二语习得复习汇总汇编

A General Review

Ⅰ. Short & Long answers

1.what is the difference between monolingual and multilingual communicative competence?

Differencese between monolingual and multilingual communicative competence are due in part to the different social functions of first and second language learning, and to the differences between learning language and learning culture.

The differences of the competence between native speakers and nonative speakers include structural differences in the linguisitc system, different rules for usage in writing or conversation, and even somewhat divergent meanings for the lexical forms. Further, a multilingual speaker’s

total communicative competence differs from that of a “same”　

monolingual in including knowledge of rules for the appropriate choice of language and for switching between languages, given a particular social context and communicative purpose.

2.what are the microsocial factors that affect SLA?

a)L2 variation b) input and interaction c) interaction as the genesis of language

3.What is the difference between linguistic competence & communicative competence (CC)?

Linguistic competence- It was defined in 1965 by Chomsky as a speaker's underlying ability to produce grammatically

correct expressions. Linguistic competence refers to knowledge of language. Theoretical linguistics primarily studies

-listener”.

linguistic competence: knowledge of a language possessed by “an ideal speak

Communicative competence- It is a term in linguistics which refers to “what a speaker needs to know to communicate appropriately within a particular language community”, such as a language user's grammatical knowledge o

syntax , morphology , phonology and the like, as well as social knowledge about how and when to use utterances appropriately.

4.Why is CC in L1 different from L2?

L1 learning for children is an integral part of their sociolization into their native language community. L2 learning

may be part of second culture learning and adaptation, but the relationship of SLA to social and cultural learning

differs greatly with circumstances.

5.What is Accommodation Theory? How does this explain L2 variation?

Accommodation theory: Speakers (usually unconsciously) change their pronunciation and even the grammatical complexity of sentences t hey use to sound more like whomever they are talking to. This accounts in part for why

native speakers tend to simply their language when they are talking to a L2 learner who is not fluent, and why L2

learners may acquire somewhat different varieties of the target language when they have different friends.

6.Discuss the importance of input & interaction for L2 learning. How could this affect the feedback provided

to students?

. a) From the perspective of linguistic approaches: (1) behaviorist: they consider input to form the necessary stimuli

and feedback which learners respond to and imitate; (2) Universal Grammar: they consider exposure to input a necessary trigger for activating internal mechanisms; (3) Monitor Model: consider comprehensible input not only necessary but sufficient in itself to account for SLA;