大学英语四级考试选词填空
大学英语四级考试 CET4选词填空
Passage 3As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. But relaxation is __1__ for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to __2__ it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of __3__ that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such __4__ are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first sight of __5__ difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both physically and __6__. In fact we make choice between “flight or fight” and in more __7__ days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same __8__. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued __9__ to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we cannot __10__ stress from our lives it would be unwise to do so even if we could, we need to find ways to deal with it.Passage 4As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is __1__ for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a __3__ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be __4__, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of thoserequirements is given a value, usually in “points”, which are __5__ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their __6__ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without __7__ to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should __8__ the value of each job with these in the job market. __9__, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done with hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for __10__ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.Passage 5Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian（百姓的）clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform.The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it,without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, o n the job at le a st.Passage 6Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several __1__ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural __2__. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to __3__ to “England” because their inhabitants are not __4__ “English”. They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is __5__ to the others.These cultural minorities(少数民族) have been Britain’s original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to __6__ their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even truer of the __7__ areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the __8__ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots could rather __9__ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic __10__ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the ScottishPassage 8Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can __1__ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on __2__ and gifts from others.A coeducational(男女合校的) school offers children nothing less than a tree version of society in miniature(缩影). Boys and girls are given the 1 to get to know each other, to learn to live together from their earliest years. They are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of 2 ability, athletic achievement and many of the extracurricular activities which are part of school life. What a practical 3 it is (to give just a small example) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! What nonsense coeducation makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girls or vice versa. When 4 , boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. In a coeducational school, everything falls into its 5 place.The greatest contribution of coeducation is 6 the healthy attitude to life it encourages. Boys don’t grow up believing that women are 7 creatures. Girls don’t grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes. Years of living together at school remove illusions of this kind. The awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and 8 problems involved in growing up. These can better be 9 in a coeducational environment. When the time comes for the pupils to leave school, they are fully prepared to 10 society as well-adjusted adults. They have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.Passage 13The anthropologist (人类学家) Clifford Geertz defines culture as a “historically transmitted pattern of meanings embodied in symbols by 1 of which men can communicate, perpetuate and develop their own knowledge about and attitudes towards life.”Why is it important that you 2 about other cultures? There are a number of reasons. Some may do it 3 because they find fascinating the different ways that people think, speak, act, evaluate, and communicate. But let me assume that you are a more pragmatic sort of person, and are 4 in the “cash value” of a course like this — apart, that is, from the grade you will receive at the end of it. What is a class like this good for? Let me make a couple of suggestions on how what you learn in this class may prove 5 to you in the future:Business: Geert Hofstede’s excellent book on culture is 6 not primarily out of academic theory, but out of his study of the practical problems faced by one particular modern corporation (IBM), which exists across national and cultural 7 . In the world we live in, understanding 8 in general and also specific individual cultures in particular can make the difference between success and failure in the global market and economy.Politics and Diplomacy: If your career goal involves anything that relates to international politics and diplomacy, then understanding other cultures is 9 .Neighbors: If none of these previous factors 10 you, then you can just look at this class as a lesson in good neighborliness in the global village.Passage 14A pioneering study into the effects of a mother’s fat intake during pregnancy on her child’s health when he or she grows up is being launched at the University of Southampton.The research will investigate whether the type and amount of fat a mother eats during pregnancy 1 the risk of heart disease, 2 high blood pressure, in her child when he or she reaches adulthood.Although the link between high fat diets and high blood pressure is well known, there has been 3 research into the connection between a woman’s diet and her child’s risk of hypertension (高血压).The study, which is 4 by the British Heart Foundation, is led by Dr Graham Burdge, British Heart Foundation Professor of Cardiovascular Science.The award of this 5 grant is part of a ￡3.5 million boost for heart research in the UK by the British Heart Foundation. The charity’s special grants are made to fund research into the causes, prevention, 6 and treatment of heart disease, the UK’s biggest killer.Dr Burdge says, “The type and amount of fat in our diet has 7 during the past 50 years. Pregnant women 8 the same diet as the rest of us, but we know very little about the 9 of these changes in dietary (饮食的) fat on the development and future health of their children. We hope that the 10 of this study will help to develop recommendations for pregnant women about how much fat they should eat and what types of fat they should avoid.”Passage 15Major retailers and car manufacturers have slashed (削减) their marketing budgets in the six months to October, 2008, as the financial crisis has taken its toll, while supermarkets have __1__advertising spending in a battle to prove that they offer the most ___2__ prices.According to new research undertaken for The Daily Telegraph by Nielsen Media Research, in the six months to September 30, 2008, Marks & Spencer’s advertising spend fell 20.3 pc to ￡25.3 m, __3___ with the same period in 2007.While the retailer has spent heavily on a campaign __4__ celebrities in the past two years, it is understood to be cutting back on celebrity spending in 2009. The retailer is, however, still the UK’s 25th largest spender on advertising, __5__ being at 17th place in the six months to September 30, 2007.Car manufacturers have also significantly ___6__ back on marketing spending, believed to be a result of the financial crisis. According to Nielsen, Ford spent ￡26.6m in the six months to September 30, 2008, down 21pc from the same period last year. Vauxhall also ___7__ spending by 15.6pc in the period to ￡26.5m.For supermarkets, however, a significant increase in advertising spending, it appears, is a ___8___ as they seek to woo (追求) increasingly price __9__ customers. The leading supermarkets have __10__ an aggressive price war in the past six months as consumers have been faced with news of higher food prices.Passage 16Teddy bears have been around since 1902. The teddy bear came to being when President Theodore Roosevelt refused to 1 a black bear held captive by his hunting party. Also worth noting is that President Roosevelt’s refusal to shoot this captive bear became a very popular political cartoon by Cliff Barryman.A Brooklyn shopkeeper was 2 by the cartoon. The shopkeeper then asked President Rosevelt for 3 to name a toy bear “Teddy”. Thus became the creation of the teddy bear.It is also worth 4 that the teddy bear was born in Germany between 1902 and 1903.The first teddy bears did not have cuddly faces or smiles, in fact, the first teddy bears had expressions which could best be described as 5 . Teddy bears were also quite stiff, the 6 arms and legs and soft, plush bodies came much later.Now teddy bears are still the number one item to give babies as their first toy, the prize to win your girl on your first date, and most 7 , the toy of choice for law enforcement to give to children in sad, unsafe situations to help them calm down and feel safe.The market for collectible teddy bears has seen significant 8 in the last several years. A collectible teddy bear is very different than the typical store bought teddy that you might give a child. The industry 9 collectible teddy bears as hard, not floppy, and fully jointed (meaning arms, legs, and head are moveable). The artists however, also determine collectibles. Steiff teddy bears and others have a very high collectible 10 .Passage 17Hungry prehistoric hunters, not climate change, drove elephants to extinction during the Pleistocene era, new research suggests.At least 12 kinds of elephants 1 to roam the African, Eurasian, and American continents. Today, only two 2 of elephants are left in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. One theory for this dramatic demise holds that rapid climate shifts at the end of the most recent major ice age, some 10,000 years ago, 3 vegetation and broke up habitats, causing the death of those unable to adapt to the new conditions. Another 4 blames prehistoric humans, whose improved weapons and hunting techniques allowed them to wipe out whole herds of elephants.To help 5 the debate, archaeologist Todd Surovell of the University of Wyoming, Laramie, and colleagues tested two assumptions. If humans caused the elephant and mammoth extinctions, Surovell reasoned, the timing of the