人教版八年级英语上册单元笔记_I_(Unit1-Unit6)

人教版八年级英语上册知识点总结
Unit 1: How often do you exercise?
【语言目标】
会使用频率副词及短语；能描述课余时间的活动安排；会描述基本饮食结构。

1.
how often”是一个特殊疑问词。

所谓的“频率”指的是某个动作多长时间/多久发生一次。

试比较：How often do you swim ？你多久游一次泳？
How often does your father go to a movie？你爸爸多久看一次电影？
针对“how often”引导的问句所进行的回答：
twice a week, three times a month
如always ,usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never.
例：对划线部分提问：
He always takes a bus to school. 注：划线部分都是对“频率”的描述，所以答案为
How often does he take a bus to school？
He never takes a bus to school.
2.I always go shopping . Go +V-ing 表示“去xx”。

常见形式还有：go swimming,
I often go skateboarding. go fishing，go walking...
3.I can't stand shopping. 我无法忍受购物。

“意为：无法忍受xxx 。

特别注意：stand 后跟V-ing 形式。

对比复习介意xxx".
例：Can you stand _______(hang) out with that silly boy？
My father doesn't mind _______ (shop) this afternoon.
4.
]
]
]
，常用于句首，其后跟名词、代词或
例：As for him，I never want to see him here. 至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。

6.
“对xx有好处”
其反义说法为：“对xx有坏处”
例：Playing sports is good for middle school students. 做运动对中学生有好处。

_______ (learn) English.
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.
注意复习：be good at 擅长xxx
7. But I'm pretty healthy. 但是我相当地健康。

"unhealthy"
8.I try to eat a lot of vegetables. 我尽力吃大量的蔬菜。

"尽力去xxx" 例：My pen pal always tries to tell jokes .
“尝试去Why don't you try talking with him?
9.I look after my health.
10.
我的健康的生活方式帮助我取得好成绩。

好食物和锻炼帮着我更好地学习。

帮助某人做某事
？
xxx相同”不同"
例：My study habits are the same as my sister's .
Do you think Li Lei's lifestyle is different from Han Meimei's ?
Different .adj "不同的"“不同，差异”
There are so many differences between Tv shows and movies.
在电视和电影之间有许多的不同之处。

12. And I think I'm kind of unhealthy.
"有点..."
13. 【词语辨析】：exercise的用法①『什么时候加s?』
②『什么时候不加s?』
1.
例：I am doing my exercises .我正在做我的练习。

Doing morning exercises is good for our health.做早操对我们的健康有好处。

2.
例：I like doing exercise in winter.我喜欢在冬天做锻炼。

14. 【词语辨析】
2. The woman _______ a teacher .
maybe 是副词，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于句首。

may be 是情态动词，意为“可能是...也许是...”. 一般位于主语之后。

15.【词语辨析】hard / hardly
1. We must study _____ to get good grades.
2. I can understand them.
3. I ____ (hard) ever play computer games because I think it's boring. hard作形容词，意为“困难的，硬的”；作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。

Hardly 作副词，意为“几乎不”。

Unit 2 What’s the matter?
【语言目标】
能表述身体的种种不适以及对他人身体的种种不适给予适当的建议. 1．What’s the matter? I have a cold.你怎么了？我感冒了。

What’s the matter(with you)?（某人）怎么了？
= What’s the trouble (with you)? What's the matter (with sb)?
= What’s wrong (with you)?
2.本单元有关疾病的词组：
I have a cold 我感冒I have a sore throat 疼痛的
I have a fever 我发烧I have a sore back 我背疼
疼I'm hungry .我饿了
疼" I'm thirsty. 我渴了
I'm stressed out. 我压力大3.You don't look well. 你看起来面色不好。

I'm not feeling well. 我感觉不好。

I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你快点好起来。

4.你应该喝一些带着蜂蜜的热茶。

With “带着”"穿着
例：
？
A. Have
B. Has
C. With
5.注：sound like+ n 听起来像...
Sound + adj 听起来...
6.连续两个小时不要吃任何东西。

句中for+ 一段时间
例：句中for 表示stay一直持续两周)
表示sleep一直持续8个小时) [] How long do you usually sleep every night?
注：对于for+一段时间提问，需用how long/
有些
8.Advice. n "建议、忠告" ，' 一条建议' : a piece of advice ,不能使
用an advice. 其词组为：give advice ."提建议"
例Mr Gao often gives me lots of advice about learning (learn)English well.
9.我希望你快点好起来。

