2020年4月自考英语(一)试题及答案解析

2018年4月自考英语（一）试题第一部分选择题(共50分)I. V ocabulary and Structure (10 points，1point for each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

1. ______ the sun，the moon looks the biggest object in the sky.A. Except forB. BesidesC. ExceptD. Other than2. When they join the work force，their employers and associates alike will soon realize that the behavior of these rude young people is closer to ______ of animals than civilized individuals.A. thoseB. whichC. whatD. that3. Although there is no doubt that _____ people benefit from heart surgery，critics of our health-care systems point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages.A. a great deal ofB. a great amount ofC. a great number ofD. the number of4. If I ______ a little earlier，I would have caught the train.A. leftB. would leaveC. leaveD. had left5. _______ their common aim may seem good，people probably do not realize that dieting can do harm to their health.A. AsB. ThoughC. IfD. Since6. We should be ______ of the views of others，even if we disagree with them.A. kindB. considerateC. tolerantD. capable7. Rude people are those whose behavior shows little respect for the rules that the majority _____.A. haveB. ownC. followD. like8. There is great pleasure in watching wildlife in natural or near-natural environments，and tourism can _____ the income of countries.A. add toB. take toC. keep toD. see to9. He helped me and I hope I can do something for him ______.A. in turnB. for returnC. by turnD. in return10. We can come to the _____ that the more we practice，the more skillful we will be.A. traditionB. generationC. conclusionD. factII. Cloze Test (10 points，1 point for each)下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项。

根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

“Family” –the word had different meanings for different people，and even the dictionary gives us several definitions：“a group of people related __11__blood or marriage，” “two adults and their children，” “all those people __12__ from a common ancestor，” “a household，” and so on. Some people think of a family __13__ a mother，a father，and their children；others include grandparents，aunts，uncles，and cousins. For __14__ of us，family means the group of relatives __15 __ far away from home. For others，having a __16__ simply means having children. Some families have long histories，__17__ others know very little about their ancestors. No__18__ if it is young or old，large or small，traditional or modern，every family has a sense of what a family is. It is that feeling of __19__，of love and security __20__ comes from living together，helping and sharing.11. A. to B. for C. after D. by12. A. derived B. separated C. distinguished D. descended13. A. by B. as C. from D. for14. A. some B. other C. most D. one15. A. live B. living C. lived D. to live16. A. parent B. relative C. family D. house17. A. while B. why C. where D. which18. A. problem B. thing C. matter D. question19. A. belong B. belonging C. belonged D. having belonged20. A. what B. this C. that D. suchIII…… Reading Comprehension (30 points，2 points for each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.My generation —— the generation that came of age in the 1950s and 1960s —— may be the last one to know the feeling of being surrounded by millions of words that were the products of years of work by authors famous and obscure. For now we are seeing a subtle but unmistakable turning away from such things. The houses of America，I fear，may soon include no room for libraries. The hardcover book —— that symbol of the permanence of thought，the handing down of wisdom from one age to the next —— may be a new addition to our list of endangered species.I have a friend who runs a bookstore in a Midwestern college town. He has found that he can not sell hardcover books；paperback books are his stock in trade，and even those are a disappointment to him. “You know how we used to see people carrying around book bags？” he tells me. “Well，now I look out of the window of my shop，and all I see are students carrying boxes from the record stores. The students are n‘t reading any more. They’re listening to albums(唱片集)。