die-offs in 6 regions should match human expansion into those regions. On the contrary, if the extinction was 7 to climate change, elephants should remain in regions 8 colonized by humans and would only begin to die off once climate change occurred.The team tested both theories by analyzing where and when elephants were killed. In all, the study included 41 archaeological sites on five continents. The researchers found that, as humans 9 out of Africa, they left a trail of dead elephants behind them. The creatures disappear from the fossil record of a region once it became colonized by humans. Modern elephants survived in refuges 10 to humans, such as tropical forests, says Surovell.Passage 18There have been claims that warming on Mars and Pluto are proof that the recent warming on Earth is caused by an increase in solar activity, and not by greenhouses gases. But we can say with 1 that, even if Mars, Pluto or any other planets have warmed in recent years, it is not due to 2 in solar activity.The Sun's energy output has not increased since direct 3 began in 1978. If increased solar output really was 4 , we should be seeing warming on all the planets and their moons, not just Mars and Pluto.Our solar system has eight planets, three dwarf planets and quite a few moons with at least a 5 atmosphere, and thus a climate of sorts. Their climates will be 6 by local factors such as orbital variations, changes in reflectance (反射率) and even 7 eruptions, so it would not be surprising if several planets and moons turn out to be warming at any one time.However, given that a year on Mars is 8 two Earth years long, and that a year on Pluto lasts for 248 Earth years, it is rather early to start 9 conclusions about long-term climate trends on the outer bodies of the Solar System.What do we know? Images of Mars suggest that between 1999 and 2005, some of the frozen carbon dioxide that 10 the south polar region turned into gas. This may be the result of the whole planet warming.。
大学英语四级考试选词填空
Passage 1In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages 47 using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be 48 , of course. It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also 49problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50, what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from 51 at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students 52 a common ground in each other’s cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is 53 for the foreign professor. While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university must also 54 certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can 55 . It isn’t always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a 56 where further study is called for. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...Such absent-mindedness may be 47 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 48 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 49 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 50 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 51 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 52 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 53 device.A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 54 could find at aglance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 55 accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 56 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 47 the two to do something for your local 48 ?It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to 49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.50 , a biodegradable (生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 51 to recycle.Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft. and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸盐). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away."We've only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 56 to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time," said one scientist.Blue is the world's favorite color. It is also the color most often 47 with intellect and authority.Most uniforms are blue. In Greek and Roman mythology, blue is the color of sky gods. In the Old Testament, God is 48 by deep blue. Blue and turquoise (青绿色)are represented by the Islamic religion. It is the 49 color in the mosques of the world.Blue symbolizes truth, peace and cooperation. It is the color of the flag of the United Nations and of Europe. As the coolest color of the spectrum, it is the hue mostlikely to have a receding effect. As in the skies and water that 50 us, blue is seen as a peaceful and 51 color. Blue light has seen to 52 blood pressure by calming the nervous system hence relaxing the body and mind. Blue creates large airy spaces. It makes rooms bigger.The wrong shade of blue can be uncomfortable. It can also be cold and sterile(枯燥的)unless 53 with warmer colors.Light and soft blue makes us feel quiet and protected from the bustle(喧闹)and 54 of the day. Blue bedrooms are restful. Blue bath rooms are appropriately watery. Blue 55 depth with greens and reds. Dark blue represents the night making us calm. Its apparently calming effect makes it the perfect tone for the quieter 56 of your living space.Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst ofhigh-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.Passage 6budgets in the six months to October, 2008, as the financial crisis has taken its toll, while supermarkets have 11 advertising spending in a battle to prove that they offer the most 12 prices.According to new research undertaken for The Daily Telegraph by Nielsen Media Research, in the six months to September 30, 2008, Marks & Spencer’s advertising spend fell 20.3pc to ￡25.3m, 13 with the same period in 2007.While the retailer has spent heavily on a campaign 14 celebrities in the past two years, it is understood to be cutting back on celebrity spending in 2009. The retailer is, however, still the UK’s 25th la rgest spender on advertising, 15 being at 17th place in the six months to September 30, 2007.Car manufacturers have also significantly 16 back on marketing spending, believed to be a result of the financial crisis. According to Nielsen, Ford spent ￡26.6m in the six months to September 30, 2008, down 21pc from the same period last year. Vauxhall also 17 spending by 15.6pc in the period to ￡26.5m.For supermarkets, however, a significant increase in advertising spending, it appears, is a 18 as they seek to woo (追求) increasingly price- 19 customers. The leading supermarkets have 20 an aggressive price war in the past six months as consumers have been faced with news of higher food prices.Undoubtedly the globe is getting hotter and hotter. The unavoidable questions are: How much responsibility shall we take for warming, and are we 47 to stop the destruction by limiting our insatiable 48 for natural fuels?It seems that global warming is too _49_ to be worried about, or too unpredictable. The computer_50_ cannot define what the weather is like next week. In cold winter day it might be considered that a little warming would be a fair thing. And doubtlessly: Alarming about_51_ alteration may sound like an environmentalist frightening strategy, aiming to urge humans to walk and keep the world cleaner.However, based on the data collected by scientists, bad news are brought to our living media.From California to the snowy peaks of China, the air is heating up right now, and the globe is being fast warmed, the _52_ has increased by 1 ℉ compared with the past century. In addition, some parts like remote places have been in a much hotter state. The results aren't satisfactory, ice being _53_ , rivers running dry, and coasts being _54_ , threatening villages and cottages.The 55 are gradually occurring without any obvious phenomenon. But they shouldn't slip our mind, because they can pose as a great potential threat to the 56 world.The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 47 you money or can add to the cost. Take the 48 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 49 buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 50 price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive51 to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all。
英语四六级选词填空必背30词
英语四六级选词填空必背30词四级选词填空必背30词1. especiallyadv. 特别; 格外; 尤其; 主要；考试时，这个空前面一般是逗号。
如：Millions of wild flowers colour the valleys, especially in April and May.漫山遍野的野花点缀着山谷，特别是每到四月和五月的时候。
2. averageadj. 一般的; 通常的; 平均的；常考结构：the average …of如：The average age of the students is 19.学生的平均年龄是19岁。
on average 按平均数计算3.challengesn. 挑战；v. 向...挑战, 怀疑, 要求; 挑战, 反对4. consequentlyadv. 结果，必然地，因此这个词场常位于句首，且其后为逗号；或位于and后。
如：This poses a threat to agriculture and the food chain, and consequently to human health.这对农业和食物链都造成了威胁，因此必定会危害人类健康。
5. totaln. 总数, 合计, 全体；adj. 总计的, 全体的常考搭配：in total 总共，共计6. potentialadj. 有潜力的, 潜在的, 可能的常考搭配：the potential for sth. 某事发生的潜在性; 可能性7. maintainv. 维持; 保持; 维修, 保养常与以下词搭配使用：maintain friendly relations, contacts, etc (with sb) （与某人）保持友好关系﹑接触等8. naturallyadv. 自然地, 天生地9. charactersn. 品质，特性；特点；人物；字母，符号或记号10. limitedadj. 有限制的, 少的, 有限的常考搭配：(be of) limited use/value：使用、价值有限11. excessn. 过火，过头，无节制常考搭配：an excess of sth. 过度；过分；过量；过多还考过它的形容词形式，excessive：过分的，过度的；极度的这个词一定要认识哦！有一年作文题目叫on Excessive Package（论过度包装）。
英语四级选词填空练习题及答案
