资料大学自动化专业英语Chapter three.ppt
自动化专业英语unit 3 A
3. component [kəm'pəunənt] n.成分,元件组件 adj. 组成的,构成的
4. principle ['prinsəpl] n.原理,原则;道义; 本义;根源,源泉
5. metallic [mi'tælik, me-] adj. 金属的,含金属的 n. 金属纤维
adv. 锐利地 n. 内行;尖头
Technical Terms
electronic counter 电子计数器 frequency synthesizer 频率合成器
digital instrument 数字仪器
Language points
1.Integrated circuit,or IC is a combination...to perform definite function involved in converting information.
Language points
4.Each set contains all the components such as transistors,diodes,and resistors which are interconnected with short fine metallБайду номын сангаасc stripes deposited on the wafer surface.
Language points
2. intend to打算做……,倾向于……,想要…… e.g. 1) I intend to work in the information services (service) industry, or market sectors. 我意向从事信息服务行业,或者市场销售行业。 2)I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity. 为了获得一个更有挑战性的工作机会,本人打算放弃目前的职 位。 3)I intend to become the master of my own body level dream. 我意愿成为精通我自己身体水平梦想的大师。
电气工程及其自动化专业英语(语法部分)
Specialized English for Electrical Engineering & Its Automation
戴文进 编著
电气工程及其自动化专业教研室
Introduction
• 1 Importance
• 2 Purpose Train students’ comprehension and application ability to
• 另外,专业词汇的词义普遍比较单一,词汇中前 缀和后缀出现的频率很高,缩略语使用的比较多。
电气工程及其自动化专业教研室
词汇的分类( lexical classification)
1 技术词汇(special technical words )---某个专业所特有的词汇,如 diode, substation,autotransformer,superconductivity.
Application, implementation
电气工程及其自动化专业教研室
词汇的构成( words constitution)
专业词汇构成的特征(1)有50%以上的专业词汇来 自外来语;(2)广泛地使用构词法;(3)常用词汇专业化. 1合成法( composition)
horsepower, push-pull, power utilization 2 转换法(conversion)
• Other characteristic, such as frequency, wave shape, and phase balance are seldom recognized by the consumers, but are given constant attention by electric power utility engineers.
大学英语专业语法课件3-限定词Determ
Types of determiners: There are different types of determiners, including articles, demonstratives ("this," "that," "these," "those"), quantifiers ("some," "any," "many," "few"), and possessives, each serving a specific function in relation to the noun.
Classification
Qualifiers can be divided into two main categories: adjectives and adverbs. Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns, adding descriptive details such as color, size, shape, age, etc. Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, adding details such as time, place, manner, degree, etc.
Unit Three Computer Software 计算机专业英语课件
Unit Three Computer Software
Unit Three Computer Software
• 本单元主要介绍计算机相关软件知识,软 件主要包含系统软件和应用软件两大类, 本单元着重介绍了常用的操作系统如 windows,Linux,及他们之间的比较,并 介绍了最新windows7的有关知识。
Unit Three Computer Software
• Passage One System Software • Passage Two Application Software • Passage Three Comparisons of Various Operating
System • Passage Four Windows 7 Operating System:
• Windows:Windows gets its name because of its ability to run multiple applications at the same time, each in its own window. Windows offers graphical user interface (GUI), presents the user with graphic images of computer functions and data. It provides a standard mechanism for copying or moving information from one program to another. This mechanism, called the clipboard, means that information created in one context is instantly reusable in another, you don't need to reenter information or work with clumsy datatransfer utilities. Windows:之所以称为窗口是因为它具有能同时运行多个
自动化专业英语课程PPT课件( 39页)
2.电子表格
1)名称。 2)数据。 3)公式。 (1)自动运算 数据下载到表格后,计算机便自动进行运算。 (2)运算模板 许多表格生成软件包都提供运算模板,即标准的运 算公式。 (3)移动和复制 表格生成软件已设计成可以方便地进行表格的增 加与减少。 (4)增加和删除 要在表格中增加新的行或列,或是删除一部分方 格是很容易的。
1.文字处理
(6)开头和结尾 像文件的每一页开头都会出现的那种(具有固定 格式)页首的文本板块,一旦一次性输入后,便可自动地复制到后 续的各页中。 (7)拼法检查 许多文字处理软件包得到电子词典及其处理程序的 支持,因而可自动地检查拼法上的错误。 (8)通信格式生成 经常保持着通信联系的人的名单和地址,可与 文件分开存放。 (9)打印格式 文件按照操作员选择的格式进行打印。
1.Word
(1) Electronic text capture As text is entered on the keyboard,the program stores the characters in memory and displays,or echoes,them on the video display screen.The cursor,an underline or black character appearing on the screen,indicates the current typing position on the line.If a word contains more characters than can fit within the right margin,the entire word automatically is“wrapped around” in the screen and placed at the beginning of the next line.This word wrap feature allows the user to enter text continuously,uninterrupted by either line feeds or carriage returns. (2)Full-screen (3)Move
自动化专业英语5.ppt
自动化专业
第五讲 Transient Analysis by Root-
Locus Methods
准备课文后的单词 (5 min)
补充单词
oscillatory a.
