英语介词课件

because of, instead of,
look forward to, in spite of, according to, owing to
介词短语的成分作用
01
02
03
04
05
主语
表语
状语
定语
补语
Fisr5oTmmhIeittnhahTupeiTthnplehieklsbee’besrywovaoloeraenryklakytvtih.toseheutiintnhnrgedeaeoteherutauattcrshohtrefeiyncd.ggoeonsboktdur..iolld. ing
on 表示“在具体的某一 ② in the 21st century
天”
③ in winter
④ on January 1st
表示“在某个世纪、 ⑤ in 2018
⑥ in June
in 年、季节、月及泛指 ⑦ on Friday
⑧ in the morning
的上午、下午、晚上”⑨ at seven o’clock
④以……价格(或支付)；交换；作为……的补偿）
I paid $50 for it.
to go by the book
①根据，依据……
made by hand
②通过……（方式、手段）
by bike
③使用……（交通工具）
Be back by ten o’clock. ④到……为止，在……以前
a house by a river
①大约 about 5 o’clock
a story about love ②关于
①和……一起 Stay with me.
1
②带着……，表伴随的一种状态 enter with confidence
2
③用……工具
3
to stir with a spoon
4 ④因为，由于……
faint with hunger 饿得发晕
用on。
2. Translation. ①下周一我将要去上海。 I will go to Shanghai next Monday. ②你去年去了巴黎吗？Did you go to Paris last year?
当morning、afternoon、evening、Monday （星期）、January（月份）、year、week等名词前 有this、 that 、last、next等词修饰时，其前面的介 词通常省略。
什么是介词？它的作用是什么？ 01 Look at me（代词). 02 He goes to school by bike（名词）. 03 He is interested in drawing（动名词）. 04 The book is on the desk（名词）.
CONTENTS
01 介词的分类和成分作用 02 常用“一词多用”介词 03 表示时间的介词 04 表示位置、方位的介词 05 其他用途的介词
①He lives at No.27 Zhongshan street in Wuhan. ②I’ll wait for you at the bus stop.
on
over
under
above
below
① There is an apple on the table. ② There is a bridge over the Changjiang river. ③ They sat under a big apple tree, drinking. ④ A bird flew above our heads. ⑤ The ship disappeared below the horizon.
①A bank was built near our school.
②Sit down by/ beside me.
③We both looked down at the newspaper beside him.
④Who’s the boy standing next to you?
①What Jack had done was beyond my comprehension. ②He identified his baggage among hundreds of others. ③There are many trees and flowers around the house. ④It feels cold outside. ⑤Go inside the house. ⑥This ship went between China and Japan.
at a low price
01
02
03
② 在……时候，后接时间点
at 7 o’clock a.m.
① 为了……，表目的 to run for exercise ②因为，由于……，表原因 to cry for pain
③后接时间段，表动作持续的时间
I once taught Math for 2 years.
1. Fill the blanks with proper preposition. ① on the morning of October 1st ② on a rainy afternoon ③ on an evening with heavy snow
当morning、afternoon、evening被其他词所 修饰，表示特指的某一天早、中、晚时，前面的介词应
【例】They fought ________ their freedom.
A.at
B.in C.for D.to
【正确选项】 C
【考查内容】介词for的用法 【答题分析】结合句意“他们为了自由而战。”
选项中只有介词for可以表示“为了……”，故选C项。
( C )①I am sorry ________ what I said to you.
表示“在……以前， by
不迟于；到……为止”②The train leaves at 8 o’clock,
so you’d better be there by 7:50.
till /
表示“直到……为止”
until
③The park is open till / until 5 p.m.
She watched TV till / until her mother came back. 她看电视直到她母亲回来。（看电视的动作延续到母亲回来才结束） She didn’t watch TV until her mother came back. 直到她母亲回来她才（开始）看电视。（看电视的动作直到她母亲回来才发生）
A.In
B.At
C.On
D.To
( A )②She has been ill ________ several days.