英语四级选词填空练习题及答案英语四级选词填空练习题及答案：There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is,in part,a familiar disease.Since families have similar genes as well as similar environments,familiar diseases could be due to shared genetic influences,to shared environmental factors,or to both.For some years,the role of one environmental factor commonly shared by families,namely dietary salt(i.e.,sodium chloride),has been studied at Brookhaven National Laboratory.These studies suggest that chromic excess salt ingestion can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals.Some individuals,however,and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure.No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments,some salt-fed animals never developed hypertension whereas a few rapidly developed very severe hypertension followed by early death.These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution.By mating is successive generations only those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt ingestion,a resistant strain(the "R" Strain)has been evolved in which consumption of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly.In contrast,by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt,a sensitive strain("S" strain)has also been developed.The availability of these tow strains permits investgations not heretofore possible.They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human prototypes of hypertension.More important,there might be the possibility of developing methods by which genetic susceptibility of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance.Radioactive sodium 22 was an important "tool" in working out the characteristics of the sodium chloride metabolism.1.The study of the effects of salt on high blood pressure was carried out ______.a.as members of the same family tend to use similar amounts of saltb.to explore the long-term use of a sodium based substancec.because it was proven that salt caused high blood pressured.because of the availability of chemically pure salt and its derivatives2.The main difference between "S" and "R" rats is their ______.a.need for sodium 22b.rate of matingc.reaction to saltd.type of blood3.We can infer from the article that sodium 22 can de used to ______.a.control high blood pressureb.cure high blood pressure caused by saltc.tell the "S" rats from the "R" ratsd.determine what a sodium chloride metabolism is like4.The most beneficial results of the research might be ______.a.development of diets free of saltb.an early cure for high blood pressurec.control of genetic agents that cause high blood pressured.the early identification of potential high blood pressure victims5.Which of the statements best relates the main idea of this article?a.When salt is added rats and human beings react similarly.b.The near future will see a cure for high blood pressure.c.The medical field is desperately in need of research.d.A tendency toward high blood pressure may be a hereditary factor.答案：acddd英语四级选词填空练习题及答案：Directions: In this section, there is apassage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bankis identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each itemon Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any ofthe words in the bank more than once.What is itabout Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel1__________ about itafterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food.Were 2__________ with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemicof obesity(肥胖). Perhapsthe3__________ to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continentsearching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasnt eaten but smoked. Thenthere was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouragingmore 4__________ ways of doing it.Theimmigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do meanseating what “real Americans” eat, but our nations food has come to be 5__________ byimports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the countrys most treasuredcooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps itshould come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nationsdefining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at southernlunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even moralitywhether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat forpolitical 6__________But strongopinions have not brought 7__________ . Americans are ambivalent about what theyput in their mouths. We have become 8__________ of our foods, especially as welearn more about what they contain.The 9__________ infood is still prosperous in the American consciousness. Its no coincidence,then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in suchbondage(束缚). Its whatwe eat—and how we 10__________ it with friends, family, and strangers—that helpdefine America as a community today.A. answerB. resultC. shareD. guiltyE. constantF. definedG. vanishH. adaptedI. creativeJ. beliefK. suspiciousL. certaintyM. obsessedN. identifyO. ideals答案：1.E)essence2.H)doubles3.A)components4.K)devices5.O)technique6.F)inspiration7.L)manufacture8.I)solution9.C)standards10.B)advantage。
大学英语四级选词填空7篇
第一篇关于减肥Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss isregular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lowerthe intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, youwill burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.[A] positive [B]additional [C] duration [D]effective [E] shed[F] physical [G] food [H] functions [I]participated [J] rely[K] cut [L] repeatedly [M] uses [N] little [O] obvious47. E 该空需填入动词原形，结合原意“和大多数美国人一梯状，你(的体重)可能也有几磅需要________”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。
CET4选词填空整理30篇
大学英语四级选词填空专项练习Passage 1What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6 But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It’s what we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.A. answerB. resultC. shareD. guiltyE. constantF. definedG. vanishH. adaptedI. creativeJ. beliefK. suspicious L. certainty M. obsessed N. identify O. ideals Passage 2After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll(死亡人数) could have been much worse. More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, and earthquake of similar __1__ that shook America in 1998 claimed 25,000 victims.Injuries and deaths were __2__ less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. On a holid ay, when traffic was light on the city’s highway. In addition, __3__ made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more __4__ to quakes.In the past, making structures quake-resist-ant meant firm yet __5__ materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to __6__ the impact of ground vibrations. The most __7__ designs givebuildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports, called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would __8__ the building to shift in the opposite direction. The new designs should offer even greater __9__ to cities where earthquakes ofen take place.The new smart structures could be very __10__ to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.[A]changes [B]flexible [C]decrease[D]recent[E]push [F]reduce [G]relatively [H]safety [I]resistant[J]expensive [K]force [L]accordingly[M]intensity[N]security [O]opposedPassage 3Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 1 you money or can add to the cost. Take the 2 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 3 buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 4 price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 5 to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you 6 when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 7 in excellent condition, y ou’ll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new 8 , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 9 , or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 10 three items or three estimates.［A］possession ［B］save ［C］best ［D］appliance［E］material ［F］from ［G］simple ［H］with［I］in ［J］element ［K］model［L］item ［M］easy ［N］adopt ［O］reasonable Passage 4There’s no question that the Earth is getting hotter. The real questions are: How much of the warming is our fault, and are we 1 to slow the devastation by controlling our insatiable 2 for fossil fuels?Global warming can seem too 3 to worry about, or too uncertain-something projected by the same computer 4 that often can’t get next week’s weather right. On a raw winter day you might think that a few degrees of warming wouldn’t be such a bad thing anyway. And no doubt about it: Warnings about 5 change can sound like an environmentalist scare tactic, meant to force us out of our cars and restrict our lifestyles.Comforting thoughts, perhaps. Unfortunately, however, the Earth has some discomforting news. From Alaska to the snowy peaks of the Andes the world isheating up right now, and fast. Globally, the 6 is up 1°F over the past century, but some of the coldest, most remote spots have warmed much more. The results aren’t pretty. Ice is 7 , rivers are running dry, and coasts are 8 , threatening communities.The 9 are happening largely out of sight. But they shouldn’t be out of mind, because they are omens of what’s in store for the 10 of the planet.[A]remote [B]techniques [C]consisting [D]rest[E]willing [F]climate [G]skill [H]appetite [I]melting[J]vanishing[K]eroding [L]temperature [M]curiosity[N]changes [O]skillfulPassage 5It seems you always forget—your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping...Such absent-mindedness may be 1 to you; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the 2 sees.The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also 3 the user to "label" items so that information can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain 4 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a 5 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in.It could be used in 6 plants by mechanics looking to identify machine parts or by electricians wiring a 7 device.A spokesman for the project said: "A car mechanic for 8 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could 9 accident black spots or dangers on the road."In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour, 10 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified.[A] allow [B] instance [C] blank [D] industrial [E] frustrating[F] items[G] indicating [H] highlight [I] user [J] complicated[K] white [L] annoying [M] successful[N] articles[O] simplePassage 6For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlist of our main fears: natural resources are 1 out? the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat? species are becoming 2 in vast numbers, and the planet’s air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 3 n ot less so, since the book ‘The Limits to Growth’ was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 4 of the world’s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 5 . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them areexpected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 6 . And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 7 , or are transient –associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution –the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming –does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9 a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 10 and reality.A) pose B) exaggerated C) accelerating D) extinct E) existF) perception G) wealthy H) magnified I) starving J) headK) running L) predicted M) abundant N) conception O) reducing Passage 7EI NIno is name given to the masterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world.This strange ___1_____happens every five to eight years.It starts in the PAacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in ____2____,the ocean comperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5`C.The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects.The hot,humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___3___thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased acrossAounth American ____4____floods to Peru.In the West pacific,there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia.So while some parts of the world perpare for heavy rains and floods,other parts face drought,poor crops and____5____.EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brough the most___6____weather in mordern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____7___of damage.The 1990 EI Nino will ____9___,but they are still not __10___sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.A)estimate B)strength C)deliberately D)notify E)tropicalF)phenomenon G)stable H)attraction I)completely J)destructiveK)starvation L)bringing M)exhaustion N)worth O)strikePassage 8Have you ever known anyone famous? If so, you may have found that they are remarkably similar to the rest of us. You may have even heard them __1__ to people saying there is anything different about them. “I’m really just a normal guy,” __2__ an actor who has recently rocketed into the spotlight. There is, of course, usually a brief period when they actually start to believe they are as great as their __3__ fans suggest. They start to wear __4__ clothes and talk as if everyone should hear what they have to say. This period, however, does not often last long. They fall back toreality as fast as they had __5__ risen above it all. What will it feel like to soar to such __6__ and look down like an eagle from up high on everyone else? And what will it feel like to have flown so high only to __7__ from your dream and realize you; are only human? Some only see the __8__ in losing something they had gained. They often make __9__ attempts to regain what they lost. Often these efforts result in even greater pain. Some become __10__ financially and emotionally. The only real winners are those who are happy to be back on the ground with the rest of us.A) desperate B) disappointing C) cruelty D) bankrupt E) fancyF) protects G) altitude H) similarly I) wake J) contestK) object L) worshipping M) dignity N) originally O) protestsPassage 9When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English .Education soon became a __1__. “I couldn’t understand anything,” he said. He __2__ from his teachers, came home in tears , and thought about dropping out.Then Mrs. Malave , a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his __3__Spanish.“She helped me stay smart while teaching me English ,”he said .Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he __4__ confidence and began to succeed in school.Today, he is a __5__ doctor, runs his own clinic ,and works with several hospitals .Every day ,he uses the language and academic skills he __6__ through bilingual education to treat his patients.Roberto’s story is just one of __7__ success stories. Research has shown that bilingual education is the most __8__ way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students __9__ outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif. , implemented bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are less than half the state average and college __10__ rates of more than 90%.In E1 Paso ,bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nation.A) wonder B) acquired C) consistently D) regained E) nightmareF) native G) acceptance H) effectiveI) hid J) prominent K) decent L) countless M) recalledN) breakthrough O) automaticallyPassage 10As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education __1__. The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the __2__ of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated (提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998.groups of children __3__ as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom __4__ opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with __5__, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step __6__toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are __7__ useful when helping children along the pathto peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and __8__ on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children’s rights and how to help the __9__ of war. Starting a Peacemakers’Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the __10__ school.A) victims B) technology C) role D) respectively E) projectsF) offers G) information H) images I) forward J) especiallyK) entire L) cooperative M) comprehensive N) assuming O) acting【passage1-10答案及详解】Passage 1【全文翻译】美国人如何看待食物呢?我们爱吃，但是过后会觉得内疚。
四级英语选词填空模拟练习附答案
四级英语选词填空模拟练习附答案四级英语选词填空模拟练习：In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages67 using foreign faculty(教师总称)68 teaching positions have to be69 , of course. It can be said that the foreign70 that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also71 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates72 in the laboratory as a means of protection;73 , what he needs is to be fitted 74 a highly organized university system quite different from75 at home. He is faced in his daily work76 differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students77 a common ground in each others cultures, some78 of what is already in the minds of American students is79 for the foreign professor.While helping him to80 himself to his new environment, the university must also81 certain adjustments in order to82 full advantage of what the newcomer can83 . It isnt always known how to make84 use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a85 where further study is called86 . The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty. 选词填空练习题：67. A) with B) for C) of D) at68. A) in B) on C) for D) within69. A) thought B) measured C) balanced D) considered70. A) situation B) circumstances C) background D) condition71. A) carries B) create C) emerges D) solves72. A) himself B) oneself C) him D) one73. A) otherwiseB) moreover C) however D) whatever74. A) into B) by C) to D) with75. A) those B) which C) what D) that76. A) toward B) with C) to D) at77. A) have B) possess C) need D) lack78. A) concept B) feeling C) plan D) intelligence79. A) ordered B) asked C) put D) required80. A) place B) adapt C) put D) direct81. A) remain B) keep C) make D) cause82. A) take B) make C) do D) be83. A) show B) afford C) express D) offer84. A) powerful B) creative C) imaginary D) advanced85. A) scope B) range C) field D) district86. A) on B) for C) upon D) at四级英语选词填空模拟练习答案详解：67. C本题考查搭配关系。
英语四级真题之选词填空
英语四级真题之选词填空英语四级真题之选词填空无论在学习或是工作中，我们都不可避免地会接触到试题，试题是命题者按照一定的考核目的编写出来的.。
还在为找参考试题而苦恼吗？以下是店铺精心整理的英语四级真题之选词填空，希望对大家有所帮助。
英语四级真题之选词填空1Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.For decades, Americans have taken for granted the XXXX development of new technologies. The innovations(创新)XXXX opment during World War II and afterwards were(36)_____ to the prosperity of the nation in the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of(37)_____ society now depend, were possible because the United States then(38)_____ the world in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despite increasing demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science, the(39)_____ of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing.The deeling in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines(science, technology, engineering, andmath.)seems to be(40)_____related to the comparatively weak performance by U.S. schoolchildren on international assessments of math and science. Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. According to the 2005 report of the Business Higher Education Forum, 22 percent of college freshmen must take remediat(补习的)math(41)_____, and less than half of the students who plan to major in science or engineering(42)_____complete a major in those fields.The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills, (43)_____ in mathematics, to power a workforce that can keep the country at the forefront(前言)of innovation and maintain its standard of living. With the(44)_____ performance of American students in math and science has come increased competition from students from other countries that have strongly supported education in these areas. Many more students earn(45)_____ in the STEM disciplines in developing countries than in the United States.A.acceleratingB.actuallyC.closelyD.contemporaryE.coursesF.criticalG.decliningH.degreesI.especiallyJ.futureK.ledL.metM.proceduresN.proportionsO.sphetes英语四级真题之选词填空2In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents (答问卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically”as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese respondents chose providing children with a group experience as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. Sixty-two percent of the more individually oriented (强调个性发展的)Americans listed group experience as one of their top three choices. An emphasis on the importance of the group seen in Japanese early childhood education continues into elementary school education.Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children‘s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.16.We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ________.A) Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parentsB) Japan‘s economic success is a result of its scientific achievementsC) Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instructionD) Japan‘s higher education is superior to theirs17.Most Americans surveyed believe that preschools should also attach importance to ________.A) problem solvingB) group experienceC) parental guidanceD) individually-oriented development18.In Japan‘s preschool education, the focus is on ________.A) preparing children academicallyB) developing children‘s artistic interestsC) tapping children‘s potentialD) shaping children‘s character19.Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to ________.A) broaden children‘s horizonB) cultivate children‘s creativityC) lighten children‘s study loadD) enrich children‘s knowledge20.Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university -based kindergartens?A) They can do better in their future studies.B) They can accumulate more group experience there.C) They can be individually oriented when they grow up.D) They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.英语四级真题之选词填空3Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing worksession in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有复原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems,talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.”[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have th e cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning ener gy in order toovercome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start a gain later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cro pley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and du ring weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but alsoincre ases one’s work efficiency.39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.43. The author has come to see that his problem results froma misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.