damp
v.
asymptote n.
magnitude n.
lope
vi. n.
pole n. zero n. qualitative a. quantitative a. step response
Transient Analysis by RootLocus Methods
读课文 5 min 分析课文
补充介绍:
长句的译法
语法结构复杂 修饰成分多 内容层次在两个以上 带有修饰性短语或附加成分
修饰性短语: 介词短语 不定式短语 分词短语 动名词短语 形容词短语
附加成分: 插入语 同位语 独立成分
2. The transfer function is an expression relating the output and input of a linear time-invariant system in terms of the system parameters and is a property of the system itself, independent of the input or driving function.
第
and zeros may be complex, is a complex function and may, therefore, be handled as a
3 vector having a magnitude and an
段 associated angle or argument. Each of the
自动化专业英语第三版
UNIT 1ElectricalNetworksA电路An electrical circuit or network is posed ofelements such as resistors, inductors, and capacitors connected togetherin some manner、If th e network contains noenergysources,such as batteries or electrical g enerators, it is known as a passive network、On the other hand, if one or more energy sources are present, the resultant bination is an activenetwork、In st udying the behavior of an electrical network, we areinterested in determining the voltages and currents that exist within the circuit、Since a network is posed of passivecircuit elements,we must first define the electrical characteristics of these elements、电路或电网络由以某种方式连接得电阻器、电感器与电容器等元件组成。
如果网络不包含能源,如电池或发电机,那么就被称作无源网络。
换句话说,如果存在一个或多个能源,那么组合得结果为有源网络.在研究电网络得特性时,我们感兴趣得就是确定电路中得电压与电流。
因为网络由无源电路元件组成,所以必须首先定义这些元件得电特性、In the case ofa resistor, the voltage-currentrelationship is given by Ohm's l aw, which states that the voltage across the resistor is equalto the current through the resistor multiplied by the value of the resistance、Mathematically,this is expressed as就电阻来说,电压—电流得关系由欧姆定律给出,欧姆定律指出:电阻两端得电压等于电阻上流过得电流乘以电阻值。
四川大学--化工专业英语--课件3
We must lubricate bearings. Bearings must be lubricated.
我们从中可以看出:左栏的句子由于加了主语稍显拖
沓平淡,有的句子喧宾夺主。有的句子加了不必要的人称
主语,所以,无论从语言修辞的角度,还是从传递信息的
角度看,左栏的句子都是不够“科学”的。只有译成右 栏
Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the electric machine.
You must pay attention to the working temperature of the electric machine.
比照后一句主动性强,语气生硬,一般在科技 问题中不采用。
可以利用主动形式表被动
These products sell like hot cakes. (sell=are sold) 这些产品十分畅销。 The clock winds up at the back. (winds up= can be wound up) 这个钟在反面上发条。 The book is printing. (is printing= is being printed) 这本书正在印刷。
➢ Internal pores or defects within a solid body may originate from, for example, the packing of powder particles, from gas evolution or shrinkage during the solidification of castings.