句中you feel better soon. 是个句子，符合hope的用法。

请看hope的解释Hope. v. 希望、盼望
Hope to do sth 希望/盼望做... √
Hope +(that)从句希望..... √
：无此结构hope sb to do sth ×
例：我希望你取得好成绩. ①I hope you to get good grades. ×
本句中使用hope sb to do sth, 所以错误
② I hope you can get get good grades. √
本句中hope+从句，所以正确
10.Maybe you have too much yin. 可能你阴气太盛/ 可能你有太多的阴。

例：Too much +不可数名词"太多的..." Students have too much homework Too many +可数名词复数"太多的..." There are too many people near here. Much too + adj/adv "太.../很..." We played soccer and were much too tired 11.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
吃党参和黄芪草本也对此有好处。

句中Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs
即：动名词（V-ing）可做句子的主语。

不能根据汉语习惯，把V原当成句子的主语。

（毕竟动词是用来做
谓语的，所以大家经常会听老师提''谓语动词'' 这个叫法）试比较：
①打篮球对你的健康有好处
×[V原play出现在主语位置]
√[Playing为动名词，可做主语]
②说的多能帮着你把语言学得更好
√[speaking做了主语]
×[speak做了句子主语]
12.Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries.
中药现在在许多西方国家很受欢迎。

Medicine .n. 药品、药物。

例：-Mom, I don't like taking any medicine now. - Yeah, I know. But you have to.
13.It's easy to have a healthy lifestyle,and it's important to eat a balanced diet.
拥有一种健康的生活方式很容易，同时吃平衡的饮食也是很重要的。

,......是怎样的。

本单元P 12：I believe it's important to sleep eight hours a night.
我认为一个晚上睡八个小时是很重要的。

14.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am.
2点。

not........until...... 直到......才...... /
[技巧：not
理解:①
Not和助动词连用until+ 句子You can't speak English well until you practice it more.
// 你不可能把英语说好的，直到你练习的更多.
15. P11. 3b
短文：
a few / few / a little / little
---________.
2. There is milk in the box. Let's go to the shop and buy some .
3. I saw comedies with my friends .They were pretty interesting.
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation? 【语言目标】 ● 使用现在进行时的结构（be+v-ing ）表示未来的计划.
1. ① What are you doing for your vacation? ② What are you doing for your vacation? 在七年级的学习中，be+v-ing 表示现在进行时；本单元中此结构则表示“一般将来时”。

口语练习： 今天下午你打算和你的父母一起去游泳吗？
Victor 打算在5点去练习弹钢琴。

例： Lily's pen pal is going to China to see her. Lily 的笔友打算去中国看她。

对划线部分提问： What is Lily's pen pal doing? Lily 的笔友打算做什么？
改为一般疑问句： Is Lily's pen pal going to China to see her?
改为否定句： Lily's pen pal isn't going to China to see her.
2. I'm leaving on Friday. Leave. ① ''离开'' （leave-left ） 表示“动身去某地”
② ''遗留、落下'' leave sth +地点 表示“把某物落在某地”
例： My parents left for Beijing last week .
昨天Lily 把她的数学书落在图书馆了。

把某物落在某地（含有不小心之意）
例： Bad luck ! I left my wallet and phone in the bus yesterday.
真倒霉，昨天我把钱包和身份证落在公交车上了
3.Our readers want to know what famous people do for vacation .
我们的读者想知道名人在假期做什么。

①复习''所''字结构: what famous people do
In fact ,we all don't like what Jim did . 说实话，我们都不喜欢Jim
② famous. Adj. ''出名的、著名的''.
Be famous for+ n///doing sth "因为......而出名" [for表示....某种原因//理由]
Be famous as+ n "作为......而出名" [as +表示职业的名词] 例：China is famous for the Great Wall .
Is Mr Green famous as an English teacher?
4. Go+doing ""去......""
go camping 去野营 go shopping 去买东西 go swimming 去游泳
go boating去划船 go skating 去溜冰go walking去散步
go skateboarding去踩滑板go dancing去跳舞 go hiking 去徒步远足
go sightseeing 去观光 go bike riding 骑自行车旅行go fishing 去钓鱼
5. have a good time (doing sth)
= have fun (doing sth) 玩得开心、过得愉快
= enjoy +反身代词（myself/ yourself/ himself/ herself/ itself ）
( Ourselves/ yourselves/ themselves )
6.
给某人展示某物//展示某物给某人
给某人某物//把某物给某人
例：My teacher gave (give) me some advice about learning (learn)English.
7.那里怎么样？（be like.. ...怎样）
It's beautiful. 那里很漂亮。

