2016年大学英语四级模拟听力原文
2016年6月大学英语四级真题听力原文(一二三套)
2016年6月大学英语四级真题第一套听力原文SectionANews report 1The international labor organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing。
In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number on unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people leaving on less than 2 dollars per day in the past 3 years。
The Director—General of the International Labor Organization Juan Somavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis。
However，he points out that many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, it takes 4-5 years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. Somavia says the International Labour Organization is proposing a global job agreement to deal with unemployment。
6月英语四级听力篇章真题及材料
6月英语四级听力篇章真题及材料2016年6月英语四级听力篇章真题及材料听力篇章其实就是短文听力，要求根据听到的`短文内容回答问题。
下面是店铺整理的2016年6月听力篇章的真题及原文，欢迎阅读!Passage OneThe massive decline in sleep happened so slowly and quietly that few seemed to notice the trend. Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels? Never disconnecting from work? No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life in danger.New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is a top priority. Some 40% of Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on week nights. "The link between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer." says Lawrence Alberstaine, a sleep expert at Harvard University. For example, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels during sleep. People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and other problems.Sleeping better may help fight off illness. "When people are sleep-derived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function." says Doctor Felice, of Northwestern University in Chicago. A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well live longer. So say good night sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a ripe old age.Q16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Q17. What do we learn from the talk about today's Americans?Q18. What does the speaker say will happen to people who lack sleep?Passage TwoParents and teachers will tell you not to worry when applying for a place at a university. But in the same breath will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.The first decision is your choice of course. It will depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements? The deadline is January 15th. But it is best to submit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of expression is foremost. Omit dull and ineffective generalities and make sure you give concrete examples.Admissions officers read every personal statement that arrives. It is not convincing if you say you have chosen the subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidence that you have reflected and thought about the subject.Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons, if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.Q19. What is the first decision you should make in preparingto apply for a place at a university?Q20. What is the most important part of the application?Q21. What must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage ThreeIt is widely believed that German invented the first car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars had 2 seats. There were no petrol pumps and few garages, so every driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, wind screen, rubble tires and number plates. Henry Ford's Model T introduced in America in 1909 was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car, registration became a must in 1903 with the motor car act. Competency tests were introduced in 1935.Today, the legal driving age for a car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening of its first motor way –the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motor way was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motor way and the legend of the transport cafe was born. Of course, the service station has diversified greatly. But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or a coffee and a sandwich, one thing has remained the same: the prices.Q22. What does the speaker say about the first motor car?Q23. What was the problem with the early cars in Britain?Q24. Why did Henry Ford's Model T cars cost less? Q25. What do we learn about the Preston Bypass?。
2016年6月四级听力第一套原文
2016年6月大学英语四级听力第一套原文以提供给考生参考之用。
【原文】Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) The woman doesn't think much of the book.B) The woman doesn't like the book at all.C) The woman finds the book hard to understand.D) The woman finds the book inspiring.2. A) Her job responsibilities changed significantly.B) Her job wasn't what she had expected.C) The man was unable to help her at work.D) The man was demoted to a lower position.3. A) She didn't care for the explanation in the book.B) She liked the way the writer expl本人ned things.C) She didn't understand the writer's point of view.D) She couldn't keep up with the writer's ideas.4. A) Whether the man has read any influential books lately.B) Whether they will have discussion of the book tomorrow.C) Whether there will be any changes in the woman's job.D) Whether the woman thinks the book is worth reading.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the center.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the passage you have just heard.5. A) She put signs everywhere.B) She didn't sell her house at the end.C) She sold her house in two months.D) She sold her house in one day.6. A) He didn't have to sell the house.B) He sold the house to a friend.C) He misunderstood the message.D) He sold the house himself.7. A) Another real estate agent.B) The woman who p本人nted the signs.C) A close friend with real estate experience.D) The woman who had a mess with signs.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the passage you have just heard.8. A) The sale.B) The w oman’s great success.C) How to sell a house.D) The woman's son’s desire.9. A) For six months.B) For a half a year.C) For a year and two months.D) For a year and a half.10. A) They enjoyed the benefit of her success.B) They often laughed at her feelings.C) They were glad to see how she f本人led.D) They learned from the success of the woman.【听力文本翻译】本文为2016年6月大学英语四级听力第一套原文，本文共包括A、B 两个小节，分别包括两组长对话和两段短文，包括对话和文本的问题，共涉及10个问题。
2016年6月四级听力原文
2016年6月四级考试听力原文(第一套) (1)2016年6月四级考试听力原文(第二三套) (27)2016年6月四级考试听力原文(第一套)Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ANews Report One听力原文：You probably think college students are experts at sleeping.But parties，preparations for tests，personal problems and general stress can wreck(vt. 破坏) a student’s sleep habits，which can be bad for the body and the mind. / Texas Tech University is even offering a class called“Improving Your Sleep Habits”.[1]People suffering from sleep loss are at an increased risk from (增加...的风险)obesity (n. 肥大，肥胖),psychological problems(心理问题) and car crashes(车祸).Students (who don't get enough sleep) have poorer attendance(出勤率低) and lower grades(成绩差).On top of all that，[2] a new study published in状况好的) sleeping than making last-minute preparations for atest.200 college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games.Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later，but they did much better after getting a good night’s sleep.[1]So,if you really want to do your job well,don't forget to get some sleep.解析：1.A.How college students can handle their psychological problems.B.Why college students are more likely to have stress problems.C.Why sufficient sleep is important for college students.D.How college students can improve their sleep habits.Q：What is the news report mainly about?【解析】选项为how或why开头的句子表明，本题可能考查新闻要点。
6月大学英语四级听力真题原文
6月大学英语四级听力真题原文2016年6月大学英语四级听力真题原文2017年到了，新一轮的大学英语四级备考又开始了，为了帮助大家备考大学英语四级听力，店铺整理了2016年的英语四级听力真题原文，希望能对大家有所帮助!News Report 1News report 1 The International Labour Organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing.国际劳工组织称失业人数正在增加。
In its latest update on Global Employment Trends, 在最新一期全球就业趋势报告中，the agency says projections of the number of unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people.该组织预测今年失业人数将在2.1-2.4亿人之间。
The report warns that 200 million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people living on less than 2 dollars per day in the past three years.该组织的报告警告说，在过去的三年里2亿贫穷工人面临跨入每天靠不足两美元过活行列的风险。
The director general of the International Labour Organization, Juan Somavia,国际劳工组织主任胡安·索马维亚notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis.表示一些国家已经开始采取措施应对全球危机带来的影响了。
2016年6月英语四级听力原文第二套
2016年6月英语四级听力原文第二套Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D], and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.1. M: I think there's much left in the fridge.W: I know. We should have gone shopping last night.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?2. M: Do you think Kathy should see a dentist right away?W: She doesn't have to. It's just a baby tooth.Q: What does the woman mean?3. W: What are you going to do this summer vacation?M: I've no idea. I'm thinking of taking a short holiday abroad.Q: Where will the man probably go this summer?4. W: Did you book the meeting room for the presentation?M: Yes, I did. It is at 2 pm on the 20th of this month.Q: What are the speakers talking about?5. M: I missed the lecture this afternoon. Can I borrow your notes? W: Sure. Provide your email and I will send them to you later.Q: What will the woman do for the man?6. W: I hear you went to the empty quarter in Saudi Arabia.M: Yes, it was such a fantastic experience.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7. M: The office block has been sold, so we'll have to find another one.W: It is a great shame. We have been here for so many years.Q: What does the woman mean?8. M: Is there anything I can do to help you?W: I'm afraid not, thanks. I've nearly finished it.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?Conversation OneW: I'm so glad to see you after all these years.M: Thank you for helping me find your place. It used to be a pet shop, didn't it?W: Yes, but I thought it was about time I started my own business, so I bought it five years ago.M: And how's everything going?W: I can't complain, but I'm thinking of moving to a larger place. M: Any particular reason?W: I can't keep up with the demand. In the beginning, I mainly sold dogs and cats, but now more people want exotic pets like lizards and snakes and things like that. But that's not all. My pet grooming service has really taken off, and the place is just too small for everything I'm doing now.M: That sounds like a good reason to move.W: Yes, but I've run into my first problem already.M: What's that?W: There's no convenient place near here that I can move into. I'm looking for somewhere within walking distance so I can keep my customers. I'll have to put up with the present place for a while longer.M: Well, I'm sure you'll find something sooner or later.W: I certainly hope so.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. How did the woman start her business?10. How does the woman feel about her present place?11. Why does the woman want to move?12. What problem has the woman run into?Conversation TwoM: Good morning. May I help you?W: Good Morning. I'm here to apply for the customer service position.M: Are you the person who phoned about the job?W: That's right. I phoned a couple of days ago and was told to come in and fill out an application form.M: Yes, I remember now. Please take a seat. First of all, how do you like working with people?W: I enjoy working with people. I've been working in a bookshop for the past two years, and my job involves talking to customers allthe time.M: What do you find most difficult when you deal with people? W: Well, I must admit I sometimes find it hard to deal with people who don't know what they want. They keep asking questions and can't make their minds up. Sometimes it can be quite frustrating. M: Yes, I know exactly what you mean. Last month, a customer came in looking for a birthday present for his wife. He walked round the shop for hour after hour and just couldn't decide on anything.W: Oh dear. That's exactly what I'm afraid of.M: On the other hand, there are customers who really know what they want and are quite aggressive. How would you handle that? W: I think if customers are aggressive, it is probably because they are not satisfied with the service. In such cases, I would try my best to find out what their problems are and then solve them.M: What kind of salary are you expecting?W: I expect to start at $6 per hour. I'm now earning $5 an hour, but that's just a part-time job.M: I see. You will have to work extra hours on Saturdays and Sundays sometimes. Is that a problem?W: No, not at all. I'm used to working weekends.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. What is the woman's reason for coming?14. What is the most difficult thing for the woman in dealing with people?15. How does the woman think an aggressive customer can be handled?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneLast year, Marion County raised prices everyone had to pay for services such as ordering divorce papers or getting a wedding license by about $11. In one case, the cost to file a business suit jumped from $53 to $300. Those increases in court costs are now paying for badly-needed repairs and improvements at Marion County's six courthouses, said Perry Township's Robin Stethem. "We desperately needed to do something", said Stethem, a 30-year veteran of the county court system. "We had air conditioners hanging out of the windows."Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. Why were the prices raised last year in Marion County?17. How much did the filing cost for a business suit increase?18. What was in poor condition at the Marion County's six courthouses?Passage TwoMost economists admit that one measure of a country's success is its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP is the most commonly used measure of output (产出) or production. It is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given time period (usually a year). However, there are some limitations with GDP as a measure of the well-being of a country. It does not reflect the amounts of leisure, environmental quality and personal freedom. Moreover, GDP includes mostly material goods rather than non-material goods like friendship, love and the enjoyment of leisure time. All these are important in providing a true measure of the standard of living and well-being of people in a country. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. How is GDP commonly used?20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a limitation of GDP as a measure of the well-being of a country?21. According to the speaker, what is important in providing a true measure of the standard of living and well-being of people in a country?Passage ThreeIf you think that everything went well for Japan after the war, you have a lot to learn. The people's survival day-to-day needs were threatened by a poor economy. This troubled period gave rise to the Japanese way of thinking "Mend it and use it." Everything and anything was valuable and would be rescued or retrieved if at all possible. Even if it could not be used by the family, it was given to someone who could. It was their moral responsibility. Thisguideline was followed by hundreds of thousands of people over the years during the early part of my life in Japan.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage y ou have just heard.22. What was Japan's economy like after the war?23. What did the Japanese think of anything they owned?24. What did the Japanese do if they could not use something?25. How did the Japanese think of their responsibility during the hard time?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 26 to 30 with the exact words you heard. For blanks numbered from 31 to 35 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.What is sight-reading? It's completely different from what we normally think of when we think of reading. After all, if we're sight-reading, we are playing an instrument, not (26)________ . We're using our eyes and our brains in a (27)________ different way, and we're doing something much more difficult than justmerely translating those letters and (28)________ into sounds and/or meanings. We're taking advantage of the strong wiring of our brains to process some (29)________ while playing an instrument. When you hear people talking about how a musician has a lot of experience, or "that's a great musician", that musician often has (30)________ a lot of experience in sight-reading. Blank 26:Blank 27:Blank 28:Blank 29:Blank 30:Questions 31 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.31. What is different when we sight-read from when we normally read?32. What does sight-reading involve?33. According to the passage, what do great musicians often have?34. Is it common for musicians to sight-read?35. What does the strong wiring of our brains enables us to do when sight-reading?听力原文如下：Section A1. M: I think there's much left in the fridge.W: I know. We should have gone shopping last night.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?2. M: Do you think Kathy should see a dentist right away?W: She doesn't have to. It's just a baby tooth.Q: What does the woman mean?3. W: What are you going to do this summer vacation?M: I've no idea. I'm thinking of taking a short holiday abroad.Q: Where will the man probably go this summer?4. W: Did you book the meeting room for the presentation?M: Yes, I did. It's at 2 pm on the 20th of this month.Q: What are the speakers talking about?5. M: I missed the lecture this afternoon. Can I borrow your notes? W: Sure. Provide your email and I'll send them to you later.Q: What will the woman do for the man?6. W: I hear you went to the Empty Quarter in Saudi Arabia.M: Yes, it was such a fantastic experience.