英语四级真题之选词填空4Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold orflu (流感)may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That‘s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses—flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗), which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although theflu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综合症)， a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.11.According to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will help ________.A) shorten the duration of the illnessB) the patient buy medicine over the counterC) the patient obtain cheaper prescription drugsD) prevent people from catching colds and the flu12.We learn from the passage that ________.A) one doesn‘t need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the fluB) aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the fluC) delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous systemD) over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu13.According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively, ________.A) one should identify the virus which causes itB) one should consult a doctor as soon as possibleC) one should take medicine upon catching the diseaseD) one should remain alert when the disease is spreading14.Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold?A) A stuffy nose.B) A high temperature.C) A sore throat.D) A dry cough15.If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents ________.A) are advised not to give them aspirinB) should watch out for signs of Reye syndromeC) are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccinationD) should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever英语四级真题之选词填空5Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960‘s and 70‘s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly.A study published recently in the journal Nature shows thatair-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic (北极的)snow were declining.In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate (区分)the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990 The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem (生态系统)respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.21.The study published in the journal Nature indicates that ________.A) the Clean Air Act has not produced the desired resultsB) lead deposits in arctic snow are on the increaseC) lead will stay in soil and snow longer than expectedD) the US is the major source of lead pollution in arctic snow22.Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US ________.A) was discouragedB) was enforced by lawC) was prohibited by lawD) was introduced23.How did scientists discover the source of lead pollution in Greenland?A) By analyzing the data published in journals like Nature and Ambio.B) By observing the lead accumulations in different parts of the arctic area.C) By studying the chemical elements of soil and snow in Northeastern America.D) By comparing the chemical compositions of leaded gasoline used in various countries.24.The authors of the Ambio study have found that ________.A) forests get rid of lead pollution faster than expectedB) lead accumulations in forests are more difficult to deal withC) lead deposits are widely distributed in the forests of the USD) the upper layers of soil in forests are easily polluted by lead emissions25.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that scientists ________.A) are puzzled by the mystery of forest pollutionB) feel relieved by the use of unleaded gasolineC) still consider lead pollution a problemD) lack sufficient means to combat lead pollution 下载全文。
大学英语四级选词填空及答案
（一）A.createB.depressedC.eventuallyD.experiencesE.exploringF.exteriorG.habitats H.innovate I.intentionallyJ.investment K.revealing L.stretchesM.stripped N.territory O.victimShips are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs （暗礁）perfect for scuba diving （水肺式潜泳）and preserving marine __26__. Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was __27__ of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane __28__ the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area.The plane __29__ a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will __30__ be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's __31__ Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US $ 100, 000, but they hope to see a return on that __32__ through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the __33__ of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest __34__ sunk aircraft ever.Taking a trip underwater and __35__ the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers a nd experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise （天堂）.（二）A.acquiredB.adaptationsC.brutalD.deliberatelyE.expressedF.extendsG.habitats H.humble I.imageJ.literally K.refined L.revolvesM.speculate N.structure O.thriveJust because t hey can't sing opera or ride a bicycle doesn't mean that animals don't have culture. There's no better example of this than killer whales. As one of the most __26__ predators （食肉动物）, killer whales may not fit the __27__ of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly __28__ behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.The word "culture" comes from the Latin "colere," which __29__ means "to cultivate." In other words, it refers to anything that is __30__ or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic __31__ that help them digest and utilize this fat- rich diet, thereby allowing them to __32__ in their cold climate.Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different __33__ across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet with an empire that __34__ from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey （猎物）. This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to __35__ that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals, genetic development.（三）A.bidB.contrastC.deputyD.dominanceE.fleetsF.knotsG.legislation H.migrated I.replaceJ.represent K.restrictive L.rewardM.significant N.sponsor O.transmittedThe center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has __26__ from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming to life.In a __27__ to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced __28__ that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's __29__ in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to __30__ our leadership in transportation. We can't let that happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead __31__ of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would __32__ a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self- driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set up on-demand __33__ of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In __34__ , California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more __35__ rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.（四）A.climbedB.consumeC.decadeD.determineE.effectiveF.harmfulG.outcomes H.passively I.previouslyJ.resume K.suffered L.surfingM.term N.terminals O.twistingour guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity, It’safter work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TVeach day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting 36 can lead toobesity (肥胖症) and other diseases, r esearchers h ave now quantified just how 37being a couch potato can be.In an analysis of data from eight large 38 published studies, a Harvard-led groupreported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hoursper day spent channel 39 , the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病) rose 20%over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease increased 15% over a 40 , and the odds ofdying prematurely 41 13% during a seven-year follow-up. All of these 42 are linkedto a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary(久坐的) activities,like knitting, viewing TV may be especially 43 at promoting unhealthy habits. Forone, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend onanything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcornmay make you more likely to 44 them.Even so, the authors admit that they didn’t compare different sedentary activities to 45 whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes, heart disease orearly death compared with, say, reading.（五）A.announcingB.beneficialC.challengesmitmentponentF.contestsG.critically H.develop I.distributingJ.enhance K.entitled L.potentialM.properly N.qualified O.retainThe U.S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. Today it is __36___the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative. The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most.“All children are 37 to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income. It is 38 important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full 39 ,” U.S. Secretary of Educa tion40 of our nation's teachers Arne Duncan said. “Despite the excellent work and deepand principals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across our country. We have to do better. Local leaders and educators will 41 their own creative solutions, but we must work together to 42 our focus on how to better recruit, support and 43 effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most.”in improving access to Today’s announcement is another important step forwardquality education, a 44 of President Obama’s year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the 45 of working in high-need schools and how to adapt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.（一）26-35：GMALC FJOIE （二）26-35：CIKJA BOGFM （三）26-35：HAGDI NJEBK （四）36-45：HFILC AGEBD （五）36-45：AKGLD HJOCE。
历年英语四级选词填空高频词汇