Look like 着重问人物长相-//look. like.
①What does he look like? 他长什么样？
He is tall and of medium build. 他个子很高，中等身材。

Be like 着重指人的内在性格、人品，是个什么样的人。

Like 是介词。

②What is he like? 他是个什么样的人？
He is very kind and he often helps others. 他很好心而且经常帮助别人。

8.Can I ask you a few questions about your vacation plans?
我可以问你一些关于你假期计划的问题吗？ask sb about sth
a few +可数名词复数
9.Plan. ①v. ''计划'' plan to do sth.
② n ''计划、打算'' [可数名词]
易错点：plan-planned; plan-planning .(过去式和doing变形时，都双写n)
10. 度假：take a vacation (单数) = take vacations (复数)
散步：take a walk (单数) = take walks (复数)
拍照：take a photo (单数) = take photos (复数)
11.
Think about +n//doing sth. 考虑某事// 考虑做某事
复习think 词组：think of '认为' the games shows?
12.
--- Is there _______ in today's newspaper? Susan.
--- The same as before. I think it's the most boring newspaper.
A. Something new
B. New anything
C. Anything new
13.
①在使用spend
例：Andy spent a lot of money on books. Andy花了很多钱买书。

②若表示“在......上花费(时间、金钱等)”，常用
Kitty每天花两个小时做家庭作业。

③若表示“花费(时间、金钱)做某事”，常用此时介词in 可以省略。

例如:
例：Mr Gao spent 4500 RMB buying (buy) an iphone 4 last Wednesday.
14.
"忘记要去做......" (强调事情未做)
"忘记做过........." (强调事情已做)
对比remember ''记得'' ......" (强调事情未做)
(强调事情已做)
15.A great vacation. I can't wait.
① wait for sb//sth 等待某人//某物
②等不及要去做
例：(B) I have to wait _____ my classmates_____ the bus stop.
A. for , for
B.for , at
C. at ,for
16.她说：我刚刚拍完我最后一部电影。

Finish .v . 完成－－－做完某事//完成了做某事
例：①Did you finish doing (do) your homework? Jim. Jim,你做完你的作业了吗？
②We finished _______ the piano just now and then decided _______ the classroom.
A. To play, to clean
B. Playing , cleaning
C. Playing ,to clean
17.I want an exciting vacation. 我想要一个激动人心的假期。

①exciting. adj. ""令人激动的、叫人兴奋的"" 通常主语是物//修饰物
② excited. adj. ""对...感到兴奋//激动"" 通常主语是人//修饰人
例：Are you 你要去北京了，感到兴奋吗？
他昨天给我们讲了一个使人激动的故事。

Unit 4 How do you get to school?
【语言目标】
●学会谈论交通工具, 并合理选用交通工具
1. How do you get to school? 你怎样去学校？
Get.v . 得到Get to +地点名词''到达......''.
初中阶段表示“到达”的词组还有：arrive in+大地点;arrive at+ 小地点
例：When did you arrive ______ there ?
此题ABC全为错误选项。

to。

所以本题答案为：///
2.Bob takes the train and Mary takes the subway.
Take the train 坐火车////take the subway 坐地铁
此外还有：take the bus//take the plane//take a taxi.....
友情提示：以上词组都为动词词组，所以同学们要保证把它们放在主语之后
3. How long does it take？它花费多长时间？
Take ''花费''
Take-took
例：
对划线部分提问：
How long does it usually take your mom to clean your house on Saturdays?
此外，take还可译为：①''拿走、带走'' take sb//sth to +地点把某人/物带到某地
②"乘坐" take a taxi// take a subway
③吃//喝（药）Did you take your medicine today?
4. How do you get to school? I ride my bike. 你怎样去学校？我骑车去。

ride-rode // ride a bike 骑车
例：My pen pal Betty rides a bike to school every day. (变为一般疑问问) Does your pen pal Betty ride a bike to school every day?
5. First I walk to the bus stop. 首先，我走着去公交车站。

