2010年6月英语六级真题+听力原文+答案详解
2010年6月英语六级真题和答案范文
2010年6月英语六级真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2010年6月英语六级真题及答案
2010年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in thepassage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before theelection. Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2010年6月英语六级真题及答案
2010年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in thepassage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before theelection. Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2010年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2010年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. TranslationPart I Writing (30 minutes)1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1．近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象2．出现这种现象的原因和后果3．我认为……正确答案：Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese Along with the step of globalization, most students’ attention has shifted from Chinese to foreign cultures, and has changed to learn foreign languages. Such a shift brought on great worries among people because it is not good for the development of Chinese culture. There may be several reasons accounting for this phenomenon. First and foremost, the globalization greatly stimulates the spread of foreign cultures, which in turn stirs great interest among Chinese students; second, college students are, to some extent, forced to study certain foreign languages so as to pass exams or find good jobs so that they could not spare any time to study Chinese; last but not least, schools have no strict demand on students’ Chinese standard. No doubt, neglecting the study of Chinese will ultimately hold back the development of Chinese culture, and Chinese people may lose their cultural identity in such a competitive world. In order to change this situation and save our identity, due attention should be given to the study of Chinese. To begin with, government should put great efforts on the development of Chinese culture to make more people proud of it; besides, colleges and universities should make exams more balanced, not simply emphasizing the importance of foreign languages; finally, schools should also attach great importance to the study of Chinese, making it a compulsory curriculum. Through these efforts, I think, chances of changing this phenomenon are prosperous.解析：本次写作试题需要考生就学生忽视中文学习的问题进行讨论。
2010年六级听力真题及答案(附原文)
2010年6月英语六级听力试题Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A11. A) The man failed to keep his promise.B) The woman has a poor memory.C) The man borrowed the book from the library.D) The woman does not need the book any more.12. A) The woman is making too big a fuss about her condition.B) Fatigue is a typical symptom of lack of exercise.C) The woman should spend more time outdoors.D) People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting.13. A) The printing on her T-shirt has faded.B) It is not in fashion to have a logo on a T-shirt.C) She regrets having bought one of the T-shirts.D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt.14. A) He regrets having published the article.B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints.C) Not many people have read his article.D) The woman is only trying to console him.15. A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being.B) Go see Daisy immediately.C) Apologize to Daisy again by phone.D) Buy Daisy a new notebook.16. A) Batteries.B) Garden tools.C) Cameras.D) Light bulbs.17. A) The speakers will watch the game together.B) The woman feels lucky to have got a ticket.C) The man plays center on the basketball team.D) The man can get the ticket at its original price.18. A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert.B) The man will return home before going to the concert.C) It is the first time the speakers are attending a concert.D) The woman is going to buy a new dress for the concert.19. A) He wants to sign a long-term contract.B) He is good at both language and literature.C) He prefers teaching to administrative work.D) He is undecided as to which job to go for.20. A) They hate exams.B) The all plan to study in Cambridge.C) They are all adults.D) They are going to work in companies.21. A) Difficult but rewarding.B) Varied and interesting.C) Time-consuming and tiring.D) Demanding and frustrating.22. A) Interviewing a moving star.B) Discussing teenage role models.C) Hosting a television show.D) Reviewing a new biography.23. A) He lost his mother.B) He was unhappy in California.C) He missed his aunt.D) He had to attend school there.24. A) He delivered public speeches.B) He got seriously into acting.C) He hosted talk shows on TV.D) He played a role in East of Eden.25. A) He made numerous popular movies.B) He has long been a legendary figure.C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies.D) He was the most successful actor of his time.Section BPassage One26. A) It carried passengers leaving an island.B) A terrorist forced it to land on Tenerife.C) It crashed when it was circling to land.D) 18 of its passengers survived the crash.27. A) He was kidnapped eight months ago.B) He failed in his negotiations with the Africans.C) He was assassinated in Central Africa.D) He lost lots of money in his African business.28. A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement.B) The workers' pay was raised and their working hours were shortened.C) The trade union gave up its demand.D) The workers on strike were all fired.29. A) Sunny.B) Rainy.C) Windy.D) Cloudy.Passage Two30.A) Some of them had once experienced an earthquake.B) Most of them lacked interest in the subject.C) Very few of them knew much about geology.D) A couple of them had listened to a similar speech before.31. A) By reflecting on Americans' previous failures in predicting earthquakes.B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U. S. history occurred.C) By describing the destructive power of earthquakes.D) By explaining some essential geological principles.32. A) Interrupt him whenever he detected a mistake.B) Focus on the accuracy of the language he used.C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.D) Write down any points where he could improve.Passage Three33.A) It was invented by a group of language experts in the year of 1887.B) It is a language that has its origin in ancient Polish.C) It was created to promote economic globalization.D) It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.34. A) It aims to make Esperanto a working language in the U. N.B) It has increased its popularity with the help of the media.C) It has encountered increasingly tougher challenges.D) It has supporters from many countries in the world.35. A) It is used by a number of influential science journals.B) It is widely taught at schools and in universities.C) It has aroused the interest of many young learners.D) It has had a greater impact than in any other country.Section CGeorge Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are. "You're (36)______." "You're so strong." We first see ourselves through the eyes of others, so their messages form important (37)_______ of our self-concepts. Later we interact with teachers, friends, (38)______ partners, and co-workers who communicate their views of us. Thus, how we see ourselves (39)_______ the views of us that others communicate.The (40)_______ connection between identity and communication is (41)_______evident in children who are (42)________of human contact. Case studies of children who were isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely (43)_________ by lack of language.Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, (44)________________________. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others. (45)__________________________________. The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that (46)___________________________________.2010年6月英语六级听力试题Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A11. A) The man failed to keep his promise.B) The woman has a poor memory.C) The man borrowed the book from the library.D) The woman does not need the book any more. (A)12. A) The woman is making too big a fuss about her condition.B) Fatigue is a typical symptom of lack of exercise.C) The woman should spend more time outdoors.D) People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting. (C)13. A) The printing on her T-shirt has faded.B) It is not in fashion to have a logo on a T-shirt.C) She regrets having bought one of the T-shirts.D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt. (D)14. A) He regrets having published the article.B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints.C) Not many people have read his article.D) The woman is only trying to console him. (B)15. A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being.B) Go see Daisy immediately.C) Apologize to Daisy again by phone.D) Buy Daisy a new notebook. (A)16. A) Batteries.B) Garden tools.C) Cameras.D) Light bulbs. (A)17. A) The speakers will watch the game together.B) The woman feels lucky to have got a ticket.C) The man plays center on the basketball team.D) The man can get the ticket at its original price. (D)18. A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert.B) The man will return home before going to the concert.C) It is the first time the speakers are attending a concert.D) The woman is going to buy a new dress for the concert. (A)19. A) He wants to sign a long-term contract.B) He is good at both language and literature.C) He prefers teaching to administrative work.D) He is undecided as to which job to go for. (D)20. A) They hate exams.B) The all plan to study in Cambridge.C) They are all adults.D) They are going to work in companies. ( C)21. A) Difficult but rewarding.B) Varied and interesting.C) Time-consuming and tiring.D) Demanding and frustrating. (B)22. A) Interviewing a moving star.B) Discussing teenage role models.C) Hosting a television show.D) Reviewing a new biography. (C)23. A) He lost his mother.B) He was unhappy in California.C) He missed his aunt.D) He had to attend school there. (A)24. A) He delivered public speeches.B) He got seriously into acting.C) He hosted talk shows on TV.D) He played a role in East of Eden. (B)25. A) He made numerous popular movies.B) He has long been a legendary figure.C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies.D) He was the most successful actor of his time. (B)Section BPassage One26. A) It carried passengers leaving an island.B) A terrorist forced it to land on Tenerife.C) It crashed when it was circling to land.D) 18 of its passengers survived the crash. (C)27. A) He was kidnapped eight months ago.B) He failed in his negotiations with the Africans.C) He was assassinated in Central Africa.D) He lost lots of money in his African business. (A)28. A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement.B) The workers' pay was raised and their working hours were shortened.C) The trade union gave up its demand.D) The workers on strike were all fired. (C)29. A) Sunny.B) Rainy.C) Windy.D) Cloudy. (B)Passage Two30.A) Some of them had once experienced an earthquake.B) Most of them lacked interest in the subject.C) Very few of them knew much about geology.D) A couple of them had listened to a similar speech before. (C)31. A) By reflecting on Americans' previous failures in predicting earthquakes.B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U. S. history occurred.C) By describing the destructive power of earthquakes.D) By explaining some essential geological principles. (B)32. A) Interrupt him whenever he detected a mistake.B) Focus on the accuracy of the language he used.C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.D) Write down any points where he could improve. (C)Passage Three33.A) It was invented by a group of language experts in the year of 1887.B) It is a language that has its origin in ancient Polish.C) It was created to promote economic globalization.D) It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages. (D)34. A) It aims to make Esperanto a working language in the U. N.B) It has increased its popularity with the help of the media.C) It has encountered increasingly tougher challenges.D) It has supporters from many countries in the world. (D)35. A) It is used by a number of influential science journals.B) It is widely taught at schools and in universities.C) It has aroused the interest of many young learners.D) It has had a greater impact than in any other country. (D)Section CGeorge Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are. "You're (36)intelligent." "You're so strong." We first see ourselves through the eyes of others, so their messages form important (37)foundations of our self-concepts. Later we interact with teachers, friends, (38)romantic partners, and co-workers who communicate their views of us.Thus, how we see ourselves (39)reflects the views of us that others communicate.The (40)profound connection between identity and communication is (41)dramatically evident in children who are (42)deprived of human contact. Case studies of children who were isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely (43)hindered by lack of language.Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, (44)research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress,disease,and early death. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others. (45)A group of reseachers reviewed scores of studies that traced the relationship between health and interaction with others. The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that (46)loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of minor and major illnesses.