全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)核心词汇全突破【核心释义+例句搭配+巧记速记】Word List 1
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)核心词汇全突破【核心释义+例句搭配+巧记速记】Word List 1
Word List1shed[ʃed]vt.流出；发散；摆脱‖n.棚；车库；小屋【例句】The girl sheds happiness on people around her.那女孩给周围的人带来很多快乐。
【搭配】shed light on阐明；使……清楚地显出【派生】shedding n.脱落；蜕落adequate['ædɪkwət]adj.适当的；充分的，足够的【例句】California health officials say one sixth of the state residents have no access to adequate health care.加利福尼亚卫生部门官员称，六分之一的居民无法享有足够的医疗保健福利。
（2007年初赛）【搭配】adequate for胜任……的；对……是足够的；适合……的credible['kredɪbl]adj.可信的，可靠的【例句】It is hardly credible that she has grown so tall in one year.她在一年内长那么高令人难以相信。
【派生】incredible adj.难以置信的statistic[stə'tɪstɪk]n.统计量，数据‖adj.统计的，统计学的【例句】The main problem lies with your analysis of the statistics.主要的问题在于你对数据的分析。
（2011年决赛）benign[bɪ'naɪn]adj.和蔼的，慈祥的；（指气候）温和的，宜人的；（肿瘤等）良性的【例句】①She normally acts as a more benign audience.她通常充当的是一个善良的听众。
②They enjoyed this especially benign climate.他们喜欢这个特别温和的气候。
大学生英语竞赛C类词汇
竞赛备考词汇表abbreviation 节略，缩写，缩短abide vi 遵守，vt 忍受absent 不在意的abolish vt 废除，取消abstract a理论上的，n抽象 accessory 同谋a 附属的accord 调和，符合，协议acknowledge vt 承认，告知收到acquaint vt 使认识，使了解adhere vi 黏附，追随，坚持adjoin vt 贴近，毗连，靠近adjustable a. 可调整的，可校准的administration n 局（或署、处等）admiration n 钦佩，赞美，羡慕adoption n 收养，采纳，采取advantageous a 有利的，有助于advertise vt 通知，vi登广告advocate n 辩护者，vt 拥护aerial a 空气的，航空的aerospace n 航空和宇宙航行空间affirm vt 断言，批准，证实 agitation n 鼓动，煽动，搅动agreeable 惬意的，同意的 alas int 唉，哎呀album粘贴簿，相册，文选 alert 警惕的，活跃的 algebra 代数学alien a 外国的，外国人alignment 队列，结盟，联合allied 联合的，联姻的allowance n 津贴，补助费alongside prep. 在……旁边ally n 盟国，同盟者，伙伴alternation n 变更，改变alternate vt 使交替，a 交替的amateur 业余的，业余爱好者ambassador 大使，使节ambient 周围的，包围着的ambiguous 模棱两可的，分歧的ambitious a 有雄心的，热望的ample 足够的，宽敞的amplitude 广大，充足，振幅，amusement 娱乐，消遣，乐趣analogue 类似物，同源语analogy n 相似，类似，比拟analytical a 分析的，分解的anniversary n 周年纪念日announce vt 报告……的来到annually ad 年年，每年anode n 阳极，正极answer vi 符合，适合Antarctic 南极的，n 南极区antenna 触角，天线antique a 古代的 n 古物anybody n 重要人物apparent 显然的appendix n 附录，附属物，阑尾applaud vt 喝彩，欢呼，vi 欢呼applause n 喝彩，夸奖，称赞appreciable a 可估价的，可察觉的appreciation n 欣赏，鉴别，感激apt a 恰当的，聪明的arc 弧，弓形物，弧光arch 拱门，v 用拱连接architect 建筑师，创造者Arctic 北极的，北极array vt 装扮，n 队列，排列ascend vi 攀登，登高，追溯ascertain vt 查明，确定，弄清ascribe vt 把……归于ashore ad 在岸上，上岸ass 驴，傻瓜，蠢笨的人assassinate vt 暗杀，行刺，中伤assault vt 袭击，殴打，攻击2assert vt 断言，宣称，维护assessment n 估定，查定，估计数assumption n 采取，假定，傲慢astonishment 惊奇，惊讶astronomy 天文学 atom 微粒，微量attachment 连接物，附件，爱慕attendance n 到场，出席人数attendant n 侍者，护理人员attorney 代理人，辩护律师audience 观众，正式会见，拜会author 创造者，创始人automate vt 使自动化avail vt 有益于，n 效用availability n 有效性，可得性aviation n 飞行awake vi 认识到awful a 威严的，令人崇敬的awkward a 不雅观的，笨拙的axial a 轴的，轴向的axis n 轴，轴线axle 轮轴，车轴，心棒baby 孩子气的人bachelor 未婚男子，学士 bacon 咸猪肉，熏猪肉bacterium n 细菌，拳击迷 badge n 徽章，像章，标志baffle vt 使挫折，n 迷惑bait n 饵，引诱物balcony n 阳台，楼厅，楼座 bald a 秃头的，无毛的bandage 绷带，包带bandit 土匪，盗窃，歹徒 bankrupt a 破产的 vt 使破产banquet n 宴会，盛会，酒席barely ad 仅仅，勉强barge n 驳船，大型游船barley 大麦Barometer 气压计，晴雨表Baron 男爵，贵族，巨商 barren 贫瘠的，不孕的basin 内海，盆地，流域battery n 炮兵连，兵器群battle vi 战斗，vt 与……作战bazaar n 集市，廉价商店bead n 有孔小珠，露珠beam vi 发光，发热，微笑 bearing n 支承，忍受，方位beetle n 甲虫，近视眼的人 beforehand ad 预先，提前地bend vt 使屈从，vi 屈从bestow vt 把……赠与between 当中，中间beware vv 谨防，当心bewilder vt 迷惑，把……弄糊涂bid vt 命令，vi 报价bishop 主教bitterness 苦味，辛酸，苦难blacksmith 铁匠，锻工blast n 管乐器的声音blaze vt 使燃烧，vi 燃烧bleach vt 漂白，vi 变白blind n 百叶窗，窗帘，窗帘block 阻塞，障碍物，炮闩blonde 白肤金发碧眼人blouse 女衬衫，童衫，罩衫blue 伤心的，下流的blunder vi 犯大错，n 大错blush vi 脸红，害臊，n 脸红board vt （收费）供……膳食body 物体，液体，实质boiler 锅炉，热水贮槽bore 讨厌的人，麻烦事bound 应当的，必定的bourgeois 资产阶级的，平庸的box n 专席boycott vt&n 联合抵制brace n 支柱，vt 拉紧，撑牢3brand vt 在……上打烙印breakdown n 崩溃，倒塌，失败breakfast 吃早餐breed 动物品种Bridge vt 架桥于，用桥连接bridle n 笼子，束缚，vt 抑制brightness n 明亮，辉煌，聪明broaden vv 放宽，变阔bronze 青铜色brood vt 沉思，vi 郁闭地沉思Buddhism n 佛教，释教budget n 预算，预算案；vv 做预算buffalo n 水牛，水陆坦克bug n 虫子，臭虫bugle n 军号，喇叭bulletin n 告示，公告，公报bump vt 撞击，vi 撞 n 肿块bureaucracy 官僚主义，官僚机构burglar n 夜盗，盗窃burial n安葬,埋葬，埋藏burner 灯头，煤气头bushel 蒲式耳（容量单位）butt n 大酒桶，桶buzz vi （蜂等）嗡嗡叫bypass n 旁通管vt 绕过by-product n副产品cable n 海底电报calibration 校准，标定，刻度can vt 装罐头cane 茎，手杖cancel vt删去，勾销，取消capability n 能力，才能，性能capacitance n 电容，电容量capacitor n 电容器cape 披肩，斗篷，海角captive a 被俘虏的，被迷住的，n 俘虏carry vt 刊登cartoon n 漫画，动画片cartridge 弹药筒，子弹，软片catalogue vt 为……编目录catalyst n 催化剂，刺激因素category 种类，类目，范畴cater vi 迎合，投合catholic a 天主教的，n 天主教徒caution n 小心，告诫，vt 警告cautious a 小心的，谨慎的cavity n 洞，穴，空腔cement vt 黏结，vi 黏紧censor vt 审查，检查cereal n 谷类，五谷，禾谷certainty n 确定性，确信，确实challenge n 艰巨任务，要求回避champion 斗士，提倡者characterize vt 表示……的特性charcoal 炭，木炭；生物炭 charge n 负荷，充电，vt 装满charm n 魅力，妩媚，vi迷人charter vt 租n 宪章，契据 chatter vi&n 喋喋不休cheat n 欺诈，骗取check 支票，账单cherish vt 珍爱；怀有（感情） chestnut n栗子，栗树，栗色chill vi 感到寒冷，冷淬chip 薄片，碎片choice 入选者a 优等的chop 一块排骨，肉块chord 乐器的弦，vi 协调chorus vv 合唱Christ 救世主耶稣基督Christian a 基督教的，n 基督教徒cigar n 雪茄烟，叶卷烟circular n 传单，通报，通函circulation n 循环，（货币等）流通circus 马戏，马戏团cite vt 引用，引证，举例civilian 平民a 平民的clamp 夹子 vt 夹住，夹紧4Clap 拍手喝彩声clash vv 使发出碰撞声；猛撞clasp vt 扣住，扣紧，钩住classic 名著，a 不朽的clatter 咔哒声clearing 深林中的空旷地client 顾客，诉讼委托人climax n (兴趣的)顶点cling vi 粘住，依附，坚持clinic 诊所，医务室，会诊clip vt 夹住，剪，剪辑报刊n 夹子，钳子cloak vt 掩盖，覆盖，掩饰clockwise a&ad 顺时针方向转的cloudy a 浑浊的；模糊不清的clown n (马戏的)小丑，丑角cluster n 一串，vt 使成群clutch vt 抓住vi 掌握，攫n 离合器coach vt 辅导，指导，训练 n 教练cock n 旋塞，开关，龙头coefficient n 协同因素，系数，率coffin 棺材，柩coherent 黏着的，紧凑的coincide vi 相符合，相巧合Coke n 焦炭，vv 使成焦炭collaborate vi 协作，合作，协调colonial 殖民地的，殖民的colonist n 移民，殖民地居民combat vt 跟……战斗，vi 格斗combustion 燃烧，氧化，骚动comedy 喜剧，喜剧场面commence vt 开始，vi 获得commend vt 称赞，表扬，推荐commission 委托，委任，委托状commodity n 日用品，商品，物品 commonplace a 平凡的n 平常话commonsense a 有常识的commonwealth n 共和国，联邦compact a 紧凑的 vt 使紧凑comparable 可比较的，类似的compatible 一致的，兼容的 compensate vv 补偿，赔偿compensation n补偿，赔偿，赔偿费competitive n竞争的，比赛的competitor n 竞争者，敌手complaint 疾病，痛病，主诉complement vt 补充 n 补足物completion n 完成，结束complexity n复杂性complication n 复杂，混乱，并发症compliment n问候，vt 赞美，祝贺comply vi 应允，遵照，照做composer n作曲家，调停人composite a 合成的；n 合成物composition n 组成，构成，结构comprehend vt 了解，理解，领会compression 压缩，压紧，浓缩compulsory 强迫的，义务的conceit 自负，自高自大conceive vt 设想，以为，怀孕concentrate vv 浓缩，提浓conception n 概念，观念，想法concert n 一齐，一致，协作concession n让步，迁就confidential a 秘密的，亲信的confidence 私房话，秘密，XXconfirmation 证实，确定，确认conform vt 使遵守，vi 一致confront vt 使面对，使对证conqueror n征服者，胜利者consciousness 意识，知觉，觉悟consequence 重要性，重大意义consequent a 作为结果的，必然的conservative 有保存力的，防腐的consistent 前后一致的，连贯的console 悬臂，肘托，控制台，vt 安慰consolidation 巩固，合并constitution 体格，素质constitute vt 构成，组成5constituent 形成的，n 选民constraint n 强迫，约束，强制力construction 结构，作图consul n领事consumer n 消费者，用户consumption 消费量，灭绝contend vi 竞争，vt 坚决主张continental 大陆的，大陆性的contradict vt 反驳，否认contrary 反对命题contrast vt 使对比，vi 形成对比controversy 争论，辩论，争吵convention 公约，换俘等协定convert vt 转变，改变，变换convey vt 传达，传播，转让 conviction 确信，信服，深信cooperation 合作cooperative 合作的，n 合作社coordinate a同等的，n同等人correctly ad 正确地，恰当地correlation 相互关系，关联correspondence 通信，符合，对应corrosion 腐蚀，侵蚀，锈corrupt vt 贿赂，a 腐败的cosmic 宇宙的，广大无边的cosmos 宇宙，秩序，和谐couch 睡椅，长沙发椅counsel 商议，忠告，律师count 起诉理由，罪状counter a&ad 相反的（地）courageous 勇敢的，无畏的courteous 有礼貌的，谦恭的courtesy n 礼貌，谦恭，请安coward 懦弱的，胆小的crab 蟹，蟹肉vi 捕蟹crack vi &vt 发出爆裂声cradle 摇篮，发源地 craft 技巧crank 曲柄，vi 转动曲柄crash vi 撞坏，摔坏，砸坏n 撞车事故credit vt&n 相信，信任crisis 危机，转折点crisp 脆的，卷曲的criterion 标准，准则，尺度crooked 弯的，歪的，畸形的cross 易怒的，杂交的，vt 横过cruelty 残酷，残酷行为cruise vi 巡航，vt 巡航于……cubic 立方体的，立方的cuckoo 杜鹃，布谷鸟curly 卷曲的，有卷毛的currently ad 普遍地，当前custom 海关，关税customary 通常的，照惯例的cutter 用于切割的器械cylinder 圆筒，柱面，气缸damn vt诅咒 n 诅咒，丝毫datum 资料，数据，已知数dazzle vt&vi 炫耀，迷惑deafen vt 使聋，使隔音deal vi 做买卖，对付n 协议，交易dean 院长，系主任decay vt 使腐朽，使腐烂decidedly 明确地，坚决地decimal 小数的，十进制的decisive 决定性的，果断的declaration 宣布，宣言，申诉decline vt 下倾，偏斜，衰退decompose vt&vi 腐败，分解decorative 装饰的，可做装饰的decree 法令，政令，教令dedicated vt 奉献，献身deem vt 认为，相信，vi 想deepen vt 加浓default vi 不履行，缺席deficient 缺乏的，欠缺的define vt 规定，立界限deflect vt&vi 使偏斜6deflection 偏斜，歪斜，偏差deformation 损坏，变形，畸形deform vt 损坏……的形状defy vt 向……挑战，蔑视degradation 降级，退化，衰变degrade 使降低，使堕落delegate n 代表，委员，特派员，vt 授权deliberate 深思熟虑的，审慎的 v 仔细考虑deliberately ad 审慎地，故意地denial 否定，拒绝相信denote vt 指示，意味着denounce vt 谴责，声讨，告发dependant n 受赡养者，侍从deposit n押金，寄存物deposition n免职，罢免，口供depression 消沉，不景气萧条期deprive vt 夺去，使人失去deputy 代理人，a 副的derivation 引出，起源，衍生descendant 子孙，后裔，弟子descent 下降，出身，斜坡 desert vt 遗弃，擅离职守designate vt 指出，指示，指定desolate 荒芜的，孤独的 dessert 甜点心destine vt 命定，注定，预定destructive 破坏性的，危害的detach vt分开，派遣军队 detail 琐碎，小事detain vt 耽搁，扣押，拘留detective n侦探，密探detector 发觉者，探测器develop vt 使颜色等显现deviate vt 使背离，偏离deviation 背离，偏离，偏差数devotion n 献身，热诚，专心devour vt 吞食，吞灭，毁灭 diagnose vt 诊断dictator 独裁者，专政者diesel 柴油发动机，内燃机 difficult 难以满足的dignity 尊贵，举止庄严diminish vt 减少，减小，递减dine vi 吃饭，vt 宴请dioxide 二氧化物diploma 毕业文凭，学位证书diplomatic 外交的，有策略的directory XX地址录，董事会disagreement n 不一致，争论disappearance 消灭，消散，失踪disastrous 灾难性的，悲惨的discern vt 看出，辨出，辨别discount n 折扣，打折扣卖discourse n讲话，演说，讲道discrimination n辨别，识别力，歧视disgrace n失宠，耻辱，丢脸disillusion n 觉醒，vt 使觉醒dismay n惊慌，沮丧，灰心dismiss vt 去除，消除disorder n 疾病，小病dispatch vt 派遣，调度disperse vt 使分散，驱散 n 急件displace vt 移置，取代，置换disregard vt 不管，不顾dissatisfaction 不满，不平dissipate vt 驱散，浪费vi 消散dissolve vt 解除（婚约等）distinct a 独特的distinctly ad 显然，清楚地distinguish vt 使显出特色，使杰出distortion n 弄歪，歪曲，畸变disturbance n 动乱，干扰，侵犯diverge vi 分岔，分歧diversion n 转移，改道，娱乐divert vt使转向，vi转移divine a神的，敬神的dizzy a头晕眼花的，眩晕的7dock vt 把……引入船坞doctrine n 教义，主义，学说documentary a纪录的，文献的dome n 圆屋顶，拱顶domestic 养在家里的dominant 统治的，n主因dominate vt 统治，支配，控制doom 命运，毁灭，vt 注定doubtless ad 无疑地，很可能dove 鸽子，斑鸠drain vi （水等）流掉drainage 排水，下水道drama 戏剧性事件，戏剧性drastic 激烈的，严厉的drawback 退款，妨碍，弊端dreadful 可怕的，令人敬畏的duke 公爵，君主 v 打架dry 干巴巴的，枯燥的duplicate n 复制品，vt 复制dust 垃圾，灰烬dwarf 矮子，侏儒dwell n 居住vi 凝思，细想dynamic a机能上的dynamo 发电机ear 稻麦等的穗earthenware 陶器eastward a&ad 向东的，向东Eclipse 日月食vt遮住……的光ecology 生态学，个体生态学economically ad 节约地，在经济上editorial 社论，期刊的社论 eject vt 逐出，排斥，喷射 elapse vi 时间过去，消逝elbow vt 用肘挤，挤进electrode 电极electrician 电工，电气技师 elevate vt提高，抬高elevation 高度，标高，隆肿 elliptical 椭圆的，省略的eloquence 雄辩，口才，修辞embarrass 大使馆，大使的职务embody vt 体现，包括，收录embrace vt 包括，包含，包围embroidery 绣花，刺绣，綉制品emerge vi浮现，出现，显露empirical 经验主义emission 散发，传播，发出物enchant vt 迷住，用魔法迷惑enclosure 围绕，围场，围栏end 目标，目的endanger vt 危害，危与endeavor vi&n 努力，尽力 endow vt 资助，赋予，授予endurance 耐久力，持久力 energetic 积极的，精力旺盛的energize vt 给与……能量，电压engage vt 使齿轮契合engagement 婚约，约会，债务enhance vt提高，增加，夸张enlighten vt 启发，开导，启蒙enrich vt 使富裕，使丰富enroll vt 登记，招收；vi 参军enterprise 艰巨的事业，事业心entertainment 招待，招待会entitle vt 把……称作entreat vv 恳求 entry 通道，条目environmental 环境的，环境产生的epoch 新时代，历元equation 平衡，平均，反应式equator 赤道，天球赤道equilibrium 平衡，均衡，均衡论equivalent 等面积的，等体积的erect 竖起的，vt 使……直立erosion 腐蚀，侵蚀，糜烂errand 差使，差事escort vt &n 护卫，护送essence 本质，本体，精华8essential 特发的，自发的estate 房地产，财产eternal 永久的，不朽的evaporate vt 使脱水，vi 发散蒸汽even 同一日期的evenly 一致地，平静地everlasting 永久的，持久的evil 邪恶，罪恶，祸害evolution 开方，天体的形成excel vt 胜过，vi杰出except vt 除去exceptional 例外的，优越的excess 过度行为excessively 过分，极端地exclamation 呼喊，惊叫，感叹exclusive 除外的，孤傲的excursion 离题excuse vt 与……辩解，使免除execution 实行，执行，处死刑executive 总经理，董事exemplify vt 举例论证exert vt 发挥威力，施加exile vt 流放，n 被流放者expenditure 时间等支出，消费expel vt 驱逐，开除，排出expire vi 满期，到期，断气explicit a 明晰的，直率的exploration 考察，勘探exposition 说明，解释，陈列extinct 绝种的，熄灭了的extinguish vt 熄灭，扑灭extract vt 取出，榨取n 摘录extravagant 奢侈的，过度的extraordinarily 非常地，特别地extreme 极端不同的性质fabricate vt 制作，组合，捏造fabrication n 制作，构成，捏造facilitate vt 使容易，助长faction n 派别，宗派，小集团fair 美丽的fake 假货，赝品n假的fall vi 变成，成为，陷于fantastic 空想的，奇异的fascinate vt 迷住，vi 迷人fasteners 扣件，纽扣Faultless 无过失的，无缺点的fearless 无畏的，大胆的feel vi摸起来fell vt 砍倒树等，砍伐fellowship 伙伴关系，联谊会feminine 女性的，女子气的 fence 击剑术，vi击剑ferrous 铁的，亚铁的ferry 渡船，渡口vt 运送fertile 创造力丰富的fighter 斗争者，战斗机filament 细丝，长丝，灯丝 fill 担任职务，填补filter vi 滤过Filth 污秽，污物，淫猥finance vt 提供资金finelyad精细地，美好地finite a有限的，有尽的fireplace n壁炉firmness n坚固，坚定，稳固first-rate a第一流的，优秀的fission n裂开，分裂生殖fitness n适当，恰当，健康 fitting a 适当的，n配合fixture 固定，定期存款flake 片，薄片，肌膈flame 发火焰，点燃 flank 侧面，肋腹flannel 法兰绒，法兰绒衣服 flap vt&n拍打，vi 拍动flask 瓶，火药筒，砂箱flavour vt 给……调味，n 滋味，味道 flaw 缺点，瑕疵，裂隙9flee vi 逃走，vt 逃避flexible 灵活的，可变通的flight 溃退，逃跑，外流fling vv 用力扔，抛float 漂浮物，浮标，木筏 flock vi 群集，聚集fluctuation 波动，脉动，踌躇flush 兴奋，脸红，发烧 flutter vi 振翼，飘动flux 流，涨潮，流量fly v 飞跑，逃跑，消失foam 泡沫，泡沫塑料follow vt 从事职业，经营follower 契据的附面，从动作footpath 小路，人行道foreign 无关的forge vt 打铁等，锻造formal 形态的，规范的formerly 以前，从前formidable 可怕的，难对付的formulation 明确的表达formulate vt 用公式表示forsake vt 遗弃，抛弃，摒绝fort 要塞，堡垒forthcoming 即将到来的，现有的fortress 堡垒，要塞 forum 论坛，讨论会forward 向前，将来vt 转递fossil 化石，化石的foster vt 养育，抚养，培养foul 肮脏的，丑恶的fowl n 家禽，禽肉fraction 分数，分馏的部分fracture n破裂，裂痕vi 破裂fragile 脆的，体质弱的frail 脆弱的，意志薄弱的framework 机构，组织，体制freight 运费，货运，负担frequency 频繁，屡次，频率frequent 常见的，频繁的 vt 时常出入于娱乐场所freshen vt 使显得新鲜fret vv 使烦恼friction 擦热皮肤fright 惊吓，恐怖frightful 可怕的，讨厌的fringe 穗，毛边，边缘fro ad 往，去，回，向后frock 女上衣，罩衫frustrate vt 挫败，使无效furious 狂暴的，强烈的further vt 增进fury 狂怒，暴怒，猛烈fuse 保险丝，导火线fuss 忙乱，吹捧vi 忙乱gamble 赌博vt 冒……的险gangster 匪徒gap 差距，山口garage 汽车修理站；飞机库garment 衣服，服装，衣着gather vt 推测，推断gathering 集会，聚会gear 齿轮，传动装置generalization 一般化，概括，综合generalize vt 概括出，vi形成概念generate vt 发生，产生，生成generosity 慷慨，宽宏大量geographical 地理的，地区的geology 地质学，某地地质geometrical 几何学的germ 细菌，病原菌，幼芽gesture vi 讲话时等做手势，手势gigantic 巨大的，巨人似的ginger 姜，生姜gleam 微光，vi 发微光glider 滑翔机glorify vt 赞美上帝，颂扬glossary 词汇表，术语汇编10glue vt 粘牢，胶水gnaw vt 啃，咬断，vigoddess 女神，绝世美女，善良，善行，美德gorilla 大猩猩，暴徒gorgeous 绚丽的，极好的gossip 闲谈，碎嘴子，随笔 govern vt 决定，支配，控制gracious 谦和的gradient 斜披，a 倾斜的gramophone 留声机granite 花岗岩，花岗石grant 授予物，拨款graphite 石墨，石墨电极grasshopper 蚱蜢，蝗虫，蚂蚱grassy 草多的，草似的grateful 可喜的，令人愉快的gravel 砂砾层，砂砾，结石 graze vi 喂草，放牧grease 动物脂，脂肪greed 贪心，贪婪grim 冷酷无情的，严厉的 grin vi 咧着嘴笑grind vt 折磨，压榨grope vi 暗中摸索，探索gross 语言，举止粗俗grove 林子，小树林，园林 growl 狗等嚎叫，咆哮grumble vi 抱怨，发牢骚 grunt vi 作呼噜声，咕哝guilt 有罪，犯罪，内疚guitar 吉他，六弦琴Gust 阵风，一阵狂风vi 阵阵吹过gutter 沟，边沟hail vt 向……欢呼，vi 招呼halve vt对分，平摊ham 火腿hamper vt 妨碍，阻碍，牵制handbook 手册，便览，指南handicap vt 妨碍，使不利 handout 施舍物，救济品 handy 方便的，便于使用的 harbour vt 隐藏，窝藏，怀着hard （酒）烈性的 harp 竖琴，天琴座harsh 粗糙的，严厉的hatchvt. 秘密策划，（尤指）密谋; 使（小鸟、小鱼、小虫等）孵出;haughty 傲慢的，轻蔑的haul vt 拖曳，托运haunt vt 常去vi 经常出没hazard vt 使遭危险n 危险head vt 用头顶球，vi 出发heading 标题，题词，提名headlong a&ad 头向前的（地）headquarters n总局，总店hearth n炉前区域，炉边hearty 衷心的，丰盛的Heaven 上帝，神heave vt 用力地举，抛heighten vt 加高，提高，增加hemisphere 半球，半球地图 henceforth ad 今后，从今以后herald 传令官，通报者信使 herb 草本植物，香草herd vt 放牧 vi 成群hesitate vi 犹豫，踌躇，不情愿hide 生皮，兽皮，皮革hike vi 作长途徒步旅行hindrance 障碍，妨碍，起妨碍作用的事物hinge 合页，折页，铰链hip 臀部，髋，屋脊hiss 嘶嘶声，vi 嘶嘶做声historic 历史的，历史性的historian 历史学家，编史家hit 轰动一时的人或事hitherto ad 迄今为止，到目前为止hoarse a（声音）嘶哑的hoe vt &vi 锄地。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)核心词汇全突破【核心释义+例句搭配+巧记速记】Word List 2