Walk to ....走着去...... 例：My cousin walks to the library every Wednesday.
(同义句) My cousin goes to the library on foot every Wednesday.
6.
走着去花费2510分钟。

位于句末
Do you often walk to school?= Do you often go to school on foot?
7. How far is it from his home to school? 从他家到学校是多远// 他家离学校多远？
How far ''多远' －对距离的远近提问
复习：how many//how much// how long// how often//用法。

例：。

林飞的家离学校是大约10公里远。

(对划框部分提问) How far is Lin Fei's home from school?
？
other'' 其他的''
别人走着或骑车去others'' 其他人''
10.在中国，它取决于你住在哪里。

depend- depended depend on sb//sth 依靠....///取决于///
例：-Mom, when will we have a picnic outside? - Oh, it depends on the weather.
-Hey, Bob. What about going swimming ? -Good idea, but it depends on my dad.
11.那一定比坐公交车有趣的多了。

Must be 表示''一定是......'' (表示肯定的推测)
例：
Watching（
''必须'' (must+V原)
''一定......'' (must+V原)
must be表示"一定是......",那么表示''可能是......'', 则应该换用________.
12.
13.
可数名词复数表示：''大量的、许多的......''
.
作主语谓语用复数形式
我们学校许多学生每天花半个小时做运动。

Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
【语言目标】
●学习礼貌地发出、接受、拒绝邀请
●用can发出邀请●情态动词have to用法
●用现在进行时表示将来计划或行动
用法：
(上、下、晚)、包含特定形容词的(上、下、晚)
)
例：Mr Smith walked into an old city in Beijing ______ a cold morning .
The doctor often tells children to sleep______ eight hours at night.
When did your mom arrive in Beijing ,Jim? ______ half past six.
2.我必须帮助我的父母亲。

Have to +v原''不得不//必须、'' must+v原''必须'' .二者比较如下：
①have to有人称和数的变化，即第三人称单数用has to，其他人称用have to；而must 没有人称或数的变化。

例：He has to go there to visit his aunt．他不得不去那里拜访他的姑姑。

②have to有时态的变化，must没有。

例：He had to study late for the math test．他不得不为数学测试而学到很晚。

③have to强调客观上“不得不”做某事；(非本身愿意)
must指主观上“必须”做某事。

(本身愿意
例：We must study hard
Students have to do so much homework every night.
3.......怎样？(提建议///征求对方意见)
4.I have to go to the doctor. 我不得不去看医生。

go to a doctor = see a doctor; 类似有go to a dentist = see a dentist.
5.What a small party ！多小型的一个聚会啊。

语法小解：感叹句
①感叹句: 指表达喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。

一般可译为汉语的: ''//////啊；//////呀''
②
+(主+谓)
What主+谓)
主+谓) 是名词How
修饰adj//adv
(what和how)的选择；②what感叹句中，因为对不可数名词的把握不清，所以极容易根据汉语思维选成what a /an. 请同学们认真思考，然后下笔。

例：What与How的感叹句专练
一选择题
1 . _________clever girl she is!
A What a
B What
C How a
D how
2 ._________interesting story it is!
A What an
B What a
C How an
D How
3 . _________ children they are!
A What
B What a
C How a
D How
4 . _________flowers they are!
A What beautiful
B What a beautiful
C How beautiful
D How a beautiful
5 . _________it is today!
A How cold
B What cold
C How a cold
D What a cold
6. _________bad the weather is!
A How
B What
C What a
D How a
7. _________good news it is !
A How
B What a
C How a
D What
8 . _________great time we had.
A.How
B.How a
C.What
D.What a
9 ._________he writes.
A How good
B How well
C What good
D What well
10 . _________ Li Lei runs!
A What fast boy
B What fast
C How fast
D How a fast
11. _________ hard he works！
A How
B What C. What a D. How a
12. _________an interesting subject it is!
A. What
B. How
C. What
13. _________it is raining!
A How heavily
B What heavy
C How heavy
14. _________delicious the fish is!
A. What
B. How
C. What a
15.________windy it was yesterday!
A. What
B. What a
C. How
6.这个星期我真的很忙。

be busy with+n 忙于某事Betty is busy with her homework.
be busy +doing sth 忙于做某事= Betty is busy______ (do) her homework.
7.class与lesson 区别：
①在着重指“课时”时，可互换使用。

