初中英语句子成分 PPT

• 介词后面的宾语：介宾
• 注意：人称代词要用宾格 • I decided to go with _______. • A. he B. his C. her D.they E.she
• He gave me a book yesterday.
• Give the poor man some money.
注意：一个简单句中只有一个谓语, 可以有各种时态和语态。（p13）
• You may keep the book for two weeks.
• He has caught a bad cough.
情态动词\助动词+ v
• Open the door, please! • Go and get some water for me. • Don’t laugh at others! • Don’t come back late tonight.
passage.
定语: 用来修饰名词或代词。
The black bike is mine. What’s your name? The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade One. I have lots to eat and drink. The tall boy who is standing there is Peter.
• 间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)：
双宾
双宾语可以进行下面的改写:(p10) Mr Wang teaches us English.
---- Mr Wang teaches English to us.
Mum bought me a gift. ---- Mum bought a gift for me.
stronger and stronger.
宾语（object）：动宾表示行为的对 象， 放在及物动词或者介词之后。
I like China. He hates you. We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you I hope to see you again. Did you write down what he said?
•I think it hard to finish
形式宾语
this difficult job before
Sunday.
真正宾语
宾语的补足语
在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达 完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足
语才能表达完整的意思。（补充说明宾语的 状态、身份、特征）
If you let me go, I’ll make you king. Don’t make your hands dirty. We found Li Ming out when we arrived. Make yourself at home. I saw a girl go into the building. The boy ordered the dog to lie down. The boss kept them working all day. Yesterday he got his leg broken.
❖She is the girl who sings best in my class.
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从 句
二、句子类型
简单句的五种基本句型
1 主语＋谓语
She came.
2 主语＋谓语＋宾语wk.baidu.com
She likes English.
3 主语＋系动词＋表语
She is happy.
4 主语＋谓语+间宾+直宾
概念：组成句子的各个部分，
即主语、谓语、宾语、表语、 宾语补足语、定语和状语，
主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。
主语（subject）:
句子叙述的主体，一般位于句首
• The sun rises in the east. （名词）
• He likes dancing.
（代词）
• Twenty years is a short time in history.
She gave me a book．
5 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补语
She makes her mother angry.
并
列 常用并列连词
句
平行并列连词: and, both…and,
not only…but also,
转折并列连词：but, however,
因果并列连词: for, so
选择并列连词: or, either..or, neither.. nor
大家应该也有点累了，稍作休息
大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流
谓语（predicate）:是对主语加以陈述，表示
主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组 担任，放在主语的后面。
• I love you!
• He practises running every morning.
• The plane took off at 10 o’clock. • How often do you go shopping? • Why didn’t you come back last night?
worked in that
ago.
factory
where his father worked
when he lived there
指出下列各从句的类型
❖I believe that everything is going on well.
❖She was reading a novel when I came in.
用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句
1. He was tired. He went to bed.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
2. Mr Wang is a boss. He hires two secretaries.
Mr Wang is a boss, and he hires two secretaries.
months to build the house.
V.不能做主语！
• 1.Do exercise is good for your health. • 2.Eat too much meat is bad for your health.
主语小测
• 找出下面句子的主语
• 1. Our school is not far from my home. • 2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you. • 3.Cleaning the house needs a lot of time.
状语：状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。
表示动作的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度、条件 He did it carefully.
They missed me very much.
Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.
In order to catch up with my classmates, I must study hard.
祈使句： 1.省略主语you 2.谓语动词用原形
• 谓语动词有两种： 实义动词：
meet \ move \ see \ finish \ pick ..... 系动词：
be (am \ is \ are .....)
其它 感官：smell, feel, taste, 系动词
sound, look 变化：become, get, turn,
3. He made a promise. He didn’t keep itH. e made a promise, but He didn’t keep it.
动词的时态和语态
谓语
I. 时态
现在
1) He doesn’t work in this factory. 2) Is Tom watching TV in the sitting-room
When I was young, I could swim well.
that the match had when he was been cancelled. leaving for Paris.
He told me t宾h宾e语n语从e句ws.
What he said what he did 主语主T从h语句at surprised the people 定i定n 语语the从ro句om.
go, come, grow 持续：remain, stay, keep
谓语总结： 说明主语是什么，做什么或怎么样。 由动词充当 (实义动词和系动词）
表语（predicative）：说明主语是什 么或怎么样，位于系动词后面。
• My favorite subject is English. • Thousands of people became homeless. • The Forbidden City is at the centre of Beijing. • My happiness is to serve people heart and soul. • My hobby is collecting stamps. • My belief is that our country will become
(数词)
• Seeing is believing. （动名词）
• To see is to believe. （不定式）
• What he needs is a book.
形式主语
（主语从句）
• It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.
真正主语
It =that the elephant is round and tall like a tree
在个别句型中，为了避免头重脚轻，这时前
面用 it 作 形式主语。
如：
It is very interesting to play the game . It took two workers about three
now?
3) They have learned three English songs already.
4) We have been learning English for almost two years since Mr. Brown taught us.
过去
• 1) I didn’t go there for some food yesterday.
划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
① Please tell us a story. ② My father bought a new bike for me
last week. ③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history n
ext term. ④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. ⑤ Did he leave any message for me?
who were sitting in the room. whose sons were at war.
That is th表表e fa语语ct从. 句
what he needs. why he was late. because he was ill.
He
in地t点地ha状点t f语状ac从语to句ry th时re间时e状间ye语状ar从语s 句
• She came． • She likes English. • She is happy． • She gave John a book． • She bought a book for me. • She makes her mother angry． • The teacher asked me to read the
• 2) They were doing their homework when I entered their classroom.
• 3) Before he arrived at the cinema, the film had been on for four minutes.