Word List20legislation[ledʒɪs'leɪʃn]n.法律，法规；立法，法律的制定（或通过）【例句】The new government dismantled their predecessors’legislation.新政府废除了前任政府的立法。
【同根】legislate vt.立法‖legislature n.立法机关consistent[kən'sɪstənt]adj.前后一致的，相符的【例句】We must firmly follow the path of development that is consistent with China’s national conditions.我们必须坚定不移地走与中国国情相符的发展道路。
（2007年决赛）【搭配】be consistent with与……一致，符合……【派生】consistency n.一致性‖consistently adv.一贯地，一致地blueprint['bluːprɪnt]n.计划；蓝图，设计图‖vt.计划；制成蓝图【例句】Could we go over these blueprints for the supermarket after lunch?午饭后我们能过一遍超市的设计图吗？（2009年初赛）supreme[suː'priːm]adj.极度的；最重要的；至高的；最高的【例句】The most important law court’s called the Supreme Court.最重要的法院是最高法院。
【派生】supremely adv.至上地；崇高地‖supremacy n.霸权；至高无上；主权；最高地位accomplish[ə'kʌmplɪʃ]v.完成；实现，达到（目的）【例句】I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months.在过去几个月里，我完成了相当多的工作。
全国大学生英语竞赛c类常见词组
全国大学生英语竞赛c类常见词组全国大学生英语竞赛常见词组break ~away 突然离开，强行逃脱~out 爆发，使逃走~down 损坏，（车）抛锚~through 突围~in 闯入，插嘴~up 粉碎，终止（关系）~off （谈话，谈判等）中断Bring ~about 导致~forward 提议~down 打倒，降低~out 拿出，出版~up 提出，扶贫，养育Call ~for 要求，邀约~on 拜访，号召~off 取消~up 打电话，召集Come ~across 偶遇~off 发生，成功，脱落~to 打倒，苏醒，涉及~on （口）快点，进展~out 出现，出版~up to 比得上~through 历经···仍存活下来~up with 想出，拿出Cut ~down 削减~in 打断，超车拦挡~off 阻断~out 删去Get ~across 讲清楚，被了解~along（with）进展，过活~on with 与···友好相处~out 退出（组织）~down 写下~over 康复，克服（困难）~together 开会Give ~away 泄露，赠送~in 屈服~off 释放（光、热）~up 放弃，辞去~way to 闪开，让位于···Go ~after 追求~in for 从事，喜好~ahead 继续，开始~over 仔细查看~down／up 下降／上升~out （火等）熄灭，过时Hand ~down 把···传下去~in 上交，交上~out 分发，散发~over 移交Hold ~back 退缩，隐瞒，阻拦~on 坚持~out 伸出，不屈服~up 延误，耽搁Keep ~back 隐瞒，阻止~to 遵守，坚持~up 坚持，（使）不停止~up with 跟上Let ~alone 更别提，不打扰~down 让···失望~go（of）松手~off 排放，宽恕Look ~after 照料~at 看，看待~back 回顾，回忆~down on／upon 轻视~in 顺便访问~on 旁观~out 留神，注意~over 察看~through 浏览，仔细检查~up 查（字典），向上看Make ~for 向···走去~out 理解，看出，列出~up 构成，编造，化妆~up for 弥补Be made up with 由··构成be made from 由···做成Put ~down 镇压，拖迟~forward 提出~off 推迟，拖延~on 穿上，上演，假装~out 熄灭，公布~up 张贴，投宿~up with 容忍Run ~away with 不受···的约束~into 遇到，共计~out of 用光，用完~over （车等）辗过See ~about 办理~off 给··送行~to 负责，修理~（to it）that 务必做到~through 看穿，帮···度过Set ~about 开始，着手~apart 分开~aside 储蓄，留出，不理会~back 推迟~down 写下，记下~off 启程~out to do 开始做···~up 创立，开业Stand ~by 袖手旁观，支持~for 代表，主张，容忍~out 与众不同，杰出~up for 维护，保卫~up to 抵抗，经受不住Take ~after 与···相像~apart 拆开~back 收回~down 记下~for 把···看成~in 领会，接受，（被动）欺骗~off 起飞，脱下~on 呈现，承担~over 接管~to 开始喜欢，从事~up 开始从事，占用Turn ~against 厌恶，与···敌对~in 呈出，交~down 拒绝，调小（音量等）~off 关闭~out 出现，结果是···~over 翻身，深思熟虑~to 翻到，请求（帮忙）动词短语；abide by 固守，遵守absorbed in 吸引，占时间accord with 与···一致，相符account for 说明，证明accuse…of…控告，起诉act on（upon）按照··行事adapt to 适应add up to 总计，总共adhere to 坚持，粘着agree on 商定，约定aim at 瞄准，旨在answer to 符合，适合于apply to sd. for sth. 向···申请···approve of 批准，赞成arrange for 安排associate with 与···相联系attribute to 把··归因于··bear in mind 记住，记在心里begin with 开始belong to 属于boast of／about 吹嘘burst into 闯进，突然··起来can′t help doing something 不由自主care about 关心，对··感兴趣care for喜欢，照顾，照看carry away 搬走，使入迷carry forward 发扬carry on 进行carry out 贯彻，执行carry through 完成catch hold of 抓住，得到catch up with 追上，赶上clean up 清扫clear up 清理，完成，天晴cling to 坚持，紧握combine with 同··结合起来comment on 对··加以评论compare with 与··对比complain about（of）报怨concentrate on（upon）专心于consist in 在于consist of 由··组成correspond to（with）符合，一致correspond with 与··通信count on（upon）指望，依靠decide on （upon）决定depart from 离开depend on（upon）依赖，依靠differ from 与··不同do without 省去，无须draw near 行近，将近draw upon sd. 拔出武器威胁·dream of 梦想drop in 顺便拜访dwell on（upon）细想，详述earn one’s living 谋生eat up 吃光engage in 正忙于，从事fall behind 落后feel like doing sth. 想做··fill with 用···把··充满fix up 修理free from 免除，解放furnish with 供给，装备grow up 生长，长大guard against 提防，注意hand down 传给后世have a word with sb. 和··说句话have trouble in doing sth 做··有困难head for 向··方向前进hear about（of）听说hear from sb 收到某人来信hopefor 希望有，期望得到impose on（upon）把·强加给···improve on 对··做出改进instead of 代替，而不是interfere in 干涉interfere with 妨碍，干扰involve in 卷入，陷入isolate from 与···隔离keep an eye upon 照料，照管keep fit 保持健康kick out 逐出，开除knock down 打倒，撞到laugh at 嘲笑lead to 通向，导致lean on（against）靠在··上learn by heart 记住，背下learn from 向··学习leave alone 丢下不管，不理会live on 以···维持生命、生活long for 想得到lose one’s temper 发脾气lose one’s wa y 迷路lose tough with 与···失去联系make do 将就使用meet with 遇见mistake…for…把···错当成name after 以··命名object to 反对part from（with）与···分别participate in 参加，参与pass away 消磨时间，逝世pass on 传递，移交pass over 不注意，忽略pass through 经过，经历pay attention to 注意persist in 坚持pile up 堆积place an order for 订购（货物）play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑play with 玩弄，与···玩point out 指出point to 指向prefer to 比起··来还是··好prepare for 为··做准备protect…from 保护···使不provide for 供给pull down 拆除push aside 把··堆在一边range from 恢复，复原refer to 指，提到refrain from 戒除，忍住不regard as 把··看作related to 与··有关，涉及rely on（upon）依靠，依赖remind sb. of sth. 使···想起···remind sb to do sth 提醒··做respond to响应，对···反应result from 由···引起result in 导致，造成结果revenge oneself on 为··向··报仇rise up 起来，起义，反叛rule over 追赶sell out 卖完，脱销send for 派人去叫，差人去拿send out 发出（光、热）send up 发射sentence sb to death 判处..死刑separate…from…将··同··分开set an example to 给···树立榜样settle down 定居，成家立业show sb around 领···参观sing high praise for 高度赞扬smooth away 清除（不快、困难等）speak for 代表···讲话，辩护speak of 谈到，提及stay up 熬夜（同sit up）steal out 溜出stick to 粘住，坚持，忠于succeed in doing sth 成功做某事suffer from 受··苦痛，损害take a pride in 以···自豪thanks to 由于，多亏try on 试穿wait for 等候，等待warm up 把···变热，热身watch out 注意，当心wipe off 消除，清偿（债务）wipe out 消灭掉work at 从事于···work out 设计，制定，算出等worry about 担心，惦记（1）与from搭配构成名词短语的名词absence 缺席relief 解脱difference 与··不同shelter 躲避escape 逃跑protection 保护isolation 与··隔离（2）与for搭配构成名词短语的名词affection 深爱ability 有能力anxiety 渴望sympathy 对··同情demand 要求reason 理由excuse 借口passion 激情preference 偏爱cause 原因（3）与in 搭配构成名词短语的名词confidence 信任delight 高兴faith 相信pride 自豪use 用处difficulty 困难point 要点，意义progress 进步（4）与of搭配构成名词短语的名词intention 意图equivalent 相等物way 方法case 情况honor 荣誉observation 观察（5）与on搭配构成名词短语的名词impact 影响impression 印象effect 效果dependence 依靠emphasis 强调influence 影响operation 手术stress 强调pity 怜悯revenge 报复（6）与to搭配构成名词短语的名词reaction 反应solution 解决方法answer 答复attention 注意addition 额外access 通道，接口key 钥匙，答案contrast 对比invitation 邀请objection 反对reference 参考appeal 呼吁（7）与with搭配构成名词短语的名词chat 交谈connection 联系communication 交流acquaintance 相识形容词短语abound in（with）充满，多，富有absent from 缺席active in 在··方面很积极afraid of 害怕aware of 知道，意识到（be）used to 习惯于某事（be）hard on（upon）sb 对某人很严厉（be）busy doing sth 忙于做某事cautious of 注意，当心close to 接近于，靠近于different from 与·不同eager for(after) 渴望，极想easy on the eyes 悦目的engaged in 专长于···famous for 因··而有名far and wide 广泛的，到处fit for 适当的，恰当的fond of 喜欢，爱好friendly to（with）与··友好full of 充满familiar with（to）熟悉grateful to sb for sth 因··感谢guilty of 有罪good at 善于harmful to 对··有害honest in 在··方面诚实happy about 因··而高兴identical with 与···相同ignorant of 不知道，无知ill with 生··病impatient to 急躁的，性急的interested in 对··感兴趣intent on 对···很专心indifferent to 对··漠不关心inferior to 次于，职位低于independent of 不受····支配jealous of 嫉妒，爱惜keen on 渴望，热衷late for 迟到likely to 很可能的loyal to 忠于···liable to 易···的mad about 迷于···mad at sb（sth）对人活物发火mindful of 不忘necessary for 对···需要negligent in 在···方面疏忽nervous about 担心，紧张new to 对··没有经验obedient to服从、observant of 严格遵守obvious to 对··很清楚opposed to 反对···opposite to 与···相反或相对parallel to 与··平行partial to 对··偏爱particular about 过分讲究，挑剔patient with 对··满意polite to sb 对··有礼貌popular with 受··欢迎previous to 先于··proud of 以···自豪profitable for 对··有益proper for 适合于proportional to 与···成比例qualified for（in）胜任（工作）quick at 很快地做ready for 准备好···responsible for 对··负责rich in 丰富，富有related to 与··有关relevant to 与···有关remote from 距··偏远的rude to 对··粗暴无礼safe from 没有受到···危险satisfactory for 称心如意satisfactory to 满意satisfied with 对··满意sensitive to 对··敏感sick of 厌烦，厌倦skillful at（in）善于···的short of 缺乏sorry for 对··懊悔strict with 对··严厉，对··严格successful in 在···方面成功suitable to 适合于···superior to 优于，胜过sure of 确信surprised at 对··吃惊thankful to sb for sth 感谢···做tired of 厌倦uneasy about 对··感到不安unfit for 不相宜，不合适useful to 对···有用valid for 对··有法律效力well-known for 以··出名willing to do sth 心甘情愿做···wrong with 出故障介词短语ahead of schedule 提出as a matter of fact 事实上as a times 无论如何，一直at all （加强语气）完全，丝毫at the first glance 乍一看at any time 在任何时候at down 拂晓，天一亮at first 最初at heart 在心里（感情深处）at home 安逸，自在，精通at home and abroad （在）国内外at last 终于，最后at least 至少，起码at most 至多，不超过at once 立刻，马上at one time 在某一时，曾经at other time 往常，平素at present 现在，目前at table 用餐at the end of 在··末端，在··末尾at the foot of 在··脚下，在··下端at the same time 同时，然而at the sight of 一看见··就at the top of 在··顶上at worst 最坏，最不利at a loss 困惑不解at all costs 不惜一切代价at intervals 不时，每隔一定距离at large 逍遥法外的at length 最终at sb’s disposal 任··处理，供··使用at one’s wits end江郎才尽at war 处于交战状态at work 在工作，在做活by accident 偶然by air 乘机by land 乘车by sea 乘船by all means 不惜手段by chance 巧合，偶然by far 比··得多by means of 采取···方式by no means 绝不by the way 顺便提一下by virtue of 借助by one’s estimate 据···的估计by heart 凭记忆by nature 本性by mistake 不慎弄错except for 除了··之外for ever 永远for example 例如for instance 例如for the moment 暂时for the present 眼下for the sake of 为了··缘故或利益for the time being 暂时for ages 很久from now on 从现在起from time to time 时常，间或in a hurry 匆忙，很快地in···voice 以··声音说in a minute 马上，立即in charge of 负责，掌管in common with 共同，一起in conclusion 最后，总之in general 一般，大体上in memory of纪念···in no time 立刻，马上in one’s opinion 据某人看来in way 以·方式in other word 换句话说in public 当众，公开in search of 寻找，寻求in spite of 不顾，不管in surprise 惊异地in the end 最后in the future 将来in time 及时in trouble 处于困境中in turn 轮流，依次in a sense 从某种意义上说in a word 简言之in accordance with 与··一致in addiction to 除··之外in advance 事先in brief 简单地说in debt 负债in detail 详细地in fact 事实上in favor of 赞成in half 分成两半in hand 在进行中in honor of 为纪念，为庆祝in the light of 由于in line with 与··一致in no case 绝不in no way 绝不in order 按顺序，整齐in part 部分地in particular 尤其in person 亲自，本人in place 在合适的位置in proportion to 成比例的in question 正在讨论的in regard to 关于，至于in return 作为回报in short 简而言之in tears 流着泪in the course of 在···期间in the end 最后in the event of 万一in the first place 首先in vain 徒劳的off duty 下班on behalf of 代表on duty 值日，值勤on condition（that）假如，如果on earth 究竟，到底，全然on foot 步行on guard 值班，警戒on one’s way to 在去···的路上on purpose 为了，故意的on the air （无线电）广播on the contrary 相反地on the floor 在地板上on the left／right 在坐／右边on the playground 在操场上on the stage 在舞台上on the top of 在··顶上on time 准时on the whole 大体上，总之on watch 值班on a large scale 大规模地。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)核心词汇全突破【核心释义+例句搭配+巧记速记】Word List 1
Word List15bully['bʊlɪ]vt.威吓，威逼；欺负‖n.欺凌弱小者【例句】①Don’t let them bully you.Fight back!别让他们欺侮你。
反击回去！②Increasingly,they've had to deal with online bullies,who are posting anything from embarrassing photos to online threats.越来越多地，他们不得不应付一些网络恶霸，这群人在网上肆无忌惮发表内容，小到令人尴尬的照片，大到威胁性言论。
（2012年初赛）delicacy[ˈdelɪkəsi]n.美味佳肴；精美；微妙；敏锐；圆滑【例句】The delicacy was guarded like a military secret,and transportation of the plant out of the Muslim regions was forbidden.这一美味（咖啡）像军事机密被保护起来，穆斯林地区之外的咖啡运输是遭到禁止的。
（2016年初赛）collaborate[kə'læbəreɪt]vi.合作，协力；通敌【例句】He was suspected of collaborating with the enemy.他有通敌的嫌疑。
expand[ɪk'spænd]v.（使）膨胀，（使）扩张；张开，展开【例句】①As we continue to expand and develop,we need to recruit a number of talented people to help us to achieve our vision.随着我们公司继续扩大和发展，我们需要招聘大量人才来帮助我们实现愿景。
（2002年初赛）②His face expanded in a smile of welcome.他喜笑颜开地表示欢迎。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)核心词汇全突破【核心释义+例句搭配+巧记速记】Word List 7
Word List7groundless[ˈgraʊndləs]adj.无理由的，无根据的【例句】Each age has its future fears that turn out to be groundless.每个时代都有对未来的恐惧，其实都是毫无根据的。
（2014年决赛）disturb[dɪ'stɜːb]v.打扰，妨碍；使精神不安，使情绪波动；使担忧【例句】①Please don’t disturb me while I’m working.我工作时，请不要打扰我。
②The letter shocked and disturbed me.这封信令我惊讶，使我担忧。
【派生】disturbance n.干扰；骚乱；忧虑‖disturbing adj.烦扰的altitude['æltɪtjuːd]n.高度，海拔【例句】We are flying at an altitude of20,000feet.我们的飞行高度是20000英尺。
