最新常用经济术语

最新常用经济术语

国民经济、对外经济贸易NATIONAL ECONOMY, FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE

经济指标economic indicators

社会总产值total product of society

国民生产总值GNP (Gross Domestic Product)

国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

人均国内生产总值GDP per capita

工农业总产值

gross output value of industry and

agriculture

国民收入national income

购买力平价法purchasing power parity

财政收入state revenue

社会商品零售总额total volume of retail sales

社会零售物价总指

数

general retail price index

百分点percentage points

"八五"划划

the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic

and Social Development

计划经济planned economy

统购统销state monopoly over purchase and marketing 市场经济market economy

指令性计划mandatory plan

指导性计划guidance plan

市场调节market regulation

建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制"establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government

抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础"stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology

实现产业结构、生

态环境和人口素质"三个优化"optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population

第一、二、三产业primary, secondary and tertiary industries 外向型经济export-oriented economy

创汇型企业foreign exchange-earning enterprise

劳动密集型labor intensive

技术、智力、资本

密集型

technology, knowledge or capital intensive 高附加值的深加工down-stream processing with high

added-value

优化资源配置optimize allocation of resources

生产力productive forces

生产资料capital goods

科研成果产业化industrialization of research findings

火炬计划Torch Plan

技术入股technology appraised as capital stock

风险投资venture investment/capital

固定资产投资investment in fixed assets

折旧费depreciation cost

关系民生的产品products vital to the people's livelihood 供大于求oversupply

供不应求short supply

经济过热overheated economy

抑制炒房地产热

stem frenzied and speculative trading in the

property market

宏观调控macro-economic control

经济杠杆economic levers

产业政策industrial policy

财政, 税收, 信贷，利率, 汇率public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate

提高经济效益enhance economic performance/returns 社会效益social effect/returns

实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development

财政赤字(盈余 )budget deficit(surplus)

外贸出口总额gross foreign export value

外商直接投资协议

金额

contracted foreign direct investment 实际利用外资foreign investment in actual use

三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营)three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture

允许外商独资经营allow full foreign equity operation 优惠条件confessional terms; favorable terms 减免税收tax reduction and exemption

合作方式approaches to cooperation

出资方式means of contributing investment

合营期限contract term of a joint venture

三来一补 (来料加工,来件装配,来样加工)processing and compensation trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)