历年四级真题选词填空词汇大全【1】result 结果；发生；由…而造成determining 下决心；做出决定involves 包含；涉及；专心于limited 有限的，受限的significant 重要的，有意义的gravely 严肃地，庄重地range 范围；排列complained 抱怨；述说relieved 放心的，解除respect 尊重issue 问题，发行promp ng 暗示，推动，驱使seriously 认真地，严肃地specialize 专门从事magnificent 壮丽的，伟大的【2】vic ms 牺牲者，受害者 forward 前进的，向前的technology 科技especially 尤其的，主要的role 作用，地位en re 全部的respec vely 各自的，各地的coopera ve 合作的projects 工程，项目comprehensive 广泛的，综合的offers 提议，提供assuming 如果informa on 信息ac ng 代理的 images 影响，映像【3】accomplish 完成，达到advanced 先进的，高等的balloon 气球claim 声称；断言constantly 不断地，时常的declare 宣布；声明interview 接见；面试；采访limited 限制，受限的manufacture 制造，生产moments 瞬间，片刻news 新闻reduced 减少的；使变弱regret 后悔，遗憾scary 使人惊慌的totally 完全，整个地【4】abundant 大量的，充足的characters 性格，品质communica ng 传达，表明；通讯completely 完全地，完整地derive 得到，源于diversity 多样化；差异escape 逃跑，逃脱establishing 建立；确定narrow 狭隘的；限制naturally 自然地，合理地personnel 全体员工；人员properly 适当的respect 尊重widen 放宽，加宽【5】closer 靠近的painful 痛苦的daily 每日performance 履行 emo onal 表现强烈情感的 profession 职业 enhance 提高 remarkably 引人注目地 enormous 巨大的 require 要求；需要 especially 尤其地；主要地 sensi ve 敏感的 hinder 阻碍 urge 催促；推进 mission 代表团；使命 【6】 already 早已，已经 analyzed 分析 aspects 方面 characters 性格，特征 contribu ng 贡献的，起作用的 describing 描写；叙述 established 建立 quality 质量 quoted 引述引述 引用 recording 记录 recruited 新兵，新成员，招聘 total总计 unconscious 失去知觉的 【7】accommoda ons 住处 clumsy 笨拙的；复杂难懂的 doub ul 难以预测的 excep ons 例外例外expand 扩张 historic 在历史上重要的、有影响的 incredible 不可思议；惊人的 powering 动力动力protect 保护 reduced 减少的 replace 替换；代替 sense 感觉 shi ed 改变；转移改变；转移 supplying 供给 vast 广阔的；浩瀚的 【8】 abili es 能力，资格 extent 程度；长度 achieve 取得；获得 indicates 表明；象征 appeal 上诉，呼吁 proceeds 收入，收益；行进 complaints 抱怨，委屈 psychological 心理上的；精神上的 contribu on 贡献，捐赠 raised 引起；提高；唤起 displayed 陈列；显示 smart 聪明 essen ally 本质上的 standard 标准 eventually 终于 【9】 alert 警觉，警报 formally 正式的 associated 合作，合伙 func on 功能；职务 a rac ng 吸引 mixed 混合的 cling 附着于 nega ve 消极的消极的con nuing 继续的，连续的 sufficient 足够的足够的definitely 明确的；确切的 tend 倾向 different 不同；不平常 younger 年纪较小的 【10】 stable 稳定的，沉稳的 significant 重要的，有意义的 solu on 解决；答案 role 角色 progress 进步，发展 marvelous 引起惊异的；不可思议的 included 包括包括growth 生长 exactly 精确地；完全地 consist 由…组成 comprise 包含；由…组成 compe ons 竞争 combined 结合的；联合 challenge 挑战；盘问 certainly 无疑的，确切地 【11】 survive 幸存的 formally 正式的 surrounding 环境，周围的 financially 财政上，金融上 serves 服务，招待 domes c 家庭的，佣人 reviewed 复习 compe on 竞争竞争reported 据报告 recession 经济衰减 communi es 社区；社会团体 circling 环骑 household 家庭；家庭的 accumulate 积累 gather 收集 【12】 appealing 吸引人的 occupa on 职业，工作 average 平常的；平均的 occurring 事件 conflict 冲突 posi ons 位置 currently 当前的 primary 首要的 elementary 基本的，元素 recession 经济衰减 ensure 确保 regularly 有规律的 female 女性的 unusual 不平常的 fill 使充满的 【13】 adapt 适应于 prefer 更喜欢；提升 available 可用的 recommending 推荐；劝告； begin 开始 species 物种 concern 涉及；关心 specify 指定；明确提出 criteria （批评，判断）标准，准则 stop 停止；塞往 items 项目 taking 拿na onwide 全国范围 variety 种类的 possible 可能 【14】 conclusive 决定性的 contributes 贡献出，捐赠 derive 得出，导出 expresses 表达；乘快车 fixed 固定的 immensely 极大地 increase 增加 maintain 保持；保养 mission 代表团 par cipate 参加某事 par cular 特别的；详细的 provides 提供；规定 regions 地区，地域 surprisingly 惊人的 switched 开关开关【15】 accident 意外事件 excess 事故 annually 每年 impact 影响 avoided 避开；避免 instances 例子；情况 caused 原因原因 ，引起，引起 modest 谦虚的 considerable 相当大的 revised 经过修订的 develop 开发的开发的slightly 轻微地 documented 备有证明文件的 undertake 承担的 drama cally 戏剧性地 【16】 allowing 允许 maintain 保持 avoidable 可避免的 maximum 最大值的 briefly 短暂地，简要的短暂地，简要的 prevent 预防的 component 成分；零件；组成的 principle 原则；原理 determined 坚定的；决定 provoke 激起，挑起 helping 帮助 seriously 认真严肃 increasingly 越来越多地 topic 主题；话题 lowest 最低的 【17】 average 平均的；平常的 including 包括；包含 basis 基础 monitor 显示屏；班长 common 普通的 reason 理由；原因 consequently 所以；因此 results 结果；发生 detec on 侦查 shared 共享的 developing 发展中的 symbols 象征 distributed 分布式的；分配 symptoms 症状 drama cally 戏剧性的 。
大学英语四级选词填空做题技巧
二、选词填空解题步骤和技巧
二、 选词填空解题步骤和技巧
填空完成后，再次复读全文，自我感觉上下文是否通顺、内在逻辑关系是否连贯。如有问题，也需要谨慎的微作调整。
第四步：复读全文，谨慎调整
01
02
03
04
整理选项 (1分钟)
选词填空 (4分钟)
回顾检查 review (1分钟)
通读全文 (1分钟)
1. 不认识的单词看词缀
2. 认识的单词要注意词性的单一性和多样性 比如：有的词display, concern, challenge做名词 和做动词都很常见.这时两个都要标出来，先标你脑子里第一个出现的词性。
（见后面附表）
二、选词填空解题步骤和技巧
这时怎么办？碰到这种情况，先一律看成是动词，包括非谓语动词，然后，根据是否存在缺-adj的具体情况来决定。
B
1 选词填空 (banked cloze)的形式
一、选词填空题型简介
一、选词填空题型简介
题型
字数
题材
选项特点
完型填空
不低于250个字
社会、科普之类。
四个选项词性相同，词义接近，考生不必思考词性的问题，只需分辨词义即可，相对简单一些。
选词填空
不会超过220个字
社会、科普之类。
选词填空的15个待选词不仅难于完型的四个选项，而且分成名词、动词、形容词、副词四大类。考生必须先确定词性，再结合短文的逻辑做出选择。
总结
做选词填空时，我们先通读文章，了解大意。然后对选项中的单词进行词性辨别。当我们再次回到文章中去时，在文章大意的指引下，根据文章前后的语法关系判断应填入的词性，大大缩小选择范围。当一个空可以填入好几个相同词性的词时，则根据上下文逻辑意义；如果均能说得通时，要注意近义辨析。或留到最后，等范围缩小到最小时再轻松收尾。即传统阅读所说的，首遍不行无所谓，文章看完再收尾。当然，语感在一定程度上会给我们帮助，如果必要的话。
2024年大学四级英语四级选词填空-(多场合应用)
大学四级英语四级选词填空-(多场合应用)大学四级英语四级选词填空一、引言英语四级考试是我国大学英语教学的重要组成部分，旨在检验大学生英语综合运用能力。
选词填空作为四级考试中的常考题型，既考察了学生的词汇量，又考察了学生的语法知识和阅读理解能力。
本文将针对大学四级英语四级选词填空题型进行分析和探讨，以帮助学生提高答题技巧和英语水平。
二、选词填空题型特点1.考察词汇量：选词填空题型要求考生掌握大量的英语词汇，包括名词、动词、形容词、副词等。
考生需要根据句意和语法结构，选择合适的词汇填入空白处。
2.考察语法知识：选词填空题型还涉及到语法知识，如时态、语态、非谓语动词等。
考生需要运用所学的语法知识，判断空白处所需填入的词汇形式。
3.考察阅读理解能力：选词填空题型要求考生在理解文章大意的基础上，准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系，从而选出正确的词汇填入空白处。
三、解题技巧1.词汇积累：考生在日常学习中，要注重词汇的积累，特别是常见的名词、动词、形容词和副词。
可以通过阅读英文文章、背诵单词等方式，不断扩大词汇量。
2.语法知识巩固：考生要熟练掌握英语语法知识，特别是时态、语态、非谓语动词等。
在解题过程中，要善于运用语法知识，判断空白处所需填入的词汇形式。
3.阅读理解能力提升：考生要提高阅读理解能力，要提高阅读速度，要善于抓住文章的主旨和关键信息，要准确把握句子之间的逻辑关系。
4.答题策略：在解题过程中，考生可以先快速浏览全文，了解文章大意。
然后，针对每个空白处，分析句子结构，判断所需填入的词汇词性。
结合句意和语法知识，从备选词汇中选出最佳答案。
四、总结选词填空题型是大学四级英语考试中的重要组成部分，既考察了学生的词汇量，又考察了学生的语法知识和阅读理解能力。
为了在考试中取得好成绩，考生需要注重词汇积累、语法知识巩固和阅读理解能力提升。
同时，掌握解题技巧和答题策略，才能在考试中游刃有余，取得理想的成绩。
一、快速浏览全文，了解文章大意在开始答题之前，先快速浏览全文，了解文章的主题和内容。
英语阅读选词填空四级试题及答案
英语阅读选词填空四级试题及答案英语阅读选词填空四级试题及答案积极的人在每一次忧患中都看到一个机会，而消极的人则在每个机会都看到某种忧患。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语阅读选词填空四级试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Many men and women have long bought into the idea that there are “male” and “female” brains, believing that ex plains just about every difference between the sexes. A new study 26 that belief, questioning whether brains really can be distinguished by gender.In the study, Tel Aviv University researchers 27 for sex differences the entire human brain.And what did they find? Not much. Rather than offer evidence for 28 brains as “male” or “female,” research shows that brains fall into a wide range, with most people falling right in the middle.Daphna Joel, who led the study, said her research found that while there are some gender-based 29 , many different types of brain can’t always be distinguished by gender.While the “average” male and “average” female brainswere 30 different, you couldn’t tell it by looking at individual brain scans. Only a small 31 of people had “all-male” or “all-female” characteristics.Larry Cahill, an American neuroscientist (神经科学家),said the study is an important addition to a growing body of research questioning 32 beliefs about gender and brain function. But he cautioned against concluding from this study that all brains are the same, 33 of gender.“There’s a mountain of evidence 34 the importance of sex influences at all levels of brain function,” he told The Seattle Times.If anything, he said, the study 35 that gender plays a very importan t role in the brain “even when we are not clear exactly how.”A) abnormal I) regardlessB) applied J) searchedC) briefly K) similaritiesD) categorizing L) slightlyE) challenges M) suggestsF) figure N) tastesG) percentage O) traditionalH) proving选词填空答案:性别影响大脑功能26. [E] challenges27. [J] searched28. [D] categorizing29. [K] similarities30. [L] slightly31. [G] percentage32. [O] traditional33. [ I ] regardless34. [H] proving35. [M] suggests【解析】26. 根据简单句的基本句型尝试，此空格处应填入谓语动词，再根据时态和主谓一致原则，此处可填入的备选项为challenges和suggests或tastes，再根据前后文语境锁定答案为challenges，这里的challenge是动词，表“怀疑”。
大学英语四级选词填空题库
第一单元：A. purposesB. secureC. howeverD. convinceE. projectF. failureG. unfamiliarH. furthermoreI. communityJ. appreciateK. expertL. appropriateM. conveyedN. engagedO. assureTo be a successful speaker, it is essential for you to know why you are speaking and what you wish to accomplish by your speech. The four most common 1____A___ of speech are to inform, to convince, to move to action, and to entertain. Do you, like a teacher or a/an 2____K___ in a field, wish to make your ideas clear to people 3____G___ with your subject? Or, like a debater, wish to convince the judges or the audience? Or, like a fund raiser for a naturalist foundation, wish to 4____B___ donations or collect cash? Or like a comedian or an after-dinner speaker, wish to entertain? The language and tone that you use must be 5____L___ for you purpose, for your audience, and for the occasion. A speech to the graduating class will have quite different language, tone, and manner of presentation, for example, from information 6___M____ to a group of your friends.7____H___, no matter how talented the speaker is, a talk without adequate preparation is usually a 8____F___. To speak without preparing is to shoot without taking aim. Decide what your aim or objective is; then state it in a complete topic sentence such as “My purpose is to 9___D___ the class that cats as well as dogs should require licenses in our 10___I____.”Make sure that your subject is definite and not too broad. Then you should write an outline before adding details to it.1. They are busy, often stressed out, and don’t like to wait and they eat, talk, walk, and drive fast.2. If you recognize yourself, you should remember to slow down and take more time for everything.3. They might seem unfriendly and difficult to get along with.4. Someone who is a sweetheart, a team player, or a people person may have a Type B personality.5. People with Type A personality work hard to succeed and to get what they want.6. As the opposite of Type A personality, the Type B personality is easygoing, patient, and friendly.7. We should learn to live in the present and stop worrying about the future.8. People with Type B personality are able to relax and have fun and they live a more balanced life.5-1-3-6-8-41. 许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用。
英语四级选词填空专项习题
英语四级选词填空专项习题英语四级选词填空专项习题为了帮助同学们复习英语四级选词填空题，店铺整理了英语四级选词填空专项习题，希望对大家有所帮助!英语四级选词填空专项习题篇11-10Google Glass critics may now have a reason to be less skeptical.Wearable Intelligence, a San Francisco-based startup, has(1)anenterprise software that uses Google's wearable computer glasses to improvethe day-to-day(2)of service workers.Medical professionals, for example, can use Google Glass to(3)apatient's medical history without referencing traditional charts on a computer, andso diagnose symptoms more(4). Or a construction worker could work withoutever(5)for a building map."It's for the 90% of workers who don't work behind a computer and usetheir hands a lot," explains Erlich, a(6)Google product manager. So far, aboutten organizations have been testing Wearable Intelligence's software with Glass.Wearable Intelligence has(7)over $1 million in seed funding. The startupwill spend the rest of 2014 adding new(8)--say, automatic sign-off after a fewhours--and expanding into other industries, the company says.As Erlich notes, Glass isn't a final product--the consumer version isexpected later in 2014, and wearable technology remains a nascent ( 新兴的' )market. Despite the skeptics, Glass will(9)have a wide variety of applicationsin the future, says Erlich. "It may take some(10)amount of time, but it willhappen."A.accuratelyB.developedC.eventuallyD.featuresE.FormerF.IncreasedG.LeapH.NumerousI.PerformanceJ.QuicklyK.RaisedL.ReachingM.SkimN.SubstanceO.variable英语四级选词填空专项习题篇21-10Men care about their wedding rings, too. That's why California-basedmachinist and designer Jess McWhinney created a(1)of rings for men that hecalls "Active Wedding Rings for Active Men".McWhinney, who has a(2)in bicycle and skateboard design, created aline of titanium ( 钛 ) and stainless steel wedding rings that have a watch-likeclamp ( 钳夹) that makes it easier to take on and off."Why are women(3)to wear their wedding rings, but men aren't?"McWhinney asked Fast Co. Design. "It's not just because men still want to dateother women, although that happens. It's(4)because it doesn't fit well, it'suncomfortable, or it(5)with work or play."According to Fast Co., men tend to buy rings on the bigger side in orderto(6)them over their knuckles ( 指关节 ) . And from $825 to $3,750 "Active"rings solves that problem in(7)."I always think it is(8)that the woman always gets the cool, valuablering, while the guy gets the(9)metal ring," McWhinney told Fast Co. "Butguys don't want a big shiny diamond on their ring. It's just not our thing.What we do want is something that is functional, well made and kind of trick, sowe can(10)it off to our friends."A.advanceB.backgroundC.boringD. collectionE.FitF.FrustratedG.HindersH.InterferesI.NormallyJ.PracticallyK.RarelyL.ShowM.StyleN.UnfairO.Willing英语四级选词填空专项习题篇3Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Eachchoice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can (36) performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on (37) and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters, (38) among educators. But the careful use of small (39) rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements (刺激) indeed(40)inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology."If kids know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively (41) task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it's easy to (42)creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for (43) achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and (44) failing grades.In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, inwhich students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows (45) in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.A) mentalB) promiseC) killD) avoidE) hopeF) especiallyG) aidH) ordinaryI) approvalJ) monetaryK) generallyL) improveM) challengingN) restoreO) excellent【英语四级选词填空专项习题】。
