in fewer after-class activities will negatively affect children’s development.44.Wealthy parents are concerned about their children’s mental health and busy schedules.45. Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the past ten years. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished statements. For each of themthere are four choices marked A, B, C andD. You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Tennessee’s technical and community colleges will not outsource(外包) management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus. In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus’ spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings — which included data from thesystem’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities —were part of the decision not to move forward with Governor Bill Haslam’s proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money.“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents. “System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”Worker’s advocates have criticized Haslam’s plan, saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan, which has not been finalized.Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week.That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan.“The state’s facilities management project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February,” Martin said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed.”Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark thesecond time this month that he has come out against one of Haslam’s plans for higher education in Tennessee. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor’s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “unworkable”.46.What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee?A)It is backed by a campus spending analysis.B)It has been flatly rejected by the governor.C)It has neglected their faculty’s demands.D )It will improve their financialsituation.47.What does the campus spending analysis reveal?A)Private companies play a big role in campusmanagement.B)Facilities management by colleges is morecost-effective.C)Facilities management has greatly improvedin recent years.D)Colleges exercise foil control over theirown financial affairs.48.Workers’ supporters argue that Bill Haslam’s proposal would _________.A)deprive colleges of the right to manage theirfacilitiesB)make workers less motivated in performingdutiesC)render a number of campus workers joblessD)lead to the privatization of campusfacilities49.What do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s decision? A) The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.B)The outsourcing plan will be implemented.C)The state officials are confident about theoutsourcing plan.D)The college spending analysis justifies theoutsourcing plan.50.Why did John Morgan decide to resign?A)He had lost confidence in the Tennessee stategovernment.B)He disagreed with the governor on highereducation policies.C)He thought the state’s outsourcing proposalwas simply unworkable.D)He opposed the governor’s plan toreconstruct the college board system. Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit Paris, Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as the culmination(终极) of their classical education. Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class—the same that produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest in art. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture; he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarly intentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return home with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very fewadventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey. The essential place to visit, however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompson spoke for many Grand Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of viewing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics”. Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist. Panini’s Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures bygaining admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative (唤起回忆的) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.51.What is said about the Grand Tour?A)It was fashionable among young people of thetime.B)It was unaffordable for ordinary people.C)It produced some famous European artists.D)It made a compulsory part of collegeeducation.52.What did Grand Tourists have in common?A)They had much geographic knowledge.B)They were courageous and venturesome.C)They were versed in literature andinterested in art.D)They had enough travel and outdoor-lifeexperience.53.How did Grand Tourists benefit from their travel?A)They found inspirati on in the world’sgreatest masterpieces.B)They got a better understanding of earlyhuman civilization.C)They developed an interest in the origin ofmodem art forms.D)They gained some knowledge of classical artand architecture.54.Why did many Grand Tourists visit the private collections?A)They could buy unique souvenirs there to takeback home.B)Europe hardly had any museums before the 19thcentury.C)They found the antiques there more valuable.D)Private collections were of greater variety.55.How did the Grand Tour influence the architecture in England? A) There appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.B) Many aristocrats began to move intoRoman-style villas.C)Aristocrats，country houses all hadRoman-style gardens.D) Italian architects were hired to designhouses and gardens.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.唐朝始于 618 年，终于 907 年，是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。
2017年大学英语六级阅读真题及答案