二、科技英语句法的特点
自动化专业英语翻译P5U3PPT教学课件
related information and preferably organized. ▪ 数据库是一个相互关联且组织良好的信息的集合。
[2] It is appropriate to discover how different database
July 28, 2007
自动化专业英语教程
教学课件
Email :
2020/12/12http: //
1
P5U3A
Fundamentals of the Database System
第五部分第三单元课文A
数据库基础
A 数据库基础
1. 课文内容简介:主要介绍《数据库基础》中的数据库概念、 数据库模型和数据库应用等内容。
理解数据库模型 严格的说数据库模型或数据模型是什么?有众多的、精 确的解释。笼统地说数据库模型可被用来描述存储在计算机 内有组织、有规则的信息集合。这个有规则的数据集合是按 照更高效的读取和改变数据的方法用数据建模方案来构建的。 取决于所用数据库的应用类型,可以修改数据库结构以有效 地改变数据。在过去的50年中,各种数据库建模技术(尤其 是在数据检索和数据交换方面)的发展大相径庭,但为了满 足提高效率的要求,这些做法都是恰如其分的。在讨论数据 库建模和它的演变过程之前,先了解一下应用很有必要。
best served by implementing a denormalized duplication
of an OLTP source database. ▪ 数据仓库的数据库建模方案通过实施一个OLTP源数据库
的非规化的副本来实现。
自动化专业英语(第三版)教学课件lesson2.4-文档资料
• The freezing points of certain other metals are also used as secondary fixed points to provide additional reference points during calibration procedures. • 某种其它金属的冰点也可以用作第二个固定点,从而在标 Instruments to measure temperature can be 定过程中提供额外的参考点。 divided into separate classes according to the physical principle on which they operate. The main principles used are:
济南大学控制科学与工程学院
自动化专业英语
பைடு நூலகம்1 1
1. Principles of temperature measurement
• Temperature measurement is very important 然而,它提出一些特殊的问题,因为温度测量没有一个基 in spheres of life and especially so in the 本的温度标准量,无法像其它量的测量一样可以与质量、 长度和时间等主要的标准量联系起来。 process industries. • However, it poses particular problems, since 温度测量在生活范围内特别是在过程工业中非常重要。 temperature measurement cannot be related to a fundamental standard of temperature in the same way that the measurement of other quantities can be related to the primary standards of mass, length and time.
自动化专业英语unit3
原句中没有行为主体,可适当添加, 原句中没有行为主体,可适当添加,如“人 有人” 我们” 们”、“有人”、“我们”等 。 A few years ago it was thought unbelievable that the computer could have so high speed as well so small volume. 几年前,人们还认为计算机具有如此高的运行 几年前,人们还认为计算机具有如此高的运行 速度和如此小的体积是一件难以置信的事。 速度和如此小的体积是一件难以置信的事。 不需要或无法讲出动作发出者,译成无主句。 不需要或无法讲出动作发出者,译成无主句。 What kind of device is needed to make the control system simple? 需要什么装置使控制系统简化? 需要什么装置使控制系统简化?
我要指出一点,这种模型的寻找、 我要指出一点,这种模型的寻找、行为特征及行为 特征与他们试图表示的实际环境间的关系的研究, 特征与他们试图表示的实际环境间的关系的研究, 以及为获得可靠的预测连同接下来采取行动而进行 的重要的修正, 的重要的修正,如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究 人员的帮助是不可能的, 人员的帮助是不可能的,这些技术人员已经成功地 把科学创意转化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 把科学创意转化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 我要指出一点,模型的建立、 我要指出一点,模型的建立、对行为特征及其所表 示的实际情形之间关系的研究, 示的实际情形之间关系的研究,以及一些重要的修 其目的是为了获得可靠预测以及制定决策, 正,其目的是为了获得可靠预测以及制定决策,这 一切如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究人员提供帮 一切如果没有计算机及技术人员为研究人员提供帮 助是不可能的, 助是不可能的,这些技术人员把科学创意成功地转 化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。 化为稳定、可靠、经济的电子装置。
自动化专业英语整套课件完整版电子教案最全ppt整本书课件全套教学教程(最新)
Lesson1 Working Drawings(工作图)
Assembly drawings may be divided into two types depending on the proposed use:
1 .General assembly where the main purpose is to identify the individual components and show their working relationship;
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Lesson1 Working Drawings(工作图)
Working Drawings(I)
During the design process, an engineer records ideas by means of sketches and design drawings of prototypes and their development. Once satisfied with the degree of perfection, the sketches are handed over to the draftsman who "takes off" the detail and makes working drawings of the whole unit. ①
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Lesson1 Working Drawings(工作图)
New Words and Expressions 1. working drawings 工作图 2. sketch n.草图,简图 3. prototype ['prautataip] n.原型,样机 4. development [di'velapmant] n.发展,研制 5. perfection n.完成,完美 6. draftsman ['dra:ftsman] n.绘图员 7. detail [‘di:teil] n.零件;细节,详细;详图
电气工程及其自动化专业英语 ppt课件
If possible (necessary)如果可能(必要)Where possible 在可能的情况下
Grammar Features
语法特点
(4) It句型和祈使句使用频繁 (准确、精炼)
It句型:it 充当形式主语,避免句子“头重脚轻”
祈使句: 无主语,精炼。
It is very important (possible, necessary, natural, inevitable) to… It takes very much time learning… It is clear (possible, necessary, natural, inevitable) that… It happened that … It must be admitted that…
Let A be equal to B.设A等于B。 Consider a high-pressure chamber. 假如有一个高气压气候室。
Grammar Features
语法特点
(5) 复杂长句使用频繁 (准确、精炼)
为了完整、准确地表达事物内在联系,使用大量从句
1) It has been mentioned above that the electrons in a metal are able to move freely through the metal, that their motion constitutes an electric current in the metal and that they play an important part in conduction of heat.