英语四级考试选词填空专练题含答案
英语四级考试选词填空专练题含答案英语四级考试选词填空专练题(一)The American patent system, provided for in the Constitution, was designed to encourage the creation and use of new technology. An inventor would describe the invention, both in writing and with drawings, and __47__ the description with a model to a government official. If the invention was judged to be ___48__ and beneficial, the official would give the inventor a patent. The patent meant that for 14 years the inventor owned the new invention. Inventors could___49__ their ideas to manufacturers or just use them themselves. The government would not ___50__ any other patent for the same idea, and the inventor could ___51__ anyone of using the patented idea with- out paying the owner of the patent for ___52__ to use it.A useful patent meant that the inventor could make a lot of money. In e某change for this gover- nmental protection, the government published the patent __53___ , which had to provide enough information so that other people could understand the invention—thus adding to the general__54_technological knowledge. And at the end of the 14 years, anyone could use the invention for__55__.The idea behind the patent system was twofold: it would increase the amount of technology, by providing a way for people to make money out of new ideas, and it would make new technology widely available, by publicizing ideas that might ___56__ be kept as trade secrets.A) license I ) specifications B) however J ) yield C) accuse K) issue D) submit L) chargeE) convenient M) available F) permission N) otherwise G) enable O) original H) free英语四级考试选词填空专练题答案47.D 此处需要一个动词。
2023年大学生英语四级考试答案(完整版)
2023年大学生英语四级考试答案（完整版）〔作文〕第一套：Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minuites to write an essay on whether technology will make people lay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Addited to technologyNowadays, there has been a heated discussion over whether people are becoming addicted to technology. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that technology is part of our life, but others are concerned that we are too dependent on technology.I agree with the former, and there are two major reasons. Firstly, it is undeniable that people can’t live without technology in the modern society. Things such as our mobile phones, computers, transportation systems are all products of technological development. Secondly, we used to eat at home or restaurants daily, but now online food ordering has become prevalent, especially among full-time workers. The new way of life has brought us much convenience, which is obviously proved during the pandemic in this year.From my perspective, it is crucial that our society should encourage people to embrace the convenience brought byadvanced technologies and use technology in a rational way. Only by doing so can we achieve greater success.作文其次套：Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minuites to write an essay on Do Violent Games Cause Student Violence. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. violence in video gamesNowadays, there has been a heated debate over whether violence depicted in video games can trigger real-world violence. Views on the topic vary greatly. Some believe that video games are harmless, but others are concerned that it might lead to violent behaviors among youngsters.I agree with the latter, and there are two major reasons. Firstly, unlike TV or books, video games are more interactive, thus those who play video games are more likely to be fully engaged, so they probably are unable to tell the difference between the virtual world and the reality. Secondly, children are not as self-disciplined as adults, video games with violence contents can have negative effects on their developing minds. It is possible that they get aggressive in real life. From my perspective, it is crucial that the government should regulate the production and sale of violent video games.What’s more, parents should play an active role in creating a healthy environment for their children. Only by doing so can we ensure the healthy development of children.听力第一套：1.B) Send him to an after-school art class.2.A) Contacted Joe to decorate its dining-room.3.A) Get her pet dog back.4.D) It is offering a big reward to anyone who helps.5.B) Help people connect with each other.6.C) It does not use volunteers7.D)They will find they have something in common8.C) Preparations for Saturdays get-together.9.B) It enables guests to walk around and chat freely.10.A) It offers some big discounts.11.D)Bring his computerand speakers12.D) For convenience at weekends.13.A) They are reliable.14.C) Seek advice from his friend15.B)He can be trusted.16.A) Many escaped from farms and became wild.17.D)They carry a great many diseases.18.C) They fell victim to eagles.19.B) Roast coffee beans in outer space.20.A) They can easily get burned.21.C) They collaborated on building the first space coffee machine.22.B)A race passes through it annually.23.C)It’s tasty fruit pies.24.B) The entire village.25.D) She helped the village to become famous.选词填空第一套:Most animas seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar26.C) crawling27.F)hunt28.E) extreme29.K) species30.G) literally31.M) thick32.J) removed33.N)tiny34.0) unique35.A)adaptings.选词填空其次套:Social isolation poses more health risks than obesity...26.1) implication27.B) appointments A pass一天“29.0) touches28.D) debating30.C) consequences31.L) sparked32.F) friendly33.J) pushing34.N) survey35.K) severely选词填空第三套:Nowadays you cant buy anyhing without then being asked to provide...26.E) experience27. B) commonplace28.J) routinely29.D) desperate30.H) prompted31.I) roughly32.K) shining33.0) wonder34.C) confess35.G) optio信息匹配第一套:What happens when a language has no words for numbers ?36.[E] It is worth stressing that these a numeric people arecognitively (在认知方面)normal，well- adapted to the sur-roundings they have dominated for centuries .37.[H] Compared with other mammals ，ournumericalin-st in cts are not as remarkable as many assume .38.[E] It is worth stressing that these a numeric people arecognitively (在认知方面)normal，well- adapted to the sur-roundings they have dominated for centuries .39.[B] But，ina historical sense ，number- conscious peoplelike us are the unusual ones.40.[K] Research on the language of numbers shows ，moreand more ，thatoneofourspecieskey characteristics istremendous linguistic (语言的)andcognitivediversity.41.[D] This and many other experiments have led to a simpleconclusion：When people do not have number words，theystruggle to make quantitative distinctions that probablyseem natural to someone like you orme.42.[G] None of us，then，is really a“numbersperson .”Weare not born to handle quantitative distinctions skillfully .Ipc43.[A] Numbers do not exist in all cultures .44.[I] So，howdidweever invent“unnatural”numbers inthe first place ?Theansweris，literally， at your fingertips .45.[F] This conclusion is echoed by work with a numeric children in industrialized societies .信息匹配其次套:Science of setbacks:How failure can improve career prospects36.[G]One straightforward reason close losers might outper-form narrow winners is that the two groups have comparable ability.37.[D ]Others in the US have found similar effects with National Institutes of Health early-career fellowships launching narrow winners far ahead of close losers.38.[K]In sports and many areas of life,we think of failures as evidence of something we could have done better.39.[B]One way social scientists have probed the effects of career setbacks is to look at scientists of very similar qualifica-tions.40.[]He said the people who should be paying regard tothe Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money.41.[F]In a study published in. Nature. Communications,North-western University sociologist Dashun Wang tracked more than 1,100 scientists who were on the border between getting a grant and missing out between 1990 and 2023.42.[J] For his part,Wang said that in his own experience, losingdid light a motivating fire.43.[C]A 2023 study published in the Proceedings of the Nation-al Academy of Sciences, for example, followed researchers in the Netherlands.44.[]He said the people who should be paying regard to the Wang paper are the funding agents who distribute government grant money.45.[E]This is bad news for the losers.信息匹配第三套:The start of high school doesn’ t have to be stressful 36.[E]In addition, studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.37.[G]In one recent study, we examined 360 adolescentsbeliefs about the nature of“ smartness- that is, their fixed mindsets about intelligence.38.[J]These findings lead to several possibilities that we are investigating further.39.[C]In the new global economy, students who fail to finish the ninth grade with passing grades in college preparatory coursework are very unlikely to graduate on time and go on to get jobs.40.[H]We also investigated the social side of the high school transition.41.[E]In addition, studies find the first year of high school typically shows one of the greatest increases in depression of any year over the lifespan.42.[D]The consequences of: doing poorly in the ninth grade can impact more than students’ability to find a good job.43.[A]This month, more than 4 million students across the nation will begin high school.44.[l]Experiment results showed that students who were not taught that people can change showed poor stress respons-es45.