“世界上没有笨的⼈，只有不勤奋的⼈”这句话是我们的语⽂董⽼师经常对我们说的⼀句⼝头禅，告诉我们要勤奋学习，要珍惜时间，要乐于助⼈，做⼀个对社会有⽤的⼈。
以下是店铺为⼤家搜索整理的2017年⼤学英语六级阅读真题及答案，希望能给⼤家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业⽣考试⽹! 选词填空 26.G hypotheses 假设 填名词，根据后⾯两个名词可知，这⾥⼀定填复数名词，即“好的科学基于假设、实验和⽅法论。
” 27. C convincing 令⼈信服的 填形容词，“好的科学需要令⼈信服的理解、明确的解释和清晰的展⽰” 填形容词，意思与后⽂clear，consise为同义词。
“好的科学需要令⼈信服的理解、明确的解释、简明的陈述” 28. A arena 舞台 填名词，“科学家愿意踏⼊公共的舞台(公众的视野)”。
29.B contextual 填形容词，与understandable并列，语义相同，即“语⾔是公众能根据上下⽂能理解的” 30.I incorporate 合并 填动词原形，to support… and to incorporate knowledges into…,incorporate into动词固定搭配。
“把知识融⼊我们的公共交流中” 31.D devoted 奉献 填动词过去式。
devote to固定搭配。
“把17%的花费投⼊到研究和发展中”。
32.N reaping 获得 填现在分词。
reaping decades of economic growth,“获得⼏⼗年的'经济增长”。
33.E digits 位数 填名词。
single digits个位数。
“这个数字下降到个位数”。
34.M pride 填动词原形。
pride⼀词多性，这⾥考察动词⽤法：pride oneself on sth，以某⼈为⾃豪。
“我们不仅以研究为⾃豪，也为对世界的进步做出的贡献⽽⾃豪”。
大学英语六级阅读理解套题练习含答案
大学英语六级阅读理解套题练习含答案2017大学英语六级阅读理解套题练习含答案Sometimes your plans don’t work out because God has better ones.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017大学英语六级阅读理解套题练习含答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Women’s Positions in the 17th CenturySocial circumstances in Early Modern England mostly served to repress women’s voices. Patriarchal culture and institutions constructed them as chaste, silent, obedient, and subordinate. At the beginning of the 17th century, the ideology of patriarchy, political absolutism, and gender hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchie and the Basilikon Doron; by that ideology the absolute power of God the supreme patriarch was seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in the husband and father of a family. Accordingly, a woman’s subjection, first to her father and then to her husband, imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch, and of all Christians to God. Also, the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons, tracts, and plays, detailing women’s physical and mental defects, spiritual evils, rebelliousness, shrewish ness, and natural inferiority to men.Yet some social and cultural conditions served to empower women. During the Elizabethan era (1558—1603) the culture was dominated by a powerful Queen, who provided an impressive female example though she left scant cultural space for other women. Elizabethan women writers began to produce original texts but were occupied chiefly with translation. In the 17th century, however, various circumstances enabled women to writeoriginal texts in some numbers. For one thing, some counterweight to patriarchy was provided by female communities—mothers and daughters, extended kinship networks, close female friends, the separate court of Queen Anne (King James’ consort) and her often oppositional masques and political activities. For another, most of these women had a reasonably good education (modern languages, history, literature, religion, music, occasionally Latin) and some apparently found in romances and histories more expansive terms for imagining women’s lives. Also, representation of vigorous and rebellious female characters in literature and especially on the stage no doubt helped to undermine any monolithic social construct of women’s mature and role.Most important, perhaps, was the radical potential inherent in the Protestant insistence on every Christian’s immediate relationship with God and primary responsibility to follow his or her individual conscience. There is plenty of support in St Paul’s epistles and elsewhere in the Bible for patriarchy and a wife’s subjection to her husband, but some texts (notably Galatians 3:28) inscribe a very different politics, promotin g women’s spiritual equality: “There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Jesus Christ.” Such texts encouraged some women to claim the support of God the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead.There is also the gap or slippage between ideology and common experience. English women throughout the 17th century exercised a good deal of accrual power: as managers of estate s in their husbands’ absences at court or on military and diplomatic missions; as members of guilds; as wives and motherswho apex during the English Civil War and Interregnum (1640-60) as the execution of the King and the attendant disruption of social hierarchies led many women to seize new roles—as preachers, as prophetesses, as deputies for exiled royalist husbands, as writers of religious and political tracts.1. What is the best title for this passage?[A]. Women’s Position in the 17th Century.[B]. Women’s Subjection to Patriarchy.[C]. Social Circumstances in the 17th Century.[D]. Women’s objection in the 17th Century.2. What did the Queen Elizabeth do for the women in culture?[A]. She set an impressive female example to follow. [B]. She dominated the culture.[C]. She did little. [D]. She allowed women to translate something.3. Which of the following is Not mention as a reason to enable women to original texts?[A].Female communities provided some counterweight to patriarchy. [B]. Queen Anne’s political activities.[C]. Most women had a good education.[D]. Queen Elizabeth’s political activities.4. What did the religion so for the women?[A]. It did nothing. [B]. It too asked women to be obedient except some texts.[C]. It supported women. [D]. It appealed to the God.答案ACDB37The only way to travel is on footThe past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like ‘ Palaeolithic Man’,‘Neolithic Man’, etc., neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label ‘Legless Man’. Histories of the time will go something like this: ‘in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn’t use their legs even when they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of every huge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks. ’The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world – or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. It is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: ‘I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? I saw the sea.’ The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says ‘I’ve been there. ’ You mention the remotest, most evocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say ‘I’ve been there’ –meaning, ‘I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else. ’When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travellers.1、Anthorpologists label nowaday’s men ‘Legless’ becauseA people forget how to use his legs.B people prefer cars, buses and trains.C lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.D there are a lot of transportation devices.2、Travelling at high speed meansA people’s focus on the future.B a pleasure.C satisfying drivers’ great thrill.D a necessity of life.3、Why does the author say ‘we are deprived of the use of our eyes’ ?A People won’t use their eyes.B In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.C People can’t see anything on his way of travel.D People want to sleep during travelling.4、What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A Legs become weaker.B Modern means oftransportation make the world a small place.C There is no need to use eyes.D The best way to travel is on foot.5. What does ‘a bird’s-eye view’ mean?A See view with bird’s eyes.B A bird looks at a beautiful view.C It is a general view from a high position looking down.D A scenic place.答案AACDC。
17年英语六级阅读提分训练试题及答案
17年英语六级阅读提分训练试题及答案A bird is known by its note, and a man by his talk.以下是小编为大家搜索整理的17年英语六级阅读提分训练试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!American schoolchildren occasionally present an apple to the teacher. Obviously the custom contains an element of bribery 1 — you offer sweet fruit to authority figures to “sweeten” 2 their disposition 3. In school children's case, the apple is offered to make their grades more favorable. Therefore, the apple has more or less acquired a corrosive4 reputation and maybe for this reason, in slang English “to applepolish” means“to flatter or fawn” and an applepolisher is a flatterer.But the custom might also be explained as a fair payment for the teacher's instruction. In the early days of public education, school teachers were not always salaried. Often they would be paid in goods and services, offered by either the school, or the pupils or the parents. . .. Therefore, the occasional gift of an apple for the teacher in today's classroom should be a welcome reminder of the era when education was one -to-one and when teaching meant enlightening the students rather than identifying their rankings.Caps and GownsFor students, the most exciting moment may be the graduation ceremony 5: parents, relatives and friends are invited to the ceremony; all the graduates are wearing black square flat caps and gowns. They all await the president to announce in the end,“Now, please move your tassels from right to left. ”The caps and gowns worn by high school and college graduates today are survivors of the everyday dress worn by members of the academic community in medieval Europe. The majority of scholars in the Middle Ages6 were churchmen, or soon to become so, and their dress was often strictly regulated by the universities where they taught and studied. The standard clerical dress throughout Europe was the long black cope. The original preference for black was changed in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, as such colors as red, violet and purple came into fashion; but by the Renaissance black was back, as the color black symbolized simple and plain, or austere way of life in the sixteenth century. With few exceptions, modern universities keep that ceremonial austerity.The origin of the square flat cap, or mortarboard7 , is obscure, though it probably derives from the medieval biretta . Such a tufted square cap is considered the badge of the 024 mastership , and is later adopted by undergraduates and schoolboys. The term mortarboard does not appear in English until the 1850 s. The tassel that graduates transfer from one side to another as a signal of their elevation is an outgrowth of the medieval tuft. The tuft still appears on the modern biretta, worn by bishops throughout the Church of Rome .阅读自测Ⅰ. True o r false :1. Nowadays, American pupils always offer an apple to the teacher in order to geta better grade.2. In the early days of public education, schoolteachers were paid in money.3. In America, the caps and gowns are only adopted by college graduates during graduation ceremonies.4. Before the Renaissance, the standard clerical dress was black.5. The biretta was considered the mark of scholarship.6. That the graduates move the tassel from one side to the other is a signal of elevation.Ⅱ. Questions :1. According to the passage, when you say somebody is an apple polisher, what do you really mean by saying that?2. For students, when is the most exciting moment?3. After graduation, which side should you put your tassel, right or left?参考答案 :Ⅰ. 1. T 2. F 3 . F 4 . F 5. T 6. TⅡ. 1. It really means that he is flattering or fawning some figures.2. For students, the most exciting moment is the graduation ceremony, especially the moment when the president makes the announcement.3. After graduation, the tassel should be put to the left side.参考译文校园记趣献给老师的苹果美国的学童经常会送苹果给老师。
大学英语六级阅读历年真题训练unit17（B）
