商志考研英语(修正版)
商志考研英语词汇逐词精讲
晚 22 20 播出 前言
1. 考研英语考试大 对词汇的要求
考生应能掌握 5 500
3147 词汇
讲 商
最新考研英语考试大 指出
的词汇
第一，考研英语考试大 词汇表已 连续 年 2015 年 2014 年 2013 年 未变 年来大 词汇表完全一 ，既没有增 任何一个单词， 没有删 任何一个单词 考研英语 ，2013 年考试大 比 2012 年考试大 增 了 60 个单词 单词 原来的单词一共是 5500 个 第 据 ，考研英语考试大 规定，阅读理解中会出现不到 3%的超 文推测生词的 新增的 60 个
4. command v./n. 命 掌握，运用 例 1 command the English language with skill and gift. 例 2 have a good command over computer 5. gift n. 赋 piano gift 例 1 literary gift 例 2 It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace. 6. aspire to (do) sth. [ə'spaɪə(r)] 后接动词不定式表示追求的目标 渴望做 例 1 They don’t aspire to command the English language well. 例 2 As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders. 心勃勃的 例 3 It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. 抱负 热望 向 渴望 7. degrade upgrade 8. linguist v. 退化 v. 升级 n. 语言学家 degradation n. 退化，档次降 grade n. 年级 级别 linguistic a. 语言的 linguistics n. 语言学
考研商志英文作文
考研商志英文作文英文：As someone who has taken the postgraduate entrance examination in business, I believe that pursuing a master's degree in business is a wise decision. There are several reasons why I think so.Firstly, a master's degree in business providesstudents with a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the field. Through coursework and research, students can gain a deeper understanding of variousbusiness theories and practices. This knowledge can help them develop critical thinking skills and make informed decisions in their future careers.Secondly, pursuing a master's degree in business can expand one's career opportunities. Many employers prefer candidates with advanced degrees, and having a master's degree in business can give job seekers a competitive edge.Additionally, a master's degree can qualify graduates for higher-level positions with better salaries and benefits.Finally, pursuing a master's degree in business can help individuals develop a strong professional network. Through interactions with professors, classmates, and alumni, students can build valuable connections that can lead to job opportunities and career advancement.In conclusion, pursuing a master's degree in business can provide numerous benefits, including a deeper understanding of the field, expanded career opportunities, and a strong professional network.中文：作为一名参加过商科研究生入学考试的人，我认为攻读商科硕士学位是一个明智的决定。
2016商志考研英语笔记【优质】
A：When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn't biting hernails just yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn't cutting, filling orpolishing as many nails as she'd like to, either. Most of her clients spend＄12 to ＄50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenlyStopped showing up.biting her nails=scratch one’s head不知所措，束手无策；when it comes to名词，主谓。
a用法：引出文章topicb翻译为：当提到。
时当谈及。
时Writing： when it comes to 题目，opinions vary。
Many tend to claimthat 。
Others，however，may contend thatclaim 主张，认为 some——some peopleHold many——many peopleArgue few ——Contend those——注：日本人——Those who are from japan，（写作：简单问题复杂化。
）省略“people”Those who are from average universities。
Top universitymay/might主语 + tend to + 谓语。
seem toB、This is an explosive situation（危急关头，可怕局面） for any industry（行业）, particularly a declining one.Slowing/Falling/Declining/Fading*slowing 减速的 *falling 日以下跌的，逐渐下跌的Acceleration加速falling communication costsSlowdown减速falling transportation costs/spending/budgetGrowing industrial competitiveness of emerging economies*declining 衰退的，走下坡路的A declining industry global economic decline例：北师大now is on thedecline while 东北师大is now on the riseIndustry 行业Energy-intensive industryAuto industryOne作代词仿：This is an explosive situation for any country，particularly for adeveloping one。
商志考研英语
商志考研英语摘要:商志考研英语是商务管理专业考研英语的简称。
对于商科考生来说，英语是非常重要的一门课程，它不仅是考研考试的一部分，也是商界交流的重要工具。
本文将从商志考研英语的重要性、学习方法和备考策略等方面进行探讨。
第一章：商志考研英语的重要性商志考研英语作为商务管理专业的一门必修课程，对考研学生的发展和职业规划有着重要的影响。
首先，商志考研英语是考研英语的一部分，考研成绩对于学生后期的深造和求职都有着决定性的作用。
其次，商界是一个国际化的舞台，掌握好英语能力对于进入商业领域、与外国客户合作以及跟踪国际商业动态都有着重要意义。
因此，学好商志考研英语是每个商科考生必不可少的。
第二章：学习商志考研英语的方法学习商志考研英语需要恒心和坚持，下面给出一些学习方法供参考。
首先，要充分利用各种学习资源，如网络课程、教辅资料和商志考研英语专业书籍等，将其作为学习的基础。
其次，要注重练习和应用，通过模拟考试、作文写作等方式提高语言表达能力。
再次，要注重听说读写四个方面的综合能力，培养自己的听力理解、口语表达和阅读写作能力。
最后，要参加真题训练和模拟考试，了解考试形式和要求，提高备考策略。
第三章：备考策略备考商志考研英语需要制定一套科学合理的备考策略。
首先，要了解考试大纲和命题方式，明确考点和考纲，确保备考重点准确无误。
其次，要制定详细的备考计划，合理安排时间，将复习任务分解成每日、每周计划，确保全面复习。
再次，要进行有针对性的练习和复习，注重查漏补缺，避免遗漏重要知识点。
最后，要进行模拟考试和真题训练，检验自己的备考成果，发现薄弱环节，及时调整备考策略。
第四章：商志考研英语的应用商志考研英语不仅仅是为了迎接考试，还具有广阔的应用领域。
首先，商界交流是商科学生必须面对的挑战，通过学好商志考研英语可以提高与外国客户沟通和合作的能力，为商业活动提供帮助。
其次，商界动态和市场分析需要丰富的商业词汇和市场分析能力，学好商志考研英语有助于掌握相关知识和技能。
考研英语万能作文模板-—商志英语作文模板(最好用的版本)
考研英语万能作文模板-—商志英语作文模板(最好用的版本) Introduction:考研英语作文是考研英语的一个重要组成部分，对于考生来说，高分获得不仅需要良好的词汇与语法，更关键的是一套完整的作文模板。
本文提供一套商志英语作文模板，希望对有需要的考生有所帮助。
Body:I. BackgroundAs technology advances, the traditional way of work is undergoing drastic changes. With the development of the Internet, smart machines and artificial intelligence, some jobs that once only existed in science fiction movies are becoming reality. As a result, the future employment prospects for young people are being questioned by many.II. The Advantage of Traditional JobsAlthough technology provides a myriad of opportunities for our careers, we should not underestimate the value of traditional jobs. First of all, traditional jobs usually require more hands-on work and face-to-face communication, which helps people to improve their soft skills, such as communication, leadership andteamwork. Secondly, traditional jobs provide a sense of stability and job security. Most traditional professions have a long history and established a mature system, which can ensure that the employees have a stable income and enjoy various benefits such as social insurances and pensions.III. The Prospect of New JobsDespite the advantages of traditional jobs, new ones will also prove irresistible to young people. With the growth in demand for innovation and creativity, new jobs involving technology and internet will be immensely promising and rewarding to those who possess the necessary skills. For example, jobs related to artificial intelligence, big data, and e-commerce are immensely promising. They demand continuously upgraded skills and bring a higher income and more promising career prospects.IV. ConclusionIn conclusion, there are pros and cons to both traditional and new jobs, and there is no single perfect solution for everyone. Young people should consider their interests and strengths and choose the career path that best fits them. In the process, they should also be constantly developing their skills and adapting to the changing job market in order to excel in their chosen field.Conclusion:In summary, the future job market is unpredictable, but the best way for young people to prepare for it is to be adaptable andmake the most of the opportunities presented to them. The right career path should not be chosen solely for its future prospects, but based on individual interest and suitability. By making an informed decision and upgrading their skills, young people can make themselves more marketable and stand out from the crowd in the ever-growing job market.。
考研英语作文商志模板
How a compelling and thought-provoking the above image is! [What is apparently betrayed in the cartoon is……,in contrast,……]What on earth can we derive form the interesting and instructive drawing? It goes without saying that (There is no denying the fact that ) what the painter actually aims to convey in the picture is profound. Primarily, we can learn that such cases are far from being rare and upsetting parallels can be readily found anywhere form our neighborhood and around the world. What is more, there has been a growing concern nowadays over the worsening phenomenon. (It is hard to imagine what our society would be like years later if this pervasive trend goes unchallenged.)Additionally, to reverse the grim situation, effective and efficient measures should be entailed by all parties concerned. (The authorities, the mass media and every one are on the list.)Enhancing people awareness of such practices and setting up relevant rules and regulations are top priorities of the agenda. (139)Considering what has presented above, we may safely come to the conclusion(综上所述，结论如下）that it is high time that such things vanish or disappear, can we maintain a happy, healthy, and harmonious society as we all wish.(43ws)What a compelling and thought-provoking drawing it is! As is vividly presented in the interesting and instructive cartoon above, ….. in contrast, ……What on earth does the drawer really attempt to convey?Simple as the image implicate mirrored apparently has aroused wide-spread social concern 。
科学实验类-商志考研英语笔记
科学实验类NO.11997.03药物滥用Paragraph1⊕technically adv严格意义上说technique n技术。
Substance n物质。
Other than除···以外The truth is quite other than what you think 实施真相和你们想的完全不一样Bodily adj生理的、身体的Physical adj身体的Bodily or mental functioning生理或心理机能Mental disorder心理疾病。
Mental adj精神的⊕主语（插入）谓语1.从句。
2.-ed/-ing/to/adj/prep3.tend to/send to/may/might4.双逗号、双破折号结构⊕many people mistakenly believe很多人错误的认为Mistakenly adv错误地。
He/I believes（that）···他我相信Term n术语，专业用语，期限；v把···称为。
The substance is termed as兴奋剂。
At his age，he can hardly be termed a young man。
到了这个年纪，他称不上是年轻人了Some kind/sort/type of某些Legal adj合法的、法律的=lawfulLegal learning法律知识Morphine n吗啡。
Cocaine可卡因Drug addict吸毒者、瘾君子。
Drug and alcohol abuse吸毒和酗酒Prescribed drugs处方药Be addicted to沉溺于···，痴迷于··Many youngsters，as is known to all，are addicted to the Internet，causing heightened concerns about internet addiction。
[考研英语]商志英语作文模板
![[考研英语]商志英语作文模板](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/0ea2785c16fc700abb68fcf2.png)
[考研英语]商志英语作文模板翻译一定要写满，而不要在乎句子是否完整通顺。
当然别忘了标点符号，最后别忘了句号。
小作文顶多120字，要在第一页写完，不要拖到页面2，切忌～页面2用于写大作文，220字左右，相当于B5纸的一半，一定要认真练习适应～大作文单号版:What a compelling and thought-provking drawing it is! As is vividly presented in theinteresting and instructive cart oon above, ……(句1),in contrast,……(句2)。
What on earth does the drawer really attempt to convey?注释:thought-provking 中间的是连字符，不能去掉，不管它是位于同一行还是两个不同的行。
Compelling and thought-provking 两个ing 押尾韵，俗称绝句Interesting and instructive 两个押头韵in contrast 路标性词汇，前后形成对比。
句1一般用来简单描述漫画内容，句2和句1形成对比例如:06年的一个小男孩。
另一个小男孩(两个矛盾方面描述) 04年起点也是终点穿中国服装的美国女孩。
前一句写漂亮，后一句子转折写穿中国服装。
00年世界捕鱼(以前怎么样，现在怎么样)温室花朵(温室里面花朵怎么样，外面花朵怎么样)On earth:究竟加强语气Drawer=作者。
不能写author显得俗气Really:可去掉，但不丰满第二段Simple as the image is the implications(启示)mirrored(反映)are apprantly far-reaching(深远的)。
Initially such a phenomenon as revealed in the picture has aroused wide-spread socialconcern(关注)。
(完整版)商志考研英语3147单词(全新word整理版)