”And indeed he may be right. Stories of problems young people have with reading are not new，but the trend seems to be worsening. Recently the president of a university in New York said that 10 percent of the freshmen (大学一年级学生) at this university could read no better than the average eighth grader. There is an even more worrying aspect to it：of those college freshmen whose reading skills were equivalent to the sixth-to-eighth-grade level，thepresident reported that many had ranked in the top half of their high-school classes.21. The underlined word “obscure” (Paragraph 1) most probably means ____.A. not well-paidB. not well-madeC. not well-trainedD. not well-known22. The hardcover book may become an endangered species because _______.A. hardcover books are scarcer todayB. people are tired of hardcover booksC. the habit of reading books is dying outD. the permanence of thought is challenged23. The writer mentions his friend‘s bookstore to show that _______.A. there is a gradual lack of interest in serious readingB. there is a subtle increase in the popularity of musicC. hardcover books greatly affect his friend‘s businessD. paperback books are a disappointment to his friend24. As a result of the worsening trend of turning away from reading ____.A. many college students enjoy listening to albumsB. students fail to read as well as they are required toC. many high school students fail to enter universitiesD. high-school students have become the best readers25. The passage is mainly about _______.A. the changes in people‘s attitude towards readingB. the troubles encountered by the owner of a bookstoreC. the trend of reading in the 1950s and 1960sD. the problems that college students have with readingPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The first astronaut (航天员) to walk in space，Leonov，and his companion，Belaiev，began making preparations for the walk as soon as their spaceship was launched. The spaceship was equipped with a double door，which was fitted with a bellows () between the ship and the outside. This made it possible for the astronaut，in his space suit with oxygen supply，to go first from the air-filled ship to the bellows. Then the air was let out of thebellows，and while the man stepped outside，the air inside the ship remained at normal pressure. If the door had opened directly into space，the air in the ship would have rushed out and been lost when the door opened.Leonov and Balaiev practiced testing the doors several times after they had begun moving around the earth. When the time came for Leonov to go out，his companion helped him attach the cable that was to keep him from floating away from the ship. Then Leonov entered the bellows，and the door closed behind him. When there was no air left in the bellows，the outer door opened and Leonov could see the blackness of space and the blinding light of the sun.If the sky appears blue to us on earth，it is because the earth‘s atmosphere ab sorbs a certain number of blue rays of sunlight. Out where there is no air，this phenomenon does not take place. On the earth，our atmosphere spreads light so that，when the sun is up，light seems to be everywhere. However，in the airless outer space，strong lights，such as the sun，exist side by side with a dark similar to the blackest night. The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle (闪烁) in space，as they do from the earth.26. The spaceship was furnished with a bellows in order to ________.A. keep air in the ship when its door was openedB. prevent the spaceship from floating in spaceC. make it possible for the astronauts to walk in spaceD. provide the astronauts with air under normal pressure27. Immediately before going out of the spaceship，the astronauts have to ______.A. check the spaceship doorsB. walk through the bellowsC. attach each other with a cableD. do some warm-up exercises28. When he stepped out of the spaceship，Leonov saw ______.A. black space without lightB. the sun first and then darknessC. darkness turning into blinding lightD. darkness and light at the same time29. During the day people can see light everywhere，because when the sun is up ______.A. it gives off lightB. it absorbs lightC. the earth‘s atmosphere gives off lightD. the earth‘s atmosphere absorbs sunlight30. In outer space，the absence of air is responsible for ______.A. the brightness of spaceB. the brightness of starsC. the coexistence of stars and stronger lightsD. the coexistence of brightness and darknessPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Away at medical school，23-year-old Swati enjoyed herself in her new-found freedom. She drank and experimented with drugs. When her grades got worse，her father immediately hired a private eye to investigate her. Before long，her parents had a detailed report. “I was worried，” says Swati‘s mother. “We’re a modern family but still traditional. We worr ied about her reputation (名声) –our reputation.”More and more Indian parents have begun turning to private detectives (侦探) to follow their children. Indeed，India‘s first MTV generation is taking full advantage of the explosion of parties and bars that have emerged over the past decade as the country has opened up. “We see upper-and middle-class parents increasingly being deceived and cheated by their children，” says Brinda Adige，a researcher at the Child Development Center.That‘s good news for India’s private-detective industry. So far，there are about 100 firms throughout the nation，mostly in the big cities. Each firm now handles as many as a dozen cases every month. Detective reports don‘t come cheap；$1，000 a week is standard. “It’s a lot in Indi a，” says a detective. “But when I point out what they spend on their child‘s education and marriage，they accept it’s small price to pay to protect their investment.”The choice is a risky one. Most private detectives warn parents against revealing that they have monitored their children. Some kids find out anyway – either from parents unableto contain their rage or through the detectives‘ foolishness. “It’s a very dangerous strategy，” says Adige. “It‘s a permanent damage to trust by the parents. There’s no way back once the child knows their parents have paid someone to follow them.”But it can also be surprisingly effective. Swati began behaving better after she was challenged by her anxious parents.31. Swati‘s parents hired a private detective bec ause .A. she drank a lotB. she used drugsC. her health was poorD. her studies suffered32. We learn from the passage that the children being followed by detectives are mainly from .A. rich familiesB. small familiesC. well-known familiesD. single-parent families33. The underlined phrase “their investment” *(Para. 3) refers to the money .A. they hope to get back from their child‘s schoolB. they are going to leave to their child after deathC. they pay for their child‘s education and m arriageD. they pay a private detective to follow their child34. Hiring a private detective is a risky strategy in that it can do harm to .A. the family investmentB. the family relationshipC. the child‘s reputationD. the child’s happiness35. The passage is mainly about .A. a successful approach to dealing with dishonest childrenB. a new way of Indian parents to discipline their childrenC. why Indian children behave against their parents‘ wishesD. why hiring a private detective is both risky and effective.第二部分非选择题材(共50分)IV. Word Spelling (10 points，1point for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语。