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U.S., about half the urban pollution and one fourth the greenhouse(温室) gases. They take a similar toll of (损耗) resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of the developing world. As vehicle use continues to increase in the coming decade, the U.S. and other countries will have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic, health-related and political costs. It is unlikely that oil prices will remain at their current low level or that other nations will accept a large and growing U.S. contribution to global climatic change.Policymakers and industry have four options: reduce vehicle use, increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conventional gasoline-powered vehicles, switch to less harmful fuels, or find less polluting driving systems. The last of these —in particular the introduction of vehicles powered by electricity—is ultimately the only sustainable option. The other alternatives are attractive in theory but in practice are either impractical or offer only marginal improvements. For example, reduced vehicle use could solve traffic problems and a host of social and environmental problems, but evidence from around the world suggests that it is very difficult to make people give up their cars to any significant extent. In the U.S., mass-transit ridership and carpooling(合伙⽤车) have declined since World War Ⅱ. Even in western Europe, with fuel prices averaging more than 1 a liter(about 4 a gallon) and with easily accessible mass transit and dense populations, cars still account for 80 percent of all passenger travel.Improved energy efficiency is also appealing, but automotive fuel economy has barely made any progress in 10 years. Alternative fuels such as natural gas, burned in internal-combustion engines, could be introduced at relatively low cost, but they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse emissions(especially because oil companies are already spending billions of dollars every year to do develop less pollution types of gasoline.)31. From the passage we know that the increased use of cars will .A) consume half of the oil produced in the worldB) have serious consequences for the well-being of all nationsC) widen the gap between the developed and developing countriesD) impose an intolerable economic burden on residents of large cities32. The U.S. has to deal with the problems arising from vehicle use because .A) most Americans are reluctant to switch to public transportation systemsB) the present level of oil prices is considered unacceptableC) other countries will protest its increasing greenhouse emissionsD) it should take a lead in conserving natural resources33. Which of the following is the best solution to the problems mentioned in the passage?A) The designing of highly efficient car engines.B) A reduction of vehicle use in cities.C) The development of electric cars.D) The use of less polluting fuels.34. Which of the following is practical but only makes a marginal contribution to solving the problem of greenhouse emissions?A) The use of fuels other than gasoline.B) Improved energy efficiency.C) The introduction of less polluting driving systems.D) Reducing car use by carpooling.35. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A) The decline of public transportation accounts for increased car use in western Europe.B) Cars are popular in western Europe even though fuel prices are fairly high.C) The reduction of vehicle use is the only sustainable option in densely populated western Europe.D) Western European oil companies cannot sustain the cost of developing new-type fuels.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Reebok executives do not like to hear stylish athletic shoes called “footwear for yuppies(雅⽪⼠，少壮⾼薪职业⼈⼠)”. They contend that Reebok shoes appeal to diverse market segments. Especially now that the company offers basketball and children's shoes for the under_18 set and walking shoes for older customers not interested in aerobics (健⾝操) or running. The executives also point out that through recent acquisitions they have added hiking boots, dress and casual shoes, and high-performance athletic footwear to their product lines, all of which should attract new and varied groups of customers. Still, despite its emphasis on new markets, Reebok plans few changes in the unmarked(⾼档消费⼈群的)retailing network that helped push sales to $1 billion annually, ahead of all other sports shoe marketers. Reebok shoes, which are priced from $27 to $85, will continue to be sold only in better specialty, sporting goods, and department stores, in accordance with thecompany's view that consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution.In the past few years, the Massachusetts-based company has imposed limits on the number of its distributors(and the number of shoes supplied to stores), partly out of necessity. At times the unexpected demand for Reeboks exceeded supply, and the company could barely keep up with orders from the dealers it already had. These fulfillment problems seem to be under control now, but the company is still selective about its distributors. At present, Reebok shoes are available in about five thousand retail stores in the United States.Reebok has already anticipated that walking shoes will be the next fitness-related craze replacing aerobics shoes the same way its brightly colored, soft leather exercise footwear replaced conventional running shoes. Through product diversification and careful market research, Reebok hopes to avoid the distribution problems Nike came across several years ago, when Nike misjudged the strength of the aerobics shoe craze and was forced to unload huge inventories of running shoes through discount stores.36. One reason why Reebok's managerial personnel don't like their shoes to be called “footwear for yuppies” is that .A) they believe that their shoes are popular with people of different age groupsB) new production lines have been added to