Unit One 9701vote v./n.投票debate v./n.辩论，争论authority n.政府；权威专家，权威（人士）occupation authorities占领当局be authorized to do得到授权be entitled to(do)sth.被赋予做…的权利，有做权利incurably ill patients晚期患者terminally ill晚期的，终期的convince v.坚信，相信；令人信服word n.消息flash v./n.闪现，闪动，出现executive a.执行的n.执行官chief executive首席执行官the right to…（有）做…的权利have rights doing sth.有权做某事society n.协会，社团academic~学术社团specific society具体的、特定的社团community n.…界,团体；社会，社区legal community法律界scientific community科学界religious community宗教团体health research community医疗研究团体via prep.经由，通过post v.张贴，发布；（在网上）发帖bulletin n.公告，报告import n.重要性，重要意义；进口implications n.含义，意义；暗示，启示imply v.暗示，推论出；蕴含着…implicit a.不言明(含蓄)的explicit a.表达明确地，明白的sink in被了解alike adj.类似的，同类的deal with安排，处理，思考breathe sighs of relief轻松地出了一口气association n.协会associate…with…把…和…联系起来bitterly adv.尖酸刻薄地，厉害地bill n.法案，法律；账单passage n.通过；经过；道路，通道tide n.潮流，趋势likely adj/adv.很有可能，可能的=possible be likely to常常，很有可能unlikely adj.不可能=impossibleaging population老龄化的人口extend v.延长，延伸，推广life-extending technology延长寿命的技术extended family三代以上同堂的家庭模式be extended indefinitely无限期延长get on with继续做have something to d o with…与…有关have much to do with与…很有关系observer n.观察者，旁观者observe v.观察，注意；评论observation观察（报告）,观察（结论）;评论make observations做评论domino（es）多米诺效应（~effect）request v.请求，要求deadly adj.致命的dreadful adj.可怕的；极大的inject v.注射，注入pill n.药丸suffering n.痛苦，受罪suffer v.遭受diagnose v.诊断cool off平静下来，变凉certificate n.证明（书、证等）haunting a.常浮现于脑海中的，不易忘怀的terrifying a.可怕的，令人害怕的spiritual a.精神上的fight for努力…，为…而努力claw v.抓（scratch）mask n.面具object to反对objection toobjectionable引起反对的，讨厌的objective adj.客观的objectivity n.客观性impartial adj.公正，客观share the same view on对…持相同观点be responsible for对…负责（表示原因）significance n.重要性，意义calm a.平静的，镇静的intense a.强烈的，剧烈的（~fear非常担心）characteristic n.（~s）特点，特色a.特有的be characteristic of特点是=be typical of be characterized by特点是，以…为特点experience v./n.经历（=undergo=go through）shared experience共同的经历、经验perish v.死亡，变腐败in peril处在危险中approve v.赞同（approval）disapproval n.反对indifferent a.漠不关心的,冷漠的（indifference）carefree adj.不关心的，冷漠的suspect v.怀疑，不信suspicion n.怀疑，猜疑，不信be suspicious of表示怀疑subjective adj.主观的biased adj.有偏见的（=prejudiced）prejudice n./v.（持有）偏见=bias puzzling adj.令人困惑的puzzle v.困惑word~填字游戏puzzlement n.困惑,不明白的地方=confusionconfused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人不解的confuse v.茫然，困惑；混淆confusion n.困惑，混淆optimistic adj.乐观的optimism n.乐观（精神）pessimistic adj.悲观的pessimism n.悲观（精神）reserve v.预留，保留；储备（金）reserved adj.有保留的reserve space保留位置，空间consent v.同意slight adj.轻微的enthusiastic adj.热情的enthusiast n.热衷者，狂热分子gloomy adj.前途暗淡的gloom n.昏暗；暗淡doom n.末日，宿命gloom and~悲伤沮丧scary adj.令人害怕的,可怕的scar n.伤疤scared adj.感到害怕的Unit Two 9702consistent a.一直的，一贯的，始终如一的courteous a.谦恭有礼的court n.法庭，法院，足球场frequently adv.经常，频繁地（反义词rarely）small-minded a.小心眼儿的ill-mannered a.态度恶劣的，粗鲁的deserve v.应该有，应该受到；值得comment on（做）评论otherwise adv./adj.原本，本来dull a.无趣的，无聊的（dullness）existence n.存在；生存状态,生活（life）typically ad.通常，一般地（=generally）distant a.远的，距离远的source n.来源，本源；根源，原因=origin diversion n.娱乐；转移diverse adj.不同的，多种多样的diversity n.多样化program n.项目；程序=projectharsh a.残酷的；严厉、苛刻的（harshness）harsh realities残酷现实frontier n.边境，前方shape v.塑造，形成；外形，体形reshape v.重塑hospitality n.友好，好客（~to sb.）injure v.伤害（injury）turn to诉诸，求助于，寻求…的帮助=resort tolodge n.乡间小屋，旅社v.借宿，临时住cabin n.小屋settlement n.住所shelter n.藏身处，避难处v.保护，庇护residence n.住处，住宅；居住dwelling n.住所，处所dwell v.住，居住mere（ly）adj./adv.仅仅，不过，只（=only）charitable a.仁慈的，慈善的impulse n.冲动；推动，动力on the part of…从…的角度（on my part在我看来）reflect v.反映，表现（=mirror）；反省，反思（~on）reflection n.weary a.疲倦的，筋疲力尽的（=exhausted）tourist trails旅游线路pretty ad.相当地（~soon非常一小会儿）pretty=fairly=ratherproper a.适当正确的，完全彻底的（properly）casual a.不经意的，偶然的，临时的casualness n.随便，随意，非正式interpret v.阐释，说明interpret as理解为，解释为artificial a.假的，人造的；矫揉造作的historically developed历史形成(发展而来)的developed society发达国家emerging countries新兴国家As is true of…正如…一样complex a.复杂的,综合的n.大型建筑（群）complicated a.结构复杂的a set of一整套的signal n.信号sign n.迹象，征兆；符号assume v.（没有根据地）认为，假定；承担assumption n.假设，假定，设想，认为not necessarily未必underlie v.形成了，构成了(…的基础)；强调fail v.失败fail to不能，未能translate v.转化；理解more than不仅仅是，远远胜过brief a.短暂的，简短的in brief简而言之brief n.概要，简短情况介绍encounter v./n.相遇，遇到distinguish between区分，区别value…highly非常珍视be interralated相互联系exercise v.行使,使产生~an influenceover…manifest v.体现，显现（~oneself）~ation manifesto n.宣言，声明exclusive adj.独一的（exclusive use单独使用）equal v.等于，相当于entertain v.招待，款待(=treat)；使娱乐out of出于…out of charitable impulse出于慈善的冲动flavor n.风味keep up维持，持续（传统，习惯等）keep up with跟上，追上keep doing一直，持续做某事Unit Three 9703substance n.物质other than除了（…之外）rather than而不是technically a.技术上，学术上technical progress技术进步professional progress职业发展alter v.改变mental a.精神的drug n.药品term n.术语，专用名词v.把…叫做/称为human term普通人可以理解的说法refer to指…，指的是；谈到，提及chemical n.化学药品，化学制品addict n.沉迷…的人v.（~to）沉迷于addiction n.（to）上瘾，沉迷familiar a.熟悉的alcohol白酒，酒精tobacco n.烟草neutral a.中性的psychologist n.心理医生，心理学家psychoactive作用于精神的,影响(改变)心理状态的abuse v./n滥用;虐待patient abuse虐待病人make clear解释，说明misuse v.误用，用错；使用…不当heroin n.海洛因cocaine n.可卡因pervasive a.广泛的（=widespread）aspirin n.阿司匹林quiet v.使安静；平息下来sociable a.社交的，增进友谊的nerve n.神经；勇气，胆量apparent a.显然的，明显的=obvious apparently adv.显然，明显地constructive a.建设性的negative effects a.副作用，消极作用impact n.深刻影响,冲击have significant~ onpoison v中毒，投毒(~ous有毒的) perceptual v.知觉的，感觉的perception n.知觉，感觉perceive v.观察，感知distort v.扭曲，歪曲（~ion）repeated use反复使用，再三使用repeated adj.再三的，反复的，重复性的lead to导致，造成（=result in=cause）substance dependence物质（药物）依赖be dependent on/upon依赖于independent a.独立的be~of不受…的限independence n.独立be marked by以…为明显特征tolerance n.容忍，承受（tolerate v.）be tolerant of容忍tolerate v.忍受，容忍desire n./v.期望,希望~ed effect预期的效果appearance n.表现；外表unpleasant n.令人不愉快的pleasure n.快乐withdraw v.撤销，撤退，收回（withdrawal n.）symptom n.症状discontinue v.停止，废止，放弃affect v.影响effect n.影响；效果mood n.情绪，心情group v.归类，分类=classifystimulate v.刺激(stimulant n.使人兴奋的物质)depress v.使压抑，使消沉，使沮丧depressant n.使人镇静、情绪压抑的物质illusion v.错觉（hallucination n.幻觉，幻想）hallucinogens n.迷幻剂initially adv.最初，起初（=originally）；第一，首先（=primarily）speed up加速（slow down减速，放缓）activate v.刺激，使活跃起来primary a.初步的，首要的;主要的，重要的primarily adv.主要的（=predominantly）首先，第一（=firstly=initially）primacy n.首要地位，优势= predominancevariety n.多样性,各种各样a~of各种各样的radical a.根本的，彻底的，激进的radical change/reform彻底的改革/变革state of consciousness意识状态conscious a.有意识的，有知觉的be preferable to比…更让人喜爱，更可取,更好preference n.优先权，优惠preferential adj.优惠的,优先的~policiesin that之所以这样是因为（解释原因）fatal a.致命的，毁灭性的overwhelming a.压倒性的，无法抵抗的piercing a.刺穿的，深刻的，感人的pierce v.刺穿，刺透，刺fierce激烈的result from由…而产生，来源于；原因是…=arise from=stem from…be attributed to归因于，归功于attribute…to…把…的原因归为blame归咎于,责备owe…to…原因在于，原因是=due to consumption n.消费,消费量(consume v.) production and consumption生产与消费pattern n.模式,形式,方式standard~标准模式purpose n.目的（=intention）quantitative a.定量的，按一定数量的application（to）n.应用，使用technological application科学技术的运用apply v.（to）应用，适用于employ v.使用；雇佣employer n.用人单位；老板employment n.使用；职位part time employment兼职工作full time employment全职工作disease n.疾病positive a.积极的（nagative a.消极的）positive forces积极力量=driving forces推动力Unit Four 9704contribute to导致，促成；为…做了贡献contribution n.促成因素(=contributing factors)decline n./v.衰退，下跌economic/moral decline经济/道德衰退declining adj.处于衰退的a~industryfade v.渐渐消失，衰弱，减弱fading adj.处于衰退的，日渐消失的falling adj.日渐降低的，日益衰退的rising adj.越来越多(大)的=growing,soaring,increasingfall v./n.下跌，降低（fell，fallen）=drop rise v./n.上升，增加（rose，risen）on the rise/decline处于上升/下跌、衰退accomplish v.实现，完成，达到complete v.完成，使完善adj.完整的,完全incomplete不完全的career n.职业生涯corrupt v.腐蚀，使恶化a.腐败的various a各种各样的，各不相同的times n.时代creative freedom创作自由bottom line底线core n./a.核心（的），中心take over接管，接班，接任late a.已逝的,已故的alive adj.活着的raise stock price提高股票价格debt n.债务deal n.交易dealership n.经销商property n.财产intellectual property知识产权restructure v.结构重组,调整结构,体制改革reengineer v.再设计，重新建造，结构重组flap n./v.辩论，辩护debate n.争论,辩论hip-hop街舞expression n.表达~freedom表达自由defend v.保卫，辩护defender n.支持者，辩护人=supporter defendant n.被告justify v.证明…合理，为…而辩护be justified有道理scientifically justified科学上合理的justifiable adj.合理的defend/justify…on the grounds that/of为…而辩护，理由是…release v.发表，发行issue v.under fire受攻击violent a.暴力的，猛烈的violence n.暴力school violence校园暴力violate v.违反，违背（规章等）=infringe violate the rules and regulationstest n./v.测试，检验；试验democratic a.民主的，大众化的column n.专栏lie in在于the widest possible latitude最大的幅度dispute v./n.争执，争论beyond~毋庸质疑disputable a.有争议的irritating a.令人愤怒的，使人气愤的compromise v./n.妥协，让步（=retreat；=back off）stockholder n.股东，股票持有人cite v.引用，引证balance n./v.平衡announce v.宣布=declarelaunch v.发动，发起~a drive to do sth. drive v.驱动，推动driving force推动力，驱动力be driven underground被赶到地下，暗处develop v.制定，培养；发展；研发develop standards制定标准distribute v.分发，分配；发行，销售distribution n.发行，销售；发放，分布collection n.收集information collection and distribution信息的收集与发布board n.董事会；委员会boss and board管理层=the management licencing board执照颁发委员会be supportive of支持oppositive adj.相反的oppose v.反对insider n.业内人士，知道内情的人士people associated with…与…有关联的人senator n参议员amendment n.（法律、合同等的）修改,修订unite v.团结，联合为一Unit Five 9705monetary a.金融的，货币的steer v.驾驶，驾驭land v.着陆（take off起飞，猛增）brake n./v.闸；刹车precise a.精确的far from the truth远非事实variable a.不确定的，易变的effect（on…）n.影响（=influence on）hence adv.因此就出现了，因此就有了analogy n.类比nanlogous adj.相当于，类似于conduct v./n进行…行为；行为（~online transactions进行网上贸易）liken…to…v.把…比作…crack v.破裂，破碎rear v.后部的，后面的view n.景色，风景；观点，看法faulty a有缺点的，不完美的banker n.银行家boast v.值得夸耀，引以为豪double-digit两位数poll v.投票选出percentage n.百分比favorable a有利的capacity n.最大承受力（能力），最大承受量（容量）utilization n.利用，使用prove v.(结果)竟然是,原来是,证明是;证明thrilling n.令人激动的follow v.遵循，按照…去做comparable a.可比较的，可比作extremely a.极端地，非常地last v.持续（一段时间）amaze v.令人吃惊，使吃惊amazing a.神奇的，奇异的Unit Six 9801it doesn’t help that无法阻止，无法避免capture v.吸引,引起；俘获，夺取(~one’s attentio n/imagination)giant dam巨大的水坝gigantic adj.巨大的=giant=titanicat the mercy of任凭…摆布drought n.干旱（flood n.洪涝）ideal n.理想a.理想的give up on…as an ideal放弃…的理想do one’s bidding听从某人的吩咐fascinating adj.令人着迷的，迷人的fascination n.着迷,异常兴奋be fascinated（with）对…着迷project n.(各类)建设项目;研究项目,计划threaten（to do）有…的危险，威胁（到）= riskthreat n.威胁symbol n.象征strive to do something/for something努力奋斗assert oneself表现自己cement v.巩固，加强bid n.出价，投标bid for（投标）竞争,争取得到overbidding过高出价status n.地位；状态tend to往往，通常会intend v.打算，目的在于~doing/to do sth.be intended to do目的在于tendency n.趋势trend n.趋势，倾向deprive somebody of something剥夺，夺去…fertile adj.土地肥沃的,多产的silt n.淤泥in return for作为…的回报reservoir n.水库barely adv.几乎不=hardlygenerate electricity发电myth n.神秘事件，神话；荒诞的说法mythical adj.令人神往的，想象的，虚构的persist v.持续,坚持persistent adj.没完没了的civilized adj.文明的，进步的=civilcivilize v.让…变得文明，使文明stop(short of)doing停止了做某事(差点做了…)troops n.军队（=forces）contention over竞争，争夺…(contend v.) contend v.主张；竞争,斗争（contention n.）give the go-ahead允许，许可wrong-headed adj.执迷不悟的,固执错误的even though即使=even ifalthough(=though)ad.尽管，虽然destruction n.毁灭，破坏the powerful权贵，强势阶层the powerless平民，群众far from远非，根本不是，根本没有far beyond远远超过，远非resolve v.决心；解决（同问题、分歧连用）conflict n.冲突，斗争，摩擦hydroelectric power水力发电irrigation n.灌溉monster adj.庞大，巨大的shut one’s eyes to reality对现实视而不见neglect v.忽视，忽略negligence n.忽视vital adj.致命的，至关重要的vitality n.生命力，活力concern v.与…有关n.担忧，关切concerning prep.就…而言；与…有关45t concerned相关的（后置修饰词）voice one’s concern公开声明对…表示关注mild/serious/hightened concern稍稍/严重/高度关注be concerned about/with关心，担心，重视strengthen v.巩固，加强weaken v.消弱，使变弱strengths and weaknesses长处和不足之处international ties国际关系universal adj.普遍的n.普遍情况universalize v.普及，使普遍=popularizeno use crying over spilt milk覆水难收haste n.匆忙（贬义）=rushhasten v.加速leap v./n.跳跃，跳，飞跃Unit Seven 9802tale n.故事，童话corporation n.大公司corporate adj.公司的international/multinational corporation跨国公司incorporate v.包含，加入；合并revival n.复兴，振兴，重生establish v.建立，确立；公认，确定established adj.确定的，既定的well-established adj.得到广泛公认的~tend productive adj.生产力的；多产的productivity n.生产力revolution n.革新，变革revolutionary adj.革命性的preside over v.主持，负责president n.总统,总裁,大学校长vice~副的official adj.正式的，官方的~status官方位statistics n.统计数字，统计学mildly adv.（mild adj.）轻微的，适的lump…together v.合起来manufacturing n.制造~industry制业manufacturer n.制造商on average平均（只用于数字或人的资质previous adj.以前的，过去的acceleration n.加速，加速度due to因为rebound n.反弹cycle n.循环，周期business~商业周recycle v.再利用，循环使用conclusive adj.结论性的，充分的evidenceinconclusive adj.不充分的,不足以下结的evidence n.证据（不可数名词）treasury secretary n.财政大臣，财政部disjunction n.分离，不吻合，出入anecdote n.趣闻，轶事downsize v.裁减，精简overall adj.整体，全部的，总的factor n.因素，要素joint adj.共同的，联合的join v.连接，结合equipment n.装备，设备，装置machinery n.（总称）机器，机械profitable adj.赢利的profit n.利润switch(to)转向speculate(on)v.（对…进行）预测，推测speculative adj.预测的，猜测的ineptly adv.不适当地，不理想地spread v.分布,传播,蔓延widespread adj.广泛的，普遍的be evenly spread平均分布，均衡分布的suppose v.假设，猜想，想象academic v.学者，大学教师a.学术的former adj.过去的n.前者colony n.殖民地anti-colonial反殖民主义的chain n.