[F]Given. all that’s riding on having a successful ninth grade experience, it pays to explore what can be done to meet the academic, social and emotional challenges of thetransition to high school.认真阅读第一套：Educators and business leaders have more in common thanit may seem…46.C) They help students acquire the skills needed for their future success .47.A)By blending them with traditional ，stimulating activi-ties.48.B)By playing with things to solve problems on theirown.49.C) Encourage them to make things with hands .50.B) Develop students creative skills with the resources available .Being an information technology ，or IT，worker is nota job l envy.51.B)It does not appeal to him.52.C) Many employees are deeply frustrated by IT53.D) Employees become more confident in their work .54.D) Think about the possible effects on their employees .55.A)By designing systems that suit their needs .认真阅读其次套:Sugar shocked. That describes the reaction of manyAmericans this week following revalations that, ....46.B) They turned public attention away from the health risks of sugar to fat.47.D) Nearly all of them serve the purpose of the funders.48.A) Exercise is more important to good health than diet.49.C) it rarely reuts in objective fndings.50.D) Think twice about new nutrition research findings.51.C) How people viewed success in his father.s time.52.B) It was a way to advance in their career.53.A) They are often regarded as most treasured talents.54.C) What kind of people can contribute more to them.55.D) It will bring about radical economic and social changes.认真阅读第三套:Boredom has become trendy. Studies point to how boredomis good for creativity ...46.A) It facilitates innovative thinking.47.A) A need to be left alone.48.C) It may prevent people from developing a genuine sense of community. .49.B) Reflect on how they relate to others.50.D) Devote themselves to a worthy cause.Can you remember what you ate yesterday? If asked, most people will be...... !51.A) Calorie consumption had fallen drastically over the decades.52.A) People S calorie intake was far from accurately reported.53.B) They overlook the potential causes of obesity. ;54.A) The growing trend of eating out.55. B)Make sure people eat non-fattening food.翻译第一套：普洱(Puer)茶深受中国人宠爱,最好的普洱茶产自云南的西双版纳(Xishuangbanna)，那里的气候和环境为普洱茶树的生长供应了最正确条件。
2022年6月14日大学英语四级选词填空真题及答案(卷1)
》》》》》》2023年整理试题资料，word版欢迎下载《《《《《《2022 年6 月14 日大学英语四级选词填空真题及答案（卷 1）BrazilA nation of non-readersMANY Brazilians cannot read. In 2022, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate. Many simply do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The average Brazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a yea—r less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries, spending 5.2 hours a week with a book. Argentines, their neighbours, ranked 18th.In rare accord, government, businesses and NGOs are all striving in different ways to change this. On March 13th the government launched a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things. The Brazil Reader Institute, an NGO, brings books to people: it has installed lending libraries in two S?o Paulo metro stations, and is planning one in a Carnival samba school. It is starting to be common to see characters in televisionsoap operas shown reading. Cynics note that Globo, the biggest broadcaster, is also a big publisher of books, newspapers and magazines.One discouragement to reading is that books are expensive. At S?o Paulo”s book fair this week, “O Código Da Vinci” was on sale for 32 reais—more than a tenth of the official minimum monthly wage. Most other books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.But Brazilians ”indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the country”s leaders long neglected education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s. Radio was ubiquitous by the 1930s; libraries and bookshops have still not caught up. “The electronic experience came before the written experience,”says Marino Lobello, of the Brazilian Chamber of Books, an industry body.All this means that Brazil”s book market has the biggest growth potential in the western world, reckons Mr Lobello. That notion has attracted foreign publishers, such as Spain”s Prisa-Santillana, which bought a local house last year. American evangelical publishers are eyeing the market for religious books, which outsell fiction in Brazil.But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2022 —289m, including textbooks distributed by the government—than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil”s national library quit after a controversial tenure. He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites had eaten much of the collection. Along with crime and high interest rates, that ought to be a cause for national shame.本文选自2022 年 5 月 16 日的经济学人： Brazil: A nation of non-readers36. N. simply本空所在句不缺其它成分，该空应为副词。
英语四级考试选词填空训练题及答案
英语四级考试选词填空训练题及答案英语四级考试选词填空训练题(一)The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.While elderly people __47__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __48__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __49__ straight through the night.More sleep in old age, however, is __50__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __51__ if they slept for longer periods, he said."The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __52__ well does not change," Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego."It's __53__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __54__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __55__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's__56__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75."A) alertB) associatedC) attractingD) clingE) continuingF) definitelyG) differentH) efficientlyI) formallyJ) functionK) mi某edL) negativeM) sufficientN) tendO) younger英语四级考试选词填空训练题答案47 N tend48 L negative49 H efficiently50 B associated51 A alert52 J function/53 F definitely54 O younger55 E continuing56 G different英语四级考试选词填空训练题(二)As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into thecentre of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children havebeen taking part in peace education 47 . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts,tookon the 48 of peacemakers. The Children's Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated(提名) for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 49 as peacemakers studied humanrights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools inBogotá known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom 50 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 51 ,peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers childrento take a step 52 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to manyonline resources that are 53 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The YoungPeacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and 54 onstarting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centres of Compassion for Children International callattention to children's rights and how to help the55 of war. Starting a Peacemakers' Club is apraiseworthy venture fora class and one that could spread to other classrooms andideallyaffect the culture of the 56 school.A) actingB) assumingC) comprehensiveD) cooperativeE) entireF) especiallyG) forwardH) imagesI) informationJ) offersK) projectsL) respectivelyM) roleN) technologyO) victims英语四级考试选词填空训练题答案47. 【答案】 K)。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• 较难的一个例子：Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a ____ that has changed the target market for many products. (06-12) 这里可以用两种判断方法 来判断横线处所填词的词性。第一种方法，用句子结构来判断，前面一句话，Husbands and children now do some of these jobs，这是一个完整的句子，主语husbands and children，谓语动词DO，宾语Some of these jobs；后面的that引导的是一个同位语从 句，它所修饰的中心词就是a后面需要填的词，而定语从句的中心词是名词，所以横线处 应填一个名词。第二种方 法，根据刚才所说的“a + 名词”的语法规则来判断，横线处应 该填一个名词，而且是一个可数名词的单数形式。正确答案是situation。这句话的意思是 “丈夫和孩子现在也做一些 这样的工作了，这种情况就改变了许多产品的目标市场。”
• 2. 当出现“一个完整的句子 + ，____ + 名词/介词”的结构时，逗号后 边的部分是伴随状语，表示伴随状态或者表示原因，应当填动词加ING形 式或动词加ED形式。当这个动词与句子主语是主动关 系，填动词加ING形 式，当两者是被动关系，填动词加ED形式。
• 举例说明：
• The rainfall is increased across south america, ___ floods to peru. (06-6) 根据独立主格结构原则，应该填动词ing或动词ed，选项中只有 bringing符合要求。从意思来看，bring“带来”与rainfall“降雨”之 间 是主动关系，即“the rainfall brings floods”，所以用bringing无论从 意思上还是结构上都符合要求。
大学英语四级考试选词填空
技巧与实战
主讲
姚军
•四级选词填空主要考的词性 有名词，动词，形容词，副词， 动名词和过去分词。
名词
做主语或宾语。但要注意单 复数形 式来和谓语是否三单匹配。涉及的构 词法包括ness，er，or，ies，等结 尾的词汇。
•通常来说，冠词（如a，an，the）、 形容词、介词后面搭配名词，即 “a/an/the/adj./Prep. + N.”，
• 举例说明：
• The 1982-83 EI nino brought the most _____ weather in modern history. (06-6) the most后面加 形容词，表示形容词的最高级。正确答案是destructive。
副词
• 用来修饰动词或形容词，就是说，句子中主语(名 词或代词)和谓语(动词或系动词)都有的话，很可 能缺它或者形容词，如果形容词也有了，一定缺 它，形容词没有，可能缺它，具体还要联系题意。 一般以LY结尾。
• 1. 当一句话完整的时候，句尾的空往往是副词。 • 举例说明：
• Today, we lake pain _____. （07-6）这句话有主语we，谓语lake， 宾语pain，表达完整的意思，句尾判断应该填副词。正确答案是seriously。
• 2. 当一句话出现“主语 + ___ + 谓语”的情况时，横线处通常填副词。 • 举例说明：
• In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students ____ outperform their peers in monolingual programs.主语是students，谓语是outperform， 两者之间通常填副词。正确答案是consistently。
形容词
•涉及的构词法有ful，ed，tive， able,ible,ant,ent,ical,ish等结 尾的形容词可能性。
以下情况，空白处为形容词
1 adj. N. N. Adj. 空白前后是名词 2 adv. Adj. 空白前是副词 3 link v./Be adj. Be动或系动后考虑形容词 做表语
• 3. 横线处如果填谓语动词，往往与上下半句的谓语动词时态 一致。
• 举例说明：
• In particular, when older patients ___ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it. (07-6) 上半句when的从句里有主 语patients但没有谓语，因此横线处填谓语动词。下半句的谓语 动词为were和would都是一般过去时，因此横线里填 一个一般 过去时的谓语动词。正确答案是complaie a _____. 冠词a后面加可数名词的单数形式， 正确答案是nightmare，这句话的意思是“教育很快成了一种噩梦。”
• As the trade winds lessen in _____, the ocean temperatures rise causing the peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 5 degrees. (06-6) 介词in后面加名词，正确答案是strength，这 句话的意思是“当信风强度减弱的时候，海洋温度上升，导致从东部流入 的秘鲁洋流上升了5摄氏度之 多。”
现在分词
•ING，ED结尾的
以下情况，空白处为分词
•
过去分词： 1has/have/had p.P(完成时态) 2be p.P(被动语态) 3p.P n.或 n. P.P(过去分词做形容词，表示被动或已发生) 现在分词： 1be -ing(进行时态) 2-ing n.或n.-Ing(现在分词做形容词，表示主动或正在进行) 3prep. –Ing(介词宾语)
• That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who ___ in pain medicine. (07-6) 在这句话里，who___ in pain medicine是 physicians的定语从句，这个定语从句的主语是who，后面也没有跟动词作谓语，而 是直接出现了一个介词短语in pain medicine，因此横线上应该填一个动词，而 physicians是复数，这就决定了who也是复数，这样横线所填的动词应该与主语性数 搭配一致。正 确答案是specialize，这句话的意思是“这就是为什么，越来越多的医 院现在都依赖上了止痛药配给专家。”
动词
•做谓语。根据是否三单或 时态来匹配。
动词的考点很多，我们来看其中三种：
•
1. 主语后缺谓语动词。
• 举例说明：
• He ____ from his teachers, came home in tears and thought about dropping out. 在这句话里，主语是he，本来后面应该有一个动词作谓语，但是这里 没有动词，而是在横线后面出现了一个介词短语from his teachers，这样这句话就缺 少谓语动词，所以横线上应该填一个动词。正确答案是hid，这句话的意思是“他不 愿见老师，哭着回家，想要退学。”
•Conversely， “cycle to work” days have done their job by （creating） pollution lows。 （201806）
真题演练
• 答案解析： • 26. O：句子少谓语，tend to do 有做某事倾向，通常如何。 • 27. M：in a review of 回顾，固定搭配。 • 28. L：前形容词，后需名词，意思是学业表现，学习成绩。 • 29. K：该句看似不缺成分，因此选副词，意思是尤其、特别地。 • 30. N：to do 构成不定式，意思是学校在较小的预算中努力生存。 • 31. E：with ... doing 根据后文意思，这里选择“降低、减少”含义的词语。 • 32. J：副词，彼此地，互相地。 • 33. H：improve blood flow to 促进血液流向 • 34. F：必不可少的 • 35. I：空前为动词，该处为名词，改善情绪。