系统英语翻译

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泌尿系统常用词汇英语翻译

urology 泌尿科学urology department 泌尿科urinology 泌尿科学nephrourology 肾泌尿学[ ] urinary system 泌尿系统urogenital system泌尿生殖系统 urinary organs泌尿器urine 尿,小便n排尿：urinary 尿的，含尿的，泌尿的urinate 泌尿 viurination排尿，撒尿排尿 urination ; micturition ;pass(void) urine ; urinate ; micturaterenal ：肾脏的edema（复edemata)浮肿，水肿：renal edema 肾性水肿Nephralgia 肾痛nNephritic 肾炎的，肾的；治肾病药Nephritogenic 致肾炎的肾病变的，肾病的nephritic利尿的，利尿药uragogue，uretic，urinativehematuria 血尿 bloody urine proteinuria 蛋白尿Proteinuria蛋白尿Albuminuria白蛋白尿Microalbuminuriaprotein urine肾小球性蛋白尿glomerulus albuminuria肾小管性蛋白尿tubular proteinuria溢出性蛋白尿overflow proteinuria分泌性及组织性蛋白尿 secretary histuria proteinuria 暂时性或一过性蛋白尿transient proteinuria姿势性或自立性蛋白尿orthostatic proteinuria持续性良性蛋白尿constent or persistent benign孤立性蛋白尿isolated proteinuria无症状性血尿asymptomatic hematuria（旧）孤立性血尿isolated proteinuriahypertension 高血压oliguria 少尿Polyuria 多尿，多尿症hypoproteinemia 低蛋白血症： hypercholesterinemia 高胆固醇血症：：uresiesthesis 排尿感觉：：多尿症polyuria [excessive urine output]尿急 urinary urgency；urgency ：尿排出量urinary output尿停滞urinary stasis排尿里急后重urinary tenesmus尿排出量urinary volume尿外渗urinary extravasation排尿痛urodyniauropenia 尿过少：urophobia 排尿恐怖uroplania 异位排尿urinary fistula 尿瘘urochezia 肛门排尿uropoiesis 尿生成：urorrhagia 多尿尿意 urge (desire ) to urinate频尿urinary frequency ：夜间频尿frequent urination during the night夜尿; nycturia无尿症,无尿anuria排尿困难difficulty in urination ；dysuria闭尿，尿潴留urinary retentionurorrhea 遗尿尿失禁，遗尿urinary incontinence夜尿，夜尿症nocturia尿床bed-wetting ;遗尿,尿失禁enuresis ：混浊尿cloudy (turbid) urine ：nephrotoxin 溶肾素,肾毒素urogenital泌尿生殖的,尿(生)殖管肾 kidney输尿管ureter ：膀胱bladder ，urinary bladder，urocyst，，尿道urethra ：，前列腺 prostate，prostate gland阴茎 penis acute， penis ：包皮prepuce ：：阴茎包皮prepuce of penis睾丸 testis， testicle，，附睾epididymis阴囊scrotum会阴Perineum ：输精管deferens精管Vas deferens精索spermatic cord ：子宫 uterus ：卵巢ovary肾单位nephron肾小管uriniferous tubules，输尿的，：： renal tubulus ：：肾小体renal corpuscle ：肾皮质renal cortex ：肾髓质renal medulla肾柱renal columns肾盂renal pelvis肾乳头renal papilla，renal papillae ，：皮质肾单位 Cortical nephron随旁肾单位 Juxtamedullary nephron鲍曼囊 Bowman′s capsule足细胞 podocyte系膜 mesangium肾小球旁器juxtaglomerular apparatus球旁细胞 juxtaglomerular cell致密斑 macula dense球外血管系膜细胞 extraglomerular mesangial cellGlomerular filtration rate肾小球滤过率促红细胞生成素 e rythropoietinBUN血尿素氮blood urea nitrogen致密斑 macular dense近球旁器 juxtaglomerular apparatus乳头孔papillary foramen ，papillary foramina ，肾区renal region ：，：肾段renal segment ：，肾窦renal sinus ：，肾门renal hilum（复 hilus ）：，，肾蒂 renal pedicle ：，肾盏renal calices ：肾大(小)盏major (minor) renal calices肾筋膜renal fascia ：，肾前筋膜pretrnal fascia肾后筋膜retrorenal fascia ：，脂肪囊fatty renal capsule ：fatly (adipose) capsule纤维囊fibrous capsule肾动脉renal artery ：，：肾静脉renal vein ：，肾段动脉segmental artery ，：肾素rennin肾上腺suprarenal gland ：：，输尿管ureter ：Intramural输尿管口ureteric orifice ，orifice of ureter，，：输尿管腹部abdominal part of the urete ，r ：输尿管盆部pelvic part of the ureter ，：输尿管间襞interureteric ridge ，输尿管壁内部intramural part of the urete ，：膀胱体body of bladder膀胱底fundus of bladder ，膀胱颈neck of bladder膀胱前隙prevesical space ：膀胱三角trigone of bladder，vesical trigone膀胱垂vesical uvula ：膀胱襞vesical plica上狭窄superior stricture中狭窄middle stricture下狭窄inferor stricture尿道外口external urethral orifice：：尿道内口internal urethral orifice：：尿道球腺bulbourethral gland ：尿道球bulb of urethra ：尿道旁腺skein gland腹膜Peritoneum壁(脏)腹膜Parietal(visceral) peritoneum腹膜腔，大囊Peritoneal cavity, greater sac网膜囊，小囊Omenta bursa, lesser sac网膜孔Omental foramen, epiploic foramen腹股沟三角Inguinal trigone腹腔Abdominal cavity盆腔pelvic cavity肠系膜Mesentery静脉丛venous plexus先天性单肾缺如（unilateral renal agenesis双侧肾不发育(双侧肾缺如---Potter综合征bilateral renal agenesis肾发育不全renal hypoplasia节段性肾发育不全segmental renal hypoplasiaThe Ask-upmark kidney肾单位肾发育不全oligomeganephronic renal hypoplasia，oligomeganephronia肾囊性病变 renal cystic disease多房性肾囊性变 multicystic kidney多囊肾poly cystic kidney单纯性肾囊肿 simple renal cyst肾多房性囊肿 multilocular cyst of kidney海绵肾 sponge kidney肾盂周围囊肿 peripelvic cyst肾周囊肿 perinephric cyst异位肾 ectopic kidney融合肾 fused kidney先天性肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻 congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction,UPJO输尿管口异位（ectopic opening of theureter输尿管囊肿 ureterocele巨输尿管症megaloureter原发性primary反流性 reflexing机械梗阻性 mechanically obstructed先天性输尿管膀胱交接部梗阻 uretero-vesical obstruction膀胱憩室bladder diverticulum膀胱不发育及发育不全 agenesis and hypoplasia重复膀胱 bladder duplication重复尿道 urethral duplication尿道缺如及先天性尿道闭锁 urethral agenesis and atresia后尿道瓣膜posterior uerthral valves前尿道瓣膜 anterior urethral valves尿道憩室urethral diverticulum前尿道狭窄 stricture of the anterior urethra尿道上裂 apispadias尿道直肠瘘 rectourethral fistula鞘膜积液 hydrocele轻微病变性肾小球肾炎minor change glomerulonephritis局灶性节段性病变 focal segmental lesion弥漫性肾小球肾炎 diffuse glomerulonephritis膜性肾病Membranous nephropathy增生性肾炎 proliferative glomerulonephritisMsPGN mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis系膜增生性肾小球肾炎Endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis毛细血管内增生性肾小球肾炎Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis膜增生性肾小球肾炎（mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis）系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎致密沉积物性肾小球肾炎 dense deposit glomerulonephritis新月体肾小球肾炎 crescentic glomerulonephritis未分类的肾小球肾炎 unclassified glomerulonephritis半月体性肾小球肾炎 crescentic glomerulonephritis）硬化性肾小球肾炎 sclerosing glomerulonephritis遗传性肾炎hereditary nephritisbenign familial hematuria (BFH良性家族性血尿肾小球轻微病变minor change of glomerulusMinimal change轻微病变微小病变肾病minimal change nephropathy，Minimal change disease MCN 局灶性节段性肾小球肾炎 focal segmental glomerulonephritis forcalsegmental glomerulosclerosis局灶节段性肾小球硬化refractory nephroticsyndrome难治性肾病综合征膜性肾病变membranous nephropathy，Membranous nephritisidiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN原发性膜性肾病Idiopathic membranous nephropathy特发性膜性肾病primary nephrotic syndrome原发性肾病综合征mmunosuppressant免疫抑制剂泌尿系统疾病 renal and urogenital disorder急性肾小球肾炎acute glomerulonephritis急进行肾小球肾炎rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis慢性肾小球肾炎chronic glomerulonephritis隐匿性肾小球肾炎latent glomerulonephritis乙肝病毒相关性肾炎 Hepatitis B Virus related glomerulonephritisIgA肾病 IgA-nephropathy急性肾炎综合症 acute nephritic syndrome急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎acute poststreptococcal glomerulonepacute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritisIgA肾病 IgA-nephropathy急性肾炎综合症 acute nephritic syndrome肾病综合征nephrotic syndromeINS 特发性肾病综合征idiopathic nephrotic syndromeacute interstitial nephritis 急性间质性肾炎AINacute interstitial nephritis慢性间质性肾炎CINrenal tubular acidosis 肾小管酸中毒RTADistal renal tubular acidosis 远端肾小管酸中毒Fanconi syndrome范可尼综合征特发性高钙尿症Idiopathic hypercalciuria胡桃夹现象 nutcracker phenomenonleft renal vein entrapment syndrome左肾静脉压迫综合征Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) 溶血性尿毒症（HUS）thin basement memberane nephropathy薄基低膜病肺出血-肾炎综合症 Goodpasturenail-patella syndrome(NPSnail-patella syndrome(NPS甲髌综合征指甲-髌骨综合征遗传性爪骨发育不全Hereditary onycho-osteodyplasiaMedullary cystic disease 肾髓质囊性病儿童性肾髓质囊性病（家族性少年肾单位肾病）Familiar juvenile nephronophthisis眼-脑-肾综合症 oculo-cerebro-renal syndrome包茎phimosisparaphimosis 嵌顿包茎Renal vein thrombosis肾静脉血栓形成RVT肾动脉狭窄 renal artery stenosis肾动脉栓塞renal artery embolism肾动脉血栓renal artery thrombosisrenal transplantation 肾移植泌尿生殖器官损伤 genitourinary traumaneurogenic bladder神经性膀胱神经性膀胱功能障碍neurogenicbladder dysfunctionneurogenic vesico-urethral dysfunction 神经性膀胱尿道功能障碍急性肾功能衰竭 acute renal failure慢性肾功能衰竭chronic renal failure急性肾小管坏死 acute tubular necrosisUTI 尿路感染urinary tract infection尿道膀胱炎urethrocystitis尿道感染 urinary infectionurethrocystitis 尿道膀胱炎膀胱炎 bladder cystitis睾丸炎 orchitis [testicular infection]尿道炎 urethral infectionurethritis 尿道炎urocystitis 膀胱炎ureteritis 输尿管炎急性肾脏炎 acute nephritisureteropyelitis 输尿管肾盂炎renal tuberculosis 肾结核ureterocele 输尿管疝renal failure 肾衰竭Uremia尿毒症Nephritis[nefraitis] (复)nephritides[nefritidi:z]肾炎Lupus肾充血 nephremiaNephredema 肾盂积水肾充血Nephratonia 肾增大，肾肿大Nephradenoma 肾腺瘤肾脓肿nephrapostasisNephrocolic 肾结肠的 n肾绞痛Nephrolith 肾石肾石病 nephrolithiasis肾石切除术nephrolithotomy肾病学nephrology肾病学家nephrologistNephroma 肾瘤Nephroncus肾瘤肾软化 nephromalacia肾肥大nephromegalyNephropathia 肾病Nephropathy肾病肾结核nephrophthisis肾消耗病肾盂肾炎nephropyelitis肾出血neohrorrhagia肾盂积水 nephrydrosisNephrydrotic尿酸盐urateUrea 尿素，脲Urea Nitrogen 尿素氮，脲Urethralgia 尿道疼 urethralgiaUrethratresia 尿道闭锁Urethremphraxis 尿道梗阻Urethrostenosis 尿道狭窄Urethrospasm尿道痉挛Urinoscopy 尿检查，尿检法肾盂积尿uronephrosis尿潴留 uroschesisAlport 综合征 Alport Syndrome多囊性肾病 polycystic renal diseases毒性肾病 toxic nephrosisuronephrosis 肾积水renovascular hypertension 肾血管性高血压renal transplantation 肾移植泌尿生殖器官损伤 genitourinary traumarenal pelvic calculus 肾盆结石Renal Stone 肾结石renal calculus 肾石ureteral calculus 输尿管结石膀胱结石 vesical calculus [bladder stones] 不痛结石 silent stone草酸钙石 calcium oxalate stonesurethral calculus 尿道结石urinary calculi 尿石病urinary calculus 尿石urolith 尿石urolithiasis 尿石病uropathy 尿路病urosis 尿路病urolithiasis 尿石病uroplania 异位排尿urethral carcinoma 尿道癌urethral fistula 尿道瘘urethremorrhagia 尿道出血urethrism 尿道痉挛urethrocele 尿道突出urethralgia 尿道痛uurethrovaginal fistula 尿管阴道瘘urethrooculosynovial syn 赖特尔综合症nephroptosis 肾下垂uronephrosis 肾积水urosepsis 尿脓毒病uroureter 输尿管积尿renal aplasia 肾发育不全urostealith 尿脂石renal cell carcinoma 肾细胞癌renal carcinoma 肾癌renal colic 肾绞痛renal cyst 肾囊肿renal glycosuria 肾性糖尿renal infantilism 肾性幼稚型renal retinopathy 肾性视网膜病renal rickets 肾性佝偻病uremia 尿毒症uremic pericarditis 尿毒症性心包炎ureteral calculus 输尿管结石ureteralgia 输尿管痛ureterectasia 输尿管扩张ureterocele 输尿管疝ureterolith 输尿管石ureteropathy 输尿管病ureteropyosis 输尿管化脓ureterostenosis 输尿管狭窄urodynia 排尿痛urobilin jaundice 尿胆素性黄疸urinoma 尿性囊肿urethrostenosis 尿道狭窄urethratresia 尿道闭锁cystoptosis 膀胱脱垂Hypospadia尿道下裂Hydrocele 阴囊积水Nocturia 夜尿症Cryptorchidism 隐睾症Ureteral stenosis 输尿管狭窄urinary sediment 尿沉淀urine bag 尿袋urine sugar 尿糖urine collection 尿采集cyclosporin A 环孢霉素A ： dialysis 透析。

carset英语单词

carset英语单词汽车内外饰件零件名称英语翻译一、零件总成(Parts Assembly)1、发动机舱系统（Engine Compartment System）1. 引擎盖隔音垫Hood2. 前围前隔音垫Dashout2、乘员舱饰件系统（Passenger Compartment System）1. 主地毯Carpet2. 顶棚Headliner3. 前围后隔音垫Dashinner4. 脚垫Mat5. 衣帽架Package Tray6. 中通道隔音垫Tunnel Insulator7. 座椅靠背地毯Seat Back Carpet3、行李箱饰件系统（Trunk Trim System）1. 侧饰板Side trim2. 备胎盖Trunk Carpet3. 内饰板Decklid Trim4、外饰系统（Exterior Trim Systems）1. 密封条Sealing2. 轮罩Wheel House3. 防水膜Water Shield二、外协件（Outsourcing Parts）1. 塑料固定扣（尼龙扣）Plastic Fixed Buckle (Nylon Buttons)2. 塑料尾部连接块卡扣Plastic T ail Connection Buckle3. 塑料尾部连接块顶端卡扣Plastic T ail Top Connection Buckle4. 金属连接扣Metal Connection Buckle5. 塑料保险带扣Plastic Seat Belts Buckle6. 组合卡子Combination Bands7. 尼龙拉手Nylon Shake Hander8. 塑料拉手Plastic Handle9. 索环Lasso10. 拉索组件Lasso Components11. 阅读灯面板组件Reading Lamp Panel Components12. 遮阳板组件Sunshading Board Components13. 遮阳板支撑组件Sunshading Board Support Components14. 喇叭罩组件Horn Cover Components15. 纸巾盒组件Paper Towel Box Components16. 金属底座Metal Base17. 塑料底座Plastic Base18. 塑料尾部连接块底座Plastic Tail Connection Base19. 塑料儿童座椅Plastic Children Seat20. 雷达探测器支撑Radar Detectors Supportor21. 塑料拉手总成固定器Plastic Handle Assembly Holder22. 垫块Block/Pad23. EPP尾部缓冲块EPP Tail Buffer Piece24. PE附胶海绵块PE With Glue Sponge Pieces25. 隔音棉吸音垫Sound Insulation Cotton Sound-Absorbing Pad26. 毛毡缓冲垫Pad Felt27. 再生棉缓冲垫组件Regenerated Cushioning Pad Components28. PU海绵通风条PU Sponge Article Ventilation29. 停车警示器Parking Warning30. 加筋附膜铝箔Membrane Attached Reinforced Aluminum Foil31. 保护套Cases32. 铁瓦楞Corrugated Iron33. 折叠式金属周转箱Folding Metal Turnover Box34. 备胎衬套Spare Tire Bushing35. 螺钉Screws36. 排钉针Chain riveting Needle37. 千斤顶垫片Jack Gaskets38. 固定簧片Fixed Reeds39. PU720胶水PU720 Glue40. AS-108复合胶AS-108 Compound Plastic41. 香蕉水Banana Oil42. 喷漆Spray Paint43. 脱模剂Softening Agent44. 硅油纸Silicone Oil Paper45. 标签Label46. 纸箱Carton47. 双面胶Double-Sided Adhesive48. 网格箱（铁笼）The Grid Box (Cages)49. 料架Rack50. 薄膜袋Film Bag51. 色精Color Concentrate52. 线束Wire三、汽车相关部件（Vehicles related parts）1. 坐垫Seat Cushion2. 座位靠背Seat Back3. 安全带Seat Belt4. 座椅Seats5. 顶棚Head Liner6. 后置物板Package Tray7. 敞篷车顶Convertible Top8. 扶手Arm Rest9. 遮阳板Sunvisor10. 窗帘Curtain11. 轮罩Wheel Housing Cover12. 发动机舱盖Engine Compartment Cover13. 防撞件Crash-Deployed Element14. 金属网格栅Metal Mesh Grill15. 电池Battery16. 前大灯Front Lamp17. 后大灯Rear Lamp18. 车内灯Interior Light19. 行李箱灯Trunk Light20. 外后视镜Exterior Mirror21. 内后视镜Interior Mirror22. 门锁Door Locks23. 仪表台Instruction Panel24. 玻璃升降器Window Regulator25. 喇叭Speaker26. 高位刹车灯CHMSL27. 线束EDS28. 前保险杠Front Bumper29. 后保险杠Rear Bumper30. 通风格栅Radiator Grill31. 门把手Outer Door Handle32. 侧裙板Sill Outer33. 前挡风玻璃Front Wind Screen34. 后挡风玻璃Rear Wind Screen35. 侧窗Side Door Screen36. 天窗Sun Roof37. 钣金Sheet Metal02-原材料（Raw Material）一、基材(Substrate Material)1. 麻纤维板Hemp Fiberboard2. 木粉板Wood Stock3. 玻纤片材Glass Fiber Sheet4. CPP板CPP Sheet5. PU板材PU Sheet6. XPE片材XPE Sheet7. EVA片材EVA Sheet8. 热塑性橡胶TPR (Thermoplastic Rubber)9. PE膜PE Foil二、面料（Surfacing Material）1. 无纺布Non-Woven2. 起绒地毯Gigging Carpet3. 簇绒地毯Tufting Carpet4. 针刺地毯Landline Carpet/ needle-punched carpet5. PVC革PVC Leather6. 牛巴革Nubuk7. 针织面料Knitted fabrics。

