黑龙江省双鸭山市高考英语一轮复习阅读理解统编题(一)

黑龙江双鸭山市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮统编题（一）阅读理解。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8,1942(300 years after the death of Galileo)in Oxford，England.His parents' house was in North London，but during the Second World War Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies.When he was eight，his family moved to St Albans，a town about 20 miles north of London.At eleven Stephen went to StAll.School，and then on to University College，Oxford，his father's oldcollege.Stephen wanted to do mathematics，although his father would have preferred medicine.Mathematics was not available at University College，so he did physics instead.Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in cosmology(宇宙论)．After gaining his PHD，he became first a research fellow，and later on a professional fellow at Gonville & Caius College.After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973 Stephen came to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics，and since 1979 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics.The chair was founded in 1663 with money left in the will of the Reverend Henryucas，who had been the Member of Parliament for the University.It was first held by Isaac Barrow，and then in 1669 by Isaac Newton.His many publications include The Large Scale Structure of Spacetime with G．F.R.Ellis，General Relativity：An Einstein Centenary Survey with W．Israel，and 300 Years of Gravity with W．Israel.Stephen Hawking had two popular books published：his best seller A Brief History of Time，and his later book，Black Holes and Baby Universes and other essays.“My goal is simple.It is a complete understanding of the universe，why it is as it is and why it exists at all，”Hawking said.1．Hawking's father would like Hawking to learn________.A．mathematics B．physicsC．medicine D．cosmology答案：C 根据第一段倒数第二句“Step hen wanted to do mathematics，although his father would have preferred medicine.”可知，父亲想让霍金学习医学。

2．Which one of the following is NOT right about the description of Hawking?A. Hawking was born on the 300th anniversary of Galileo's death.B．Hawking went to school at the age of eleven.C．Hawking liked physics best when he was young.D．Hawking，together with W．Israel wrote two of his works.答案：C 根据第一段的内容可知，斯蒂芬·霍金最早较喜欢数学，但学习了物理专业，是因为那所大学没有数学专业。

3．All the people has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics except________.A．Henry Lucas B．Stephen HawkingC．Isaac Barrow D．Isaac Newton答案：A 文章第二段中介绍了艾萨克·贝若，艾斯克·牛顿和斯蒂芬·霍金都担任这个职务，故A项符合题意。

4．What Hawking said in the last passage means that________.A. he would like to lead a simple lifeB．he would devote his life to the research of the universeC．he has understood the great law of the universeD．it is easy for him to understand the universe答案：B 联系上下文和最后一段霍金所说的“M y goal is simple.It is a complete understanding of the universe...”反映了他献身宇宙科学研究的决心。

5．The BEST title for this passage is most likely to be“__________”．A．Hawking's happy family B．Hawking and his colleaguesC．Hawking's great works D．Hawking—a great scientist答案：D 本文主要介绍了斯蒂芬·霍金的生平，他对宇宙科学理论的研究成果以及他献身宇宙科学研究的决心，故D项符合题意。

黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习——科普环保类Humans have been keeping animals as pets for tens of thousands of years, but Dr Jean-Loup Rault, an animal scientist at the University of Melbourne in Australia, believes new companions are coming: robot pets.“Technology is moving very fast,” Rault told ABC News, “The Tamagotchi in the early 1990s was really the first robotic pet, and now Sony and other big companies have improved them a lot.”This may not sit well with pet lovers. After all, who would choose a plastic toy over a lovely puppy? But Rault argues that the robotic kind has a lot going for it: “You don’t have to feed it, you don’t have to walk it, it won’t make a mess in your house, and you can go on a holid ay without feeling guilty.” The technology also benefits those who are allergic to pets, short on space, or fearful of real animals.It’s not clear whether robot pets can replace real ones. But studies do suggest that we can bond with these smart machines. People give their cars names and kids give their toyanimals life stories. It’s the same with robots. When Sony stopped its repair service for its robot dog Aibo in March 2014, owners in Japan held funerals.As an animal welfare researcher, Rault is concerned about how robotic pets could affect our attitudes towards live animals. “If we become used to a robotic companion that doesn’t need food, water or exercises, perhaps it will change how humans care about other living beings,” he said.So are dogs and cats a thing of the past, as Rault predicts? For those who grew up with living and breathing pets, the mechanical kind might not do. But for our next generation who are in constant touch with smart technology, a future in which lovely pets needn’t have a heartbeat might not be a far-fetched dream.【小题1】What does the underlined phrase “sit well with” means?A．be refused by B．be beneficial toC．make a difference to D．receive support from【小题2】What are the advantages of robot pets?a. They are plastic and feel smooth.b. Owners needn’t worry about them when going out.c. They can help cure allergies（过敏）.d. They save space and costs.A．ab B．bc C．bd D．cd【小题3】We can learn from the passage that___________.A．Sony is the first company to produce robot pets Aibo.B．People can develop strong bond（联系、关系） with their robot pets.C．Rault thinks robot pets still have a long way to go.D．Robot toys may help people care more about living beings.【小题4】The passage mainly tells us___________.A．the advantages of robot toysB．the popularity of robot petsC．living pets are dying outD．robot pets are coming【浙江省金华十校2014高考英语模拟试题】CMost parents of kids under age 8 don't worry about how much time they spend watching TV or using other media, from computers to smart phones to tablets PCs, according to a new survey that found a child's use of media often reflects how much time parents spend in the similar way．¨We gener ally found that media use is not a source of conflict in the home" forfamilies with young children, Ellen Wartella, a researcher from Northwestem University, told USA Today． She led a survey of 2,326 parents who have children 8 and younger．It found that in 80 percent of families, children's media use was not a problem, with 55 percent “not too" o r“ not at all" concerned about it． It also showed parents have more positive than negative feelings about how media consumption affects a child's learning and the development of creativity．The exception is video games, which are viewed more negatively than TV, computers or mobile devices．“Parents rated video games as more likely to have a negative effect on children's school performance, attention time, creativity, social skills, behavior and sleep than any other medium," the researchers said in a news conference about the survey．¨The fin dings exposes a generational shift （转移） in parental attitudes about technology's role in young children's lives," said Wartella．“Today's parents grew up with technology as a central pact of their lives, so they think about it differently than earlier generations of parents, instead of a battle with kids on one side and parents on the other, the use of media and technology has become a family affair． "The researchers identified three media environments created by parents: media-centric （39 percent of families） , media-moderate （45%）and media-light （16%）． Children in media-centric families spend at least three hours more each day watching TV or using computers, video games and tablet PCs don't make parenting easier．And 88 percent of parentssay they are most likely to turn to toys or activities to keep their children occupied．Slightly fewer turn to books （79%） and TV（78%）．The survey didn't look at how media affects children． That's a topic that the American Academy of Pediatrics has handled a number of times． The AAP says studies have found too much media use can lead to attention- problems, school difficulties, sleep and eating disorders and being fat． In addition, the Internet and cell phones can provide platformsfor illegal and risky behaviors．¨By limiting screen time and offering educational media and non-electronic formats （格式）such as books, newspapers and board games, and watching television with their children, parents can help guide their children's media experience． Putting questionable content into context and teaching kids a700ut advertising contributes to their media literacy （素养） ," it says．The pediatrician s' group says parents should have “screen-free zones" and TV should be turned off during dinner． At most, it recommends children and teens engage with entertainment media for no more than two hours a day and that should be high-quality content． It is important for kids to spend time on outdoor play, reading, hobbies and using their imaginations in free play．“ Kids under 2 should not use television and other entertainment media because their brains are developing quickly and they learn best from direct human interaction," the group says．An article on screen time by t．he Mayo Clinic also notes problems linked t．o over screen time, including being fat, irregular sleep , behavioral problems , weak school performance , violence and less time for active and creative play．50．Parents have more negative than positive feelings about media consumption like ．A．computers B．smart phonesC．video games D．tablets PCs51．Most parents don't worry about kid's media use because ．A．they can limit the screen time B．they want their children happyC．they also grew up with technology D．they can teach their children themselves 52．