连锁机构crude adj.未经加工的；粗糙的，粗放型的crude oil原油bakery n.面包店toast v.举杯庆祝case n.情况；；案例，例子；（法律）案件in many cases在很多情况下revenue n.年收入，财政收入colleague n.同事，伙伴=company mechanistic adj.机械的mechanism n.机制mechanical a.机械的，机械似的mechanical learning机械的学习in a…fashion以…方式，方法(=in a…manner)version版本；说法chop out削减give thought to(n)考虑sufficient adj.足够的,大量的sufficiency n.long-term adj.长期的~prospect远景in a short term短期内blunt adj.直率，直言不讳的dismiss…as…认为…不过是…consultant n.顾问(=advisor)consultancy n.咨询ambulance n.救护车turning point转折点recovery n.复苏；复原，恢复exclude v.排除，除去…之外include v.包含，包括fall short of落后于，达不到（目标），不anticipation n.预测anticipate v.预测，计the true state of真实情况pose a question/challenge提出问题/挑raise a question提出问题question v.怀疑，质疑=suspect questionnaire n.问卷reply n.答复,回put forward提出(观点)(=pose v.提出，成)unquestioned claim毋庸质疑的论点reform n.改革(liberal reform自由革)essential（for/to）adj.关键,至关重要的,核的a bunch of一帮，一捆，一串good-for-nothing n.无价值的,无用的人物Unit Eight 9803uneasy adj.不自在、不稳定的;困难、艰的aspect n.（问题等的）方面rebel v.反叛,叛逆rebelling beliefs叛逆的信念、信仰trial n.审判；试验Catholic Church天主教remark n./v.话，言语harsh remarks make a passing remark短暂发言，说话worldview n.世界观schism n.裂隙，分裂deepen v.加深，深化humanities n.人文学科humanity n.人文主义精神if anything如果有的话afford to do有条件、有资格做某事critic n.批评者，评论家criticize v.批评critical(ly)adj.缜密严谨的；批评的；至关重要的think critically批判地思维/思想think independently独立地思考ignore v.忽视be completely~ed完全遭到忽视fund n.资金v.出资,拨款,资助funding n.资助over-funding拨款过度under-funding拨款不足anti-science n.反科学notably adv.引人注目地，显著地assemble v.集合；组装find fault with批评，挑…的毛病social status社会地位sociology n.社会学sociologist n.社会学家philosopher n.哲学家，思想家philosophy n.哲学，人生准则，生活方式create v.创造（creation n.创造，创造物）creativity n.创造力creature n.生物creationism n.上帝造人说evolution n.进化；物种进化论phenomenon n.现象（phenomena复数contradict v.与…矛盾contradiction n.矛盾contradictory adj.相矛盾的self-contradictory adj.自相矛盾的on the contrary相反contrast n.对照，对比（不同点）survey n./v.调查；纵览，通盘考虑reveal v.显示，显示出；揭示，揭露；露tag n.标签v.贴标签（=label）label v./n.（贴）标签，标示epithet n.称号attach…to…将…联系在一起attach importance to…强调，重视…advocate v.提倡，倡导n.倡导者eliminate v.消除,淘汰,剔除(eliminat n.)smallpox n.天花virus n.病毒virtue n.美德scorn v.蔑视long for渴望，盼望utopia n.乌托邦,理想完美境界,理想态biological utopia生物学上的理想状态environmentalist n.环保主义者,环境保护论者essay n.文章，散文article n.文章inevitable adj.不可避免的，必不可少的respond forcefully/strongly to对…做出强力的反应respond to对…做出反应correspond to…v.与…有关，相一致corresponding adj.相应的pioneer n.先驱，先锋global warming全球气候变暖depletion n.损耗，枯竭ozone layer臭氧层consequence n.后果logical consequence合理结果，逻辑结论consequent adj.随之而来的，作为结果的consequently adv.因此=thus=thereforenote v.注意到；写道n.注释explanatory note注释heavy note很浓的意味，明显特征denote v.指示，表示的是have…in common共同点是common adj.共有的，共同的annoy v.惹恼，激怒，令…不快annoying employees惹人生气的雇员confront v.面对，挑战confrontation n.对抗，冲突，不和separation n.分裂，分离separate adj.独立的，各自的，分离的earn one’s keep挣钱吃饭earn v.挣钱，赚得；博得，得到contempt n.鄙视,蔑视,看不起earn the contempt of sb.受到鄙视contemptible adj.让人鄙视的，可鄙的greedy adj.贪婪的show sympathy with/for表示同情、同感in sympathy with同情sympathetic adj.表示同情的；赞同、支持的compassionate adj.表示同情的，有同情心的exemplify v.举例说明，例证context n.上下文，语境Unit Nine 9804emerge v.出现=appearemergence n.出现emerge as v.以…面貌出现emerging countries新兴国家emerging economies新兴国家的经济census n.人口普查head-counting n.数人数，人口普查regional adj.地区性的national a.全国性的worldwide a.世界范围的compete with与…竞争competitor n.竞争者fierce/intense competition激烈竞争competitive adj.竞争的anti-competitive force反竞争的力量competitiveness竞争性，竞争力fading/growing competitiveness越来越强的竞争力competently adv.合格,有效地incompetently adv.不合格,不称职地standstill n.停滞不前enthrone v.使成为首位，是名列…之首densely/thinly populated人口稠密(稀少)的be populated with/by充满了，充斥着numerically adv.从数字上显示,从数字方ever recorded/witnessed有历史(记载)以来decade n.十年gain n.上升，增长（=rise）add up to总数为annual adj.每年的，每年一度的the Depression years经济大萧条的年代migrate v.迁徙immigrant n.进入另一国的移民移民created with pdfFactory Pro trial version immigration n.迁移,移民(进入一地区或国家)prevail v.普遍,,盛行prevalent adj.流行的,主导的drop out of离开，掉出，退出shift v./n.转换，变化，转移，转嫁shift(from…)to…转向major shift主要变化，重要变化wave n.浪潮，潮流（=trend）one wave after another一波接一波的the snow-belt冰雪地带the sun-belt阳光地带role n.角色，作用play a role起作用play a key role起到关键作用baby boom生育高峰期,婴儿潮child-bearing adj.育龄的,怀孕的crop n.收获，收割generation n.一代（人）two-generation household由两代人组成的家庭demography n.人口统计学related adj.有关，相关的closely relatedtocareer-related adj.与工作有关的instance n.例子，实例rapid adj.迅速的，飞快的rap n.说唱vast adj.广大的，巨大的vastly=greatly=broadlydevastate v.毁坏，破坏be composed of由…组成的square n./a.平方（的）~meters平方米flight n.逃跑；远离bearable adj.可以忍受的dramatize v.明显体现出drama n.戏剧dramatic adj.剧烈的;巨大的~changes变dramatic declaration引起轰动的消息dramatically adv.大幅度地spacious adj.宽敞的space n.空间smog n.烟雾crime n.刑事犯罪criminal a.有罪的n.罪犯plague n.瘟疫，通病urbanization n.都市化urban a.城市的suburban adj.近郊的，城市边缘的rural a.农村的rate n.比率；费率interest rates利率divorce rate离婚率crime rate犯罪率birth rate出生率inflation rates通货膨胀率ratio n.比例sex ratio男女性别比例reason n.理性；原因v.推理reasonable a.合理的considerably adv.相当大的，非常（vastly）perplex v.困扰，迷惑perplexing adj.令人困惑的witness v.见证，目击n.目击者，证undergo v.经历了=experiencedistinguish oneself from others使自身与众不stress n.压力v.强调stress…over…v.强调…比…更重要climatic influence气候影响climate n.气候highlight v.强调（=stress）continuous adj.连续不断的continual adj.频繁的，不断的elaborate v.详细阐述，精心制作delayed adj.迟到的delay v.延迟,耽误unanimously adv.一致地democracy n.民主be engaged in从事，忙于conservative a.保守的n.保守的人cling to something坚持=stick toUnit 10 9805scatter v.遍布，散乱分布the globe n.地球isolate v.分离，隔绝isolated adj.分离的，隔绝的region n.地区volcano n.火山volcanic activity火山活动geology n.地质学geologist n.地质学家geological feature地质特点geological publication n.地质学出版物hot spot热点boundary n.界限drifting plate漂移的板块drift away漂走make up占…（比例）（=account for）组成（be made up of…由…构成）弥补，化妆surface n.表面interior n.内部a.内部的trail n.踪迹,痕迹,路线tourist~s；volcanic ~smilestone n.里程碑mark v.标志着markedly adv.显著地complementary adj.互补的coastline n.海岸线span v.横跨，横越n.跨距，跨度attention span注意力集中时间段life span寿命ocean n.海洋oceanic adj.海洋的reminder n.提示，提醒的人或物remind v.提醒，使想起continent n.大陆continental plate大陆板块relative adj.相对的motion n.动作，移动（=mobility）mobile adj.（可）移动的，流动的mobi n.orbital motion有轨道的运动construct v.建造，构造；构思，构想，想in detail adv.细节的，详细的detail n.细节with respect to关于…，在…方面，与…有=in terms of=regardingreadily adv.轻易地，容易地translate…into…将…解释为determine v.确定，决定in opposite directions向不同方向stationary adj.固定的，静止不动的respectively adv.各自地，分别地anchor v.固定在，停留n节目主持layer n.层，层次measuring instrument测量工具，测量仪measure n.措施；衡量指标，测量方法conventional measures常规的指标measurable adj.可以衡量的analysis n.分析self-analysis n.自我析senior analyst高级分析师be confined to something被限制于，局限于frame n.框架，范围reference n.参考geophysical adj.地球物理学的propel v.推动，推进，加速broad adj.宽阔的，巨大的，广泛的broaden v.拓展fissure n./v.缝隙，裂痕（=crack）entire adj.完全的，整体的entirely adv.完全地，彻底地entirely reasonable完全合理的entirely different story完全不同的情况initiate v.开始，引发take initiative积极行动，采取主动medical initiative医疗动机formation n.形成mutability n.变形；易变性consistent adj.一直的,一贯的~ly adv.一直inconsistency n.不一致，变化apart adv.分开dome n.拱型，圆屋顶be deducted from由…推论出stable adj.稳定stability n.稳定Unit 11 9901rough adj.粗糙的，粗略的；困难，复杂roughly adv.大约，大致（后跟数字或数目）slip v.滑倒warning n.警告warn of/against提醒注意…,发出关于…的警告disaster n.灾难catastrophe n.大灾难tragedy n.悲剧，灾难lawsuit n.法律诉讼sue v.起诉appeal v.(to,for)上诉，诉compensate sb.for赔偿，补偿compensation n.赔偿，补偿or so大约jury n.陪审团hold v.认为，主张；保持be liable for adj.负法律责任，对…应负责be liable to易…的，有…可能的liability n.义务，法律责任misfortune n.不幸fortune n.运气；财富；财产状况,经济况cautious adj.小心谨慎的caution n./v.小心谨慎；警告precaution n.预防，防范，警惕appropriate adj.正确，适当的=prope inappropriate subject不恰当的题材drug interaction药物过敏，药物交互作interact with互动，相互作用interactive adj.互动的interactivity n.互动性federal adj.联邦的regulation n.管理规定，规则regulate v.规范，管理regular adj.规则的，标准的；定期的regularity n.规律性，规则性customer n.顾客，消费者client n.顾客，客户potential customer潜在顾客，可能的顾customize n.量身定制，定做，用户化take somebody to court将…告上法庭turn the tide潮流倒转，逆转潮流reverse the trend逆转这一潮流,逆转这一趋势claim n.索赔；主张；宣称，声称unquestioned claim毋庸置疑的言论proclaim v.宣称（=claim）side with/back up支持paralyze v.麻痹，瘫痪paralysis n.瘫痪parallel n.类似事物或做法a.平行的unparalleled adj.无以伦比的=unmatched unsurpassed might无法超越、空前的巨大力量unprecedented a.史无前例的，空前的precede v.先于，在…之前（发生）proceed to着手做，进入（下一个议程或项目）athlete n.运动员institute n.学院，机构judge n.法官v.判断judgement n.判断justice n.司法；正义；法官recommendation n.建议；推荐recommend v.建议；推荐counsel v.建议carry v.有，蕴含着，承载着carry substantial weight很有分量substantial adj.相当大的；相当多的=considerableweight n.分量，重量issue v.发布，出台n.问题，争端，事务guideline n.指导，方针，大纲tort law侵权法state v.声明，陈述，规定statement n bombard sb.with…v.用…狂轰滥炸lengthy adj.（演说、文章等）冗长的= tediouslengthen v.延长shorten v.缩短get buried被掩埋，被忽略=beburiedtriviality n.琐碎的事务draft v.起草n.草案，草稿moderate adj.适度，中等的have one’s way按照…的愿望行事，顺利进行for the benefit of/in the interest of为了…的利益find fault with找茬，挑错promise v.承诺n.前途intellectual promise读书方面的前途political promise政治前途promising adj.有前景的inadequacy n.不足，不完美inadequate adj.不够充分的,不完全,不够的make the best use of充分利用be/feel obliged to do不得不demonstrate v.说明,显示,表明=illustrate discard v.抛弃discard…in words口头，表面上抛弃Unit 12 9902web business=internet commerce=online transaction在线商务，互联网贸易anti-consumerism反消费主义，抵制消费第一的观念consumer n.消费者culture of consumption消费文化medical consumer医疗消费者fashion n.时尚v.制定,开发,研发(=develop)attain a certain fashion一定程度上得到流行old-fashioned a.落伍的，过时的fashionable a.时髦的，流行的revolve around v.围绕…展开或进行tap v.开发~the market开发市场make sense合理，行得通；有意义nonetheless adv.然而，但是(= nevertheless)hesitate v.犹豫，犹豫不决doubt v.怀疑self-doubt n.自我怀疑doubter n.怀疑者dubious a.半信半疑的reliable adj.可靠的fairly~相当可靠的reliability n.可靠性trust v./n.信任n.托拉斯，大型垄断企业distrust v.不信任mistrust v.不信任，怀疑trustworthy adj.可靠的pathway n.路径path n.路径risk v./n.风险，冒…的风险=threatenrisk doing something冒险做某事partner n.伙伴give somebody access to允许出入，允许接触access n.接近，利用（网络）accessible adj.可获得的，可利用的intranet n.（单位内部）局域网model n./v.模式，方式，模仿，建模focus on集中于；全神贯注于available adj.可以得到的，可以用的available online在网上可得到的site n.位址，场所；网址=websitedirect a.直接的，径直的indirect a.间接的transmit v.传播，传染transmission n. message n.信息，消息send out messages screen savor屏幕保护deliver v.传送，送货上门；发言，发表演说updated adj.最新的，更新的stream n.流,河流,一连串tourist streams客流a stream of一系列的，一连串的streams of news/information大量的新闻、信息subscriber n.订阅者subscribe v.（to）同意，赞同monitor n.监视器，显示器as yet（到目前为止）尚未not…(just)yet尚未special sales减价销售，特价销售commercial promotion商业促销promote v.推动，促进；促销；提拔byproduct n.副产品produce v.生产出,创造出;培养出n.产品side-effect n.副作用offer v.提供；出价，报价provide v.提供=offerprovided conj.如果（=if）think tank智囊团notion n.观念，概念，想法，意见connotation n.内涵，含义，意义event n.活动，事件，事情eventually adv.最终，最后flow v.流动request n.要求once adv.以前，曾经（=used to）；一旦，如果univited a.不请自来的，未经请求的distinction n.区别；显赫身份，声望distinct a.截然不同的，明显独特的draw v.做比较，进行区别draw distinctions/comparisons between…and…对…进行比较,区别两者comparison n.比较（相同点或不同点）prospect n.前景raise the~使前景变得光明job prospect就业前景career prospect职业前景horrify v.吓唬，恐吓，令人害怕，使害怕Net purist网络纯净主义者pure a.纯粹的,纯洁的resort to something借助，采取，求助于the best resort最好的办法，最好的手段the last resort最后的手段；终审法庭，最高法庭the right mix of…and……和…的有机结合cost n.支出，成本；代价at all~s不惜一切代价地cost and benefit利弊costly adj.昂贵的=expensivefree fall自由落体，自由降落enterprise n.企业silicon n.硅，电脑业in silicon在互联网上silicon chips硅片，芯片，集成电路板set up设立，创立take the online plunge投身于互联网,置身于网络expand v.扩大expansion n.扩展fanciful adj.新奇的in vain徒劳，白费，没有用处boom v.繁荣，迅猛发展baby boom生育高峰enjoy the widest popularity得到流行，受到欢迎popular adj.受欢迎的；大众的popular culture大众文化populist n.大众主义者，平民主义者adj.大众主义者的，大众的faith n.忠诚，信任give priority to重视，认为…优先function v.起作用,运行,行使职责n.功能，职责functional adj.功能性的leading adj.主要的，重要的；领先的Unit 13 9903invisible adj.看不见的，无形的visible adj.看得见的border n.边界，界限frontier n.边境，前方divide v.分开，划分开n.差距，鸿沟digital divide数字化鸿沟division n.分歧,分隔,分离argue for赞成，支持，同意=subscribe=favor argue v.坚决主张,认为=claim=hold=contendargument n.论点，观点；论据on behalf of代表…，为了…=on one’s behalfexplore v.探索，探讨，探究，研究exploration n.探究，研究subject n.题目,主题;学科adj.遭受…的,容易受到…（影响）的be subject to(n.)受限制，属于subject matter主题，主旨go to是…go to the heart of是…的核心或关键indeed adv.(加强语气)确实，事实上campaign n.运动，活动v.发起运动，活动aim at目的在于=aim towards aimlessness n.毫无目的，毫无目标require v.要求concept n.概念；观念，想法conception n.概念assess v.评价，评估possess v.拥有，占有=ownpossession n.拥有；财产livelihood n.生活be equipped with具有…的能力；配备有…the case实情，情况，状况this is always the case事实总是如此this is not always the case事实并非只是如此pursue v.继续，从事；追求，追逐pursuit n.追求，追逐，努力=quest intellectual pursuit在知识方面的追求intellectual inquiry在知识方面的探究、研究be fit to do适合于forsake…for…=replace…with…=trade…with …以…取代…；用（后者）取代（前者）forsake v.抛弃，放弃betray v.与…相违背，背离了；露出…迹象cheer v.欢呼cheery adj.高兴的，兴奋的cheer somebody on为…鼓劲加油cheering adj.令人兴奋的，令人高兴的outlook n.观点，见解=viewworld outlook世界观=outlook on theworldoutlook on life人生观bank on依赖，依靠；指望，期望=count on vocation n.职业vacation n.假期vocational adj.职业的，为职业做准备的~education职业（技术）教育=technical educationemphasize v.强调，重视emphasis n. emphasis on the basics强调基础教育emphasis on test-taking强调应试教育emphasis on moral education强调道德教育graduate v.毕业生introduce v.引进；介绍introduction n. profession n.职业professional training职业培训professional progress事业发展professional a.职业的n.职业人士,专业人士amateur a.业余的n.业余人士professionalization专业化，职业化presumptuous adj.傲慢专横的，自以为是的presume v.假定，假设assume v.假设insist v.坚持认为；坚决要求=maintain accountant n.会计（师）account for解释、说明(…的原因)；占…(比例)life-long adj.长达一生的acquaintance n.熟悉，熟知；熟人，朋友acquaint v.熟悉，了解pick up无意或随意学会（技能、习惯等）various software programs各类软件程序a host of许多，一系列rush v./n.猛冲n.…热,狂热,疯狂(去做某事) gold rush淘金热，狂热far-reaching adj.影响深远的。