汽车专业英语词汇

变速器输入轴 transmission input shaft
变速齿轮比（变速比）
换档操纵杆直接驱动
低速档
经济档
transmission gear ratio
Shift control lever direct drive bottom gear (low speed
gear) economic gear
多种燃料发动机
多气缸发动机
multifuel engine multiple cylinder engine
汽油喷射式汽油机
压燃式发动机
化油器式发动机转子发动机四冲程发动机增压式发动机油冷式发动机
自然进气式发动机
双燃料发动机直列式发动机
英语翻译 bumper re-doing
interchangeability
dry cylinder liner
water jacket piston
piston skirt piston ring connecting rod one-piece crankshaft
crank valve gear
cam transmission output
shaft
gear ratio
cover radial ply tyre
crown steering system steering wheel power steering braking system
Secondary (emergency) braking
system total braking distance
braking work
full- floating axle shaft suspension independent

消防专业词汇英语翻译

inspection list = punch list 月清单 inspection pit 检查井 inspection shaft 检查井 inspection switch 检查开关 inspection 防火检查< 消防队员去防火责任区的现场调查 inspector 检验员 inspiration 吸气 instability 不稳定性 installation testing 安装试验
inner room 内房间 innoxious substance 无害物质 inorganic acid 无机酸 inorganic chemistry 无机化学 inorganic coating 无机涂料 inorganic 无机的 input module 输入模块
input 输入 Insce = insurance 保险 insect damage 昆虫损坏 insect infestation 昆虫骚扰 insecticidal fogging 杀虫剂喷雾 inside diameter 内径
coverage 保险范围 insurance expense 保险费 insurance fee 保险费 insurance fraud 诈骗保险金 insurance in force 有效保险 insurance
indemnity 保险赔偿金 insurance industry 保险业
instant fire extinguish ment 紧急灭火 instant operation 紧急操作 instantane ous combustio n 瞬时燃烧 instantane ous flash 瞬闪 instantane ous radiation 瞬时辐射

计算机专业英语名词翻译

第一章（计算机系统概论）digital computer 数字计算机decimal digits 十进制数字binary 二进制bit 位ASCII 美国国家信息交换标准代码computer system 计算机系统hardware system 硬件系统software system 软件系统I/O devices 输入输出设备central processing unit(CPU) 中央处理器memory 存储器application software 应用软件video game 计算机游戏system software 系统软件register 寄存器floating point data浮点数据Boolean布尔值character data字符数据EBCDIC扩充的二十一进制交换代码punched cards穿孔卡片magnetic tape磁带main memory主存vacuum tubes电子管magnetic drum磁鼓transistors晶体管solid-state devices固体器件magnetic cores磁芯integrated circuit（IC）集成电路silicon chip硅芯片multiprogramming多道程序设计timessharing分时分时技术minicomputers小型计算机mainframe大型计算机large-scaleintegrated(LSI)大规模集成very-large-scale integrated(VLSI)超大规模集成word processing文字处理eletronic spreedsheets电子表格database management programs数据库管理程序desktop publishing桌面印刷personalcomputer(PC)个人计算机microcomputer微型计算机storage capacities存储容量stand-alone computer独立计算机local area network(LAN)局域网peripheral devices外部设备assembly line流水线supercomputer巨型计算机第二章（计算机系统结构）memmory subsystem存储子系统I/O subsystem输入输出子系统bus总线system bus系统总线chip 芯片address bus地址总线instructions指令memory location存储单元data bus数据总线control bus控制总线local bus 局部总线microprocessor微处理器register set寄存器组arithmetic logic unit(ALU)运算器clock cycle时钟周期control unit控制器computer architecture计算机体系结构introduction format指令格式addressing modes寻址方式introduction set指令集internal memory内存main memory主存Random Access Memory(RAM)随机存取存储器Read Only Memory (ROM)只读存储器secondary storage副主存储器vitual memory虚拟存储器Dynamic RAM(DRAM)动态存储器refresh circuitry刷新电路Static RAM(SRAM)静态RAMcache memory高速缓冲存储器masked ROM掩膜ROMPROM可编程RAMEPROM可擦写PROMultraviolet light紫外线EEPROM or EEPROM电擦写PROMbasic input/output system(BIOS)基本输入输出系统flash EEPROM 快闪存储器memory hierarchy 存储器体系结构auxiliary memory 辅助存储器storage memory 存储容量keyboard 键盘alphanumeric key字母数字键function key 功能键cursor key 光标键numeric keypad 数字键mouse 鼠标touch screen触屏infrared ray红外线monitor 监视器display screen显示屏laser printer激光打印机ink-jet printer喷墨打印机dot-matrix printer点针式打印机modem调制解调器input-output interface(I/O interface)输入输出接口peripheral外部设备，外设interrupt中断program counter程序计数器vectored interrupt向量中断nonvectored interrupt非向量中断interrupt vector中断向量Direct Memory Acess(DMA)直接存储器存取timeout超时第三单元（计算机体系结构）parallel processing 并行操作serial operations 串行操作instructions stream 指令流data dream 数据流SISD 单指令单数据流SIMD 单指令多数据流MISD 多指令单数据流MIMD 多指令多数据流pipeline processing 流水线处理combinational circuit 组合电路multiplier 乘法器adder 加法器clock pulse 时钟脉冲vector processing 向量处理one-dimensional array 一维数组scalar processer 标量处理器vector instructions 向量指令CISC 复杂指令集计算机decoder 译码器RISC 精简指令集计算机backward compatibility 向下兼容第四单元（算法与数据结构）algorithm 算法parallel algotithm 并行算法primitive 原语syntax 语法semantics 语义pseudocode 伪码exhaustive search 穷举搜索divide-and-conquer algorithm 分治算法dynamic programming 动态规划bottom-up 自上而下top-down 自下而上array 数组one-dimensional array 一维数组pointer 指针program counter 程序计数器instruction pointer 指令指针list 列表linked list 链表singly-linked list 单向链表double-linked list 双向链表circularly-linked list 循环链表FIFO 先进先出LIFO 后进先出stack 栈push 压栈pop 出栈stack pointer 栈指针queue 队列tree 树root 根level 层次degree of a node 结点的度depth of a tree树的深度binary tree 二叉树traversal 遍历M-way search tree M向搜索树第五章（编程语言）Program 程序Program language 程序设计语言Software engineering 软件工程Pseudocode 伪码Flowchart 流程图Coding 编码Program testing 程序测试Desk-checking 手工检查Documentation 文档User documentation 用户文档Operator documentation 操作员文档Programmer documentation 程序员文档Machine language 机器语言Assembly languages 汇编语言High-level languages 高级语言RAD(rapid application development) 快速应用开发Natural language 自然语言Artificial intelligence(AI) 人工智能Compile 编译Assemble 汇编Source code 源代码Object code 目标代码Linker 连接器Executable file 可执行文件Object-oriented programming 面向对象的程序设计Object 对象Class 类ADT（abstract data type）抽象数据类型Member variable 成员变量Class variable 类变量Member function 成员函数Inheritance 继承Derived class 派生类Overload 超载Message 消息Static binding 静态绑定Dynamic binding 动态绑定Polymorphism 多态性Visual programming 可视化编程Markup language 标记语言HTML（hyper text markup language）超文本标记语言Hyperlink 超链接XML(extensible markup language) 可扩展标记语言Java virtual machine java虚拟机第六章（操作系统）Application software 应用软件System software 系统软件Utility software 实用软件Operating system（OS）操作系统Shell 操作系统的外壳程序Graphical user interface（GUI）图形用户界面Kernel 内核Serial processing 串行处理Job 作业Batch processing 批处理Simple batch systems 简单批处理系统Multiprogrammed batch systems 多道程序批处理系统Monitor 监控程序Scheduler 调度程序Multiprogramming 多道程序Multitasking 多任务Time-sharing systems 分时系统Uniprogramming 单道进程Process 进程Process management 进程管理Process control block 进程控制块Mutual exclusion 互斥Multiprocessing 多处理，多进程Distributed processing 分布式管理Concurrent processes 并发处理Deadlock 死锁Synchronize process同步处理Semaphore 信号量Reusable resource 可复用性资源I/O buffers 输入/输出缓冲区I/O channel 输入/输出通道Deadlock prevention 死锁预防Deadlock detection 死锁检测Deadlock avoidance 死锁避免Virtual memory 虚拟内存Logical reference 逻辑引用Real addresse 实地址Paging 分页Segmentation 分段Virtual address 虚拟地址Physical addresses 物理地址Real-time process 实时处理File management 文件管理Plug and play(PnP) 即插即用第七单元(应用软件)application software 应用软件word processing 字处理软件spreadsheet 电子表格personal finance 个人理财presentation graphic 演示图形database manager 数据库管理软件groupware 群件desktop accessory 桌面辅助工具browsers 浏览区desktop publishing 桌面印刷project management 项目管理CAD 计算机辅助设计CAM 计算机辅助制造multimedia authoring 多媒体发布animation 动画MIDI 乐器数字化接口speech synthesis 语音合成insertion point 插入点scroll bar 滚动条window 窗口menu bar 菜单栏pull-down menu 下拉式菜单Button 按钮toolbar 工具条dialog box 对话框default value 缺省值（默认值）macro 宏OLE 对象链接和嵌入clipboard 剪切板column 列row 行cell 单元格cell address 单元格地址cell pointer 单元格指针formula 公式function 函数bar chart 柱形图line chart 线图pie chart 圆饼图workflow software 工作流软件PIM 个人信息管理软件Web browser 浏览器World Wide Web 万维网home page 主页第八单元（数据库）DBMS 数据库管理系统instance 实例schema 模式physical schema 物理模式存储模式内模式logical schema 逻辑模式概念模式模式subschema 子模式外模式data independence 数据独立性physical data independence 物理数据独立性logical data independence 逻辑数据独立性data model 数据模型entity-relationship model 实体联系模型object-oriented model 面向对象模型semantic data model 语义数据类型functional data model 功能数据模型entity 实体entity set 实体集mapping cardinality 映射基数abstract data type 抽象数据类型attribute 属性relation 关系tuple 元组primary key 主键super key 超健candidate key 候选键foreign key 外键DDL 数据定义语言data dictionary 数据字典DML 数据操纵语言procedure DML 过程化DML nonprocedure DML 非过程化DMLSQL 结构化查询语言view 视图the relational algebra 关系代数the tuple relational calculus 元组关系演算atomicity 原子性consistency 一致性duration 持久性transaction 事物DBA 数据库管理员。

环境工程专业英语翻译

风干系统windro‎w system‎s分散相dif‎fu sion‎a l phase分贝计dec‎ib el meter分贝量度de‎c ib el scale非哺乳动物n‎o n-mammal‎i an露点the dew point冷却系统co‎ld system‎冷凝器con‎d enser‎决定因素de‎t ermin‎i ng factor‎s径流runo‎ff气载疾病ai‎r b orne‎d iseas‎e s气溶胶喷雾air aeroso‎l spraye‎r逆温ther‎mal invers‎i on内部调节机制‎i ntern‎a l regula‎tory mechan‎i sms市政污水处理‎厂munic‎ip al sewage‎ treatm‎ent plant 食物链foo‎d Chain声强soun‎d intens‎i ty声能soun‎d power声级soun‎d level声波soun‎d wave生活污水do‎mestic‎ sewage‎神经系统ne‎r vous system‎s热血动物wa‎r m-bloode‎d animal‎s热污染the‎r mal pollut‎i on热能回收energy‎r ecove‎r y or heat recove‎r y热能ther‎mal energy‎热力学第二定‎律 the second‎law of thermo‎d ynami‎c s 热冲击the‎r mal shocks‎消声器muf‎f ler需氧aero‎b ic听力丧失he‎a ring loss听得见的au‎d ible水载Wate‎r b orne‎响度loudne‎ss吸声介质acoust‎ical media吸声材料ac‎o u stic‎a l materi‎a ls土壤调节剂s‎o il condit‎i onor易腐烂的pu‎trefac‎tive易腐烂的pu‎tresci‎b l e传质梯度ma‎s s transf‎e r gradie‎n t膜membr‎a n e or film反渗透rev‎erse osmosi‎s活性炭act‎i vated‎carbon‎界面面积in‎t erfac‎i al area表面积surfac‎e area沉淀sedi‎m entat‎i on混凝coagul‎a tion絮凝floc‎c u lati‎o n高级处理advanc‎ed treatm‎ent一级处理primar‎y treatm‎ent二级处理second‎a ry treatm‎ent卫生污水sa‎n itary‎ sewage‎净化purifi‎c a tion‎or decont‎a minat‎ion工艺性能pr‎o c ess perfor‎ma nceVSS volati‎l e suapen‎d ed solids‎SS suspen‎d ed solids‎TOC total organi‎c carbon‎溶解的dis‎s olved‎or solubl‎e沉降柱set‎tling column‎s多管高效旋风‎除尘器mul‎titube‎h igh effici‎e ncy cyclon‎e 多氯联苯po‎l ychlo‎r obiph‎enyl多氯联笨并呋‎喃p olyc‎h lorod‎i b enzo‎furans‎杂质fore‎i gn matter‎工业规模fu‎l l-scale生物降解bi‎o d egra‎d ation‎生物过滤bi‎o filtr‎a tion光化学烟雾p‎h otoch‎emical‎ smog土壤床soi‎l bed生物降解能力‎b i od eg‎r adati‎o n capaci‎ty易生物降解的‎e a sily‎b iodeg‎r adabl‎e尾气offg‎a s污泥sludge‎污水sewa‎g e一百万千瓦o‎n e-millio‎n-kilowa‎tt滴滤池trickl‎i ng filter‎弹性波ela‎stic wave弹性介质elasti‎c media音调pitch永久性失聪p‎ermane‎n t hearin‎g loss监管计划re‎g ulato‎r y mechan‎i smsVOC volati‎l e organi‎c compou‎n dAPC air pollut‎i on contro‎lBOD bioche‎m ical oxygen‎demand‎COD chemic‎a l oxygen‎demand‎爱河love‎canal澄清池cla‎r ifier‎s桶谷Vall‎e y of the Drums焚化inci‎n erati‎o n垃圾refu‎se危险废物ha‎z ardou‎s wastes‎保留时间re‎t entio‎n time充满be Laden with停留时间de‎t entio‎n time or reside‎n ce time净化池cla‎r ifier‎ tank均质池equ‎a lizat‎i on basin沉降池sed‎i menta‎tion pond or sedime‎n tatio‎n tanks固体废物so‎l id wastes‎水生生物aq‎u atic life氧化剂oxi‎d izing‎agents‎ or oxidiz‎er水载疾病wa‎terbor‎n e d iseas‎e s格栅screen‎i ng格栅池bar‎rack隔离segreg‎a tion or screen‎i ng胶体coll‎o id普通沉淀法p‎l ain sedime‎n tatio‎n高浊水hig‎h ly turbid‎w ater中浊水mod‎eratel‎y turbid‎w ater弄脏foul‎e d with单元操作un‎i t operat‎i on氯消毒chl‎o rinat‎i on预处理pre‎treatm‎ent财政支持financ‎i al suppor‎t沉砂室gri‎t chambe‎r补充燃料su‎p p leme‎n tary fuels曝气沉砂池a‎erated‎grit chambe‎r一沉池pri‎m ary settli‎n g tank溢流负荷ov‎erflow‎loadin‎g ratesThe newer munici‎p a l incine‎r ators‎ are usuall‎y the contin‎u ously‎b urnin‎g type ，and many have “waterw‎a ll”constr‎u ction‎in the combus‎tion chambe‎r in place of the older ，more common‎refrac‎tory lining‎。

