英语倒装句的几种情况

英语倒装句的几种情况

按“主语+ 谓语” 这种顺序排列的句子是陈述语序。如果排列顺序变为“谓语（或谓语一部分）+主语”，就是倒装。倒装句分为：

完全倒装：整个谓语移至主语前面叫完全倒装。

部分倒装：只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前叫部分倒装。

一．完全倒装

1. There be + 主语+地点。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, rise, stand等。如:

There stood a dog before him.

There are many different kinds of mooncakes on the table .

2．Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be等) + 主语" 结构。主语是人称代词时，不必倒装。There是引导词,本身没意义。

There comes the bus.

Then came the day we are looking forward to.

**Here you are! There they come!**

3. 表示方位的副词或短语out, in, up, down,away放在句首，后面一般使用倒装语序。这种句子的为主动词通常为go, come, rush, fly ,fall.. 主语是人称代词时，不必倒装。

In came our teacher.

4. 表示地点的介词短语(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首时,要全部倒装。如:

On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.

In front of the classroom is a playground.

5. 如果直接引语后注明是什么人说的，而且主语是名词时，需要完全倒装；主语是人称代词时，一般不用倒装。

“Let”s go ! ”said the captain .

“Take off your boots !” ordered the guard .

二．不完全倒装

6. 用于so开头的句子，表示重复前面相同的内容，意为“也怎么样”。另外，在结果状语从句句型so …that …中，如果强调so…放在句首，主句需要部分倒装。

句型如下：so +形容词/副词+be/助动词/情态动词that +从句。

I often go out for a walk after supper . So does she .

So excited was she at the news that she couldn”t say a word .

7. 用于nor , neither 开头的句子，表示重复前面相同的内容，“也不…”。

Li Lei can”t answer the question . Neither can I .

If you don”t wait for him , nor shall I .

8.在含有no的短语出现在句首时，用部分倒装。如：at no time, by no means(决不), in no way(决不,一点也不), in no case, under no circumstance(无论如何) 等。

In no way can they smoke in the office.

Under no circumstance do we give up our confidence,

9.方式状语thus, 频度状语many a time(多次,常常), often, always, once, long, next, now and then,every other day 等放在句首时。

Often have we persuded her not to smoke.

Many a time have I seen the girl dancing in the room.

10. only放在句首，强调状语（副词，介词短语或状语从句等），全句语序要部分倒装。

Only in this way can we get in touch with them .

Only because he was ill was he absent from school .

注意：only放在句首，强调主语时，语序不必倒装。

Only Mr Wang knows about it .

9. 带有否定意义的词放在句首，语序需要部分倒装。常见的词语有：not , never , seldom , scarcely , barely , little , at no time , not only , not once , under on condition , hardly … when , no sooner …than ……等。

Little did I think he is a spy .

Hardly had I reached home when it began to rain .

No sooner had I entered the room than the phone rang .

10. 在虚拟语气中，倒装代替条件。

Should he be here next week , he would help us with the problem .

Were there no light , we could see nothing .

11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子。

May you succeed ! May you have a good day！

练习：

after liberation___ to be treated as human beings.

they begin B. they had begun did begin D. had they begun

only ___to stay at home, but he was also forbidden to see his friends.

was forcing B. he was forced he forcing D. was he forced

until his father was out of prison to school. _______.

John go B. John can go C. could John go D. John could go

before __seen such a stupid man.

I B. was I C. have I D. shall I