商志考研英语作文模版
商志考研英语作文模版考研英语作文模版。
Introduction（介绍段）。
Nowadays, with the increasing competition in the job market, pursuing a higher degree has become a trend among college graduates. Among various postgraduate examinations, the National Entrance Examination for Master's Degree, commonly known as the postgraduate entrance examination or the postgraduate entrance examination, is undoubtedly the most influential and competitive one. Every year, millions of students participate in this fierce competition, aiming to pursue further studies and enhance their competitiveness in the job market.Body（正文段）。
There are several reasons why so many students choose to take the postgraduate entrance examination. Firstly,obtaining a master's degree is often seen as a shortcut to career advancement. In today's society, where knowledge is highly valued, having a higher academic qualification can significantly improve one's employment prospects and earning potential. Moreover, many industries and professions require specialized knowledge and skills that can only be acquired through postgraduate education.Secondly, for some students, pursuing a master's degree is a way to fulfill their academic aspirations and intellectual curiosity. They see postgraduate study as an opportunity to delve deeper into their chosen field of study, conduct research, and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in their respective disciplines. For these students, the postgraduate entrance examination is not just a means to an end but a journey of self-discovery and personal growth.Thirdly, in certain fields such as academia, research, and certain professions like teaching and scientific research, having a master's or even a doctoral degree is a basic requirement. Therefore, for students who aspire topursue a career in these fields, taking the postgraduate entrance examination is almost a necessity.Conclusion（结尾段）。
商志3147考研词汇
2010全国硕士研究生入学考试英语核心词汇必备编讲商志主讲介绍：★“考研路上最不可错过的一位英语老师”★考研英语辅导史上划时代的人物，考研英语辅导高分神话的缔造者★中国单词第一人，传奇考研英语写作创始人，高联考研英语首席主讲★直取本质，彻底破解，主讲的考研英语词汇班、写作班、强化班、全程班等创造了多项他人无法打破的记录注意：1.本资料为考研英语3147个核心词汇系列资料部分。
2.本资料为传奇考研名师------ 商志老师教学团队版权所有。
3.本资料为半成品，商老师仅在高联英语课堂面授精确意思及其具体记忆方法。
Unit One 9701vote v. /n. 投票debate v. /n. 辩论，争论authority n. 政府；权威专家，权威（人士）occupation authorities 占领当局be authorized to do 得到授权be entitled to (do) sth. 被赋予做…的权利，有做…的权利incurably ill patients 晚期患者terminally ill 晚期的，终期的convince v. 坚信，相信；令人信服word n. 消息flash v./n. 闪现，，闪动，出现executive a.执行的n.执行官chief executive 首席执行官the right to…（有）做…的权利have rights doing sth. 有权做某事society n. 协会，社团academic ~ 学术社团specific society 具体的、特定的社团community n. …界, 团体；社会，社区legal community 法律界scientific community 科学界religious community 宗教团体health research community 医疗研究团体via prep. 经由，通过post v. 张贴，发布；（在网上）发帖bulletin n. 公告，报告import n. 重要性，重要意义；进口implications n. 含义，意义；暗示，启示imply v. 暗示，推论出；蕴含着…implicit a. 不言明(含蓄)的explicit a. 表达明确地，明白的sink in 被了解alike adj. 类似的，同类的deal with 安排，处理，思考breathe sighs of relief 轻松地出了一口气association n. 协会associate… with…把…和…联系起来bitterly adv. 尖酸刻薄地，厉害地bill n. 法案，法律；账单passage n. 通过；经过；道路，通道tide n. 潮流，趋势likely adj/adv. 很有可能，可能的= possible be likely to 常常，很有可能unlikely adj. 不可能= impossible aging population 老龄化的人口extend v. 延长，延伸，推广life-extending technology 延长寿命的技术extended family 三代以上同堂的家庭模式be extended indefinitely 无限期延长get on with 继续做have something to do with…与…有关have much to do with 与…很有关系observer n. 观察者，旁观者observe v. 观察，注意；评论observation观察（报告）,观察（结论）;评论make observations 做评论domino（es）多米诺效应（~ effect）request v. 请求，要求deadly adj. 致命的dreadful adj. 可怕的；极大的inject v. 注射，注入pill n. 药丸suffering n. 痛苦，受罪suffer v. 遭受diagnose v. 诊断cool off 平静下来，变凉certificate n. 证明（书、证等）haunting a.常浮现于脑海中的，不易忘怀的terrifying a. 可怕的，令人害怕的spiritual a. 精神上的fight for 努力…，为…而努力claw v. 抓（scratch）mask n. 面具object to 反对objection to objectionable 引起反对的，讨厌的objective adj. 客观的objectivity n. 客观性impartial adj. 公正，客观share the same view on 对…持相同观点be responsible for 对…负责（表示原因）significance n. 重要性，意义calm a . 平静的，镇静的intense a.强烈的，剧烈的（~ fear 非常担心）characteristic n.（~s）特点，特色a. 特有的be characteristic of 特点是= be typical of be characterized by 特点是，以…为特点experience v./n.经历（= undergo=go through）shared experience 共同的经历、经验perish v. 死亡，变腐败in peril 处在危险中approve v. 赞同（approval）disapproval n.反对indifferent a.漠不关心的,冷漠的（indifference）carefree adj. 不关心的，冷漠的suspect v. 怀疑，不信suspicion n. 怀疑，猜疑，不信be suspicious of 表示怀疑subjective adj. 主观的biased adj. 有偏见的（= prejudiced）prejudice n./v. （持有）偏见= bias puzzling adj. 令人困惑的puzzle v. 困惑word ~ 填字游戏puzzlement n.困惑,不明白的地方=confusionconfused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人不解的confuse v. 茫然，困惑；混淆confusion n. 困惑，混淆optimistic adj. 乐观的optimism n. 乐观（精神）pessimistic adj. 悲观的pessimism n. 悲观（精神）reserve v. 预留，保留；储备（金）reserved adj. 有保留的reserve space 保留位置，空间consent v. 同意slight adj. 轻微的enthusiastic adj.热情的enthusiast n. 热衷者，狂热分子gloomy adj. 前途暗淡的gloom n. 昏暗；暗淡doom n. 末日，宿命gloom and ~ 悲伤沮丧scary adj.令人害怕的,可怕的scar n. 伤疤scared adj. 感到害怕的Unit Two 9702consistent a. 一直的，一贯的，始终如一的courteous a. 谦恭有礼的court n. 法庭，法院，足球场frequently adv. 经常，频繁地（反义词rarely）small-minded a. 小心眼儿的ill-mannered a. 态度恶劣的，粗鲁的deserve v. 应该有，应该受到；值得comment on （做）评论otherwise adv./adj. 原本，本来dull a. 无趣的，无聊的（dullness）existence n. 存在；生存状态, 生活（life）typically ad. 通常，一般地（= generally）distant a. 远的，距离远的source n. 来源，本源；根源，原因=origin diversion n. 娱乐；转移diverse adj. 不同的，多种多样的diversity n. 多样化program n. 项目；程序= projectharsh a. 残酷的；严厉、苛刻的（harshness）harsh realities残酷现实frontier n. 边境，前方shape v. 塑造，形成；外形，体形reshape v. 重塑hospitality n. 友好，好客（~ to sb.）injure v. 伤害（injury）turn to 诉诸，求助于，寻求…的帮助= resort tolodge n. 乡间小屋，旅社v. 借宿，临时住cabin n. 小屋settlement n. 住所shelter n. 藏身处，避难处v. 保护，庇护residence n. 住处，住宅；居住dwelling n. 住所，处所dwell v. 住，居住mere（ly）adj./adv. 仅仅，不过，只（= only）charitable a. 仁慈的，慈善的impulse n. 冲动；推动，动力on the part of…从…的角度（on my part在我看来）reflect v. 反映，表现（= mirror）；反省，反思（~ on）reflection n.weary a.疲倦的，筋疲力尽的（=exhausted）tourist trails 旅游线路pretty ad.相当地（~ soon非常一小会儿）pretty = fairly = ratherproper a.适当正确的，完全彻底的（properly）casual a. 不经意的，偶然的，临时的casualness n. 随便，随意，非正式interpret v. 阐释，说明interpret as 理解为，解释为artificial a. 假的，人造的；矫揉造作的historically developed历史形成(发展而来)的developed society 发达国家emerging countries 新兴国家As is true of…正如…一样complex a.复杂的,综合的n. 大型建筑（群）complicated a. 结构复杂的a set of 一整套的signal n. 信号sign n. 迹象，征兆；符号assume v.（没有根据地）认为，假定；承担assumption n. 假设，假定，设想，认为not necessarily 未必underlie v.形成了，构成了(…的基础)；强调fail v. 失败fail to 不能，未能translate v. 转化；理解more than 不仅仅是，远远胜过brief a.短暂的，简短的in brief 简而言之brief n. 概要，简短情况介绍encounter v./n. 相遇，遇到distinguish between 区分，区别value…highly 非常珍视be interralated 相互联系exercise v.行使,使产生~ an influence over…manifest v. 体现，显现（~ oneself）~ation manifesto n. 宣言，声明exclusive adj.独一的（exclusive use单独使用）equal v. 等于，相当于entertain v. 招待，款待(=treat)；使娱乐out of 出于…out of charitable impulse出于慈善的冲动flavor n. 风味keep up 维持，持续（传统，习惯等）keep up with 跟上，追上keep doing 一直，持续做某事Unit Three 9703substance n. 物质other than 除了（…之外）rather than 而不是technically a. 技术上，学术上technical progress 技术进步professional progress 职业发展alter v. 改变mental a. 精神的drug n. 药品term n. 术语，专用名词v. 把…叫做/称为human term 普通人可以理解的说法refer to 指…，指的是；谈到，提及chemical n. 化学药品，化学制品addict n. 沉迷…的人v.（~ to）沉迷于addiction n. （to）上瘾，沉迷familiar a . 熟悉的alcohol 白酒，酒精tobacco n. 烟草neutral a. 中性的psychologist n. 心理医生，心理学家psychoactive作用于精神的,影响(改变)心理状态的abuse v./n 滥用;虐待patient abuse虐待病人make clear 解释，说明misuse v. 误用，用错；使用…不当heroin n. 海洛因cocaine n. 可卡因pervasive a. 广泛的（= widespread）aspirin n. 阿司匹林quiet v. 使安静；平息下来sociable a. 社交的，增进友谊的nerve n. 神经；勇气，胆量apparent a. 显然的，明显的= obvious apparently adv. 显然，明显地constructive a. 建设性的negative effects a. 副作用，消极作用impact n.深刻影响,冲击have significant ~ onpoison v 中毒，投毒(~ous 有毒的) perceptual v. 知觉的，感觉的perception n. 知觉，感觉perceive v. 观察，感知distort v. 扭曲，歪曲（~ion）repeated use 反复使用，再三使用repeated adj. 再三的，反复的，重复性的lead to 导致，造成（= result in =cause）substance dependence 物质（药物）依赖be dependent on /upon 依赖于independent a. 独立的be ~ of不受…的限制independence n. 独立be marked by 以…为明显特征tolerance n. 容忍，承受（tolerate v. ）be tolerant of 容忍tolerate v. 忍受，容忍desire n./v.期望,希望~ed effect预期的效果appearance n. 表现；外表unpleasant n.令人不愉快的pleasure n.快乐withdraw v.撤销，撤退，收回（withdrawal n.）symptom n. 症状discontinue v. 停止，废止，放弃affect v. 影响effect n. 影响；效果mood n. 情绪，心情group v. 归类，分类= classifystimulate v.刺激(stimulant n.使人兴奋的物质)depress v. 使压抑，使消沉，使沮丧depressant n. 使人镇静、情绪压抑的物质illusion v.错觉（hallucination n.幻觉，幻想）hallucinogens n. 迷幻剂initially adv. 最初，起初（=originally）；第一，首先（= primarily）speed up 加速（slow down 减速，放缓）activate v. 刺激，使活跃起来primary a.初步的，首要的;主要的，重要的primarily adv. 主要的（=predominantly）首先，第一（=firstly=initially）primacy n. 首要地位，优势= predominancevariety n.多样性,各种各样a ~ of各种各样的radical a. 根本的，彻底的，激进的radical change/reform 彻底的改革/变革state of consciousness 意识状态conscious a. 有意识的，有知觉的be preferable to比…更让人喜爱，更可取,更好preference n. 优先权，优惠preferential adj. 优惠的,优先的~ policies in that 之所以这样是因为（解释原因）fatal a. 致命的，毁灭性的overwhelming a. 压倒性的，无法抵抗的piercing a. 刺穿的，深刻的，感人的pierce v. 刺穿，刺透，刺fierce 激烈的result from 由…而产生，来源于；原因是… = arise from = stem from…be attributed to 归因于，归功于attribute… to…把…的原因归为blame 归咎于, 责备owe… to …原因在于，原因是= due to consumption n. 消费,消费量(consume v.) production and consumption 生产与消费pattern n.模式,形式,方式standard ~ 标准模式purpose n.目的（= intention）quantitative a. 定量的，按一定数量的application （to）n. 应用，使用technological application 科学技术的运用apply v. （to）应用，适用于employ v. 使用；雇佣employer n. 用人单位；老板employment n. 使用；职位part time employment 兼职工作full time employment 全职工作disease n. 疾病positive a. 积极的（nagative a. 消极的）positive forces积极力量=driving forces推动力Unit Four 9704contribute to 导致，促成；为…做了贡献contribution n.促成因素(=contributing factors)decline n./v. 衰退，下跌economic/ moral decline 经济/ 道德衰退declining adj. 处于衰退的a ~ industry fade v. 渐渐消失，衰弱，减弱fading adj. 处于衰退的，日渐消失的falling adj. 日渐降低的，日益衰退的rising adj. 越来越多(大)的=growing, soaring, increasingfall v./n. 下跌，降低（fell，fallen）= drop rise v./n. 上升，增加（rose ，risen）on the rise/ decline 处于上升/ 下跌、衰退accomplish v. 实现，完成，达到complete v. 完成，使完善adj.完整的,完全incomplete不完全的career n. 职业生涯corrupt v. 腐蚀，使恶化 a. 