就像图1所示的那样,这个闭环系统中有一个反馈元件。
自动化专业英语P3U2教学课件
并行输入接口 术语“输入”和“输出”通常指CPU和CPU的输出。如图3-2A-1所示的一个简单接口的标准图。输入接口仅受处理器控制。无论何时处理器寻址输入口,外部数据总线上的数据被允许放到处理器数据总线上,并且当CPU把数据放到总线上时,这一数据是可用的。 在这种接口中,有一个三态缓冲器,它能迫使处理器总线与外部数据线有相同的二进制值。当在不允许状态时,缓冲器输出进入高阻“第三态”,它能从总线上有效地移开数据线,允许其他数据利用系统总线。
P3U2A Interfaces to External Signals and Devices 第三部分第二单元课文A 外部信号与设备的接口
A 外部信号与设备的接口
概述 系统总线上的信号以非常有序的顺序发生。每个信号以事件的特定顺序来启动并在一固定时间后或被另外时间的顺序而终止。在仅有存储器和微处理器的系统中,由微处理器直接启动总线事件。 独立的外部设备和无总线兼容的信号以及与系统总线信号无时态关系的信号都不能直接连到系统总线上。系统总线通信是通过输入/输出接口来完成的。输入/输出接口的主要作用是协调处理器与外部设备之间的数据传输,以及转换为处理器可识别形式的数据。接口的其他作用可提供电隔离、噪声抑制、临时数据存储或数据格式转换。 有几种类型的接口,例如并行输入/输出、数字-模拟转换、模拟-数字转换、实时时钟、直接存储器访问,都是常用的。这里,我们仅限于讨论并行I/O和A/D及D/A。
逐次逼近型A/D 应用在A/D转换器结构上有很广泛的技术。最普通的是逐次逼近型转换器。它具有适度速度和适度分辨率的优点。 它的作用:第一次将输入电压与设为满量程A/D参考电压一半的测试电压相比较。利用标准的D/A转换器来得到测试电压。如果第一次比较后,输入电压大于满量程的一半,那么设定最高有效输出位。如果输入电压小于满量程的一半,那么从测试电压中删掉满量程电压的一半,否则电压保持同一值。 下一次,四分之一的满量程参考电压加到测试电压上,将输入电压与测试电压再一次比较,如果输入电压超过测试电压,那么下一个最高有效位被设定,测试电压,第二位设为0,四分之一满量程参考电压被删除。 这一过程逐次以更小的加权二进制电压重复,直到测试完最低有效位。
自动化专业英语(第三版)教学课件l(1)
Lesson 2.2 Level Measurements
Topics discussed in this unit are as follows: • The formulas used in level measurements • The difference between direct and indirect
r=介he电ig常h数t o会f随th着e温pl度at的es变化而发生较大的改变,因此需要
进行温度校正。
d=depth or level of the liquid between the plates
• 其介面Ttnee或电中hmee深常,dpreee度数Cdraaa.。,tr表Iuenrre示表Elaq没示rs.g(o2有e电.2液t容vhd.6aa体板)rtita时h的tteeiC o的高mlniq电sp度dueC 容i,ridnaC ,latdeud表vraieμee示表llreics电c示otgrr容i电ricvee板c容cntio之o板bnny间s之tam液间nat体液yw的体bit液he的
自动化专业英语专业英语概述PPT课件
B:I majored in__________.
A: Tell me about the courses of your major in university.
B:I take more than 50 courses in university, including_____________________, and so on.
in which only the sign of the difference
between desired and actual temperatures
is used for control.