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7. M: The office block has been sold, so we'll have to find another one.W: It is a great shame. We have been here for so many years.Q: What does the woman mean?8. M: Is there anything I can do to help you?W: I'm afraid not, thanks. I've nearly finished it.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?Conversation OneW: I'm so glad to see you after all these years.M: Thank you for helping me find your place. It used to be a pet shop, didn't it?W: Yes, but I thought it was about time I started my own business, so I bought it five years ago.M: And how's everything going?W: I can't complain, but I'm thinking of moving to a larger place. M: Any particular reason?W: I can't keep up with the demand. In the beginning, I mainly sold dogs and cats, but now more people want exotic pets like lizards and snakes and things like that. But that's not all. My pet grooming service has really taken off, and the place is just too small for everything I'm doing now.M: That sounds like a good reason to move.W: Yes, but I've run into my first problem already.M: What's that?W: There's no convenient place near here that I can move into. I'm looking for somewhere within walking distance so I can keep my customers. I'll have to put up with the present place for a while longer.M: Well, I'm sure you'll find something sooner or later.W: I certainly hope so.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. How did the woman start her business?W: Yes, but I thought it was about time I started my own business, so I bought it five years ago.10. How does the woman feel about her present place?W: I can't complain, but I'm thinking of moving to a larger place.11. Why does the woman want to move?W: I can't keep up with the demand. In the beginning, I mainly sold dogs and cats, but now more people want exotic pets like lizards and snakes and things like that.12. What problem has the woman run into?W: There's no convenient place near here that I can move into. Conversation TwoM: Good morning. May I help you?W: Good Morning. I'm here to apply for the customer service position.M: Are you the person who phoned about the job?W: That's right. I phoned a couple of days ago and was told to come in and fill out an application form.M: Yes, I remember now. Please take a seat. First of all, how do you like working with people?W: I enjoy working with people. I've been working in a bookshop for the past two years, and my job involves talking to customers all the time.M: What do you find most difficult when you deal with people? W: Well, I must admit I sometimes find it hard to deal with people who don't know what they want. They keep asking questions and can't make their minds up. Sometimes it can be quite frustrating. M: Yes, I know exactly what you mean. Last month, a customer came in looking for a birthday present for his wife. He walked round the shop for hours and hours and just couldn't decide on anything.W: Oh dear. That's exactly what I'm afraid of.M: On the other hand, there are customers who really know whatthey want and are quite aggressive. How would you handle that? W: I think if customers are aggressive, it is probably because they are not satisfied with the service. In such cases, I would try my best to find out what their problems are and then solve them.M: What kind of salary are you expecting?W: I expect to start at $6 per hour. I'm now earning $5 an hour, but that's just a part-time job.M: I see. You will have to work extra hours on Saturdays and Sundays sometimes. Is that a problem?W: No, not at all. I'm used to working weekends.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. What is the woman's reason for coming?W: Good Morning. I'm here to apply for the customer service position.14. What is the most difficult thing for the woman in dealing with people?W: Well, I must admit I sometimes find it hard to deal with people who don't know what they want. They keep asking questions and can't make their minds up. Sometimes it can be quite frustrating.15. How does the woman think an aggressive customer can be handled?W: I think if customers are aggressive, it is probably because they are not satisfied with the service. In such cases, I would try my best to find out what their problems are and then solve them. Section BPassage OneLast year, Marion County raised prices everyone had to pay for services such as ordering divorce papers or getting a wedding license by about $11. In one case, the cost to file a business suit jumped from $53 to $300. Those increases in court costs are now paying for badly-needed repairs and improvements at Marion County's six courthouses, said Perry Township's Robin Stethem. "We desperately needed to do something", said Stethem, a 30-year veteran of the county court system. "We had air conditioners hanging out of the windows."Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. Why were the prices raised last year in Marion County? Prices were raised last year to pay for repairs and improvements at Marion County's six courthouses.17. How much did the filing cost for a business suit increase?The filing cost for a business suit increased from $53 to $300. 18. What was in poor condition at the Marion County's six courthouses?The courthouses were in poor condition.Passage TwoMost economists admit that one measure of a country's success is its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP is the most commonly used measure of output (产出) or production. It is the market value of all final goods and services produced within a country in a given time period (usually a year). However, there are some limitations with GDP as a measure of the well-being of a country. It does notreflect the amounts of leisure, environmental quality and personal freedom. Moreover, GDP includes mostly material goods rather than non-material goods like friendship, love and the enjoyment of leisure time. All these are important in providing a true measure of the standard of living and well-being of people in a country. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. How is GDP commonly used?GDP is commonly used as a measure of output or production. 20. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a limitation of GDP as a measure of the well-being of a country?GDP does not reflect the average income of the people.21. According to the speaker, what is important in providing。
2016年6月英语四级听力真题及答案详解和听力原文_第一套
2016年6月英语四级听力真题及答案详解和听力原文_第一套2016年6月英语四级听力真题及答案详解和听力原文第一套2016年6月英语四级听力真题第一套Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A)The International Labor Organization’s key objective.B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C)Rising unemployment worldwide.D)Global economic recovery.2. A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B)Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C)Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.D)Many countries need support to improve their people’s livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A)Serve standardized food nationwide.B)Put calorie information on the menu.C)Increase protein content in the food.D)Offer convenient food to customers.4. A)They will be fined. B)They will be closed. C)They will geta warning. D)They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A)Inability to implement their business plans.B)Inability to keep turning out novel products.C)Lack of a successful business model of their own.D)Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A)It is the secret to business success.B)It is the creation of something new.C)It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.D)It is an essential part of business culture.7. A)Its hardworking employees.B)Its flexible promotion strategy.C)Its innovation culture.D)Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)He’s got addicted to technology.B)He is not very good at socializing.C)He is crazy about text-messaging.D)He does not talk long on the phone.9. A)Talk big.B)Talk at length.C)Gossip a lot.D)Forget herself.10. A)He thought it was cool.B)He needed the practice.C)He wanted to stay connected with them.D)He had an urgent message to send.11. A)It poses a challenge to seniors.B)It saves both time and money.C)It is childish and unprofessional.D)It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A)He wants to change his job assignment.B)He is unhappy with his department manager.C)He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D)He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A)His workload was much too heavy.B)His immediate boss did not trust him.C)His colleagues often refused to cooperate.D)His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A)He never knows how to refuse.B)He is always ready to help others.C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.D)His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A)Put all his complaints in writing.B)Wait and see what happens next.C)Learn to say no when necessary.D)Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A)The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B)Reasons for Americans’decline in sleep.C)Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D)Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A)They are more health-conscious.B)They are changing their living habits.C)They get less and less sleep.D)They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A)Their weight will go down.B)Their mind function will deteriorate.C)Their work efficiency will decrease.D)Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A)How much you can afford to pay.B)What course you are going to choose.C)Which university you are going to apply to.D)When you are going to submit your application.20. A)The list of courses studied.B)The full record of scores.C)The references from teachers.D)The personal statement.21. A)Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B)Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D)Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A)It was equipped with rubber tyres.B)It was built in the late 19th century.C)It was purchased by the Royal family.D)It was designed by an English engineer.23. A)They consumed lots of petrol.B)They took two passengers only.C)They were difficult to drive.D)They often broke down.24. A)They were produced on the assembly line.B)They were built with less costly materials.C)They were modeled after British cars.D)They were made for ordinary use.25. A)It made news all over the world.B)It was built for the Royal family.C)It marked a new era in motor travel.D)It attracted large numbers of motorists.2016年6月英语四级听力真题答案解析第一套Part ⅡListening ComprehensionSection ANews Report One1.【答案】C.Rising unemployment worldwide.【解析】选项的表述和核心名词(key objective，basic social protection，unemployment和recovery)各不相同表明，本题可能考查新闻要点。
2016年6月英语四级听力
2016年6月英语四级听力Part II Listening Comprehension Section A News Report One 听力原文You probably think college students are experts at sleeping, but parties, preparations for tests, personal problems and general stress can wreck a student’s sleep habits, which can be bad for the body and the mind. Texas Tech University is even offering a class called “Improving Your Sleep Habits”. People suffering from sleep loss are at an increased risk from obesity, psychological problems and car crashes. Students who don’t get enough sleep have poor attendance and lower grades. On top of all that, a new study published in the journal Learning and Memory finds you are probably better off sleeping than making last-minute preparations for a test. 200 college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games. Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later, but they did much better after getting a good night’s sleep. So if you really want to do your job well, don’t forget to get some sleep. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. What is the news report mainly about? 2. What is the finding of the new study published in the journal Learning and Memory? 试题解析【话题分类】时事新闻【新闻大意】大学生睡眠不好会严重影响学习效率和身心健康；Texas Tech 大学甚至开设课程教授学生改善睡眠习惯，提高睡眠质量；新的一项研究也证明了提高睡眠质量的重要性。
大学英语四级听力模拟试题原文
大学英语四级听力模拟试题原文大学英语四级听力模拟试题原文及答案在词展开。
下面是店铺给大家整理的大学英语四级听力模拟试题原文，供大家参阅!2016年大学四级英语考试模拟题听力原文及答案Part I WritingI’m fond of delicious food myself. It’s my great pleasure to visit restaurants and enjoy variouskinds of foods with my friends on weekends. And, I’ve developed a keen taste of foods all over themetropolis Beijing. Therefore, I’m entitled to give you a tip on the most famous restaurant here inBeijing. For now, I’m proud to recommend Xizhimen Restaurant, which enjoys great popularityamong local Beijingers.The reasons why I put my finger on Xizhimen Restaurant as the most prestigious restaurant inthis city go as follows. Firstly, it provides its customers with a superb environment for having a meal,with great classical Chinese music, and occasionally with crosstalk performances. Secondly, therestaurant excels in offering foods with local features, which attract both local residents and foreignguests. Thirdly, it has a good location, at the center of the city, and it’s accessible by all kinds oftransportation, such as bus, subway or taxi.I’m certain that you will love the restaurant once you come and have a meal there. Maybe youfind the foods there are a lot different from foods back in your country. However, you’ll find themdelicious in taste and artistic in content and color of the dishes.Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A1. W: My birthday is coming soon. I wonder how my birthday party will go a few days later.M: Relax. I’ll see to it that everything is under control. What you do is just get prepared to enjoyyour time.Q: What does the man imply?2. W: Come on, Bill, help me with this. I want to reserve a mobile phone of the latest model on thisw ebsite. I’ve tried many times, but it seems I can’t get connected to the webpage for reservation.M: Why bother? Why not go to the mobile phone shop around the corner to get one?Q: What does the man most probably mean?3. M: Angela, it seems you’re headin g for that supermarket. You have many groceries to buy, don’tyou?W: Yes, a lot. I have to buy enough food for my husband and kids. I’m going on a business triptomorrow. I need to make some preparation for them.Q: What do we learn about the woman?4. W: Learning English words really gets me bored to death.I hope I can speak fluent English in a minute.M: Memorizing a considerable amount of English words is just the first step. You’ll have a longway to go before you can speak English fluently.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?5. W: Lionel, I thought you had turned in your term paper yesterday. But, I couldn’t find it in myinbox.M: I’m awfully sorry. I did send it at 12 o’clock yesterday. I’ll check my email account, to seewhether I have sent to a wrong email address. Anyway, I’ll see to it safe in your mail box.Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?6. M: I thought you would love soap operas produced in Korea. So, I downloaded some from theInternet for you. But, it seems you don’t like them.W: I’m thankful for what you’ve done for me. But, I have more important things to do, and I can’tafford to waste my time like watching those operas.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?7. M: I really enjoyed the movie we saw la st night. It’s the best movie I’ve ever seen in my entire life.W: It seems we have a rather different definition of “the best movie”.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?8. M: How many books should I buy for the class in the new term? There’re 35 s tudents on my list.W: You’d better wait. You may get an accurate number after the first class meeting. You know,perhaps, some of the students have got one second-hand book for themselves.Q: What are the two speakers talking about?Conversation OneM: Al l my life, I’ve been told that college life would be the best years of my life. I would havetotal control of my life. And to some extent, that’s so true.W: So, you must feel happy and satisfied with you college life. Am I right?M: Sort of. I eat what I want, when I want. If I feel like cleaning, I can choose to do it or not. Andmy bed is unmade more often it’s made.2013新东方大学英语四级考试模拟题一听力原文及答案1. B2. C3. D4. C5. B6. D7. C8. high-qualify consumer newsletters9. software or support10. put you ahead of other agents11. C 12. D 13. D 14.B 15. A 16. B 17.B 18. C19. C 20. B21. A22. D23.C24. A 25. A26. D 27. C 28. B 29. B30. B31. D 32. C33. C 34. D 35. D36) potentially 37) design 38) ban 39) tools 40) union 41) suspect 42) security 43) mixed44) A better way to manage phone use might be to develop strict policy at a local level.45) it would be better to trust the teacher with this decision rather than suggesting a blanket ban.46) To my knowledge these stories normally come from classrooms where these devices are banned.47. D 48. I 49. B 50. K 51.A 52. E 53. F 54. H 55. C 56. O57. C 58. B 59. C 60. A 61. C 62. C 63. C64. B65. A66. C67. A 68. C69. A70. C71. B72. C 73. C 74. D75. A76. B77. B 78. C 79. B80. A 81. B82. D 83. C 84. C85. B 86. C87. if only to attract more customers88. make myself heard89. hang on teachers’ every word90.was beyond his wildest dreams91. Given (the fact) that she is interested in children听力原文Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.M: Oh my goodness! The coldness is just unbearable here inBeijing. I wish we went toHong Kongfor this winter holiday instead.W: That’s true. But with the museums and libraries here I believe I’ll be more than happy in this city no matter how cold it is outside.Q: What does the woman mean?12. M: How’s the new semester going? I know you’re always the apple of your teachers’ eye.W: To be honest, I’m learning much knowledge this year, but I wish there could be some chances for meto apply them.Q: What does the woman want to do?13. M: Can you help me improve my pronunciation Olivia?W: No problem, but whatever you want to achieve here remember be careful not to overdo it and do it step by step. Last time I had tried to read aloud for two hours nonstop every morning in three days and, you know what, my throat hurts and I can even feel it now.