A.for
B.in
C.since
D.after
( C )③He hasn’t heard from his son ________
last winter.
A.at
B.in
C.since
A.at
B.on
C.in
D.to
【正确选项】C
【考查内容】时间介词in的用法
【答题分析】月份前面用介词in，由表示月份的关键词
January，可排除A、B、D三项，故选C项。
( B )①—When is Henry’s birthday party, Lynn?
—________ about two o’clock in the afternoon.
( A ) ①They found the machine ________ a bad
state.
A.in
B.at
C.on
D.to
考点二 常用“一词多用”介词
PART 02
① 在……里面
in the car
③在……之后，后接时间段
in 2 hours
01
02
03
04
② 在……时候，后接年、月、季节
D.for
考点四 表示位置、方位的介词
PART 04
West
North South
East
in
on
to
表示“A在B里面” 表示“A和B相邻（接壤）” 表示“A和B不相邻（不接壤）”
A lies in the east of B. A lies on the west of B. A lies to the south of B.
考点一 介词的分类和成分作用
PART 01
介词的分类
in, on, at, for, by, from, about, with, since, after, before, ago, by, till
within, without, inside, outside, into, throughout
⑤在……附近，旁边
I met her by chance.
⑥因为，由于……
①从……，后接时间
from noon to midnight
②从……，后接地点
to go from London to Paris
③由于……，由……引起
to suffer from a cold
遭受，蒙受；经受；体验到(痛苦等)
1. 北京在中国的北部。 Beijing is in the north of China.
2. 朝鲜在中国的东北面。 Korea is on the northeast of China.
3.日本位于中国的东边。 Japan is to the east of China.
表示“在……”，后接较大的地点 表示“在……”，后接较小的地点
介词
用法
for 后面常接时间段，表示“一段时间；动作所持续的时间”， 多与完成时连用；可用来回答“how long”发起的提问
in 后面常接时间段，表示“在……之后”，用Leabharlann Baidu将来时态； 可用来回答“how soon” 发起的提问
since 后面常接时间点，表示“自……以来（直到现在）”， 多与完成时连用
③She has studied in England since 2017. ④They started dancing after 3 o’clock p.m.
介词
用法
举例
表示“在……以前”，①He said he had finished the work three
before
用于完成时
days before.
用于肯定句时，主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表 示的动作一直延续到till或until表示的时间为止，意为 “直到……为止”； 用于否定句时，一般使用until，意为“直到……（才）”。
介词
用法
表示“在……期间，在特 定的时间里”，其后的名 during 词前要用定冠词或表示特 定意义的代词。
表示“一直……，自始至 through
A.at
B.in
C.for
D.to
( A )②She is singing ________ morning to night.
A.from B.in C.since D.after
考点三 表示时间的介词
PART 03
介词
用法
练习
at 表示“在某一时刻”，① at noon/ night
通常放在时间点前
after 后面常接时间点，表示“在……之后”，多用于过去时
①—How long have you been a teacher？ —（I have been a teacher）For 7 years.
②—How soon will you finish the task？ —（I will finish the task）In about 2 hours.
【例】I saw him walking ________ the street.
A.along
B.from
C.in
D.to
【正确选项】 A
【考查内容】介词短语walk along的用法 【答题分析】结合句意“我看见他沿着大街走去。”介 词短语walk along表示“沿着……走”，在句子中作状 语，可排除B、C、D三项，故选A项。
终”
举例 ① What did you do during the winter vacation?
②
Tim treated（对待） me like his
son through these years.
【例】Jay Chou, the famous singer, was born
______ January, 1979.
in summer
④用……（语言、材料）
in Chinese
① 在……上面
on the floor
③关于
a textbook on the history of China
01
02
03
② 在……时候，后接日期、星期
on Friday
① 在……（后接小地点）
at home
③以……(后接速度、价格)