译林版五年级英语下册语法知识点总结

五年级下册知识点一、名词（单数，复数，不可数）1.单数 a fairy , a toothache (two fairies )2. an art room/ English teacher / idea / umbrella ( 复数 1.一般直接+s：trains，students，2. 以s. x. 结尾，加es：bus-buses，class-classes，3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，加es：library—librarieshobby---hobbies city——cities family——families4. 以o结尾的，加es：potato，tomato ,mango,黑人（Negro）,英雄（hero）5.不规则名词复数： man-men， woman-women， policeman-policemenchild-children foot-feet， tooth-teeth3. 不可数 bread,meat, soup, milk,juice,tea , rice …二、人称代词1.主格：I we you you he she he it they★2.宾格：me us you you him her him it themtry it/them on help me/him/herWhat’s wrong with him/her/them eat thembe bad for us Let me/us….do(动词原形)give it a cake come to see himFit me well (非常适合我，这里不用very，用well即可，其他场合的很/非常要加very) 3.形容词性物主代词： my our your your his her its their★三、介词1、表示时间的：① in ＋月份： in January ， in April② in the morning /afternoon/evening③ in ＋季节： in winter④ on ＋具体日期on the 23rd of June⑤ at ＋具体时刻 at five o’clock2、表示节日的：① at Spring Festival at Christmas / Halloween② on Mother’s Day （单数） on Children’s Day 在儿童节（复数）3、表示地点的：（far from/near/next to/beside/behind/between/under/in/on/at）① at the party / at the prince’s house / at the traffic lights / at the bus stopat Park Station / at home/school② on your left③ on Moon Street / in Sunshine Town★四、季节和月份Spring is in March,April and May. warmSummer is in June，July and August. hotAutumn is in September,October and November. coolWinter is in December,January and February. cold★五、基数词和序数词基数词：one two three four five six seven eight nine teneleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeeneighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one thirty ···序数词：first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninthtenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth ··· twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-second 序缩写：十九nineteen,九十ninety, 第十九nineteenth,第九十ninetieth;六、哪些情况加动词原形：/should /would 2. let 3.助动词 do/does练习： Hai should ______(take) some medcine.’s go and ______（have）a party.(do)Nancy ______ (like) _______(dance)has to ______(come) back before 12 o’clock.七、哪些情况加动词ing2. go good at /how about注意：动词ing形式也叫作动词的现在分词（-ing），变化规则：（1）直接加ing：draw——drawing play——playing（2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e加ing：dance——dancing skate——skating make——making have——having write——writing live——living come------coming ride -------riding drive------driving（3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅元辅”结构的，双写末字母加ing：swim——swimming run——running chat——chattingsit——sitting put ——putting shop——shoppingget-----getting练习：’s go ________(swim) this afternoon.’re really good at _________(skate).(be) your uncle ______(read) books nowabout ________(watch) a film★八、现在进行时表示：正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

（now/listen/look）构成: be(is/am/are) ＋动ing例：特殊疑问句 1. What are you doing I am sweeping the floor.2. Where are you going I am going to the playground.一般疑问句 you cooking tomato soup Yes,I am./No, I’m not.he looking for some juice Yes, he is./No,he isn’t.九、一般现在时表示：经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。

（always 总是；usually 通常；often经常；sometimes有时候）例：What do you (usually) do on your birthdayWhat do you eat at Spring Festival★注意主语是三单时，动词要变为动三单形式，变化规则如下：1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加 -s. ： climbs / takes/ picks2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或 o 结尾的动词,在后面加 -es.例: teaches , watches, does , goes, catches ,brushes3) 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把 y变为 i 再加 -es. try--tries十、辨析2.和① and (Su Yang and I) are helping her.② with ( We )often have a big dinner with (our parents) .3.也① too It’s Su Yang’s birthday too. （句末）② also It’s also Su Yang’s birthday. （句中）③ either They should not eat or drink either. (否定句)动词（is/am/are）① I am / you are②单数/不可数 is / 复数 are★5.想要① want =would like + 名词 She wants a big cake.=② want to=would like to ＋动原 She wants to buy a big cake.=（注意：不要看到like就跟doing，like doing是喜欢做某事）★6.是······的时候了。

It’s time to have lunch. (to +动原)It’s time for lunch. (for+名词)★7. look for 寻找（过程） Liu Tao is looking for some milk.find 找到（结果） Yang Ling cannot find the bookshop.8.or （通常用于否定句） and （通常用于肯定句）十一、易错词汇和词组’s (是谁) whose(谁的) he’s(他是) his (他的)there are有 they’re 他们是 these 这些pretty 漂亮的 present 礼物 parent 父或母read 读 ride 骑2. play basketball play the piano play with Kitty the cat3. sweep the floor （区分：扫，洗，擦）4. clean the car / table clean the classroom / library5. wash clothes / the dishes / some vegetables6. give … to / send…to / write…to / show…to / buy…for7. fit / hear well、work on a big ship、 too young/late/many sweets8. what / where / when / who / whose / how many/ how old /which(哪个) 十二、文化板块like reading fairy tales.I like reading stories about(关于) the Monkey King and Nezha.the UK , we ask "Where's the toilet"In the U S, we ask "Where's the re s troom"have a fever. Your temperature is 102°F. 102？It's 39°C.eat with chopsticks. (Chinese)I eat with a knife and fork. （Western）西方人is on the thirty–first of usually dress up. They knock onpeople's doors and shout "Trick or treat" for sweets.in the West usually open their presents as soon as they rece ive them.★十三、四会单词和句型单词： why，because，clothes，let，put on，have to，take off，moon，street，near，city，by，bus，on foot，metro，taxi，bike，plane，train，take，get on，get off，walk，hospital，shop，zoo，film，stop，feel，should，have a rest，toothache，anything，clean，cook，busy，garden，sweet，vegetable，tomato，potato，look for，love，bread，January，February，call，May，June，September，October，November，birthday，April，game，March，July，August，December，play，answer句型：1. Why are you sad Because I can’t go to the party.（问原因）2 . How do you come to school I come to school by bus/taxi. (问交通工具) me， how do I get to the cinema/hospital···（get there）You can get on/off the metro/bus at…（问路、指路）Then, walk to/go along ….（问路）. You can see …on your left/right.’ wrong with you I have a fever/headache/cold/toothache.You should/shouldn’t…（问身体状况）What’ wrong with him/her He/She has a fever.How do you feel now I feel better(好些) . / cold/ hungry/…5. What are you/they doing I am/We are/They are sweeping the floor.What is he/she doing He/She is cooking dinner.6. Are you cooking meat No, I’m not. I’m washing some vegetables. How’s the meat/soup/… It’s yummy/nice.I can’t wait! I love it! （vegetable salad s）7. The Spring Festival is in January or February.People eat rice dumplings at this festival.（注意festival不是节日名称时不要大写）8. When’s your birthday It’s on the _______of ______. (四月21日) What do you do on your birthdayI usually···（have a party/buy a birthday cake/eat noodles/···）（问生日）其他重要句型1.Because I don’t have any nice clothes.=Because I have no nice clothes.2.I come to school on foot. = I walk to school.3.Yang Ling gets to Su Yang’s home by metro.=Yang Ling takes a metro to Su Yang’s home4.Can I go to school by bike = Can I ride a bike to schoolNo,you can’t.5.It’s far from school. = It’s not near school.6.Let’s take the metro.7.Bobby is very happy to help them.8.……。