常见单位转换关系式

常见单位转换关系式
发布：2008-12-14 10:51 |作者：llljq |来源：管道与设备技术网
[url=]Acceleration[/url]foot/second2, meter/second2, gal, galileo, inch/second2
1 m/s
2 =ft/s2 =100 cm/s2 = inch per sec ond squared (in ch/s2)
1
=m/s2 = cm/s2
ft/s2 :
1 g = m/s
2 = ft/s2
[url=]Area[/url]acre, are, barn, foot2, hectare, in ch2, mile2, sect ion, meter2, tow nship, yard2, hectares
1 m
2 = 1550 in2 = ft2 = yd2 = mile2
1 ft
2 = m2 = 144 in2 = 0,1111 yd2 = mile2
1 in
2 = cm2 = m2 = ft2 = yd2 = mile2
1 yd
2 = m2 = 1,296 in2 = 9 ft2 = mile2
1 mile
2 = m2 = in2 = ft2 = yd2=640 Acres
1 acre = 1/640 mile
2 = ha (Hectares) = 4, m2 =43,560 . = 4840 .
1 km
2 = 102 ha2 = 106 m2 = 1010 cm2 = 1012 mm2
1 ha (Hectare) = 104 m
2 = 108 cm2 = 1010 mm2 = Acres
1 cm
2 = 10-4 m2 = in2
1 mm
2 =
1 tow nship = 107 m2
1 sectio n = 106 m2
[url=]De nsity[/url]kg/cubic meter, gram/ce ntimeter3, lmb/cubic in ch, lbm/cubic foot, slug/cubic foot, kilogram/cubic meter, lbm/gallo n (US liq)
Den sity Water 1,000 kg/m3 = Lbs./ = Lbs./Gal. = ./Gal.
1 lb/ft3 = kg/m3 = g/cm3 = oz/in3 = oz/gal (Imperial) = oz/gal (U.S.) = lb/i n3
=27 lb/yd3 = lb/gal (Imperial) = lb/gal = ton /yd3
1 slug/ft3 = kg/m3
1 kg/l = lb/ft3
1 kg/m3 = g/cm3 = oz/in3 = oz/gal (Imperial) = oz/gal (U.S.) = Ib/ft3 = lb/in3
=lb/yd3 = lb/gal (Imperial) = lb/gal = to n/yd3
[url=]E nergy[/url]British Thermal Un it (Btu), calorie, joule, kilojoule, electro n volt, erg, foot lbf,
foot poun dal, kilocalorie, kilowatt hour, watt hour,
1 J (Joule) = 0,1020 kpm = kWh = kcal = ft lbf = 1 (kg m2)/s
2 = 1 watt seco nd = 1
Nm = 1 ft lb = Btu
1 kpm = J = kWh = kcal = ft lbf = Btu
1 kWh = J = kpm = kcal = ft lbf = Btu
1 kJ = 1 kNm = 1kWs = 103 J = Btu = ft lbf = kcal
1 Btu (British thermal unit) = 1, J = k pm = kWh = kcal = ft lbf = ergs = 25
2 cal =
watt hour
1 cal = J
1 kcal = 4186,8 J = 426,9 kp m = kWh = ft lbf = Btu = 1,000 cal
1 ft lbf (foot pound force) = J = kp m = kWh = kcal = Btu
1 hp h (horse power hour) = J = kWh
1 erg = 1 (g cm2)/s
2 = 10-7 J
1 eV = J
1 Q = 1018 Btu = J
1 Quad = 1015 Btu
1 kg m = ft lb = Btu = Joule
[url=]E nergy per un it mass[/url]
1 kJ/kg = 1 J/g = Btu/ lbm = kcal/kg
[url=]Flow[/url] - see Volume flow [url=]Force[/url]dyne, kilogram force (kgf), kilopound force, kip,
lbf (po und force), ounce force (avoirdupois), poun dal, n ewt on
1 N (Newt on) = kp = pdl = lbf = lbf = 1 (kg m)/s
2 = 105 dyn = 1/ kgf
1 lbf (Po und force) = N = kp = pdl = dyn
1 dyn = 1 (g cm)/s2
1 kg has a weight of 1 kp
1 kp (Kilopo nd) = N = Ibf = pdl
1 pdl (Pou ndal) = N = kp = Ibf
[url=]Heat flow rate[/url]
1 Btu/sec = 1, W