【派生】altitudinal adj.高度的bearable['beərəbl]adj.可忍受的，支持得住的【例句】The climate is bearable.这种气候尚可忍受。
【派生】unbearable adj.不可忍受的assemble[ə'sembl]v.聚集，集合；装配（机器等）【例句】All the people assembled at Mary’s house.所有的人都聚集在玛丽的屋子里。
【派生】assembling adj.装配的；组合的‖assembly n.集合，集会，大会auspicious[ɔ:ˈspɪʃəs]adj.吉利的，吉祥的【例句】The publication of my first book was an auspicious beginning of my career.我的第一本书出版是我事业上的开门红。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)章节习题详解-第三章至第五章【圣才出品】
第三章完形填空第一节命题分析1.考查目的从语篇的角度，全面考查考生综合的阅读能力、对词汇的掌握程度、语法规则的应用、对英语习惯用法的熟悉程度、逻辑推理能力以及对英语的语感等英语实际应用能力。
2.题型介绍主要为三种出题形式：①词汇变形（有单词提示）：一篇含有若干处空缺的文章，空缺处所需的单词已给出，要求考生用所给单词的正确形式填空；②补充单词（有字母提示）：一篇含有若干处空缺的文章，空缺处所需的单词的前几个字母（不超过3个）已给出，要求考生把单词补充完整；③词汇填空（无提示）：一篇含有若干处空缺的文章，没有任何提示，要求考生根据上下文语境填出单词。
3.特点与难点（1）题材广泛以往的考试中文章体裁以说明文为主，题材涉及文化、教育、人文、科技以及社会等，范围较广，内容也很丰富，选材与大学英语四六级考试相似，考试难度有明显的上升趋势。
（2）主观题型与国内现行其他英语考试中的完形填空不同的是，大学生英语竞赛中的完形填空不是多项选择的客观题，而是主观题，难度较大。
在补充单词题型中，由于没有选项，只有几个字母的提示，要求考生根据对全文内容及结构的理解，在自己的“词汇库”里搜索出正确的单词，将其补全，考生普遍都感到比较困难；而在选词填空题型中，难点主要体现在改变词形上，这对考生的词性把握和单词拼写能力都提出了较高要求。
（3）考查实词与搭配与大学英语四六级不同的是，大学生英语竞赛的完形填空对语法知识的考查非常少，测试的要点主要集中在实词（动词、名词、形容词以及副词），和固定搭配（动词短语、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语及其他习惯用语和各种句型结构）上。
（4）空缺阻碍与通篇理解文章主要从语篇的角度综合测试考生对文章的理解能力和对基础知识的运用能力，因此，考生通过空缺阻碍获得对整篇文章的理解程度在答题中起到了至关重要的作用。
第二节技巧指南1.重视首句一般来讲，文章的首句往往是引导句，也就是文章的主题句，直接点明文章的主题或背景，因此读懂文章的首句是了解文章大意的关键所在。
全国大学生英语竞赛c试题及答案
全国大学生英语竞赛c试题及答案全国大学生英语竞赛（National English Contest for College Students，简称NECCS）是一项面向全国大学生的英语学科竞赛。
以下是一份模拟的全国大学生英语竞赛C类试题及答案。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类试题一、听力理解（共20分）1. 根据所听内容，选择正确的答案。
- 例题：What is the man's major?A. Computer ScienceB. EconomicsC. LiteratureD. Engineering- 答案：A2. 根据对话内容，回答问题。
- 例题：What does the woman suggest the man do next?A. Go to the libraryB. Take a breakC. Continue studyingD. Ask for help- 答案：D...二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
- 例题：What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of taking a breakB. The benefits of teamworkC. The role of technology in educationD. The challenges of online learning- 答案：C2. 阅读短文，选择最佳标题。
- 例题：What would be the best title for the passage?A. The Impact of TechnologyB. The Future of EducationC. The Advantages of Online LearningD. The Role of Technology in Learning- 答案：D...三、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从所给的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处。
全国大学生英语作文大赛2024c类解读
全国大学生英语作文大赛2024 C类解读 The National College English Writing Contest, a prestigious event in the academic calendar of English-speaking universities across China, is gearing up for its 2024 edition. This year, the focus is on Category C, which challenges participants to delve into a particular theme, demanding not only proficiency in the language but also a deep understanding of the subject matter.Category C of the contest typically presents a contemporary issue or a topic of societal relevance, asking students to offer their insights and analysis through the medium of English. This not only tests the students'writing skills but also their ability to critically engage with real-world problems. Given the globalized nature of today's world, the importance of effective communication in English cannot be overstated, and this contest provides an excellent platform for students to showcase their talents. To excel in Category C, it is crucial for participants to have a solid grasp of the English language, includingits vocabulary, grammar, and syntax. But more than that, they need to be well-informed and up-to-date with currentaffairs, as the topic often revolves around contemporary issues. This requires a diligent effort to stay tuned to news and developments in various fields, such as technology, environment, society, and politics.In addition to being well-versed in the subject matter, students should also cultivate their critical thinking skills. Category C often asks for a nuanced understandingof the topic, calling for a balanced analysis thatconsiders various perspectives. This demands a capacity to reason critically, to evaluate evidence, and to form opinions that are well-supported and well-argued.Moreover, the essay should be structured logically,with a clear introduction, main body, and conclusion. The introduction should set the stage for the essay,introducing the topic and outlining the main points thatwill be discussed. The main body should develop thesepoints in detail, providing evidence and examples tosupport the arguments. The conclusion should tie everything together, offering a final thought or recommendation based on the analysis presented.To prepare effectively for Category C, students can follow a few strategies. First, they should identify and understand the key terms related to the topic, as this will help them frame their arguments more precisely. Second, they should engage with the topic by reading related articles, books, and reports, and by discussing it with peers and mentors. This will help them gain a deeper understanding of the issue and identify various perspectives.Finally, students should practice writing essays on similar topics, honing their writing skills andfamiliarizing themselves with the structure and flow of an argumentative essay. They should also seek feedback from teachers or mentors, as this will help them identify and correct any flaws in their writing.In conclusion, the National College English Writing Contest's Category C is a challenging but rewarding experience. It not only tests students' proficiency in English but also their ability to engage with and analyze contemporary issues. By preparing diligently and practicing regularly, students can hope to excel in this competitionand gain valuable insights and experiences that willbenefit them throughout their academic and professional careers.**全国大学生英语作文大赛2024 C类解读**全国大学生英语作文大赛，作为中国英语演讲类大学的重要赛事，正在为2024年的比赛积极筹备。
全国大学生英语竞赛c类必备词组
全国大学生英语竞赛必备词组break ~away 突然离开，强行逃脱~out 爆发，使逃走~down 损坏，（车）抛锚~through 突围~in 闯入，插嘴~up 粉碎，终止（关系）~off （谈话，谈判等）中断Bring ~about 导致~forward 提议~down 打倒，降低~out 拿出，出版~up 提出，扶贫，养育Call ~for 要求，邀约~on 拜访，号召~off 取消~up 打电话，召集Come ~across 偶遇~off 发生，成功，脱落~to 打倒，苏醒，涉及~on （口）快点，进展~out 出现，出版~up to 比得上~through 历经···仍存活下来~up with 想出，拿出Cut ~down 削减~in 打断，超车拦挡~off 阻断~out 删去Get ~across 讲清楚，被了解~along（with）进展，过活~on with 与···友好相处~out 退出（组织）~down 写下~over 康复，克服（困难）~together 开会Give ~away 泄露，赠送~in 屈服~off 释放（光、热）~up 放弃，辞去~way to 闪开，让位于···Go ~after 追求~in for 从事，喜好~ahead 继续，开始~over 仔细查看~down／up 下降／上升~out （火等）熄灭，过时Hand ~down 把···传下去~in 上交，交上~out 分发，散发~over 移交Hold ~back 退缩，隐瞒，阻拦~on 坚持~out 伸出，不屈服~up 延误，耽搁Keep ~back 隐瞒，阻止~to 遵守，坚持~up 坚持，（使）不停止~up with 跟上Let ~alone 更别提，不打扰~down 让···失望~go（of）松手~off 排放，宽恕Look ~after 照料~at 看，看待~back 回顾，回忆~down on／upon 轻视~in 顺便访问~on 旁观~out 留神，注意~over 察看~through 浏览，仔细检查~up 查（字典），向上看Make ~for 向···走去~out 理解，看出，列出~up 构成，编造，化妆~up for 弥补Be made up with 由··构成be made from 由···做成Put ~down 镇压，拖迟~forward 提出~off 推迟，拖延~on 穿上，上演，假装~out 熄灭，公布~up 张贴，投宿~up with 容忍Run ~away with 不受···的约束~into 遇到，共计~out of 用光，用完~over （车等）辗过See ~about 办理~off 给··送行~to 负责，修理~（to it）that 务必做到~through 看穿，帮···度过Set ~about 开始，着手~apart 分开~aside 储蓄，留出，不理会~back 推迟~down 写下，记下~off 启程~out to do 开始做···~up 创立，开业Stand ~by 袖手旁观，支持~for 代表，主张，容忍~out 与众不同，杰出~up for 维护，保卫~up to 抵抗，经受不住Take ~after 与···相像~apart 拆开~back 收回~down 记下~for 把···看成~in 领会，接受，（被动）欺骗~off 起飞，脱下~on 呈现，承担~over 接管~to 开始喜欢，从事~up 开始从事，占用Turn ~against 厌恶，与···敌对~in 呈出，交~down 拒绝，调小（音量等）~off 关闭~out 出现，结果是···~over 翻身，深思熟虑~to 翻到，请求（帮忙）动词短语；abide by 固守，遵守absorbed in 吸引，占时间accord with 与···一致，相符account for 说明，证明accuse…of…控告，起诉act on（upon）按照··行事adapt to 适应add up to 总计，总共adhere to 坚持，粘着agree on 商定，约定aim at 瞄准，旨在answer to 符合，适合于apply to sd. for sth. 向···申请···approve of 批准，赞成arrange for 安排associate with 与···相联系attribute to 把··归因于··bear in mind 记住，记在心里begin with 开始belong to 属于boast of／about 吹嘘burst into 闯进，突然··起来can′t help doing something 不由自主care about 关心，对··感兴趣care for喜欢，照顾，照看carry away 搬走，使入迷carry forward 发扬carry on 进行carry out 贯彻，执行carry through 完成catch hold of 抓住，得到catch up with 追上，赶上clean up 清扫clear up 清理，完成，天晴cling to 坚持，紧握combine with 同··结合起来comment on 对··加以评论compare with 与··对比complain about（of）报怨concentrate on（upon）专心于consist in 在于consist of 由··组成correspond to（with）符合，一致correspond with 与··通信count on（upon）指望，依靠decide on（upon）决定depart from 离开depend on（upon）依赖，依靠differ from 与··不同do without 省去，无须draw near 行近，将近draw upon sd. 拔出武器威胁·dream of 梦想drop in 顺便拜访dwell on（upon）细想，详述earn one’s living 谋生eat up 吃光engage in 正忙于，从事fall behind 落后feel like doing sth. 想做··fill with 用···把··充满fix up 修理free from 免除，解放furnish with 供给，装备grow up 生长，长大guard against 提防，注意hand down 传给后世have a word with sb. 和··说句话have trouble in doing sth 做··有困难head for 向··方向前进hear about（of）听说hear from sb 收到某人来信hope for 希望有，期望得到impose on（upon）把·强加给···improve on 对··做出改进instead of 代替，而不是interfere in 干涉interfere with 妨碍，干扰involve in 卷入，陷入isolate from 与···隔离keep an eye upon 照料，照管keep fit 保持健康kick out 逐出，开除knock down 打倒，撞到laugh at 嘲笑lead to 通向，导致lean on（against）靠在··上learn by heart 记住，背下learn from 向··学习leave alone 丢下不管，不理会live on 以···维持生命、生活long for 想得到lose one’s temper 发脾气lose one’s way 迷路lose tough with 与···失去联系make do 将就使用meet with 遇见mistake…for…把···错当成name after 以··命名object to 反对part from（with）与···分别participate in 参加，参与pass away 消磨时间，逝世pass on 传递，移交pass over 不注意，忽略pass through 经过，经历pay attention to 注意persist in 坚持pile up 堆积place an order for 订购（货物）play a joke on sb. 开某人玩笑play with 玩弄，与···玩point out 指出point to 指向prefer to 比起··来还是··好prepare for 为··做准备protect…from 保护···使不provide for 供给pull down 拆除push aside 把··堆在一边range from 恢复，复原refer to 指，提到refrain from 戒除，忍住不regard as 把··看作related to 与··有关，涉及rely on（upon）依靠，依赖remind sb. of sth. 使···想起···remind sb to do sth 提醒··做respond to响应，对···反应result from 由···引起result in 导致，造成结果revenge oneself on 为··向··报仇rise up 起来，起义，反叛rule over 追赶sell out 卖完，脱销send for 派人去叫，差人去拿send out 发出（光、热）send up 发射sentence sb to death 判处..死刑separate…from…将··同··分开set an example to 给···树立榜样settle down 定居，成家立业show sb around 领···参观sing high praise for 高度赞扬smooth away 清除（不快、困难等）speak for 代表···讲话，辩护speak of 谈到，提及stay up 熬夜（同sit up）steal out 溜出stick to 粘住，坚持，忠于succeed in doing sth 成功做某事suffer from 受··苦痛，损害take a pride in 以···自豪thanks to 由于，多亏try on 试穿wait for 等候，等待warm up 把···变热，热身watch out 注意，当心wipe off 消除，清偿（债务）wipe out 消灭掉work at 从事于···work out 设计，制定，算出等worry about 担心，惦记（1）与from搭配构成名词短语的名词absence 缺席relief 解脱difference 与··不同shelter 躲避escape 逃跑protection 保护isolation 与··隔离（2）与for搭配构成名词短语的名词affection 深爱ability 有能力anxiety 渴望sympathy 对··同情demand 要求reason 理由excuse 借口passion 激情preference 偏爱cause 原因（3）与in 搭配构成名词短语的名词confidence 信任delight 高兴faith 相信pride 自豪use 用处difficulty 困难point 要点，意义progress 进步（4）与of搭配构成名词短语的名词intention 意图equivalent 相等物way 方法case 情况honor 荣誉observation 观察（5）与on搭配构成名词短语的名词impact 影响impression 印象effect 效果dependence 依靠emphasis 强调influence 影响operation 手术stress 强调pity 怜悯revenge 报复（6）与to搭配构成名词短语的名词reaction 反应solution 解决方法answer 答复attention 注意addition 额外access 通道，接口key 钥匙，答案contrast 对比invitation 邀请objection 反对reference 参考appeal 呼吁（7）与with搭配构成名词短语的名词chat 交谈connection 联系communication 交流acquaintance 相识形容词短语abound in（with）充满，多，富有absent from 缺席active in 在··方面很积极afraid of 害怕aware of 知道，意识到（be）used to 习惯于某事（be）hard on（upon）sb 对某人很严厉（be）busy doing sth 忙于做某事cautious of 注意，当心close to 接近于，靠近于different from 与·不同eager for(after) 渴望，极想easy on the eyes 悦目的engaged in 专长于···famous for 因··而有名far and wide 广泛的，到处fit for 适当的，恰当的fond of 喜欢，爱好friendly to（with）与··友好full of 充满familiar with（to）熟悉grateful to sb for sth 因··感谢guilty of 有罪good at 善于harmful to 对··有害honest in 在··方面诚实happy about 因··而高兴identical with 与···相同ignorant of 不知道，无知ill with 生··病impatient to 急躁的，性急的interested in 对··感兴趣intent on 对···很专心indifferent to 对··漠不关心inferior to 次于，职位低于independent of 不受····支配jealous of 嫉妒，爱惜keen on 渴望，热衷late for 迟到likely to 很可能的loyal to 忠于···liable to 易···的mad about 迷于···mad at sb（sth）对人活物发火mindful of 不忘necessary for 对···需要negligent in 在···方面疏忽nervous about 担心，紧张new to 对··没有经验obedient to服从、observant of 严格遵守obvious to 对··很清楚opposed to 反对···opposite to 与···相反或相对parallel to 与··平行partial to 对··偏爱particular about 过分讲究，挑剔patient with 对··满意polite to sb 对··有礼貌popular with 受··欢迎previous to 先于··proud of 以···自豪profitable for 对··有益proper for 适合于proportional to 与···成比例qualified for（in）胜任（工作）quick at 很快地做ready for 准备好···responsible for 对··负责rich in 丰富，富有related to 与··有关relevant to 与···有关remote from 距··偏远的rude to 对··粗暴无礼safe from 没有受到···危险satisfactory for 称心如意satisfactory to 满意satisfied with 对··满意sensitive to 对··敏感sick of 厌烦，厌倦skillful at（in）善于···的short of 缺乏sorry for 对··懊悔strict with 对··严厉，对··严格successful in 在···方面成功suitable to 适合于···superior to 优于，胜过sure of 确信surprised at 对··吃惊thankful to sb for sth 感谢···做tired of 厌倦uneasy about 对··感到不安unfit for 不相宜，不合适useful to 对···有用valid for 对··有法律效力well-known for 以··出名willing to do sth 心甘情愿做···wrong with 出故障介词短语ahead of schedule 提出as a matter of fact 事实上as a times 无论如何，一直at all （加强语气）完全，丝毫at