限定性定语从句选连接词---表格
定语从句(1)
定语从句一.定语从句的定义:所谓定语从句,就是用一个句子来做定语来修饰一个名词,其中被修饰的名词叫做先行词,连接先行词和从句之间(或者说引导定语从句)的词语叫做关系词,关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
其中常见的关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,as,but,than;常见的关系副词有:why,when,where.(注意:what,how,whether,if和特殊疑问词+ever不能引导定语从句)。
二.如何选择定语从句的连接词:首先明确先行词是什么,然后找到后面的从句,把从句单独拿出来分析,看一看先行词在句子中做什么成分,根据语法选择连接词。
Eg:He tried to escape from the prison that/which was builtin the Middle Age .分析:1.找先行词:prison 2.把prison放入从句中可以看到prison在从句中是做主语,即the prison was built in the Middle Age .而在定语从句中能充当主语的连接词一般情况下是that和which,于是就能选出连接词了。
三.连接词的用法:1.that:可以修饰人和物,在从句中作主语或宾语,表语,做宾语的时候一般情况下可以省略。
Eg: She is a girl who/that has long hair.(在从句中做主语) Is this the news (that)/which you wanted to tell me yesterday?(在从句中做宾语,可以省略that)He is no longer a kind-hearted man that he used to be(在从句中做表语)注意:1)that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:His father died in the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
定语从句和状语从句的连接词总结
定语从句和状语从句的连接词总结定语从句和状语从句是汉语句子中常见的两种从句类型,它们在句子中分别起到修饰名词或者修饰句子的作用。
连接词在从句中起到引导从句的作用,帮助构建语法结构。
本文将总结定语从句和状语从句常用的连接词,以及它们在句子中的用法和意义。
一、定语从句定语从句是在主句中充当形容词的从句,用来修饰名词或代词。
常用的连接词有:1. 关系代词(用于指人或事物的定语从句):- who:指人的主格- whom:指人的宾格- whose:指人的所有格- which:指物- that:指人或物,常用于限制性定语从句例如:The man who is sitting next to me is my brother.坐在我旁边的那个人是我的哥哥。
2. 关系副词(用于指地点、时间、原因或方式的定语从句):- where:指地点- when:指时间- why:指原因- how:指方式例如:This is the city where I was born.这是我出生的城市。
二、状语从句状语从句用来修饰整个句子或主句的成分,并提供更多的信息。
常用的连接词有:1. 引导时间状语从句的连接词:- when:当…的时候- while:当…时候- as soon as:一…就- before:在…之前- after:在…之后- until:直到例如:I will call you when I arrive.我到达时会给你打电话。
2. 引导条件状语从句的连接词:- if:如果- unless:除非- provided that:只要例如:If it rains, we will stay at home.如果下雨,我们将呆在家里。
3. 引导原因状语从句的连接词:- because:因为- since:因为- as:因为- now that:既然例如:I didn't go to the party because I was busy.我没去参加聚会,因为我很忙。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
非限制性定语从句引导非限定性定语从句的关系代词:①指代对象指代人主格who 宾格whom 所有格of whom, whose指代物主格which, as 宾格which, as 所有格which, of which, whose②引导非限定性定语从句的关系副词主要有:when,whereas ,which均可以引出非限制性定语从句,,如都指前一句话的意思,二者可以互换。
.as 引导的从句可以放在句首,as 本身有“正如…..正象…”一类的含义。
与之连用的词有know,see,expect,announce,point out等。
此外,在the same…as…,such….as….中as引导的是限制性定语从句。
1. The earth is round, _____we all know. DA. thatB. whichC. whoD. as2. ______ was natural, he married Jenny. DA. WhichB. ThatC. ThisD. As3. Such signs _____ we use in the experiment ______ Greek letters. AA. as, areB. as, isC. that, areD. that, is4. I passed him a large glass of whisky, _____ he drank immediately. CA. thatB. asC. whichD. who5. She is very good at dance, ____ everybody knows. DA. thatB. whichC. whoD. as6. It was raining, _____ was a pity. DA. whatB. thatC. the whichD. which7. ______ has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules. DA. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. As8. We do the same work _____ they do. BA. whichB. asC. thanD. like限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别区别一:形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开,口语中使用时也不停顿;而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开,口语中使用时有停顿。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句概念引入He is a person who never gives up. 他是个永远不服输的人。
I found him in the woods, where has a well-known tree.(我是在树林里找到他的,那里有一棵很有名的树。
)Our guide,(who was a Frenchman, ) was an excellent cook.我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师,他是个法国人She was not on the train which arrived just now。
她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上语法点拨什么是定语从句?修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。