1 kW (kJ/s) = kpm/s = kcal/h = 3,413 Btu/h = hk = hp = 738 ft lb/s = 1,000 J/s =
J/h
1 kpm/s =kW =kcal/h =Btu/h = :hk = hp = ft lb/s
1 kcal/h =kW =kpm/s =Btu/h = :hk = hp = ft lb/s
1 Btu/h = =kW = =kpm/s = = kcal/h : =hk = hp = ft lb/s
1 kcal/h =kW
1 hk (metric horse power)= kW = kpm/s = kcal/h =2,510 Btu/h = hp = ft lb/s
1 hp = kW = kpm/s = kcal/h = 2,545 Btu/h =hk =ft lb/s
1 ft
lb/s : =kW : =kpm/s : = kcal/h : =Btu/h : =hk : =hp
[url=]Heat flux[/url]
1 Btu/ft
2 = kcal/m2 = J/m2K
1 Btu/ ft
2 h = W/m2
1 Btu/ft
2 oF = kcal/m2K = J/m2K
1 kcal/m
2 = Btu/ft2
1 kcal/m2K = Btu/ft2oF
[url=]Heat gen erati on per un it volume[/url]
1 Btu/ft3 = kcal/m3 = J/m3
1 Btu/ft3 h = W/m3
1 kcal/m3 = Btu/ft3
[url=]Heat gen erati on per un it mass[/url]
1 Btu/lb = kcal/kg = 2,326 J/kg 1 kcal/kg = Btu/lb
[url=]Heat tran sfer coefficie nt[/url]
1 Btu/ft
2 h oF = W/m2 K = kcal/h m2 oC
1 W/m2K = kcal/h m
2 oC = Btu/ ft2 h oF
1 kcal/h m
2 oC = W/m2K = Btu/ ft2 h oF
[url=]Hydraulic Gradie nts[/url]
1 ftH2O/100 ft = psi/100 ft = kPa/100 m = 1000 mmH2O/100 m
1 psi/100 ft = ftH2O/100 ft = 2288 mmH2O/100 ft = kPa/100 m
[url=]Le ngth[/url]feet, meters, cen timeters, kilometers, miles, furion gs, yards, micrometers, in ches,a ngstrom, cubit, fathom, foot, han d, league, light year, micron, mil, n autical mile, rod,
1 m (meter) = ft = in = yd = mile
1 km = mile = 3281 ft = 1094 yds
1 in (in ch) = mm = cm = m = ft = yd = mile
1 ft (foot) = m = 1
2 in = yd = mile = cm = mm
1 mm = 10-3 m
1 cm = 10-
2 m = in = ft
1 mm = in
1 …(…ngstrm) =-10 m
1 mile = km = 1, m = 63,346 in = 5,280 ft = 1,760 yd
1 mil (Norway and Swede n) = 10 kilometres
1 nm (n autical mile) = 1,85
2 metres = mile = feet
1 yd (yard) = m = 36 in = 3 ft = mile
1 Furlo ng = 660 feet = 40 rods = 1/8 mile
1 rod = yards
1 land league = 3 miles
1 Fathom = 6 feet = meters
[url=]Mass[/url], weightpo un ds, kilograms, grams, oun ces, grains, tons (lo ng), tons (short), tons
(metric), carat, grain, ounce mass, pound mass (lbm), slug, tonne
1 kg = 1,000 g = lb = slug 1 lb = 16 oz = kg = g = 7000 grains = slug
1 slug = kg = Ibm
1 grain = lb = g
1 g = gra ins = oz = lb
1 to nne = 103 kg = 106 g = 109 mg = to ns
1 qt = liters
1 Ton = 2000 Lbs. = 907 kg
1 long ton = 2240 pou nds
1 oz (ounce) = g = gra ins
1 troy pound = 1
2 troy ounces
1 scruple = 20 grains
1 dram = 3 scruples
1 apothecary ounce = 8 drams
1 apothecary pound = 1
2 apothecary ounces
1 penny weight = 24 grains
1 Gal. H2O = Lbs. H2O
Density, Specific Weight and Specific Gravity - An introduction and definition of density, specific weight and specific gravity. Formulas with examples.