力学,流体力学,固体力学词汇英语翻译

力学，流体力学，固体力学英语词汇翻译牛顿力学Newtonian mechanics经典力学classical mechanics静力学statics运动学kinematics动力学dynamics动理学kinetics宏观力学macroscopic mechanics,macromechanics细观力学mesomechanics微观力学microscopic mechanics,micromechanics一般力学general mechanics固体力学solid mechanics流体力学fluid mechanics理论力学theoretical mechanics应用力学applied mechanics工程力学engineering mechanics实验力学experimental mechanics计算力学computational mechanics理性力学rational mechanics物理力学physical mechanics地球动力学geodynamics力force作用点point of action作用线line of action力系system of forces力系的简化reduction of force system等效力系equivalent force system刚体rigid body力的可传性transmissibility of force平行四边形定则parallelogram rule力三角形force triangle力多边形force polygon零力系null-force system平衡equilibrium力的平衡equilibrium of forces平衡条件equilibrium condition平衡位置equilibrium position平衡态equilibrium state分析力学analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量] Lagrangian拉格朗日括号Lagrange bracket循环坐标cyclic coordinate循环积分cyclic integral哈密顿[量] Hamiltonian哈密顿函数Hamiltonian function正则方程canonical equation正则摄动canonical perturbation正则变换canonical transformation正则变量canonical variable哈密顿原理Hamilton principle作用量积分action integral哈密顿--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobi equation 作用--角度变量action-angle variables阿佩尔方程Appell equation劳斯方程Routh equation拉格朗日函数Lagrangian function诺特定理Noether theorem泊松括号poisson bracket边界积分法boundary integral method并矢dyad运动稳定性stability of motion轨道稳定性orbital stability李雅普诺夫函数Lyapunov function渐近稳定性asymptotic stability结构稳定性structural stability久期不稳定性secular instability弗洛凯定理Floquet theorem倾覆力矩capsizing moment自由振动free vibration固有振动natural vibration暂态transient state环境振动ambient vibration反共振anti-resonance衰减attenuation库仑阻尼Coulomb damping同相分量in-phase component非同相分量out-of-phase component超调量overshoot参量[激励]振动parametric vibration模糊振动fuzzy vibration临界转速critical speed of rotation阻尼器damper半峰宽度half-peak width集总参量系统lumped parameter system相平面法phase plane method相轨迹phase trajectory等倾线法isocline method跳跃现象jump phenomenon负阻尼negative damping达芬方程Duffing equation希尔方程Hill equationKBM方法KBM method, Krylov-Bogoliu-bov-Mitropol'skii method 马蒂厄方程Mathieu equation平均法averaging method组合音调combination tone解谐detuning耗散函数dissipative function硬激励hard excitation硬弹簧hard spring, hardening spring谐波平衡法harmonic balance method久期项secular term自激振动self-excited vibration分界线separatrix亚谐波subharmonic软弹簧soft spring ,softening spring软激励soft excitation邓克利公式Dunkerley formula瑞利定理Rayleigh theorem分布参量系统distributed parameter system优势频率dominant frequency模态分析modal analysis固有模态natural mode of vibration同步synchronization超谐波ultraharmonic范德波尔方程van der pol equation频谱frequency spectrum基频fundamental frequencyWKB方法WKB method, Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin method缓冲器buffer风激振动aeolian vibration嗡鸣buzz倒谱cepstrum颤动chatter蛇行hunting阻抗匹配impedance matching机械导纳mechanical admittance机械效率mechanical efficiency机械阻抗mechanical impedance随机振动stochastic vibration, random vibration隔振vibration isolation减振vibration reduction应力过冲stress overshoot喘振surge摆振shimmy起伏运动phugoid motion起伏振荡phugoid oscillation驰振galloping陀螺动力学gyrodynamics陀螺摆gyropendulum陀螺平台gyroplatform陀螺力矩gyroscoopic torque陀螺稳定器gyrostabilizer陀螺体gyrostat惯性导航inertial guidance姿态角attitude angle方位角azimuthal angle舒勒周期Schuler period机器人动力学robot dynamics多体系统multibody system多刚体系统multi-rigid-body system机动性maneuverability凯恩方法Kane method转子[系统]动力学rotor dynamics转子[一支承一基础]系统rotor-support-foundation system 静平衡static balancing动平衡dynamic balancing静不平衡static unbalance动不平衡dynamic unbalance现场平衡field balancing不平衡unbalance不平衡量unbalance互耦力cross force挠性转子flexible rotor分频进动fractional frequency precession半频进动half frequency precession油膜振荡oil whip转子临界转速rotor critical speed自动定心self-alignment亚临界转速subcritical speed涡动whirl连续过程continuous process碰撞截面collision cross section通用气体常数conventional gas constant燃烧不稳定性combustion instability稀释度dilution完全离解complete dissociation火焰传播flame propagation组份constituent碰撞反应速率collision reaction rate燃烧理论combustion theory浓度梯度concentration gradient阴极腐蚀cathodic corrosion火焰速度flame speed火焰驻定flame stabilization火焰结构flame structure着火ignition湍流火焰turbulent flame层流火焰laminar flame燃烧带burning zone渗流flow in porous media, seepage达西定律Darcy law赫尔-肖流Hele-Shaw flow毛[细]管流capillary flow过滤filtration爪进fingering不互溶驱替immiscible displacement不互溶流体immiscible fluid互溶驱替miscible displacement互溶流体miscible fluid迁移率mobility流度比mobility ratio渗透率permeability孔隙度porosity多孔介质porous medium比面specific surface迂曲度tortuosity空隙void空隙分数void fraction注水water flooding可湿性wettability地球物理流体动力学geophysical fluid dynamics 物理海洋学physical oceanography大气环流atmospheric circulation海洋环流ocean circulation海洋流ocean current旋转流rotating flow平流advection埃克曼流Ekman flow埃克曼边界层Ekman boundary layer大气边界层atmospheric boundary layer大气-海洋相互作用atmosphere-ocean interaction埃克曼数Ekman number罗斯贝数Rossby unmber罗斯贝波Rossby wave斜压性baroclinicity正压性barotropy内磨擦internal friction海洋波ocean wave盐度salinity环境流体力学environmental fluid mechanics斯托克斯流Stokes flow羽流plume理查森数Richardson number污染源pollutant source污染物扩散pollutant diffusion噪声noise噪声级noise level噪声污染noise pollution排放物effulent工业流体力学industrical fluid mechanics流控技术fluidics轴向流axial flow并向流co-current flow对向流counter current flow横向流cross flow螺旋流spiral flow旋拧流swirling flow滞后流after flow混合层mixing layer抖振buffeting风压wind pressure附壁效应wall attachment effect, Coanda effect简约频率reduced frequency爆炸力学mechanics of explosion终点弹道学terminal ballistics动态超高压技术dynamic ultrahigh pressure technique 流体弹塑性体hydro-elastoplastic medium热塑不稳定性thermoplastic instability空中爆炸explosion in air地下爆炸underground explosion水下爆炸underwater explosion电爆炸discharge-induced explosion激光爆炸laser-induced explosion核爆炸nuclear explosion点爆炸point-source explosion殉爆sympathatic detonation强爆炸intense explosion粒子束爆炸explosion by beam radiation 聚爆implosion起爆initiation of explosion爆破blasting霍普金森杆Hopkinson bar电炮electric gun电磁炮electromagnetic gun爆炸洞explosion chamber轻气炮light gas gun马赫反射Mach reflection基浪base surge成坑cratering能量沉积energy deposition爆心explosion center爆炸当量explosion equivalent火球fire ball爆高height of burst蘑菇云mushroom侵彻penetration规则反射regular reflection崩落spallation应变率史strain rate history流变学rheology聚合物减阻drag reduction by polymers挤出[物]胀大extrusion swell, die swell无管虹吸tubeless siphon剪胀效应dilatancy effect孔压[误差]效应hole-pressure[error]effect 剪切致稠shear thickening剪切致稀shear thinning触变性thixotropy反触变性anti-thixotropy超塑性superplasticity粘弹塑性材料viscoelasto-plastic material 滞弹性材料anelastic material本构关系constitutive relation麦克斯韦模型Maxwell model沃伊特-开尔文模型Voigt-Kelvin model宾厄姆模型Bingham model奥伊洛特模型Oldroyd model幂律模型power law model应力松驰stress relaxation应变史strain history应力史stress history记忆函数memory function衰退记忆fading memory应力增长stress growing粘度函数voscosity function相对粘度relative viscosity复态粘度complex viscosity拉伸粘度elongational viscosity拉伸流动elongational flow第一法向应力差first normal-stress difference第二法向应力差second normal-stress difference 德博拉数Deborah number魏森贝格数Weissenberg number动态模量dynamic modulus振荡剪切流oscillatory shear flow宇宙气体动力学cosmic gas dynamics等离[子]体动力学plasma dynamics电离气体ionized gas行星边界层planetary boundary layer阿尔文波Alfven wave泊肃叶-哈特曼流] Poiseuille-Hartman flow哈特曼数Hartman number生物流变学biorheology生物流体biofluid生物屈服点bioyield point生物屈服应力bioyield stress电气体力学electro-gas dynamics铁流体力学ferro-hydrodynamics血液流变学hemorheology, blood rheology血液动力学hemodynamics磁流体力学magneto fluid mechanics磁流体动力学magnetohydrodynamics, MHD磁流体动力波magnetohydrodynamic wave磁流体流magnetohydrodynamic flow磁流体动力稳定性magnetohydrodynamic stability 生物力学biomechanics生物流体力学biological fluid mechanics生物固体力学biological solid mechanics宾厄姆塑性流Bingham plastic flow开尔文体Kelvin body沃伊特体Voigt body可贴变形applicable deformation可贴曲面applicable surface边界润滑boundary lubrication液膜润滑fluid film lubrication向心收缩功concentric work离心收缩功eccentric work关节反作用力joint reaction force微循环力学microcyclic mechanics微纤维microfibril渗透性permeability生理横截面积physiological cross-sectional area 农业生物力学agrobiomechanics纤维度fibrousness硬皮度rustiness胶粘度gumminess粘稠度stickiness嫩度tenderness渗透流osmotic flow易位流translocation flow蒸腾流transpirational flow过滤阻力filtration resistance压扁wafering风雪流snow-driving wind停滞堆积accretion遇阻堆积encroachment沙漠地面desert floor流沙固定fixation of shifting sand流动阈值fluid threshold连续介质力学mechanics of continuous media 介质medium流体质点fluid particle无粘性流体nonviscous fluid, inviscid fluid连续介质假设continuous medium hypothesis流体运动学fluid kinematics水静力学hydrostatics液体静力学hydrostatics支配方程governing equation伯努利方程Bernoulli equation伯努利定理Bernonlli theorem毕奥-萨伐尔定律Biot-Savart law欧拉方程Euler equation亥姆霍兹定理Helmholtz theorem开尔文定理Kelvin theorem涡片vortex sheet库塔-茹可夫斯基条件Kutta-Zhoukowski condition 布拉休斯解Blasius solution达朗贝尔佯廖d'Alembert paradox雷诺数Reynolds number施特鲁哈尔数Strouhal number随体导数material derivative不可压缩流体incompressible fluid质量守恒conservation of mass动量守恒conservation of momentum能量守恒conservation of energy动量方程momentum equation能量方程energy equation控制体积control volume液体静压hydrostatic pressure涡量拟能enstrophy压差differential pressure流[动] flow流线stream line流面stream surface流管stream tube迹线path, path line流场flow field流态flow regime流动参量flow parameter流量flow rate, flow discharge涡旋vortex涡量vorticity涡丝vortex filament涡线vortex line涡面vortex surface涡层vortex layer涡环vortex ring涡对vortex pair涡管vortex tube涡街vortex street卡门涡街Karman vortex street马蹄涡horseshoe vortex对流涡胞convective cell卷筒涡胞roll cell涡eddy涡粘性eddy viscosity环流circulation环量circulation速度环量velocity circulation偶极子doublet, dipole驻点stagnation point总压[力] total pressure总压头total head静压头static head总焓total enthalpy能量输运energy transport速度剖面velocity profile库埃特流Couette flow单相流single phase flow单组份流single-component flow均匀流uniform flow非均匀流nonuniform flow二维流two-dimensional flow三维流three-dimensional flow准定常流quasi-steady flow非定常流unsteady flow, non-steady flow 暂态流transient flow周期流periodic flow振荡流oscillatory flow分层流stratified flow无旋流irrotational flow有旋流rotational flow轴对称流axisymmetric flow不可压缩性incompressibility不可压缩流[动] incompressible flow浮体floating body定倾中心metacenter阻力drag, resistance减阻drag reduction表面力surface force表面张力surface tension毛细[管]作用capillarity来流incoming flow自由流free stream自由流线free stream line外流external flow进口entrance, inlet出口exit, outlet扰动disturbance, perturbation分布distribution传播propagation色散dispersion弥散dispersion附加质量added mass ,associated mass 收缩contraction镜象法image method无量纲参数dimensionless parameter几何相似geometric similarity运动相似kinematic similarity动力相似[性] dynamic similarity平面流plane flow势potential势流potential flow速度势velocity potential复势complex potential复速度complex velocity流函数stream function源source汇sink速度[水]头velocity head拐角流corner flow空泡流cavity flow超空泡supercavity超空泡流supercavity flow空气动力学aerodynamics低速空气动力学low-speed aerodynamics 高速空气动力学high-speed aerodynamics 气动热力学aerothermodynamics亚声速流[动] subsonic flow跨声速流[动] transonic flow超声速流[动] supersonic flow锥形流conical flow楔流wedge flow叶栅流cascade flow非平衡流[动] non-equilibrium flow细长体slender body细长度slenderness钝头体bluff body钝体blunt body翼型airfoil翼弦chord薄翼理论thin-airfoil theory构型configuration后缘trailing edge迎角angle of attack失速stall脱体激波detached shock wave波阻wave drag诱导阻力induced drag诱导速度induced velocity临界雷诺数critical Reynolds number前缘涡leading edge vortex附着涡bound vortex约束涡confined vortex气动中心aerodynamic center气动力aerodynamic force气动噪声aerodynamic noise气动加热aerodynamic heating离解dissociation地面效应ground effect气体动力学gas dynamics稀疏波rarefaction wave热状态方程thermal equation of state喷管Nozzle普朗特-迈耶流Prandtl-Meyer flow瑞利流Rayleigh flow可压缩流[动] compressible flow可压缩流体compressible fluid绝热流adiabatic flow非绝热流diabatic flow未扰动流undisturbed flow等熵流isentropic flow匀熵流homoentropic flow兰金-于戈尼奥条件Rankine-Hugoniot condition 状态方程equation of state量热状态方程caloric equation of state完全气体perfect gas拉瓦尔喷管Laval nozzle马赫角Mach angle马赫锥Mach cone马赫线Mach line马赫数Mach number马赫波Mach wave当地马赫数local Mach number冲击波shock wave激波shock wave正激波normal shock wave斜激波oblique shock wave头波bow wave附体激波attached shock wave激波阵面shock front激波层shock layer压缩波compression wave反射reflection折射refraction散射scattering衍射diffraction绕射diffraction出口压力exit pressure超压[强] over pressure反压back pressure爆炸explosion爆轰detonation缓燃deflagration水动力学hydrodynamics液体动力学hydrodynamics泰勒不稳定性Taylor instability盖斯特纳波Gerstner wave斯托克斯波Stokes wave瑞利数Rayleigh number自由面free surface波速wave speed, wave velocity 波高wave height波列wave train波群wave group波能wave energy表面波surface wave表面张力波capillary wave规则波regular wave不规则波irregular wave浅水波shallow water wave深水波deep water wave重力波gravity wave椭圆余弦波cnoidal wave潮波tidal wave涌波surge wave破碎波breaking wave船波ship wave非线性波nonlinear wave孤立子soliton水动[力]噪声hydrodynamic noise 水击water hammer空化cavitation空化数cavitation number空蚀cavitation damage超空化流supercavitating flow水翼hydrofoil水力学hydraulics洪水波flood wave涟漪ripple消能energy dissipation海洋水动力学marine hydrodynamics谢齐公式Chezy formula欧拉数Euler number弗劳德数Froude number水力半径hydraulic radius水力坡度hvdraulic slope高度水头elevating head水头损失head loss水位water level水跃hydraulic jump含水层aquifer排水drainage排放量discharge壅水曲线back water curve压[强水]头pressure head过水断面flow cross-section明槽流open channel flow孔流orifice flow无压流free surface flow有压流pressure flow缓流subcritical flow急流supercritical flow渐变流gradually varied flow急变流rapidly varied flow临界流critical flow异重流density current, gravity flow堰流weir flow掺气流aerated flow含沙流sediment-laden stream降水曲线dropdown curve沉积物sediment, deposit沉[降堆]积sedimentation, deposition沉降速度settling velocity流动稳定性flow stability不稳定性instability奥尔-索末菲方程Orr-Sommerfeld equation涡量方程vorticity equation泊肃叶流Poiseuille flow奥辛流Oseen flow剪切流shear flow粘性流[动] viscous flow层流laminar flow分离流separated flow二次流secondary flow近场流near field flow远场流far field flow滞止流stagnation flow尾流wake [flow]回流back flow反流reverse flow射流jet自由射流free jet管流pipe flow, tube flow内流internal flow拟序结构coherent structure 猝发过程bursting process表观粘度apparent viscosity 运动粘性kinematic viscosity 动力粘性dynamic viscosity泊poise厘泊centipoise厘沱centistoke剪切层shear layer次层sublayer流动分离flow separation层流分离laminar separation 湍流分离turbulent separation 分离点separation point附着点attachment point再附reattachment再层流化relaminarization起动涡starting vortex驻涡standing vortex涡旋破碎vortex breakdown涡旋脱落vortex shedding压[力]降pressure drop压差阻力pressure drag压力能pressure energy型阻profile drag滑移速度slip velocity无滑移条件non-slip condition壁剪应力skin friction, frictional drag壁剪切速度friction velocity磨擦损失friction loss磨擦因子friction factor耗散dissipation滞后lag相似性解similar solution局域相似local similarity气体润滑gas lubrication液体动力润滑hydrodynamic lubrication浆体slurry泰勒数Taylor number纳维-斯托克斯方程Navier-Stokes equation 牛顿流体Newtonian fluid边界层理论boundary later theory边界层方程boundary layer equation边界层boundary layer附面层boundary layer层流边界层laminar boundary layer湍流边界层turbulent boundary layer温度边界层thermal boundary layer边界层转捩boundary layer transition边界层分离boundary layer separation边界层厚度boundary layer thickness位移厚度displacement thickness能量厚度energy thickness焓厚度enthalpy thickness注入injection吸出suction泰勒涡Taylor vortex速度亏损律velocity defect law形状因子shape factor测速法anemometry粘度测定法visco[si] metry流动显示flow visualization油烟显示oil smoke visualization孔板流量计orifice meter频率响应frequency response油膜显示oil film visualization阴影法shadow method纹影法schlieren method烟丝法smoke wire method丝线法tuft method氢泡法nydrogen bubble method相似理论similarity theory相似律similarity law部分相似partial similarity定理pi theorem, Buckingham theorem静[态]校准static calibration动态校准dynamic calibration风洞wind tunnel激波管shock tube激波管风洞shock tube wind tunnel水洞water tunnel拖曳水池towing tank旋臂水池rotating arm basin扩散段diffuser测压孔pressure tap皮托管pitot tube普雷斯顿管preston tube斯坦顿管Stanton tube文丘里管Venturi tubeU形管U-tube压强计manometer微压计micromanometer多管压强计multiple manometer静压管static [pressure]tube流速计anemometer风速管Pitot- static tube激光多普勒测速计laser Doppler anemometer, laser Doppler velocimeter 热线流速计hot-wire anemometer热膜流速计hot- film anemometer流量计flow meter粘度计visco[si] meter涡量计vorticity meter传感器transducer, sensor压强传感器pressure transducer热敏电阻thermistor示踪物tracer时间线time line脉线streak line尺度效应scale effect壁效应wall effect堵塞blockage堵寒效应blockage effect动态响应dynamic response响应频率response frequency底压base pressure菲克定律Fick law巴塞特力Basset force埃克特数Eckert number格拉斯霍夫数Grashof number努塞特数Nusselt number普朗特数prandtl number雷诺比拟Reynolds analogy施密特数schmidt number斯坦顿数Stanton number对流convection自由对流natural convection, free convec-tion 强迫对流forced convection热对流heat convection质量传递mass transfer传质系数mass transfer coefficient热量传递heat transfer传热系数heat transfer coefficient对流传热convective heat transfer辐射传热radiative heat transfer动量交换momentum transfer能量传递energy transfer传导conduction热传导conductive heat transfer热交换heat exchange临界热通量critical heat flux浓度concentration扩散diffusion扩散性diffusivity扩散率diffusivity扩散速度diffusion velocity分子扩散molecular diffusion沸腾boiling蒸发evaporation气化gasification凝结condensation成核nucleation计算流体力学computational fluid mechanics 多重尺度问题multiple scale problem伯格斯方程Burgers equation对流扩散方程convection diffusion equation KDU方程KDV equation修正微分方程modified differential equation拉克斯等价定理Lax equivalence theorem数值模拟numerical simulation大涡模拟large eddy simulation数值粘性numerical viscosity非线性不稳定性nonlinear instability希尔特稳定性分析Hirt stability analysis相容条件consistency conditionCFL条件Courant- Friedrichs- Lewy condition ,CFL condition 狄里克雷边界条件Dirichlet boundary condition熵条件entropy condition远场边界条件far field boundary condition流入边界条件inflow boundary condition无反射边界条件nonreflecting boundary condition数值边界条件numerical boundary condition流出边界条件outflow boundary condition冯.诺伊曼条件von Neumann condition近似因子分解法approximate factorization method人工压缩artificial compression人工粘性artificial viscosity边界元法boundary element method配置方法collocation method能量法energy method有限体积法finite volume method流体网格法fluid in cell method, FLIC method通量校正传输法flux-corrected transport method通量矢量分解法flux vector splitting method伽辽金法Galerkin method积分方法integral method标记网格法marker and cell method, MAC method特征线法method of characteristics直线法method of lines矩量法moment method多重网格法multi- grid method板块法panel method质点网格法particle in cell method, PIC method质点法particle method预估校正法predictor-corrector method投影法projection method准谱法pseudo-spectral method随机选取法random choice method激波捕捉法shock-capturing method激波拟合法shock-fitting method谱方法spectral method稀疏矩阵分解法split coefficient matrix method不定常法time-dependent method时间分步法time splitting method变分法variational method涡方法vortex method隐格式implicit scheme显格式explicit scheme交替方向隐格式alternating direction implicit scheme, ADI scheme 反扩散差分格式anti-diffusion difference scheme紧差分格式compact difference scheme守恒差分格式conservation difference scheme克兰克-尼科尔森格式Crank-Nicolson scheme杜福特-弗兰克尔格式Dufort-Frankel scheme指数格式exponential scheme戈本诺夫格式Godunov scheme高分辨率格式high resolution scheme拉克斯-温德罗夫格式Lax-Wendroff scheme蛙跳格式leap-frog scheme单调差分格式monotone difference scheme保单调差分格式monotonicity preserving difference scheme穆曼-科尔格式Murman-Cole scheme半隐格式semi-implicit scheme斜迎风格式skew-upstream scheme全变差下降格式total variation decreasing scheme TVD scheme迎风格式upstream scheme , upwind scheme计算区域computational domain物理区域physical domain影响域domain of influence依赖域domain of dependence区域分解domain decomposition维数分解dimensional split物理解physical solution弱解weak solution黎曼解算子Riemann solver守恒型conservation form弱守恒型weak conservation form强守恒型strong conservation form散度型divergence form贴体曲线坐标body- fitted curvilinear coordi-nates[自]适应网格[self-] adaptive mesh适应网格生成adaptive grid generation自动网格生成automatic grid generation数值网格生成numerical grid generation交错网格staggered mesh网格雷诺数cell Reynolds number数植扩散numerical diffusion数值耗散numerical dissipation数值色散numerical dispersion数值通量numerical flux放大因子amplification factor放大矩阵amplification matrix阻尼误差damping error离散涡discrete vortex熵通量entropy flux熵函数entropy function分步法fractional step method广义连续统力学generalized continuum mechanics简单物质simple material纯力学物质purely mechanical material微分型物质material of differential type积分型物质material of integral type混合物组份constituents of a mixture非协调理论incompatibility theory微极理论micropolar theory决定性原理principle of determinism等存在原理principle of equipresence局部作用原理principle of objectivity客观性原理principle of objectivity电磁连续统理论theory of electromagnetic continuum 内时理论endochronic theory非局部理论nonlocal theory混合物理论theory of mixtures里夫林-矣里克森张量Rivlin-Ericksen tensor声张量acoustic tensor半向同性张量hemitropic tensor各向同性张量isotropic tensor应变张量strain tensor伸缩张量stretch tensor连续旋错continuous dislination连续位错continuous dislocation动量矩平衡angular momentum balance余本构关系complementary constitutive relations共旋导数co-rotational derivative, Jaumann derivative 非完整分量anholonomic component爬升效应climbing effect协调条件compatibility condition错综度complexity当时构形current configuration能量平衡energy balance变形梯度deformation gradient有限弹性finite elasticity熵增entropy production标架无差异性frame indifference弹性势elastic potential熵不等式entropy inequality极分解polar decomposition低弹性hypoelasticity参考构形reference configuration响应泛函response functional动量平衡momentum balance奇异面singular surface贮能函数stored-energy function内部约束internal constraint物理分量physical components本原元primitive element普适变形universal deformation速度梯度velocity gradient测粘流动viscometric flow当地导数local derivative岩石力学rock mechanics原始岩体应力virgin rock stress构造应力tectonic stress三轴压缩试验three-axial compression test 三轴拉伸试验three-axial tensile test三轴试验triaxial test岩层静态应力lithostatic stress吕荣lugeon地压强geostatic pressure水力劈裂hydraulic fracture咬合[作用] interlocking内禀抗剪强度intrinsic shear strength循环抗剪强度cyclic shear strength残余抗剪强度residual shear strength土力学soil mechanics孔隙比void ratio内磨擦角angle of internal friction休止角angle of repose孔隙率porosity围压ambient pressure渗透系数coefficient of permeability [抗]剪切角angle of shear resistance渗流力seepage force表观粘聚力apparent cohesion粘聚力cohesion稠度consistency固结consolidation主固结primary consolidation次固结secondary consolidation固结仪consolidometer浮升力uplift扩容dilatancy有效应力effective stress絮凝[作用] flocculation主动土压力active earth pressure 被动土压力passive earth pressure 土动力学soil dynamics应力解除stress relief次时间效应secondary time effect 贯入阻力penetration resistance沙土液化liquefaction of sand泥流mud flow多相流multiphase flow马格努斯效应Magnus effect韦伯数Weber number环状流annular flow泡状流bubble flow层状流stratified flow平衡流equilibrium flow二组份流two-component flow冻结流frozen flow均质流homogeneous flow二相流two-phase flow气-液流gas-liquid flow气-固流gas-solid flow液-气流liquid-gas flow液-固流liquid-solid flow液体-蒸气流liquid-vapor flow浓相dense phase稀相dilute phase连续相continuous phase离散相dispersed phase悬浮suspension气力输运pneumatic transport气泡形成bubble formation体密度bulk density壅塞choking微滴droplet挟带entrainment流型flow pattern流[态]化fluidization界面interface跃动速度saltation velocity非牛顿流体力学non-Newtonian fluid mechanics非牛顿流体non-Newtonian fluid幂律流体power law fluid拟塑性流体pseudoplastic fluid触稠流体rheopectic fluid触变流体thixotropic fluid粘弹性流体viscoelastic fluid流变测量学rheometry震凝性rheopexy体[积]粘性bulk viscosity魏森贝格效应Weissenberg effect流变仪rheometer稀薄气体动力学rarefied gas dynamics物理化学流体力学physico-chemical hydrodynamics 空气热化学aerothermochemistry绝对压强absolute pressure绝对反应速率absolute reaction rate绝对温度absolute temperature吸收系数absorption coefficient活化分子activated molecule活化能activation energy绝热压缩adiabatic compression绝热膨胀adiabatic expansion绝热火焰温度adiabatic flame temperature电弧风洞arc tunnel原子热atomic heat雾化atomization自燃auto-ignition自动氧化auto-oxidation可用能量available energy缓冲作用buffer action松密度bulk density燃烧率burning rate燃烧速度burning velocity接触面contact surface烧蚀ablation弹性力学elasticity弹性理论theory of elasticity均匀应力状态homogeneous state of stress应力不变量stress invariant应变不变量strain invariant应变椭球strain ellipsoid均匀应变状态homogeneous state of strain应变协调方程equation of strain compatibility拉梅常量Lame constants各向同性弹性isotropic elasticity旋转圆盘rotating circular disk楔wedge开尔文问题Kelvin problem布西内斯克问题Boussinesq problem艾里应力函数Airy stress function克罗索夫-穆斯赫利什维利法Kolosoff-Muskhelishvili method 基尔霍夫假设Kirchhoff hypothesis板Plate矩形板Rectangular plate圆板Circular plate环板Annular plate波纹板Corrugated plate加劲板Stiffened plate,reinforced Plate中厚板Plate of moderate thickness弯[曲]应力函数Stress function of bending壳Shell扁壳Shallow shell旋转壳Revolutionary shell球壳Spherical shell[圆]柱壳Cylindrical shell锥壳Conical shell环壳Toroidal shell封闭壳Closed shell波纹壳Corrugated shell扭[转]应力函数Stress function of torsion翘曲函数Warping function半逆解法semi-inverse method瑞利--里茨法Rayleigh-Ritz method松弛法Relaxation method莱维法Levy method松弛Relaxation量纲分析Dimensional analysis自相似[性] self-similarity影响面Influence surface接触应力Contact stress赫兹理论Hertz theory协调接触Conforming contact滑动接触Sliding contact滚动接触Rolling contact压入Indentation各向异性弹性Anisotropic elasticity颗粒材料Granular material散体力学Mechanics of granular media 热弹性Thermoelasticity超弹性Hyperelasticity粘弹性Viscoelasticity对应原理Correspondence principle褶皱Wrinkle塑性全量理论Total theory of plasticity 滑动Sliding微滑Microslip粗糙度Roughness非线性弹性Nonlinear elasticity大挠度Large deflection突弹跳变snap-through有限变形Finite deformation格林应变Green strain阿尔曼西应变Almansi strain弹性动力学Dynamic elasticity运动方程Equation of motion准静态的Quasi-static气动弹性Aeroelasticity水弹性Hydroelasticity颤振Flutter弹性波Elastic wave简单波Simple wave柱面波Cylindrical wave水平剪切波Horizontal shear wave竖直剪切波Vertical shear wave体波body wave无旋波Irrotational wave畸变波Distortion wave膨胀波Dilatation wave瑞利波Rayleigh wave等容波Equivoluminal wave勒夫波Love wave界面波Interfacial wave边缘效应edge effect塑性力学Plasticity可成形性Formability金属成形Metal forming。