②class
Don't talk in class. There are fifteen classes in our school, and I'm in Class 8.
③lesson.
We study Chinese,Maths,English and other lessons.
There are 12 lessons in this book and Lesson Two is a little difficult.
8. I have too much homework this weekend.
复习：too many/// too much/// much too///
9. another////other///others 比较：
Another. Adj. ''另一...///再一...''
Other. Adj. ''其他的、、、///''
Others. 代词. ''其他人///''
例① Did you meet______ people in the library just now?
②Some boys are playing soccer and ______ are watching them.
三月March四月April五月May六月June 七月July八月August九月September十月October十一月November十二月December
星期一:Monday 星期二：Tuesday 星期三：Wednesday 星期四:Thursday 星期五:Friday 星期六:Saturday 星期天:Sunday
11.对星期提问：What day is (it) today ? 今天是星期几？It's Tuesday today.\
对日期提问：What's the date today ? 今天是几月几号？It's September 10th.
对日期和星期同时提问：What's today? 今天是什么日子？It's Monday the 14th.
12.On weekdays 在平时///在工作日///在上学日
On weekends 在周末///在双休的时候
13.Can you come over to my house? 你能顺便来我家拜访
Come over ''顺便拜访''；地点名词
例：Please come over to my home when you come here next time.
下次你来这儿的时候，请顺便来我家看看///坐坐。

Unit 6 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
【语言目标】
●比较级的构成以及正确用法。

1. 掌握形容词//副词比较级变化规则+常见的不规则比较级形式。

详见：P93
2.
①
//heavy- heavier// short-shorter
②
quiet- quieter //
outgoing- more outgoing// athletic- more athletic// serious- more serious//
附：必背的形容词//副词比较级不规则变化
Good//well better best
Bad// badly worse worst
Many//much more most
Little less least
Far farther farthest
further furthest
3.
介词.
②连词.
4.
都可译为"都、、、全部、、、"，区别如下：
Both. ''(两个)都.....''//"(两者)都......" 位置：be//情态//助动之后；实义动词之前
All ''(三个或三个以上)都.....''// 位置：be//情态//助动之后；实义动词之前
5.
A little 修饰quieter
为了语言表达的需要，有时我们会在
a little // much// even//......
细心体会：Lily is a little funnier than her sister. Lily
An elephant is much heavier than a hen.
That movie star gets even more beautiful than before. 那个影星变得比以前更漂亮了。

6. P33. 3a短文：........ although my hair is shorter than hers.
注意：此处的hers 是一个名词性物主代词，名词性物主代词＝形容词性物主代词+
名词，所以本句中hers= her hair ，此处的hers不可以换成her. 比较级用法中，大家一定要保证进行比较的双方//或多方的属性一致。

即sb和sb比较，sth和sth比较。

细心对比：Don't you think my English is better than her. ×
Don't you think my English is better than hers. √
His hairstyle is much cooler than his sister. ×
His hairstyle is much cooler than his sister's. √
初中阶段必背的代词表：：形容词性物主代词+名词；名词性物主代词不+名词
7. However ,we both enjoy going to parties. 然而，我们都喜欢去参加聚会。

复习enjoy用法：① enjoy +doing sth 喜欢做.........
② Enjoy +反身代词玩得开心、过得愉快
8.Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.
上句可拆为：Liu Ying is good at sports.
Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.
提示：as.....as... 是比较级用法中较特殊的一种情况，
较”。

其否定形式为not as//so....as....
9.I think a good friend makes me laugh. 我认为一个好朋友会叫我笑。

复习make用法：① make +sb+ do(V原) sth 使//叫某人做某事
② make+ sb//sth+ adj. 使某人....//叫某人......
例：Listening to some music makes me relaxed (relax) .听音乐叫我很放松。

Yesterday my mom made me cook (cook) some dumplings with her.
10.Some friends have opposite views and interests . 一些朋友有不同的观点和兴趣爱好。

View .n. 观点、看法（可数名词）；interest. n.兴趣爱好（可数名词）
11.He always beats me in tennis. 他总是在网球方面打败我。

Beat.v. 打败、击败[beat-beat]
beat +sb 击败//打败某人；在某方面击败某人
12.
''和某人相处的好''
复习：......'' 对...有好处''。