[url=]Mass flow rate[/url]
1 lb/h = kg/s
1 lb/s = kg/s
1 lb/min = kg/s = kg/s
1 kg/s = 3,600 kg/h = lb/min
1 kg/h = kg/s = lb/min
Mome nt of In ertia
1 kg m
2 = 10000 kg cm2 = 54675 ounce in2 = lb in2 = lb ft2
[url=]Power[/url]horsepower, kilowatt, watt,btu/sec ond, calorie/sec ond, foot lbf/sec ond,
kilocalorie/sec ond
1 W = 1 kg m2/s3 = 1 Nm/s = 1 J/s
1 kW = 1,000 Watts = 3,41
2 Btu/h = 550 British hp = British hp = 103/ kgf m/s = ft
lbf/s = 103/ 75) metric hp
1 hp (En glish horse power) = W = kW = 550 ft lb/s = 2,545 Btu/h = ft lb/m = metric horse power ~= KVA
1 metric horse power = 736 W = 75 kg m/s = En glish horse power
1 refrigerati on Ton = 12,000 Btu/h cooli ng = kW = 3, k Calories/h
1 cooling tower Ton = 15,000 Btu/h = 3,78
2 k Calories/h
1 Therm = 100,000 Btu/h
1 ft lb/s = W
1 Btu/s = W
1 Btu/h = 1 Btuh = W = MBH
[url=]Power per unit area[/url]
1 W/m
2 = Btu/(h ft2) = kcal/(h m2)
[url=]Pressure[/url]atmosphere, cen timeters of mercury, foot of water, bar, barye, cen timeter of water, dyn e/ce ntimeter2, inch of mercury, inch of water, kgf/ce ntimeter2, kgf/meter2, lbf/foot2, lbf/in ch2 (psi), millibar, millimeter of mercury, pascal, torr, n ewto n/meter2
Stan dard Atmospheric Pressure 1 atm = kN/m2 = kPa = psia = 0 psig = in Hg =
760 torr = = (Water Gauge) = Lbs./.
1 N/m
2 = 1 Pa = lb/in2 = 1x10-5 bar = in water = ft water = mm water = in mercury = mm mercury = kg/m2 = atm
1 Pa = 10-6 N/mm
2 = 10-5 bar = kp/m2 = m H2O = atm = psi (lbf/i n2)
1 N/mm
2 = 106 Pa = 10 bar = kp/m2 = m H2O =atm = psi (lbf/i
n2)
1 mmHg = 1 torr = lb/i n2
1 atm = 101,325 Pa (N/m2) = kN/m
2 = kp/m2 = kp/cm2 = :bar = psi (lb/i n2)=
in H2O at 62 0F oC) = ft H2O at 62 0F oC)= m H2O at 62 0F oC) =in mercury
at 62 0F oC) = 760 mm mercury at 62 0F oC)= 760 torr
1 bar = 105 Pa (N/m2) = N/mm
2 = 10,197 kp/m2 : = m H2O =atm = psi (lbf/i n2)= 106 dyn/cm2 = 750 mmHg
1 kp/m
2 = Pa (N/m2) = N/mm2 = 10-
3 m H20 = 1 mm H20 = atm = psi (lb/in2)= in H2O = mm mercury
1 psi (lb/i n2) = 144 psf (lbf/ft2) = 6, Pa (N/m2) = N/mm
2 = bar = in H2O at 62oF = mm H2O at 62oF = in
mercury at 62oF = mm mercury at 62oF = kg/m2 = atm = Ft. H2O = 16 oun ces
1 psf (lbf/ft2) = N/m
2 (Pa) = lbf/i n2 (psi)
1 dyn/cm
2 = lbf/i n2
1 in mercury (Hg) = 3, N/m2= lb/in
2 = in water
1 Ounce =
1 = psi = Lbs./.