腐败的various a 各种各样的，各不相同的times n. 时代creative freedom 创作自由bottom line 底线core n./a. 核心（的），中心take over 接管，接班，接任late a. 已逝的,已故的alive adj. 活着的raise stock price 提高股票价格debt n. 债务deal n. 交易dealership n. 经销商property n.财产intellectual property知识产权restructure v.结构重组,调整结构,体制改革reengineer v. 再设计，重新建造，结构重组flap n./v. 辩论，辩护debate n. 争论,辩论hip-hop 街舞expression n. 表达~ freedom 表达自由defend v. 保卫，辩护defender n. 支持者，辩护人=supporter defendant n. 被告justify v. 证明…合理，为…而辩护be justified 有道理scientifically justified 科学上合理的justifiable adj. 合理的defend/justify…on the grounds that/of 为…而辩护，理由是…release v. 发表，发行issue v.under fire 受攻击violent a. 暴力的，猛烈的violence n. 暴力school violence 校园暴力violate v. 违反，违背（规章等）= infringe violate the rules and regulationstest n./v. 测试，检验；试验democratic a. 民主的，大众化的column n. 专栏lie in 在于the widest possible latitude 最大的幅度dispute v./n.争执，争论beyond ~ 毋庸质疑disputable a. 有争议的irritating a. 令人愤怒的，使人气愤的compromise v./n.妥协，让步（=retreat ；=back off）hard-line 强硬路线~ stand强硬立场to some extent 在某种程度上=at some level stockholder n. 股东，股票持有人cite v. 引用，引证balance n./v. 平衡announce v. 宣布= declarelaunch v. 发动，发起~ a drive to do sth. drive v. 驱动，推动driving force 推动力，驱动力be driven underground 被赶到地下，暗处develop v. 制定，培养；发展；研发develop standards 制定标准distribute v. 分发，分配；发行，销售distribution n. 发行，销售；发放，分布collection n. 收集information collection and distribution信息的收集与发布board n. 董事会；委员会boss and board 管理层= the management licencing board 执照颁发委员会be supportive of 支持oppositive adj. 相反的oppose v. 反对insider n. 业内人士，知道内情的人士people associated with…与…有关联的人senator n 参议员amendment n.（法律、合同等的）修改,修订unite v. 团结，联合为一Unit Five 9705monetary a. 金融的，货币的steer v. 驾驶，驾驭land v. 着陆（take off 起飞，猛增）brake n./v. 闸；刹车precise a. 精确的far from the truth 远非事实variable a. 不确定的，易变的effect（on …）n. 影响（= influence on ）hence adv. 因此就出现了，因此就有了analogy n. 类比nanlogous adj. 相当于，类似于conduct v./n 进行…行为；行为（~ online transactions进行网上贸易）liken…to…v. 把…比作…crack v. 破裂，破碎rear v. 后部的，后面的view n. 景色，风景；观点，看法faulty a 有缺点的，不完美的banker n. 银行家boast v. 值得夸耀，引以为豪double-digit 两位数poll v. 投票选出percentage n. 百分比favorable a 有利的capacity n. 最大承受力（能力），最大承受量（容量）utilization n. 利用，使用prove v. (结果)竟然是,原来是,证明是;证明thrilling n. 令人激动的follow v. 遵循，按照…去做comparable a. 可比较的，可比作extremely a. 极端地，非常地last v. 持续（一段时间）amaze v. 令人吃惊，使吃惊amazing a.神奇的，奇异的Unit Six 9801it doesn’t help that 无法阻止，无法避免capture v. 吸引, 引起；俘获，夺取(~ one’s attention/ imagination)giant dam 巨大的水坝gigantic adj. 巨大的= giant=titanicat the mercy of 任凭…摆布drought n. 干旱（flood n. 洪涝）ideal n. 理想 a. 理想的give up on… as an ideal 放弃…的理想do one’s bidding 听从某人的吩咐fascinating adj.令人着迷的，迷人的fascination n.着迷,异常兴奋be fascinated（with ）对…着迷project n.(各类)建设项目;研究项目,计划threaten（to do）有…的危险，威胁（到）= riskthreat n. 威胁symbol n. 象征strive to do something / for something努力奋斗assert oneself 表现自己cement v. 巩固，加强bid n. 出价，投标bid for（投标）竞争,争取得到overbidding过高出价status n. 地位；状态tend to 往往，通常会intend v. 打算，目的在于~ doing/to do sth. be intended to do目的在于tendency n. 趋势trend n. 趋势，倾向deprive somebody of something 剥夺，夺去…fertile adj. 土地肥沃的, 多产的silt n. 淤泥in return for 作为…的回报reservoir n. 水库barely adv. 几乎不= hardlygenerate electricity 发电myth n. 神秘事件，神话；荒诞的说法mythical adj. 令人神往的，想象的，虚构的persist v. 持续, 坚持persistent adj. 没完没了的civilized adj. 文明的，进步的= civil civilize v. 让…变得文明，使文明stop (short of) doing停止了做某事(差点做了…) troops n. 军队（= forces ）contention over 竞争，争夺… (contend v. ) contend v.主张；竞争,斗争（contention n. ）give the go-ahead 允许，许可wrong-headed adj. 执迷不悟的,固执错误的even though 即使= even ifalthough ( = though ) ad. 尽管，虽然destruction n. 毁灭，破坏the powerful 权贵，强势阶层the powerless 平民，群众far from 远非，根本不是，根本没有far beyond 远远超过，远非resolve v. 决心；解决（同问题、分歧连用）conflict n. 冲突，斗争，摩擦hydroelectric power 水力发电irrigation n. 灌溉monster adj. 庞大，巨大的shut one’s eyes to reality 对现实视而不见neglect v. 忽视，忽略negligence n. 忽视vital adj. 致命的，至关重要的vitality n. 生命力，活力concern v. 与…有关n. 担忧，关切concerning prep.就…而言；与…有关concerned 相关的（后置修饰词）voice one’s concern 公开声明对…表示关注mild/serious/hightened concern稍稍/严重/高度关注be concerned about/with 关心，担心，重视strengthen v. 巩固，加强weaken v. 消弱，使变弱strengths and weaknesses 长处和不足之处international ties 国际关系universal adj. 普遍的n. 普遍情况universalize v. 普及，使普遍= popularize no use crying over spilt milk 覆水难收haste n. 匆忙（贬义）= rushhasten v. 加速leap v. /n. 跳跃，跳，飞跃Unit Seven 9802tale n. 故事，童话corporation n. 大公司corporate adj. 公司的international/multinational corporation跨国公司incorporate v. 包含，加入；合并revival n. 复兴，振兴，重生establish v. 建立，确立；公认，确定established adj. 确定的，既定的well-established adj.得到广泛公认的~ tend productive adj. 生产力的；多产的productivity n. 生产力revolution n. 革新，变革revolutionary adj. 革命性的preside over v. 主持，负责president n.总统,总裁,大学校长vice ~ 副的official adj.正式的，官方的~ status官方地位statistics n. 统计数字，统计学mildly adv. （mild adj. ）轻微的，适度的lump…together v. 合起来manufacturing n. 制造~ industry 制造业manufacturer n. 制造商on average 平均（只用于数字或人的资质）previous adj. 以前的，过去的acceleration n. 加速，加速度due to 因为rebound n. 反弹cycle n. 循环，周期business ~ 商业周期recycle v. 再利用，循环使用conclusive adj. 结论性的，充分的~ evidenceinconclusive adj. 不充分的,不足以下结论的evidence n. 证据（不可数名词）treasury secretary n. 财政大臣，财政部长disjunction n. 分离，不吻合，出入anecdote n. 趣闻，轶事downsize v. 裁减，精简overall adj. 整体，全部的，总的factor n. 因素，要素joint adj. 共同的，联合的join v. 连接，结合equipment n. 装备，设备，装置machinery n. （总称）机器，机械profitable adj. 赢利的profit n. 利润switch (to) 转向matter much 关系很大，很有关系speculate (on) v. （对…进行）预测，推测speculative adj. 预测的，猜测的ineptly adv. 不适当地，不理想地spread v. 分布, 传播, 蔓延widespread adj. 广泛的，普遍的be evenly spread 平均分布，均衡分布的suppose v. 假设，猜想，想象academic v. 学者，大学教师 a. 学术的former adj. 过去的n. 前者colony n. 殖民地anti-colonial反殖民主义的chain n. 连锁机构crude adj.未经加工的；粗糙的，粗放型的crude oil 原油bakery n. 面包店toast v. 举杯庆祝case n. 情况；；案例，例子；（法律）案件in many cases 在很多情况下revenue n. 年收入，财政收入colleague n. 同事，伙伴= company mechanistic adj.机械的mechanism n.机制mechanical a.机械的，机械似的mechanical learning 机械的学习in a…fashion以…方式，方法(= in a…manner)version 版本；说法chop out 削减give thought to (n) 考虑sufficient adj.足够的,大量的sufficiency n.long-term adj. 长期的~ prospect 远景in a short term 短期内blunt adj. 直率，直言不讳的dismiss… as…认为…不过是…consultant n. 顾问( = advisor ) consultancy n. 咨询ambulance n. 救护车turning point 转折点recovery n. 复苏；复原，恢复exclude v. 排除，除去…之外include v. 包含，包括fall short of 落后于，达不到（目标），不如anticipation n.预测anticipate v. 预测，预计the true state of 真实情况pose a question / challenge提出问题/ 挑战raise a question 提出问题question v. 怀疑，质疑= suspect questionnaire n. 问卷reply n. 答复,回答put forward提出(观点) (= pose v.提出，造成)unquestioned claim 毋庸质疑的论点reform n. 改革(liberal reform 自由改革)essential（for/to）adj.关键,至关重要的,核心的a bunch of 一帮，一捆，一串good-for-nothing n.无价值的,无用的人;废物Unit Eight 9803uneasy adj.不自在、不稳定的;困难、艰难的aspect n. （问题等的）方面rebel v.反叛,叛逆rebelling beliefs 叛逆的信念、信仰trial n. 审判；试验Catholic Church 天主教remark n./v. 话，言语harsh remarks make a passing remark 短暂发言，说话worldview n. 世界观schism n. 裂隙，分裂deepen v. 加深，深化humanities n.人文学科humanity n.人文主义精神if anything 如果有的话afford to do 有条件、有资格做某事critic n. 批评者，评论家criticize v. 批评critical(ly) adj. 缜密严谨的；批评的；至关重要的think critically 批判地思维/思想think independently 独立地思考ignore v. 忽视be completely ~ed 完全遭到忽视fund n.资金v. 出资,拨款,资助funding n.资助over-funding 拨款过度under-funding 拨款不足anti-science n. 反科学notably adv. 引人注目地，显著地assemble v. 集合；组装find fault with 批评，挑…的毛病social status 社会地位sociology n. 社会学sociologist n. 社会学家philosopher n. 哲学家，思想家philosophy n. 哲学，人生准则，生活方式create v. 创造（creation n. 创造，创造物）creativity n. 创造力creature n. 生物creationism n. 上帝造人说evolution n. 进化；物种进化论phenomenon n. 现象（phenomena 复数）contradict v. 与…矛盾contradiction n.矛盾contradictory adj. 相矛盾的self-contradictory adj. 自相矛盾的on the contrary 相反contrast n. 对照，对比（不同点）survey n./v. 调查；纵览，通盘考虑reveal v. 显示，显示出；揭示，揭露；泄露tag n. 标签v. 贴标签（= label ）label v./n. （贴）标签，标示epithet n.称号attach… to…将…联系在一起attach importance to…强调，重视…advocate v. 提倡，倡导n. 倡导者eliminate v.消除,淘汰,剔除(elimination n.)smallpox n. 天花virus n. 病毒virtue n. 美德scorn v. 蔑视long for 渴望，盼望utopia n. 乌托邦,理想完美境界,理想状态biological utopia 生物学上的理想状态environmentalist n.环保主义者,环境保护论者essay n. 文章，散文article n. 文章inevitable adj. 不可避免的，必不可少的respond forcefully/strongly to 对…做出强有力的反应respond to对…做出反应correspond to…v. 与…有关，相一致corresponding adj. 相应的pioneer n. 先驱，先锋global warming 全球气候变暖depletion n. 损耗，枯竭ozone layer 臭氧层consequence n. 后果logical consequence 合理结果，逻辑结论consequent adj. 随之而来的，作为结果的consequently adv. 因此= thus = therefore note v. 注意到；写道n. 注释explanatory note 注释heavy note 很浓的意味，明显特征denote v. 指示，表示的是have… in common 共同点是common adj. 共有的，共同的annoy v. 惹恼，激怒，令…不快annoying employees 惹人生气的雇员confront v. 面对，挑战confrontation n. 对抗，冲突，不和separation n. 分裂，分离separate adj. 独立的，各自的，分离的earn one’s keep 挣钱吃饭earn v. 挣钱，赚得；博得，得到contempt n.鄙视,蔑视,看不起earn the contempt of sb. 受到鄙视contemptible adj. 让人鄙视的，可鄙的greedy adj. 贪婪的show sympathy with/for 表示同情、同感in sympathy with 同情sympathetic adj.表示同情的；赞同、支持的compassionate adj.表示同情的，有同情心的exemplify v. 举例说明，例证context n. 上下文，语境Unit Nine 9804emerge v. 出现= appearemergence n. 出现emerge as v. 以…面貌出现emerging countries 新兴国家emerging economies 新兴国家的经济census n.人口普查head-counting n.数人数，人口普查regional adj. 地区性的national a. 全国性的worldwide a.世界范围的compete with 与…竞争competitor n. 竞争者fierce/ intense competition激烈竞争competitive adj.竞争的anti-competitive force 反竞争的力量competitiveness竞争性，竞争力fading/growing competitiveness 越来越强/弱的竞争力competently adv. 合格,有效地incompetently adv. 不合格,不称职地standstill n. 停滞不前enthrone v. 使成为首位，是名列…之首densely/thinly populated人口稠密(稀少)的be populated with/by 充满了，充斥着numerically adv.从数字上显示,从数字方面ever recorded/witnessed 有历史(记载)以来decade n. 十年gain n. 上升，增长（= rise）add up to 总数为annual adj. 每年的，每年一度的the Depression years 经济大萧条的年代migrate v. 迁徙immigrant n. 进入另一国的移民移民immigration n.迁移,移民(进入一地区或国家) prevail v. 普遍,,盛行prevalent adj. 流行的,主导的drop out of 离开，掉出，退出shift v. /n. 转换，变化，转移，转嫁shift (from…) to…转向major shift主要变化，重要变化wave n. 浪潮，潮流（= trend ）one wave after another 一波接一波的the snow-belt 冰雪地带the sun-belt 阳光地带role n. 角色，作用play a role 起作用play a key role 起到关键作用baby boom生育高峰期,婴儿潮child-bearing adj.育龄的,怀孕的crop n. 收获，收割generation n. 一代（人）two-generation household 由两代人组成的家庭demography n. 人口统计学related adj. 有关，相关的closely related tocareer-related adj. 与工作有关的instance n. 例子，实例rapid adj. 迅速的，飞快的rap n. 说唱vast adj. 广大的，巨大的vastly = greatly = broadlydevastate v. 毁坏，破坏be composed of 由…组成的square n./a. 平方（的）~ meters 平方米flight n. 逃跑；远离bearable adj. 可以忍受的dramatize v. 明显体现出drama n. 戏剧dramatic adj. 剧烈的;巨大的~ changes 巨变dramatic declaration 引起轰动的消息dramatically adv. 大幅度地spacious adj. 宽敞的space n. 空间smog n. 烟雾crime n. 刑事犯罪criminal a. 有罪的n. 罪犯plague n. 瘟疫，通病urbanization n. 都市化urban a. 城市的suburban adj. 近郊的，城市边缘的rural a. 农村的rate n. 比率；费率interest rates 利率divorce rate离婚率crime rate犯罪率birth rate出生率inflation rates通货膨胀率ratio n. 比例sex ratio 男女性别比例reason n. 理性；原因v. 推理reasonable a.合理的considerably adv. 相当大的，非常（= vastly）perplex v. 困扰，迷惑perplexing adj. 令人困惑的witness v. 见证，目击n. 目击者，证人undergo v. 经历了= experience distinguish oneself from others使自身与众不同stress n. 压力v. 强调stress…over…v. 强调…比…更重要climatic influence 气候影响climate n. 气候highlight v. 强调（= stress ）continuous adj. 连续不断的continual adj. 频繁的，不断的elaborate v. 详细阐述，精心制作delayed adj. 迟到的delay v. 延迟,耽误unanimously adv. 一致地democracy n. 民主be engaged in 从事，忙于conservative a. 保守的n. 保守的人cling to something 坚持= stick toUnit 10 9805scatter v. 遍布，散乱分布the globe n. 地球isolate v. 分离，隔绝isolated adj. 分离的，隔绝的region n. 地区volcano n. 火山volcanic activity 火山活动geology n. 地质学geologist n. 地质学家geological feature 地质特点geological publication n. 地质学出版物hot spot 热点boundary n. 界限drifting plate 漂移的板块drift away 漂走make up 占…（比例）（= account for）组成（be made up of…由…构成）弥补，化妆surface n. 表面interior n. 内部 a. 内部的trail n. 踪迹,痕迹,路线tourist ~s；volcanic ~smilestone n. 里程碑mark v. 标志着markedly adv. 显著地complementary adj. 互补的coastline n. 海岸线span v. 横跨，横越n. 跨距，跨度attention span 注意力集中时间段life span寿命ocean n. 海洋oceanic adj. 海洋的reminder n. 提示，提醒的人或物remind v. 