听力原文11. M: Oh, I‟m so sorry I forgot to bring along the book you borrowed from the library.W: What a terrible memory you have! Anyway, I won‟t need it until Friday night. As long as I can get it by then, OK?Q: What do we learn from this conversation?12. W: Doctor, I haven‟t been able to get enough sleep lately, and I‟m too tired to concentrate inclass.M: Well, you know, spending too much time indoors with all that artificial lighting can do that to you. Your body loses track of whether it‟s day or ni ght.Q: What does the man imply?13. M: I think I‟ll get one of those new T-shirts, you know, with the school‟s logo on both the frontand back.W:You‟ll regret it. They are expensive, and I‟ve heard the printing fades easily when you wash them.Q: What does the woman mean?14. W: I think your article in the school newspaper is right on target, and your viewpoints havecertainly convinced me.M: Thanks, but in view of the general responses, you and I are definitely in the minority.Q: What does the man mean?15. M: Daisy was furious yesterday because I lost her notebook. Should I go see her andapologize to again?W: Well, if I were you, I‟d let her cool off a few days before I approach her.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?16. M: Would you please tell me where I can get batteries for this brand of camera?W: Let me have a look. Oh, yes, go down this aisle, pass the garden tools, you‟ll find them on the shelf next to the light bulbs.Q: What is the man looking for?17. M: Our basketball team i s playing in the finals but I don‟t have a ticket. I guess I‟ll just watchit on TV. Do you want to come over?W: Actually I have a ticket. But I‟m not feeling well. You can have it for what it cost me.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. M: Ho ney, I‟ll be going straight to the theatre from work this evening. Could you bring mysuit and tie along?W: Sure, it‟s the first performance of the State Symphony Orchestra in our city, so suit and tie is a must.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Long ConversationsConversation 1M: I got two letters this morning with job offers, one from the Polytechnic, and the other from the Language School in Pistoia, Italy.W: So you are not sure which to go for?M: That‟s it. Of course, the conditions of wo rk are very different: The Polytechnic is offering two-year contract which could be renewed, but the language school is only offering a year‟s contract, and that‟s a different minus. It could be renewed, but you never know.W: I see. So it‟s much less secure. But you don‟t need to think too much about steady jobs when you are only 23.M: That‟s true.W: What about the salaries?M: Well, the Pistoia job pays much better in the short term. I‟ll be getting the equivalent of about ￡22,000 a year there, but only ￡20,000 at the Polytechnic. But then the hours are different.At the Polytechnic I‟d have to do 35 hours a week, 20 teaching and 15 administration, whereas the Pistoia school is only asking for 30 hours teaching.W: Mmm…M: Then the type of teaching is so different. The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for exams like the Cambridge certificates. The Language School wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, but also quite a lot of work in companies and factories, and a couple of children‟s classes. Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.W: Well, that sounds much more varied and interesting. And I‟d imagine you would be doing quire a lot of teaching outside the school, and moving around quite a bit.M: Yes, whereas with the Polytechnic position, I‟d be stuck in the school all day.Q19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q20. What do we learn about the students at the Polytechnic?Q21. What does the woman think of the job at the Language school?Conversation 2Good evening and welcome to tonight's edition of Legendary Lives. Our subject this evening is James Dean, actor and hero for the young people of his time. Edward Murray is the author of a new biography of Dean.W: Good evening, Edward.M: Hello Tina.W: Edward, tell us what you know about Dean's early life.M: He was born in Indiana in 1931, but his parents moved to California when he was five. He wasn't there long though because his mother passed away just four years later. Jimmy's father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt.W: So how did he get into acting?M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school, then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting. In 1951 he moved to New York to do more stage acting.W: Then when did his movie career really start?M: 1955. His first starring role was in East of Eden. It was fabulous. Dean became a huge success.But the movie that really made him famous was his second one, Rebel Without a Cause, that was about teenagers who felt like they didn't fit into society.W: So how many more movies did he make?M: Just one more, then he died in that car crash in California in 1955.W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies! So what made him the legend he still is today? M: Well I guess his looks, his acting ability, his short life, and maybe the type of character he played in his movies. Many young people saw him as a symbol of American youths.Q22 What is the woman doing?Q23 Why did James Dean move back to Indiana when he was young?Q24 What does the man say James Dean did at college in California?Section BPassage 1The time is 9 o‟clock and this is Marian Snow with the news.The German authorities are sending investigators to discover the cause of the plane crash late yesterday on the island of Tenerife. The plane, a Boeing 737, taking German holiday makers to the island crashed into a hillside as it circled while preparing to land. The plane was carrying 180 passengers. It‟s thought there are no survivors. Rescue workers were at the scene.The British industrialist James Louis, held by kidnapper in central Africa for the past 8 months, was released unharmed yesterday. The kidnappers had been demanding 1 million pounds for the release of Mr. Louis. The London Bank and their agents who had been negotiating with the kidnappers have not said whether any amount of money has been paid.The 500 UK motors workers who had been on strike in High Town for the past 3 three weeks went back to work this morning. This follows successful talks between management and union representatives, which resulted in a new agreement on working hour and conditions. A spokesman for the management said they‟d hope they could now get back to producing cars, and that they lost lots of money and orders over this dispute.And finally the weather. After a code start, most of the country should be warm and sunny. But towards late afternoon, rain will spread from Scotland to cover most parts by midnight.26 What does the news say about the Boeing 737 plane?27 What happened to British industrialist James Louis?28 How did the 3-week strike in High Town end?29 What kind of weather will be expected by midnight in most parts of the country?Passage 2Juan Louis, a junior geology major, decided to give an informative speech about how earthquakes occur. From his audience and analysis he learned that only 2 or 3 of his classmates knew much of anything about geology. Juan realized then that he must present his speech at an elementary level and with a minimum of scientific language. As he prepared the speech, Juan kept asking himself, “How can I make this clear and meaningful to someone who knows nothing about earthquakes or geological principles?” Since he was speaking in the Midwest, he decided to begin by not ing that the most severe earthquake in American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in 1811. If such an earthquake happened today, it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean and would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley. That, he figured, should get his classmates‟ attention. Throughout the body of the speech, Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of the earthquakes, carefully avoid technical terms. He also prepared visual aids, diagramming photo line, so his classmates wouldn‟t get confused. To be absolutely safe, Juan asked his roommate, who was not a geology major, to listen to the speech. “Stop me,” he said, “any time I say something you don‟t understand.” Juan‟s roommate sto pped him four times. And at each spot, Juan worked out a way to make his point more clearly. Finally, he had a speech that was interesting and perfectly understandable to his audience.Q30 What did Juan Louis learn from the analysis of his audience?Q31 How did Juan Louis start his speech?Q32 What did Juan ask his roommate to do when he was making his trial speech?Passage 3Esperanto is an artificial language, designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means of communication among speakers of different languages. It was created by Ludwig Lazar Zamenhof, a polish Jewish doctor specialized in eye diseases. Esperanto was first presented in 1887. An international movement was launched to promote its use. Despite arguments and disagreements, the movement has continued to flourish and has members in more than 80 countries. Esperanto is used internationally across language boundaries by at least 1 million people, particularly in specialized fields. It is used in personal contexts, on radio broadcasts and in a number of Its popularity has spread form Europe, both east and west, to such countries as Brazil and Japan. It is, however, in China that Esperanto has had its greatest impact. It is taught in universities and used in many translations, often in scientific or technological works. EL POPOLA CHINIO, whichmeans from people‟s China, it‟s a monthly magazine in Esperanto and it‟s read worldwide. Radio Beijing‟s Esperanto program is the most popular program in Esperanto in the world. Esperanto vocabulary is d rawn primarily from Latin, the Roman‟s languages, English and German. Spelling is completely regular. A simple and consistent set of endings indicates grammatical functions of words. Thus for example, every noun ends in “o”, every adjective in “a”, and bas ic form of every verb in “i”. Esperanto also has a highly productive system of constructing new words from old ones.Q33 What does the speaker tell us about Esperanto?Q34 What is said about the international movement to promote the use of Esperanto?Q35 What does the speaker say about Esperanto in China?2010年12月英语六级听力试题Part I Listening ComprehensionSection A11. [A] The man is the manager of the apartment building.[B] The woman is very good at bargaining.[C] The woman will get the apartment refurnished.[D] The man is looking for an apartment.12. [A] How the pictures will turn out.[B] Where the botanical garden is.[C] What the man thinks of the shots.[D] Why the pictures are not ready.13. [A] There is no replacement for the handle.[B] There is no match for the suitcase.[C] The suitcase is not worth fixing.[D] The suitcase can be fixed in time.14. [A] He needs a vehicle to be used in harsh weather.[B] He has a fairly large collection of quality trucks.[C] He has had his truck adapted for cold temperatures.[D] He does routine truck maintenance for the woman.15. [A] She cannot stand her boss‟s bad temper.[B] She has often been criticized by her boss.[C] She has made up her mind to resign.[D] She never regrets any decisions she makes.16. [A] Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size.[B] Replace the shirt with one of some other material.[C] Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt.[D] Get a discount on the shirt she is going to buy.17. [A] At a “Lost and Found”.[B] At a reception desk.[C] At a trade fair.[D] At an exhibition.18. [A] Repair it and move in.[B] Pass it on to his grandson.[C] Convert it into a hotel.[D] Sell it for a good price.19. [A] Unique descriptive skills.[B] Good knowledge of readers‟ tastes.[C] Colourful world experiences.[D] Careful plotting and clueing.20. [A] A peaceful setting.[B] A spacious room.[C] To be in the right mood.[D] To be entirely alone.21. [A] They rely heavily on their own imagination.[B] They have experiences similar to the characters‟.[C] They look at the world in a detached manner.[D] They are overwhelmed by their own prejudices.22. [A] Good or bad, they are there to stay.[B] Like it or not, you have to use them.[C] Believe it or not, they have survived.[D] Gain or lose, they should be modernised.23. [A] The frequent train delays.[B] The high train ticket fares.[C]The food sold on the trains.[D] The monopoly of British Railways.24. [A] The low efficiency of their operation.[B] Competition from other modes of transport.[C] Constant complaints from passengers.[D] The passing of the new transport act.25. [A] They will be de-nationalised.[B] They provide worse service.[C] They are fast disappearing.[D] They lose a lot of money.Section BPassage One26. [A] The whole Antarctic region will be submerged.[B] Some polar animals will soon become extinct.[C] Many coastal cities will be covered with water.[D] The earth will experience extreme weathers.27. [A] How humans are to cope with global warming.[B] How unstable the West Antarctic ice sheet is.[C] How vulnerable the coastal cities are.[D] How polar ice impacts global weather.28. [A] It collapsed at least once in the past 1.3 million years.[B] It sits firmly on solid rock at the bottom of the ocean.[C] It melted at temperatures a bit higher than those of today.[D] It will have little impact on sea level when it breaks up.29. [A] The West Antarctic region was once an open ocean.[B] The West Antarctic ice sheet was about 7,000 feet thick.[C] The West Antarctic ice sheet was once floating ice.[D] The West Antarctic region used to be warmer than today. Passage Two30. [A] Whether we can develop social ties on the Internet.[B] Whether a deleted photo is immediately removed from the web.[C] Whether our blogs can be renewed daily.[D] Whether we can set up our own websites.31. [A] The number of visits they receive.[B] The way they store data.[C] The files they have collected.[D] The means they use to get information.32. [A] When the system is down.[B] When new links are set up.[C] When the URL is reused.[D] When the server is restarted.Passage Three33. [A] Some iced coffees have as many calories as a hot dinner.[B] Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated.[C] Drinking coffee after a meal is more likely to cause obesity.[D] Some brand-name coffees contain harmful substances.34. [A] Have some fresh fruit.[B] Exercise at the gym.[C] Take a hot shower.[D] Eat a hot dinner.35. [A] They could enjoy a happier family life.[B] They could greatly improve their work efficiency.[C] Many cancer cases could be prevented.[D] Many embarrassing situations could be avoided.Section C。