1 in water = N/m2= lb/i n
2 = kg/m2 = in mercury
1 m H2O = Pa = N/mm
2 = bar = 1,000 kp/m2 = atm = psi (lbf/i n2)
1 mm water = Pa (N/m2) = 1 kg/m
2 = mm mercury = atm
1 mm mercury = lb/i n
2 = 13
3 N/m2 = mm water
[url=]Rotati on [/url]revoluti ons,
1 r/min (rpm) = r/s = rad/s
1 r/s = 60 r/min = rad/s
1 rad/s = r/min (rpm) = r/s (rps)
[url=]Specific en ergy[/url], en thalpy, en tropy
1 Btu/lbm = 2, J/kg = kcal/kg = ft lbf / lbm = 10-4 hp hr / lbm = lbf/i n
2 / lbm/ft
3 =
kp m / g = 10-4 kcal/g = kJ/kg
1 J/kg = Btu/lbm = kcal/kg
1 kcal/kg = Btu/lbm = 4,187 J/kg
[url=]Specific heat capacity[/url]
1 J/(kg K) = kcal/(kg oC) = Btu/(lbm oF)
1 kJ/(kg K) = kcal/(kg oC) = Btu/(lbm oF)
1 Btu/(lbm oF) = 4, J/ (kg K) = 1 kcal/(kg oC)
1 kcal/(kg oC) = 4, J/ (kg K) = 1 Btu/(lbm oF)
[url=]Specific Volume[/url]
1 m3/kg = ft3/lbm = 27680 in 3/lbm = US gal/lbm =1000 liter/kg
1 liter/kg = ft3/lbm = in 3/lbm = US gal/lbm = m3/kg
1 ft3/lbm = :1728 in 3/lbm : = US gal/lbm =liter/kg = =m3/kg
1 in 3/lbm : =ft3/lbm = US gal/lbm = liter/kg = m3/kg
1 US gal/lbm = ft3/lbm : =231 in 3/lbm = liter/kg = m3/kg [url=]Temperature[/url]celsius, rankine, kelv in, cen tigrade, fahre nheit.
1 oC = oF
1 oF = oC
0 oC correspo nds to 32 oF, K and R
T(oR) = (9/5)T(K)
T(oF) = [T(oC)](9/5) + 32
T(oF) = [T(K) - ](9/5) + 32
T(oC) = 5/9[T(oF) - 32]
[url=]Thermal con ductivity[/url]
1 W/(m K) = kcal/(h m oC) = Btu/(ft h oF)
1 Btu/(ft h oF) = W/(m K) = kcal/(h m oC)
1 kcal/(h m oC) = W/(m K) = Btu/(ft h oF)
[url=]Thermal diffusivity[/url]
1 ft
2 /s = m2/s
1 ft
2 /h = m2/s
[url=]Thermal resista nce[/url]
1 (h oF)/Btu = K/W
[url=]Time[/url]year, mon th, day, hour, minu te, sec ond, millisec ond
1 h = 3,600 s = 60 min
1 ms (milliseco nd) = 10-3 s 1 s (microsecond) = 1-6 s 1 ns(nanosecond) = 10-9 s
[url=]Torque, Mome nt[/url]foot-po und torque, n ewt on-meter
1 ft lb = Nm
[url=]Velocity[/url], speedfoot/sec ond, in ch/sec ond, meter/sec ond, kilometer/hour, knot, mile/hour, nautical mile per hour
kn ot (nautical mile per hour)= m/s = kilometers per hour = miles per hour= 1
n autical miles per hour 1 League = Miles
[url=]Viscosity dyn amic[/url]
1 lb/(ft s) = Pa s = P = 1,488 cP = kp s/m2
1 cP (Ce ntipoise) = 10-3 Pa s = P =
kp s/m2 = lb/(ft s)
= (N s)/m2
1 kg/(m s ) = 1 (N s)/m
2 = lbm/(ft s) = 10 Poise
1 P (Poise) = Pa s = 100 cP = kp s/m
2 = lb/(ft s) = kg/ms 1 Pa s (N s/m2) = 10 P (Poise) = 10
3 cP = kp s/m2 = lb/(ft s)
1 kp s/m
2 = Pa s = P = 9,807 cP = lb/(ft s)
1 rey ns = 1 1bf s/in
2 = Pa s
Dynamic, Absolute and Kinematic Viscosity - An introduction to dynamic, absolute and kin ematic viscosity and how to con vert betwee n Cen tiStokes (cSt), Cen tiPoises (cP), Saybolt Uni versal Seconds (SSU) and degree En gler.