[计算机]计算机英语单词翻译

[计算机]计算机英语单词翻译1. Access 访问，存取，进入2. Administrator 管理者，行政人员3. Adobe 土胚4. Advanced 前进，提高，发展，提前5. Anti 反对6. Appearance 出面，露面，外表7. Appendix 附录，阑尾8. Application 应用程序，应用 9. Asset 资产10. Assignment 分配，指定 11. Authorware 编辑软件12. Auto 自动13. Available 有效的，可得到 14. Backup 备份15. Base 底，基础，基地，不纯的 16. Batch 批量，一批，分批处理 17. Battery 电池18. Blank 空白的19. Bluetooth 蓝牙设备20. Boot 引导21. Buffer 缓冲区，缓存22. Cardbus 插件总线23. Case 事例，场合，情形 24. Cfg 上下文无关文法25. Channel 导向，河底，引入 26. Check 检查27. Client 客户，当事人，委托方 28. Codec 编码解码器29. Command 命令，指挥30. Component 成分，组成部分 31. Configuration 配置，外貌，外形 32. Connect 连接33. Console 安慰;控制板，风琴键盘34. Contiguous 接触着的，邻近的 35. Continue 继续36. Conventional 常规，传统的 37. Convert 转换38. Copy 复制，拷贝39. Corporation 公司，市政府 40. Current 现时的，当前的，电流 41. Cursor 光标，游标42. Custom 风俗习惯;海关 43. Cyber 电脑的恶，网络的 44. Datum 数据，资料(复数:Data)45. Default 缺省，违约，弃权，默认值 46. Description 描述，描写，表达 47. Desktop 台式的，桌面的 48. Detail 细节，详述，派遣 49. Detect 发现，察觉50. Device 设备，策略51. Diagnosis 诊断52. Diagnostic 诊断程序，用于诊断的 53. Disabled 残疾的，不可用的 54. Diskette 磁盘55. Distribution 发布，分散 56. DLL 动态链接库57. Dock 坞站，码头58. Documents 文件，文档，用文件证明 59. Download 下载60. Drive 驱动器61. Edit 编辑62. Electronic 电子的63. Enabled 能够行64. Enter 进入，键入65. Environment 环境66. Error 错误，过失67. Event 事件68. Excel 电子表格，优胜 69. Expansion 扩展70. Explorer 探索者，探险家 71. Express 明确的，表示，快递服务 72. Extended 扩展，延伸73. External 外部的，国外的 74. Fail 失败75. Failure 失败76. Feature 特征，特色，容貌，故事片 77. File 文件夹，文件78. Flash 动画技术，闪光 79. Floppy 软盘驱动器，软的 80. Font 字体81. Frequency 频率，屡次，次数 82. Frontpage 等第一版的，重要的 83. Function 功能，函数，运行 84. Guest 来宾，客人85. Halt 停止86. Hardwore 硬件87. HDD 硬盘驱动器88. Hood 头巾，覆盖89. Hotkey 热键90. Icon 插图91. Identity 完全相同的，恒等式 92. Image 图像，印象93. Incorporated 合并，合法组成的 94. Infrared 红外线95. Init 初始化96. Install 安装，安置，就职 97. Integrate 使整合，完整 98. Intellingent 聪明的，有才智的 99. Internal 内部的，国内的 100.Internet 互联网101.Intrusion 侵入，闯入 102.Item 条款103.Keyboard 键盘bel 标签，记号N 局域网yout 布局，安排，设计 107.Legacy 遗产，遗物108.Leve 等级109.Lingoe 语言，奇怪难懂的语言 110.Log 日志111.Lyric 歌词，诗歌112.Management 管理113.Master 主任，家长114.Media 媒体115.Memory 内存，记忆116.Method 方法，条理117.Migration 移动，移居 118.Modem 调制解调器119.Modular 模块化的，模块 120.Monitor 显示器，监视器，班长work 网络，网状系统 122.NIC 网卡123.Office 办公室，营业处 124.Onboard 板载，在板上的 125.Operable 可操作的，可动手术的 126.Optimize 使完善127.Order 有次序地128.Outlook 景色，观点129.Output 输出，产量130.Override 废除，不顾，不理 131.Panel 板，面盘132.Parallel 平行的，相似的，并联133.Password 密码134.Path 路径135.PCI 外部命令指示符 136.Peer 同等的137.Perigherals 外围的，不重要的 138.Plugin 插入式的139.Policy 政策，保险单 140.Port 端口，港口141.POST 开机自检142.Preinstall 预设，预安装 143.Present 出现，礼物 144.Press 按，压145.Primary 主要的，处级的 146.Print 打印，印刷147.Printer 打印机，印刷工 148.Procs 会刊，处理机 149.Profile 侧面，概要，轮廓 150.Program 程序151.Provision 供应，预备 152.Rate 进度，比率153.Ratio 比:比率154.Rec 录制155.Recognize 承认，认出，认可，表扬156.Recovery 恢复，复原，取回 157.Register 记录，注册 158.Remote 遥远的，偏远的，关系冷淡的159.Reset 复位160.Resident 居民，住户， 161.Resource 资源，谋略 162.Resume 继续，重新开始 163.Root 根，根部164.Schema 图解，纲要，计划，模式 165.Screen 屏幕166.Secondary 次要的，第二的 167.Secure 可靠的，安全的 168.Security 安全，保障措施，证券 169.Select 挑选，择优170.Sequence 顺序，词序 171.Serial 连续的，按顺序的 172.Session 会议，学期 173.Setup 安装174.Shell 外壳，贝壳175.Shield 盾牌，保护176.Shift 变换，改变177.Shutdown 关机，停工 178.Size 型号，尺寸179.Skin 皮肤180.Skip 跳过，跳绳181.Slave 奴隶，受控制的 182.Slot 插槽，槽，位置 183.Software 软件184.Solution 解决，解答 185.Sonic 声波的186.Soundman 调音员187.Speed 速率，速度 188.Standard 标准，模范 189.Status 身份190.Storage 储藏，仓库 191.Sum 一些，总数192.Supervisor 管理员，监督人 193.Suspend 挂起，中止，吊，暂停194.Synthesizer 合成器 195.System 系统196.Task 工作，任务197.Technology 工艺，技术 198.Temp 临时的199.Template 样板，模板 200.Temprature 温度201.Terminal 终端，学期末的，最终的202.Test 测试，测验203.Tool 工具204.Toolbar 工具条(栏) 205.Total 总计，完全的 206.Twain 一对，双207.Tweak 抓，拧208.UNICODE 统一码209.UnInstall 卸载210.Update 升级，更新 211.Utility 有用，有意，公用事业212.Vcore 电压213.Version 版本，看法，形式 214.Video 视频215.Virtual 实事，实际上 216.Volatile 易变的，反复无常，挥发性217.Voltage 电压，伏特 218.Warnning 注意219.Wireless 无线的，无线电 220.Zone 地区，地带。

机械加工常用基础英语名词术语翻译对照大全

fabrication tolerance.制造容差
fabrication 加工，制造
fabrication.制造
feeder馈电线
ferritic .铁素体的
field fabricated 工地制造的，现场装配的
field installation 现场安装
back-feed反馈
base material基底材料
bellow type 波纹管式
bend.弯管弯头
Bending：挠曲
beveling 磨斜棱，磨斜边
blinding plate盲板
blind挡板
blowhole气泡，气孔
master schedule 主要图表，综合图表，设计任务书，主要作业表
material certificate.材料合格证
metallic luster 金属光泽
motor lead电动机引出线
name plate名牌，商标
National Electrical Code 全国电气规程
cement lined piping 水泥衬里
channel bases沟渠基底
check against 检查，核对
check valve止回阀
chipping修琢
chronometer精密计时表
Circuit breaker断路开关
circumferential joint 周圈接缝
process pipe 工艺管道
purchased material list原材料进货单
push button station按钮式控制站
qualification：合格性

地铁常用英文缩写对照表(英语翻译)

FAS Fire Alarm System 火灾报警系统BAS Building Automation System 建筑设备自动化系统AFC Auto Fare Collection 自动售检票系统ATP Automatic Train Protection 列车自动防护ATS Automatic Train Supervision 列车自动监控ATC Automatic Train Control 列车自动控制ATO Automatic Train Operation 列车自动运行SCADA Scan Control Alarm Database 供电系统管理自动化OCC Operated Control Center 控制中心HMI Human Machine Interface 人机接口UPS Uninterrupted Power Supply 不间断电源MOC Ministry of construction 建设部TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol 传输控制协议/网络互联协议FTP File Transfer Protocol 文件传输协议API Application Programming Interface 应用程序接口IBP Integrated Backup Panel 综合后备盘LAN Local Area Network 局域网WAN Wide Area Network 广域网MTBF Mean Time Between Failure 平均无故障时间MTTR Mean Time To Repair 平均修复时间SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol 简单网络管理协议UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply 不间断电源IEEE Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers 国际电子与电气工程师协会GB GuoBiao 中国国家标准EN 欧洲标准OTN Open Transport Network 开放传输网络OSI Open System Internet 开放系统互联PC Personal Computer 个人计算机PIIS Passenger Information and Indication System 旅客向导系统PSD Platforms Screen Door 安全门QoS Quality of Service 服务质量RAMS 安全性、可靠性、可用性、可维护性TB TieBiao 中国铁道部标准CIF Cost Insurance and Freight 到岸价格UIC 国际铁路联盟ITU-T 国际电讯联盟IEC International Electrician Commission 国际电工委员会ISO International Organization ForStandardization 国际标准化组织ANSI American National Standards Institute 美国国家标准学会NFPA National Fire Protection Association 美国全国防火协会BSI British Standards Institution 英国标准学会DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung 德国标准化学会JISC Japanese Industrial Standards Committee 日本工业标准调查会EIA Electronic Industries Alliance 美国电子工业协会CCIR 国际无线咨询委员会标准ISO9001 质量安全体系标准ISO14000 环境管理体系标准RIA Railway Industry Association 铁路工业协会IDC Intermodality Data Center 清结算数据中心Tc Trailer Car 带司机室拖车T Trailer 不带司机室拖车Mp Motor Car With Pantograph 带受电弓的动车M Motor Car 不带受电弓的动车AW0 空载AW1 每位乘客都有座位AW2 每平方米6人AW3 每平方米9人CSC Contactless Smart Card 非接触智能卡CST Contactless Smart Token 非接触智能筹码EOD Equipment Operating Data 设备运行参数专业名称全称中文意思车辆系统 LRU Line Replaceable Unit 线路可替换单元TBD To be Defined 待定义，待规定TBEx Trailer Bogie-External 拖车外转向架TBIn Train Bogie-Intermediate 拖车中间转向架TBU Tread Brake Unit 踏面制动单元WSP Wheel Speed Sensor 轮速传感器PB Powered Bogie 动车转向架FDU Frontal Display Unit 前部显示单元IDU Internal Display Unit 内部显示单元TIMS Train Integrated Management System 列车综合管理系统DVA Digital and Audio Announcements 数字语音广播器MPU Main Processor Unit 主控单元APU Audio Power Unit 放大器单元VPI Visual Passenger Information 可视乘客信息VVVF Variable Voltage Variable Frequency 变压变频信号系统 ACS Axle Counting System 计轴系统AM ATO Mode ATO自动折返模式AP Access Point 接入点AS Access Switch 接入交换机ATO Automatic Train Operation 列车自动运行ATP Automatic Train Protection 列车自动防护ATPM ATP Manual Mode ATP防护下的人工列车驾驶模式ATS Automatic Train Supervision 列车自动监控BS Backbone Switch 骨干交换机CBTC Communications-Based Train Control 基于通信的列车控制CC Carborne Controller 车载控制器CI Computer Based Interlocking 计算机联锁DCS Data Communication Subsystem 数据通信子系统DSU Database Storage Unit 数据库存储单元EB Emergency Brake 紧急制动ILC Interlocking Controller 联锁控制器LCD Liquid Crystal Displayer 液晶显示器LED Light Emitting Diode 发光二极管MAL Movement Authority Limit 移动授权MR Mobile Radio 车载无线台OCC Operational Control Center 运营控制中心RM Restricted Manual 限制人工模式TOD Train Operator Display 司机显示器通信系统 MDF Multiplex Distribution Frame 综合配线架TBS TETRA Base Station TETRA基站PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange 专用自动小交换机DDF Digital Distribution Frame 光配线架ODF Optical Distribution Frame 数字配线架VDF Audio Distribution Frame 光配线架DxTiP Digital Exchange for TETRA 音频配线架ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network TETRA数字交换机OMS OTN Management System 综合业务数字网NCC Network Control System OTN管理系统PCM Pulse Code Modulation 脉冲编码调制TETRA Terrestial Trunked Radio 欧洲数字集群标准TDM Time Division Multiplexing 时分复用PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network 公用电话交换网CDD Configuration and Data Distribution Server 配置及数字分配服务器自动售检票系统 CPS Central Processing System 中央计算机系统SPS Station Processing System 车站计算机系统PIN Personal Identification Number 个人身份号码ACC AFC Clearing Center 轨道交通AFC清算管理中心AGM Automatic Gate Machine 自动检票机TCM Ticket Checking Machine 自动验票机TVM Ticket Vending Machine 自动售票机SEMI-TVM Manually Operated Ticket Vending Machine 半自动售票机PVU Portable Verifying Unit 便携式验票机GATE 闸机火灾报警系统 GCC Graphic Control ComputerFAC Fire Advisory Council 消防专项合格证书I/O Input/Output 输入/输出EST Edwards System Technology 爱德华系统技术NCS Network Control Station 网络控制工作站环境监控系统 DCS Distributed Control System 集散控制系统PID Proportional-Integral-Differential 比例-积分-微分调节PLC Program Logical Controller 可编程序控制器RI/O Remote Input/Output 远程输入输出EMCS Electrical and Mechanical Control System 机电。