精品课件
5
1. 专业英语与普通英语
❖ The rotation of the earth on its own
Electrical automatic control ❖ 自动控制原理
Automatic control theory ❖ 现代控制原理
Modern control theory ❖ 微机原理
Principle of microcomputer ❖ 计算机控制技术
Computer control technique ❖ 过程控制系统
罩上。
精品课件
4
1.1 什么是专业英语
1. 专业英语与普通英语
(2) 外文科技文章在结构上也具有很多自身的特点, 如长句多,被动语态多,大量的名词化结构等, 这都给对原文的理解和翻译带来了基础英语中很 难解决的困难。
例: The heating system and the water
heater(热水器) in a house are system
使一个物体运动时,必须做功(词义引申)。
自动化专业英语(翻译)P3U1教学课件.pptx
第三部分第一单元课文A 计算机的结构与功能
▪ architecture n. 体系结构 ▪ instruction set 指令集 ▪ binary-coded adj. 二进制编码的 ▪ central processing unit (CPU) 中央处理器 ▪ processor n. 处理器 ▪ location n. (存储)单元 ▪ word length 字长 ▪ access v. 存取,接近 ▪ fetch v., n. 取来 ▪ field n. 域,字段 ▪ opcode n. 操作码 ▪ operand n. 操作数
▪ memory-mapped adj. 存储器映射的(统一编址)
P3U1A Computer Structure and Function
第三部分第一单元课文A 计算机的结构与功能
4. 难句翻译
[1] …how the instruction execution cycle is broken down into its various components. ……指令执行周期怎样分解成不同的部分。
存储器中的指令 存储器中的指令由CPU取来。除非发生 程序转移,它们按在存储器中出现的顺序来执行。用二进制形式 所写的指令叫做机器语言指令。一种得到(指令)有效形式的方 法是将(这些)位分成段,如图3-4A-2所示。每一段都包含一个 不同类型信息的代码。
P3U1A Computer Structure and Function
计算机的大多数工作涉及到ALU(逻辑运算单元),但为了使用 ALU指令,需要传送大量的数据。
5. 参考译文
P3U1A Computer Structure and Function
第三部分第一单元课文A 计算机的结构与功能
电气工程及其自动化专业英语.ppt
Machine with the Rotor at Standstill· • Unit 19 Armature Reaction of Salient-Pole
Synchronous Machine a Two-Reaction Theory
• Looked at another way, the leakage flux Φ 1 which links N1 turns alone and “leaks” between the two windings without linking the N2 turns, is a much smaller fraction of the total, making for(有助于, 倾向于) more efficient energy transfer.
Unit 11 The Transformer on No Load
• The Simple Two-Coil Transformer
The transformer is a straightforward application of Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction. The simple transformer consists of two coils in close proximity. One coil of N1 turns is excited with alternating current and therefore establishes a flux φ11 which alternates with the current (随时间交变). The other coil is linked by (与---交链)most of this flux and thus has a mutually induced e.m.f. of value e2=-N2dφ21/dt.
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3.2 The S-Plane, Pole-Zero Patterns , and Residue Calculation
3.2 The S-Plane, Pole-Zero Patterns , and Residue Calculation
• System characteristics polynomial is the name often used for the denominator polynomial of G(S).
3.1 Introduction
• The correlations between transfer functions and response characteristics are developed in terms of the positions of the system poles and zeros in the s-plane. These are powerful concepts which will also be used in the design of feedback to improve unsatisfactory behavior.
3.1 Introduction
• Inverse transformation of C(s)=G(s)R(sind the response c(t) to an input r(t), for the case where the roots of the denominators of C(s) are real and distinct.
Chapter three
Transfer Performance and The S-Plane
3.1 Introduction
• In this chapter the transient behavior of system described by given transfer function is considered, whether these describe a single block or have been obtained by block diagram reduction.
3.2 The S-Plane, Pole-Zero Patterns , and Residue Calculation
• It is important to note the angles in the splane have great significance, and therefore the scales on both axes must be identical.
• In the input-output relation C(s)=G(s)R(s), each of C,G ,and R is in general a ratio of polynomials in s. Definitions:
• Zeros of C,G and R are the roots of the their numerator polynomials.
• The cases of repeated roots and complex conjugate pairs will now also be considered, and the s-plane will provide the basis for a graphical alternative to the analytical method of calculating the residues.
• Poles of C,G and R are the roots of the their denominator polynomials.
• System zeros and system poles are those of the system transfer function G(s).
• The purpose is to establish correlations and to specify requirements that ensure satisfactory performance. The use of feedback to satisfy such requirements will be considered later.
3.2 The S-Plane, Pole-Zero Patterns , and Residue Calculation
• Since the polynomials have real coefficients, poles and zeros are either real or occur in complex conjugate pairs.
• They are values of s and can be plotted on a complex plane called the s-plane. Because s=+j, the real axis of the plane is the axis, and frequencies are plotted along the imaginary -axis.
• System characteristic equation identifies the result if the system characteristics polynomial is equated to zero. Evidently, its roots are the system poles.