produce inexpensive shoesC) “yuppies” usually evokes a negative imageD) the term makes people think of prohibitive prices37. Reebok's view that “consumers judge the quality of the brand by the quality of its distribution” (Line 5, para. 2) implies that .A) the quality of a brand is measured by the service quality of the store selling itB) the quality of a product determines the quality of its distributorsC) the popularity of a brand is determined by the stores that sell it.D) consumers believe that first-rate products are only sold by high-quality stores38.Reebok once had to limit the number of its distributors because .A) its supply of products fell short of demandB) too many distributors would cut into its profitsC) the reduction of distributors could increase its share of the marketD) it wanted to enhance consumer confidence in its products39. Although the Reebok Company has solved the problem of fulfilling its orders, it .A) does not want to further expand its retailing networkB) still limits the number of shoes supplied to storesC) is still particular about who sells its productsD) still carefully chooses the manufacturers of its products40. What lesson has Reebok learned from Nike's distribution problems?A) A company should not sell its high quality shoes in discount stores.B) A company should not limit its distribution network.C) A company should do follow-up surveys of its products.D) A company should correctly evaluate the impact of a new craze on the market.。
大学英语六级阅读历年真题训练unit16（A）
Unit 16Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk(废话)”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society's moral catastrophes (灾难), yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people's lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual's quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work weekly, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.Clear as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life's tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18-to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show's exploitation.While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.21. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are .A) more family-orientedB) unusually popularC) more profoundD) relatively formal22. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience .A) remain fascinated by themB) are ready to face up to themC) remain indifferent to themD) are willing to get involved in them23. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A) A new type of robot.B) Racist hatred.C) Family budget planning.D) Street violence.24. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both .A) ironicalC) instructiveB) sensitiveD) cynical25. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows .A) have monopolized the talk show circuitB) exploit the weaknesses in human natureC) appear at different times of the dayD) are targeted at different audiencesQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent(慈善) or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction—the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid_1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The nonacceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!26.The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence,A) the practice of turning goods into moneyB) making goods available for purchaseC) the customer-centred approachD) a form of persuasive salesmanship27. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A) The needs of the market.B) The efficiency of production.C) The satisfaction of the user.D) The preferences of the dealer.28. According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines 3_4, Para. 1)means “ ”.A) to sell the largest possible amount of goodB) to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC) to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD) to redesign these goods for large-scale production29. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.30. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on .A) its main characteristicB) its social impactC) its possible consequenceD) its theoretical basis。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/ielts/xd.html（报名网址）Unit 17Part ⅡReading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:In the 1920s demand for American farm products fell, as European countries began to recover from World War Ⅰand instituted austerity(紧缩) programs to reduce their imports. The result was a sharp drop in farm prices. This period was more disastrous for farmers than earlier times had been, because farmers were no longer self-sufficient. They were paying for machinery, seed, and fertilizer, and they were also buying consumer goods. The prices of the items farmers bought remained constant, while prices they received for their products fell. These developments were made worse by the Great Depression, which began in 1929 and extended throughout the 1930s.In 1929, under President Herbert Hoover, the Federal Farm Board was organized. It established the principle of direct interference with supply and demand, and it represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic stability for farmers.President Hoover's successor attached even more importance to this problem. One of the first measures proposed by President Franklin D.Roosevelt when he took office in 1933 was the Agricultural Adjustment Act, which was subsequently passed by Congress. This law gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use. A deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices. This law was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of people. However, new laws were passed immediately that achieved the same result ofresting