the first glance 乍一看at any time 在任何时候at down 拂晓，天一亮at first 最初at heart 在心里（感情深处）at home 安逸，自在，精通at home and abroad （在）国内外at last 终于，最后at least 至少，起码at most 至多，不超过at once 立刻，马上at one time 在某一时，曾经at other time 往常，平素at present 现在，目前at table 用餐at the end of 在··末端，在··末尾at the foot of 在··脚下，在··下端at the same time 同时，然而at the sight of 一看见··就at the top of 在··顶上at worst 最坏，最不利at a loss 困惑不解at all costs 不惜一切代价at intervals 不时，每隔一定距离at large 逍遥法外的at length 最终at sb’s disposal 任··处理，供··使用at one’s wits end 江郎才尽at war 处于交战状态at work 在工作，在做活by accident 偶然by air 乘机by land 乘车by sea 乘船by all means 不惜手段by chance 巧合，偶然by far 比··得多by means of 采取···方式by no means 绝不by the way 顺便提一下by virtue of 借助by one’s estimate 据···的估计by heart 凭记忆by nature 本性by mistake 不慎弄错except for 除了··之外for ever 永远for example 例如for instance 例如for the moment 暂时for the present 眼下for the sake of 为了··缘故或利益for the time being 暂时for ages 很久from now on 从现在起from time to time 时常，间或in a hurry 匆忙，很快地in···voice 以··声音说in a minute 马上，立即in charge of 负责，掌管in common with 共同，一起in conclusion 最后，总之in general 一般，大体上in memory of纪念···in no time 立刻，马上in one’s opinion 据某人看来in way 以·方式in other word 换句话说in public 当众，公开in search of 寻找，寻求in spite of 不顾，不管in surprise 惊异地in the end 最后in the future 将来in time 及时in trouble 处于困境中in turn 轮流，依次in a sense 从某种意义上说in a word 简言之in accordance with 与··一致in addiction to 除··之外in advance 事先in brief 简单地说in debt 负债in detail 详细地in fact 事实上in favor of 赞成in half 分成两半in hand 在进行中in honor of 为纪念，为庆祝in the light of 由于in line with 与··一致in no case 绝不in no way 绝不in order 按顺序，整齐in part 部分地in particular 尤其in person 亲自，本人in place 在合适的位置in proportion to 成比例的in question 正在讨论的in regard to 关于，至于in return 作为回报in short 简而言之in tears 流着泪in the course of 在···期间in the end 最后in the event of 万一in the first place 首先in vain 徒劳的off duty 下班on behalf of 代表on duty 值日，值勤on condition（that）假如，如果on earth 究竟，到底，全然on foot 步行on guard 值班，警戒on one’s way to 在去···的路上on purpose 为了，故意的on the air （无线电）广播on the contrary 相反地on the floor 在地板上on the left／right 在坐／右边on the playground 在操场上on the stage 在舞台上on the top of 在··顶上on time 准时on the whole 大体上，总之on watch 值班on a large scale 大规模地。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)核心词汇全突破【核心释义+例句搭配+巧记速记】Word List 1
Word List19embarrass[ɪm'bærəs]v.使……困窘；使……不安；使……尴尬【例句】Are you trying to embarrass me?你是想让我难堪吗？【搭配】be embarrassed by因……而感到困窘、局促不安【派生】embarrassed adj.尴尬的；窘迫的‖embarrassment n.窘迫，难堪；使人为难的人或事物accord[ə'kɔːd]n.协议；协调；一致‖v.符合；一致【例句】After four days of talks,we are glad to announce that the union andmanagement have reached an accord.经过四天的讨论，我们很高兴宣布工会和管理层达成了协议。
（2011年初赛）【搭配】in accord with与……一致‖of one’s own accord自愿地strike[straɪk]n.罢工‖v.打，击；罢工；报时；给人以深刻印象【例句】①The organizer would agree to call off the strike if the company satisfied the demand of the workers.如果公司满足工人的要求，组织者将同意终止罢工。
（2015年决赛）②The stone struck me on the side of the head.石子打中了我头部的侧面。
【搭配】call a strike发动罢工‖strike on突然发现‖strike sb./sth.off（sth.）将某人（某人的名字）从……中除去（尤指从专业团体中除名）【派生】striking adj.显著的；打击的；罢工的renew[rɪ'njuː]v.更新；使恢复；继续；重新开始；换新；补充【例句】①After praying,I felt spiritually renewed.我祷告之后觉得精神焕然一新。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)核心词汇全突破【核心释义+例句搭配+巧记速记】Word List 3
Word List3abdomen[ˈæbdəmən]n.腹，下腹（胸部到腿部的部分）【例句】He felt a great deal of pain in his abdomen.他感觉到腹部非常痛。
【同根】abdominal adj.腹部的；有腹鳍的deposit[dɪ'pɒzɪt]n.存款；保证金；沉淀物‖vt.使沉积；存放‖vi.沉淀【例句】①She made two deposits of500last month.她上月存了两笔500英镑的款。
②A thick deposit of mud lay on the fields when the flood went down.洪水退后，田野上留下一层厚泥。
【派生】deposition n.沉积物wean[]v.给（孩子）断奶；使断绝；使丢弃【例句】She tried to wean him away from football.她要他以后不要再踢足球了。
【搭配】wean sb（away）from sth.使某人戒除某事address[ə'dres]n.地址；致辞，演讲‖vt.向……致辞；称呼；致力于解决，开始解决【例句】①The move is designed to save millions of dollars in a plan to address the district’s fiscal problems.这一步是为了节省数百万美元来致力于解决地方的财政问题。
（2002年决赛）②He is due to address a conference on human rights next week.他下周要在一个人权会议上发言。
tissue['tɪʃuː]n.织物；纸巾；（动、植物的）组织【例句】They’ve been collecting tissue samples from dead buffalo to see if the bacterium’s present.他们已经在收集水牛尸体上的组织样本，查看是否有细菌的存在。
大学生英语竞赛C类词汇语法专项强化真题试卷3(题后含答案及解析)
大学生英语竞赛C类词汇语法专项强化真题试卷3(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．—Can I book a room from now till Friday?—What’s the price?—$ 128.75 not counting the service.A．Definitely. Go see it yourself.B．Yes, our hotel is quite near to the station.C．Of course. Would you like to follow me?D．You can have Room 33, overlooking the sea.正确答案：D解析：根据下文的回答，可以推知空格处应该是一间具体的房间，A选项不符合西方人的说话习惯，B选项与下文意思无关，C项又提出一个问题，与下文不衔接，因此答案为D项。
2．When Sally______the criminal______her house, she screamed at the top of her voice because she didn’t want______.A．saw; enter; killedB．saw; enter; to be killedC．sees; entering; be killedD．sees; enter; killing正确答案：B3．The businessmen discussed the contract______but never actually signed anything.A．at lengthB．at seaC．at randomD．a will正确答案：A4．Beata: I’ve put the job advertisement in the newspaper, Mr. Tim. Trim; Good. ______Beata; Well, it was a bit more than the $ 10 that they quoted us.Trim; As long as it wasn’t $ 10 a day.A．How to schedule it?B．How much was it?C．How often was it put there?D．How about the newspaper?正确答案：B5．—Would you like me to go to the dentist with you? —No, you______with me.A．need not to goB．need not goC．do not need goD．not need go正确答案：B6．Having a______attitude towards people with different ideas is an indication that one has been well educated.A．forgivingB．bearableC．compoundD．tolerant正确答案：D7．Without the air holding in some of the sun’s heat, the earth______cold at night, too cold for us to live on.A．will be freezingB．would be freezingC．can be frozenD．would be frozen正确答案：B解析：如果不是空气保留了部分太阳的热量，夜晚的地球将会非常冷，以至于我们无法生存。
全国大学生英语竞赛c类试题短语大全
全国大学生英语竞赛c类试题短语大全第一篇：全国大学生英语竞赛c类试题短语大全2011 National English Contest for College students(Level C-Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension(30 marks)Section A(5 marks)In this section, you will hear five short conversations.Each conversations will be read only once.At the end of each conversation, there will be a twenty-second pause, read the question and the there choices marked A,B and C ,and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1.What does the man want to do? A.Get something to eat now.B.Find a quiet place that shows games.C.Watch the next game with the woman.2.Why does not the man have a MySpace account? A.He is not skilled at using computer.B.All of the instruction are in English C.The woman won not teach him.3.How long does the woman plan to try teleworking A.For a few days.B.For a few weeks.C.For a few months.4.What does the man hope will happen? A.The price of cell phone novels will go down.B.The novel’s author will writer longer stories.C.The woman will tell him ho the story ends.5.what is the woman going to do next? A.turn on her computer.B.Go for a walk with peter.C.Visit her new neighbors.Section B(10 marks)In this section, you will hear two long conversations.Each conversation will be read only once.At the end each conversation, there will be a one minute pause.During the pause, read the questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Conversation one 6.What did Jack do over the summer? A.He studied very hard.B.He tooka summer class.C.He visited one of his teachers.7.What does Jack think of Ms Wellington as a teacher? A.Easy-going.B.Tough.C.Interesting.8.Why is Ms Wellington’s class hard?A.Her exams are difficult.B.She does not give students the help they need.C.She makes do lots of work.Conversation two 9.Why is Mrs.Griffin going to the city where the hotel is located? A.He is on holiday.B.He’s on a business trip C.He is going to a conference.10.How many times has Mrs.Griffin stayed at the Sunrise Hotel? A.Twice.B.Once.C.Three times.11.Where is Mrs.Griffin form? A.Canada.B.New Zealand.C.Australia.12.What is Mrs.Griffin’s passport number? A.87647489 B.87637289C.8763748913.What kind of room does Mrs.Griffin want? A.A single room for two nights.B.A double room for two nights.C.A single room for one night.14.When will Mrs.Griffin arrive at Sunrise Hotel?A.at 9:15 pmB.at 9:35 pmC.at 10:00 pm 15.What food will be put into Mrs.Griffin’s room? A.a sandwich with fries.B.a cheese sandwich.C.a burger with chips.Section C(5Marks)16.What does the Associated Press ask editor and news directors to do? A.vote for the top stories of the year.B.describe the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico C.writes about the 11 workers killed in the explosion 17.Where are the doctors and technology experts from? A.New York.B.London C.T okyo 18.For how long does President Obama agree to extend the tax cuts? A.for four years B.for three years C.for two years.19.How many people in the world don’t have enough to eat,according to the report? A.more than one billion.B.some six hundred million.C.nearly nine hundred million 20.What have astronomers recently discovered? A.there are unknown plants in older galaxies.B.there are many galaxies in the universe C.there are a lot more red dwarf in older galaxies SectionD(10 marks)In the section, you will hear a short passage.There are 10 missing words phrases.Fill in the blanks with the exact words or phrases you hear.Remember to write the answer on the answer sheet W hat do you do if you don’t get your first choice university? This ____ faces thousands of British every year.Many such_____ turn to Clearing, a service that helps find university places for students at the last moment.If they don’t have the marks to get into their____, Clearing tells them about places available at other university, though they might have to read a difficult subject.This year has seen a record number of people applying to university.This, combined with the _____________________,an uncertain job market, and budget cuts at university, product even more of a scramble for places than usual.Some sources say six students have applied for each remaining___________________________ placeThe British University Admissions Service, UCAS, says up to a qu arter of this year’s university applicants-almost 190000 people-have not been admitted into a____________________________.That is an increase of over 46000 students from last year.Faced with these figure, some British students might consider an interesting alternative:_____________________________.The University of Nottingham for is offering place at its campuses in Ningbo, near Shanghai, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Students at these institutions can earn University of Nottingham degrees, according, engineering and English.Similarly, the University of Bolton says it has unlimited places at its campus in the United Arab Emirates.T o deal with these problems, the UK’s Higher Education Minister, David Willet’s, is encouraging students who have not made the grade to consider alternatives to university,such as _______________________and studying at home.“There are arrange of options available, “he says.“people can reapply next year, so they should consider spending this year in a way that will add positively to their CVs.Getting _____________________or other skills will strengthen their chances next year.” Some commentators say, though that rising university costs, poor long-term_______________________, and a drop in graduate recruitment mean this the worst time to be a university student in the UK.Part Two Vocabulary and Structure(15 marks)There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section.For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.31.After four days of talks, we are glad to announce that the union and management have reached an______.The agreement is fair and benefits both sides.A.accordB.accomplishmentC.identityD.undertaking32.As the clerk______prepared my milk shake, I wondered how long she had been working there ,mindlessly making ice cream treats in a set order of steps.A.logicallyB.methodicallyC.graphicallyD.synthetically33.As a boy he wanted to be a fireman.As a high school student, he thought he'd like to become a teacher.Now he______to be nothing more than a janitor.A.AssumesB.PrescribesC.AspiresD.Presumes34.Regardless of what caused it, I an grateful that have finally reached a point in my life_______I can appreciate my strengths, accept my weaknesses and try to be comfortable with everything in between.A.WhyB.WhereC.WhichD.What 35.______information provided by members of the public, the police would have a much move difficult job.A.SupposingB.Provided theC.If it were not forD.On condition that 36.Peter Brown was a painstaking writer;______, he once spent half a day on the composition of a single sentence.A.On the other handB.NeverthelessC.MoreoverD.For example 37.----What an I going to do about a present for Carol?