引导定语从句的关系词有:关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that关系副词:when, where, why我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句:1. This is our school. It is beautiful.→This is our school which is beautiful.2. This is our school. We study in our school.→This is our school which we study in.→This is our school in which we study.→This is our school where we study.3. Do you know the room? It is made of amber.→Do you know the room which is made of amber?4. I have read the newspaper. It carries the important news.→I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出:先行词和关系词的关系:关系代词实际上是先行词的复指;关系词whose 实际上是先行词的所有格。
从句大全及详解
从句结构一,名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1、名词性从句的构成:That类连接词: that, whether 和if.(这类词以that为代表在句子当中不充当任何成分)Wh-类连接词: what, whatever ,who, whoever, which, whichever ,when, where, how why……2、主语从句:从句在句子中充当主语的成分(从句有完整的主语,谓语,宾语)A: 由 that 引导That she will go abroad to take advanced study seems unlikely.她要出国深造似乎不大可能。
Whether he agrees to the plan or not makes no difference.他同意不同意此计划无所谓。
That引导主语从句,但是并不充当任何语法成分,但是不可以省略。
B: Wh-类连接What she said on that occasion greatly shocked me.她在那个场合下说的话令我震惊。
Whatever is worth doing should be done well.任何值得做得事情都应该做好。
C,主语从句后置的情形It is a miracle that he get a success in the exam.常见的四种结构:it +be+形容词+that -从句It+be+-ed分词+that-从句It+be+名词+that-从句It+不及物动词+that-从句3、宾语从句:宾语从句就是在一个句子里充当宾语的句子。
A: that 连接:Jones said that he was to be married next month.约翰说他下个月将结婚。
I was wondering whether I should bring my girl friend to be gathering. 我在考虑聚会的时候是否要带女朋友过去B: wh- 连接:I wonder why he deserted his enviable well-paid position.我不明白为什么他要辞掉那个令人羡慕的工作。
定语从句语法讲解
定语从句语法讲解定语从句语法讲解“定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句,下面店铺为大家带来的定语从句语法讲解!一、知识点梳理充当定语修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,由一定的连接词引导,连接词称为关系代词(which,that,as,whom,who,whose)或关系副词(when,where,why)1、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句起对先行词进行限定、区分的作用。
若去掉易产生歧义或使主句意义不明确。
(此类定语从句前后没有逗号)【eg】The dress that my mother bought for me is very beautiful. 我妈妈给我买的裙子很漂亮。
⑵非限定性定语从句与先行词之间的关系比较松散,只对先行词起说明和描述的作用。
若省去,剩余部分意义仍然完整,表达清楚。
(此类定语从句前后用逗号隔开)【eg】Your writings , which everyone admires , are verymarvelous.你的作品人人欣赏,实在是太了不起了。
Shakespeare , whose plays are popular , was a greatwriter.莎士比亚是个伟大的作家,他的剧作很受欢迎。
⑶某些情况下,一个定语从句既可以作限定性定语从句,又可以作为非限定性定语从句,但二者含义有差别。
【eg】There are ten cars here which are made in China.这里有十辆中国制造的车。
(这里可能还有其他的车) There are ten cars here , which are made in China. 这里有十辆车,它们都是中国制造的。
定语从句的连接词
定语从句的连接词不可以用what .一定语从句及相关术语定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
先行词后面。
2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等; 关系副词有where, when, why 等。
等。
关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句1.who 指人,在从句中做主语指人,在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom 指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.注意:关系代词whom 在口语和非正式语体中常用who 代替,可省略。
代替,可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.4. that 指人时,相当于who 或者whom ;指物时,相当于which 。
高三英语名词性从句表格
同位语从句说明其刖面的名词的具体内容,常用的名词如:fact,news,idea,hope,thought,order,,word,proof,belief,truth,suggestion,story,
Hedoesn'tcareifitisn't
a
whether常与ornot连用,不能用if代替。
作介词宾语要用
whether不能用if。从
句是否定句时般
特殊疑问意义
who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,
Pleasetellmewhatyouwant.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.
把它移到句子后面,前面用引导词it来作形式主语。
2、宾语从句:
关联词
例句
说明
陈述意义
that
Ibelieve(that)heishonest.
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.
等引导,以示疑
Theproblemis(that)theycan
eeaget
he在非正式的文体中that可以省去。
连接代词
whowhatwhich
enThOp.sjustwhatIwant.
Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.