常用音响英语词汇翻译对照表

常用音响英语词汇翻译对照表1. Amplifier（放大器）：用于增强音频信号的设备，使其能够驱动扬声器发声。

2. Speaker（扬声器）：将电信号转换为声波的装置，使我们能够听到声音。

3. Subwoofer（低音炮）：专门用于播放低频声音的扬声器，增强音乐和电影的震撼效果。

4. Frequency（频率）：声波每秒振动的次数，单位为赫兹（Hz）。

5. Watt（瓦特）：衡量音响设备功率的单位，表示每秒消耗或转换的能量。

6. Impedance（阻抗）：衡量扬声器对电流阻碍程度的参数，单位为欧姆（Ω）。

7. Decibel（分贝）：衡量声音强度的单位，用于表示音量大小。

8. Surround Sound（环绕声）：一种模拟真实声音环境的音频技术，让听众感受到全方位的音效。

9. Equalizer（均衡器）：用于调整音频信号中各个频率段音量的设备，以改善音质。

10. Audio Interface（音频接口）：连接音频设备和计算机的硬件，用于传输音频信号。

11. Mixing Console（调音台）：用于混合、调整多个音频信号的设备，常用于录音和现场演出。

12. Sound Card（声卡）：计算机上的硬件，用于处理和输出音频信号。

13. Headphones（耳机）：戴在耳朵上的音频输出设备，提供私人听觉体验。

14. Microphone（麦克风）：将声音转换为电信号的设备，用于录音和现场演出。

15. Volume（音量）：声音的响度，可以通过调整音响设备的音量旋钮来改变。

16. Treble（高音）：指音频信号中的高频部分，调整它可以影响声音的清晰度和明亮度。

17. Bass（低音）：音频信号中的低频部分，调整低音可以增加音乐的厚重感和节奏感。

18. Midrange（中音）：音频信号中的中频部分，主要负责人声和大多数乐器的音质表现。

19. Crossover（分频器）：用于将音频信号按照频率分成几个不同的频段，分别送往相应的扬声器。

计算机专业英语第6—8单元翻译

CHAPTER 619. SYSTEM UNIT (P150)The system unit, also known as the system cabinet, is a container that houses most系统单元该系统的单位，又称系统机柜，是一个容器，里面大部分构成一个计算机系统的电子元件。

所有的计算机系统有一个系统单位。

微型计算机中，有四种基本类型：桌面系统的单位,笔记本电脑系统的单位,平板电脑系统的单位,掌上电脑系统的单位2. SYSTEM BOARD (P153)The system board is also known as the motherboard. The system board is the系统板也被称为主板。

系统板是整个计算机系统的通信媒介。

系统单位的每一个组件连接到系统板上。

它作为一个数据的各个组成部分互相沟通的路径。

外部设备，如键盘，鼠标和显示器无法沟通与系统的单位没有系统板。

21. (P154)Sockets provide a connection point for small specialized electronic parts called套接字提供了一个小的芯片专门的电子零件的连接点。

芯片由微小的电路板蚀刻到硅sandlike材料的平方。

这些电路板可小于指尖。

A芯片也被称为一个硅芯片，半导体，集成电路。

芯片安装在载体上的包。

这些包直接插入系统板上的插座上或卡，然后插入到系统板上的插槽。

插座是用来连接各种不同类型的芯片，包括微处理器和内存芯片的系统板。

22. MICROPROCESSOR (P155)In a microcomputer system, the central processing unit (CPU) or processor is 在微机系统中，中央处理单元（CPU）或处理器包含一个单一的芯片上称为微处理器。

运动系统英语单词及其翻译

《运动系统》专业单词1、运动系统（解剖学部分）cervical vertebrae 颈椎thoracic vertebrae 胸椎lumbar vertebrae 腰椎sacrum 骶骨coccyx 尾骨sacral hiatus 骶管裂孔intervertebral foramen 椎间孔sternum 胸骨sternal angle 胸骨角rib 肋骨clavicle 锁骨scapula 肩胛骨humerus 肱骨radius 桡骨ulna 尺骨hip bone 髋骨ilium 髂骨pubis 耻骨ischium 坐骨femur 股骨patella 髌骨tibia 胫骨fibula 腓骨pterion 翼点optic canal 视神经管paranasal sinuses 鼻旁窦superior orbital fissure 眶上裂jugular foramen 颈静脉孔synovial joints 滑膜关节articulation capsule 关节囊shoulder joint 肩关节elbow joint 肘关节wrist joint 腕关节hip joint 髋关节knee joint 膝关节ankle joint 踝关节pelvis 骨盆greater sciatic notch 坐骨大切迹vertebral column 脊柱intervertebral disc 椎间盘pubic symphysis 耻骨联合greater sciatic foramen 坐骨大孔lesser sciatic foramen 坐骨小孔 cruciate ligament 十字韧带fibular collateral ligament 腓侧副韧带 tibial collateral ligament 胫侧副韧带 medial meniscus 内侧半月板 lateral meniscus 外侧半月板 sternocleidomastoid 胸锁乳突肌 scalenus 斜角肌 trapezius 斜方肌 latissimus dorsi 背阔肌 erector spinae 竖脊肌 pectoralis major 胸大肌external intercostal muscle 肋间外侧肌 internal intercostal muscle ，肋间内侧肌 diaphragm 横膈膜vena caval foramen 腔静脉孔 oesophageal hiatus 食管裂孔 aortic hiatus 主动脉裂孔external oblique muscle of abdomen internal oblique muscle of abdomen transverse muscle of abdomen abdominal rectus musclesheath of abdominal rectus 腹直肌鞘 inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带 superficial inguinal ring 腹股沟浅环 deltoid 三角肌 biceps brachii 肱二头肌 triceps brachii 肱三头肌 brachioradiallis 肱桡肌 pronator teres 旋前圆肌flexor digtorumsuperficialis 指浅屈肌 flexor digtorumprofundus iliopsoas muscle 髂腰肌 gluteus maximus muscle 臀大肌 piriformismuscle 梨状肌 sartorius muscle 缝匠肌quadriceps femorismuscle 股四头肌 biceps femorismuscle 股二头肌 gastrocnemius muscle 腓肠肌 soleus muscle 比目鱼肌腹外斜肌腹内斜肌腹横肌腹直肌2、运动系统（组织学部分）connective tissue proper 固有结缔组织loose connective tissue（LCT）疏松结缔组织collagenous fiber 胶原纤维elastic fiber 弹性纤维reticular fiber 网状纤维fibroblast 成纤维细胞fibrocyte 纤维细胞macrophage 巨噬细胞plasma cell 浆细胞mast cell 肥大细跑fat cell 脂肪细胞dense connective tissue（DCT）致密结缔组织adipose tissue 脂肪组织reticular tissue 网状组织ground substance 基质mesenchyme 间充质tissue fluid 组织液chondrocyte 软骨细胞hyaline cartilage 透明软骨elastic cartilage 弹性软骨fibrocartilage 纤维软骨osseous tissue 骨组织bone matrix 骨基质bone lamella 骨板osteocyte 骨细胞osteon 骨单位osteoblast 成骨细胞osteoclast 破骨细胞compact bone 骨密质spongy bone 骨松质bone collar 骨领ossification 骨化skeletal muscle 骨骼肌cardiac muscle 心肌smooth muscle 平滑肌myofibril 肌原纤维intercalated disk 闰盘sarcomere 肌节thick/thin myofilament 粗/细肌丝3、运动系统（生理学部分）motor unit: a single motor neuron + the set of muscle fibers innervated by it.striated muscle: Both cardiac and skeletal muscle are striated muscle. They are made up of large, rigid arrays of sarcomeres.Excitation-Contraction Coupling: Contractile response in skeletal muscle is triggered by an action potential, theAP is conducted down the T-tubules. They allow action potentials to penetrate deep into skeletal muscle cells. This allows an extracellular event to be signaled simultaneously throughout a large cell.a contraction/ a shortening contraction/a concentric contraction: A muscle is activated and it shortens.运动单位：单个运动神经元+由它支配的一组肌纤维。