提醒，使想起continent n. 大陆continental plate 大陆板块relative adj. 相对的motion n. 动作，移动（= mobility ）mobile adj.（可）移动的，流动的mobility n.orbital motion 有轨道的运动construct v. 建造，构造；构思，构想，想象in detail adv. 细节的，详细的detail n. 细节with respect to关于…，在…方面，与…有关= in terms of = regarding readily adv. 轻易地，容易地translate… into…将…解释为determine v. 确定，决定in opposite directions 向不同方向stationary adj. 固定的，静止不动的respectively adv. 各自地，分别地anchor v. 固定在，停留n 节目主持人layer n. 层，层次measuring instrument 测量工具，测量仪器measure n. 措施；衡量指标，测量方法conventional measures 常规的指标measurable adj. 可以衡量的analysis n. 分析self-analysis n. 自我分析senior analyst 高级分析师be confined to something 被限制于，局限于frame n. 框架，范围reference n. 参考geophysical adj. 地球物理学的propel v. 推动，推进，加速broad adj. 宽阔的，巨大的，广泛的broaden v. 拓展fissure n./ v. 缝隙，裂痕（= crack ）entire adj. 完全的，整体的entirely adv. 完全地，彻底地entirely reasonable 完全合理的entirely different story 完全不同的情况initiate v. 开始，引发take initiative 积极行动，采取主动medical initiative 医疗动机formation n. 形成mutability n. 变形；易变性consistent adj.一直的,一贯的~ly adv. 一直inconsistency n. 不一致，变化apart adv. 分开dome n. 拱型，圆屋顶be deducted from 由…推论出stable adj. 稳定stability n. 稳定Unit 11 9901rough adj. 粗糙的，粗略的；困难，复杂roughly adv. 大约，大致（后跟数字或数目）slip v. 滑倒warning n. 警告warn of/against提醒注意…,发出关于…的警告disaster n. 灾难catastrophe n. 大灾难tragedy n. 悲剧，灾难lawsuit n. 法律诉讼sue v.起诉appeal v. (to,for)上诉，申诉compensate sb. for 赔偿，补偿compensation n. 赔偿，补偿or so 大约jury n. 陪审团hold v. 认为，主张；保持be liable for adj. 负法律责任，对…应负责任be liable to 易…的，有…可能的liability n. 义务，法律责任misfortune n. 不幸fortune n. 运气；财富；财产状况,经济状况cautious adj. 小心谨慎的caution n./v. 小心谨慎；警告precaution n. 预防，防范，警惕appropriate adj. 正确，适当的= proper inappropriate subject 不恰当的题材drug interaction 药物过敏，药物交互作用interact with 互动，相互作用interactive adj. 互动的interactivity n. 互动性federal adj. 联邦的regulation n. 管理规定，规则regulate v.规范，管理regular adj. 规则的，标准的；定期的regularity n. 规律性，规则性customer n. 顾客，消费者client n.顾客，客户potential customer 潜在顾客，可能的顾客customize n. 量身定制，定做，用户化take somebody to court 将…告上法庭turn the tide潮流倒转，逆转潮流reverse the trend 逆转这一潮流,逆转这一趋势claim n. 索赔；主张；宣称，声称unquestioned claim 毋庸置疑的言论proclaim v. 宣称（= claim）side with / back up 支持paralyze v. 麻痹，瘫痪paralysis n. 瘫痪parallel n. 类似事物或做法a.平行的unparalleled adj.无以伦比的= unmatched unsurpassed might无法超越、空前的巨大力量unprecedented a. 史无前例的，空前的precede v. 先于，在…之前（发生）proceed to 着手做，进入（下一个议程或项目）athlete n. 运动员institute n. 学院，机构judge n. 法官v. 判断judgement n.判断justice n. 司法；正义；法官recommendation n.建议；推荐recommend v. 建议；推荐counsel v. 建议carry v. 有，蕴含着，承载着carry substantial weight 很有分量substantial adj. 相当大的；相当多的= considerableweight n. 分量，重量issue v. 发布，出台n. 问题，争端，事务guideline n. 指导，方针，大纲tort law 侵权法state v. 声明，陈述，规定statement n bombard sb. with…v. 用…狂轰滥炸lengthy adj.（演说、文章等）冗长的= tediouslengthen v. 延长shorten v. 缩短get buried 被掩埋，被忽略= be buriedtriviality n. 琐碎的事务draft v. 起草n. 草案，草稿moderate adj. 适度，中等的have one’s way 按照…的愿望行事，顺利进行for the benefit of / in the interest of 为了…的利益find fault with 找茬，挑错promise v. 承诺n. 前途intellectual promise 读书方面的前途political promise 政治前途promising adj. 有前景的inadequacy n. 不足，不完美inadequate adj.不够充分的,不完全,不够的make the best use of 充分利用be / feel obliged to do不得不demonstrate v.说明,显示,表明= illustrate discard v. 抛弃discard… in words 口头，表面上抛弃Unit 12 9902web business = internet commerce= online transaction 在线商务，互联网贸易anti-consumerism 反消费主义，抵制消费第一的观念consumer n. 消费者culture of consumption 消费文化medical consumer 医疗消费者fashion n. 时尚v.制定,开发,研发(=develop)attain a certain fashion 一定程度上得到流行old-fashioned a. 落伍的，过时的fashionable a. 时髦的，流行的revolve around v. 围绕…展开或进行tap v. 开发~ the market 开发市场make sense 合理，行得通；有意义nonetheless adv. 然而，但是(= nevertheless )hesitate v. 犹豫，犹豫不决doubt v. 怀疑self-doubt n. 自我怀疑doubter n. 怀疑者dubious a. 半信半疑的reliable adj. 可靠的fairly ~ 相当可靠的reliability n. 可靠性trust v./n. 信任n. 托拉斯，大型垄断企业distrust v. 不信任mistrust v. 不信任，怀疑trustworthy adj. 可靠的pathway n. 路径path n. 路径risk v./n. 风险，冒…的风险= threaten risk doing something 冒险做某事partner n. 伙伴give somebody access to 允许出入，允许接触access n. 接近，利用（网络）accessible adj. 可获得的，可利用的intranet n. （单位内部）局域网model n./v. 模式，方式，模仿，建模focus on 集中于；全神贯注于available adj. 可以得到的，可以用的available online 在网上可得到的site n. 位址，场所；网址=website direct a. 直接的，径直的indirect a. 间接的transmit v. 传播，传染transmission n. message n. 信息，消息send out messages screen savor 屏幕保护deliver v.传送，送货上门；发言，发表演说updated adj. 最新的，更新的stream n.流,河流,一连串tourist streams客流a stream of 一系列的，一连串的streams of news/information 大量的新闻、信息subscriber n. 订阅者subscribe v. （to）同意，赞同monitor n. 监视器，显示器as yet （到目前为止）尚未not…(just) yet 尚未special sales 减价销售，特价销售commercial promotion 商业促销promote v. 推动，促进；促销；提拔byproduct n. 副产品produce v. 生产出,创造出;培养出n. 产品side-effect n. 副作用offer v. 提供；出价，报价provide v. 提供= offerprovided conj. 如果（= if）think tank 智囊团notion n. 观念，概念，想法，意见connotation n. 内涵，含义，意义event n. 活动，事件，事情eventually adv. 最终，最后flow v. 流动request n. 要求。
商志考研英语2篇
商志考研英语商志考研英语第一篇：市场营销市场营销是现代社会中的一个重要领域，它涉及到企业与消费者之间的互动。
在市场营销中，企业通过各种手段来满足消费者的需求，从而实现商品和服务的销售目标。
市场营销的核心是将产品或服务与目标消费者进行匹配，并通过有效的传播和销售策略来促进销售增长。
市场营销的基本原则是市场导向，即以市场需求为导向来开发产品和制定营销策略。
企业需要了解消费者的需求和偏好，从而生产出符合市场需求的产品。
此外，企业还需要关注竞争对手的动态并根据市场需求和竞争状况来制定差异化的营销策略。
在市场营销中，定位和差异化策略是非常重要的。
定位是指企业通过特定的市场定位来塑造产品或服务的形象和品牌，以满足特定消费者群体的需求。
差异化策略则是通过创造产品或服务的独特卖点来与竞争对手区别开来。
通过定位和差异化策略，企业可以在市场中树立自己的品牌形象，提高产品市场份额。
营销传播是市场营销的重要组成部分。
它通过广告、促销、公关和直销等手段来传递产品或服务的信息，吸引消费者的注意力并引起他们的购买欲望。
营销传播需要根据目标消费者的特点和市场环境来选择合适的传播渠道和方式。
同时，有效的市场调研是成功的营销传播的关键，因为只有了解消费者的需求和意见才能准确地传递产品或服务的信息。
总之，市场营销是一个研究如何将产品或服务与目标消费者相匹配，通过有效的传播和销售策略来实现销售目标的领域。
在市场营销中，企业需要以市场需求为导向，并采取定位和差异化策略来塑造品牌形象。
同时，营销传播是市场营销的重要组成部分，它通过合适的传播方式来传递产品或服务的信息。
第二篇：国际贸易国际贸易是不同国家之间的商品和服务交换。
随着全球化的发展，国际贸易在世界经济中的地位越来越重要。
国际贸易可以带来经济增长和发展机会，促进国家之间的合作和交流。
国际贸易对于各国经济的发展具有重要意义。
通过参与国际贸易，国家可以利用自身的资源和优势生产具有竞争力的商品和服务，从而获得经济增长和提高人民生活水平的机会。
商志考研英语作文模板
商志考研英语作文模板1. In today's fast-paced society, pursuing further education has become a popular trend among young people.2. The reasons for choosing to take the postgraduate entrance examination are varied. Some people hope to enhance their competitiveness in the job market, while others aim to gain more knowledge and expertise in their field.3. However, preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination is no easy task. It requires a great deal of time, effort, and perseverance.4. Despite the challenges, many people are still determined to take the postgraduate entrance examination because they believe it will open up more opportunities for their future career development.5. In the process of preparing for the postgraduateentrance examination, many people experience stress, anxiety, and even self-doubt. It's important to find ways to manage these negative emotions and stay focused on the ultimate goal.6. On the day of the examination, candidates may feel a mix of excitement and nervousness. It's crucial to stay calm and maintain a positive mindset in order to perform at their best.7. Whether one succeeds or fails in the postgraduate entrance examination, it's important to remember that it's just one part of their journey, and there are always other opportunities waiting for them in the future.8. In conclusion, taking the postgraduate entrance examination is a significant decision that requires careful consideration and thorough preparation. It's a challenging but rewarding experience that can help individuals achieve their academic and career goals.。
商志考研英语作文精讲
商志考研英语作文精讲When it comes to the postgraduate entrance examination, the English composition section is often a significant hurdle for many candidates. Mastering the art of writing a compelling and well-structured essay is crucial for success in this competitive examination. In this lecture, we will delve into the intricacies of crafting an excellent postgraduate English essay, focusing on the strategies and techniques that can elevate your writing to the next level.Understanding the Essay PromptBegin by thoroughly reading and understanding the essay prompt. It is essential to identify the key issues or questions that the prompt is asking you to address. Make sure you understand the type of essay required (argumentative, expository, narrative, etc.) and tailor your response accordingly.Developing a Strong Thesis StatementYour thesis statement is the backbone of your essay. It should be clear, concise, and assertive, providing a roadmap for your argument. It is not just a topic; it is a claim that you will support with evidence throughout your essay.Outlining Your EssayBefore you start writing, create an outline. This will help you organize your thoughts and ensure that your essay flows logically. A typical structure includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.- Introduction: Introduce the topic and present your thesis statement.- Body Paragraphs: Each paragraph should focus on one main idea that supports your thesis. Use topic sentences to introduce each idea.- Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your thesis in a new way.Writing the IntroductionStart with a hook to grab the reader's attention. This could be a question, a quote, a fact, or a bold statement. Follow this with a brief overview of the main points you will discuss and conclude with your thesis statement.Expanding on the Body ParagraphsEach body paragraph should follow a clear structure:1. Topic Sentence: State the main idea of the paragraph.2. Supporting Details: Provide evidence, examples, or explanations to back up your idea.3. Analysis: Analyze how your evidence supports your thesis.4. Transition: Use transitional phrases to guide the reader to the next paragraph.Crafting the ConclusionYour conclusion should not introduce new information. Instead, it should summarize the key points made in the body and reiterate the importance of your thesis. End with a strong, memorable statement that leaves a lasting impression.Proofreading and EditingAlways review your essay for any grammatical errors, unclear sentences, or logical fallacies. Ensure that your essay is cohesive and that each paragraph contributes to the overall argument.Time ManagementDuring the exam, allocate your time wisely. Spend a few minutes planning and outlining, then move on to writing the essay, and finally, set aside time for proofreading.Practice Makes PerfectThe more you practice writing essays, the better you will become. Try to write on a variety of topics and seek feedback from teachers or peers.By following these guidelines and practicing regularly, you can significantly improve your English essay writing skills, which will be a great asset in your pursuit of a postgraduate degree. Remember, the key to a successful essay is clarity, coherence, and compelling argumentation.。
商志考研英语作文
商志考研英语作文The Importance of Business Ethics in the Modern Corporate World。