定语从句、状语从句和同位语从句
复合句【语法要点】复合句是由一个主句加一个或几个从句所构成的句子。
从句只用作句子的一个成分,不能独立。
根据从句在句子中的作用,可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。
(一)名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句。
其关联词有连接词that、if、whether;疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词when、where、how、why等。
1.名词性从句句法结构:2.名词性从句的其它用法:1)if不能引导表语从句。
连接代词who、what、whose、which不能引导同位语从句。
2)有时as、as if/though、because也可以引导表语从句,能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be、seem、look等。
例如:Things are not always as they seem to be.事情并不总是像表面上看来的那样。
It looks as if it were going to rain. It is because you eat too much.3)介词宾语不可以用which来引导,而要用what来引导。
例如:We can learn what we did not know. He will talk to us about what he saw in the .4)连词that引导的名词性从句除能用在except、but、in后之外很少作介词的宾语,。
其它一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导,则需用it先行一步作形式宾语。
例如:He is a good student except that he is careless.You may depend on it that they will support you.5)若主句谓语动词是及物动词make、find、think、see、hear等,则把宾语从句置于宾语补足语之后,用it作形式宾语。
2020高考英语词类考点:连接词(含解析)
第五讲连接词2013年-------2019年高考试卷考查连接词情况1.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les.非限制性定语从句 which2.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)They were well trained by their masters______had great experience with caring for these animals.限制性定语从句who/that3.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)I work not because I have to,___because I want to.并列连词but4.(2019·全国I卷)The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88%, there isthey range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 同位语从句that5..(2018·全国I卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease...限制性定语从句that/which6.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005-when the government started soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by7.7 million tons.限制性定语从句 that/which7..(2018·全国Ⅱ卷)I'm not sure is more frightened,me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.宾语从句who8.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)On our way to the house,it was raining____hard that we couldn't help wondering...状语从句"so...that..."结构:so考点一并列连词1.(2016北京,35)I am not afraid of tomorrow, _______________I have seen yesterday andI love today.【答案】for【解析】句意:我不惧怕明天,因为我已经看到了昨天并热爱今天。
定语从句连接词的用法总结
定语从句连接词的用法总结一、引言定语从句是英语中非常重要的一个语法结构,它能够有效地为主句提供更多信息,增强句子的表达力。
而在定语从句中,连接词起着承上启下的作用,不仅能够让定语从句与主句相连,还能确定定语从句在整个句子中的具体作用。
本文将对常见的定语从句连接词进行总结,并详细解释它们的用法。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1. 关系代词“that”“that”是最常见且最通用的关系代词之一,在口头和书面英语中均可使用。
“that”在定语从句中只能做主语或宾语,并且可以指人或物。
例如:- The car that I bought last month was stolen.(我上个月买的车被盗了。
)- He is the teacher that taught me math.(他是教过我数学的那位老师。
)2. 关系代词“which”“which”只能指物,在非限制性定语从句中使用时,该关系代词往往和逗号一起使用。
“which”还可以作为介绍补充说明时使用。
例如:- I lost my wallet, which contained all my money.(我丢了钱包,里面装着我所有的钱。
)- She has a dog, which is very cute.(她有一只非常可爱的狗。
)3. 关系代词“who / whom”“who”作为主语使用,而“whom”作为宾语使用,都用于指人。
值得注意的是,在口头交流中,“whom”使用较少,通常会使用“who”来替代。
例如:- Peter, who is my best friend, will come to the party.(我的好友彼得会来参加晚会。
)- The girl whom I met yesterday is a famous actress.(我昨天遇到的那个女孩是一位著名演员。
)三、关系副词引导的定语从句1. 关系副词“where”“where”用于修饰地点,在定语从句中充当地点状语。
(完整版)从句连接词判断方法
从句就相当于一个形容词,而且从句前面一定有一个先行词,从句必有缺少的成分(主语,宾语,状语)。
如果先行词在从句做主语,则用which / that / who(人)如果先行词在从句做宾语,则用which/ that/ who(人) /whom(人)或者不填引导词如果先行词在从句做状语,时间用when ,地点用where 。
定语从句及相关术语:1. 定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等;关系副词有where, when, why 等。
关系词常有 3 个作用:1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注:关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom 作为宾语。
4.定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘⋯⋯的'表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
先行词:被限制或修饰的主句的主语。