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?14. M: My desk computer has been working quite well for the last three years. Alas, it didn’t work yesterday. I don’t know why.W: Forget it, Joe. It’s out of fashion now. And it’ll cost more to get it repaired than to get a new device. So why not try iPad.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?15. W: I’ve heard about your success in final exams, you must be satisfied with it.M: Yes, but not really, my scores are good, but there is a long way for me to go to be as good as the best student Joseph.Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?16. W: I can’t decide what to do about the concert tomorrow. Too much homework, you know.M: You don’t have to go if something more important catches y ou, but I’ll be glad to go together with you if you want to.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?17.W: Professor Grant suggested I work harder on my practical writing this semester.M: Well, that might help. Last semester you barely got by with a p assing score on practical writing. You’d better spend more time on it.Q: What does the man mean?18.W: Jeff, have you heard the latest gossip about restriction on buying private cars in some big cities? It appears it will extend to every city all over the country in future.3M: Oh, that’s right, but that’s none of my business. I’ve had one to my name.Q: How does the man feel about the gossip?Long conversation 1W: Social networking seems very popular among young people all over the world. It seems they can not carry on with their daily life without getting online.M: Yeah, that’s true. They email, chat online, find friendship, maybe even meet their loveson the Internet. In a word, they stay online all day long.W: Speaking of finding romance, I came across a matchmaking website designed specially for the disabled people the other day.M: Oh, isn’t it great for those with physical problems? Tell me more about it. Isn’t it very considerate of the website founder to start something like this?W: The CEO of this online dating site Ann Robbins decided to set up a website for singles with disabilities when a young man in a wheelchair came to her for matchmaking. You know, she realizes it’s impossible to match him with her usual clients. So she began to …M: But, we know it’s hard for the disabled to deal with tasks necessary in their daily life. It must be a challenge for them to find and love someone.W: Yes. But Robbins has taken many measures to cope with that. She managed to add some unique features to the dating site. Members can get one-on-one help with their profile, schedule an interview with the matchmaker, receive life coaching, date and relationship coaching, as well as submit questions to “Ask the Coach” via email. Answers are posted weekly on the site's blog.M: That will help a lot. It must have attracted many disabled singles. Right?Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you havejust heard.19. What do young people do when staying online?20. Why did Ann Robbins start a matchmaking website for the disabled?21. How may the website help the disabled singles to find love?22. What skill is required of the website members for matchmaking?Long conversation 2W: Have you noticed the increasing number of international students on our campus recently? It’s good to have them to promote diversity in students in our school.M: Yeah…. Well, as far as I know, things don’t stop there. According to the Association of American Universities, which represents large college campuses in the United States and Canada, 11 of its 61 American member institutions have foreign-born chiefs, up from 6 five years ago.W: That means we have more professors from foreign countries.M: Exactly. Actually they are born in foreign countries. According to the Association of American Universities again, those newly appointed university presidents mainly come fromIndia, thePhilippines, andIran.M: The world is definitely shrinking, huh? With the increasing number of international student sand professors on American campuses, how can we name this trend, the globalization of American higher education?W: That’s a good phrase for that phenomenon. It does give us the American students a stronger sense of being world citizens.M: Right, that’s actually one of the goals of highereducation.W: That’s what we are told since the start of college life. But, imagine, you wake up and find you are surrounded by international students and teachers, and we American students become the minority on campus, how do you feel about that?M: Certain ly, I’ll feel lost, I’ll feel I’m not inAmerica. I may ask myself, where isAmerica?W: I’ll have the same response if everyday I attend classes together with people who don’t look like me at all.M: Even worse, we may face fierce competition with them when it’s time for college graduates to find jobs in the real world.W: Who knows?! Let’s hurry up. The lecture starts soon.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. According to the Association of American Universities, what happened to its member institutions?24. According to the speakers, what is one of the goals of American higher education?25. What are the speakers worrying about the globalization of American universities?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneFor years governments inAustraliahave recognized twopromises to young people. One is that all young people should have the chance to finish 12 years of schooling or its vocational equivalent. The other is that all young people who have left school and want to work are able to do so.Australian governments have tried hard to meet these promises. But, governments are not fully meeting those. Each year one in three teenagers leaves school without finishing year 12 education. 5Some students later complete a year 12 equivalent education. But, one in five young Australians never completes this level of education. Also staying jobless is high among young people.Many young persons without a year 12 level of education will not switch successfully from education into work. That provides problems for the young persons themselves and for the society as well.About 270,000 teenagers leave school each year. Of these, about 86,000 students leave schools without completing year 12 education. Over 50,000 young people in each age group never complete year 12 equivalent education. This is really a high non-completion rate.Early school leavers are less likely to work. They are more likely to be unemployed than are year 12 leavers. About 42,000 early school leavers in 2000 were much underemployed and in low amounts of education.So, early school leavers are going through constant unemployment, higher unemployment rates, and lower incomes than do year 12 students.Questions 26 to 29are based on the passage you have just heard.26. How do Australian governments view the two promisesto young people?27. What may be true with young man with a year 12 education?28. What will happen to one without a year 12 level of education?29. What happened to early school leavers in 2000?Passage TwoBeen squinting a lot lately? Have to move your book six inches away from your eyes to read it? Vision problems pop up on you as you become older. But good habits can help keep your eyes healthy. Try these simple tips to protect your vision now and for years to come.Don't forget your shades. You need to avoid the sun's ultraviolet rays at every age. That's because the rays can cause eye diseases, increased nearsightedness, and skin cancer around the eyes.Wear sunglasses anytime you're outdoors or driving (keep a spare pair in your car), even if it's overcast —ultraviolet rays can do harm when it's cloudy, too.Enlarge the distance between your eyes and the monitor. Spending hours in front of a computer can cause tired, aching, and dry eyes, and possibly eyestrain headaches. Avoid these problems by placing your monitor as far as possible from your eyes, but not so far that you have to push your eyes too hard.Also, look away from the screen periodically to rest your eyes and change focus, and try a low-voltage floor lamp in place of bright overhead lights. A comfortable screen filter (available at most office-supply stores) may help, too.Work up a sweat. Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight help prevent diabetes, a chief cause of visionimpairment that may lead to blindness.“Doctors are diagnosing people in their 40s and 50s with diabetes in nearly increasing numbers,” says Scott Greenstei n, atHarvardMedicalSchool.Questions 30to 32are based on the passage you have just heard.30. Why are sunglasses recommended even in cloudy days?631. Which of the following measures could help improve one’s vision when working a computer?32. According to the passage, what is the relationship between body weight and vision?Passage ThreeIf you're merely posting your résumé online for open positions on job sites, you're not effectively job hunting. As a recent college graduate, you should be reaching out to every possible contact you can think of. Then, after you speak with your various contacts and notify them that you are on the job hunt...The secret for securing a job is: follow-up, follow-up, and follow-up!I'll give you an example of myself. While searching for my current position, a former teacher of mine told me to email a friend of hers to see whether he knew of any available positions.I emailed the gentleman on a Tuesday afternoon. A week went by and I never received a response. My first gut reaction was, “eh, he's not worth my time.” My second, more rational reaction was, “Well, perhaps he just didn't get the email or maybe he was just too busy to respond.” So, I wrote this man a follow-up email.Within three minutes of sending the follow-up email, my cell phone rang. It was my former teacher's friend. He asked me tocome to his office right away. Thanks to him, two weeks later I got my current job.Remember, just because the email you send or the voice-mail you leave for someone is on your priority list, it doesn't mean it's on their priority list. In fact, it most likely is not. However, you can greatly increase your chances of getting someone's attention by politely following-up with them.Questions 33to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. According to the passage, what’s the first step for one recent graduate to hunt for a job?34. What did the speaker decide to do after receiving no reply from the gentleman?35. What’s the key to following up in job hunting?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.I still find it strange that mobile phones would like to be re-classified as offensive weapons by some people.In my experience a (36) potentially offensive weapon would be something like chemicals in science or a chisel in (37) design and technology. But we don’t (38) ban these things fromschools —instead we teach and work with our children to use these (39) tools safely and responsibly. 7Of course a (40) union or local education authority could suggest that children just don’t bring their phones to school. But I (41) suspect that many parents would not be very happy about this for perceived safety and (42) security reasons.So instead we end up giving children (43) mixed messages. Students are allowed to bring their phones to school, because they are important, but they are not allowed to use them.(44) A better way to manage phone use might be to develop strict policy at a local level. This policy should put the decision of whether children should or shouldn’t be allowed to use mobile phones in class directly into the hands of the classroom teacher.I think (45) it would be better to trust the teacher with this decision rather than suggesting a blanket ban.Every year we hear some horror stories of children misusing mobile phones in class. (46) To my knowledge these stories normally come from classrooms where these devices are banned. Why don’t we start from a basis of trust, emphasize responsible, safe use and apply common sense to this issue?新东方大学英语四级考试模拟题二听力原文及答案1. B2. B3. C4. D5. D6. A7. C8. in the classroom9. corporate training10. train desk workers11.D 12. A 13. C 14.D 15. C 16. A 17.B 18. D19. C 20. A 21. A22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A26. C 27. A 28. B29.C 30. A 31. D32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B36.economists 37. measures 38. consume 39.plastics 40. estimated41. aware 42. frustrated 43. terrorists44. as long as that factorial difference of32 inconsumption rates still exists45. Governments of developing countries set a primary goal of increasing living standards46. It has the world’s fastest growing economy, and there are 1.3 billion Chinese, four times theUnited States’ population47. J 48. I 49. B 50. K 51.A 52. E 53. F 54. H 55. C 56. M57. A 58. B 59. B 60. D 61. C62. B 63. D 64. A 65. A 66. C67. A 68. C 69. A 70. B 71. A72. C 73. B 74. C 75. A 76. B77. D 78. B 79. A 80. C 81. A82. C 83. B 84. C 85. B 86. D87. could no longer put up with her employer88. or he or she will go nowhere89. cannot be overemphasized90. should have told me beforehand91. As had been originally plannedPart III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)大学英语四级听力模拟试题原文将本文的Word文档下载到电脑，方便收藏和打印推荐度：点击下载文档文档为doc格式。
2016英语四级样题听力原文及答案
Tape Script of Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.Kenyan police say one person was killed and 26 injured in an explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi. The blast hit a bus about to set off for the Ugandan capital Kampala. Last July, the Somali group al-Shabab said it was behind the blasts in the Ugandan capital which killed more than 70 people. Will Ross reports from the Kenyan capital.The explosion happened beside a bus which was about to set off for an overnight journey from Nairobi to the Ugandan capital Kampala. Some eyewitnesses report that a bag was about to be loaded on board, but it exploded during a security check. Windows of the red bus were left smashed, and blood could be seen on the ground beside the vehicle. Just hours earlier,Uganda’s police chief had warned of possible Christmas-time attacks by Somali rebels.1. What is the news report mainly about?2. When did the incident occur?Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.Woolworths is one of the best known names on the British High Street. It’s been in business nearly a century. Many of its 800 stores are likely to close following the company’s decision to call in administrators after an attempt to sell the business for a token £1 failed.The company has huge debts. The immediate cause for the collapse has been Britain’s slide toward recession, which has cut into consumer spending. However, the business had been in trouble for years.Known for low-priced general goods, Woolworths has struggled in the face of competition from supermarkets expanding beyond groceries and a new generation of internet retailers.Many of the store group’s 25,000 employees are likely to lose their jobs. Some profitable areas such as the DVD publishing business will survive.3. What do we learn about Woolworths from the news report?4. What did Woolworths attempt to do recently?Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.Cairo is known for its overcrowded roads, irregular driving practices and shaky old vehicles, but also for its air pollution. In recent months, though, environmental studies indicate there have been signs of improvement. That’s due in part to the removal of many of the capital’s old-fashioned black and white taxis. Most of these dated back to the 1960s and 70s and were in a poor state of repair.After new legislation demanded their removal from the roads, a low interest loan scheme was set up with three Egyptian banks so drivers could buy new cars. The government pays about $900 for old ones to be discarded and advertising on the new vehicles helps cover repayments.The idea has proved popular with customers ―they can now travel inair-conditioned comfort and because the new cabs are metered, they don’t have to argue over fares. Banks and car manufacturers are glad for the extra business in tough economic times. As for the taxi drivers, most are delighted to be behind the wheel of new cars, although there have been a few complaints about switching from black and white to a plain white colour.5. What change took place in Cairo recently?6. What helped bring about the change?7. Why do customers no longer argue with new cab drivers?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneW: Morning, this is TGC.M: Good morning. Walter Barry here, calling from London. Could I speak to Mr. Grand, please?W: Who’s calling, please?M: Walter Barry, from London.W: What is it about, please?M: Well, I understand that your company has a chemical processing plant. My own company, LCP, Liquid Control Products, is a leader in safety fromleaks in the field of chemical processing. I would like to speak to Mr. Grand to discuss ways in which we could help TGC protect itself from such problems and save money at the same time.W: Yes, I see. Well, Mr. Grand is not available just now.M: Can you tell me when I could reach him?W: He’s very busy for the next few days –then he’ll be away in New York. So it’s difficult to give you a time.M: Could I speak to someone else, perhaps?W: Who in particular?M: A colleague for example?W: You’re speaking to his personal assistant. I can deal with calls for Mr. Grand.M: Yes, well, could I ring him tomorrow?W: No, I’m sorry he won’t be free tomorrow. Listen, let me suggest something. You send us details of your products and services, together with references from other companies and then we’ll contact you.M: Yes, that’s very kind of you. I have your address.W: Very good, Mr….M: Barry. Walter Barry from LCP in London.W: Right, Mr. Barry. We look forward to hearing from you.M: Thank you. Goodbye.W: Bye.