----You______some flowers.A.Might have sent herB.Must have sent herC.Could send herD.Would send her 38.Without the air holding in some of the sun's heat, the earth______cold at night, too cold for us to live on.A.Will be freezingB.Would be freezingC.An be frozenD.Would be frozen 39.The students in our university each______an English dictionary.That is to say, each of the students in our university______an English dictionary.A.Have;hasB.Have;haveC.Has;haveD.Has;has 40.Here's your kitchen.I hope you enjoy cooking here.Is there______else that you need? A.SomethingB.AnythingC.NothingD.Everything 41.David______his business partner over plans to reduce the workforce.A.Came down toB.Broke down toC.Fell out withD.Went along with 42.______is this piece of equipment to be removed from the building.A.On no accountB.AbsolutelyC.ScarcelyD.Not at all 43.Helen' s parents were______that she was still on the job., but she had resigned.A.In doubtB.Of the opinionC.Under the impressionD.With suspicion 44.----I don't think I will ever, in my life, win a lottery of five million dollars.----Well, ______.Anything can happen.A.You made itB.You're kiddingC.What you sayD.You can never tell 45.-----How did you find the concert in the Grand Theatre last night?-----______ but the conductor was perfect.A.I couldn't agree moreB.I didn't think much of itC.I was crazy about itD.I really liked itPart Three Cloze(15 marks)I have been reading a lot on my iPad recently, and I have some(46)_____(complain)not about the iPad itself but about the state of digital reading generally.Reading is a subtle thing, and its subtleties are artifacts of a venerable medium: words printed in ink on paper.Glass and pixels aren't the same.When I read a physical book, I don't have to look anywhere else to find out how much I've read.The iPad e---reader, iBooks tries to create the(47)illu_____ of a physical book.The pages seem to turn, and I can the edges of those that remain, but it's fake.There are always exactly six unturned pages, no matter(48)_____ I am in the book.Also, there is a larger problem.Books in their digital format look vastly less “finished”, or less genuine than real books.You can vary their font and type size, but this only makes them(49)_____(resemble)word---processed---no matter how(50)_____(wretch)or wonderful they are---will never look as good as Robert Hass's poems in the print edition of The Apple Trees at Olema.But your poems can look almost exactly as ugly---as “e---book---like”---as the Kindle version of that collection.All the e---book I've read have been ugly---books by Chang---rae Lee, Alvin Kernan, and Stieg Larsson---though the texts have been wonderful.I didn't grow up reading texts.I grew up reading books, and this(51)_____(differ)is important.When it comes to digital editions, the(52)_____(assume)seems to be that all books(53)are_____(create)equal.However, nothing could be further from the truth.In the mass migration from print to digital, we're seeing a profusion of digital books---many of them out of copyright---that look new and even “HD,” but which may well have been supplanted by more accurate editions and better translations.We need a digital readers' guide---a place where readers can find(54)_____ whether the book they're about todownload is the best available edition.(55)Fi_____, two related problems.I already have a personal library, but most of the books I've read have come from(56)_____(lend)libraries.Barnes & Noble has released an e---reader that allows short---term(57)_____(borrow)of some books.The entire idea behind Amazon's Kindle and Apple's iBooks assumes that you cannot read a book unless you own it first and that only you can read it unless you want to give your reading device to someone else.This goes against the social value of reading, the collective knowledge and(58)_____(collaborate)discourse that comes from access to(59)_____or our culture in general.Part Four Reading Comprehension(40 marks).Section A(10 marks).Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Not keen on reading? Do you have trouble finding a novel that arouses your interest? Why not follow Ammon Shea's example and start reading a dictionary?Mr Shea owns over 1,000 dictionaries and he reads them for fun.He recently spent a year reading all 20 volumes of the Oxford English Dictionary.The dictionary contains more than 20,000 pages and over 59 million words.As he read from A to Z, he noted down interesting words in a ledger.This includes words such as “happify,” meaning to make someone hap py and “tripudiate”, which means to dance, skip or leap for joy.Mr Shea also kept a diary about this experience, which has since become a best---selling book.Why did he do this? He claims it was fun.“I've always enjoyed reading dictionaries.They are far mo re interesting than people give then credit for,” he said.It appears that it was not his goal to sound more intelligent by using longer and more complex words.“I'm not against long, fancy or obscure words, but I'm opposed to using then for their own sake,” he said.In fact ,as a result of reading so many new words , Mr Sheaoften forgot everyday vocabulary.He wrote, “My head was so full of words that I often had trouble forming simple sentences.”Mr Shea is not alone in his love of reading dictionaries.Elaine Higgleton, a representative of Collins Cbuild dictionaries, explained that thousands of crossword puzzle and Srabble fans read dictionaries for fun and to improve their games.Ms Higgleton did however note that, “It's probably not the best way to learn En glish ,and you'd learn more than you need.” It is not known how many of the 59 million words Ms Shea remembers, but he has certainly made history with his eccentric hobby.Questions 61 to 65.Decide whether the following statements are True or False.61.Mr Shea has read 1.000 dictionaries.62.Mr Shea spent one month reading the Oxford English Dictionary.63.In Mr Shea's opinion,people don't give dictionaries enough credit for being interesting.64.Mr Shea thinks it is important t be able to use long and complicated words in everyday conversation.65.Elaine Higgleton thinks that reading a dictionary is the best way to learn English.Section B(10 marks)Questions 66 to 70are based on the following passage.Surfing is something people often get hooked on after trying it a few times.For many surfers it is much more than a hobby---they would probably agree with the American professional surfer Kelly Slater when he said,“Once you're in, you're in.There's no getting out.”“Surfing”, of course, refers to riding on ocean waves using a surfboard.Many surfers stand up on their boards, which requires god balance and is therefore difficult for most beginners to learn, but some lie down and “bodyboard”The history of surfing probably began with the Polynesian people of the Pacific Islands.One of the first white people to seeanyone surfing was the British explorer Captain Gook, when his ship arrived in Hawaii in 1779.He watched many Hawaiians riding waves on large pieces of wood, and reported that, “Surfing seems to give them a feelin g of great pleasure.”When surfing started to become very popular in the United States in the 1950's and 60s, surfers used large wooden boards(often more than three metres long)that were quite heavy.Boards today are shorter and also much lighter, because they are made of artificial materials instead of wood.For anyone who wants to try surfing.The only essentials are waves and a board.There are a few other things, however, that most surfers find important;a cord t attach one of their ankles to the board and therefore stop it from being carried a long way away when they fall off';wax, which they put on the surface of the board to help their feet stick to it;and a wetsuit to help them keep warm in cold water.The south---west of English is an example of a place where surfers usually need wetsuits, even in summer.Surfing has been a professional sport for many yeara and the very best surfers are able to make a living from it.Most of the best professional surfers in the last 30 years, both men and women, have been American or Australian, but surfers from Brazil, Peru and South Africa have also won important competitions.Questions 66 to 70 Answer the following questions with the information given in the assage in a maximum of 10 words for each question.66.Why do most beginners find it difficult t stand up on a surfboard? 67.In what part of the world did surfing probably begin? 68.When did surfing start to become very popular in the United States? 69.What do surfers use wax for? 70.According to the passage, in what part of the world do surfers usually need wetsuits? Section C(10 marks)Questions 71to 75 are based on the following passage.The latest human development report from the United Nations Development Programmed(UNDP)contains some good news, but also a very serious warning about the threat posed y climate change.The report, published annually since 1990, seeks to asses “human development” around the world, and calculates a “Human Development Index(HDI)for 169 counties.The HDI is based on average income, life expectancy and level of education in a country.Not surprisingly, rich counties tend to have higher HDIs than poor counties, but there are interesting variations in human development among countries with similar levels of economic development, because some have better health and education systems than others.According to the 2010 report, the county with the highest level of human development is Norway, followed by Australia, New Zealand, the United States and Ireland.Most of the lowest HDIs belong to counties in sub-Saharan Africa.Almost all counties around the worlds have higher HDIs now than in 1990, despite the fact that since the 2008 financial crisis, the total number of people living in extreme poverty has increased.The report concludes that most people are healthier, live longer, are better educated and have access to more goods and services.Even in countries with severe economic problems, people’s level of health and education as generally improved.Although sub-Saharan African countries are at the bottom of the pile in terms of human development, some of them have made significant progress since 1990.The report is critical, however, of the fact economic inequality has increased significantly in the last twenty years, both within and between countries.The greatest threat to improving HDIs in the future, according to the report, is climate change.Economic growthincreases average incomes in a country through increasing production and consumption.However , if this leads to greater emissions of greenhouse gases, as has always been the case in the past, global warning will probably accelerate, and cause severe environmental problems in some parts of the world hat will threaten the livelihoods of huge numbers f people.The progress of the last twenty years, therefore, might not be sustainable.The only solution, according to the report, I to break the link between economic growth and greenhouse gas emissions-which, needless to say, is easier, said than done.Questions 71 to 75 Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage in a maximum of 10 words for each blank.71.The concept of “human development” is based on the following three factors: _______, _____________and_____________.72.Some countries with similar levels of economic development have quite different HDIs because they have_____________.73._________________has caused the number of people living in extreme poverty to increase since 2008.74.The report says that ______________ is the greatest threat to increasing HDIs in the future.75.The report says the link between____________ and ____________needs to be broken.Section D(10 marks)Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways;that they are possessive and dominant;that they do not trust their children to deal with crises: that they talk too much about certain problems-and that they have no sense o humor, at least parent-child relationships.I think it is true that parents oftenunderestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young.Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes, hairstyles, entertainers and music.This is not their motive.They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted, so they create a culture and society and their own.Then, if it turns out that their music, entertainers, vocabulary, clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment.They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.Sometimes teenagers are resistant and proud because they do not want their parents to approve of what they do.If they did approve, it looks as if the teenager is betraying his own age group.All this is assuming that the teenager is the underdog: he can not win but at least he can keep his honor.This is a passive way of looking at things.It is natural enough after years of childhood, when children were completely under their parent’s control, but it ignores the fact that when they become teenagers, children are beginning to be responsible for themselves.If you plan to control your life, co-operation should be a part of that plan.You can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want.You can also impress people with your of responsibility and your initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.Questions 76 to 78 Choose the best answer according to the passage.76 the first paragraph is mainly about_____________.A teenagers’ criticism of their parents B misunderstanding between teenagers and their parents C the dominance of parents over their children D teenagers’ ability to deal with crisesteenagers have strange clothes and hairstyles because they___________ A have a strong desire to be leaders in style andtaste B want to prove their existence by creating a culture of their own C have no other way to enjoy themselves D want to irritate their parent 78 teenagers do not want their parents to approve of what they do because they _______________.A have already been accepted into adult world B feel that they are superior to adult world C want to win adults over to their culture D don’t want to appear to be disloyal to their own age group Question 79 to 80 Translate the sentences in the passage into Chinese 79 I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they felt themselves when were young 80 You can charm other people, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want.Part V translate(10 mark)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given brackets.Remember to write your answer on the answer sheet.81 他以牺牲健康为代价获得财富。