(一)限定性定语从句一、关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语)1. that 既可代表事物也可代表人,which 代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which 在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
[eg :this is the book (which )you want 。
]而且,如果which 在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which 的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which 作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which ,但在带有下列词的句子中用that 而不用which ,这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none 等不定代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修饰时等,这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时或先行词就是序数词或最高级时. 以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which 时, 都只能用that4. who 和whom 引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom 作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose 是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
限定性定语从句选连接词---表格
物
when
时间状语
Prep.+which
物
where
地点状语
Prep.+which
(in+which)
the reason
物
why
原因状语
For+which
人或物
Whose
名词定语Of+wh来自m / which+the
如何选连接词:
黄金三部曲:
1.首画先行词,区分人或物,看表格第一列。
2.看从句部分缺少什么成分也就是看连接词在从句充当什么成分。(分析主谓宾定状补)
3.根据分析,选择适当的连接词。
限定性定语从句连接词---览表
先行词
(人或物)
关系词
(连接词)
关系词在从句中充当的成分
(也就是从句中缺少的成分)
人
who
主语
人
whom
宾语
物
which
主语、宾语
人或物
What
主语、宾语、表语
人或物
(作宾语时,可以省略)
宾语
such / so / the same
人或物
as
主语、宾语
So…..that / so….as
高考英语名词性从句表格
1 名词性从句知识要点:1、熟悉并掌握各个连接词、连接代词和连接副词的用法。
2、熟悉并掌握复合句即名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句) 1、名词性从句、名词性从句 主语从句(Subject Clauses )表语从句(Predicative Clauses )宾语从句(Object Clauses )同位语从句(Appositive Clauses )2、定语从句、定语从句 限定性与非限定性定语从句限定性与非限定性定语从句3、状语从句、状语从句 时间、条件、让步、原因、地点、比较、程度、结果、方式、目的等。
注:以it 作形式主语,把主语从句后置的常用的句型有:,把主语从句后置的常用的句型有:(1)It + be + 形容词形容词 + that 从句从句 (2)It + be + 名词词组名词词组 + that 从句从句 (3)It + be + 过去分词过去分词 + that 从句从句 (4)It seem, happen 等不及物动词等不及物动词 + that 从句从句 1、主语从句:种类种类 关联词关联词 例 句 说 明 连 词 that That he he will will come and help you is certain. that 在句首不可省去在句首不可省去 whether Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 主语从句中只能用whether ,不可用if 。
主 语 从 句 连接连接 代词代词 who what which whoever What he wants to tell us is not clear. Who will win the match is still unknown. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 主语从句放在句首,句子常显得笨重,因此一般此一般连接连接 副词副词 when where why how It It is is is known known to to us us us how how how he he he became became a writer. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 把它移到句子后面,前面用引导词“it ”来作形式主语。
定语从句连接词(2)
定语从句连接词(2)定语从句连接词难点分析(一)限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况1.当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said?(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.(3) All that can be done has been done.(4) There is little that I can do for you.注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won”t do such a thing.2.当先行词被序数词修饰(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.3.当先行词被形容词最高级或比较级修饰时(1) This is the best film that I have seen.4.当先行词被the very, the only修饰时(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,(2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用who(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/5.当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时(1) Who is the man that is standing there?(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?6.当先行词既有人,也有动物或者物体时(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?只用which, whom1. .当先行词有限定性修饰词时what was the name of the war in the USA which lasted 5 years?2. 当先行词是one, ones, anyone,等时用who; those做先行词时,指人用who, 指物用whichThose who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.3. 介词+which, whom(二)关系代词as和which引导的定语从句as和which引导非限制性定语从句,有相同之处也有不同之处。
限定性定语从句选连接词---表格
物
when
时间状语
Prep.+which
物
where
地点状语
Prep.+which
(in+which)
the reason
物
why
原因状语
For+which
人或物
Whose
名词定语
Of+whom / which+the