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What do we learn about the woman’s company?9. What do we learn about the man?10. What is the woman’s position in her company?11. What does the woman suggest the man do?Conversation TwoM: You’re going to wear out the computer’s keyboard!W: Oh, hi.M: Do you have any idea what time it is?W: About ten or ten-thirty?M: It’s nearly midnight.W: Really? I didn’t know it was so late.M: Don’t you have an early class to teach tomorrow morning?W: Yes, at seven o’clock. My commuter class, the students who go to work right after their lesson.M: Then you ought to go to bed. What are you writing, anyway?W: An article I hope I can sell.M: Oh, another of your newspaper pieces? What’s this one about?W: Do you remember the trip I took last month?M: The one up to the Amazon?W: Well, that’s what I’m writing about—the new highway and the changes it’s making in the Amazon valley.M: It should be interesting.W: It is. I guess that’s why I forgot all about the time.M: How many articles have you sold now?W: About a dozen so far.M: What kind of newspapers buy them?W: The papers that carry a lot of foreign news. They usually appear in the big Sunday editions where they need a lot of background stories to help fill up the space between the ads.M: Is there any future in it?W: I hope so. There’s a chance I may sell this article to a news service.M: Then your story would be published in several papers, wouldn’t it?W: That’s the idea. And I might even be able to do other stories on a regular basis.M: That would be great.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. What is the woman’s occupation?13. What is the woman writing about?14. Where do the woman’s articles usually appear?15. What does the woman expect?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneIn today’s class, we’ll discuss Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved. As I’m sure you all know, Morrison is both a popular and a highly respected author, and it’s not easy to be both. Born in 1931, Morrison has written some of the most touching and intelligent works on the African-American experience ever written by anyone, and yet to call her an “African-American writer”doesn’t seem to do her justice. In many ways, she’s simply an American writer—and certainly one of our best.Beloved is a truly remarkable work. It was recommended for nearly every major literary prize, including the National Book Award and the National Book Critics Circle Award, and it in fact won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1988. Morrison herself is distinguished for having won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993.What makes Beloved unique is the skillful, sure way in which Morrison blends intensely personal storytelling and American history, racial themes and gender themes, the experience of Blacks with the experience of all people everywhere, the down-to-earth reality of slavery with a sense of mysterious spirituality.We’ll be paying special attention to these themes as we discuss this work. I’m particularly interested in your views on the relative importance of race and gender in this book. Is it more important that Sethe, the main character, is black or that she’s a woman? Which contributes more to her being? What does Morrison tell us about both?Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What do we learn about Toni Morrison?17. What honor did Toni Morrison receive in 1993?18. What does the speaker tell us about Sethe, the main character in Morrison’s novel Beloved?Passage TwoThe topic of my talk today is gift-giving. Everybody likes to receive gifts, right? So you may think that gift-giving is a universal custom. But actually, the rules of gift-giving vary quite a lot, and not knowing them can result in greatembarrassment. In North America, the rules are fairly simple. If you’re invited to someone’s home for dinner, bring wine or flowers or a small item from your country. Among friends, family, and business associates, we generally don’t give gifts on other occasions except on someone’s birthday and Christmas. The Japanese, on the other hand, give gifts quite frequently, often to thank someone for their kindness. The tradition of gift-giving in Japan is very ancient. There are many detailed rules for everything from the color of the wrapping paper to the time of the gift presentation. And while Europeans don’t generally exchange business gifts, they do follow some formal customs when visiting homes, such as bringing flowers. The type and color of flowers, however, can carry special meaning.Today we have seen some broad differences in gift-giving. I could go on with additional examples. But let’s not miss the main point here: If we are not aware of and sensitive to cultural differences, the possibilities for miscommunication and conflict are enormous. Whether we learn about these differences by reading a book or by living abroad, our goal must be to respect differences among people in order to get along successfully with our global neighbors.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What does the speaker say about gift-giving of North Americans?20. What do we learn about the Japanese concerning gift-giving?21. What point does the speaker make at the end of the talk?Passage ThreeHetty Green was a very spoilt, only child. She was born in Massachusetts, USA, in 1835. Her father was a millionaire businessman. Her mother was often ill, and so from the age of two her father took her with him to work and taught her about stocks and shares. At the age of six she started reading the daily financial newspapers and opened her own bank account.Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited $7.5 million. She went to New York and invested on Wall Street. Hetty saved every penny, eating in the cheapest restaurants for 15 cents. She became one of the richest and most hated women in the world. At 33 she married Edward Green, amulti-millionaire, and had two children, Ned and Sylvia.Hetty’s meanness was well known. She always argued about prices in shops. She walked to the local grocery store to buy broken biscuits which were much cheaper, and to get a free bone for her much loved dog. Once she lost a two-cent stamp and spent the night looking for it. She never bought clothes and always wore the same long, ragged black skirt. Worst of all, when her son Ned fell and injured his knee, she refused to pay for a doctor and spent hours looking for free medical help. In the end Ned lost his leg.When she died in 1916 she left her children $100 million. Her daughter built a hospital with her money.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. What do we learn about Hetty Green as a child?23. How did Hetty Green become rich overnight?24. Why was Hetty Green much hated?25. What do we learn about Hetty’s daughter?Part II Listening ComprehensionSection A1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. A7. CSection B8. D9. B10. B11. C12. A13. B14. C15. D Section C16. A17. B18. D19. D20. C21. B22. B23. A24. D25. CPart III Reading Comprehension Section A36. E 37. C 38. O 39. H 40. M 41. N 42. J 43.K 44.I 45. F Section B46. D 47. C 48.I 49.E 50. C 51. H 52. G 53.F 54.A 55. I Section C56. A 57. D 58.C 59.D 60. B 61. D 62. B 63.C 64.A 65. BPart IV TranslationPaper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts. Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years. It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings. During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere. The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity. Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.。
2016-12-CET4 真题听力 (第1套)原文
2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)听力原文短篇新闻2 Section A - 1A 16th century castle in Scotland is close to collapsing after lumps of soils were washed away by floods, threatening its foundations. (1) On Sunday, the castle’s owner John Gordon, 76, was forced to move out his property after the River Dee swept away about 60 feet of land, leaving the castle dangerous close to the river, according to the Scottish Daily Record.Abergeldie castle located in Aberdeenshire, Scotland was built by Sir Alexander Gordon of Midmar who later became the Earl of Huntly. The castle which is located on 11,700 acres was leased to members of the royal family between 1848 and 1970, including King Edward VII and George V. (2) The Scottish Environment Protection Agency has issued more than 35 flood warnings covering several regions, as Scotland continues to clean up the after Storm Frank hit the country last Wednesday. “This means that rivers will rise more slowly, but then stay high for much longer.” the environmental agency said.Q1. Why did John Gordon move out of Abergeldie castle?Q2. What happened in Scotland last Wednesday?短篇新闻2 Section A - 2(3) Rescue efforts were underway Thursday morning for 17 miners who were stuck in an elevator below ground at a Cargill rock salt mine near Lansing, New York, according to Marcia Lynch, public information officer with Tompkins County’s emergency response department.Emergency workers have made contact with the miners via a radio. And they all appear to be uninjured, said Jessica Verfuss, the emergency department’s assistant director.(4) Crews have managed to provide heat packs and blankets to the miners so that they can keep warm during the rescue operation, Verfuss said. Details about what led to the workers’ being trapped in the elevator went immediately available. The mine, along New York’s Cayuga Lake, processes salt used for road treatment. It produces about 2 million tons of salt that is shipped to more than 1,500 places in the northeastern United States, the rock salt mine is one of three operated by Cargill with the other two in Louisiana and Ohio.Q3. What does the news report say about the salt miners?Q4.What did the rescue team do?短篇新闻3 Section A - 3(5) The U.S. Postal Service announced today that it is considering closing about 3,700 post offices over the next year because of falling revenues.Facing an $8.3 billion budget deficit this year, closing post officers is one of several proposals the Postal Service has put forth recently to cut costs. (6)Last week, for example, Postmaster General Pat Donahoe announced plans to stop mail delivery on Saturdays, a move he says could save $3 billion annually.“We are losing revenue as we speak,”Donahoe said. “We do not want taxpayermoney. We want to be self-sufficient. So like any other business you have to make choices.”Dean Granholm the vice president for delivery and post office operations said the first waves of closings would begin this fall. (7) He estimated that about 3,000 postmasters, 500 station managers and between 500 and 1,000 postal clerks could lose their jobs.Q5.What is the U.S. Postal Service planning to do?Q6.What measure has been planned to save costs?Q7.What will happen when the proposed measure come into effect?Conversation 1A: Mrs. Hampton, we've got trouble in the press room this morning.B: Oh dear. What about?A: One of the press operators arrived an hour and a half late.B: (8) But that's a straightforward affair. He will simply lose part of his pay. That's why we have a clock-in system.A: But the point is the man was clocked-in at 8 o'clock. We have John standing by the time clock, and he swears he saw nothing irregular.B: (9) Is John reliable?A: Yes, he is. That's why we chose him for the job.B: Have you spoken to the man who was late?A: Not yet. I thought I'd have a word with you first. He's a difficult man, and I think there's been some trouble on the shop floor. I've got a feeling that trade union representative is behind this. The manager told me that Jack Green's been very active around the shop the last few days.B: Well, what do you want me to do?A: (10) I was wondering if you'd see Smith, the man who was late, because you are so much better at handling things like this.B: Oh, alright. I'll see him. I must say I agree with you about there being bad feelings in the works. (11) I've had the idea for some time that Jack Green's been busy stirring things up in connection with the latest wage claim. He's always trying to make trouble. Well, I'll get the manager to send Smith up here.Q8. What will happen to the press operator who was late for the work according to the woman?Q9. What does the man say about John who stands by the time clock?Q10. Why does the man suggest the woman see the worker who was late?Q11. What does the woman say about Jack Green?Conversation 2A: Our topic today is about something that foreigners nearly always say when they visit Britain. It's 'Why are the British so cold?' (12) And they're talking about the British personality –the famous British 'reserve'. It means that we aren't very friendly, we aren't very open.B: So do you think it's true?A: It's a difficult one. (12)So many people who visit Britain say it's difficult to make friends with British people. They say we're cold, reserved, unfriendly...B: I think it's true. Look at Americans or Australians. They speak the same language, but they're much more open. And you see it when you travel, people - I mean strangers - speak to you on the street or on the train. (13) British people seldom speak on the train. Or the bus. Not in London, anyway.A: 'Not in London'. That's it. Capital cities are full of tourists and are never very friendly. People are different in other parts of the country.B: Not completely. (14) I met a woman once, an Italian. She's been working in Manchester for two years, and no one - not one of her colleagues - had ever invited her to their home. They were friendly to her at work, but nothing else. She couldn't believe it. She said that would never happen in Italy.A: You know what they say –“an Englishman’s home is his castle”. It’s really difficult to get inside.B: Yeah. (15) It's about being private. You go home to your house and your garden and you close the door. It's your place.A: (15) That's why the British don't like flats. They prefer to live in houses.B: That’s true.Q12. What do foreigners generally think of British people according to the woman?Q13. What may British people typically do one the train according to the man?Q14. What does the man say about the Italian woman working in Manchester?Q15. Why do British people prefer houses to flats?Passage OneIn college, time is scarce, and consequently, very precious. At the same time, expenses in college pile up surprisingly quickly. A part time job is a good way to balance costs while ensuring there is enough time left over for both academic subjects and after-class activities.If you are a college student looking for a part time job, the best place to start your job search is right on campus. (16) There are tons of on-campus job opportunities, and as a student, you’ll automatically be given hiring priority.Plus, on-campus jobs eliminate commuting time, and could be a great way to connect with academic and professional resources at your university. (17) Check with your school’s career service or employment office for help to find a campus job. Of course, there are opportunities for part-time work off-campus, too. If you spend a little time digging for the right part time jobs, you’ll save yourself time when you find a job that leaves you with enough time to get your school work done, too.(18) If you are a college student looking for work but worry you won’t have enough time to devote to academic subjects, consider working as a study hall or a library monitor. Responsibilities generally include supervising study spaces to ensure that a quiet atmosphere is maintained.It’s a pretty easy job, but one with lots of downtime-which means you will have plenty of time to catch up on reading, do homework or study for an exam.Q16: What does the speaker say about college students applying for on-campus jobs? Q17: What can students do to find a campus job according to the speaker?Q18: What does the speaker say is a library monitor’s responsibility?Passage TwoAgricultural workers in green tea fields near Mt. Kenya are gathering the tea leaves. It is beautiful to see. The rows of tea bushes are straight. All appears to be well. But the farmers who planted the bushes are worried. Nelson Kibara is one of them. He has been growing tea in the Kerugoya area for 40 years.(19) He says the prices this year have been so low that he has made almost no profit. He says he must grow different kinds of tea if he is to survive.Mr. Kibara and hundreds of other farmers have been removing some of their tea bushes and planting a new kind of tea developed by the Tea Research Foundation of Kenya. Its leaves are purple and brown. When the tea is boiled, the drink has a purple color. (19/20) Medical researchers have studied the health benefits of the new tea. They say it is healthier than green tea and could be sold for a price that is three to four times higher than the price of green tea.But Mr. Kibara says he has not received a higher price for his purple tea crop.(21) He says the market for the tea is unstable and he is often forced to sell his purple tea for the same price as green tea leaves. He says there are not enough buyers willing to pay more for the purple tea.Q19. Why have tea farmers in Kenya decided to grow purple tea?Q20. What do researchers say about purple tea?Q21. What does Mr. Kibara find about purple tea?Passage Three(22) Today's consumers want beautiful handcrafted s to wear and to have for their home environment. They prefer something unique and they demand quality. Craftsmen today are meeting this demand. People and homes are showing great change as more and more unique handcrafted items become available.Handcrafts are big business. (23) No long does a good craftsman have to work in a job he dislikes all day and then try to create at night. He has earned his professional status. He is now a respected member of society. Parts of the fun of being a craftsman is meeting other craftsmen. They love to share their ideas and materials and help others find markets for their work.(24) Craftsmen have helped educate consumers to make wise choices. They help them become aware of design and technique. They help them relate their choice to its intended use. They often involve consumers in trying the craft themselves.When a group of craftsmen expends to include more members, a small craft organization is formed. Such an organization does a lot in training workshops in special media, craft marketing techniques, craft fairs and sales, festivals, TV appearances and demonstrations. (25) State art councils help sponsor local arts andcrafts festivals which draw crowds of tourist consumers. This boosts the local economy considerably because tourists not only buy crafts, but they also use the restaurants and hotels and other services of the area.Q22. What does the speaker say about today's consumers?Q23. What does the speaker say about a good craftsman in the past?Q24. What do craftsmen help consumers do?Q25. Why do state art councils help sponsor local arts and crafts festivals?。