2010年6月六级试卷含答案、听力原文
Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with theinformation given in the passage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the testassessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants.Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views.The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election. Huge obstacles It could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2010年6月英语六级真题及答案
2010年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in thepassage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before theelection. Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2010年6月英语六级考试
2010年6月英语六级考试(B卷)真题及参考答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section AQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Question: My ninth-grade art teacher doesn't give any grade above 94% because, she says, "There's always room for improvement." In previous years, I earned a 99% and a 100%. The 94 I received this term does not reflect the hard work that I put into this course. Because of her "improvement" theory, I got a lower grade than I deserve. Is her grading philosophy ethical (符合职业道德规范的)?Answer: Your teacher's grading system may be unwise, but it is not unethical. A teacher deserves wide latitude in selecting the method of grading that best promotes learning in her classroom; that is, after all, the prime function of grades. It is she who has the training and experience to make this decision. Assuming that your teacher is neither biased nor corrupt and that her system conforms to school rules, you can't fault her ethics.You can criticize her methodology. A 100 need not imply that there is no possibility of improvement, only that a student successfully completed the course work. A ninth grader could get a well-earned 100 in English class but still have a way to go before she writes as well as Jane Austen. What's more, grades are not only an educational device but are also part of a screening system to help assign kids to their next class or program. By capping her grades at 94 while most other teachers grade on a scale that tops out at 100, your teacher could jeopardize a student's chance of getting a scholarship or getting into a top college.What it is wrong to condemn her for is overlooking your hard work. You diligence is worthy of encouragement, but effort does not equal accomplishment. If scholars suddenly discovered that Rembrandt had dashed off "The Night Watch" in an afternoon, it would still be "The Night Watch."I could spend months sweating over my own "paintings", but I'd produce something you wouldn't want to hang in your living room. Or your garage.One feature of a good grading system is that those measured by it generally regard it as fair and reasonable—not the case here. Simmering (难以平息的) resentment is seldom an aid to education.And so your next step should be to discuss your concerns with your teacher or the principal.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2010年六月六级听力真题及答案(附原文).doc
2010年六月六级听力真题及答案(附原文).doc11:I left 20 pages here to copy ,here’s the receipt: I’ m sorry ,sir ,but we are a little behind ,could you come back in a few minutes ?what does the woman mean ?I hope you are not to put out with me f or the delay ,I had to stop for the Fred’s home to pick up on my way here: well , that’s not a big deal ,but you might at least phone if you know you will keep someone what do we learn about the women ?: Mark is the best candidate for chairman of the student’s union , isn’t he ?:well ,that guy won’t be able to win the election unless he got the majority vote from women s ,and I am not sure about it ?what does the man mean ?: sorry to have kept you waiting ,Madam , I’ve located your luggage, it was left behind in Paris n’t arrive until later this evening: oh ,I can’t believe this ,have it been to delivered to my hotel then ,I guesswhat happened to the woman’s luggage ?W：I do n’t think we have enough information for our presentation. But we have to give it ow. That doesn’t seem to be much we can do about it.Yeah, at this point, we’ll have to make do with what we’ve got.what does the man suggest they do?I’m taking this great course psychology of language. It’s really interesting. Since you’re ogy major, you should sign up for it.Actually, I tried to do that. But they told me I have to take language studies first.What do we learn from the conversation?Can you believe the way Larry was talking to his roommate? No wonder they don’t get along.Well, maybe Larry was just reacting to something his roommate said. There are two sides to ory you know.What does the man imply about Larry and his roommate?M: We don’t have the resources to stop those people from buying us out. Unless a miracle s, this may be the end of us.I still have hope we can get help from the bank. After all, we don’t need that m uch money. What do we learn about the speakers from the conversation?对话原文nversation Oneestions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.You know I've often wondered why people laugh at the picture of a big belly businessman g on a banana skin and falling on his bottom. We are to feel sorry for them.Actually, Laura, I think we laugh because we are glad it didn't happen to us. But of course thereW：Your name Sanjay Kumar is that correct?：Yes, madam.：You claim you are traveling on a scholarship from Delhi University.：That's right.：Now it seems that a hand gun was found in your luggage. Do you admit that?：Yes, but…：According to the statement you made, you had never seen the hand gun before it was found in g. Do you still maintain that?：But it's true. I swear it.：Mmm, you do realize Mr. Kumar that to bring a hand gun into Hong Kong without proper zation is a serious offense.：But I didn't bring it. I … I me an I didn't know anything about it. It wasn't there when I left My bags were searched. It was part of the airport security check.：Maybe so, but someone managed to get that hand gun onto the aircraft or it couldn't have been：Someone but not me.：Tell me , where was your personal bag during the flight?：I had it down by my feet between me and the man in the next seat.He was the only person who could have opened my bag while I was asleep. It must have beenI see. Have you any idea who this man was?He told me his name, Alfred Foster. He was very friendly, after I woke up that is. He hadn'tbefore.Alfred Foster, we can check that on the passenger list.He said he had a car coming to meet him. He offered me a lift.Oh, Why should he do that?So he can get his handgun back, that's why. Please find him, Madam.estions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heardWhat is Sanjay Kumar suspected of?What do we know about Alfred Foster ?What does Sanjay Kumar ask the woman to do finally?力理解短文原文ction Bssage Oneeryone is looking for a good investment these days. And with stocks, currencies and companies hing, some are finding that taking the trip of a lifetime is actually a smart move right now. Prices od, crowds are fewer and the dividends like expanded worldview, lifelong memories, the tion of boosting the global economy—can't be easily snatched away. Sylvia and Paul Custerson, a couple from Cambridge, England, recently took a 16-day vacation to Namibia, where they went -watching excursions. Later this year, they are planning a trip to Patagonia. "We're using our now," says Sylvia, "And why not? We're not getting any interest in the bank. If it's a place we want to go, then we will go. We may as well travel while we're fit and healthy. "me travel agents are thriving in spite of the economy. "We've had more people booking in the arter of this year than last," says Hubert Moineau, founder of Tselana Travel, which is planningduce a new program of longer adventure trips, including polar expeditions and cruises in the gos. "We're hearing things like, 'We don't know what the situation will be in six months so let's ow' ", Ashley Toft, managing director of the U. K. tour operator Explore has been surprised to ncrease in last-minute bookings of high-priced trips to such places as India, Bhutan and Nepal. ms people would rather give up something else than the big trip," he says. Travel has become a y. It's just how we travel that is changing.estions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.According to the speaker, why are some people willing to spend their money on travel these days? What is Tselana Travel planning to do, according to its founder?According to Ashley Toft, managing director of Explore, what is changing now with regard tossage Twomehow the old male and female stereotypes no longer fit. Men and women in this country been fulfilling their traditional roles for some time now. And there seem to be fewer and fewer ces between the sexes. For instance, even though more women than men are still homemakers paying jobs, women have been taking over more responsibility in the business world, earning salaries than ever before and entering fields of work that used to be exclusively male areas. At meetings and in group discussions, they might speak up more often, express strong opinions and p with more creative and practical ideas than their male colleagues. Several days ago, my -old daughter came to me with some important news. Not only had she found the highest paying er career, but she’d also accepted a date with the most charming men she’d ever met. eally?”, I responded,” tell me about them.”eceptionist in an attorney’s office and a welder at a construction site.” She answered in a of-fact way. The interesting thing is my daughter’s date is the receptionist and my daughter is the The old stereotypes of men’s and women’s work have been changing more quickly than ever except perhaps in my own marriage.Who's going to mow the lawn? ” I asked my husband this morning.h, I will,” he answered politely. ”That's men's work. ”What?” Irritated, I raised my voice. “That's a ridiculous stereotype. I'll show you who can do the on the lawn.”e work took 3 hours and I did it all myself.estions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.What is the speaker mainly talking about?What might women do at office meetings nowadays according to the speaker?Why did the speaker mow the lawn herself that morning?ssage Threeorence Hayes is a journalist for the Green Ville Journal, the daily newspaper in town. Specifically ers crime in the Green Ville area. This responsibility takes her to many different places every —the police station, the court and the hospital. Most of the crimes that she writes about fall into ups: violent crimes and crimes against property. There isn’t much violent crime in a small town een Ville, or at least not as much as in the large urban areas. But assaults often occur on Friday urday nights, near the bars downtown. There’re also one or two rapes on campus every semester.e is very interested in this type of crime and tries to write a long article about each one. She that this will make women more careful when they walk around Green Ville alone at nightrtunately, there were usually no murders in Green Ville. Crimes against property make up most Heyes’ reporting. They range from mino r cases of deliberate damaging of things to much more offenses, such as car accidents involving drunk drivers or bank robberies but Florence has to all of these violations from the thief who took typewriters from every unlock room in the ory to the thief who stole one million dollars worth of art work from the university museum. Miss njoys working for a newspaper but she sometimes gets unhappy about all the crime she has to She would prefer to start writing about something more interesting and less unpleasant such as ws or politics, maybe next yearorence Hayeseen Villeestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.What is Florence Hayes’ main responsibility as a journalist?What does the speaker say about security in Green Ville?What do we learn about crimes against property in the Green Ville area?What would Florence Hayes prefer to do?