[url=]Viscosity kin ematic[/url]
1 ft2/s = m2/s 1 ft2/ h = s
m/s = km/h =mph
m/s = km/h = 88 ft/min = =5280 ft/hr = Ft./sec.= knots
km/h =
ft/min : = mph
m/s = ft/min
:
= mph =
=knot
m/s
ft/min = mph = m/s = km/h =
ft/s =
1 St (Stokes) = 1x10-4 m2/s = 100 cSt = ft2/s
1 m2/s = 104 St = 106 cSt = ft2/s= 38750 ft2/h
1 cSt (Ce ntistokes) = 10-6 m2/s = St = ft2/s
[url=]Volume[/url]barrel, gall on, cubic cen timeter (cm3), cubic feet (foot3), cubic inch (in ch3),
cubic meter (meter3), cubic yard (yard3), quarts, liters, acre foot, board foot, bushel, cord, cup,
dram, fluid oun ce, peck, pint, quart, tablespo on, teaspo on,
1 ft3 = m3= dm3 = yd3 = Imp. gal (UK)= gal (US)= :1,728 .
1 in3 = m3 = dm3 (liter)= cm3 = 16390 mm3 = ft3
1 Gallo n (U.S.) =m3 = dm3 (liter)= ft3 = yd3 = Imp. gal (UK) = 4 Quarts = 8
Pi nts
1 Imp. gal (UK) =m3 = dm3 =ft3 = =yd3 = :gal (US)
1 dm3 (Liter)= 10-3 m3 =ft3 : =yd3 =Imp gal (UK)= Gallo ns (US) = Quarts :
Pi nts
1 yd3 = m3 = dm3 = 27 ft3 = Imp. gal (UK) =gal (US) =46,656 . = 1616 Pints :
Quarts = Liters
1 pin t (pt) = dm3 (liter) = 16 fl. oz. (fluid ounce) = in3
1 km3 = 109 m3 = 101
2 dm
3 (liter) = 1015 cm3 = 1018 mm3
1 cm3 = in3
1 m3 = 103 dm3 (liter) = ft3 = yd3 = Imp. gal (UK) = gal (US) = 61,023 .=
1 Hogshead = 63 Gallo n =
1 Barrel liquid = Gallo ns liquid
1 Barrel beer = Gall ons beer
1 Barrel oil (petroleum) = 4
2 Gallo ns oil
1 Bushel = . = 3
2 Quarts (Dry) = 64 Pi nts (dry) = 4 Pecks
1 quart (qt) =
2 pi nts = in
3 = 1/8 dry quarts
1 fluid ounce (fl. oz.) =
2 tablespo ons = in
3 = milliliters
1 cord = 128 ft3
1 peck = 8 dry quarts
1 cup = 8 . (fluid ounce)
one board foot = piece of lumber 1 foot wide x 1 foot long x 1 inch thick
[url=]Volume flow[/url]
1 dm3/s (kg/s water) = Imp. gal (UK)/min
1 m3/s = 3,600 m3/h = 1,000 dm3(liter)/s = ft3/s = 2, ft3/min = 13,200 (UK)/min =
15,852 gal (US)/min
1 m3/h = m3/s = dm3(litre)/s = ft3/s = ft3/mi n (cfm) = (UK)/min = gal
(US)/min
1 m3/h = 103 dm3(litre)/h = dm3(litre)/min = dm3(litre)/s
1 ft3/min = m3/h = l/s = :Mi n.
1 dm3(litre)/s = 10-3 m3/s = m3/h = ft3/s = ft3/mi n (cfm) = (UK)/min = gal
(US)/min = 792 Imp. gal (UK)/h
1 dm3(litre)/s = 60 litre/min = =3,600 litre/h
1 ft3/s = m3/s = m3/h = dm3(litre)/s = 60 ft3/min =
(UK)/min = gal (US)/min
1 (UK)/min = m3/s = m3/h = dm3(litre)/s = (US)/min
1 gal (US)/min = m3/s = m3/h = dm3(litre)/s = ft3/s = (UK)/min ft3/s = ft3/min = 1,201 gal
ft3/min = Imperial gal。