全国大学生英语竞赛必背词汇
全国大学生英语竞赛必背词汇nourish vt 提供养分，养育nourishment 食物，营养情况novelty 新颖，新奇的事物novel 新奇的，异常的nucleus 原子核，细胞核number vt 共计，达……之数numerical 数字的，数值的nun 修女，尼姑nursery 苗圃，养鱼池nut 螺母oar 桨，划手vi 划行oath 誓言，誓约，宣誓obedience 服从，顺从，管辖obedient 服从的，顺从的objective 宾格，目标的obligation 义务，职责，责任oblige vt 使感激，施恩惠于obscure 阴暗的，蒙昧的observation 意见，短评observe vi 说，评述obstinate 固执的，顽强的occurrence 事故offence 犯罪，犯规，冒犯offensive 冒犯的，进攻的offer vt 呈现出，vi 出现offspring 儿女，子孙，后代ohm 欧姆olive 橄榄，橄榄树onwards 向前的，在前面opaque 不透明的，不传导的operation 运算opium 鸦片，麻醉剂optical 光的，光学的optimum 最适条件，最适度optimism 乐观，乐观主义option 选择，取舍orchard 果园orchestra 管弦乐队的全部乐器ordinarily 通常，大概orient 东方，亚洲，远东orientation 向东，方向，定位originate vi 发源，vt 首创ornament n装饰物，vt 装修otherwise ad 另外，在其他方面ought 早应该，本应outbreak 战争愤怒等爆发peacock 孔雀peak 尖端，v 达到最高峰peck vv 啄，啄起peculiarity 特性，独特性，怪癖pedal 踏脚，踏板pedestrian 行人，步行者pedlar 小贩peel 果皮，蔬菜皮，v 剥皮，除掉peer vi 凝视，隐约出现pendulum 钟等的摆penetration 穿入，渗透，侵入perception 感觉，概念，理解力perch 禽鸟的栖木，vi 栖息，停留perfect vt 使熟练，使改善perfection 尽善尽美，无比精确peril 危机，危险的事情perimeter 周边，周长periodic 周期的，一定时期的periodical 期刊，杂质peripheral 周界的，末梢的perish vi 死亡，夭折，枯萎perpendicular 垂直的，垂线perpetual 永久的，四季开花的perplex vt 迷惑，困惑，难住persecute vt 迫害，残害persevere 坚持，不屈不挠persist vi 持续，存留persistence 坚持，持续，存留personality 个性，人格，人物personnel 人事部门persuasion 劝说，说服，主张pertinent 恰当的，有关的petition 情愿vt 向……请愿petty 细小的，气量小的photoelectric 光电的photography 摄影术，摄影physically ad 物质上，体格上pickle 腌制食品，泡菜pier 桥墩，码头pierce vt 穿透，戳穿，洞察pilgrim 香客，朝圣者pineapple 凤梨，菠萝pirate 海盗piston 活塞pitch 人造树脂，沥青plague 瘟疫，鼠疫，天灾prevalent 流行的，盛行的prey 猎物，vi 捕获prevention 预防，阻止，妨碍prick vt 刺穿，刺孔primitive 远古的，未开化的principally ad 主要，大抵printer 印刷工，印花工priority 优先，重点prism 棱柱体，棱镜probe 探针，vt 用探针探查proceeding 程序，行动，事项producer 生产者，舞台监督productive 生产的，出产……的proficiency 熟练，精通proficient 熟练的，精通的productivity 生产率，多产profitable 有利的，有益的profound 深刻的，渊博的program vi 编制程序projector 投影仪，探照灯prolong vt 延长，拉长，拖延promotion 促进，提升，创立promptly ad 敏捷地，迅速地propaganda 宣传，宣传机构propagate vt 繁殖，传播，普及propagation 繁殖，传播，蔓延propel vt 推动，推进propeller 螺旋桨，推进器proper 合乎体统的，正派的prophecy 预言，语言能力prophet 预言家，先知proposition 命题，主题，提议prose 散文proton 质子prototype 原型，典型，范例proverb 谚语，格言，箴言province 领域，范围，职权provision 规定，条款，条项provoke vt 对……挑衅，激发prudent 谨慎的，精明的psychology 心理学，心理puff vi 喘气，喷烟等pulley 滑轮，滑车，皮带轮punch vt 冲压，n冲压机puppy 小狗，幼小动物purify vt 提纯，精炼金属reconcile vt 使和好，调停rectangle 矩形，长方形recreation 消遣，娱乐活动rectify vt 纠正，调整，精馏reed 芦笛，牧笛reef 礁石，暗礁reel vt 卷，绕referee 裁判员，vt 当裁判reference 参考文献，参考系数refinery 精炼厂，提炼厂refrain vi 抑制，制止，忍住refreshment （精力的）恢复，爽快refugee 难民，流亡者regenerative 使再生，革新的regime 政体，政权，制度regiment 团，军团，一大群regularity 规则性，整齐regulation 规章，规则，调节regulate vt 调整，调节，对准reign 朝代relay vt 分程传递，使接替reject vt 舍弃，抛弃，排斥religion 信念，信条remainder 剩余物，余数repay vv 偿还，报答repeal vt撤销，放弃，n 撤销repel vt 拒绝，使厌恶replace vt 送还，归还，赔还replacement 送还，取代，置换，归还report 传说，议论representation 描写，陈述，代表representative 代表性的，代议制的reproduce vt 仿造reproduction 再生产，繁殖reptile 爬行动物，两栖动物requisite 需要的，必需品resemblance 相似，相似性reserve 缄默，自我克制reside vi 居住，驻扎，属于resent vt 对……不满，怨恨reservation 保留，预定，预订residual 剩余的，残余的resident 常住者resignation 听从，屈从，顺从resolute 坚决的，果敢的scan n 扫描，扫掠scandal 丑闻scar n. 伤疤scarcity n 缺乏，不足，萧条scarlet n 猩红热a 猩红的scheme vt. 计划vi 搞阴谋scholarship 学问，学识，奖学金scoff vv 嘲笑，嘲弄scope n眼界scorch vi 烧焦，枯萎；挖苦scout vt 收索，侦查，跟踪scramble vi &n 爬行，攀登scrap n 碎片，废料；vt 废弃scratch n 起跑线，起步线scrub n&vt 擦洗，擦净sculpture n 圣经，经书seam n 缝口，接缝，骨缝seaport 海港，港口，港市seaside 海滨胜地，海边second vt 赞成，支持section 切下的部分seemingly ad 表面上，外表上segment n 切片，部分；段，节selection n 精选的东西，选择senator 参议员，评议员sensation n 感觉，知觉，轰动senseless a 愚蠢的，无意义的sensible a 明显的，感觉得到的sensitivity n 敏感性，灵敏性sensor 传感器，灵敏元件sequence 序列sentiment n 感情，情操；情绪set 集合sermon n布道，讲道，说教settlement n 调停，新住宅区severe a 激烈的，简朴的shabby 褴褛的，破旧的shade n色彩的浓淡，深浅shady a可疑的，靠不住的shaft n 工具的柄，杆状物sham n假冒，赝品，vt. 假装shame vt 使羞愧，玷辱shark 贪婪狡猾的人，鲨鱼sharply 严厉地，苛刻地shatter vt 粉碎，破碎，毁坏sheer a 纯粹的，全然的slide n 滑板，滑座vi 降低slim a 细长的，微小的slit vt切开n 狭长的切口slumber 睡眠，沉睡状态，vi 睡眠smart vi刺疼，扎疼，剧痛a 漂亮的smuggle vt私运vi走私snacks 快餐，小吃vi 吃点心snail 行动缓慢的人；蜗牛snap vt 猛咬，突然折断；快门声sneer vi&n 冷笑；嘲笑sneeze vi打喷嚏sniff vi 用鼻子吸vt 嗅n 呼吸snob 势利小人snobbish a 势利的，谄上欺下的snore vi 打鼾，打呼噜n 打呼噜声sociology 社会学sodium 钠soften vt 使软化vi 变软弱softness 温和，柔和，软弱solidarity 团结，休戚相关solidify vi&vt 团结，凝固solo 独唱，独奏，独唱曲sophisticated 老于世故的，高级的sorrowful a 使人伤心的，悲伤的sovereign 君主；统治的souvenir 纪念品soy 酱油，大豆，黄豆spacious a 广阔的，广大的span 桥墩间的墩距spatial 空间的，占据空间的specialize vt 使专门化，专业化species 种，物种，种类specification 载明，详述，规格spectacle 场面，景象，奇观speculate vi 思索，沉思，投机spectrum 系列，范围，波谱spectator 参观者，观众spherical 球形的，球面的spice 香料，调味品，香气spill v 泄露n 摔下，跌下spiral 螺旋形的，盘旋的spite 恶意，怨恨splash vt 溅泼vi 泼水n 溅split n 分裂，分化；派系spokesman 发言人，代言人squash vt 压碎n 鲜果汁subscription 预约，用户，订阅费subsequent 随后的，后来的subsequently 其后，其次，接着subsidiary 辅助的，补充的substance 财产，内容，本旨substantial 物质的，坚固的subtle 微妙的，精巧的succession 继承权，后裔successor 继承人，继任者suffice vi足够，有能力suicide n vv自杀suit 使配合，彼此协调sullen 绷着脸不高兴的summary 概括的，速决的summit 顶点，最高点，极度summon 召唤，鼓起勇气superb 壮丽的，超等的superficial 表面的，肤浅的superiority 优越性，优势supersonic 超声的，超声速的superstition 迷信，迷信行为supervise vv 监督，监视supplement n补遗，附录，增刊suppress vt镇压，抑制，隐瞒surplus 过剩，剩余物资surpass vt 超过，超越，胜过suspicious 可疑的，猜疑的sweeten 使变甜，变甜sweetness 甜蜜，新鲜，温和swell vi&vt 使膨胀，隆起switch 树木的软枝条symmetry 对称性，匀称symmetrical 对称的，匀称的symphony 交响乐，交响乐团symposium 酒会，座谈会symptom 症状，症候，征兆synthesis n 合成，综合，综合物systematic 成体系的，分类的systematically 系统地，有规则地tabulate vt 把……制成表，列表显示tack 平头钉vt钉住tackle vt 解决，对付n用具tact 机敏，圆滑，得体tactics n 策略，战术，兵法tangle vt 使纠缠，使缠结tape vt 系，捆tow vt&n 拖引，牵引towards 为了，有助于Tower vi 高耸，屹立，翱翔track vi 留下足迹，n 轨迹，航迹trade vi 做买卖，交换trader 商人；商船tradesman 商人，手艺人tragic 悲剧性的，悲惨的tramp vv 践踏，蹂躏tranquil 平静的，稳定的transaction 处理，交易，和解transform vt 变压，变换transition 转变，变迁，过渡transmission 遗传，传染transplant vv移植，移种transverse 横切的traverse vv 横越，横贯，横越tread vv 踩踏，践踏treasurer 司库，财务主管trench 深沟，战壕，壕沟triangular 三角的，三者间的tribute 贡物，献礼，贡献trifle vi 玩忽，闲混，戏耍trigger 扳机，vt 触发，引起triumphant 得胜的，得意洋洋的trivial 琐碎的，平常的trolley 手推车，无轨电车troop vi 集会，n 一群，一队，大量tropical 热带的，炎热的trot vi&n 小跑，慢跑troublesome 累赘的，困难的tuberculosis 结核病，肺结核tug vi 用力拖，n猛拉，拖tulip 郁金香turtle 海龟tuna 金枪鱼tutor vt 教，指导twilight 黎明，黄昏，曙光twist vt 歪曲，曲解tyranny n 暴政，专制，残暴tyrant n暴君，专制君主ultimate a基本的，最终的ultrasonic a超声的n超声波ultraviolet a紫外的，紫外线辐射unanimous a （全体）一致的uncertain a 不定的，无常的vigour n活力，精力，元气villa n别墅，城郊小屋vine n蔓，藤，藤本植物violation n违犯，侵犯，妨碍violent a狂暴的，歪曲的Virgin n处女，a处女的visa n签证viscous 黏滞的，黏性的vision 眼光，视力，想象力vitamin 维生素，维他命vocation 职业，行业vocabulary 词汇表，词汇汇编void 空的，无效的；空处volunteer 志愿者，vt 志愿vow 誓言，誓约，许愿vi 发誓vowel 元音，元音字母vulgar 粗俗的，庸俗的wade vt 趟河，跋涉wag vt 摇摆，摆动wagon 敞篷车厢waitress 女侍者，女服务员walnut 胡桃，胡桃树ward n 病房，病室，监房wardrobe 衣柜，衣橱，藏衣室ware 商品，货物，物品warehouse 仓库，货栈warfare 战争，战争状态warning 警告，告诫，鉴诫warrant n 许可证，委任状wasp 黄蜂，马蜂wasteful a 浪费的，破坏性的watchful 注意的，警惕的watertight 不漏水的，防水的watery 水的，湿的，乏味的Watt 瓦特waver vi 摇摆，犹豫不决way n 状态，情形weaver 织布工，编制者web 网，丝，网状物wedge 楔vt 楔入，挤入whale 鲸；庞然大物wharf 码头，停泊所whereby ad 靠什么，靠那个whilst conj 同……同时，然而whisker vt 低声地讲，私下说white 白种人的11。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)核心词汇全突破【核心释义+例句搭配+巧记速记】Word List 4
Word List4frustrate[frʌ'streɪt]v.挫败；阻挠；使灰心【例句】A poor memory frustrated her efforts to become an actress.糟糕的记忆力阻碍了她成为女演员。
【搭配】be frustrated in在……方面归于失败【派生】frustration n.挫折‖frustrated adj.挫败的；泄气的；失意的‖frustrating adj.令人泄气的，使人沮丧的disapprove[]v.不赞成，不同意【例句】She wants to be an actress,but her parents disapprove.她想当演员,但她父母不赞成。
【搭配】disapprove of sth.对某事不赞成【派生】disapproving adj.反对的，不赞成的‖disapprovingly adv.不以为然地；不赞成地‖disapproval n.不赞成；不喜欢abduct[əb'dʌkt]vt.诱拐；绑架【例句】The Amber Alert program was created in1996to help find children believed to be abducted.1996年，人们启用了“安珀警戒”来寻找可能被绑架的孩子。
（2007年初赛）concession[kən'seʃn]n.让步，妥协；退位；特许（权）；承认，认可【例句】To sell the house,we made a concession to the buyer by agreeing to put a new roof on it.为把房子卖出去，我们对买主做出让步，同意给房子加个新房顶。
（2009年初赛）【同根】concessive adj.有妥协性的，让步的admit[əd'mɪt]v.承认；容许，接纳，准许进入【例句】①He admits that his team really looks up to him to play a role of responsibility.他承认他的队员非常尊重他，因为他很负责。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类(本科生)章节习题详解(翻 译)【圣才出品】
第五章翻译第一节命题分析1. 考核要求该部分分为英译汉和汉译英两个部分。
英译汉考查参赛者照顾上下文及语言表达等的综合翻译能力。
考生应该能从语篇的角度正确理解概念或结构稍显复杂的英语材料，并能用准确、达意的汉语书面表达出来。
汉译英其本质是考察英语中的常见句法、核心语法理解及一些固定搭配的使用的考察。
2. 出题形式英译汉采取整段翻译的形式进行考查；汉译英要求考生在翻译句子时，要正确运用题目中所给出的英语短语、句型等。
3. 试题特点（1）英译汉文章内容选材没有明显的规律可循，题材非常广泛，人文、历史、科技、社会均有涉及，体裁以说明文、记叙文为主，散文、议论文也曾出现过。
（2）英译汉段落中通常有结构较为复杂的复合句。
大多数句子无难词、偏词。
（3）汉译英单句翻译均有相关单词、短语或句型的提示。
第二节技巧指南一、解题步骤（一）英译汉竞赛题中的英译汉翻译是有上下语境的，因此在动笔之前一定要仔细阅读整篇文章，弄清其大意，并特别注意划线句子与上下文之间的逻辑关系，准确地传达出划线句子的意思。
英译汉可按照以下几个步骤进行：1. 通读全文明确全文主旨，根据文体确定译文的语言色彩一般而言，科技科普等说明文译文措辞应严谨准确，记叙文文体翻译时要注意作者带有的感情色彩，散文要尽量追求语言的美感。
2. 分析复合句的句子结构（1）确定句子主句与从句的关系，找出句子的骨干，即主句的主谓结构，明确从句的功能；（2）找出句中的非谓语动词、介词短语和插入语，界定其修饰对象；（3）要注意分析句子成分是否有省略的地方。
3. 理解语句的含义不仅要弄清句子中所有实词和虚词的含义，还要理解全句的整体意思及该句子所处的具体语言环境。
包括以下几点：（1）句子中是否含有代词和其他具有指代意义的词，如it, they, them, this, that, these, those和other等所指代的词或词组，如果有，应根据上下文确定它们指代的内容是什么；（2）句子中的短语和一些常用的词具有多种含义和用法的，应结合上下文，确定其具体含义是什么；（3）结合上下文推断个别生词的意思，理解句中出现的常用搭配；（4）检查该部分的意义与全文的内容是否一致。
全国大学生英语竞赛C类复习整理(超全)
全国大学生英语竞赛C类资料整理Part I听力特别注意：听力内容均是只播放一遍！Section A 5段短对话，分别1个小问题。
Section B 2段长对话，分别5个小问题。
前两部分的长短对话难度其实不是很大，主要是尽快让自己进入状态，听力只有一遍，上一题没听到，就赶紧猜一个，千万不要影响后面的题目。
Section C 5段短新闻，分别1个小问题，内容均是摘自BBC或VOA的新闻。
现在只剩下一个月时间，要大家一直对着BBC或是VOA广播听也不是办法，建议大家上沪江英语学习的BBC或VOA小组，里面的内容一般都是筛选过的，每天听一些，熟悉一下英美人士的发音就好。
Section D 1段长文章，共有10个空格，注意要填写的可能是单词也可能是短语。
最后就是关于考听力的一些提示，毕竟英语竞赛的听力考试是播放录音的，各考场分配到的带子质量不一，考场环境有好有坏。
假设你实在太倒霉了，带子播放不清晰，环境吵杂（监考老师也很可能帮不了你，因为大多监考老师不是英语老师），也不要心慌，冷静下来尽量听到关键词，加上自己的大胆猜测，蒙对的概率也是很大的。