合式听写原文ction C Compound DictationAmerica, people are faced with more and more decisions every day, whether it’s picking one of ne ice cream flavors, or deciding whether and when to get married. That sounds like a great but as a recent study has shown, too many choices can make us confused, unhappy, even ed with indecision. ‘That’s particularly true when it comes to the work place’, says Barry tz, an author of six books about human behavior. Students are graduating with a variety of skillserests, but often find themselves overwhelmed when it comes to choosing an ultimate career goal. dy, Schwartz observed decision-making among college students during their senior year. Based wers to questions regarding their job hunting strategies and career decisions, he divided the s into two groups：maximizers, who consider every possible option, and satisficers, who look until d an option that is good enough. You might expect that the student who had undertaken the most ed search would be the most satisfied with the ir final decision, but it turns out that’s not true. tz found that while maximizers ended up with better-paying jobs than satisficers on average, ren’t as happy with their decision. The reason why these people feel less satisfied is that a wor ld bilities may also be a world of missed opportunities. When you look at every possible option, you focus more on what was given up than what was gained. After surveying every option, a person acutely aware of the opportunities they had to turn down to pursue just one career11 C) She has not got the man’s copies for her12 B) She was late for the appointment13 C) It won’t be easy for Mark to win the election14 A) It failed to arrive at its destination in time15 A) Just make use of whatever information is available16 D) The woman isn’t qualified to take the course the manmentioned17 A) They are both to blame18 A) They are in desperate need of financial assistance19 C) We derive some humorous satisfaction from theirmisfortune20 C) They don’t know how to cope with the situation21 A) They themselves would like to do it but don’t dare to22 C) To relieve her feelings23 D) Bringing a handgun into Hong Kong24 D) He is suspected of having slipped some thing in Kunmar’sbag25 B) Find Alfred Foster26 B) They think travel gives them their money’s worth27 D) Launch a new program of adventure trips28 B) The way people travel29 B) The changing roles played by men and women30 A) Offer more creative and practical ideas than men31 C) To show that women are capable of doing what men do32 B) Reporting criminal offenses in Greenville33 D) It has fewer violent crimes than big cities34 A) There are a wide range of cases35 A) Write about something pleasantIn America, people are faced with more and more decisions everyday, whether it’s picking one of thirty-one ice cream(36)flavors, or deciding whether and when to get married.That sounds like a great thing, but as a recent study has shown,too many choices can make us (37)confused, unhappy, evenparalyzed with indecision. ‘That’s (38)particularly truewhen it comes to the work place’, saysBarry Schwartz, an author ofsix books about human (39)behavior. Students are graduatingwith a (40)variety of skills and interests, but often findthemselves (41)overwhelmed when it comes to choosing anultimate career goal. In a study, Schwartz observed decision-makingamong college students during their (42)senior year. Basedon answers to questions regarding their job hunting(43)strategies and career decisions, he divided the studentsinto two groups：maximizers, who consider every possible option, andsatisficers, who look until they find an option that is goodenough. You might expect that the student (44)who had undertakenthe most exhausted search would be the most satisfied with theirfinal decision, but it turns out that’s not true. Schwartzfound that while maximizers ended up with better-paying jobs thansatisficers on average, they weren’t as happy with their decision.The reason (45)why these people feel less satisfied is that aworld of possibilities may also be a world of missedopportunities. When you look at every possible option, you tendto focus more on what was given up than what was gained. Aftersurveying every option, (46)a person is more acutely aware ofthe opportunities they had to turn down to pursue just onecareer。
2010年6月六级真题答案
2010年6月六级真题答案作文Due Attention Should Be Given To the Study of Chinese1 近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2 出现这种现象的原因和后果；3 针对这种现象，我认为……Do you remember these famous litterateurs: Lu xun, Zhu zi qing, Lao she or Bing xin? How familiar these names are! Unfortunately, countless students pay no attention to the study of Chinese. Nowadays, Internet, English and game occupy students’ time and attention. For the majority of students, the study of Chinese has become a remote memory.Why such a phenomenon emerges? Educators attribute it to the ignorance of university administration. Chinese is an essential course for college students in China. However, for a long time there has been a neglect in the study of Chinese. Taking a look around, every teacher encourages students to spend all time on learning English. On the contrary, none of them promotes students to learn Chinese. In the wake of this situation, students will make growing Chinese mistakes in spelling, reading and speaking. Maybe someday, Chinese would fade from historical stage.In my opinion, some drastic measures should be taken. First of all, we can raise students’ awareness that the study of Chinese is indispensable to us. In addition, teachers can offer more courses related to Chinese or Chinese culture. Finally, we can promote CCT(college Chinese testing) . In a word, due attention should be given to the study of Chinese.快速阅读1..D Relieved2. B she could go as far as she wanted in life3. B The power of role models4. D Obama's success impacted blacks' performance in language tests5. A The change in bias against black is slow in coming6. C people are now less ready to support policies addressing racial inequality7. C racial inequality still persists in American society8. our views of women9. political sentiment10. stereotypes听力Section A11. A) The man failed to keep his promise.12. C) The woman should spend more time outdoors.13. D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt.14. B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints.15. A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being.16. A) Batteries.17. D) The man can get the ticket at its original price.18. A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert.19. D) He is undecided as to which job to go for.20. C) They are all adults.21. B) V aried and interesting.22. C) Hosting a television show.23. A) He lost his mother.24. B) He got seriously into acting.25. B) He has long been a legendary figure.Section B26 C) It crashed when it was circling to land.27 A) He was kidnapped eight months ago.28 A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement.29 B) Rainy30 C) V ery few of them knew much about geology.31 B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U.S. history occurred.32 C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.33 D) It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.34 D) It has supporters from many countries in the world.35 D) It has had a greater impact than in any other country.Section C36. intelligent37. foundations38. romantic39. reflects40. profound41. dramatically42. deprived43. hindered44. research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereassocial isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death.45. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationshipbetween health and interaction with others.46. loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a rangeof miner and major illnesses.深度阅读Section A47 a grade above 94%/ a higher grade48 select the method of grading49 improving50 effort and accomplishment51 discuss his concernsSection BPassage 152 A) America is now the only developed country without the policy.53 D) The opposition from business circles.54 B) Good parenting benefits society.55 B) They fail to provide enough support for parents.56 D) It is basically a social undertaking.Passage 257 A) More young voters are going to the polls than before.58 C) Whether young people will continue to support Obama’s policy.59 D) Their lives in relation to Obama’s presidency.60 C) Their utilization of the Internet.61 D) They are indifferent to politics.完形填空62.A findings63.B attribute64.D with65.B related66.D shrinking67.A published68.B to69.B simply70.A vital71.C too72.A benefits73.D outside74.C Exposure75.B less76.C analysis77.C necessarily78.C approved79.B always80.A advantage81.D grateful翻译82. Their only son has never thought83. weigh possible consequences of your decision/weigh your decision against its possible consequences84. would he break his promise to pay back the money/would he breach his commitment of paying back the money85. should not be addicted to computer games/should not indulge themselves in computer games/should not abandon themselves to computer games86. never considered working as a salesman/never thought of working as a salesman/never thought about working as salesman附加：完形填空题源Slender in the GrassTIME 2008.12.08 V ol. 172 No.23By SANJAY GUPTA, M.D. with reporting by Shahreen AbedinThere’s one place my young daughters love so much that we have to spell out the word in their presence, lest they go berserk: the p-a-r-k. We regularly use a trip to the park as a bribe, and while that may not be the best parenting technique, in this case it comes with incredible rewards.A new study found that inner-city kids living in neighborhoods with more green space gained about 13% less weight over a two-year period than kids living amid more concrete and fewer trees. Such findings tell a powerful story. The obesity epidemic began in the 1980s, and many people attribute it to increased portion sizes and inactivity, but that can’t be everything. Big Macs and TVs have been with us for a long time. “Most experts agree that the changes were related to something in the environment,” says social epidemiologist Thomas Glass of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. That something could be a shrinking of the green.The new research, published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, isn’t the first to associate greenery with better health, but it does get us closer to identifying what works and why. At its most straightforward, a green neighborhood simply means more places for kids to play — which is vital since time spent outdoors is one of the strongest correlates of children’s activity levels. But green space is good for the mind too; research by environmental psychologists has shown that it has cognitive benefits for children with attention-deficit/ hyper activity disorder (ADHD). In one study, simply reading outside in a green setting improved kids’ symptoms.Exposure to grassy areas has also been linked to less stress and a lower body mass index among adults. And an analysis of 3,000 Tokyo residents associated walkable green spaces with greater longevity among senior citizens.Glass cautions that most studies don’t necessarily prove a causal link betwee n greenness and health, but they’re nonetheless helping spur action. In September the U.S. House of Representatives approved the delightfully named No Child Left Inside Act to encourage public initiatives aimed at exposing kids to the outdoors.Finding green space is, of course, not always easy, and you may have to work a bit to get your family a little grass and trees. If you live in a suburb or a city with good parks, take advantage of what’s there. Y our children in particular will love it — and their bodies and minds will thank you.2010年6月英语六级考试真题的来源比较丰富，涉及书本、网站、传统杂志等，内容几乎是清一色的人文社会类主题。
2010年6月英语六级真题及答案
2010年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in thepassage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before theelection. Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2010年6月英语六级真题及答案
2010年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in thepassage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before theelection. Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
昂立六级听力原文及完整答案
【昂立- 大学英语四六级考试(CET)试题】以下是2010年6月19日四级答案听力短对话“原文”：Short conversations11. W: Just imagine we have to finish reading 300 pages before Monday, how can the professor expect us to do it in such a short time?M: Yeah, but what troubles me is that I can’t find the book in the library or in the university bookstore。
Q: what does the man mean?12. M: Do you think I could borrow your car to go grocery shopping? The supermarkets outside the city are so much cheaper. I’d also be happy to pick up anything you need。
W: Wow, I don’t like to let anyone else to drive my car. Tell you what, why don’t we go together?Q: What does the woman mean?13. M: Forgive the mess in here. We had a party last night. There were a lot of people and they all brought foodW: Yeah, I can tell. Well, I guess it’s pretty obvious what you’ll be doing most of today。
2010年6月6级真题听力原文
[ti:][ar:][al:][by:九九Lrc歌词网～][02:23.52]College English Test—Band 6[02:26.88]Part III Listening Comprehension[02:30.15]Section A[02:32.75]Directions: In this section,[02:36.32]you will hear 8 short conversations[02:38.49]and 2 long conversations.[02:40.99]At the end of each conversation,[02:43.53]one or more questions will be asked about what was said. [02:47.82]Both the conversation and the questions[02:49.59]will be spoken only once.[02:52.01]After each question there will be a pause.[02:55.67]During the pause,[02:57.36]you must read the four choices marked A),[03:00.52]B), C) and D),[03:03.18]and decide which is the best answer.[03:05.62]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 [03:09.75]with a single line through the centre.[03:13.03]Now let’s begin with the eight short conversations.[03:18.89]11. M: Oh, I'm so sorry I forgot to bring along the book [03:24.05]you borrowed from the library.[03:26.10]W: What a terrible memory you have![03:28.82]Anyway, I won't need it until Friday night.[03:31.51]As long as I can get it by then, OK?[03:35.19]Q: What do we learn from this conversation?[03:51.33]12. W: Doctor, I haven't been able to get enough sleep lately, [03:56.82]and I'm too tired to concentrate in class.[03:59.56]M: Well, you know, spending too much time indoors [04:02.17]with all that artificial lighting can do that to you.[04:05.40]Your body loses track of whether it's day or night.[04:09.92]Q: What does the man imply?[04:25.89]13. M: I think I'll get one of those new T-shirts,[04:31.08]you know, with the school's logo[04:32.52]on both the front and the back.[04:34.52]W: You'll regret it.[04:35.84]They are expensive,[04:37.21]and I've heard the printing fades easily[04:39.16]when you wash them.[04:41.12]Q: What does the woman mean?[04:56.36]14. W: I think your article in the school newspaper[05:00.56]is right on target,[05:02.27]and your viewpoints have certainly convinced me.[05:05.30]M: Thanks, but in view of the general responses,[05:08.74]you and I are definitely in the minority.[05:12.20]Q: What does the man mean?[05:28.04]15. M: Daisy was furious yesterday[05:32.15]because I lost her notebook.[05:34.22]Should I go see her and apologize to her again?[05:37.57]W: Well, if I were you,[05:39.20]I'd let her cool off a few days before I approach her.[05:43.75]Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?[06:01.49]16. M: Would you please tell me[06:05.25]where I can get batteries for this brand of camera?