In today's fast-paced and competitive business environment, the issue of business ethics has become increasingly important. Business ethics refers to the moral principles and values that guide the behavior ofindividuals and organizations in the business world. It is essential for businesses to uphold high ethical standards in order to maintain their reputation, gain the trust of their stakeholders, and contribute to the overall well-being of society.First and foremost, business ethics is crucial for maintaining a positive reputation. In the age of social media and instant communication, any unethical behavior by a company can quickly become public knowledge and damageits image. For example, a company that is found to be engaging in exploitative labor practices or environmentaldegradation can face severe backlash from consumers, investors, and the public at large. This can lead to a loss of trust and credibility, as well as a decline in sales and profitability. Therefore, it is in the best interest of businesses to adhere to ethical standards in order to protect their brand and reputation.Moreover, upholding business ethics is essential for gaining the trust of stakeholders. Whether it is customers, employees, suppliers, or investors, all stakeholders want to engage with businesses that they can trust. By demonstrating a commitment to ethical behavior, businesses can build strong relationships with their stakeholders and create a sense of loyalty and goodwill. For example, a company that treats its employees fairly and ethically is more likely to attract and retain top talent, leading to higher levels of productivity and innovation. Similarly, a company that is transparent and honest in its dealings with customers and suppliers will build long-lasting relationships based on trust and mutual respect.Furthermore, business ethics is important forcontributing to the overall well-being of society. Businesses have a significant impact on the communities in which they operate, and ethical behavior can have apositive influence on social and environmental issues. For example, a company that is committed to sustainability and corporate social responsibility can make a meaningful contribution to environmental conservation and social welfare. By adhering to ethical standards, businesses can help to create a more equitable and sustainable society for future generations.In conclusion, the importance of business ethics in the modern corporate world cannot be overstated. Upholding high ethical standards is essential for maintaining a positive reputation, gaining the trust of stakeholders, and contributing to the overall well-being of society. It is incumbent upon businesses to prioritize ethics andintegrity in their operations, as this will ultimately lead to long-term success and sustainability. By doing so, businesses can build a strong foundation for growth and prosperity, while also making a positive impact on the world around them.。
商志考研英语单词精讲(3147)
第一讲&第二讲：Carry v.有Suspend v.停止Suspend logic thinking 停止逻辑思维(05.03)Suspend oil imports 停止石油进口(01.05)Shame n.令人惋惜的事(可耻的事<考研一般不考>)It would be a shame to do sth. ……将会是一件令人惋惜的事Eg：1)this is a shame. 这是一件令人惋惜的事(15新42)2)It would be a shame to spoil our child since they would fail to cope with stresses,setbacks or frustrations. 溺爱孩子将会是件令人惋惜的事，因为我们的孩子会不能应对压力或者挫折Because = as = for = since = 因为Handle = cope with = deal with = 应对Frustration n.挫折( = setback)Eg：cope with the frustrations in school and in life. 应对学业和人生中的挫折Spoil the child 溺爱孩子Operation n.手术;操作(operate v.操作<不考>)Bypass operation 心脏搭桥手术(0302para3s2)Enlarge operations to meet customer’s demands 扩大经营来满足消费者的需求(0104para3s1)---->Operational adj.操作的Eg: 1)lower the operational costs 降低运营支出2)operatioal research experts and economists 运筹学研究专家和经济学家Huge 巨大的Extremely huge 极其的巨大Extremely important 极其的重要Global challenges 全球性问题Global warming /climate changes 全球变暖/气候变化(climate n.气候)Eg：1)We are now faced with global challenges such as cliamate changes,security and bird fly. 现在我们面对全球难以解决的问题，就像气候变化、安全和禽流感一样2)This is really a challenge for me. 这对我来说真是一个挑战(注：it 做形式主语，先翻译真正主语，后翻译it后面的形式主语)第三讲&第四讲Substance n.物质Substance abuse 物质滥用Most substance 大多数物质Substance dependence 物质依赖Eg：familiar substances such as alcohol and tobacco. 像烟和酒这样的物质Alcohol n.乙醇，酒精Tobacco n.烟草，香烟Substantial adj.(数量上、幅度上)巨大的Eg：1)substantial cost reduction 大幅降低支出(0303para2s1) (reduce v.缩小，减少)2)The recommendations of public figures carry substantial weight. 公众人物的建议有很大的份量(9901para-1s-3)Recommendation n.建议(recommend v.建议，推荐-> ~ a book to sb.)Illusion n.幻觉Addict v.沉迷Be addicted to smart phones 沉迷于智能手机smart phone 智能手机Be addicted to A and B 沉迷于A和BSmart a.聪明的<--->Stupid adj.愚蠢的Figure n.人物，数字Figures = data = statistics n.数据，数字Public figures 公众人物Senior figures 高管，有影响力的人物Influential n.有影响力的人adj.有影响力的(influence n./v.影响)Influential media/company 有影响力的媒体/公司Advantage n.优点，长处，好处，优势Eg：1)Generally speaking，there are advantages to avoid substantial height. 总的来说，避免太高是有好处的(0803para4s1)substantial height/substantial weight 相当高/重2)There are advantages to …………是有很多好处的Substantially improve productivity 大幅提高生产力Substantially improve performance 大幅提高成绩Poor/excellent performance 拙劣/卓越的成绩Considerable (数量上)巨大的(=substantial)Considerable loss/profit 巨额损失/利润Considerably below……远低于……A considerable number of ……大量的……A considerable number of youngsters/people/country……大量的年轻人/人/国家Eg：A considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism. 大量的最重要的文艺评论集The most significant events in history 历史最重要的事件Consider v.考虑，思考Collections n.收集，集合Criticism n.评论，批评-->criticize v.批评Art criticism 文艺评论Collections of poems 诗集Consist in…由…构成(=be made up of)The Chinese people consist in 56 ethnic groups 中华名族是由56个名族组成的Ethnic adj.名族的*Take a longer view, there’s a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance 从长远来看，有相当大量的事情我们能够非常有把握地说出来(1303para-2s1)We can say with considerable assurance that……我们可以相当有把握地说出……Assure v.向某人保证，向…确保Assure sb. that/of……Experience v.经历n.经验Expert n.专家adj.卓越的(=outstanding=excellent)Expert /outstanding/excellent performance 卓越的成绩，优异的成绩(0101后21)*Take a longer view, we can say (with…)that mobile phone will be a tool rather than host of everyone around us.Fat adj.(数额上)巨大的,胖的(06完型para03/15完型para03s1) n.脂肪Eg：1)Everybody loves a fat pay rise 人人都喜欢大幅加薪(0501s1)2)Banker’s fat pay packets have attracted much criticism 银行家们丰厚的薪酬已经招致了大量的批评(1204s-1)Pay n.薪水-->Equal work，equal payUrge n/.v.强烈愿望，诉求Packet n.套餐-->pay packet 薪酬第五讲Total amount 总的数量A surprising amount 大量的令人吃惊的数量The supreme court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implication(0204s1)最高法院关于安乐死的判决有重要的含义Court n.法院，法庭Top patent court 最高专利权法院(patent n.专利<权>)Supreme court 最高法院(考过9次)Supreme a.至高无上的，最高的Superior a.优越的，高级的，好的Eg：socialism is superior to capitalism 社会主义比资本主义优越A be superior toB A比B优越Superiority n.优越性Federal adj.联邦<制>的Federal court 联邦法院FBI (Federal Bureau of investigation) 联邦调查局Federal government 联邦政府Eg：the US court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 美国联邦巡回上诉法庭Centralized control 集中控制Appeal n./v. 呼吁;上访,上诉Appeal to a higher court 向更高法院上诉Decision n.决定(v.decide);裁决,判决(=rule)(注:当出现judge<n.法官>、Justice<n.大法官>、court时一定要将decision翻译成裁决、判决)The court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide(0204para7s1) 法院对安乐死的判决Rule v.判决、裁决Eg：The court rules that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed 法院判决可以开高剂量的止疼药Prescribe v.开处方、开药方Prescription n.药方~ drugs 处方药(05新)Dose = dosage n.剂量High-dosage 高剂量Effect n.作用，效果Side-effect 副作用=(negative effect)Relieve v.使…摆脱;减轻,缓解Relieve one’s pain 减轻某人的疼痛Pain-relieving medication 止疼药Medication = medicine = drug 药Drug store 药店Physician-assisted suicide 安乐死Physical adj.身体的,肉体的Physical enjoyment 身体上的快乐Physician n.医生Assist v.帮助Suicide n.自杀= commit suicideEg：He commit suicide last December 他去年十二月自杀了Imply v.暗含Implication n.含义Carry important implication 有重要含义Try v.尝试--> trial n.审判The trial of…对…的审判(01完型s1)第六讲The constitution 宪法The constitutional right to sth 宪法赋予…的权利Take sb. to court (9901para3s-1) 把…告上法庭Defendant n.被告Defend v.保卫,保护;为…辩护,证明…合情/合理/合法(justify)Case n.案子,案件The courts tend to side with defendants in personal injury claims/cases (9901para4s1) 法院往往在个人伤害案的诉讼中支持被告Claim =case n.案子Side with…支持，站在…一边Injury n.伤害Claim n./v. 索取,索赔;主张Personal injury claim/cases 个人伤害案The court has ruled that police don’t violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee with a warrant (2015 text2) 法院裁决到警方不违反第四修正案,当他们有一个搜查证搜查被捕者的钱包的时候Trial n.审判the trial of …对…的审判Violate v.违反，违背Violate the law 违法Violate the rules and regulations 违反规章制度Violate the traffic rule 违反交通规则Amend v.(对合同/法律文书…)修正,改进The Fourth Amendment 第四修正案Amend the contract 修改合同Amend the bill 修改法案Purse/wallet/pocketbook 钱包,皮夹子Go through 经历,搜查Arrest n./v. 逮捕During a arrest 在抓捕期间Arrestee n.被捕者，嫌疑人(=suspect)Warrant n.搜查证,保证,搜查令,委任状,凭证,根据Guarantee v.保证,确保;保证(书),担保(人)Search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant 没有搜查令搜查一个人的收集目录Search = go through 搜查Go through a wallet or pocketbook of an arrestee 搜查一个被捕者的钱包No one can guarantee the truthfulness of the information (030144[B]) 没有人可以保证信息的真实性Guaranteed future/payment 有保障的未来/收入George Osborne’s scheme was intended to guarantee jobseekers’legitimate right to benefits(2014text1:21[D]) 乔治·奥斯本的项目旨在保障求职者获得福利的合法权利Scheme n.方案,计划;阴谋Be intended to旨在;目的是Jobseeker 求职者the unemployed 失业的人Legitimate right to sth. ……的合法权利Benefit n.福利;好处Scheme = project = program 项目Project Hope 希望工程第七讲&第八讲Obtain a warrant to search through phone contents of a suspect 获得一个收查证去搜查一个嫌疑犯的收集目录Obtain v.获得Search = go through = search through 搜查Jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefit is far from guaranteed 求职者的领取福利的合法权利远没有得到保障The legitimate right to sth. 做某事的合法权利Seek v.寻找Jobseeker =jobhunter n.求职者Benefit n.利益，好处；补贴=allowance=subsidy=pensionThe disadvantaged 弱势群体There is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide(0204para2)宪法没有安乐死的权利The constitution 宪法The Fourth Amendment 第四修正案The legitimate/constitutional right to=the right to sth. …的权利The right to private property 私有财产权The right to intellectual property 知识财产权Right and regulations权利和义务Intellectual adj.智力的n.知识分子Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief 感觉自己被过高收费的客户有权向联邦政府的地面交通委员会申请降低费率Shipper n.客户(运输企业)Shopper n.客户，顾客(商场)Board n.板，董事会，委员会Appeal to sb. for sth. 向…呼吁/上访/恳求Charge v.收费Overcharge v.过高收费Relieve v.降低；使…摆脱Relieve one’s pain/burden 减轻某人的负担Pain-relieving medication 止疼药It is legitimate for physician to prescribe high-dosage pain-relieving medication 医生开高剂量的止疼药是合法的It is legitimate for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做…是合法的Human right 人权Animal right 动物权Animal right movement 动物权利运动Animal rights advocates 动物权利倡导者Advocate n.倡导者，鼓吹者Rights and obligations 权利与义务Invest more，harvest more 投资越多，收获越多Invest v.投资Harvest v/n.收获Web store 网店Drug store 药店Appeal to 呼吁;对…有吸引力Appeal v/n.恳求；呼吁；上诉；吸引(力)；上访；号召Relieve v.降低，减轻，缓和Relieve the rate 降低费率(rate relief)Huge rate increase 大幅涨价Substantial cost reduction 大幅降低支出Considerably improve productivity 大幅提高生产力A significant number of 大量的…The appeal for legislation is still going on (9904s-1) 对法律的呼吁一直在上演Legal a.合法的，法律的Legislate v.立法Legislation n.议会，立法；法律Legitimate a.合法的The appeal for rate relief is still going on (0203后53[C]) 对降价的呼吁一直在上演White pollution is going on 白色污染一直在上演Environment destruction is going on 环境破坏一直在上演Legal learning 法律知识(07翻译)The government appeal to netizens not to spreed gossip. 政府呼吁网民不要传播谣言Netizen n.网民citizen n.市民Spreed v.传播，扩散Gossip n.谣言Source of gossip 流言的来源His music may not appeal to young readers today 他的音乐可能不对现在的年轻听众有吸引力The lecture of 对…有吸引力Learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing(1103para2s-1)学习其他公司市场营销的宝贵的信息The appeal of sb. 某人的长处appeal n.魅力，吸引力As the responsible steward of the country ,we should respond positively to CPC’s appeal 作为这个国家的负责人的主人，我们应该积极响应中国共产党得到呼吁/号召CPC ：Communist Party of China 中国共产党Positively adv.积极的Positive adj.积极的Negative adj.消极的Steward n.主人Host n.男主人Hostess n.女主人第九讲Load 载重量、负荷Overload v.超载Strive v.努力Endeavor n./v.努力With regard to 与…有关,与…相关Guarantee the truthfulness of the information 确保信息的真实性(030144[B])True a.真(正)的truth n.真实，真相False a.虚假的falsehood n.谎言，假话Guaranteed payments 有保障的未来Guaranteed future 稳定的未来Set the goal 确定目标goal n.