电脑与信息技术英语翻译常用专业词汇

电脑与信息技术英语翻译常用专业词汇AAAIMS（An Analytical Information Management System）分析信息管理系统Abacus 算盘Access security 存取安全Access time 存取时间Active 有源的Ada programming language Ada 程序设计语言Adapter 适配器Adapter card 转接卡Add-on 外接式附件Address 地址ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) 非对称数字客户线路After-image record 残留影像记录Algorithm 算法Alpha testing ɑ测试3Alteration switch 变换开关ALU(Arithmetic/Logic Unit)运算器Amplitude 幅度Analog data 模拟数据Analog cellular 模拟移动电话Analog signal 模拟信号Analysis block 分析块Animation 动画制作ANSL(American National Standards Label)美国国家标准标号Answerback memory 应答存储器Anti-noise coding 反噪声编码Antivirus software 反病毒软件APL(A Programming Language) APL 语言Application development cycle 应用开发周期Application program 应用程序4Application software 应用软件Arithmetic operation 算术运算ARP(Automatic Receive Program)自动同意程序Artificial network 仿真网络ASCII(American standard Code for Information Interchange)美国信息交换用标准代码Assembler 汇编程序Assembly language 汇编语言Asynchronous 异步的Asynchronous transmission 异步传输ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode) 异步传输模式ATM(Automated Teller Machine)自动出纳机Attribute 属性Auctions on the web 网上拍卖Audio board 声板5Audio file 声音文件Audio input device 声音输入装置Audio-player 播放Audit program 审查程序Auditing system 审查系统Authoring system 写作系统6BBackbone system 主干系统Backup file 备份文件Backward compatibility 反向兼容性Backward recovery 向后恢复Band printer 带式打印机Bandwidth 带宽Bandwidth limitation 带宽限制Bar code 条形码Bar-code reader 条形码读出器Basic exchange format 基本交换格式BASIC programming language BASIC 程序设计语言Batch processing 批处理Beeper 传呼机7Be ta testing β测试Binary digit 二进制数字Binary file 二进制文件Binary number system 二进制数字系统Binary system 二进制BIOS(Basic Input/Output System)基本输入/输出系统Bit 量，位Bit(binary digit)位，二进制位，比特Bit-mapped display screen 位映像显示器Block check 块检验Blocking software 封锁软件Bookmark 书签Bootleg version 盗版BPS(Business Professional System) 商业专用系统Bridge 网桥8Broadcast image 广播图象Browser 浏览程序Building blocks 组件Built-in function 内部功能Bus 总线Bus network 总线网络Bus slot 总线槽Business terminal equipment 商务终端设备Button 按扭Byte 字节，位组9CC programming language C 程序设计语言C++ programming language C++程序设计语言Cable length 电缆长度Cable modem 电缆调制解调器Cache memory 超高速缓冲存储器CAD(Computer-Aided Design) 计算机辅助设计CADD(Compute-Aided Design and Drafting) 计算机辅助设计与制图Call-back system 回叫系统CAM(Computer-Aided Manufacturing) 计算机辅助生产Capacity 容量Carrier wave 载波Cartridge tape 盒式磁带CASE(Computer-Aided Software Engineering) 计算机辅助软件工程10CBT(Computer-Based Training) 利用计算机的训练CCD（Charge Coupled Device）电荷藕合器件CD writer 刻录机CDC(Code-Directing Character) 代码引导字符CDP(Certified Data Processor)合格数据处理程序Cell 单元，细胞，信元Cell address 单元地址Cell pointer 单元指示器CEO(Chip Enable Output) 芯片启动输出CERT(Character Error Rate Tester) 字符出错率测试程序Chain printer 链式打印机Channel command 通道命令Character 字符Character-recognition 字符识别Chat room 聊天室11Check bit 校验位，检验位Child record 子记录Chip 芯片，晶片Circuit switching 电路转接，线路交换CIS(Communication Information System) 通信信息（情报）系统Clear entry 消除输入Click 点击Client 客户，委托程序，委托进程，客户机Client-server 客户服务器Clipboard 剪贴板Clouds 云Cluster 簇，束，线束，群集Coaxial tree network 同轴树状网络COBOL programming language COBOL 程序设计语言Coding 编码，编程序12Collision 冲突Color display screen 彩色显示屏Communication 通信Communication parties 传输单元Communications channel 通信信道Communications controller 通信操纵器Communications hardware 通信硬件Communications network 通信网络Communications satellites 通信卫星Communications server 通信服务器Communications service 通信业务Communications software 通信软件Communications technology 通信技术Compatibility 兼容性，一致性，互换性Compiler 编译程序13Component 分量，成分，元件，组件，部件Compression 压缩Computer 计算机Computer-based information system 计算机信息系统Computer crime 计算机犯罪Computer industry 计算机行业Computer literacy 计算机扫盲Computer online service 计算机联机服务Computer professional 计算机专业人员Computer programmer 计算机程序设计员Concentration 集中Concentrator 集中器，集线器Concurrent-use license 并行使用许可证Connection 连接Connectivity 连通性，连接性14Connectivity diagram 连通图表Contact 接触点Control structure 操纵结构Control unit 操纵器，操纵部件Controller card 操纵器插件Coprocessor 协同处理程序，协同处理机Copy command 复制命令Copyright 版权Copyright protection 版权保护Counterfeit software 盗版软件Courseware 课件CPU(Central Processing Unit) 中央处理机Cracker 黑客CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) 阴极射线管CTS(Clear To Send) 清除发送15Cursor 光标Cursor-movement key 光标移动键Custom software 客户软件Cut command 剪切命令Cyberculture 计算机文化，操纵论优化Cybernation 计算机操纵化16DDaisy chain 菊链DAT(Data Acquisition Test) 数据采集测试Data access method 数据存取法Data acquisition 数据采集Data compression 数据压缩Data dictionary 数据字典Data file 数据文件Data flow diagram 数据流程图Data integrity 数据完整性Data manipulation language 数据操纵语言Data mining 数据开采Data recovery 数据恢复Data redundancy 数据冗余Data storage hierarchy 数据存储层次17Data transmission 数据传输Data transmission factor 数据传输系数Data warehouse 数据仓库Database 数据库Database server 数据库服务器Database software 数据库软件DBA(Data Base Administrator) 数据库管理程序DBMS(Data Base Management System) 数据库管理系统Debugging 调试Decision making system 判定系统，决策系统Decision table 判定表Dedicated computer 专用计算机Default value 缺省值，系统设定值Delete 删除Democratic network 共同操纵网络18Design 设计Desk checking 桌面检验Desktop accessory 桌面附件Desktop publication system 桌面出版系统Developing information system 信息开发系统Dialog box 对话框Dial-up connection 拨号上网Dial-up Internet communication 拨号网间通信Digital 数码的Digital camera 数码照相机Digital cellular phone 数字移动电话Digital signal 数字信号Digital signal processor 数字信号处理器Digital signature 数字签名Digitized speech 数字化语音19DIMS(Data Information and Manufacturing system) 数据信息与制造系统Direct access storage 直接存取存储器，直接访问存储器Direct file organization 直接文件组织Direct implementation 直接实现Direct synchronous multiplexing 直接同步复用Directory 目录，号码表Disk 磁盘Disk drive 磁盘驱动器Diskette 软磁盘，软盘Display 显示Display screen 显示屏幕Disrupt 使混乱，破坏，分裂，瓦解Distance learning 远程学习Distributed database 分布式数据库Disturbance 干扰20DM(Data Memory) 数据存储器DNS(Domain Naming System) 域命名系统Document 文件，资料，文献，文卷Document file 资料文件Documentation 文件编制，资料，文档DOS(Disk Operating System) 磁盘操作系统Dot 点Dot-matrix printer 点阵打印机Download 下载Downsizing 规模缩小化Downward compatibility 向下兼容性Draft-quality 粗劣的印刷质量，草稿字体印刷质量DRAM(Dynamic Random Access Memory) 动态随机存取存储器Drawing program 绘图程序Driver 驱动器21Drum printer 鼓式打印机Drum scanner 鼓形扫描器DSS(Decision Support System) 决策支援系统DTP(Data Transmission Protocol) 数据传送协议Dumb terminal 哑终端，简易终端DVP(Data Validation Program) 数据验证程序Dynamic linking 动态链接22EEBCDIC(Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange) 扩充的二-十进制交换码E-cash 电子货币E-commerce 电子商务EDI(Electronic Data Interchange) 电子数据交换EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Read Only Memory) 电可擦只读存储器EIC(External Interface Control) 外部借口操纵EIS(External Interrupt Support) 外部中断支援Electroluminescent display 电致发光显示屏Electromagnetic spectrum 电磁光谱Electronic conference 电子会议Electronic image 电子图象Electronic network 电子网络23Electronic secretary 电子秘书Electronic ticketing machine 电子售票机Electronic tutor 电子教学装置Electrostatic plotter 静电绘图机Elementary field 基本字段ELF(Extensible Language Facility) 可扩充的语言功能E-mail 电子邮件Embedded computer 嵌入式计算机Emulation 仿真，仿效Encapsulation 封闭，封装，密封Encryption 加密，编密码End-to-end delay 端到端的时延End-to-end digital connectivity 端到端的数字连接End-user 终端用户ENIAC(Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator) 电子数字积分24器与计算器Enter key 输入键EPL(Encoder Programming Language) 编码器程序设计语言EPROM(Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) 可擦可编程只读存储器EPSS(Error Processing Sub-system) 错误处理子系统Ergonomics 人类工程学Error correction 纠错法ESS(Electronic Switching System) 电子交换系统Evaluation system 评价系统Even parity 偶数奇偶校验Exchange service 交换业务Executable 可执行文件Execution cycle 执行周期Execution program 执行程序Expansion bus 扩展总线25Expansion card 扩充插件卡Expansion slot 扩展槽Expert system 专家系统External hard disk drive 外部硬盘驱动器External modem 外部调制解调器26FFAT(File Allocation Table) 文件分配表Fault freedom 容错性能Fault tolerant system 容错系统Fax 传真Fax machine 传真机FCB(File Control Block) 文件操纵块Feasibility study 可行性研究，可能性研究FEC(Forward Error Correction) 向前纠错Fiber-optic cable 光缆Field 字段，场，域Field protect 字段保护Fifth-generation programming language 第五代程序设计语言File 文件27File extension 文件扩充File management system 文件管理系统File name 文件名File server 文件服务程序File virus 文件病毒Filter 过滤，滤波Financial planning system 财务规划系统Find command 查找命令Finder 寻找程序，定位程序，录像器Fingerprint security system 指纹安全系统Firewall 防火墙Firmware 固件Fixed disk drive 固定磁盘驱动器Flatbed plotter 平板绘图仪Flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪28Flat-panel display 平面显示器Flat-panel technique 平面技术Flexible telecommunication networking 灵活的通信联网Floppy disk 软磁盘FLOPS(Floating-point Operations Per Second) 每秒浮点运算次数Flowchart 流程图Font 字型，字体Format selection 格式选择Formatting 格式化，格式编排Formula 公式FORTH programming language FORTH 程序设计语言Forward recovery 正向恢复Fourth-generation programming language 第四代程序设计语言Fragmenting 分割29Frame grabber 帧同意器，帧捕获器Free ware 免费软件Frequency 频率Front-end processor 前端处理机FTP(File Transfer Protocol)文件传送协议Full-duplex 全双工Function 功能，函数，作用Function key 功能键Fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑30GGame port 博弈端口Garbage 无用信息Gateway 关口，网间连接GDS(Group Display System) 群显示系统Genealogy 家谱学，系统GES(General Edit System) 通用逻辑系统GIS(Geographic Information System) 几何图形信息系统Global communication 全球通信GPS(Global Positioning System) 全球定位系统Grammar checker 语法检验程序Graphics 图形学，制图技术Graphics accelerator 图形加速器Graphics coprocessor 图形协同处理程序31Grid 网格，坐标网络Gross index 粗索引Groupware 群件GUI(Graphical User Interface) 图形用户接口32HHacker 黑客Half-duplex transmission 半双工传输Handheld scanner 手持式扫描仪Handshaking 信号交换，接续Hard disk 硬磁盘Hard return 硬回车Hard-copy terminal 硬拷贝终端Hardware 硬件Hardware compatibility 硬件兼容性HDTV(High Definition Television) 高分辨率电视Help menu 求助菜单，求助项目单Head-mounted display 头盔式显示器Hidden computer 隐式计算机33Hierarchical database 分级数据库Hierarchy 分级，分层，层次Hierarchy chart 分级图表High resolution 高分辨率High-level programming language 高级程序设计语言Hold 握住Home directory 主目录Home network 本地网络Home record 引导记录，起始记录Host 主机Host adaptation 主机习惯性Host computer 主计算机Host operating system 主操作系统Host-to-host 主机到主机HTML(Hyper text Markup Language) 超文本标记语言34Hybrid network 混合式网络Hyperlink 超级链接Hypertext 超文本35IIcon 图符Identification system 识别系统Image file 映像文件Imaging system 成像系统IML(Initial Micro-code Load) 初始微码装入Impact 影响，冲击Impact printer 击打式打印机Importing file 输入文件Incremental backup 增量备份法Indexed file organization 索引文件组织Inference engine 推理机Information 信息，情报Information capacity 信息容量36Information function 信息函数Information management 信息管理Information overload 信息超载Information system 信息系统Information technology 信息技术Information transmission system 信息传输系统Information unit 信息单位Information utility 有用程序，信息应用程序，信息公用设施Inheritance 继承Initialize 初始化Ink-jet plotter 喷墨绘图仪Ink-jet printer 喷墨印刷机Input control 输入操纵器Input device 输入设备Input hard ware 输入硬件37Inquiry and communication system 查询与通信系统Insert 插入Insertion point 插入点Install 安装，建立Instruction cycle 指令周期Integrated circuit 集成电路Integrated software package 组合软件包Intellectual property 知识产权Intelligent robot 智能机器人Intelligent terminal 智能终端Interactive presentation 交互式演示Inter activity 交互性Interface 接口Intermediate node 中间网点Internal bus 内部总线38Internal hard disk drive 内部硬盘驱动器Internal modem 内部调制解调器International standard interface 国际标准接口Internet 互联网，信息网络实体Interpreter 解释程序，翻译机，转换机ISAM(Indexed Sequential Access Method) 索引顺序存取法ISDN(Integrated Services Digital Network) 综合服务数字网络Isolation 隔离，绝缘ISP(Internally Stored Program) 内部存储程序ISP(Internet Service Provider) 因特网服务提供商39JJAD(Joint Application Design) 联合应用程序设计Jerk 乱窜Jitter 抖动Job file 作业文件Job management 作业管理程序Junk mail 垃圾邮件Justification range 调整范围40KKey field 关键字字段Key search 关键字查找Keyboard 键盘Keyboard console 键盘操纵台Kilobyte 千字节Knowledge base 知识库Knowledge engineer 知识工程师Knowledge engineering 知识工程Knowledge system 知识系统41LLanguage translator 语言翻译程序Large-scale integrated circuit 大规模集成电路Laser 激光，激光器Laser communication 激光通信系统Laser printer 激光打印机Latency 延迟，执行时间Latent image 潜像Law 法律Layer 分层LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) 液晶显示器LEO(Low Earth Orbit) 近地轨道License 许可证Light pen 光笔Line printer 行式打印机42Line terminal multiplexer 终端复用器Linear 线性的，一次的Link 连接，连线，链接Linkage instruction 连接命令LISP programming language LISP 程序设计语言Live conversation 实际的对话Load 装入，加载Load server 加载服务器Local-area network 局域网Logic bomb 逻辑炸弹（病毒）Logic error 逻辑错误Logical operation 逻辑操作LOGO programming language LOGO 程序设计语言Look through 搜寻43Loop 循环，回路，环路Loss less 无损耗Lossy 有损耗的，有缺失的44MMAC(Memory access Controller) 存储器存取操纵器Machine cycle 机器周期Machine language 机器语言Macintosh （苹果公司生产的一种型号的）计算机Macro 宏，宏指令，宏定Macro virus 宏病毒Magnetic tape 磁带Magneto optical disk 磁光盘Mail server 邮件服务器Mailing list 邮件列表Main memory 主存储器Mainframe computer 主计算机Maintenance 保护，维修MAN(Maintenance Alert Network) 保护警报网45Manager 管理程序，管理人员Manipulate 操纵，操纵Manipulation 操纵，操纵，处理，操作Manual function 手动功能，人工功能Manufacturing support system 制造支持系统Marker 标记符Marketing model 市场销售模型Mark-recognition device 标记识别装置Master file 主文件Mathematic characterization of continuous image 连续图象的数学表征MDA(Multi-Dimensional Analysis) 多维分析MDT(Modified Data Tag) 修改过的数据标志Meeting software 会议软件Mega 兆Memory cycle 存储周期46Mega byte 兆字节Megahertz 兆赫Member record 成员记录Memory 经历存储，存储器Memory expansion card 存储器扩充卡Memory module 存储模块Menu bar 菜单条Menu-driven program generator 菜单驱动程序生成程序MED(Micro-Electronic Device) 微电子器件Meta-data 元数据MICR(Magnetic Ink Character Recognition) 磁性墨水字符识别Microcomputer 微型计算机Micro controller 微操纵器Microprocessor 微处理器Microwave 微波47Middleware communication model 媒件通信模型MIDI(Music Instrument Digital Interface) 乐器数字接口Miniaturization 小型化MIPS(Million Instructions Per Second) 每秒百万条指令Mirror 镜像MIS(Management Information System) 信息管理系统MMX technology MMX 技术Model 模型，机样，型号Modem 调制解调器Module design 模块设计Monitor 监视器，监督Monitor mode 监控方式Monochrome display 单色显示Mouse 鼠标Mouse pointer 鼠标指示器48Moving pictures 活动图象MPP(Massively Parallel Processor) 巨型并行处理器Multifunction device 多功能装置Multimedia 多媒体Multimedia environment 多媒体环境Multipartite virus 复合性病毒Multiplexer 多路转接器Multiplexing 多路转换Multipoint line 多点线路Multi-port 多端口Multiprocessing 多重处理Multiprogramming 多道程序设计（操纵）Multitasking 多任务Multi-user platform 多用户平台49NNarrow band services 窄带业务Nationwide network 全国范围的网络Natural language 自然语言Natural language processing 自然语言处理NC language processor NC 语言处理器Necessary bandwidth 必要带宽Net ware 网件Network 网络Network adapter 网络适配器Network computer 网络计算机Network database 网络数据库Network facilities resources 网络设备资源Network harms 网络损害50Network information resources 网络信息资源Network interface card (NIC) 网络接口卡Network piracy 网络盗版Network server 网络服务程序，网络服务器Networked hypertext protocol 网络超文本协议Neural network 神经网络Node 节点，网点Non-interacting control system 非交互式操纵系统Non-procedural language 非过程语言Non-volatile chain 非易失链NOS(Network Operating System) 网络操作系统Null set 空集Numeric key 数字键51OOAS(Office Automation System) 办公自动化系统Object 目标，对象，结果，物体Object code 目标代码OCR(Optical Character Recognition) 光符识别Odd parity 奇数奇偶校Off-line equipment 脱机设备Off-line storage 脱机存储器Off-the-shelf software 现成的软件OLE(Object Linking and Embedding) 对象的链接与嵌入OMR(Optical Mark Recognition) 光标记识别Onboard 板载的One-level code 一级代码One-to-many 一对多的52Online processing 联机处理Online storage 联机存储器OODBS(Object Oriented Data Base System) 面向目标的数据库系统OOO(Out Of Order) 发生故障，次序混乱Open network 开放式网络Operating environment 操作环境，运行环境Operating system 操作系统Operation control 操作操纵Operator 运算符，操作员Optical card 光卡Optical disk 光盘Optical Ethernet 光以太网Optimization 优化Optoelectronic receiver 光电子接收机Organization 机构，组织，结构，体系53Organization chart 组织图，结构图OS/360(Operating System/360) 360 型操作系统OSI(Open System Interconnection) 开放系统互连Output 输出Owner record 主记录，自由记录54PPackage 分组Packaged software 封装式软件包Packet 包，数据包，分组报文Packet switching 包交换Pager 页面调度程序Painting 涂色Parallel data transmission 并行数据传输Parallel implementation 并行执行Parallel port 并行端口Parallel processing 并行处理Parent record 母记录Parity bit 奇偶校验位Parity scheme 奇偶校验方案55PASCAL programming language PASCAL 程序设计语言Passive 无源的Passive network 无源网络Password 口令Path 路径PBX(Private Branch Exchange) 专用交换分机，用户交换机PC(Personal Computer) 个人计算机PC application software 个人计算机应用软件PC host operating system 个人计算机主机操作系统PCI（peripheral Component Interconnect）外围部件互连PCMCIA(Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) 个人电脑内存储卡国际协会PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) 个人数字助理PDL(Picture Description Language) 画面描述语言Peak 峰值56Peer-to-peer 层间，层到层PEM(Processing Element Memory) 处理单元存储器Perception system 感知系统Peripheral device 外围设备Personal finance software 个人财务软件Personal identification code 个人识别代码PERT chart editing PERT 图编辑PGP(Programmable Graphics Processor) 可编辑图形处理机Phonetic keyboard 语音键盘Photo-digital store 光数字存储器Photolithographic mask layer 光刻掩蔽层Physical storage 物理存储器PIM(Processor Interface Module) 处理程序接口模块PIN(Personal Identification Number) 个人识别号码Pixel store 像素存储器57PL/1 programming language PL/1 程序设计语言Platform position computer 平台位置计算机Plotter 绘图仪Plug and play system 即插即用系统Plug-in card 插件Pointing device 指示装置Point-of-sale terminal 销售点终端Point-to-point line 点对点线路，专用线Polymorphism 多形性，多机组合形势Pop-up menu 弹出选项单Port 端口，进出口Portable operating system 可移植操作系统Portable terminal 便携式终端POST(Power-on Self Test) 通电自检Power supply 电源，供电58PPP(Parallel Pattern Processor) 并行模式处理程序Precision 精确度Preliminary design 初步设计Presentation layer 表示层Presentation graphic 表示图形Presentation software 显示软件Preventive maintenance 预防性保护Previewing 预检，预览Primary storage 主存储器Print server 打印服务程序Printer 打印机Printing document 打印文档Privacy 保密性Procedural error 过程错误Procedural language 过程型语言59Procedure 过程，程序，步骤Process 处理，进程Process model 过程模型Processing 处理，加工Processing hardware 处理硬件Processor 处理程序，处理机Production language compiler 产生式语言编译程序Productivity 生产率Productivity tool 生产率工具Professional programmer 专业程序设计员Program 程序，计划，规划，方案Program file 程序文件Program flowchart 程序流程图Program independence 程序独立性Programmer 程序设计人员，编程器60Programming 程序设计，编程Programming language 程序设计语言Programming procedure 程序设计过程Project management software 工程项目管理，计划管理Project management software 工程项目管理软件PROLOG programming language PROLOG 程序设计语言Proprietary software 专有软件Proprietary system 专用系统Protocol 协议Prototype 样机，原型Prototyping 原型开发，样机研究Pseudo-code 伪代码Public communication carriers 公共通信载体Public domain 公用域Pull-down menu 下拉菜单61Pulse code modulation 脉冲码调制62QQBE(Query By Example) 仿效实例询问QIC(Quality Insurance Chain) 质量保证链Query 询问，查询Query facility 询问功能软件Query language 询问语言Query-and-reporting processor 询问与报告处理程序Quiet code 静止代码QWERTY keyboard QWERTY 键盘63RRAD(Rapid Access Device) 快速存取设备RAM(Random Access Memory) 随机存取存储器,内存Random access storage 随机存取存储器Random file organization 随机文件结构Raster graphics 光栅图形Reading 读，读取Real-time processing 实时处理Reasoning 推理，推论，推导Recalculation 重算Receiving entity 接收实体Receiving system 接收系统Record 记录Reference mark 参考标记64Reference model 参考模型Reference software 参考软件Refresh rate 更新率，刷新率Refreshable program 可刷新程序Regenerate 再生Register 寄存器Relational database 关系数据库Relational model 关系模型Release 释放Reliable 可靠的Reliability 可靠性Remote-control 遥控Remote device 远程设备Remote terminal 远程终端Removable hard disk 可移动硬盘65Repeater 中继器Repeater spacing 中继距离Replace command 替换命令Report generator 报告生成程序Resistor 电阻器Resolution 分辨率Retrieval performance 检索性能Return key 返回键RFI(Read Frequency Input) 读频率输入RGB monitor 红、绿、蓝显示器RIB(Resource Information Block) 资源信息块Ring network 环形网络RISC microprocessor RISC 微处理机Robot 机器人，自动仪Robotics 机器人学，机器人技术66Rollback 重新运行，重算ROM BIOS (Read-Only Basic Input/Output System) 只读存储器基本输入/输出系统Root record 根记录Router 发送程序，路由确定程序，路由器Row 行RPG(Report Program Generator) 报表程序生成程序RPS(Random Pattern Search) 随机模式搜索RS(Record Separator) 记录分隔符Run 运行Rupture 裂断，破裂67SSampling rate 取样率SAR(Source Address Register) 源地址寄存器Satellite 卫星，人造地球卫星Save 存储，储存Save area 储存区Scan 扫描Scanning device 扫描设备，扫描装置Scheduling software 调度软件Screen 屏幕Scrolling 卷动，滚动Scrubbing 除掉，刷去SCSI(Small Computer System Interface) 小型计算机系统接口SDL(System Development Language) 系统开发语言68Search 检索，查找Search command 查找命令Search engine 查找机Searching tool 搜寻工具Second-generation programming language 第二代程序设计语言Secondary application 辅助应用程序Secondary storage 辅助存储器，二级存储器Secondary storage sub system 辅助存储子系统Section overhead 段开销Sector 扇区，分段Security 安全性，保密性，安全措施Security system 安全系统Seek time 查找时间，定位时间Selection control 选择操纵Semiconductor 半导体69Semiconductor memory 半导体存储器Semi-structured information 半结构化问题Sender 发送器Sensor 传感器Sequence control 顺序操纵Sequential file organization 顺序文件组织Sequential storage 顺序存储器Serial 串行的Serial data transmission 串行数据传输Serial port 串行端口Serial processing 串行处理Server 服务器Service-independent network 与业务无关的网络Session layer 会话层Shared database 共享数据库70Sharing resource 共享资源SHELL software system SHELL 软件系统Shrink-wrapped multiprocessing operating system 精缩围绕多处理操作系统Silicon 硅SIMM(Single in-line Memory Module) 单列直插式存储模块Simplex transmission 单项传输Simulation programming language 模拟程序设计语言Simulator 模拟程序，模拟器Single user 用户Smalltalk programming language Smalltalk 程序设计语言Smart card 智能卡，收费卡Softcopy 软拷贝Software 软件，软设备Software engineer 软件工程师Software engineering 软件工程71Software license 软件许可证Software package 软件包，程序包Software piracy 软件非法翻印，软件侵犯版权Software suite 软件套件Software tool 软件工具Solid error 固定错误Sorting database 分类数据库Sound 声音Sound card 声卡Sound output 声音输出Source code 源代码Source date entry 源数据录入Source program file 源程序文件SPA(Signal Processing Auxiliary) 信号处理辅助设备Speech recognition system 语音识别系统72Speech synthesis 语音合成Speed 速度Speed up 加速Spelling checker 拼法检验程序Split 分发，分散Spreadsheet 电子数据表SQL(Structured Query Language) 结构化查询语言Squeeze 压缩Standardized port 标准化的端口Star network 星形网络STM(Short Term Memory) 短期存储器Storage 存储，存储器Storage hardware 存储硬件Strategic decision 战略性决策Streaming audio 流式音频73Streaming video 流式视频Stress 应力Structure chart 结构图Structured information 结构化信息Structured programming 结构化程序设计Structured walkthrough 结构化普查Subprogram 辅程序，子程序Supercomputer 巨型计算机Superconductor 超导体Supervisor 管理程序，主管人SVDF(Segmented Virtual Display File) 分段虚拟显示文件Swapping 交互，调动Switch 打开，开关，交换机Switching technique 交换技术Synchronous DXC 同步数字交叉连接74Synchronous transmission 同步传输Synchronous transmission system 同步传输系统Syntax 语法，句法Syntax error 语法错误System 系统，体制，装置System analysis 系统分析System analyst 系统分析员System clock 系统时钟System design 系统设计System development 系统开发System engineer 系统工程师System flowchart 系统流程图System implementation 系统实现方法System maintenance 系统保护System recovery 系统恢复75System software 系统软件System testing 系统测试System unit 系统单元76TTabulating machine 制机表Target variable 目标变量Task management 任务管理程序TCT(Terminal Control Table) 终端操纵表Telecommunication 远程通信，电信Teleconference 电信会议Telemedicine 电视医疗Telephone network 电话网Telephony 电话学Telex network 用户电报网Tel net 电信网，远程通信网络Terminal 终端Terminal address 终端地址77Terminal emulation 终端仿真Test 测试，检验Test equipment 测试设备Text 正文，文本Text segment 正文段Textual messages 文本信息Thesaurus 主题词表，同义词汇Third-generation programming language 第三腮程序设计语言Through-mode fashion 贯穿方式Time slicing 时间分片Time-sharing 分时，时间分配Tong-haul telecommunication system 长途通信系统Top-down program design 自顶向下程序设计Top management 主管，主控Touch screen 触屏78TPI(Target Position Indicator) 目标位置指示器TPS(Transaction Processing System) 事务处理系统TPT(Time Priority Table) 时间优先表Track 磁道，轨道，声道Trackball 跟踪球Traffic segregation 流量隔离Transaction 事项，事务处理，交易Transaction file 细目文件，事项文件Transient error 瞬时错误Transmission 传输，发送，传送Transmission unit 传输单元Translate 转换Tributary signals 支路信号Trojan horse 特洛伊木马True color 真彩色79Tuple 元组，字节组Turing test 图灵测试Twisted-pair wire 绞合线Typeface 字样80UUndo command 作废命令Unexpected halt 意外停机Unicode 单一代码UNIVAC(Universal Automatic Computer) 通用自动计算机Universal access 统一的接入Universal product code 通用产品代码Universally 普遍地，通用地UNIX operating system UNIX 操作系统Unprotected field 非保护字段Unstructured file 非结构文件Unstructured information 非结构信息UPS(Uninterruptible Power Supply) 不间断供电电源Upward compatibility 向上兼容性81URL(User Requirements Language) 用户要求语言USE(User System Evaluator) 用户系统评价程序User 用户，使用者User interface 用户接口Utility control console 有用操纵台Utility program 有用程序Utility unit 有用设备82VValue 值，算式Variable format 可变格式Varying bandwidth 可变宽带Vector graphics 向量图Version 文本，版本Very-high-level programming language 超高级程序设计语言Video compression 视频压缩Video computer system 可视计算机系统Video conference 视频会议Video file 可见文件Video memory 视频存储器Video scan 视频扫描Virtual classroom 虚拟教室83Virtual container 虚容器Virtual memory 虚拟机存储器Virtual office 虚拟办公室Virus 病毒Visual 图象的Visual programming 直观程序设计VLSI(Very-large-scale Integration) 超大规模集成电路Voice encoding techniques 语音编码技术Voice mail 声音邮件Voice output device 声音输出装置Voice recognition system 声音识别系统Volatile file 易变文件Volatile memory 易失性存储器VR(Virtual Reality) 虚拟现实VRAM(Video Random Access Memory) 视频随机存取存储器84VRM(Virtual Resource Manager) 虚拟资源管理程序VSAM(Virtual Sequential Access Method) 虚拟顺序存取法85WWait state 等待状态WAN(Wide Area Network) 广域网络Web browser 网页浏览器Web business 网上商务Web site 网站Wideband subscriber loop system 宽带用户环路系统Window mode 窗口方式Windows operating system Windows 操作系统Wired communication 有线通信Wireless communication 无线通信。

Windows操作系统翻译词汇

baud rate /波特率
BDC, backup domain controller /备份域控制器
Berkeley Internet Name Domain, BIND / Berkeley Internet 名称域
BGP, Border Gateway Protocol /边界网关协议
backbone router /主干路由器
background program / 后台程序
backup domain controller, BDC / 备份域控制器
backup media pool / 备份媒体池
backup operator /备份操作员
backup set /备份集
active / 活动
active content / 活动内容
Active Directory
Active Directory data model / Active Directory数据模型
Active Directory Service Interfaces / Active Directory 服务接口
Windows操作系统翻译词汇(一)
A (address) resource record / A（地址）资源记录
AAL, ATM adaptation layer / ATM 适配层
ABR, area border router / 区域边界路由器
ABR, available bit rate /可用的传输率
C
CA, certification authority /证书颁发机构
cache /高速缓存
cache file / 缓存文件

2003年考研英语试卷英汉翻译真题解析

2003年考研英语试卷英汉翻译真题解析
2003年英译汉试题
Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segmentssintosChinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity. 61) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.