[06:08.31]W: Let me have a look.[06:10.10]Oh, yes, go down this aisle, pass the garden tools,[06:14.66]you'll find them on the shelf next to the light bulbs.[06:18.70]Q: What is the man looking for?[06:35.05]17. M: Our basketball team is playing in the finals[06:40.06]but I don't have a ticket.[06:41.84]I guess I'll just watch it on TV.[06:44.39]Do you want to come over?[06:46.15]W: Actually I have a ticket, but I'm not feeling well.[06:50.13]You can have it for what it cost me.[06:53.76]Q: What do we learn from the conversation?[07:10.57]18. M: Honey,[07:12.82]I'll be going straight to the theatre from work this evening. [07:15.75]Could you bring my suit and tie along?[07:18.45]W: Sure.[07:19.32]It's the first performance of the States Symphony Orchestra [07:22.51]in our city, so suit and tie is a must.[07:26.57]Q: What do we learn from the conversation?[07:42.83]Now you’ll hear the two long conversations.[07:46.37]Conversation One[07:48.76]M: I got two letters this morning with job offers,[07:51.76]one from the Polytechnic,[07:53.80]and the other from the Language School in Pistoia, Italy. [07:57.91]W: So you're not sure which to go for?[08:00.71]M: That's it. Of course,[08:02.41]the conditions of work are very different:[08:04.83]The Polytechnic is offering a two-year contract[08:07.86]which could be renewed,[08:09.53]but the Language School is only offering a year's contract [08:12.96]and that's a definite minus.[08:14.93]It could be renewed, but you'll never know.[08:17.76]W: I see. So it's much less secure.[08:21.41]But you don't need to think too much about steady jobs[08:24.64]when you're only 23.[08:26.58]M: That's true.[08:27.68]W: What about the salaries?[08:29.78]M: Well, the Pistoia job pays much better in the short term. [08:33.70]I'll be getting the equivalent of about ￡22 000 a year there, [08:38.59]but only ￡20 000 of the Polytechnic.[08:41.82]But then the hours are different.[08:44.05]At the Polytechnic, I'd have to do 35 hours a week,[08:47.82]20 teaching and 15 administration,[08:50.89]whereas the Pistoia School is only asking for 30 hours' teaching. [08:55.34]W: Hmm...[08:56.75]M: Then the type of teaching is so different.[08:59.28]The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for exams, [09:03.59]like the Cambridge certificates.[09:05.38]The Language School wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, [09:08.89]but also quite a lot of work in companies and factories[09:12.15]and a couple of children's classes.[09:14.50]Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.[09:16.95]W: Well, that sounds much more varied and interesting.[09:20.02]And I'd imagine you would be doing quite a lot of[09:22.84]teaching outside the school and moving around quite a bit. [09:26.72]M: Yes, whereas with the Polytechnic position,[09:29.99]I'd be stuck in the school all day.[09:33.52]Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation[09:37.30]you have just heard.[09:40.51]19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation? [09:59.60]20. What do we learn about the students at the Polytechnic? [10:18.13]21. What does the woman think of the job at the Language School? [10:37.87]Conversation Two[10:40.59]W: Good evening,[10:41.58]and welcome to tonight's edition of “Legendary Lives.”[10:45.45]Our subject this evening is James Dean,[10:48.17]actor and hero for the young people of his time.[10:51.73]Edward Murray is the author of a new biography of Dean.[10:55.70]Good evening, Edward.[10:56.93]M: Hello, Tina.[10:57.98]W: Edward, tell us what you know about Dean's early life. [11:01.60]M: He was born in Indiana in 1931,[11:05.03]but his parents moved to California when he was five.[11:08.49]He wasn't there long, though,[11:10.21]because his mother passed away just four years later.[11:13.24]Jimmy's father sent him back to Indiana[11:15.71]after that to live with his aunt.[11:17.83]W: So how did he get into acting?[11:20.56]M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school,[11:23.99]then he went to college in California[11:26.51]where he got seriously into acting.[11:28.96]In 1951, he moved to New York to do more stage acting.[11:33.80]W: Then when did his movie career really start?[11:37.71]M: 1955. His first starring role was in East of Eden.[11:42.96]It was fabulous. Dean became a huge success.[11:46.44]But the movie that really made him famous[11:48.99]was his second one—Rebel Without a Cause,[11:52.34]that was about teenagers[11:53.86]who felt like they didn't fit into society.[11:56.63]W: So how many more movies did he make?[11:59.78]M: Just one more, then he died in a car crash[12:02.79]in California in 1955.[12:05.75]W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies.[12:09.49]So what made him the legend he still is today?[12:12.94]M: Well, I guess his looks, his acting ability,[12:16.75]his short life and maybe the type of character[12:20.19]he played in his movies.[12:22.06]Many young people saw him[12:23.62]as a symbol of American youths.[12:27.75]Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation[12:32.12]you have just heard.[12:34.62]22. What is the woman doing?[12:52.07]23. Why did James Dean move back to Indiana[12:57.29]when he was young?[13:12.18]24. What does the man say James Dean did at college[13:18.00]in California?[13:33.17]25. What do we learn about James Dean from the conversation? [13:52.65]Section B[13:54.21]Directions: In this section,[13:57.04]you will hear 3 short passages.[13:59.86]At the end of each passage,[14:01.83]you will hear some questions.[14:03.82]Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. [14:08.58]After you hear a question,[14:10.25]you must choose the best answer from the four choices [14:13.49]marked A), B), C) and D).[14:17.76]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2[14:21.49]with a single line through the centre.[14:25.39]Passage One[14:27.22]The time is nine o'clock[14:28.81]and this is Marian Snow with the news.[14:31.76]The German authorities are sending investigators[14:35.11]to discover the cause of the plane crash late yesterday[14:38.33]on the island of Tenerife.[14:40.79]The plane, a Boeing 737,[14:43.33]taking German holiday makers to the island,[14:46.42]crashed into a hillside as it circled[14:48.95]while preparing to land.[14:51.06]The plane was carrying 180 passengers.[14:54.70]It's thought there are no survivors.[14:57.36]Rescue workers were at the scene.[15:04.21]The British industrialist James Louis,[15:06.63]held by kidnappers in Central Africa[15:09.01]for the past eight months,[15:10.57]was released unharmed yesterday.[15:13.13]The kidnappers had been demanding ￡1 million[15:16.27]for the release of Mr. Louis.[15:18.53]The London Bank and their agents[15:20.56]who have been negotiating with the kidnappers[15:23.20]have not said whether any amount of money has been paid. [15:32.90]The 500 UK motors workers[15:35.44]who had been on strike in High Town[15:37.45]for the past three weeks went back to work this morning. [15:41.25]This follows successful talks between management[15:44.21]and union representatives,[15:46.09]which resulted in a new agreement on[15:48.39]working hours and conditions.[15:50.44]A spokesman for the management said that[15:53.71]they'd hope they could now get back to producing cars, [15:57.01]and that they lost a lot of money and orders over this dispute. [16:05.01]And finally the weather.[16:07.12]After a cold start,[16:08.64]most of the country should be warm and sunny.[16:11.39]But towards late afternoon,[16:13.52]rain will spread from Scotland to cover most parts by midnight. [16:18.78]Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage[16:21.97]you have just heard.[16:24.49]26. What does the news say about the Boeing 737 plane? [16:44.17]27. What happened to British industrialist James Louis? [17:03.54]28. How did the three-week strike in High Town end? [17:23.45]29. What kind of weather will be expected by midnight [17:28.96]in most parts of the country?[17:45.54]Passage Two[17:47.33]Juan Louis, a junior geology major,[17:50.69]decided to give an informative speech[17:53.01]about how earthquakes occur.[17:55.51]From his audience analysis he learned that[17:58.34]only two or three of his classmates[18:00.36]knew much of anything about geology.[18:03.33]Juan realized then that he must present his speech[18:06.61]at an elementary level[18:08.13]and with a minimum of scientific language.[18:12.74]As he prepared the speech, Juan kept asking himself, [18:16.93]“How can I make this clear and meaningful[18:19.95]to someone who knows nothing about earthquakes[18:22.37]or geological principles?”[18:26.31]Since he was speaking in the Midwest,[18:28.68]he decided to begin[18:30.21]by noting that the most severe earthquake[18:32.62]in American history took place not in California[18:36.26]or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in 1811.[18:42.17]If such an earthquake happened today,[18:45.15]it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains[18:47.38]to the Atlantic Ocean[18:48.77]and would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley. [18:53.01]That, he figured, should get his classmates' attention. [18:58.01]Throughout the body of the speech,[19:00.36]Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of earthquakes, [19:04.01]and carefully avoided technical terms.[19:07.42]He also prepared visual aids, diagramming fault line, [19:11.84]so his classmates wouldn't get confused.[19:15.74]To be absolutely safe, Juan asked his roommate,[19:20.36]who was not a geology major, to listen to the speech. [19:24.89]“Stop me,” he said,[19:26.32]“any time I say something you don't understand.”[19:30.79]Juan's roommate stopped him four times.[19:33.68]And at each spot,[19:35.18]Juan worked out a way to make his point more clearly. [19:39.40]Finally, he had a speech that was interesting[19:42.64]and perfectly understandable to his audience.[19:47.85]Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage[19:51.74]you have just heard.[19:54.54]30. What did Juan Louis learn from the analysis[19:59.53]of his audience?[20:14.71]31. How did Juan Louis start his speech?[20:33.19]32. What did Juan ask his roommate to do[20:37.16]when he was making his trial speech?[20:53.74]Passage Three[20:56.22]Esperanto is an artificial language,[20:58.87]designed to serve internationally[21:01.28]as an auxiliary means of communication[21:04.33]among speakers of different languages.[21:07.40]It was created by Ludwig Lazar Zamenhof,[21:10.92]a polish Jewish doctor specialized in eye diseases.[21:15.46]Esperanto was first presented in 1887.[21:19.05]An international movement was launched to promote its use. [21:23.83]Despite arguments and disagreements,[21:26.42]the movement has continued to flourish[21:29.01]and has members in more than 80 countries.[21:32.23]Esperanto is used internationally[21:34.75]across language boundaries by at least 1 million people, [21:39.07]particularly in specialized fields.[21:42.20]It is used in personal contexts,[21:44.57]on radio broadcasts and in a number of publications, [21:49.00]as well as in translations of both modern works and classics. [21:53.28]Its popularity has spread from Europe,[21:55.71]both east and west,[21:57.52]to such countries as Brazil and Japan.[22:01.08]It is, however, in China[22:03.07]that Esperanto has had its greatest impact.[22:06.83]It is taught in universities and used in many translations, [22:11.38]often in scientific or technological works.[22:15.21]EL POPOLA CHINIO,[22:17.03]which means from people's China,[22:19.55]is a monthly magazine in Esperanto and is read worldwide. [22:24.99]Radio Beijing's Esperanto program is the[22:28.23]most popular program in Esperanto in the world.[22:31.95]Esperanto's vocabulary is drawn primarily from Latin, [22:35.90]the Roman's languages,[22:37.65]English and German.[22:39.80]Spelling is completely regular.[22:42.66]A simple and consistent set of endings indicates[22:46.08]grammatical functions of words.[22:48.31]Thus for example,[22:50.12]every noun ends in “o,”[22:52.65]every adjective in “a,”[22:54.86]and the basic form of every verb in “i.”[22:58.95]Esperanto also has a highly productive system of[23:02.63]constructing new words from old ones.[23:06.37]Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage[23:10.31]you have just heard.[23:12.78]33. What does the speaker tell us about Esperanto?[23:31.86]34. What is said about the international movement[23:36.43]to promote the use of Esperanto?[23:52.58]35. What does the speaker say about Esperanto in China? [24:14.84]Section C[24:16.24]Directions: In this section,[24:19.30]you will hear a passage three times.[24:21.68]When the passage is read for the first time,[24:24.42]you should listen carefully for its general idea.[24:27.85]When the passage is read for the second time,[24:30.84]you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43[24:35.84]with the exact words you have just heard.[24:38.54]For blanks numbered from 44 to 46[24:42.83]you are required to fill in the missing information.[24:46.55]For these blanks,[24:47.81]you can either use the exact words you have just heard[24:51.04]or write down the main points in your own words.[24:54.32]Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,[24:58.97]you should check what you have written.[25:01.87]Now listen to the passage.[25:05.47]George Herbert Mead said that[25:07.11]humans are talked into humanity.[25:10.02]He meant that we gain personal identity[25:12.78]as we communicate with others.[25:15.41]In the earliest years of our lives,[25:18.00]our parents tell us who we are.[25:20.63]“You're intelligent.” “You're so strong.”[25:23.91]We first see ourselves through the eyes of others,[25:27.70]so their messages form important foundations[25:30.32]of our self-concepts.[25:32.59]Later we interact with teachers,[25:35.38]friends, romantic partners,[25:37.91]and co-workers who communicate their views of us.[25:42.16]Thus, how we see ourselves reflects[25:45.17]the views of us that others communicate.