如何选连接词:
黄金Байду номын сангаас部曲:
1.首画先行词,区分人或物,看表格第一列。
2.看从句部分缺少什么成分也就是看连接词在从句充当什么成分。(分析主谓宾定状补)
3.根据分析,选择适当的连接词。
限定性定语从句连接词---览表
先行词
(人或物)
关系词
(连接词)
关系词在从句中充当的成分
(也就是从句中缺少的成分)
人
who
主语
人
whom
宾语
物
which
主语、宾语
人或物
What
主语、宾语、表语
人或物
(作宾语时,可以省略)
宾语
such / so / the same
人或物
as
主语、宾语
So…..that / so….as
定语从句知识点总结
定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它起到修饰名词或代词的作用。
本文将对定语从句的定义、构成、使用方法以及常见的连接词进行总结和介绍。
一、定义定语从句是一个从句,用来修饰一个名词或代词,起到进一步说明或限定其具体内容或特征的作用。
定语从句一般由连接词引导,并与被修饰词构成一个整体的复合句。
二、构成定语从句的构成取决于被修饰词的性质以及连接词的选择。
以下是一些常见的连接词及其搭配:1. 关系代词:- 引导定语从句的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose。
- that可修饰人和物,which只能修饰物,who只能修饰人,whom 在从句中作宾语,whose表示所属关系。
- 关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或定语。
2. 关系副词:- 引导定语从句的关系副词有:where, when, why。
- where引导地点状语从句,when引导时间状语从句,why引导原因状语从句。
三、使用方法1. 当定语从句修饰的是一个名词时,通常放在被修饰名词的后面,且在含有定语从句的句子中起到一个修饰限定的作用。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.2. 定语从句可以在句中作主语、宾语或定语。
例如:- This is the house that Jack built. (作主语)- Have you seen the girl who won the singing competition? (作宾语)- The car, which was parked outside, was stolen.(作定语)3. 关系代词在从句中根据其在句中的语法角色有时要做相应的变化。
例如:- The man who is talking to my sister is a doctor.(主格)- The man whom my sister is talking to is a doctor.(宾格)四、注意事项1. 定语从句可以用来修饰人或物,并在句中发挥不同的语法作用。
定语从句
定语从句李浩然笔记先识别定语从句:先行词左边是名词,右侧部分对名词有修饰成分。
找到后画括号:从名词开始画,结束于标点/连接词前/从句中第二个谓语前。
四步:一看指人还是物;二看介词在何处;三看句中做何用;四看是否属特殊;第一步:无需多言。
第二步:针对从句画括号,画括号的时候带上介词,介词置于从句句首的话,指人就填whom,指物就填which,不考虑后文是否缺少句子成分。
Maria has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series.Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from whom you receive gifts?注意:注意看看题目是不是要填介词!一先:根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系二动:根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系三意:根据定语从句的意义来确定介词This is the iPad on which I spend 300 yuan.变形:I spend 300 yuan on the iPad.This is the iPad for which I paid 300 yuan.变形:I paid 300 yuan for the iPad.特殊情况:whose +名词=the 名词+ of which / of which + the 名词(做题注意从句主语是否有the)The house whose window face south is our reading room.=The house of which the window face south is our reading room.= The house the window of which face south is our reading room.如果介词在后面,不管它,看下一步。
定语从句
不能用that的情况:
• • • • a. 关系代词前有介词时。如: This is the house in which he lives. (正) This is the house that he lives in. (误) This is the house in that he lives. (误)
• 在这种结构中,仍然是which和whom 引导的定语从句,只不过是把定语从 句中的某些介词前置,采用这种结构 可以使句子更加简明紧凑。例 • The house in which we live was built 5 years ago. • The person to whom you spoke is my cousin.
•
1、The time will come _____ man can fly to outer space freely. A. that B. when C. in that D. which (1996年35题) 2、I will never forget the ten years _____ we both spent in the little village. A. when B. during which C. which D. in which (2001年54题)
• when引导的时间定语从句,其先行词为 time, day, moment, occasion, week, month等表示时间的名词。 • where引导的地点定语从句,其先行词为 place, room, city, country等表示地点的名 词。 • why引导的原因定语从句,其先行词为 reason。 • 例
•
1、Before her marriage, she spent a considerable time in that very part of Shanghai, _____ she belonged. A. which B. to where C. to which D. at which (1998年56题) 2、The United States is composed of fifty states, two of _____ are separated from the others by land or water. A. them B. that C. which D. those 2003年23题)
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先行词
(人或物)
关系词
(连接词)
关系词在从句中充当的成分
(也就是从句中缺少的成分)
人
who
主语
人
whom
宾语
物wLeabharlann ich主语、宾语人或物
What
主语、宾语、表语
人或物
(作宾语时,可以省略)
宾语
such / so / the same
人或物
as
主语、宾语
So…..that / so….as
Such….that /such….as
物
when
时间状语
Prep.+which
物
where
地点状语
Prep.+which
(in+which)
the reason
物
why
原因状语
For+which
人或物
Whose
名词定语
Of+whom / which+the
如何选连接词:
黄金三部曲:
1.首画先行词,区分人或物,看表格第一列。
2.看从句部分缺少什么成分也就是看连接词在从句充当什么成分。(分析主谓宾定状补)
3.根据分析,选择适当的连接词。