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题、听力原文及参考答案(第2套)
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any other family member upon making a memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The International Labour Organization's key objective.B) The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C) Rising unemployment worldwide.D) Global economic recovery.2. A) Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B) Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C) Few countries have realised the seriousness of the current crisis.D) Many countries need support to improve their people's livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Serve standardised food nationwide.C) Increase protein content in the food.B) Put calorie information on the menu.D) Offer convenient food to customers.4. A) They will be fined. C) They will get a warning.B) They will be closed.D) They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Inability to implement their business plans.B) Inability to keep turning out novel products.C) Lack of a successful business model of their own.D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A) It is the secret to business success. C) It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.B) It is the creation of something new.D) It is an essential part of business culture.7. A) Its hardworking employees. C) Its innovation culture.B) Its flexible promotion strategy. D) Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He's got addicted to technology. C) He is crazy about text-messaging.B) He is not very good at socializing.D) He does not talk long on the phone.9. A) Talk big.C) Gossip a lot.B) Talk at length. D) Forget herself.10. A) He thought it was cool. C) He wanted to stay connected with them.B) He needed the practice.D) He had an urgent message to send.11. A) It poses a challenge to seniors. C) It is childish and unprofessional.B) It saves both time and money. D) It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.B) He is unhappy with his department manager.C) He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D) He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A) His workload was much too heavy. C) His colleagues often refused to cooperate.B) His immediate boss did not trust him. D) His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A) He never knows how to refuse.C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.B) He is always ready to help others.D) His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A) Put all his complaints in writing. C) Learn to say no when necessary.B) Wait and see what happens next.D) Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B) Reasons for Americans' decline in sleep.C) Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D) Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A) They are more health-conscious. C) They get less and less sleep.B) They are changing their living habits. D) They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A) Their weight will go down. C) Their work efficiency will decrease.B) Their mind function will deteriorate.D) Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) How much you can afford to pay.B) What course you are going to choose.C) Which university you are going to apply to.D) When you are going to submit your application.20. A) The list of courses studied.C) The references from teachers.B) The full record of scores. D) The personal statement.21. A) Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B) Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C) Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D) Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It was equipped with rubber tyres.C) It was purchased by the Royal family.B) It was built in the late 19th century.D) It was designed by an English engineer.23. A) They consumed lots of petrol. C) They were difficult to drive.B) They took two passengers only.D) They often broke down.24. A) They were produced on the assembly line. C) They were modeled after British cars.B) They were built with less costly materials. D) They were made for ordinary use.25. A) It made news all over the world. C) It marked a new era in motor travel.B) It was built for the Royal family. D) It attracted large numbers of motorists.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children 26 every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the case in the "good old days", and most older people do not feel 27 .About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have28 contact with their children. About 75% of elderly parents who don't go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children.However, 29 having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be 30 , however, as ill health often makes older people more 31 and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, 32 spirits.Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious 33 , they are likely to enjoy each other's company. Disagreements on such matters can 34 cause problems. If parents are angered by their daughter's divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raisingSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?A) For many years I have studied global agricultural, population, environmental and economic trends and their interactions. The combined effects of those trends and the political tensions they generate point to the breakdown of governments and societies. Yet I, too, have resisted the idea that food shortages could bring down not only individual governments but also our global civilization.B) I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.C) As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states.D) States fail when national governments can no longer provide personal security, food security and basic social services such as education and health care. When governments lose their control on power, law and order begin to disintegrate. After a point, countries can become so dangerous that food relief workers are no longer safe and their programs are halted. Failing states are of international concern because they are a source of terrorists, drugs, weapons and refugees (难民) threatening political stability everywhere.E) The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008 --and the threat they pose to food security -- has a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past. During the second half of the 20th century, grain prices rose dramatically several times. In 1972, for instance, the Soviets, recognizing their poor harvest early, quietly cornered the world wheat market. As a result, wheat prices elsewhere more than doubled, pulling rice and corn prices up with them. But this and other price shocks were event-driven -- drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S. Corn Belt. And the rises were short-lived: prices typically returned to normal with the next harvest.F) In contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion (转向) of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.G) As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels.A fourth of this year's U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars.H) What about supply? The three environmental trends -- the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures -- are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% of the world's fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables (地下水位) in countries with half the world's people, including the three big grain producers -- China, India and the U.S.I) As water tables have fallen and irrigation wells have gone dry, China's wheat crop, the world's largest, has declined by 8% since it peaked at 123 million tons in 1997. But water shortages are even more worrying in India. Millions of irrigation wells have significantly lowered water tables in almost every state.J) As the world's food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left for export.K) In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is evenleading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.L) Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world's population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these -- the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families.M) For many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.36. The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products.37. Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages.38. Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortages now constitute the main threat to world security.39. Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation of family planning.40. The author has come to agree that food shortages could ultimately lead to the collapse of world civilization.41. Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstacle to boosting the world's grain production.42. The cost for saving our civilization would be considerably less than the world's current military spending.43. To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.44. Environmental problems must be solved to ease the current global food shortage.45. A quarter of this year's American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions -- including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving -- started to dull as early as age 27.Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.On the other hand, indicators of a person's accumulated knowledge -- like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge --kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people's minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse."These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one's abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases," Salthouse said in a news release.The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years.The tests are designed to detect subtle(细微的) changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition(认知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia (痴呆), according to the researchers."By following individuals over time," Salthouse said, "we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline."The researchers are currently analyzing the study participants' health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.46. What is the common view of mental function?A) It varies from person to person.C) It gradually expands with age.B) It weakens in one's later years.D) It indicates one's health condition.47. What does the new study find about mental functions?A) Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.B) They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.C) They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.D) Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.48. What does Timothy Salthouse say about people's minds in most cases?A) They tend to decline in people's later years.B) Their flexibility determines one's abilities.C) They function quite well even in old age.D) Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.49. Although people's minds may function less flexibly as they age, theyA) may be better at solving puzzlesB) can memorize things with more easeC) may have greater facility in abstract reasoningD) can put what they have learnt into more effective use50. According to Salthouse, their study may help us ________.A) find ways to slow down our mental declineB) find ways to boost our memoriesC) understand the complex process of mental functioningD) understand the relation between physical and mental healthPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The most important thing in the news last week was the rising discussion in Nashville about the educational needs of children. The shorthand(简写) educators use for this is "pre-K" --meaning instruction before kindergarten --and the big idea is to prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be ready to succeed on their K-12 journey.But it gets complicated. The concept has multiple forms, and scholars and policymakers argue about the shape, scope and cost of the ideal program.The federal Head Start program, launched 50 years ago, has served more than 30 million children. It was based on concepts developed at Vanderbilt University's Peabody College by Susan Gray, the legendary pioneer in early childhood education research.A new Peabody study of the Tennessee V oluntary Pre-K program reports that pre-K works, but the gains are not sustained through the third grade. It seems to me this highlights quality issues in elementary schools more than pre-K, and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-K with all the other issues related to educating a child.Pre-K is controversial. Some critics say it is a luxury and shouldn't be free to families able to pay. Pre-K advocates insist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with the rest of the child's schooling. I lean toward the latter view.This is, in any case, the right conversation to be having now as Mayor Megan Barry takes office. She was the first candidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming. The important thing is for all of us to keep in mind the real goal and the longer, bigger picture.The weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K that early intervention (干预) works. What government has not yet found is the political will to put that understanding into full practice with a sequence of smart schooling that provides the early foundation.For this purpose, our schools need both the talent and the organization to educate each child who arrives at the schoolhouse door. Some show up ready, but many do not at this critical time when young brains are developing rapidly.51. What does the author say about pre-kindergarten education?A) It should cater to the needs of individual children.B) It is essential to a person's future academic success.C) Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.D) Parents regard it as the first phase of children's development.52. What does the new Peabody study find?A) Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.B) The third grade marks a new phase of learning.C) The third grade is critical to children's development.D) Quality has not been the top concern of pre-K programs,53. When does the author think pre-K works the best?A) When it is accessible to kids of all families.B) When it is made part of kids' education.C) When it is no longer considered a luxury.D) When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.54. What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?A) She knows the real goal of education.C) She has once run a pre-K program.B) She is a mayor of insight and vision. D) She is a firm supporter of pre-K.55. What does the author think is critical to kids' education?A) Teaching method. C) Early intervention.B) Kids' interest. D) Parents' involvement.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(martial arts)的俗称。
2016年12月四级听力原文第一套