目标The ward amateur carries a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and may not fully share its values 业余人士这个词有一种含义，即相关的个人没有完全融入进科学界而且可能没有完全接受价值观The department (concerned) 相关部门；有关部门Integrate v.整合(为一体)；融合Integration n.整合，融合Disintegrate v.分解，分裂；瓦解，解体We are genetically programmed to disintegrated and perish(0304para2s1) 从遗传学的角度来看我们主动了要解体和死去Gene n.基因，遗传因子Genetic adj.遗传的Genetically adv.遗传学，基因Genetics n遗传学Program n.工程，项目；程序v.编程序Community n.界，团体Religious/academic/scientific communityShare v.分享；共有，有共同的n.份(额);股票Shareholder n.股东Lawfirm share 律师事务所的股份Firm n.公司(=company)Physician and citizen share the same view on euthanasia 医生和市民对安乐死持有同样的观点Netizen n.网民Citizen n.市民Share the same view on 对…有共同的观点第十讲Share n.股份，份额；v.共有，有公共的Shareholder n.股东Stakeholder n.利益攸关者Lawfirm share 律师事务所的股份The largest share 最大份额The smallest share 最小份额Shared efforts 共同努力Shared beliefs 共同的信念Believe v.相信Belief n.信念Shared culture/beliefs/efforts 共同的文化/信念/努力Shared experiences and problems 共同的经历和问题Africa and South America have been found to share certain geological features(9805后68[B]) 人们发现非洲和南美洲有某些共同的地质特征Geology n.地质学-->geologist 地质学家Geography 地理学-->geographer 地理学家Feature n.特点，特征，特写Geological feature 地质特征Because the ultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community should actively recruit to its cause all those who receive medical treatment 因为最终的利益攸关者是患者，因此医学研究界应该积极主动地把所有接受治疗的人吸纳到他的事业中来Late-stage patients 晚期患者Primary stage 初级阶段，初期Ultimate a.最后的，最终的Adult n.成年人Active a.积极的，主动的，活跃的Quiet a.安静的Recruit v.招募，吸纳，接收~ freshman 吸纳新生Cause n.事业，原因v.导致，造成A misguided cause 一个被误导的事业Recruiter n.招聘者Recruit to its cause sb.把某人招入到…Remedy/therapy/treatment/cure n.治疗v.治疗All those who receive medical treatment 所有接受过治疗的人Soldier n.士兵Warrior n.武士，士兵Resume n.简历(CV)Interview n.面试Interviewee 被面试的人;被访问者不熟悉单词：Anthropology 人类学Anthropologist 人类学家Alter v.改变Alteration n.改变Hostage n.人质Minister n.牧师，大臣，部长father 神父Gossip/Rumor n.谣言Generate negative feelings 产生负面情绪Cope with negative feelings 应对负面情绪Evade v.逃避evade the harsh reality 逃避残酷的现实Invade 入侵，侵略IQ is negatively correlated with leadership 智商与领导力负相关Lead v.领导Leadership n.领导力Allege v.断言Allegation n.断言，陈述，主张Lie n.谎言v.说谎liar n.说谎的人Cruelty n.残忍。
考研商志英文作文
考研商志英文作文英文：As someone who is considering taking the business management graduate entrance exam, I have thought a lot about the benefits and drawbacks of pursuing a degree in this field.On the one hand, I believe that obtaining a degree in business management can provide me with a solid foundation of knowledge and skills that will be useful in a variety of industries and positions. For example, I could use my degree to work in finance, marketing, or human resources, among other areas. Additionally, I believe that having a degree in business management could help me stand out from other job applicants and potentially lead to highersalaries and more opportunities for advancement.On the other hand, I am aware that pursuing a degree in business management is not without its challenges. For one,the coursework can be rigorous and demanding, requiring a significant amount of time and effort. Additionally, the job market can be competitive, and there is no guarantee that having a degree in business management will automatically lead to success or job security.Overall, I believe that pursuing a degree in business management is a worthwhile endeavor, provided that one is willing to put in the necessary work and effort. While there are certainly challenges and uncertainties associated with this path, I believe that the potential benefits outweigh the risks.中文：作为一名考虑参加商业管理研究生入学考试的人，我已经思考了很多关于追求这个领域学位的好处和缺点。
商志考研英语作文第五讲
In the fifth lecture of Shang Zhis postgraduate entrance English essay course,we delve into the intricacies of crafting a compelling and wellstructured essay that is bound to impress the examiners.Heres a detailed breakdown of the key points covered:1.Understanding the Prompt:The first step in writing a successful essay is to thoroughly understand the prompt.This involves identifying the main question or statement and any specific instructions given.2.Brainstorming Ideas:After understanding the prompt,the next step is to brainstorm ideas related to the topic.This helps in generating a list of potential arguments,examples, and counterarguments that can be used in the essay.3.Creating an Outline:With a list of ideas,the next step is to create an outline.This serves as a blueprint for the essay,organizing the ideas into a logical flow.The outline typically includes an introduction,body paragraphs,and a conclusion.4.Writing the Introduction:The introduction should grab the readers attention and provide a clear statement of the essays main argument.It should also include a brief overview of the points that will be discussed in the body paragraphs.5.Developing Body Paragraphs:Each body paragraph should focus on a single argument or point related to the main thesis.It should start with a topic sentence,followed by evidence or examples,and then an explanation of how this supports the argument.ing Transitions:To ensure the essay flows smoothly,its important to use transitions between sentences and paragraphs.These can be words or phrases that link ideas and show the relationship between different parts of the essay.7.Writing the Conclusion:The conclusion should summarize the main points made in the essay and restate the thesis in a new way.It should also provide a final thought or call to action that leaves a lasting impression on the reader.8.Revising and Editing:After writing the first draft,its crucial to revise and edit the essay.This involves checking for grammatical errors,ensuring the logic and flow of the argument,and making sure the essay adheres to the word count requirement.9.Practice and Feedback:Writing practice essays under timed conditions is essential for improving speed and accuracy.Additionally,getting feedback from peers or instructors can provide valuable insights for improvement.10.Mastering Vocabulary and Grammar:A strong command of vocabulary and grammar is key to writing a highquality essay.Regularly expanding ones vocabulary and practicing grammar rules can significantly enhance the essays quality.11.Incorporating Advanced Language Features:To stand out,its beneficial to incorporate advanced language features such as complex sentence structures,idiomatic expressions,and rhetorical devices.12.Adapting to Different Types of Essays:The ability to adapt ones writing style to different types of essays,such as argumentative,descriptive,or narrative,is a valuable skill.By focusing on these elements,students can significantly improve their essay writing skills and increase their chances of success in the postgraduate entrance English exam.。
商志考研英语阅读理解
商志考研英语阅读理解商志考研英语阅读理解是考研英语备考中的一个重要环节，它不仅考察学生的词汇量和语法知识，还考察学生的逻辑推理、信息提取和综合分析能力。
在备考过程中，掌握正确的阅读理解策略和技巧，对于提高考试成绩具有重要意义。
首先，考生需要扩大词汇量。
词汇是阅读理解的基础，没有足够的词汇量，很难理解文章的主旨和细节。
因此，考生应该每天背诵一定数量的单词，并在阅读中不断巩固和应用这些词汇。
其次，加强语法知识的学习。
语法是理解句子结构和意义的关键，良好的语法基础可以帮助考生快速准确地理解句子。
考生可以通过做语法练习题和分析长难句来提高自己的语法水平。
再者，培养快速阅读和信息提取能力。
考研英语阅读理解的时间有限，考生需要在有限的时间内快速捕捉文章的主旨和关键信息。
这就需要考生在平时的练习中，学会快速浏览文章，找到文章的中心思想和重要细节。
此外，提高逻辑推理和综合分析能力。
考研英语阅读理解中，很多题目需要考生根据文章内容进行推理和分析。
考生应该学会从文章中提取关键信息，进行逻辑推理，得出正确的结论。
最后，多做模拟题和真题练习。
通过大量的练习，考生可以熟悉考试的题型和难度，提高自己的应试能力。
同时，通过分析错题，找出自己的薄弱环节，有针对性地进行改进。
总之，商志考研英语阅读理解的备考需要考生在词汇、语法、阅读速度、逻辑推理和综合分析等方面下功夫。
通过系统的学习和大量的练习，考生可以提高自己的阅读理解能力，从而在考研英语中取得好成绩。
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者） really aim to convey.
第二段
What the image above vividly mirrors（名词用做动词） goes far more than a simple image,insteed,it carries（有） a thought provoking social phenomenon:____. （本文的主旨）There are upsetting(如文章不是讽刺性的，就把 upsetting 删除) parallels
第三段：
Much can be done. To begain with the schools and the mass media should deve lop noble and worthy v alues and qualitie s among people,doing their utmost to awaken people of the growing threat of this worsening situation.（of this worsening situation 自己可以换成主旨的句子，如果不换，这样也可以。如文章不是讽刺性的，就把 worsening 删除）What is more,the authorities （当局）should play a dominant role in taking nationwide actions to curb(如文章不是讽刺性的，就把 curb 换成 promote) such practices.In conclusion ,all the society should actively more sustained（持续） and concerted （一致）offorts.Although we still have a long way to go ,a promising start has bagun,and a happy,healthy and harmonious（和谐） society may be not be far be nind.
上了高联辅导班商 志的作文班。其实就是获得了一个作 文模板， 大作文
第一段
How enlightening and compelling the above drawing is!
It is so funny
that whoever sees it cannot help thinking:_____. (这句自己加完整，从宏观上描述一下
图画就可以，笼统的，大体的) ______while_______.(这句从微观上具体说明一下图画要
描述的矛盾点，必须找到矛盾点，用到 while 这个单词) Simple as it looks,its intended(或
者用 implied) meaning goes far deeper what on earth（究竟） does the drawer（作
第三段： Much can be done. What tops the agenda, I deem, is to help/encourage people to develop positive and wholesome outlook on life as well as the word. Besides/what’s more, noble and worthy values and qualities such as courage, honesty, diligence and perseverance should be encouraged/fostered and cherished. Additionally, we should appeal to the government to make sustained and concerted efforts to reverse/curb/promote the worsening trend. Only in these ways can we maintain a happy, healthy and harmonious society as we all wish. Although it is easier said than done, there are god reasons to expect that such a phenomenon can be terminally ended or at least reduced.
_____________________. 表原因：What bring about/account for this strange phenomenon? I am strongly convinced that this is partly because ___________________, and this is partly because ___________________. What ____上句话_______？Some many claim that this phenomenon results from_________________, while I am strongly convinced that the primary reason goes much deeper: _________________________.
contrary) ______________。 （描述两个方面）
第二段： Obviously we can easily define what the painter subtly intends to reflect (communicate) to us. The strong and clear message suggested is that ____ 主旨________。 According to recent survey conducted by CCTV(Chinese Academy of social Sciences/Xinhua News/China Daily/People’s Daily/Fudan University/Peking University /Tsinghua University) 28.6%(自 己随便写) people ______主旨__________（或用一种笼统地切题方法如 are following this tide）It is alarming that a growing number of similar events are occurring . Nowhere in history has the issue of ______主旨_____ been concerted so much as in our society today(史上任何时候都比不上今天我们的时代这样更 加关切这样的事情，此句由历年真题阅读部分改变而来) “______见下面的例句________”直接引语 __职务 ____，Says Dr. Sun Dong, 职务有：(用副职免得阅卷老师认识) Vice-present of Xiamen University Vice-director of the Sociological Research Center attached to Chinese Academy of social Sciences Vice-dean of Sociology Depart of Fudan University 例句：Nowhere says Dr. Sun Dong, __职务 _, “It is alarming Such stories/upsetting/parallels are available in nearly all walks of life in our contemporary community.”Failure to realize the severity of the grim situation many significantly decrease our chances of success. It is hard to imagine what our society would be like years later provided such practices go unchallenged. Indeed, the whole society should be made aware that any prompt actions of great benefit to all
is shown supand enlightening the above illustration is! It is so funny
that whoever sees it cannot help laughing : _____对漫画笼统地描述___ 。
______从微观上再描述一下_____. Simple as it looks, its intended
(implied) meaning goes much deeper .What on earth does the drawer really
aim to convey?
__________._____________while (完全相反时用 in