情景词汇大归纳在学校：grade 等级；mark 分数；semester 学期；assignment 作业；lecture 演讲，讲稿；scholarship 奖学金；test 测试；vacation 假期；credit学分；quiz小测验；top student 优等生在医院：medicine 药；injection 注射；diagnose 诊断；prescription 处方；patient 病人；ache 疼痛；stomachache 胃疼，肚子痛；toothache 牙痛；headache 头痛；high fever 发高烧；sore throat 嗓子痛；mumps 腮腺炎；measles 麻疹；lung cancer 肺癌；liver cancer 肝癌；heart attack 心脏病发作；physician 内科医生；surgeon 外科医生；pediatrician 儿科医生；vet 兽医；recovery (from) （病后）痊愈，恢复；operation 手术; doctor 医生；nurse 护士；ward 病房;emergency-ward 急诊病房；cough 咳嗽; temperature 体温；blood pressure 血压；在宾馆: reception desk 接待处；front desk 前台；vacant room 空房；single room 单人间；double room双人间；reserve/book 预定；check in 登记住入；check out 结帐离开；porter 行李搬运工；tip 小费；full 客满；room service 房间服务部，服务到屋在商店：bargain 便宜货；receipt 收据；cashier 出纳；shop assistant 售货员；salesclerk 店员；fake commodities 假冒伪劣商品；size 尺寸；color 颜色；style 式样; price 价格；guarantee 保修; expiration period 保质期；after-sale service售后服务；fashion 时髦，时尚；cheap 便宜的；expensive 昂贵的；counter 柜台在机场：flight 航班；passport 护照；visa 签证；board 登机；reservation 预约；airhostess 空中小姐；pilot 飞行员；duty-free shop 免税店；airport 机场在餐馆：waiter 服务员；waitress 女服务员；order 点菜；menu 菜单；bill 帐单；drink 饮料；soft drink 不含酒精的饮料；salad 色拉；soup 汤；dessert 甜点；roast beef 烤牛肉；pork 猪肉；mutton 羊肉；lamb 羔羊肉；chicken 鸡肉；fish 鱼肉；steak 牛排；go Dutch 各付各的，AA制；on the house 免费；It is my treat (it’s on me)我请客在法院：sue 控告；legal 合法的；accuse 控告；the accused /defendant 被告；the plaintiff /accuser 原告；charge 控诉；convict 宣告有罪；client 委托人，当事人；judge 法官；sentence 判刑；imprisonment 关押，监禁；capital punishment 死罪；death penalty 死刑在邮局：postage 邮资；letter 信件；postcard 明信片；stamp 邮票；envelope 信封；parcel 包裹；registered mail 挂号信；air mail 航空邮件；ordinary mail 普通邮件；express mail 快件；telegram 电报；money order 汇款在银行：current/checking account 活期帐户；deposit account 定期帐户；savings account 储蓄帐户；balance 余额；check 支票；bank clerk 银行职员；interest rate 利率；cash 现金；dollar 美圆；pound 英镑；open an account 开户；withdraw some money 取出一些钱和旅行有关的词汇：package tour 由旅行社承包一切的旅行；travel agent 旅行代理人，旅行代办人；travel agency 旅行社；travel map 旅游图；traveler’s check 旅行支票；brochure 小册子；place of (historical) interest 历史名胜；seaside resort海边度假胜地和体育有关的词汇：gymnastics 体操；high jump 跳高；long--jump跳远；discus铁饼；shot put 铅球；aerobics健美操；power walking竞走；figure skating花样滑冰；surfing冲浪；jogging慢跑；canoeing划船；fencing击剑；judo柔道；cricket板球；roller skating旱冰；weight –lifting 举重；rowing赛船；badminton羽毛球；sumo(-wrestling) 相扑与新闻相关的词汇Negotiations谈判, delegate代表 , delegation代表（团）, summit 峰会 , declaration 宣布sponsor发起者（倡议者）, resolve their differences 消除分歧, promote peace 促进和平, boost economic co-op加强经济合作make concession/compromise作出妥协,pass a resolution通过决议veto a bill否决议案break the deadlock打破僵局a scientific breakthrough科学突破an unexpected outcome出乎意料的结果sign/ratify an accord/deal/treaty/pact/agreement 签署协议diplomatically isolated country在外交上被孤立的国家diplomatic solutions外交解决方案military option军事解决途径(动用武力)escalating tension逐步升级的局势military coupe军事政变forced from office被赶下台step down/aside下台on the brink of war处于战争边缘hot spot热点,take hostilities toward..对..采取敌对态度sporadic fighting断断续续的战斗rebels 叛军wounded, killed, injury, death, casualties伤亡heavy fighting激战 , genocide种族灭绝relief effort救济工作humanitarian aid人道主义援助ethnic cleansing种族排斥broker/mediate a ceasefire/truce促成停火refugee 难民illegal aliens非法移民mediator调解员end the bloodshed结束流血事件special envoy特使peace-keeping forces维和部队 national convention国民大会guerrilla war游击战争,border dispute边境争端 armed conflict武装冲突reconciliation调解fight corruption反腐败corrupted election腐败的选举peace process和平进程 give a boost to...促进 booming economy促进经济发展civil war内战 mutual benefits/interests双赢cruise missile 巡航导弹come to a conclusion达成一致coalition forces联合军队interim/transitional government过渡政府sluggish economy萧条的经济on high alert 处于高级戒备状态rebellion叛乱 rebel forces叛军Defense Minister国防部长 evacuate疏散Pentagon五角大楼impose/break a deadline规定/打破最后期限retaliate报复banking reform金融改革commissioner代表go bankrupt破产file for bankruptcy提出破产deputy代表sensitive敏感 hostage人质 kidnapped French nationals被绑架的法国人rescue救援 release释放invade入侵US-led invasion美国领导的入侵right-wing extremists右翼极端分子external forces外部力量warring factions交战各方topple the government推翻政府disarmament agreement裁军协议mandate 托管，命令boycott 抵制embargo 禁运，禁止通商impose sanctions against...实施制裁dismantle销毁the implementation of an accord执行决议germ warfare介子战争to ease the ban on ivory trade缓解对象牙贸易的禁令to harbor sb.保护animal conservation动物保护threatened/endangered species濒危物种illegal poaching非法捕猎face extinction濒临灭亡stagnant/ recession 萧条financial crisis金融危机deflation通货紧缩inflation通货膨胀 retail prices零售价格whole sale prices批发价格suicide bombing自杀性袭击事件dispute纠纷 crisis危机 conflict冲突 holy war圣战administration管理 regime制度claim responsibility for...声称负责suspend停止resume继续 ,Gallup/opinion/exit poll， survey民意调查provocation挑衅,rule out the possibility of...排除可能性stand trial受审put ....on trial审判某人sue，file suit against...状告radioactive放射性 radiation辐射uranium enrichment program铀浓缩计划suspect, arrest, detain, in custody被囚禁on human rights abuse charges反人权罪名HIV positive HIV阳性malaria, diabetes, hypertension,lung cancer, breast cancer疟疾，糖尿病，高血压，肺癌，乳腺癌fight poverty/starvation/hunger/disease/virus 抗击贫困，饥饿，疾病，病毒stop the spread of...停止传播…crack down on...严打illegal drug trafficking毒品贩运piracy, pirated products盗版产品fake goods假货notorious臭名昭著 bloody tyrant血腥独裁者,execute/execution处决 death penalty死刑seminar研讨小组 forum论坛peace conference 和会 national convention全国代表大会his counterpart同等级别的人my predecessor/successor我的前任/后任coalition party联合政党post-war reconstruction战后重建pre-war intelligence战前情报radar雷达 espionage间谍spying activity间谍行为,electronic warfare电子战争chemical/biological/nuclear warfare化学/生物/核战争Part II词汇和结构一共15小题，考的语法知识不是太难，四六级之间的程度。
最全全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题及答案(C类)最全版本(包括经验)
2010 National English Contest for College Students(Level C--- Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Part II Vocabulary and Structures ( 15 marks )There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each blank there are four choices, marked A, B C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.31. When Ian was injured, Harry was chosen as last-minute for the rugby team.A. preferenceB. diversificationC. alternativeD. replacement32.—Hello, Mr. Brown, I’m ringing about our component delivery. It’s notarrived yet and it’s already three o’clock in the afternoon.—Let’s see...it’s reach you on Tuesday afternoon.A. owing toB. likely toC. due toD. subject to33. Among the last groups of people to accept the new model were religious groups, who still the idea that the earth was the center of the universe.A. clung toB. applied toC. adapted toD. contributed to34. Although apparently rigid, bones exhibit a degree of elasticity that enables the skeleton to considerable impact.A. escapeB. overwhelmC. withstandD. suppress35.—Would you like me to go to the dentist with you?—No, you with me.A. need not to goB. need not goC. do not need goD. not need godiagnosed with cancer.A. aggressivelyB. drasticallyC. exactlyD. initially37. Great minds generally look at life in a way to themselves.A. peculiarB. confinedC. similarD. unusual38. They called in an electrician he could put a finger on the cause of the short circuit.A. to hopeB. to be hopingC. hopingD. to have hoped39. The resistance experienced when one body moves over another, it is in contact, is called frictional force.A. to whichB. whereC. with whichD. while40. Above all, they want to study a question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?A. contraryB. fundamentalC. solemnD. progressive41.—Tina, I hear you had a good journey to the Maldives last week, How was it?—I enjoyed the beautiful scenery, but the hotel was satisfactory.A. not anythingB. nothing fromC. nothing butD. anything but42.At the beginning of the 20th century, people made coffee a cloth bag full of coffee grounds into boiling water.A. by dumpingB. to dumpC. for dumpingD. that dumped43. If you Susan recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.A. shouldn’t contactB. hadn’t contactC. weren’t to contactD.didn’t contact44. B eata: I’ve put the job advertisement in the newspaper, Mr. Trim.Trim: Good.Beata: Well, it was a bit more than the ＄10 that they quoted us.Trim: As long as it wasn’t ＄10 a day.A.How to schedule it?B. How much was it?C. How often was it put there?D. How about the newspaper?45. Woman: Who is Jackie Tow? I have a parcel here for him.Jackie: That’s me.Woman: Yes, put your name here.Jackie: Thank you. It must be the new pair of shoes I bought online.A. This is the receipt for it.B. Do you have the sender’s address?C. I have to check the packageD. Do I have to sign for it?Part III Cloze (10 marks)Read the following passage and fill in each blank with one word. Choose the word in one of the following three ways: according to the context, by using the correct form of the given word, or by using the given letters of the word. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Where The Wild Thing Are“I didn’t set out to make a children’s movie,” says Being john Malkovich director Spike Jonze , “I set out to make a movie about childhood.” Indeed, like the recent alternative children’s book (46) adapt , Fantastic MrFox, this is more like an adult film (47) children’s clothing －or rather in Jim Henson monster suits. When rambunctious (无法无天) nine-year-old Max feels (48) ig by his busy single mum and her new boyfriend, and runs away (49) home , he finds himself on an island populated by huge, hairy, scary Wild Things. Here, he gets himself crowned king, and he and the monsters fight and play, and throw mud at each other (which the younger viewers will love). They return home. That’s it .And that’s your problem. As a film , I can’t (50) de it’s disappointing. Despite whimsical (异想天开) imaginative and heart-tugging moments, Jonze and co-writer Dave Eggers inevitably lose the wonderful subtlety (精妙之处) of Maurice sendak’s well-loved 338-word picture book just by (51) (spin) it out into a full-length feature. Enough already! We get this dysfunctional group of neurotic Wild Things (52) rep Max’s child’s eye view of grown-ups as comprehensible giants, both terrifying and loving. (53) , even the repetitive action and non-subtleties (54) ,make this feel more like family therapy than a fairy (55)t can’t destroy the film’s haunting magic.Part IV Reading Comprehension (40marks)Read the following passages carefully and answer the questions given. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.Section A (10 marks)HOLDAYS IN WALES1. Rhos –Ddu Country CottagesYnys, Criccieth LL532 OPBDelightful hideaway cottages with private fishing. Comfortably furnished with antiques, old oak beams, log fires, giving the aura and grace of a bygone age, but with all the essentials of the 20th century –sauna, jacuzzi , four poster bed ,snooker table… A holiday venue one rarely finds –but often dreams of. For Enquiries contact:Mrs A JonesRhandir, Boduan, Pwllheli Gwynedd, LL53 8UA2. Five Star CottageTalhenbont hall, Talhenbont, Criccieth, GwyneddEnq: Roger & Gillian GoodLovingly restored stone cottage and hunting lodge in 70 acre wooded country estate with river. A luxurious and carefree holiday for the discerning. Available throughout the year.Woodland walks and wildlife.Free tennis, riding and fishing .One mile from coast, five miles Snowdonia . Under the personal supervision of the owners.3.Windsor Flats12 Marine Terrace, Criccieth,Gwynedd,LL52 OEFOn sea front close to Criccieth fortable, clean,fully equipped,completely private flats,in picturesque village central for Snowdonia and the Llyn Peninula. Climbing, sailing, fishing, walking, tennis and golf closeby. Colour TV,payphone.Bed linen supplied. Short breaks available out of season.Write or phone for brochure.4.Dwyach CottagesCticciech, GwyneddEnquiries: Mrs S Edwards Pen-y-Bryn,Chwilog, Pwllheli, Gwyhedd,LL53 6SXEnjoy a peaceful holiday in beautifully situated farmhouse or single storey cottage. This is an area of unrivalled natural beauty, the haunt of buzzards and woodpeckers. Cottages are superbly equipped to make your holiday relaxed and memorable. Dishwasher , washer/dryer, microwave, linen, children’s play area, barbecue and farm trail.5.Bron Afon Self CateringBorth-y-Gest, Phorthmadog, Gwynedd, LL49 9TUSituated only minutes from the beach with fabulous views of garden, sea and mountains. The accommodation is quiet and private. An ideal base for touring , walking, climbing, fishing, the slate mines, castles, Portmeirion, Porthmadog leisure centre or just relaxing on the beach.Bed & Breakfast also available.Question 56 to 58: Decide whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the advertisements.56.To have a holiday in a delightful hideaway cottage ,you should contact Mrs S Edwards.57.In the Cticcieth Five Star Hotel , free tennis ,game fishing, riding and golf are available.58.Short breaks are available out of season in the Llyn Peninsula.Question 59 to 60:Answer the following questions briefly according to the advertisements.59. If you plan to have a holiday with your children, what is the best place?60.What will you enjoy most in Bron Afon Self Catering?Section B(10 marks)The giant panda,the creature that has become a symbol of conservation ,is facing extinction. The major reason is loss of habitat, which has contitued despite the establishment of 14 panda reserves . Deforestation , mainly carried out by farmers clearing land to make way for fields as they move higher into the mountains,has drastically contracted the mammal’s range. The panda has disappeared from much of central and eastern China, and is now restricted to the eastern flank of the Himalayas.Satellite imagery has shown the seriousness of the situation ; almost half of the panda’s habitat has been cut down or degraded since 1975.Worse ,the surviving panda population has also become fragmented; a combination of satellite imagery and ground surveys reveals panda “islands” in patches of forest separated by cleared land. The population of these islands has become isolated because the animals are loath to cross open areas .Just putting a road through panda habitat may be enough to split a population in two.The minuscule size of the panda populations worries conservationists. The smallest groups have too few animals to be viable, and will inevitably die out .The larger populations may be viable in the short term, but will be susceptible to genetic defects as a result of inbreeding.In these circumstances, a more traditional threat to pandas – the cycle of flowering and subsequent withering of the bamboo that is their staple food –can become literally species-threatening. The flowering prompts pandas to move from one area to another, thus preventing inbreeding in otherwise sedentary populations. In pandas, however, bamboo flowering could prove catastrophic （灾难性的）because the pandas are unable emigrate.The latest conservation