From the data of the survey, we learn ．A．children in media-centric families are smarter than othersB．children in media-light families spend one hour watching TVC．more than half of the parents think children's media use was a problemD．media-centric children spend more than three hours each day on media use53．To make parenting easier, most parents probably ．A．try to persuade their children to read booksB．ask their children questions while watching TVC．allow their children watching TV or using computersD．turn to toys or activities to keep their children occupied54．Which of the following is a suggestion by the researchers?A．Media use time for babies under 2 should be limited．B．Entertainment media use should be high-quality content．C．Schools should provide more time for active and creative play．D．Home media use should provide platforms for illegal and risky behaviors．【参考答案】50、C 51—54、CDDB黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习——科普环保类The extraordinary Eastgate Building in Harare, Zimbabwe’s capital city, is said to be the only one in the world to use the same cooling and heating principles as the termite mound(白蚁堆).Architect Mick Pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the Eastgate Building, which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating. The building—the country’s largest commercial and shopping complex—uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size. The Eastgate’s owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning equipment didn’t have to be imported.The complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady, glass-roofed atrium(天井) open to the air. Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium, blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents(通风口). As it rises and warms, it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys.During summer’s cool nights, big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors. By day, smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through thebuilding, to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors. For winter days, there are small heaters in the vents.This is all possible only because Harare is 1600 feet above sea level, has cloudless skies, little dampness and rapid temperature changes—days as warm as 31℃ commonly drop to 14℃at night. “You couldn’t do this in New York, with its hot summers and cold winters,” Pearce said.The engineering firm of Ove Arup & Partners monitors daily temperatures. It is foundthat the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23℃ and 25℃, with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November, when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night. And the air is fresh—far more so than in air-conditioned buildings, where up to 30% of the air is recycled. 【小题1】Why was Eastgate cheaper to be built than a conventional building?A．It was designed in a smaller size.B．No air conditioners were fixed in.C．Its heating system was less advanced.D．It used rather different building materials.【小题2】What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 3?A．Hollow space.B．Baseboard vent.C．Fresh air from outside.D．Heat in the building.【小题3】Why would a building like Eastgate Not work efficiently in New York?A．New York has less clear skies as Harare.B．Its dampness affects the circulation of air.C．New York covers a larger area than Harare.D．Its temperature changes seasonally rather than daily.【小题4】The data in the last paragraph suggests Eastgate’s temperature control s ystem_____.A．works better in hot seasonsB．can recycle up to 30% of the airC．functions well for most of the yearD．allows a wide range of temperatures黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习——科普环保类The way we cook is important. In many countries, the two sources of heat used for cooking are natural gas or electric stoves. The World Health Organization(WHO) warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. The WHO finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year.Indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook stoves in the home. WHO officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. And they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. Of that number, the WHO says about4.3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple biomass(生物燃料）and coal stoves.These findings show that the home use of poisonous fuels is to blame for many of these deaths. These fuels include wood, coal, animal waste and so on. Carlos Dora is Coordinatorin the WHO’ s Department of Public Health, Environmental and Social Determinants of Health. He says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene(煤油）fuel indoors. He says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation. It will only pollute the outdoors. “New technologies and clean fuels can rid people of t his problem.”The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of families in sub-Saharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. It says huge populations in India, China and Latin American countries, such as Guatemala and Peru, are also at risk.Nigel Bruce is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good stoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.“There are already many technologies for clean fuels available now. An e ffective andreasonably low-cost ethanol(酒精）stove that is made by Dometic (a Sweden-based company)is now being tested out. Another interesting development is electric induction stoves.” In India, you can buy an induction stove for about $8. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1.【小题1】How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?A．By making classifications. B．By listing numbers.C．By following time order. D．By describing a process.【小题2】According to Carlos Dora, what is the best solution to indoor air pollution?A．People should use an effective air cleaner.B．People should use new technologies and clean fuels.C．People should open a window or door to let out the harmful air.D．People should prevent themselves from being exposed to harmful air..【小题3】What can we learn from the passage?A．Most of the deaths from indoor pollution are in developing countries.B．Burning solid fuels can help limit indoor air pollution .C．People can buy ethanol stoves made by Dometic in India.D．There are already two technologies for clean fuels available for use.【小题4】Which would be the best title for the passage?A．The way we cook is changing.B．Cause of indoor air pollution.C．The development of electric stoves.D．Indoor air pollution kills millions each year.。