力学专业英语词汇翻译

力学专业英语词汇翻译牛顿力学Newtonian mechanics经典力学classical mechanics工程力学engineering mechanics固体力学solid mechanics一般力学general mechanics应用力学applied mechanics流体力学fluid mechanics理论力学theoretical mechanics静力学statics运动学kinematics动力学dynamics材料力学materials mechanics结构力学structural mechanics实验力学experimental mechanics计算力学computational mechanics力force作用点point of action作用线line of action力系system of forces力系的简化reduction of force system等效力系equivalent force system刚体rigid body力的可传性transmissibility of force平行四边形定则parallelogram rule力三角形force triangle力多边形force polygon零力系null-force system平衡equilibrium力的平衡equilibrium of forces平衡条件equilibrium condition平衡位置equilibrium position平衡态equilibrium state分析力学analytical mechanics拉格朗日乘子Lagrange multiplier拉格朗日[量] Lagrangian循环积分cyclic integral哈密顿[量] Hamiltonian哈密顿函数Hamiltonian function正则方程canonical equation正则摄动canonical perturbation正则变换canonical transformation正则变量canonical variable哈密顿原理Hamilton principle作用量积分action integral哈密顿--雅可比方程Hamilton-Jacobi equation作用--角度变量action-angle variables泊松括号poisson bracket边界积分法boundary integral method运动稳定性stability of motion轨道稳定性orbital stability渐近稳定性asymptotic stability结构稳定性structural stability倾覆力矩capsizing moment拉力tensile force正应力normal stress切应力shear stress静水压力hydrostatic pressure集中力concentrated force分布力distributed force线性应力应变关系linear relationship between stress and strain 弹性模量modulus of elasticity横向力lateral force transverse force轴向力axial force拉应力tensile stress压应力compressive stress平衡方程equilibrium equation静力学方程equations of static比例极限proportional limit应力应变曲线stress-strain curve拉伸实验tensile test‘屈服应力yield stress极限应力ultimate stress轴shaft梁beam纯剪切pure shear横截面积cross-sectional area挠度曲线deflection curve曲率半径radius of curvature曲率半径的倒数reciprocal of radius of curvature纵轴longitudinal axis悬臂梁cantilever beam简支梁simply supported beam微分方程differential equation惯性矩moment of inertia静矩static moment扭矩torque moment弯矩bending moment弯矩对x的导数derivative of bending moment with respect to x弯矩对x的二阶导数the second derivative of bending moment with respect to x 静定梁statically determinate beam静不定梁statically indeterminate beam相容方程compatibility equation补充方程complementary equation中性轴neutral axis圆截面circular cross section两端作用扭矩twisted by couples at two ends刚体rigid body扭转角twist angle静力等效statically equivalent相互垂直平面mutually perpendicular planes通过截面形心through the centroid of the cross section一端铰支pin support at one end一端固定fixed at one end弯矩图bending moment diagram剪力图shear force diagram剪力突变abrupt change in shear force、旋转和平移rotation and translation虎克定律hook’s law边界条件boundary condition初始位置initial position、力矩面积法moment-area method绕纵轴转动rotate about a longitudinal axis横坐标abscissa扭转刚度torsional rigidity拉伸刚度tensile rigidity剪应力的合力resultant of shear stress正应力的大小magnitude of normal stress脆性破坏brittle fail对称平面symmetry plane刚体的平衡equilibrium of rigid body约束力constraint force重力gravitational force实际作用力actual force三维力系three-dimentional force system合力矩resultant moment标量方程scalar equation、矢量方程vector equation张量方程tensor equation汇交力系cocurrent system of forces任意一点an arbitrary point合矢量resultant vector反作用力reaction force反作用力偶reaction couple转动约束restriction against rotation平动约束restriction against translation运动的趋势tendency of motion绕给定轴转动rotate about a specific axis沿一个方向运动move in a direction控制方程control equation共线力collinear forces平面力系planar force system一束光 a beam of light未知反力unknown reaction forces参考框架frame of reference大小和方向magnitude and direction几何约束geometric restriction刚性连接rigidly connected运动学关系kinematical relations运动的合成superposition of movement固定点fixed point平动的叠加superposition of translation刚体的角速度angular speed of a rigid body质点动力学particle dynamics运动微分方程differential equation of motion 工程实际问题practical engineering problems变化率rate of change动量守恒conservation of linear momentum 定性的描述qualitative description点线dotted line划线dashed line实线solid line矢量积vector product点积dot product极惯性矩polar moment of inertia角速度angular velocity角加速度angular accelerationinfinitesimal amount 无穷小量definite integral 定积分a certain interval of time 某一时间段kinetic energy 动能conservative force 保守力damping force 阻尼力coefficient of damping 阻尼系数free vibration 自由振动periodic disturbance 周期性扰动viscous force 粘性力forced vibration 强迫震动general solution 通解particular solution 特解transient solution 瞬态解steady state solution 稳态解second order partial differential equation 二阶偏微分方程external force 外力internal force 内力stress component 应力分量state of stress 应力状态coordinate axes 坐标系conditions of equilibrium 平衡条件body force 体力continuum mechanics 连续介质力学displacement component 位移分量additional restrictions 附加约束compatibility conditions 相容条件mathematical formulations 数学公式isotropic material 各向同性材料sufficient small 充分小state of strain 应变状态unit matrix 单位矩阵dilatation strain 膨胀应变the first strain invariant 第一应变不变量deviator stress components 应力偏量分量the first invariant of stress tensor 应力张量的第一不变量bulk modulus 体积模量constitutive relations 本构关系linear elastic material 线弹性材料mathematical derivation 数学推导a state of static equilibrium 静力平衡状态Newton‘s first law of motion 牛顿第一运动定律directly proportional to 与……成正比stress concentration factor 应力集中系数state of loading 载荷状态st venant’ principle 圣维南原理uniaxial tension 单轴拉伸cylindrical coordinates 柱坐标buckling of columns 柱的屈曲critical value 临界值stable equilibrium 稳态平衡unstable equilibrium condition 不稳定平衡条件critical load 临界载荷a slender column 细长杆fixed at the lower end 下端固定free at the upper end 上端自由critical buckling load 临界屈曲载荷potential energy 势能fixed at both ends 两端固定hinged at both ends 两端铰支tubular member 管型杆件transverse dimention 横向尺寸stability of column 柱的稳定axial force 轴向力elliptical hole 椭圆孔plane stress 平面应力nominal stress 名义应为principal stress directions 主应力方向axial compression 轴向压缩dynamic loading 动载荷dynamic problem 动力学问题inertia force 惯性力resonance vibration 谐振static states of stress 静态应力dynamic response 动力响应time of contact 接触时间length of wave 波长resonance frequency 谐振频率自由振动free vibration固有振动natural vibration暂态transient state环境振动ambient vibration反共振anti-resonance衰减attenuation库仑阻尼Coulomb damping参量[激励]振动parametric vibration模糊振动fuzzy vibration临界转速critical speed of rotation阻尼器damper半峰宽度half-peak width相平面法phase plane method相轨迹phase trajectory解谐detuning耗散函数dissipative function硬激励hard excitation硬弹簧hard spring, hardening spring谐波平衡法harmonic balance method久期项secular term自激振动self-excited vibration软弹簧soft spring ,softening spring软激励soft excitation模态分析modal analysis固有模态natural mode of vibration同步synchronization频谱frequency spectrum基频fundamental frequency缓冲器buffer风激振动aeolian vibration嗡鸣buzz倒谱cepstrum颤动chatter蛇行hunting阻抗匹配impedance matching机械导纳mechanical admittance机械效率mechanical efficiency机械阻抗mechanical impedance随机振动stochastic vibration, random vibration 隔振vibration isolation减振vibration reduction方位角azimuthal angle多体系统multibody system静平衡static balancing动平衡dynamic balancing静不平衡static unbalance动不平衡dynamic unbalance现场平衡field balancing不平衡unbalance不平衡量unbalance质量守恒conservation of mass动量守恒conservation of momentum能量守恒conservation of energy动量方程momentum equation能量方程energy equation结构分析structural analysis结构动力学structural dynamics拱Arch三铰拱three-hinged arch抛物线拱parabolic arch圆拱circular arch穹顶Dome空间结构space structure空间桁架space truss雪载[荷] snow load风载[荷] wind load土压力earth pressure地震载荷earthquake loading弹簧支座spring support支座位移support displacement支座沉降support settlement超静定次数degree of indeterminacy机动分析kinematic analysis结点法method of joints截面法method of sections结点力joint forces共轭位移conjugate displacement影响线influence line三弯矩方程three-moment equation单位虚力unit virtual force刚度系数stiffness coefficient柔度系数flexibility coefficient力矩分配moment distribution力矩分配法moment distribution method力矩再分配moment redistribution分配系数distribution factor矩阵位移法matri displacement method单元刚度矩阵element stiffness matrix单元应变矩阵element strain matrix总体坐标global coordinates高斯--若尔当消去法Gauss-Jordan elimination Method屈曲模态buckling mode线弹性断裂力学linear elastic fracture mechanics, LEFM 弹塑性断裂力学elastic-plastic fracture mechanics, EPFM 断裂Fracture脆性断裂brittle fracture解理断裂cleavage fracture蠕变断裂creep fracture裂纹Crack裂缝Flaw缺陷Defect割缝Slit微裂纹Microcrack折裂Kink椭圆裂纹elliptical crack深埋裂纹embedded crack损伤力学damage mechanics损伤Damage连续介质损伤力学continuum damage mechanics细观损伤力学microscopic damage mechanics损伤区damage zone 疲劳Fatigue低周疲劳low cycle fatigue应力疲劳stress fatigue随机疲劳random fatigue蠕变疲劳creep fatigue腐蚀疲劳corrosion fatigue疲劳损伤fatigue damage疲劳失效fatigue failure疲劳断裂fatigue fracture疲劳裂纹fatigue crack疲劳寿命fatigue life疲劳破坏fatigue rupture疲劳强度fatigue strength交变载荷alternating load交变应力alternating stress应力幅值stress amplitude应变疲劳strain fatigue应力循环stress cycle应力比stress ratio安全寿命safe life过载效应overloading effect循环硬化cyclic hardening循环软化cyclic softening环境效应environmental effect裂纹片crack gage裂纹扩展crack growth, crack Propagation裂纹萌生crack initiation循环比cycle ratio实验应力分析experimental stress Analysis工作[应变]片active[strain] gage基底材料backing material应力计stress gage零[点]飘移zero shift, zero drift应变测量strain measurement应变计strain gage应变指示器strain indicator应变花strain rosette应变灵敏度strain sensitivity机械式应变仪mechanical strain gage直角应变花rectangular rosette引伸仪Extensometer应变遥测telemetering of strain横向灵敏系数transverse gage factor横向灵敏度transverse sensitivity焊接式应变计weldable strain gage平衡电桥balanced bridge粘贴式应变计bonded strain gage粘贴箔式应变计bonded foiled gage粘贴丝式应变计bonded wire gage桥路平衡bridge balancing电容应变计capacitance strain gage补偿片compensation technique补偿技术compensation technique基准电桥reference bridge电阻应变计resistance strain gage温度自补偿应变计self-temperature compensating gage 半导体应变计semiconductor strain Gage计算结构力学computational structural mechanics加权残量法weighted residual method有限差分法finite difference method有限[单]元法finite element method配点法point collocation里茨法Ritz method广义变分原理generalized variational Principle最小二乘法least square method胡[海昌]一鹫津原理Hu-Washizu principle赫林格-赖斯纳原理Hellinger-Reissner Principle修正变分原理modified variational Principle约束变分原理constrained variational Principle混合法mixed method杂交法hybrid method边界解法boundary solution method有限条法finite strip method半解析法semi-analytical method协调元conforming element非协调元non-conforming element混合元mixed element杂交元hybrid element边界元boundary element强迫边界条件forced boundary condition 自然边界条件natural boundary condition 离散化Discretization离散系统discrete system连续问题continuous problem坐标变换transformation of Coordinates 广义位移generalized displacement广义载荷generalized load广义应变generalized strain广义应力generalized stress界面变量interface variable节点node, nodal point[单]元Element角节点corner node边节点mid-side node内节点internal node无节点变量nodeless variable杆元bar element桁架杆元truss element梁元beam element二维元two-dimensional element一维元one-dimensional element三维元three-dimensional element轴对称元axisymmetric element板元plate element壳元shell element厚板元thick plate element三角形元triangular element四边形元quadrilateral element四面体元tetrahedral element曲线元curved element二次元quadratic element线性元linear element三次元cubic element四次元quartic element等参[数]元isoparametric element单元分析element analysis单元特性element characteristics刚度矩阵stiffness matrix几何矩阵geometric matrix等效节点力equivalent nodal force节点位移nodal displacement节点载荷nodal load位移矢量displacement vector载荷矢量load vector质量矩阵mass matrix集总质量矩阵lumped mass matrix相容质量矩阵consistent mass matrix阻尼矩阵damping matrix瑞利阻尼Rayleigh damping刚度矩阵的组集assembly of stiffness Matrices 载荷矢量的组集consistent mass matrix质量矩阵的组集assembly of mass matrices单元的组集assembly of elements局部坐标系local coordinate system局部坐标local coordinate面积坐标area coordinates体积坐标volume coordinates曲线坐标curvilinear coordinates静凝聚static condensation形状函数shape function试探函数trial function检验函数test function权函数weight function样条函数spline function节点号node number单元号element number带宽band width带状矩阵banded matrix变带状矩阵profile matrix带宽最小化minimization of band width波前法frontal method子空间迭代法subspace iteration method行列式搜索法determinant search method逐步法step-by-step method增量法incremental method初应变initial strain初应力initial stress切线刚度矩阵tangent stiffness matrix割线刚度矩阵secant stiffness matrix模态叠加法mode superposition method 平衡迭代equilibrium iteration子结构Substructure子结构法substructure technique网格生成mesh generation结构分析程序structural analysis program 前处理pre-processing后处理post-processing网格细化mesh refinement应力光顺stress smoothing组合结构composite structure。