College English Test Band FourPart Ⅱ Listening ComprehensionSection ANews Report OneA 16th century castle in Scotland is close to collapsing after lumps of soil were washed away by floods,threatening its foundations.On Sunday,the castle's owner John Gordon, 76,was forced to move out of his property after the River Dee swept away about 60 feet of land,leaving the castle dangerously close to the river,according to the Scottish Daily Record. Abergeldie Castle,located in Aberdeenshire,Scotland,was built by Sir Alexander Gordon of Midmar who later became the Earl of Huntly.The castle, which is located on 11,700 acres, was leased to members of the royal family between 1848 and 1970,including King Edward VII and George V.The Scottish Environment Protection Agency has issued more than 35 flood warningscovering several regions,as Scotland continues to clean upafter Storm Frank hit the country last Wednesday."This means that rivers will rise more slowly,but then stay high for much longer,"the environmental agency said.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news reportyou have just heard.1. Why did John Gordon move out of Abergeldie Castle?2. What happened in Scotland last Wednesday?News Report TwoRescue efforts were underway Thursday morning for 17 miners who were stuck in an elevator below ground at Cargill rock salt mine near Lansing, New York,according to Marcia Lynch,public information officer with Tompkins County's emergency response department.Emergency workers have made contact with the miners via a radio,and they all appear to be uninjured,said Jessica Verfuss,the emergency department's assistant director.Crews have managed to provide heat packs and blankets to the miners so that they can keep warm during the rescue operation,Verfuss said.Details about what led tothe workers' being trapped in the elevator weren't immediately available.The mine, along New York's Cayuga Lake,processes salt used for road treatment.It produces about 2 million tons of salt that is shipped to more than 1,500 places in the northeastern United States. The rock salt mine is one of three operated by Cargill with the other twoin Louisiana and Ohio. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news reportyou have just heard.3. What does the news report say about the salt miners?4. What did the rescue team do? News Report ThreeThe U.S.Postal Service announced todaythat it is considering closingabout 3,700 post offices over the next yearbecause of falling revenues.Facing an $8.3 billion budget deficit this year, closing post offices is one of several proposalsthe Postal Service has put forth recently to cut st week, for example,Postmaster General Pat Donahoe announced plansto stop mail delivery on Saturdays,a move he says could save $3 billion annually."We are losing revenue as we speak,"Donahoe said."We do not want taxpayer money.We want to be self-sufficient. So like any other business,you have to make choices."Dean Granholm,the vice president for deliveryand post office operations,said the first wave of closingswould begin this fall.He estimated that about 3,000 postmasters,500 station managers andbetween 500 and 1,000 postal clerkscould lose their jobs.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news reportyou have just heard.5. What is the U.S.Postal Service planning to do?6. What measure has been planned to save costs?7. What will happen when the proposed measurecomes into effect?Section BConversation OneM: Mrs.Hampton, we've got trouble in the press room this morning.W: Oh dear, what about?M: One of the press operators arrived an hour and a half late.W: But that's a straightforward affair. He will simply lose part of his pay. That's why we have a clock-in system.M: But the point is the man was clocked inat 8 o'clock.We have John standing by the time clock,and he swears he saw nothing irregular.W: Is John reliable?M: Yes, he is.That's why we chose him for the job.W: Have you spoken to the man who was late?M: Not yet.I thought I'd have a word with you first.He's a difficult man,and I think there's been some troubleon the shop floor.I've got a feeling that trade union representative is behind this.The manager told me thatJack Green's been very active around the shop the last few days.W: Well, what do you want me to do?M: I was wondering if you'd see Smith—the man who was late—because you are so much better at handling things like this.W: Oh, alright.I'll see him.I must say I agree with youabout there being bad feelings in the works.I've had the idea for some timethat Jack Green's been busy stirring things up in connection with the latest wage claim.He's always trying to make trouble.Well, I'll get the manager to send Smith up here.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What will happen to the press operatorwho was late for work according to the woman?9. What does the man say about John who stands by the time clock?10. Why does the man suggest the woman see the worker who was late?11. What does the woman say about Jack Green?Conversation TwoW: Our topic today is about something that foreigners nearly always say when they visit Britain.It's "Why are the British so cold?"And they're talking aboutthe British personality—the famous British “reserve”.It means that we aren't very friendly...we aren't very open.M: So, do you think it's true?W: It's a difficult one.So many people who visit Britain sayit's difficult to make friendswith British people.They say we're cold, reserved,unfriendly...M: I think it's true. Look at Americans or Australians.They speak the same language,but they're much more open.And you see it when you travel,people—I mean strangers—speak toyou on the street or on the train.British people seldom speak on the train,or the bus.Not in London, anyway.W: "Not in London". That's it.Capital cities are full of touristsand are never friendly.People are different in other parts of the country.M: Not completely.I met a woman once, an Italian. She'd been working in Manchester for two years,and no one—not one of her colleagues—had ever invited her to their home.They were friendly to her at work,but nothing else.She couldn't believe it.She said that would never happen in Italy.W: You know what they say—"an Englishman's home is his castle".It's really difficult to get inside.M: Yeah. It's about being private.Y ou go home to your house and your garden and you close the door.It's your place.W: That's why the British don't like flats.They prefer to live in houses.M: That's true.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversationyou have just heard.12. What do foreigners generally think of British people according to the woman?13. What may British people typically do on a train according to the man?14. What does the man say about the Italian woman working in Manchester?15. Why do British people prefer houses to flats?Section CPassage OneIn college, time is scarce,and consequently, very precious.At the same time,expenses in college pile up surprisingly quickly.A part-time job is a good wayto balance costs while ensuring there is enough time left overfo both academic subjectsand after-class activities.If you are a college studentlooking for a part-time job,the best place to start your job searchis right on campus.There are tons of on-campus job opportunities,and as a student,you'll automatically be given hiring priority.Plus, on-campus jobs eliminate commuting time,and could be a great wayto connect with academic and professional resources at your university. Check with your school's careers serviceor employment office for helpto find a campus job. Of course, there are opportunitiesfor part-time work off-campus, too.If you spend a little timedigging for the right part-time jobs,you’ll save yourself time—when you find a job thatleaves you with enough time—to get your school work done, too.If you are a college tudentlooking for work but worriedyou won't have enough timeto devote to academic ubjects,consider working as a study hallor library monitor.Responsibilities generally include supervising study spaces to ensurethat a quiet atmosphere is maintained.It's a pretty easy job,but one with lots of downtime—which means you’ll have plenty of timeto catch up on eading,do homework or study for an exam.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passageyou have just heard.16. What does the speaker say about college students applying for on-campus jobs?17. What can students do to find a campus job according to the speaker?18. What does the speaker say is a library monitor's responsibility?Passage TwoAgricultural workers in green tea fields near Mt.Kenya are gathering the tea leaves.It is beautiful to see. The rows of tea bushes are straight. All appears to be well.But the farmers who planted the bushesare worried.Nelson Kibara is one of them.He has been growing tea in the Kerugoya areafor 40 years.He says the prices this yearhave been so low that he has made almost no profit.He says he must grow different kinds of teaif he is to survive.Mr.Kibara and hundreds of other farmershave been removing some of their tea bushesand planting a new kind of teadeveloped by the Tea Research Foundation of Kenya.Its leaves are purple and brown.When the tea is boiled,the drink has a purple color. Medical researchers have studiedthe health benefits of the new tea.They say it is healthier than green teaand could be sold for a pricethat is three to four timeshigher than the price of green tea.But Mr.Kibara sayshe has not received a higher pricefor his purple tea crop.He says the market for the tea is unstable.And he is often forcedto sell his purple teafor the same price as green tea leaves.He says there are not enough buyerswilling to pay more for the purple tea.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passageyou have just heard19. Why have tea farmers in Kenyadecided to grow purple tea?20. What do researchers say about purple tea?21. What does Mr.Kibara find about purple tea?Passage ThreeToday's consumers want beautifulhandcrafted objects to wearand to have for their home environment.They prefer something uniqueand they demand quality.Craftsmen today are meeting this demand.People and homes are showing great changeas more and more unique handcrafted itemsbecome available.Handicrafts are big business.No longer does a good craftsman haveto work in a job he dislikes all day,and then tries to create at night.He has earned his professional status.He is now a respected member of society.Part of the fun of being a craftsmanis meeting other craftsmen.They love to share their ideas and materialsand help others find markets for their work.Craftsmen have helped educate consumersto make wise choices.They help them becomeaware of design and technique.They help them relate their choiceto its intended use.They often involve consumersin trying the craft themselves. When a group of craftsmenexpands to include more members,a small craft organization is formed.Such an organization does a lotin training workshops in special media,crafts marketing techniques,crafts fairs and sales, festivals,TV appearances and demonstrations. State art councils help sponsor local artsand crafts festivalswhich draw crowds of tourist consumers.This boosts the local economy considerablybecause tourists not only buy crafts, but they also use the restaurantsand hotels and other services of the area.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passageyou have just heard.22. What does the speaker sayabout today's consumers?23. What does the speaker sayabout good craftsmen in the past?24. What do craftsmen help consumers do?25. Why do state art councils helpsponsor local arts and crafts festivals?This is the end of listening comprehension.。
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题、听力原文及参考答案(第2套)
2016年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any other family member upon making a memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) The International Labour Organization's key objective.B) The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C) Rising unemployment worldwide.D) Global economic recovery.2. A) Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B) Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C) Few countries have realised the seriousness of the current crisis.D) Many countries need support to improve their people's livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Serve standardised food nationwide.C) Increase protein content in the food.B) Put calorie information on the menu.D) Offer convenient food to customers.4. A) They will be fined. C) They will get a warning.B) They will be closed.D) They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Inability to implement their business plans.B) Inability to keep turning out novel products.C) Lack of a successful business model of their own.D) Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A) It is the secret to business success. C) It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.B) It is the creation of something new.D) It is an essential part of business culture.7. A) Its hardworking employees. C) Its innovation culture.B) Its flexible promotion strategy. D) Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He's got addicted to technology. C) He is crazy about text-messaging.B) He is not very good at socializing.D) He does not talk long on the phone.9. A) Talk big.C) Gossip a lot.B) Talk at length. D) Forget herself.10. A) He thought it was cool. C) He wanted to stay connected with them.B) He needed the practice.D) He had an urgent message to send.11. A) It poses a challenge to seniors. C) It is childish and unprofessional.B) It saves both time and money. D) It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He wants to change his job assignment.B) He is unhappy with his department manager.C) He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D) He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A) His workload was much too heavy. C) His colleagues often refused to cooperate.B) His immediate boss did not trust him. D) His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A) He never knows how to refuse.C) His boss has a lot of trust in him.B) He is always ready to help others.D) His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A) Put all his complaints in writing. C) Learn to say no when necessary.B) Wait and see what happens next.D) Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B) Reasons for Americans' decline in sleep.C) Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D) Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A) They are more health-conscious. C) They get less and less sleep.B) They are changing their living habits. D) They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A) Their weight will go down. C) Their work efficiency will decrease.B) Their mind function will deteriorate.D) Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) How much you can afford to pay.B) What course you are going to choose.C) Which university you are going to apply to.D) When you are going to submit your application.20. A) The list of courses studied.C) The references from teachers.B) The full record of scores. D) The personal statement.21. A) Specify what they would like to do after graduation.B) Describe in detail how much they would enjoy studying.C) Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.D) Emphasize that they admire the professors in the university.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It was equipped with rubber tyres.C) It was purchased by the Royal family.B) It was built in the late 19th century.D) It was designed by an English engineer.23. A) They consumed lots of petrol. C) They were difficult to drive.B) They took two passengers only.D) They often broke down.24. A) They were produced on the assembly line. C) They were modeled after British cars.B) They were built with less costly materials. D) They were made for ordinary use.25. A) It made news all over the world. C) It marked a new era in motor travel.B) It was built for the Royal family. D) It attracted large numbers of motorists.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children 26 every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the case in the "good old days", and most older people do not feel 27 .About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have28 contact with their children. About 75% of elderly parents who don't go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children.However, 29 having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be 30 , however, as ill health often makes older people more 31 and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, 32 spirits.Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious 33 , they are likely to enjoy each other's company. Disagreements on such matters can 34 cause problems. If parents are angered by their daughter's divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raisingSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?A) For many years I have studied global agricultural, population, environmental and economic trends and their interactions. The combined effects of those trends and the political tensions they generate point to the breakdown of governments and societies. Yet I, too, have resisted the idea that food shortages could bring down not only individual governments but also our global civilization.B) I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.C) As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states.D) States fail when national governments can no longer provide personal security, food security and basic social services such as education and health care. When governments lose their control on power, law and order begin to disintegrate. After a point, countries can become so dangerous that food relief workers are no longer safe and their programs are halted. Failing states are of international concern because they are a source of terrorists, drugs, weapons and refugees (难民) threatening political stability everywhere.E) The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008 --and the threat they pose to food security -- has a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past. During the second half of the 20th century, grain prices rose dramatically several times. In 1972, for instance, the Soviets, recognizing their poor harvest early, quietly cornered the world wheat market. As a result, wheat prices elsewhere more than doubled, pulling rice and corn prices up with them. But this and other price shocks were event-driven -- drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S. Corn Belt. And the rises were short-lived: prices typically returned to normal with the next harvest.F) In contrast, the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion (转向) of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.G) As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels.A fourth of this year's U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars.H) What about supply? The three environmental trends -- the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures -- are making it increasingly hard to expand the world's grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% of the world's fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables (地下水位) in countries with half the world's people, including the three big grain producers -- China, India and the U.S.I) As water tables have fallen and irrigation wells have gone dry, China's wheat crop, the world's largest, has declined by 8% since it peaked at 123 million tons in 1997. But water shortages are even more worrying in India. Millions of irrigation wells have significantly lowered water tables in almost every state.J) As the world's food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left for export.K) In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is evenleading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.L) Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the world's population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these -- the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families.M) For many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may be necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.36. The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products.37. Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages.38. Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortages now constitute the main threat to world security.39. Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation of family planning.40. The author has come to agree that food shortages could ultimately lead to the collapse of world civilization.41. Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstacle to boosting the world's grain production.42. The cost for saving our civilization would be considerably less than the world's current military spending.43. To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.44. Environmental problems must be solved to ease the current global food shortage.45. A quarter of this year's American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age, but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions -- including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving -- started to dull as early as age 27.Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.On the other hand, indicators of a person's accumulated knowledge -- like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge --kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people's minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse."These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one's abilities, may increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no diseases," Salthouse said in a news release.The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years.The tests are designed to detect subtle(细微的) changes in mental function, and involve solving puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition(认知能力) generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia (痴呆), according to the researchers."By following individuals over time," Salthouse said, "we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline."The researchers are currently analyzing the study participants' health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.46. What is the common view of mental function?A) It varies from person to person.C) It gradually expands with age.B) It weakens in one's later years.D) It indicates one's health condition.47. What does the new study find about mental functions?A) Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.B) They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.C) They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.D) Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.48. What does Timothy Salthouse say about people's minds in most cases?A) They tend to decline in people's later years.B) Their flexibility determines one's abilities.C) They function quite well even in old age.D) Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.49. Although people's minds may function less flexibly as they age, theyA) may be better at solving puzzlesB) can memorize things with more easeC) may have greater facility in abstract reasoningD) can put what they have learnt into more effective use50. According to Salthouse, their study may help us ________.A) find ways to slow down our mental declineB) find ways to boost our memoriesC) understand the complex process of mental functioningD) understand the relation between physical and mental healthPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The most important thing in the news last week was the rising discussion in Nashville about the educational needs of children. The shorthand(简写) educators use for this is "pre-K" --meaning instruction before kindergarten --and the big idea is to prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be ready to succeed on their K-12 journey.But it gets complicated. The concept has multiple forms, and scholars and policymakers argue about the shape, scope and cost of the ideal program.The federal Head Start program, launched 50 years ago, has served more than 30 million children. It was based on concepts developed at Vanderbilt University's Peabody College by Susan Gray, the legendary pioneer in early childhood education research.A new Peabody study of the Tennessee V oluntary Pre-K program reports that pre-K works, but the gains are not sustained through the third grade. It seems to me this highlights quality issues in elementary schools more than pre-K, and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-K with all the other issues related to educating a child.Pre-K is controversial. Some critics say it is a luxury and shouldn't be free to families able to pay. Pre-K advocates insist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with the rest of the child's schooling. I lean toward the latter view.This is, in any case, the right conversation to be having now as Mayor Megan Barry takes office. She was the first candidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming. The important thing is for all of us to keep in mind the real goal and the longer, bigger picture.The weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K that early intervention (干预) works. What government has not yet found is the political will to put that understanding into full practice with a sequence of smart schooling that provides the early foundation.For this purpose, our schools need both the talent and the organization to educate each child who arrives at the schoolhouse door. Some show up ready, but many do not at this critical time when young brains are developing rapidly.51. What does the author say about pre-kindergarten education?A) It should cater to the needs of individual children.B) It is essential to a person's future academic success.C) Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.D) Parents regard it as the first phase of children's development.52. What does the new Peabody study find?A) Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.B) The third grade marks a new phase of learning.C) The third grade is critical to children's development.D) Quality has not been the top concern of pre-K programs,53. When does the author think pre-K works the best?A) When it is accessible to kids of all families.B) When it is made part of kids' education.C) When it is no longer considered a luxury.D) When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.54. What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?A) She knows the real goal of education.C) She has once run a pre-K program.B) She is a mayor of insight and vision. D) She is a firm supporter of pre-K.55. What does the author think is critical to kids' education?A) Teaching method. C) Early intervention.B) Kids' interest. D) Parents' involvement.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.功夫(Kung Fu)是中国武术(martial arts)的俗称。
2016年6月四级听力原文
News Report 1The International Labor Organization says the number of people without jobs is increasing. In its latest update on global employment trends, the agency says projections of the number of unemployed people this year range from 210 million to nearly 240 million people. The report warns that 200million poor workers are at risk of joining the ranks of people living on less than 2 dollars per day in the past three years. The director general of the InternationalLabor Organization Juan Somavia notes that some countries have taken measures to address the effects of the global crisis. However, he points outthat many countries have not done so. And based on past experiences, it takes four to five years after economic recovery for unemployment to return to pre-crisis levels. Mr. Somavia says the International Labor Organization is proposing a global jobs' agreement to deal with unemployment. 'It's key objective is to play so the center ofrecovery efforts, measures that would generate high levels of employment and provide basic social protection for the most vulnerable.'Q1. What is the news report mainly about?Q2. What does, Juan Somavia, the director general of the International LaborOrganization say?News Report 2Big fast food chains in New York City have started to obey a first of its kind rule, requiring them to post calorie counts right on the menu. Cathy Nurses is with the New York City department of health, 'We wanted to give people an opportunity toactually see the calories before they purchased the food and make a decision and inform decision. That if they want to make their healthier choice, if they want to eat fewer calories they can. And we expect this will have a huge impact on obesity. And of course, if it has an impact on obesity, it will have an impact on diabetes and heart disease and highblood pressure. 'The new rules will introduce as a part of anti-obesity campaign. That also includes a recent citywide ban and artificial trans-fats in restaurant food. The menu roll only applies to restaurants that serve standardized potion sizes and have fifty more locations nationwide. Starting last Saturday, chains big enough to fallunder the rule will face penalties about 2000 dollars for not showing calorie information in a prominent spot on their menus preferably next to the price.Q3. What are big fast food chains in New York City require to do according to the new rule?Q4. What would happen tobig restaurant chains that violate the new rule? News Report 3Almost all companies recognize the importance of innovation today. But not many are able to integrate innovation into their business.A commentary in the Shanghai Daily points outthat innovation doesn't mean piles of documents. It is something more practical. The article says many people tend to assume that innovation just means creating something new, but actually it's more than that. It's an attitude of doing things. A company should find ways to innovate not just in products but also infunctions, business models and processes.The article cites the global giant Procter & Gamble as an example, saying a real innovative company should develop an innovation culture and use it as a primary tool for success. Procter & Gamble has a “Corporate Innovation Fund” which offers big rewards forhigh-risk ideas that succeed. It also has a special innovation facility for its employees. Sometimes its employees are released from their daily jobs for weeks and spend their time interacting in the innovation facility instead. In conclusion, the article says innovative ideas alone do not ensure success. It's pointless unless there is arepeatable process in place to turn inspiration into financial performance.Q5. What is the problem with many companies according to the news report?Q6. What do many people tend to think of innovation?Q7. What does thecompany Procter & Gamble owe its success to? Conversation OneM: So, Linzy, do you like to text message on your cell phone?W: Yeah, I text message a lot.M: I don't do it so much. I prefer to make a call if I'min a hurry.W: Yeah, I go both ways. Sometimes I don’t really want to talk to the person.I just want to ask them one question, so it's much easier for me just to text message. If I call them, I'll have to have a long conversation.M: Yeah, I can see what you mean. But I get off thephone pretty quickly when I call. I'm not a big talker.W: Yeah, that's true. You don't talk a lot.M: So are you fast at writing the messages with your thumb?W: Well, when I first got a cell phone, I was so slow. I thought I would never text message. But then peoplekept text messaging me, so I felt obliged to learn how to text message. So now I'm pretty fast. What about you?M: Actually I have the opposite problem. When I first got my cell phone, I thought it was so cool to text message all my friends who have one, and I was pretty fast with my thumb then. But it seems like nowI don't use it so much, I've got slower actually.W: Yeah, I think text messaging actually is what you have to do with your age. For example, people in high school, they text message a lot. But I ask my father if he texted messages, and guess what he said?M: What?W: He said he'd never text message. He thinks it's very childish and unprofessional to text message.M: Yeah, I can see what he means. It's considered pretty informal to text message to someone. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversationyou've just heard.Q8: What does the man say about himself?Q9: What does the woman tend to do while she is on the phone?Q10: Why did the man text message all his friends when he first got his cell phone?Q11: What does the woman's father think of text messaging?Conversation TwoW: Good morning, Mr. Johnson. How can I help you?M: Well, I'd like to talk to you about Tim Bond, the department manager.W: What seems to be the problem?M: Well, ever since Sandra left the department, I feel like I've been targeted to do all her work as well as mine. I'm expected to attend too many meetings and I seem to be spending a lot of my time doing unnecessary paper work. W: I'm sorry to hear that.M: And, on top of that, I'd specifically asked if I could leave early last Friday as I done a lot of overtime during the week. But that afternoon, even though I'd finished my assigned work, I was told to help other colleagues finish their work, too.W: But surely that's a positive sign showing thatMr. Bond has a lot of trust in you.M: Yes, but other colleagues get to leave early, and they don't have such a lot of work to do.W: So you feel he's really making unrealistic demands on you?M: Yes, absolutely.W: Have you approached Mr. Bond about this particular problem?M: I've tried, but it seems like he just has no time for me.W: Well, at this stage, it would be better if you approached him directly. If nothing else showing that you've tried to solve the problem yourselfbefore you take it further. Makes it clear that you're just not a complainer. Why don't you send an email requesting a meeting with him in private?M: Hmm, I've been a bit worried about his reaction. But anyway I'll send him an email to request a meeting, and I'll see what happens from there. Thanks for your advice.W: Good luck. And let us know the outcome.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you've just heard.Q12. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q13. What is the man's chief complaint?Q14. How does the woman interpret the fact that the man was asked to help his colleagues with their work?Q15. What did the woman advise the man to do? PassagesPassage OneThe massive decline in sleep happened so slowly and quietly that few seemed to notice the trend. Was it because of the growing attraction of the Internet, video games and endless TV channels? Never disconnecting from work? No matter how it happened, millions of Americans are putting their health, quality of life and even length of life indanger.New evidence shows why getting enough sleep is a top priority. Some 40% of Americans get less than 7 hours of shut-eye on week nights. "The link between sleep and health, and bad sleep and disease is becoming clearer and clearer." says Lawrence Alberstaine, a sleep expert at Harvard University. Forexample, sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years. At the same time, high blood pressure has become an increasing problem. Blood pressure and heart rate are typically at their lowest levels during sleep. People who sleep less tend to have higher blood pressure, heart attack, diabetes, weight gain and otherproblems.Sleeping better may help fight off illness. "When people are sleep-derived, there are higher levels of stress hormones in their bodies which can decrease immune function." says Doctor Felice, of Northwestern University in Chicago. A university of Chicago study shows people who sleep well livelonger. So say good night sooner and it may help you stay active and vital to a ripe old age.Q16. What is the speaker mainly talking about?Q17. What do we learn from the talk about today's Americans?Q18. What does the speaker say will happen topeople who lack sleep? Passage TwoParents and teachers will tell you not to worry when applying for a place at a university. But in the same breath will remind you that it is the most important decision of your life.The first decision is yourchoice of course. It will depend on what you want to get out of university, what you are good at and what you enjoy. The next decision is where to apply. Aim high but within reason. Do you have the right combination of subjects and are your expected grades likely to meet entry requirements? The deadline is January 15th. But it is best tosubmit your application early because universities begin work as soon as forms start rolling in.The most important part of the application is the much feared personal statement. This is your chance to convey boundless enthusiasm for the subject. So economy of expression is foremost. Omit dull and ineffectivegeneralities and make sure you give concrete examples.Admissions officers read every personal statement that arrives. It is not convincing if you say you have chosen the subject because you enjoy it. You have to get across what it is about a particular area that has inspired you. They will look for evidencethat you have reflected and thought about the subject.Applicants should be honest. There is no point saying you run marathons, if you are going to be out of breath arriving at the interview on the second floor.Q19. What is the first decision you should makein preparing to apply for a place at a university?Q20. What is the most important part of the application?Q21. What must applicants do in their personal statements?Passage ThreeIt is widely believed thatGerman invented the first car in 1885. It was actually a tricycle with a petrol motor at the rear. Soon, members of the royal family and other wealthy people took up motoring as a sport. Many of the early cars had 2 seats. There were no petrol pumps and few garages, so every driver had to be his own engineer for the frequent breakdowns.By 1905, cars began to look like cars of today, with head lamps, wind screen, rubble tires and number plates. Henry Ford's Model T introduced in America in 1909 was cheaper because it was made on the assembly line. It brought cars closer towards the reach of ordinary people. With the popularity of the car,registration became a must in 1903 with the motor car act. Competency tests were introduced in 1935. Today, the legal driving age for a car in the UK is 17. You are not allowed to drive a car unsupervised until you have passed a driving test. In 1958, Britain celebrated the opening of its first motorway – the Preston Bypass. Until then, no one really understood what a motor way was, not even the laborers who were building it. The bypass held a new era in motor travel and was greeted with excitement and optimism. Service stations came with the motor way and the legend of the transport cafe was born. Of course, the servicestation has diversified greatly. But whether it’s an English-cooked breakfast or a coffee and a sandwich, one thing has remained the same: the prices.Q22. What does the speaker say about the first motor car?Q23. What was the problem with the earlycars in Britain?Q24. Why did Henry Ford's Model T cars cost less?Q25. What do we learn about the Preston Bypass?。