[25:49.10]The profound connection between identity[25:51.88]and communication is dramatically evident in children[25:54.74]who are deprived of human contact.[25:58.30]Case studies of children[25:59.37]who were isolated from others reveal[26:01.54]that they lack a firm self-concept,[26:04.31]and their mental and psychological development[26:06.49]is severely hindered by lack of language.[26:10.53]Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity [26:14.96]but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. [26:20.27]Consistently, research shows that[26:23.11]communicating with others promotes health,[26:25.72]whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease[26:30.13]and early death.[26:32.27]People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety [26:35.90]and depression than people who are close to others.[26:38.99]A group of researchers reviewed scores of studies[26:42.30]that traced the relationship[26:43.67]between health and interaction with others.[26:47.04]The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically[26:51.34]as dangerous as high blood pressure,[26:53.53]smoking and obesity.[26:55.95]Many doctors and researchers believe that[26:59.00]loneliness harms the immune system,[27:01.81]making us more vulnerable to a range of minor[27:04.48]and major illnesses.[27:08.81]Now the passage will be read again.[27:12.83]George Herbert Mead said that[27:14.91]humans are talked into humanity.[27:18.17]He meant that we gain personal identity[27:20.69]as we communicate with others.[27:23.41]In the earliest years of our lives,[27:25.69]our parents tell us who we are.[27:28.17]“You're intelligent.” “You're so strong.”[27:31.95]We first see ourselves through the eyes of others,[27:36.08]so their messages form important foundations[27:38.78]of our self-concepts.[27:41.05]Later we interact with teachers,[27:43.34]friends, romantic partners,[27:45.48]and co-workers who communicate their views of us.[27:49.46]Thus, how we see ourselves reflects[27:51.95]the views of us that others communicate.[27:55.49]The profound connection between identity[27:57.69]and communication is dramatically evident in children[28:01.40]who are deprived of human contact.[28:04.38]Case studies of children[28:05.52]who were isolated from others reveal[28:07.93]that they lack a firm self-concept,[28:10.78]and their mental and psychological development[28:13.16]is severely hindered by lack of language.[28:16.34]Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity [28:20.92]but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. [28:26.29]Consistently, research shows that[28:29.49]communicating with others promotes health,[28:32.19]whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease[28:35.96]and early death.[28:37.78][30:09.76]People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety [30:13.42]and depression than people who are close to others.[30:17.37]A group of researchers reviewed scores of studies[30:20.45]that traced the relationship[30:22.05]between health and interaction with others.[30:25.85][31:48.92]The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically[31:53.20]as dangerous as high blood pressure,[31:55.27]smoking and obesity.[31:57.60]Many doctors and researchers believe that[32:00.11]loneliness harms the immune system,[32:02.61]making us more vulnerable to a range of minor[32:05.49]and major illnesses.[32:08.16][33:16.39]Now the passage will be read for the third time.[33:20.54]George Herbert Mead said that[33:22.17]humans are talked into humanity.[33:25.22]He meant that we gain personal identity[33:27.83]as we communicate with others.[33:30.50]In the earliest years of our lives,[33:33.07]our parents tell us who we are.[33:35.71]“You're intelligent.” “You're so strong.”[33:39.10]We first see ourselves through the eyes of others,[33:42.83]so their messages form important foundations[33:45.30]of our self-concepts.[33:47.77]Later we interact with teachers,[33:50.57]friends, romantic partners,[33:52.87]and co-workers who communicate their views of us.[33:57.25]Thus, how we see ourselves reflects[34:00.20]the views of us that others communicate.[34:03.64]The profound connection between identity[34:06.87]and communication is dramatically evident in children[34:09.73]who are deprived of human contact.[34:12.54]Case studies of children[34:14.34]who were isolated from others reveal[34:16.39]that they lack a firm self-concept,[34:19.06]and their mental and psychological development[34:21.59]is severely hindered by lack of language.[34:25.33]Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity [34:30.03]but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. [34:35.38]Consistently, research shows that[34:38.23]communicating with others promotes health,[34:40.92]whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease[34:45.46]and early death.[34:47.46]People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety [34:50.97]and depression than people who are close to others.[34:54.30]A group of researchers reviewed scores of studies[34:57.40]that traced the relationship[34:58.78]between health and interaction with others.[35:02.24]The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically[35:06.39]as dangerous as high blood pressure,[35:08.68]smoking and obesity.[35:11.35]Many doctors and researchers believe that[35:14.11]loneliness harms the immune system,[35:16.93]making us more vulnerable to a range of minor[35:19.52]and major illnesses.[35:23.93]This is the end of listening comprehension.。
2010年 6月英语六级真题及答案
2010年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in thepassage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants. Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before theelection. Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2010年6月英语六级听力原文完整版
2010年6月英语六级听力原文完整版更新日期：2010-06-19 19:27 浏览: 4449次所属分类/专题：六级真题Section AShort Conversation11. M: Oh, I’m so sorry I forgot to bring along the book you borrowed from the library.W: What a terrible memory you have! Anyway, I won’t need it until Friday night. As long as I can get it by then, OK?Q: What do we learn from this conversation?12. W: Doctor, I haven’t been able to get enough sleep lately, and I’m too tired to concentrate in class.M: Well, you know, spending too much time indoors with all that artificial lighting can do that to you. Your body loses track of whether it’s day or night. Q: What does the man imply?13. M: I think I’ll get one of those new T-shirts, you know, with the school’s logo on both the front and back.W: You’ll regret it. They are expensive, and I’ve heard the printing fades easily when you wash them.Q: What does the woman mean?14. W: I think your article in the school newspaper is right on target, and your viewpoints have certainly convinced me.M: Thanks, but in view of the general responses, you and I are definitely in the minority.Q: What does the man mean?15. M: Daisy was furious yesterday because I lost her notebook. Should I go see her and apologize to again?W: Well, if I were you, I’d let her cool off a few days before I approach her. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?16. M: Would you please tell me where I can get batteries for this brand of camera?W: Let me have a look. Oh, yes, go down this aisle, pass the garden tools, you’ll find them on the shelf next to the light bulbs.Q: What is the man looking for?17. M: Our basketball team is playing in the finals but I don’t have a ticket. I guess I’ll just watch it on TV. Do y ou want to come over?W: Actually I have a ticket. But I’m not feeling well. You can have it for what itcost me.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. M: Honey, I’ll be going straight to the theatre from work this evening. Could you bring my suit and tie along?W: Sure, it’s the first performance of the State Symphony Orchestra in our city, so suit and tie is a must.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Long ConversationsConversation 1M: I got two letters this morning with job offers, one from the Polytechnic, and the other from the Language School in Pistoia, Italy.W: So you are not sure which to go for?M: That’s it. Of course, the conditions of work are very different: The Polytechnic is offering two-year contract which could be renewed, but the language school is only offering a year’s contract, and that’s a different minus. It could be renewed, but you never know.W: I see. So it’s much less secure. But you don’t need to think too much about steady jobs when you are only 23.M: That’s true.W: What about the salaries?M: Well, the Pistoia job pays much better in the short term. I’ll be getting the equivalent of about ￡22,000 a year there, but only ￡20,000 at the Polytechnic. But then the hours are different. At the Polytechnic I’d have to do 35 hours a week, 20 teaching and 15 administration, whereas the Pistoia school is only asking for 30 hours teaching.W: Mmm…M: Then the type of teaching is so different. The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for exams like the Cambridge certificates. The Language School wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, but also quite a lot of work in companies and factories, and a couple of children’s classes. Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.W: Well, that sounds much more varied and inte resting. And I’d imagine you would be doing quire a lot of teaching outside the school, and moving around quite a bit.M: Yes, whereas with the Polytechnic position, I’d be stuck in the school all day. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard:Q19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q20. What do we learn about the students at the Polytechnic?Q21. What does the woman think of the job at the Language school? Conversation 2Good evening and welcome to tonight's edition of Legendary Lives. Our subject this evening is James Dean, actor and hero for the young people of his time. Edward Murray is the author of a new biography of Dean.W: Good evening, Edward.M: Hello Tina.W: Edward, tell us what you know about Dean's early life.M: He was born in Indiana in 1931, but his parents moved to California when he was five. He wasn't there long though because his mother passed away just four years later. Jimmy's father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt.W: So how did he get into acting?M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school, then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting. In 1951 he moved to New York to do more stage acting.W: Then when did his movie career really start?M: 1955. His first starring role was in East of Eden. It was fabulous. Dean became a huge success. But the movie that really made him famous was his second one, Rebel Without a Cause, that was about teenagers who felt like they didn't fit into society.W: So how many more movies did he make?M: Just one more, then he died in that car crash in California in 1955.W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies! So what made him the legend he still is today?M: Well I guess his looks, his acting ability, his short life, and maybe the type of character he played in his movies. Many young people saw him as a symbol of American youths.Q22 What is the woman doing?Q23 Why did James Dean move back to Indiana when he was young?Q24 What does the man say James Dean did at college in California?Section BPassage 1The time is 9 o’clock and this is Marian Snow with the news.The German authorities are sending investigators to discover the cause of theplane crash late yesterday on the island of Tenerife. The plane, a Boeing 737, taking German holiday makers to the island crashed into a hillside as it circled while preparing to land. The plane was carrying 180 passengers. It’s thought there are no survivors. Rescue workers were at the scene.The British industrialist James Louis, held by kidnapper in central Africa for the past 8 months, was released unharmed yesterday. The kidnappers had been demanding 1 million pounds for the release of Mr. Louis. The London Bank and their agents who had been negotiating with the kidnappers have not said whether any amount of money has been paid.The 500 UK motors workers who had been on strike in High Town for the past 3 three weeks went back to work this morning. This follows successful talks between management and union representatives, which resulted in a new agreement on working hour and conditions. A spokesman for the management said they’d hope they could now get back to producing cars, and that they lost lots of money and orders over this dispute.And finally the weather. After a code start, most of the country should be warm and sunny. But towards late afternoon, rain will spread from Scotland to cover most parts by midnight.Questions 26 – 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 What does the news say about the Boeing 737 plane?27 What happened to British industrialist James Louis?28 How did the 3-week strike in High Town end?29 What kind of weather will be expected by midnight in most parts of the country?Passage 2Juan Louis, a junior geology major, decided to give an informative speech about how earthquakes occur. From his audience and analysis he learned that only 2 or 3 of his classmates knew much of anything about geology. Juan realized then that he must present his speech at an elementary level and with a minimum of scientific language. As he prepared the speech, Juan kept asking himself, “How can I make this clear and meaningful to someone who knows nothing about earthquakes or geological principles?” Since he was speaking in the Midwest, he decided to begin by noting that the most severe earthquake in American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in 1811. If such an earthquake happened today, it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean and would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley. That, he figured, should get his classmates’ attention. Throughout the body ofthe speech, Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of