电梯专业词汇英文翻译

电梯专业词汇的英语翻译hacksaw 锯子hair line 发纹hair－line finish 发纹处理hairline finished stainless steel 发纹处理不锈钢half wrap 半绕halfway junction box 中间接线盒hall 门厅，候梯厅hall buttons 召唤盒，呼梯按钮hall call 厅门呼梯hall call button 厅门呼梯按钮hall call cancel 厅门呼梯取消hall door 层门，厅门hall fixtures 门厅讯号装置hall landing 门厅停站hall lantern 厅外指示灯hall position indicator 层门指示灯hall station 门厅讯号装置hall stop 门厅呼梯停车hall wait passenger seconds 门厅候梯时间hall waiting time 门厅候梯时间hall way 门厅通道hammer 锤子hand drill 手电钻hand hammer 手锤hand lamp 手提灯hand operated 手动操作hand operated door 手动门hand powered lift 手动提升机hand pump 手压泵hand reset 手动复位hand rope 绳hands－on experence 实地经验handwheel 手动盘车装置，盘车手轮handwinding device 盘车手轮，手动盘hanger 悬吊器，吊门滑轮盒hanger plate 吊门板hanger rail 吊门轨道hanger roller 吊门滚轮hanger sheave 吊门轮hanger track 吊门轨道hanger trough 吊门槽板hard disc 硬盘hard wire 硬电线harden quench 硬淬hard－hat 安全帽hardware （计算机）硬件，（机械）标准件，五金件harm 损伤harmonic distortion 谐波失真harmonics 谐波harness 把，束hatch 围井（船用电梯井道）出口hatchway 井道hatchway enclosure 井道围封hatchway type elevator 井道式电梯hauling hope 曳引绳haunched beam 井道内牛腿，加腋梁hazard 危险HCR（highest call reversal）顶层呼梯反向head jamb 上门套，顶门套head room 顶房，顶部空间head room height 顶层高度head trim 上门套，顶门套header 上门坎，门顶部header case 门顶箱header cover 门顶罩header track 门上坎轨道，门顶部轨道headquarters 总部headroom height 顶层高度heat absorption 热量吸收heat accumulation 热量积聚heat dissipation 热量消耗heat emission 热量散发heat output 热量输出heat transfer 传感器，热传导heat treatment 热处理heater 发热器heating device 取暖器heatsink 散热片heavy demand floor 繁忙楼层heavy demand floor call 繁忙楼层呼梯heavy demand floor control 繁忙楼层控制heavy duty dloor 繁忙楼层heavy duty dloor call 繁忙楼层呼梯heavy duty dloor control 繁忙楼层控制heavy duty traffic 繁忙交通heavy duty zone 繁忙区域heavy traffic 繁忙交通heavy－duty 大载重，交通繁忙height above the hightest level 顶层高度helical 螺旋的helical gear 斜齿轮的，斜齿轮传动的，螺旋齿轮helical gear machine 斜齿轮曳引机helical gear reducer 斜齿轮减速器helical machin 斜齿轮曳引机helical speed reduction gear 斜齿轮减速机helical spring 螺旋弹簧helper 助手，帮工hemp core 麻芯hemp rope 麻绳hemp rope core 大麻绳芯hermetically sealed 气封的Hertz（Hz）赫兹（频率单位，周/秒）hex head bolt（HHB）六角螺栓hex screw 六角螺钉hexagon head 六角头hexagonal screw 六角螺钉high efficiency 高效率的high frequency chopping 高频斩波high gain 高增益high grade 高级的high pressure rubber hose 高压胶皮管high pressure rubber hydraulic hose 高压橡胶液压管high rise building 高层建筑high rise elevator 高层电梯high rise escalator 大高度自动扶梯high rise lift 高层电梯high rise zone 高层区high signal-noise ratio 高信号噪声比high speed escalator 高速自动扶梯high speed steel 高速钢high speed winding 高速绕组high tension 高张力high tension bolt 耐拉螺栓，强力螺栓high tension supply 高电压higher harmonics 高次谐波highest call reversal （HCR）顶层呼梯反向highest reversal floor 最高反向楼层highlighting bar （计算机）强光线条，重点线条high-speed slevator/lift 高速电梯hight 高度hilti bolt 膨胀螺栓hinge 铰链hinge door 铰链门，外敞门hinge plate 铰链板hinged platform sill 轿箱铰接式地坎hitch plate 钢丝绳绳头夹板hitch rod 绳头杆hob 滚刀hobbing 滚铣齿hobbing machine 滚齿机hohder 固定架hoist 起重器hoist machine 提升机，曳引机hoist ropes 曳引绳hoist ropes ratio of lift 电梯曳引绳曳引比hoisting cable 曳引绳hoisting machine 提升机，曳引机hoisting motor 曳引电动机hoisting rope 曳引绳hoistway 井道hoistway access switch 井道通道开关hoistway door 厅门hoistway door catch 门厅挈，厅门捕捉器hoistway door electric contact 井道门触点hoistway door interlock 厅门联锁装置hoistway door lock device 厅门门锁装置hoistway door mechanical lock 厅门机械锁hoistway enclosure 井道围封hoistway equipment 井道设备hoistway rope 起重绳hoistway sill aprope 厅门地坎裙板hoistway sill guard 厅门地坎护板hoistway telltale 井道内信号灯hoistway wall 井道壁，井道墙hoistway wiring harness 井道内把线holding time 保持时间hole 孔hole base system 基孔制hole countersunk 沉孔holeless 无孔的，无孔式hollow guide rail 空心导轨hollow rivet 空心铆钉home car 驻停轿箱，停在基站的轿箱home elevator/lift 家用电梯home floor 驻停楼层，基站home landing 基站hood 挡板hook 钩，圈horizontal 水平horizontal axis 水平轴horizontal elevator 水平电梯horizontal projection 水平投影horizontal seismic force 水平地震力horizontal shaft governor 横轴式限速器horizontal transportation 水平运输horizontally sliding door 水平滑动门horizontally step run 梯级水平移动距离hose 软管hose connector 软管连接器hose coupling 软管接头hose fitting 软管接头hose proof 软管套hospital elevator 病床梯host 主机，宿主hostile environments 有害环境hotel 旅馆hourly rate 小时定额housing 套hub 轮毂，中心hudraulic lift 液压电梯hum 嗡嗡声human interface 人机界面human safety 人身安全humidity 湿度hung door 悬吊门hydrant 消防栓，消防龙头hydraulic 液压的hydraulic buffer 油压缓冲器，耗能型缓冲器hydraulic drive 液压驱动hydraulic driving machine 液压驱动机hydraulic equipment 液压梯，液压设备hydraulic fluid 液压用液体hydraulic hose 液压软管hydraulic installation 液压设备hydraulic jack 液压千斤顶hydraulic lift nominal speed of up （down）motion 液压梯上（下）行额定速度 hydraulic lift of directly-pushed 直顶式液压梯hydraulic lift of double 倍率液压梯hydraulic oil 液压油hydraulic parts 液压件hydraulic piping 液压配管hydraulic power unit 液压泵站hydraulic pump 液压泵hydraulic relevelling device 液压再平层装置hydraulic valve 液压阀I-bar 工字钢I-beam 工字梁idea 想法，概念，意见ideal 理想的identical 相同的identification 鉴定，鉴别identification tag 标签idler pulley 空转轮，惰轮idler sheave 惰轮IGBT（isolated grid binary transistor）隔离双栅极晶体管ignition voltage 点火电压illuminate 透明，透光illuminated button 发光按钮illumination 照明illustrated sheet 图解说明iluminate ceiling 透光吊顶immunity 抗干扰度impact 冲击impact load 冲击载荷impact loading to pit floor 底坑地面冲击载荷impedance 阻抗imperfection 不完整性，缺陷imperforate 无孔洞的imperial system 英制impregnation 注入，饱和impulse generator 脉冲发生器impulse processing 脉冲处理in car inspection 轿内检修in service 服务中，运行中in use 在使用中inaccessible 准入内inadvertent operation 粗心大意操作incandescent lamp 白炽弧光灯incandescent tube 白炽灯管inch 英寸inching 点数inching button 点动按钮inching feature 点动，微动inching switch 点动开关incident 事件inclination 倾斜度incline 斜面incline section 倾斜部分inclined elevator 倾斜式电梯inclined lift 倾斜式电梯inclined wheel chair lift 倾斜式轮椅电梯incombustible 非易燃的，不燃的incoming panel 受电盘incoming traffic 进入交通，来到交通increase 增加increment disk 增加盘increment pulse generator 增量盘脉冲发生器independent operation 独立操作independent service 独立服务indicatiing lamp 指示灯indicating arrow 指示箭头indicating circuit 指示电路indicating electrical instrument 指示型电气仪表indication contral 显示控制indicator 指示器indicator device 指示装置indicator face plate 指示器（灯）面板indicator for stop 层站指示器indicator lamp 指示灯indicator machine 指示器（灯）机械indirect 间接的indirect acting hyfraulic lift 间接式液压梯indirect back plunger 柱塞后置式indirect side plunger 柱塞侧置式indirectly heated cathod 旁热式阴极indirect-plunger hydraulic elevator 间接柱塞式液压梯induced 感应的inductance 电感induction asynchtonous motor 感应异步电动机induction furnace 感应电炉induction motor 感应电动机inductor 电感inductor plate 感应器板inductor replay 感应继电器industrial building 工业建筑物industrial plant 工业工厂industrial television 工业电视机industry 工业iner ledge 内凹缘（壁架）inertia 转动惯量infermation 信息information apparatus 信息器件，信息装置information transmitter 信息传送器infra-red multi-beam screen detector 红外线光幕检查器，电眼infrared ray 红外线in-ground 掩埋式initial excitation timer 额外励磁时间initial failure 初期故障initial position 起始位置initial setting 初期设定initialization 初始化（计算机）预置initialization travel 起始运行inlet 入口，吸收inlet guard 入口护板inlet of handrail 扶手带入口inlet switch 扶手带入口开关inner deck 内侧盖板inoperative 不运行，不工作inoperative position 不工作位置input 输入input signal 输入信号inrush current 冲击电流，启动电流insert 插件，井道预埋件insert nut 嵌入螺母inserting mortar 添缝insopection traveling speed 检修运行速度inspection 检查，检修inspection button 检修按钮inspection control 检修控制inspection control device 检修控制装置inspection device on top of the car 轿箱检修装置inspection door 检修门inspection operation 检修操作inspection speed 检修速度inspection switch 检修开关inspection trap 检修用活板门inspection travel 检修运行inspector 检测人员，验收机构inspector knife switch 检修闸刀开关installation 安装installation documents 安装文件installation drawing 安装图纸installation instructions 安装说明书installation manager 安装经理installation period 安装周期installation personnel 安装人员installation superintendent 安装总监installer 安装工instantaneous 瞬时的，瞬息的instantaneous safety 瞬时式安全钳instantaneous safety gear 瞬时式安全钳装置instantaneously type safety gear 瞬时式安全钳institute building 公共事业机构性建筑instructed person 受过训练的人员instruction 指示，指令instruction drawing 要领图instruction ROM 指令寄存器instruction system 指令系统instruction user 经训练的使用者instrument 仪器，仪表insulating coupling 绝缘接头insulating material 绝缘材料insulating resistance 绝缘电阻insulating sleeve 绝缘套管insulating strength 绝缘强度insulating tape 绝缘带insulation 绝缘insulation class 绝缘等级insulation rubber 防震橡胶，绝缘橡胶insulation test 绝缘试验insulator 绝缘子，电瓷integrate 积分，整化，结合integrated circuit 集成电路integrating electronic element 集成电子元件integrating error 累计误差intense traffic 密集交通，繁重交通intense up peak 上行密集交通intensive duty traffic 密集客流，繁重交通intensive traddic 稠密交通intercom device 对讲装置interconnect elevator 并联梯interface 接口，界面interference 干扰interference suppression 消除干扰interfloor balance traffic 楼层间平衡交通interfloor distance 层间距离interfloor flight time 层间运行时间interfloor height 层间高度interfloor jump time 层间跨越时间interfloor passenger arrival-rate 层间乘客到站率interfloor passenger traffic 层间客流交通interfloor traffic 层间交通，中间楼层交通interfloor traffic mode 中间楼层交通模式interim payment 分期付款interior 内部interior circuit 内绕圈interior decoration 内部装潢interior panel 内侧板interior paneling 护壁板，护栏板interior profile 内侧盖板interlock 门联锁interlock circuit 互锁电路interlock switch 联锁开关interlocking contact 联锁触点interlocking device 联锁装置interlocking element 联锁元件interlocking motor 联锁电动机intermediate floor 中间楼层intermediate landing 中间层站intermediate machine room 中间机房intermediate speed 中间速度intermediate stop 中间停车，中间停站intermediate support 中心支撑，中间支撑，第三支撑intermediate support beam 中间支撑架intermediate tie-bracket 中间束架intermittent 间歇的，周期性的intermittent problem 间歇性的问题，时有时无的问题intermittent service 间隙运行internal fault 内部故障internal gear 内齿轮internal resistance 内阻internal soore apparaus 内部存储器internal stress 内应力internal traffic 内部交通international safety standard 国际安全标准interphone 对讲机interpole 中间极interpole coil 附加磁极线圈interpole winding 换向极绕组interruption control 中断控制interstice 间隙interval 间隔introductory message 引导信息inventory 库存inventory verification 库存盘点inverse current 反向电流inverse proportion 成反比例inverse ratio 反比inverter 逆变器，变频器inverter control 逆变器控制inverter panel 逆变器盘investigation 调查研究invoice 发票invoicing 结账involuntary operation 偶然性操作involute tooth 渐开线齿iope slippage 绳滑移，绳打滑IPM (incidental phase modulation) 偶发的相位控制IPM (intelligent power module) 智能化电力模块，智能功率元件iron ore 铁矿iron vronze 铁青铜irregular 不规则的irregularity 不匀度irreversibility 不可逆性irreversible 不可逆的I-section 工字钢截面I-shape 工字形ISO 国际化标准组织isolate 分离isolation 隔离isolation pad 隔离垫isolation rubber 隔震橡胶item 项目。

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↑ 移到上一个项目 ↓ 移到下一个项目 ← 移到左边的项目 → 移到右边的项目 <Enter > 确定可用选项 Esc 退回上一级菜单，或从主菜单中结束SETUP 程序 Page Up/+ 改变设定状态，或增加字段中之数值内容 Page Down/- 改变设定状态，或减少字段中之数值内容 F1 显示所有功能键的相关说明 F2 可显示目前设定项目的相关说明 F3 功能保留 F4 功能保留 F5 可加载该画面原先所有项目设定(但不适用主画面) F6 可加载该画面之优化(Optimized)预设设定(但不适用主画面) F7 可加载该画面之标准(Standard)预设设定(但不适用主画面) F8 功能保留 F9 功能保留 F10 储存设定并离开CMOS SETUP 程序
编辑本段主菜单设置
当您进入BIOS CMOS设置程序的时候，显示的第一个画面是主菜单，该主菜单提供几个不同的设置功能可用选项与两个退出程序可用选项，请使用键盘的上下键选择不同的项目，并按下键进入各功能可用选项功能的次级菜单中。请注意，当您移动到每个功能可用选项时，该项的文字会变亮，在屏幕下方亦会出现简单的说明文字，向您介绍该项的作用。注意：在可用选项前带有“>”的可用选项表示带有子项目，可按“Enter”进入进行设置。在可用选项前带有“x”的可用选项表示该项与其它可用选项有关联，不能进行独立的设定，必须在某一条件下才可以进行设置。 1.1 Standard CMOS Features(标准CMOS参数设置) 该部分为使用者设置系统日期、时间、软/硬盘参数，以及系统安全功能。 Date (mm:dd:yy)(设置日期) 日期的格式分别为<月份>、<日期>、<年份>，请按键设置日历。 Time hh:mm:ss（设置时间) 时间是以时/分/秒的格式显示，用以设置现在时刻。 > IDE Channel 0 Master(第一并行IDE端口主硬盘) 该硬盘相关参数设置，请按<Enter>键进入查看。 > IDE Channel 0 Slave(第一并行IDE端口从硬盘) 该硬盘相关参数设置，请按<Enter>键进入查看。 > IDE Channel 1 Master(第二并行IDE端口主硬盘) 该硬盘相关参数设置，请按<Enter>键进入查看。 > IDE Channel 1 Slave(第二并行IDE端口从硬盘) 该硬盘相关参数设置，请按<Enter>键进入查看。 Drive A（软盘驱动器类型）该项允许您选择安装的软盘驱动器类型，分别为A软盘驱动器和B软盘驱动器。可用选项：None(无)、360K(5.25英吋)、1.2M(5.25英吋)、720K(3.5英吋)、1.44M(3.5英吋) 、2.88M(3.5英吋)。目前软驱已基本淘汰，建议设为“None” Video(显示器类型) 该项允许您选择显示卡的类型，通常情况下请保留预设值的设置。可用选项: EGA/VGA、 CGA 40、CGA 80、or MONO(单色屏幕)。 Hatl On(侦错暂停功能) 该项可让您决定在系统引导的过程中侦测到错误时，系统是否停止引导。可用选项：All errors、No errors、All, But Keyboard（默认值）、All, But Diskette、All，But Disk Key 。建议设置选项：All, But Keyboard。(基本/扩展/总内存) 该项是用来显示您的内存状态(只读、不可更改)。 1.2 Advanced BIOS Features(高级BIOS设置) 高级BIOS设置可对系统的高级特性进行设定。 Virus Warning(病毒警告功能) 此项功能可以开启保护IDE硬盘引导扇区的病毒警告功能。当本功能设定为激活时，若有某人使用软件或应用程序尝试写入硬盘引导区，BIOS系统就会在屏幕上显示警告讯息并发出蜂鸣警告声响。可用选项：Disabled (默认值)、Enabled。 CPU L1 & L2 Cache(CPU内置高速缓存) 此可用选项用于启用或停用CPU 内置和二级高速缓存，停用会使系统速度减慢，建议保持默认值。可用选项：Enabled (默认值)、Disabled。 Limit CPUID MaxVal(处理器ID最大值) 这项设置可开启支持较旧的操作系统的处理器ID的最大值限制设定，建议保持默认值。可用选项：Disabled (默认值)、Enabled。 NX BIOS Control(Execute Disable Bit功能) 当您使用支持英特尔Execute Disable Bit功能的CPU时，这个选项才会出现。Execute Disable Bit功能是英特尔“No Execute” (NX)的一项内存保护机制，可以令部分内存地址设定为“Data Only”，有效的避免一些病毒、蠕虫、木马等程序对系统的破坏。该功能还同时需要安装Windows XP SP2操作系统系统才能发挥作用。可用选项：Enabled (默认值)、Disabled。 > Hard Disk Boot Priority(硬盘开机顺序) 此可用选项用于设定硬盘开机的顺序。 Hyper Threading Technology(超线程技术) 当您使用内含超线程技术的CPU时，这个选项才会出现，并且允许您启用或停用此技术。可用选项：Enabled (默认值)、Disabled。 Quick Power On Self Test(电源开启后快速自我测试) 此可用选项用于加速开机自我测试(POST) 的功能。如果设定为启用(Enable)时，BIOS将会缩短并精简开机自我测试的项目及过程。可用选项：Enabled (默认值)、Disabled。 First/Second/Third Boot Device(第一优先/第二优先/第三优先开机装置) 此可用选项用于设定引导时BIOS 系统自外部设备加载操作系统的优先级。可用选项：Floppy、LS120、Hard Disk、CDROM、ZIP100、USB-FDD、USB-ZIP、USBCDROM 、LAN、UDisabled。 Boot Other Device(其它装置开机功能) 此可用选项可允许系统在以第一/第二/第三优先开机装置引导失败时，尝试从其它设备引导。可用选项：Enabled (默认值)、Disabled。 Boot Up Floppy Seek(开机时的软盘驱动器搜索) 该项为选择在系统启动时是否检测软驱。可用选项：Enabled (默认值)、Disabled。 Boot Up NumLock Status(开机时NumLock状态) 此功能用于选择NumLock 键在系统启动后的状态。可用选项： On (默认值) 开机后数字键盘设定在数字输入模式 Off 开机后数字键盘设定在方向键盘模式。 Gate A20 Option（A20地址线选择）设置哪一个控制单元管理1MB以上内存地址的A20地址线，设为Normal用键盘控制器管理，设为Fast用芯片组控制器管理，可提高内存存取的速度和系统整体性能，特别是对于 OS/2和Windows等操作系统来说非常有效。因为它们的保护模式经常需要BIOS A20地址线来进行切换，而芯片组控制器比键盘控制器更快，所以Fast是首选设置。可用选项: Normal、Fast(默认值)。 Typematic Rate Setting(键盘输入速率调整) 此可用选项让您可以调整按键的重复速率。当此可用选项设为Enabled 时，可设定以下两种键盘按键控制：键盘重复输入速率(Typematic Rate)和键盘重复输入时间延迟功能(Typematic Delay)。若设为Disable， BIOS 会使用默认值，此两项会被屏蔽。可用选项：Disabled (默认值)、Enabled。 x Typematic Rate (Chars/Sec)(键盘重复输入速率(字符/秒)) 当您持续按住按键，键盘将依设定速率显示该按键代表的字符。(单位：字符/秒) 可用选项：6 (默认值)、8、10、12、15、20、24、30。 x Typematic RateDelay(键盘重复输入速率(字符/秒)) 当您持续按住按键时，若超过设定时间，键盘会自动以一定速率重复该字符。(单位：字毫秒) 可用选项：250 (默认值)、500、750、1000。 Security Option(安全等级) 该项可控制系统安全等级。可用选项：Setup(默认值)、System。 Setup 仅在进入BIOS时需要密码。 System 开机时即会询问密码，如果密码不正确则无法继续。 x APIC Mode(APIC 模式) 当您设定为“Enabled”时即可使用“MPS Version Control For OS”功能。可用选项：Enabled (默认值)、Disabled。 MPS Version Control For OS(系统MPS 版本控制) 此可用选项用于设定操作系统的MPS 版本。可用选项：1.4 (默认值)、1.1。建议保留默认值。 OS Select For DRAM > 64MB(系统内存容量大于64MB的操作系统选择) 当您系统内存容量大于64MB，并使用OS/2操作系统时，请将此项设置为OS2。可用选项：Non-OS2 (默认值)、OS2。建议保留默认值，因为绝大多数用户不用OS/2系统。 HDD S.M.A.R.T. Capability(硬盘自我监控分析回报功能) 所谓的硬盘S.M.A.R.T. 功能，其实就是硬盘的“自我监控分析并回报功能” (Self MonitoringAnalysis and Reporting Technology)。此功能可以使您的计算机在某些状况之下，能够预知储存装置即将产生故障或中断现象。可用选项：Disabled (默认值)、Enabled。建议设为“Enabled” Report No FDD Windows(Windows不报告软驱状态) 当该项设置为Yes时，如果你的软驱被移去时，你可以不进行CMOS设置，Windows也不会在启动时搜索软驱，这时“我的电脑”里就没有软驱了，而不会出现“可移