2016年6月英语四级听力原文
主题：2016年6月英语四级听力原文内容：1. 第一部分：短对话a. 对话一：关于购物A: Excuse me, could you tell me where the men's department is? B: Sure, it's on the second floor, next to the women's department.A: Thanks a lot.B: You're wee.b. 对话二：预订房间A: Good afternoon, can I help you?B: Yes, I'd like to book a single room for three nights, starting from the 22nd of this month.A: Alright, let me check for you. Yes, we do have rooms av本人lable. Would you like a smoking or non-smoking room?B: A non-smoking room, please.A: Alright, that will be $80 per night, including tax.B: Great, I'll take it.2. 第二部分：长对话a. 对话一：关于兼职工作A: Hi, Sarah. I heard you're looking for a part-time job. Did you find one yet?B: Hi, Jack. No, not yet. I've been to a few interviews, but no luck so far.A: Have you tried checking the university job board? I heard they have a lot of part-time positions av本人lable.B: No, I haven't. I'll definitely look into that. Thanks for the tip!b. 对话二：关于旅行计划A: So, where are we going for our vacation this summer?B: I was thinking maybe we could go to Europe. It's been a dream of mine to visit Paris and Rome.A: Europe sounds great! I've always wanted to see the Eiffel Tower and the Colosseum.B: Yeah, and we can also visit London and Barcelona. It's going to be an amazing trip!3. 第三部分：短文a. 短文一：关于环保In recent years, environmental issues have be a hot topic of discussion. People all over the world are bing more aware of the importance of protecting the environment. The excessive use ofnatural resources and the increasing pollution have led to a number of environmental problems, such as global warming, deforestation, and 本人r and water pollution. It is crucial for individuals, governments, and organizations to work together to address these issues and protect our planet for future generations.b. 短文二：关于健康生活M本人nt本人ning a healthy lifestyle is essential for our overall well-being. This includes eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, and managing stress. In today's fast-paced world, it can be challenging to prioritize our health, but it is important to make an effort to incorporate healthy habits into our d本人ly lives. By taking care of our physical and mental health, we can lead a more fulfilling and productive life.4. 结论英语四级听力考试内容涵盖日常生活中的各个方面，包括日常对话、旅行计划、环保和健康生活等话题。
2016年6月大学英语四级听力题目答案及原文第1套
2016年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套）Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A)The International Labor Organization's key objective.B)The basic social protection for the most vulnerable.C)Rising unemployment worldwide.D)Global economic recovery.2. A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.B)Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis.C)Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis.D)Many countries need support to improve their people's livelihood.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A)Serve standardized food nationwide.B)Put calorie information on the menu.C)Increase protein content in the food.D)Offer convenient food to customers.4. A)They will be fined.B)They will be closed.C)They will get a warning.D)They will lose customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A)Inability to implement their business plans.B)Inability to keep turning out novel products.C)Lack of a successful business model of their own.D)Failure to integrate innovation into their business.6. A)It is the secret to business success.B)It is the creation of something new.C)It is a magic tool to bring big rewards.D)It is an essential part of business culture.7. A)Its hardworking employees.B)Its flexible promotion strategy.C)Its innovation culture.D)Its willingness to make investments.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A)He's got addicted to technology.B)He is not very good at socializing.C)He is crazy about text-messaging.D)He does not talk long on the phone.9. A)Talk big.B)Talk at length.C)Gossip a lot.D)Forget herself.10. A)He thought it was cool.B)He needed the practice.C)He wanted to stay connected with them.D)He had an urgent message to send.11. A)It poses a challenge to seniors.B)It saves both time and money.C)It is childish and unprofessional.D)It is cool and convenient.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A)He wants to change his job assignment.B)He is unhappy with his department manager.C)He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime.D)He is often singled out for criticism by his boss.13. A)His workload was much too heavy.B)His immediate boss did not trust him.C)His colleagues often refused to cooperate.D)His salary was too low for his responsibility.14. A)He never knows how to refuse.B)He is always ready to help others.C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.D)His boss has no sense of fairness.15. A)Put all his complaints in writing.B)Wait and see what happens next.C)Learn to say no when necessary.D)Talk to his boss in person first.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A)The importance of sleep to a healthy life.B)Reasons for Americans' decline in sleep.C)Some tips to improve the quality of sleep.D)Diseases associated with lack of sleep.17. A)They are more health-conscious.B)They are changing their living habits.C)They get less and less sleep.D)They know the dangers of lack of sleep.18. A)Their weight will go down.B)Their mind function will deteriorate.C)Their work efficiency will decrease.D)Their blood pressure will rise.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A)How much you can afford to pay.B)What course you are going to choose.C)Which university you are going to apply to.D)When you are going to submit your application.20. A)The list of courses studied.B)The full record of scores.。
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Model Test ThreePart ⅡListening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.More than 100 million people in Nigeria are not connected to the Internet. There are only a few networks that offer service and it is costly and unreliable. Now, a new project provides a resource for off-line viewing at no cost. A non-profit organization called “The WiderNet Project”has developed the offline eGranary Digital Library. The service puts millions of digital documents, multimedia work and websites onto a server. The information is then available to students, medical workers, and researchers at no cost, whether there is Internet or not. Users can access informative websites that eGranary updates every day such as Wikipedia, Khan Academy, Project Gutenberg, MIT OpenCourseWare, and MIT BLOSSOMS (which is Math and Science video lessons for high school students).Other resources on the service include university and medical publications, computer software, and educational games.1. What is the news report mainly about?2. Who can use the offline digital information for free?Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.The United States‟ job market has millions of unfilled jobs. Many of those jobs require technical skills. However, employers say many of those jobs are vacant because they cannot find people with the right skills to do the work.Labor experts call this phenomenon the “skills gap.” In the United States, the cost of a traditional four-year college education can be very high. US colleges and universities produce many graduates every year. Yet unemployment rates among new graduates are high. Labor experts say, to solve this problem, it is vital to get technical skills that are of immediate value to an employer. They add that it is important to get transferrable skills—those that can be used in more than one job. This is because technology and the nature of the workplace are changing at a faster rate than before.3. Why are there millions of unfilled jobs in the US?4. Why is it important to get transferrable skills?Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.Egyptian officials are making plans to open a newly-expanded Suez Canal on August 6th. Officials say the “new” canal will more than double the waterway‟s earnings over the next 10 years. But some experts say the project alone will not be able to turn aroun d Egypt‟s economy. Experts say the success of the canal will depend largely on the health of the world‟s shipping industry. They say that is something Egypt cannot control. And they say even if the expanded canal is successful, it won‟t improve the lives of average Egyptians. People in Egypt are facing rising poverty rates and prices. The economy is slowly recovering from recent financial andpolitical unrest. Egypt is a large, complex country with a very big population. It is highly unlikely that it is going to be able to live off the kinds of incomes it will get—even from two canals. The costs of governing Egypt are very large. It has major debt problems.5. What do officials say about the “new” canal?6. What is the main factor influencing the canal‟s suc cess according to the experts?7. What increases the costs of governing Egypt?Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneM: Cindy, what is happiness in your mind?W: Why ask? It‟s a difficult question.Different people may have a different understanding of happiness.M: You said it. But that is the assignment from my psychology professor.W: Well, in my mind, happiness is supposed to be just a state of mind, not so closely related to material life.M: OK. A state of mind. Anything else?W: People ought to value what they already have got. They shouldn‟t always feel sorry for what they can‟t have.M: Yes, I agree. But many people often get used to what they have and don‟t cherish them anymore.W: You are right. Maybe people can‟t be very happy by only staying at one place or staying still in one condition. I mean, if people get what they dream about, or they do better than what they expected, they feel happy. And...M: Hold it a second. I need to write what you have said down. Get what they dream about...better than expected. All right. That‟s very helpful.Now, let‟s talk about what kind of specific things or conditions that can make people feel happy. Take you for example.W: Well, I said that I didn‟t care about material things a lot. But if I get some gifts very carefully chosen or made by my beloved relatives or friends, even though they may not be expensive, I would still be very happy.M: So would I. Do you feel this kind of happiness lasts long?W: Of course. Whenever I take out the things and look at them, I know there are people who care about me and love me. My heart will be full of happiness.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. What is Cindy‟s opinion on happiness?9. According to the man, why can‟t some people feel happy?10. What kind of gifts will make Cindy feel happy?11. Which of the following statements may Cindy agree with?Conversation TwoW: Hello, this is Mary speaking.M: Hi, Mary. This is Owen.W: Ah, my dear editor. What‟s up?M: I am calling to tell you that the book you sent me has been approved to be published.W: Really? That‟s good news.I can‟t believe my ears. Since the day I put the manuscriptinto the post box, I have been counting the days. Am I daydreaming? Tell me, do you really think the book is good enough to be published?M: I have no doubt about it. And I am sure it‟s going to be a bestseller.W: Oh, I don‟t know w hat to say now. Thank you so much. When is it going to be published? M: Don‟t be in such a hurry. Before publishing, we need to meet and there are some places thatI feel can still be improved.W: No problem. I am looking forward to learning from you and getting some professional opinions.M: Oh, you are so polite and humble. I think we can have a discussion and learn from each other. W: How about tomorrow morning? I can go to your office.M: Oh, I‟m sorry. There is another call coming in. I have to hang up soon. Can you come here at about 9:30?W: All right. No problem.M: My secretary is going to call you to confirm the appointment. I hope to see you tomorrow. W: See you.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. What is the relationship between the two speakers?13. How does Mary feel when she gets the news from the man?14. What‟s the purpose of the man‟s calling?15. Why does the man have to hang up?Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneWith the global economy now taking more executives to far-away places like Beijing and Tokyo, jet lag is becoming a bigger problem. Sleep researchers are working harder than ever to find suitable remedies. Trips to the other side of the globe make adjusting a traveler‟s body clock a more lasting process. Jet lag experts say they believe it takes one day for each time zone away from home, up to a maximum of six or seven days, to get fully in harmony with local time. Using a combination of nap and caffeine is better than using them separately, if you can believe it. It takes 15 to 30 minutes for caffeine to kick in. So you may do the two together. All it takes is a cup of coffee. By the time the caffeine is working, your nap is over. Sleep experts are also working with professional and amateur athletes who perform at international meets. A proper amount of sleep can improve an athlete‟s performance as much as 30%. But there is no easy remedy. Theproblem lies in the differences in travelers‟ ability to handle jet lag. Sleep researchers have found that people who have dealt with sleep loss over long periods can tolerate jet lag better than most. And older travelers also tend to get hit harder than the young by jet lag.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What should we do to deal with jet lag according to the passage?17. How much improvement can a proper amount of sleep make to the athletes‟ performance?18. Which of the following group can tolerate jet lag better than others?Passage TwoExperts in the food industry are thinking a lot about trash these days. Restaurants, colleges, hospitals and other institutions are trying to lower the costs of waste in new ways. Some are tracking their trash with software systems, making food in smaller amounts or trying to cut down on trash-hauling costs. Roughly 30% of food in the United States goes to waste, costing some ＄48 billion annually. A recent study estimated that 40 to 50 percent of food in the United States was wasted. Freshman students at Virginia Tech were surprised this year when they entered two of the campus‟s biggest dining halls to find there were no cafeteria trays. One student said without tra ys, students took less food and didn‟t eat more than they should. Getting rid of trays has cut food waste by 38% at the cafeterias. That same phenomenon often happens at Oregon‟s Portland International Airport. Busy travelers often throw half-eaten meals into trash cans and the airport must pay the city to haul the waste away. Now the airport is carrying out a program to install food-only trash cans. The food waste is collected and given to the city to use in agriculture. Besides being environmentally friendly, the changes may save the airport money.It costs about ＄82 to have one ton of trash hauled, but food waste costs only about ＄48 a ton to haul. Cutting back on the waste can require spending money on software and training. There are software systems that track food being thrown out. Steve Peterson is the head chef at the MGM Grand Hotel. He was surprised when he installed the software system and saw the value of food that was going out of the back door. To cut costs, Peterson decided to reduce serving sizes.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. What is the main aim for people paying attention to food waste?20. Why do the dining halls in Virginia Tech have no trays?21. What‟s the purpose of installing food-only trash cans at the airport?22. How can the software system help reduce the food waste?Passage ThreeHave you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly?Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it?Are you afraid to ask someone for a date? Many people are afraid to assert themselves. Dr. Robert Alberti, author of “Stand Up, Speak Out, and Talk Back,” thinks it‟s because their self-respect is low.“There‟s always a …superior‟ around: a parent, a teacher, a boss who …knows better.‟” But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help people assert themselves. They offer“Assertiveness Training” courses. In the AT courses people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive without hurting other people. In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an AT course will help the timid person to lose his fear. It uses an even stronger motive—the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels. Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more “important” than you, you may start to doubt your own good sense. But why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. What is the problem the speaker mainly talks about?24. What is suggested to timid people to overcome their problems?25. What is the content of an AT course?This is the end of listening comprehension.。