the earthquakes, carefully avoid technical terms. He also prepared visual aids, diagramming photo line, so his classmates wouldn’t get confused. To be absolutely safe, Juan asked his roommate, who was not a geology major, to listen to the speech. “Stop me,” he said, “any time I say something you don’t understand.” Juan’s roommate stopped him four times. And at each spot, Juan worked out a way to make his point more clearly. Finally, he had a speech that was interesting and perfectly understandable to his audience.Questions 30 – 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q30 What did Juan Louis learn from the analysis of his audience?Q31 How did Juan Louis start his speech?Q32 What did Juan ask his roommate to do when he was making his trial speech?Passage 3Esperanto is an artificial language, designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means of communication among speakers of different languages. It was created by Ludwig Lazar Zamenhof, a polish Jewish doctor specialized in eye diseases. Esperanto was first presented in 1887. An international movement was launched to promote its use. Despite arguments and disagreements, the movement has continued to flourish and has members in more than 80 countries. Esperanto is used internationally across language boundaries by at least 1 million people, particularly in specialized fields. It is used in personal contexts, on radio broadcasts and in a number of Its popularity has spread form Europe, both east and west, to such countries as Brazil and Japan. It is, however, in China that Esperanto has had its greatest impact. It is taught in universities and used in many translations, often in scientific or technological works. EL POPOLA CHINIO, which means from people’s China, it’s a monthly magazine in Esperanto and it’s read worldwide. Radio Beijing’s Esperanto program is the most popular program in Esperanto in the world. Esperanto vocabulary is drawn primarily from Latin, the Roman’s languages, English and German. Spelling is completely regular. A simple and consistent set of endings indicates grammatical functions of words. Thus for example, every noun ends in “o”, every adjective in “a”, and basic form of every verb in “i”. Esperanto also has a highly productive system of constructing new words from old ones.Questions 33 – 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q33 What does the speaker tell us about Esperanto?Q34 What is said about the international movement to promote the use of Esperanto?Q35 What does the speaker say about Esperanto in China?Section CGeorge Herbert Mead said that humans are "talked into" humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are:"You're intelligent." "You're so strong."We first see ourselves through the eyes of others. So their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts. Later, we interact with teachers, friends, romantic partners and coworkers who communicate their views of us. Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate. The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evident in children who are deprived of human contact. Case studies of children who are isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language. Communications with others not only affects our sense of identity, but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death.People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others.The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses.。
2010年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2010年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. TranslationPart I Writing (30 minutes)1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Parents Send Their Kids to Art Classes? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1．近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象2．出现这种现象的原因和后果3．我认为……正确答案：Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese Along with the step of globalization, most students’ attention has shifted from Chinese to foreign cultures, and has changed to learn foreign languages. Such a shift brought on great worries among people because it is not good for the development of Chinese culture. There may be several reasons accounting for this phenomenon. First and foremost, the globalization greatly stimulates the spread of foreign cultures, which in turn stirs great interest among Chinese students; second, college students are, to some extent, forced to study certain foreign languages so as to pass exams or find good jobs so that they could not spare any time to study Chinese; last but not least, schools have no strict demand on students’ Chinese standard. No doubt, neglecting the study of Chinese will ultimately hold back the development of Chinese culture, and Chinese people may lose their cultural identity in such a competitive world. In order to change this situation and save our identity, due attention should be given to the study of Chinese. To begin with, government should put great efforts on the development of Chinese culture to make more people proud of it; besides, colleges and universities should make exams more balanced, not simply emphasizing the importance of foreign languages; finally, schools should also attach great importance to the study of Chinese, making it a compulsory curriculum. Through these efforts, I think, chances of changing this phenomenon are prosperous.解析：本次写作试题需要考生就学生忽视中文学习的问题进行讨论。
2010年6月大学英语六级听力原文答案解析
Short Conversation11. M: Oh, I’m so sorry I forgot to bring along the book you borrowed from the library.W: What a terrible memory you have! Anyway, I won’t need it until Friday night. As long as I can get it by then, OK?Q: What do we learn from this conversation?12. W: Doctor, I haven’t been able to get enough sleep lately, and I’m too tired to concentrate in class.M: Well, you know, spending too much time indoors with all that artificial lighting can do that to you. Your body loses track of whe ther it’s day or night.Q: What does the man imply?13. M: I think I’ll get one of those new T-shirts, you know, with the school’s logo on both the front and the back.W: You’ll regret it. They are expensive, and I’ve heard the printing fades easily when you wash them.Q: What does the woman mean?14. W: I think your article in the school newspaper is right on target, and your viewpoints have certainly convinced me.M: Thanks, but in view of the general responses, you and I are definitely in the minority.Q: What does the man mean?15. M: Daisy was furious yesterday because I lost her notebook. Should I go see her and apologize to her again?W: Well, if I were you, I’d let her cool off a few days before I approach her.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?16. M: Would you please tell me where I can get batteries for this brand of camera?W: Let me have a look. Oh, yes, go down this aisle, pass the garden tools, you’ll find them on the shelf next to the light bulbs.Q: What is the man looking for?17. M: Our basketball team is playing in the finals but I don’t have a ticket. I guess I’ll just watch it on TV. Do you want to come over?W: Actually I have a ticket. But I’m not feeling well. You can have it for what it cost me.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18. M: Honey, I’ll be going straight to the theatre from work this evening. Could you bring my suit and tie along?W: Sure, it’s the first performance of the State Symphony Orchestra in our city, so suit and tie is a must.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Long ConversationsConversation 1M: I got two letters this morning with job offers, one from the Polytechnic, and the other from the Language School in Pistoia, Italy.W: So you are not sure which to go for?M: That’s it. Of course, the conditions of work are very different: The Polytechnic is offering two-year contract which could be renewed, but the Language School is only offering a year’s contract, and that’s a definite minus. It could be renewed, but you never know.W: I see. So it’s much less secure. But you don’t need to think too much about steady jobs when you are only 23.M: That’s true.W: What about the salaries?M: Well, the Pistoia job pays much better in the short term. I’ll be getting the equivalent of about 22,000 pounds a year there, but only 20,000 pounds at the Polytechnic. But then the hours are different. At the Polytechnic I’d have to do 35 hours a week, 20 teaching and 15 administration, whereas the Pistoia school is only asking for 30 hours teaching.W: Mmm…M: Then the type of teaching is so different. The Polytechnic is all adults and mostly preparation for exams like the Cambridge certificates. The Language School wants me to do a bit of exam preparation, but also quite a lot of w ork in companies and factories, and a couple of children’s classes. Oh, and a bit of literature teaching.W: Well, that sounds much more varied and interesting. And I’d imagine you’d be doing quite a lot of teaching outside the school, and moving around quite a bit.M: Yes, whereas with the Polytechnic position, I’d be stuck in the school all day.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard:Q19. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?Q20. What do we learn about the students at the Polytechnic?Q21. What does the woman think of the job at the Language school?Conversation 2Good evening and welcome to tonight's edition of Legendary Lives. Our subject this evening is James Dean, actor and hero for the young people of his time. Edward Murray is the author of a new biography of Dean.W: Good evening, Edward.M: Hello Tina.W: Edward, tell us what you know about Dean's early life.M: He was born in Indiana in 1931, but his parents moved to Californiawhen he was five. He wasn't there long though because his mother passed away just four years later. Jimmy's father sent him back to Indiana after that to live with his aunt.W: So how did he get into acting?M: Well, first he acted in plays at high school, then he went to college in California where he got seriously into acting. In 1951 he moved to New York to do more stage acting.W: Then when did his movie career really start?M: 1955. His first starring role was in East of Eden. It was fabulous. Dean became a huge success. But the movie that really made him famous was his second one, Rebel Without a Cause, that was about teenagers who felt like they didn't fit into society.W: So how many more movies did he make?M: Just one more, then he died in that car crash in California in 1955.W: What a tragedy! He only made three movies! So what made him thelegend he still is today?M: Well I guess his looks, his acting ability, his short life, and maybe the type of character he played in his movies. Many young people saw him as a symbol of American youths.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard:Q22 What is the woman doing?Q23 Why did James Dean move back to Indiana when he was young?Q24 What does the man say James Dean did at college in California?Q25 What do we learn about James Dean from the conversation?Passage 1The time is 9 o’clock and this is Marian Snow with the news.The German authorities are sending investigators to discover the cause of the plane crash late yesterday on the island of Tenerife. The plane, aBoeing 737, taking German holiday makers to the island crashed into a hillside as it circled while preparing to land. The plane was carrying 180 passengers. It’s thought there are no survivors. Rescue workers are at the scene.The British industrialist James Louis, held by kidnapper in central Africa for the past 8 months, was released unharmed yesterday. The kidnappers had been demanding 1 million pounds for the release of Mr. Louis. The London Bank and their agents who had been negotiating with the kidnappers have not said whether any amount of money has been paid.The 500 UK motors workers who had been on strike in High Town for the past 3 three weeks went back to work this morning. This follows successful talks between management and union representatives, which resulted in a new agreement on working hour and conditions. A spokesman for the management said that they’d hope they could now get back to producing cars, and that they lost a lot of money and orders over this dispute.And finally the weather. After a cold start, most of the country should be warm and sunny. But towards late afternoon, rain will spread from Scotland to cover most parts by midnight.Questions 26 – 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26 What does the news say about the Boeing 737 plane?27 What happened to British industrialist James Louis?28 How did the 3-week strike in High Town end?29 What kind of weather will be expected by midnight in most parts of the country?Passage 2Juan Louis, a junior geology major, decided to give an informative speech about how earthquakes occur. From his audience analysis he learned that only 2 or 3 of his classmates knew much of anything about geology. Juan realized then that he must present his speech at an elementary level and with a minimum of scientific language.As he prepared the speech, Juan kept asking himself, “How can I make this clear and meaningful to someone who knows nothing aboutearthquakes or geological principles?” Since he was speaking in the Midwest, he decided to begin by noting that the most severe earthquake in American history took place not in California or Alaska but at New Madrid, Missouri in 1811. If such an earthquake happened today, it would be felt from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean and would flatten most of the cities in the Mississippi valley. That, he figured, should get his classmates’ attention.Throughout the body of the speech, Juan dealt only with the basic mechanics of earthquakes and carefully avoided technical terms. He also prepared visual aids, diagramming fold lines, so his classmates wouldn’t get confused. To be absolutely safe, Juan asked his roommate, who was not a geology major, to listen to the speech. “Stop me,” he said, “any time I say something