soil and providing flood-control measures, but which were based on the principle of soil conservation. The Roosevelt Administration believed that rebuilding the nation's soil was in the national interest and was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens. Later the government guaranteed loans to farmers so that they could buy farm machinery, hybrid(杂交) grain, and fertilizers.21. What brought about the decline in the demand for American farm products?A) The impact of the Great Depression.B) The shrinking of overseas markets.C) The destruction caused by the First World War.D) The increased exports of European countries.22. The chief concern of the American government in the area of agriculturein the 1920s was .A) to increase farm productionB) to establish agricultural lawsC) to prevent farmers from going bankruptD) to promote the mechanization of agriculture23. The Agricultural Adjustment Act encouraged American farmers to .A) reduce their scale of productionB) make full use of their landC) adjust the prices of their farm productsD) be self-sufficient in agricultural production24. The Supreme Court rejected the Agricultural Adjustment Act because it believed that the Act .A) might cause greater scarcity of farm productsB) didn't give the Secretary of Agriculture enough powerC) would benefit neither the government nor the farmersD) benefited one group of citizens at the expense of others25. It was claimed that the new laws passed during the Roosevelt Administration were aimedat .A) reducing the cost of farmingB) conserving soil in the long-term interest of the nationC) lowering the burden of farmersD) helping farmers without shifting the burden onto other taxpayersQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:In the 1950s, the pioneers of artificial intelligence(AI) predicted that, by the end of this century, computers would be conversing with us at work and robots would be performing our housework. But as useful as computers are, they're nowhere close to achieving anything remotely resembling these early aspirations for humanlike behavior. Never mind something as complex as conversation: the most powerful computers struggle to reliably recognize the shape of an object, the most elementary of tasks for a ten-month-old kid.A growing group of AI researchers think they know where the field wentwrong. The problem, the scientists say, is that AI has been trying to separate the highest, most abstract levels of thought, like language and mathematics, and to duplicate them with logical, step-by-step programs. A new movement in AI, on the other hand, takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with intelligence. Many of these researchers study evolution and natural adaptation instead of formal logic and conventional computer programs. Rather than digital computers and transistors, some want to work with brain cells and proteins. The results of these early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the field.Imitating the brain's neural (神经的)network is a huge step in the right direction, says computer scientist and biophysicist Michael Conrad, but it still misses an important aspect of natural intelligence. “people tend to treat the brain as if it were made up of color-coded transistors,”he explains. “But it's not simply a clever network of switches. There are lots of important things going on inside the brain cells themselves.”Specifically, Conrad believes that many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern-recognition proficiency of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell. The best way to build an artificially intelligent device, he claims, would be to build it around the same sort of molecular skills.Right now, the notion that conventional computers and software are fundamentally incapable of matching the processes that take place in the brain remains controversial. But if it proves true, then the efforts of Conrad and his fellow AI rebels could turn out to be the only game in town.26. The author says that the powerful computers of today .A) are capable of reliably recognizing the shape of an objectB) are close to exhibiting humanlike behaviorC) are not very different in their performance from those of the 50'sD) still cannot communicate with people in a human language27. The new trend in artificial intelligence research stems from .A) the shift of the focus of study on to the recognition of the shapes of objectsB) the belief that human intelligence cannot be duplicated with logical, step-by-step programsC) the aspirations of scientists to duplicate the intelligence of a ten-month-old childD) the efforts made by scientists in the study of the similarities between transistors and brain cells28. Conrad and his group of AI researchers have been making enormous efforts to.A) find a roundabout way to design powerful computersB) build a computer using a clever network of switchesC) find out how intelligence developed in natureD) separate the highest and most abstract levels of thought29. What's the author's opinion about the new AI movement?A) It has created a sensation among artificial intelligence researchers but will soon die out.B) It's a breakthrough in duplicating human thought processes.C) It's more like a peculiar game rather than a real scientific effort.D) It may prove to be in the right direction though nobody is sure of its future prospects.30. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the phrase “the only game in town”(line 3, Para.4)?A) The only approach to building an artificially intelligent computer.B) The only way for them to win a prize in artificial intelligence research.C) The only area worth studying in computer science.D) The only game they would like to play in town.“成千上万人疯狂下载。