management plan for the panda, prepared by China’s Ministry of Forestry and the World Wide Fund for Nature, aims primarily at maintaining panda habitats and ensuring that populations are linked wherever possible. This plan will change some existing reserve boundaries, establish 14 new reserves and protect or replant corridors-of forest between panda islands. Other measures include better control of poaching, reducing the degradation of habitats outside reserves, and reforestation.The plan is ambitious. Implementation will be expensive and will require participation by individuals ranging from villagers to government officials. Question 61 to 65: Complete the summary with words from the passage, changing the form where necessary, only one word for each blank.The survival of the giant panda is being seriously (61) .This is largely because the overall size of their habitat has been reduced. As a result, pandas are more prone to problems and are unable to (62) around freely, following the growth cycles of (63) plant. A new plan aims to protect existing panda (64) and to join some of them together. This plan also involves reforestation and the creation of new reserves. To succeed, everyone,(65) both the government and individuals, will have to cooperate. Section C (10 marks)Honda has developed a way to read patterns of electric currents on a person’s scalp as well as changes in cerebral blood flow when a person thinks about four simple movements-moving the right hand, moving the left hand, running and eating.67 In a video shown at Tokyo headquarters, a person wearing a helmet sat still but thought about moving his right hand –a thought that was picked up by electrodes attached to his head inside the helmet.68 Honda said the technology wasn’t quite ready for a live demonstration because of possible distr actions in the person’s thinking.Another problem is that brain patterns differ greatly among individuals, and so about two to three hours of studying them in advance are needed for the technology to work. The company, a leader in robotics, acknowledged the technology was still at a basic research stage, with no immediate practical applications in the works.69 Japan boasts one of the leading robotics industries in the world, and the government is pushing to develop the industry as a road to growth. Research on the brain is being tackled around the world, but Honda said its research was among the most advanced in figuring out ways to read brain patterns without having to hurt the person, such as embedding (植入) sensors into the skin . Honda has made robotics a centerpiece of its image, sending Asimo to events and starring the walking, talking robot in TV ads.70 “Our products are for people to use. It is important for us to understand human behavior, ” he said.“We think this is the ultimate in making a machine move.”Question 66:Choose the best answer according to the passage.66. What does Honda say about its robot Asimo?A. It can detect a person’s way of thinking.B. It can imitate complex human movements.C. It is still in its experimental stage.D. It is ready for market distribution.Question 67 to 70: Choose the most appropriate of the following paragraphs that fit into questions 67 to 70 in the passage.A. “I’m talking about dreams today,” said Yasuhisa Arai, executive at the Honda Research Ins titute in Japan, the company’s research unit. “Practical uses are still way into the future.”B. Among the challenges for this brain technology is making the reading-device smaller so it can be portable, according to Honda.C. After several seconds, Asimo, programmed to respond to these brain signals, lifted its right arm.D. Honda succeeded in analysing these thought patterns, and then relayed them as wireless commands to Asimo, its human-shaped robot.Section D (10marks)Being an introvert is a bad thing, right? Well, a lot of people seem to think so, judging by the number of articles I’ve read about how to “cure”introversion. In response to these articles, I wrote The Introverts Strike Back, in which I argued that introverts can’t become extraverts, and they shouldn’t particularly want to.However, I’m not here to debate whether it’s better to be an introvert to an extravert. The fact is, we all have to interact with both types of people every day. Regardless of which type you are, you can greatly improve your relationships by learning to get along better with people of the other type. Here are some tips for getting started.For Introverts:*Indicate to others when you’re busy.When an extravert sees you reading, writing, or maybe just thinking, he might assume that the only reason you are doing this is because you don’t have someone to talk to. So he thinks he’s doing you a favor by striking up a conversation, when he’s actually interrupting.To prevent this, be sure to give an indicati on that you’re in the middle of something and don’t want to socialise right now. This can be a visual sign or verbal.I know one person who tended to get a lot of visitors at work, and while he was actually an extravert, the frequent visits were slowing him down too much. He put a sign on his door saying “If I don’t make eye contact or respond to you, I apologize. I’m not trying to be rude, I just have a lot of work to do. Thank you for understanding.” While I don’t think many people need to go that far, it certainly worked!*Realise that extraverts often need to talk.Because extraverts are more in touch with the external world, for them talking is something as necessary as breathing. They might think out loud by bouncing their thoughts off other people, and they might need to chat in order to boost their energy.For an introvert, this can be the most difficult part of dealing with an extravert. The same conversation that energises the extravert also drains the introvert. However, keeping in mind that the extravert is not being intentionally malicious, the introvert has at least two options for handling this in a polite way. They can patiently participate in the conversation, and then, when it’s over, recharge by being alone. Or they can cut of f the conversation early by mentioning something else they need to be doing, or even by saying, “I’d like to help, but I’m not sure that I’m the right person for you to be talking to.”Of course, sometimes a conversation can be very enjoyable for an introvert, in which case this isn’t a problem.For Extraverts:*Ask if someone is busy before spending time with them.If someone appears to be lonely, they might not be. Even if they’re just sitting there and don’t seem to be doing anything, they could be de ep in thought and not want to be interrupted.If you need something, try to ask for it up front. Otherwise, look for clues that they might not feel like talking right now, such as lack of eye contact.If they seem uninterested, don’t take it personally. You just don’t knowwhat you’re interrupting.*Understand what a draining effect a conversation can have on someone.No matter how fabulous a person you are, keep in mind that introverts simply prefer their internal world to the external world. They might start off witha fully changed battery, but while they’re engaged in conversation, that battery is steadily draining. How long it lasts depends on various factors,but be sure to keep an eye out for when they’re starting to lose interest.Be more to the point with introverts, and save most of your chatting for extraverts who will appreciate it more.Questions 71 to 74: Complete each of the following sentences with NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS according to the passage.71. Introverts are advised to to prevent interrupting when they arein the middle of something.72. For extraverts, having a conversation with people can be as important as73. An important clue that someone might not feel like talking with you rightnow is74. It is necessary to remember that introverts tend to focus more on Question 75: Choose the best answer according to the passage.75. What is the passage mainly about?A. Whether it is better to be an introvert or an extravert.B. How to get along with both introverts and extraverts.C. How to avoid embarrassment in conversations.D. One should be neither an introvert nor an extravert.Part V Translation (20marks)Section A (10 marks)Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.A soaring dropout rate is causing the United Stated to lose ground educationally to rivals abroad and is trapping millions of young American at the very margins of the economy. (76)The Obama administration acknowledges the problems in its new budget, which includes a ＄50 million prevention programme, but solving this problem will require a lot more money and a comprehensive national strategy.The alarming scope of the dropout crisis is laid out by the Center for Labor Market Studies at Northeastern University in Boston and the Alternative Schools Network in Chicago. (77)Their study, which examines data from the 12 largest states, finds that 16 percent of people from the ages of 16 to 24 have dropped out.(78) The problem is especially pronounced among men, who make up more than 60 percent of those who change school nationally. The dropout problem hits minorities really hard.(79) Many of this country’s large urban high schools are rightly called “dropout factories” because more students leave school than graduate. According to the study, state dropout rates are highest in the South, where Gerorgia (22.1 percent), Florida (20.1 percent) and Texas (18.5 percent) leadthe way.(80) The dropout crisis presents a clear danger to national prosperity, but at the moment, states and localities are struggling to contain it with little help or guidance from the federal government. Congress, which is just waking up to this issue, can improve the situation by the putting its money and muscle behind proven programmes that have been shown to re-engage young people who have dropped out, and that keep at-risk children on track to complete their educations.Section B (10 marks)Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.81.石油价格的飞速上涨对世界经济产生了很大的影响。
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Word List10
barrier['bærɪə]n.障碍，屏障；关卡‖vt.把……关入栅栏
【例句】Language can be a barrier to communication.语言会成为交流的障碍。
（2002年决赛）
【搭配】barrier to……的障碍
collision[kə'lɪʒən]n.碰撞；（利益、意见等的）冲突，抵触
【例句】The car was completely wrecked by the force of the collision.这辆汽车受到很大的撞击力而完全损坏。
【搭配】in collision相撞；在冲突中
retreat[rɪ'triːt]v.撤退，后退，退却‖n.撤退，后退，退却；隐居处，休养处
【例句】The soldiers had to retreat when they were beaten in battle.士兵们在战斗中受挫时不得不撤退。
【搭配】retreat from退出，放弃‖retreat into oneself退隐；离群索居
brutal['bruːtl]adj.残忍的；兽性的
【例句】He was the victim of a very brutal murder.他是一起残暴谋杀案的受害者。
【派生】brutish adj.粗野的，残忍的，野兽般的‖brutality n.残忍；暴行‖brutally adv.残忍地，野蛮地，兽性地
reliability[rɪˌlaɪə'bɪlətɪ]n.可靠（性），可信（性）
【例句】I can assure you of the reliability of the information.我可以向你保证这消息是可靠的。
circular['sɜːkjʊlə]adj.圆形的，环形的；循环的
【例句】We can compute the circular area with radius.我们能用半径计算出圆的面积。
bother['bɒðə]v.&n.烦扰，打扰
【例句】But when I was that age,I could not be bothered with such mundane ambitions.但我在那个年纪时，不会为这样平凡的野心烦恼。
（2008年决赛）
【搭配】bother about/with烦恼，担心‖bother to do特意，特地
reside[rɪ'zaɪd]v.居住，定居；属于，归于；存在于
【例句】The real power resides in the people.真正的权力属于人民。
【搭配】reside in（指权利等）归属于某人
【派生】residence n.住处，住宅；居住‖resident n.居民，常住者‖residential adj.住宅的；与居住有关的
capitalism['kæpɪtəlɪzəm]n.资本主义，资本主义制度
【例句】The essence of his argument is that capitalism cannot succeed.他的论点的核心在于资本主义不能成功。
【搭配】monopoly capitalism垄断资本主义
bizarre[bɪ'zɑː]adj.奇异的，怪诞的（指态度，容貌，衣服款式等）古怪的；不落俗套的
【例句】Among the many bizarre things Alice finds in this different world is a liquid
现许多奇怪的东西，其中有一种液体，喝下之后人会变小。
（2011年决赛）
contaminate[kən'tæmɪneɪt]vt.弄脏；污染
【例句】The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.饮用水受到了铅污染。
【派生】contaminated adj.受污染的；弄脏的‖contamination n.污染，玷污；污染物convey[kən'veɪ]vt.运送，搬运，转运；传达；传播
【例句】The wrong message can be conveyed as easily by body language as by the spoken word.肢体语言和口语一样，能够轻易传递错误的信息。
（2005年决赛）
【搭配】convey sth.to sb.向某人传递某物
【派生】conveyor n.输送机，传送机；传送带；运送者，传播者
acknowledge[ək'nɒlɪdʒ]vt.答谢；承认；接受；告知（信件等的）收到
【例句】The Obama administration acknowledges the problem in its new budget.
奥巴马政府在新预算中承认了这一问题。
（2010年初赛）
【搭配】acknowledge…as...认为……是……
【派生】acknowledged adj.公认的；被普遍认可的‖acknowledgement n.承认；确认；
感谢
delude[dɪ'luːd]vt.欺骗，哄骗；迷惑
【例句】You won’t delude him into believing it.你不能诱使他相信此事。
【搭配】delude sb./oneself into doing sth.哄骗某人做某事
diligence['dɪlɪdʒəns]n.勤奋，用功
【例句】Three of the students have neither the intelligence nor the diligence to learn the required material.在学习所要求的材料上，有三名学生既不聪明也不勤奋。
（2011年决赛）
latitude['lætɪtjuːd]n.纬度；（行动或言论）自由；（pl.）地区
【例句】Our position is latitude40degrees north.我们的位置是北纬40度。
mound[maʊnd]n.土堆，小丘
【例句】The table was a mound of paper and books.桌上堆满了文件和书。
disgust[dɪs'gʌst]n.厌恶，嫌恶‖vt.使厌恶；使作呕。