you don’t understand.” Juan’s roommate stopped him four times. And at each spot, Juan worked out a way to make his point more clearly. Finally, he had a speech that was interesting and perfectly understandable to his audience.Questions 30 – 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q30 What did Juan Louis learn from the analysis of his audience?Q31 How did Juan Louis start his speech?Q32 What did Juan ask his roommate to do when he was making his trial speech?Passage 3Esperanto is an artificial language, designed to serve internationally as an auxiliary means of communication among speakers of different languages. It was created by Ludwig Lazar Zamenhof, a Polish Jewish doctor specialized in eye diseases. Esperanto was first presented in 1887. An international movement was launched to promote its use. Despite arguments and disagreements, the movement has continued to flourish and has members in more than 80 countries.Esperanto is used internationally across language boundaries by at least 1 million people, particularly in specialized fields. It is used in personal contexts, on radio broadcasts and in a number of publications as well as in translations of both modern works and classics. Its popularity has spread form Europe, both east and west, to such countries as Brazil and Japan. It is, however, in China that Esperanto has had its greatest impact. It is taught in universities and used in many translations, often inscientific or technological works. EL POPOLA CHINIO, which means "From People’s China", is a monthly magazine in Esperanto and is read worldwide. Radio Beijing’s Esperanto program is the most popular program in Esperanto in the world.Esperanto’s vocabulary is drawn primarily from Latin, the Romance languages, English and German. Spelling is completely regular. A simple and consistent set of endings indicates grammatical functions of words. Thus for example, every noun ends in “o”, every adjective in “a”, and the basic form of every verb in “i”. Esperanto also has a highly productive system of constructing new words from old ones.Questions 33 – 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q33 What does the speaker tell us about Esperanto?Q34 What is said about the international movement to promote the use of Esperanto?Q35 What does the speaker say about Esperanto in China?Section CGeorge Herbert Mead said that humans are "talked into" humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are. "You're intelligent." "You're so strong." We first see ourselves through the eyes of others. So their messages form important foundations of our self-concepts. Later, we interact with teachers, friends, romantic partners and co-workers who communicate their views of us. Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.The profound connection between identity and communication is dramatically evident in children who are deprived of human contact. Case studies of children who are isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language.Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity, but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression thanpeople who are close to others. A group of researchers reveal scores of studies that trace the relationship between health and interaction with others. The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses.Part Ⅲ Listening ComprehensionSection A11、B[听力原文]M：Oh，I'm so sorry.I forgot to bring along the book you borrowed from the library.W：What a terrible memory you have! Anyway，I won't need it until Friday night. As long as I can get it by then，OK?Q：What do we learn from this conversation?[解析] 男士抱歉地说忘记将女士从图书馆借的书带来，女士说他的记性真差，说明之前男士答应把书带来还她，B正确。
2010年6月英语六级真题和答案
Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 51 to 56 are based on the following passage.Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up the dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn't surprised when this didn't make the news here in the United States—we're now the only wealthy country without such a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks' unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as "government-run personnel management" and a "dangerous precedent". In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.As Y ale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. In her book No Exit: What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is "no exit" when it comes to children. "Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional and moral capabilities. And society expects—and needs—parents to persist in their roles for 18 years, or longer if needed."While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children' welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue (不断积累) to the whole of society as today's children become tomorrow's productive citizenry (公民). In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money (including lost wages), is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefits—as they clearly do—the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
2010年6月大学英语六级真题及答案解析
Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who I want. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the"Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age and education, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants.Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" –an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman. Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easy way to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant.Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest.Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election.Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
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2010年6月英语六级真题一、将自己的校名、姓名、准考证号写在答题卡1和答题卡2上，将本试卷代号划在答题卡2上。
二、试题册、答题卡1和答题卡2均不得带出考场，考试结束，监考员收卷后考生才可离开。
三、仔细读懂题目的说明。
四、在30分钟内做完答题卡1上的作文题。
30分钟后，考生按指令启封试题册，在接着的15分钟内完成快速阅读理解部分的试题，然后监考员收取答题卡1，考生在答题卡2上完成其余部分的试题。
全部答题时间为125分钟，不得拖延时间。
五、考生必须在答题卡上作答，凡是写在试题册上的答案一律无效。
六、多项选择题每题只能选一个答案；如多选，则该题无分。
选定答案后，用HB-2B浓度的铅笔在相应字母的中部划一横线。
正确方法是：[A][B][C][D]，使用其它符号答题者不给分。
划线要有一定粗度，浓度要盖过字母底色。
七、在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。
若被他人抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。
全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3.我认为…Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese__________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ________Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in thepassage.Obama's success isn't all good news for black AmericansAs Erin White watched the election results head towards victory for Barack Obama, she felt a burden lifting from her shoulders. "In that one second, it was a validation for my whole race," she recalls."I've always been an achiever," says White, who is studying for an MBA at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee. "But there had always been these things in the back of my mind questioning whether I really can be who Iwant. It was like a shadow, following me around saying you can only go so far. Now it's like a barrier has been let down."White's experience is what many psychologists had expected - that Obama would prove to be a powerful role model for African Americans. Some hoped his rise to prominence would have a big impact on white Americans, too, challenging those who still harbour racist sentiments. "The traits that characterise him are very contradictory to the racial stereotypes that black people are aggressive and uneducated," says Ashby Plant of Florida State University. "He's very intelligent and eloquent."Sting in the tailAshby Plant is one of a number of psychologists who seized on Obama's candidacy to test hypotheses about the power of role models. Their work is already starting to reveal how the "Obama effect" is changing people's views and behaviour. Perhaps surprisingly, it is not all good news: there is a sting in the tail of the Obama effect.But first the good news. Barack Obama really is a positive role model for African Americans, and he was making an impact even before he got to the White House. Indeed, the Obama effect can be surprisingly immediate and powerful, as Ray Friedman of Vanderbilt University and his colleagues discovered.They tested four separate groups at four key stages of Obama's presidential campaign. Each group consisted of around 120 adults of similar age andeducation, and the test assessed their language skills. At two of these stages, when Obama's success was less than certain, the tests showed a clear difference between the scores of the white and black participants—an average of 12.1 out of 20, compared to 8.8, for example. When the Obama fever was at its height, however, the black participants performed much better. Those who had watched Obama's acceptance speech as the Democrats' presidential candidate performed just as well, on average, as the white subjects.After his election victory, this was true of all the black participants.Dramatic shiftWhat can explain this dramatic shift? At the start of the test, the participants had to declare their race and were told their results would be used to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This should have primed the subjects with "stereotype threat" – an anxiety that their results will confirm negative stereotypes, which has been shown to damage the performance of African Americans.Obama's successes seemed to act as a shield against this. "We suspect they felt inspired and energised by his victory, so the stereotype threat wouldn't prove a distraction," says Friedman.Lingering racismIf the Obama effect is positive for African Americans, how is it affecting their white compatriots (同胞)? Is the experience of having a charismatic (有魅力的) black president modifying lingering racist attitudes? There is no easyway to measure racism directly; instead psychologists assess what is known as "implicit bias", using a computer-based test that measures how quickly people associate positive and negative words—such as "love" or "evil"—with photos of black or white faces. A similar test can also measure how quickly subjects associate stereotypical traits—such as athletic skills or mental ability—with a particular group.In a study that will appear in the Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Plant's team tested 229 students during the height of the Obama fever. They found that implicit bias has fallen by as much as 90% compared with the level found in a similar study in 2006. "That's an unusually large drop," Plant says.While the team can't be sure their results are due solely to Obama, they also showed that those with the lowest bias were likely to subconsciously associate black skin colour with political words such as "government" or "president". This suggests that Obama was strongly on their mind, says Plant. Drop in biasBrian Nosek of the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, who runs a website that measures implicit bias using similar test, has also observed a small drop in bias in the 700,000 visitors to the site since January 2007, which might be explained by Obama's rise to popularity. However, his preliminary results suggest that change will be much slower coming than Plant's results suggest. Talking honestly"People now have the opportunity of expressing support for Obama every day," says Daniel Effron at Stanford University in California. "Our research arouses the concern that people may now be more likely to raise negative views of African Americans." On the other hand, he says, it may just encourage people to talk more honestly about their feelings regarding race issues, which may not be such a bad thing.Another part of the study suggests far more is at stake than the mere expression of views. The Obama effect may have a negative side. Just one week after Obama was elected president, participants were less ready to support policies designed to address racial inequality than they had been two weeks before the election. Huge obstaclesIt could, of course, also be that Obama's success helps people to forget that a disproportionate number of black Americans still live in poverty and face huge obstacles when trying to overcome these circumstances. "Barack Obama's family is such a salient (出色的) image, we generalise it and fail to see the larger picture—that there's injustice in every aspect of American life," says Cheryl Kaiser of the University of Washington in Seattle. Those trying to address issues of racial inequality need to constantly remind people of the inequalities that still exist to counteract the Obama's effect, she says.Though Plant's findings were more positive, she too warns against thinking that racism and racial inequalities are no longer a problem. "The last thing I want is for people to think everything's solved."These findings do not only apply to Obama, or even just to race. They should hold for any role model in any country. "There's no reason we wouldn't have seen the same effect on our views of women if Hillary Clinton or Sarah Palin had been elected," says Effron. So the election of a female leader might have a downside for other women.Beyond raceWe also don't yet know how long the Obama effect—both its good side and its bad—will last.Political sentiment is notoriously changeable: What if things begin to go wrong for Obama, and his popularity slumps?And what if Americans become so familiar with having Obama as their president that they stop considering his race altogether? "Over time he might become his own entity," says Plant. This might seem like the ultimate defeat for racism, but ignoring the race of certain select individuals—a phenomenon that psychologists call subtyping—also has an insidious (隐伏的) side. "We think it happens to help people preserve their beliefs, so they can still hold on to the previous stereotypes." That could turn out to be the cruellest of all the twists to the Obama effect.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。