武汉科技大学专业综合(基础英语占三分之二,语言学占三分之一)2006考研专业课真题

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武汉科技大学外国语学院

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2006年武汉科技大学422管理学原理Ⅰ考研试题

武汉科技大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目及代码：管理学原理Ⅰ 422 共 4 页第 1 页说明： 1. 适用招生专业：管理科学与工程；企业管理2. 答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效。

3. 考试时间为3小时，总分值150分。

一、选择题选择题（（以下各小题以下各小题均有四个备选答案均有四个备选答案均有四个备选答案，，其中只有一个是符合题意的其中只有一个是符合题意的，，请将正确答案选出请将正确答案选出，，只需填写所选项前的字母即可只需填写所选项前的字母即可。

每小题2分，共30分）1.与生产关系相联系的属性称为管理的：A.经济属性B.自然属性C.社会属性D.科学性2.带领和指挥组织中的全体成员同心协力地去执行组织的计划，实现组织的目标，这是管理的：A.计划职能B.组织职能C.领导职能D.控制职能3.管理者扮演的十种角色可分为三种类型，不包括下述哪种类型？A.领导B.人际关系C.信息D.决策4.为了激发员工内在的积极性，一项工作最好授予哪类人？A.能力远远高于任务要求的人B.能力远远低于任务要求的人C.能力略高于任务要求的人D.能力略低于任务要求的人5.俗话说“一山难容二虎”、“一条船不能有两个船长”。

从管理的角度看，对这些话的如下解释，你认为哪一种最恰当？A.在领导班子中如果有多个固执己见的人物最终会降低管理效率B.对于需要高度集权管理的组织不能允许有多个直线领导核心C.一个组织中的能人太多必然会造成内耗增加从而导致效率下降D.组织中不能允许存在两种以上的观点，否则易造成管理混乱6.不属于人际关系学说的观点是：A.管理者的权威来自下级的认可B.工人是社会人C.企业中存在非正式组织D.生产效率取决于工人的工作态度以及与他人的关系7.2001年度的诺贝尔经济学奖获得者不包括下面的哪一位？A.约翰·纳什（John F.Nash ）B.乔治·阿克尔洛夫（G .A kerl o f）C.迈克尔·斯彭斯（M .Spe n ce）D.约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨（J.Stiglitz）8.当代管理机构变革的一大趋势是：A.管理层次复杂化B.管理结构扁平化C.管理幅度日益减少D.锥式结构更受欢迎9.要求在企业生产经营中建立严格的责任制的组织结构设计原则是：A.有效性原则B.统一指挥原则C.权责对等原则D.集权与分权相结合的原则10.在选拔管理人员时，重点应放在：A.个人素质B.管理愿望C.知识结构D.实践中表现出来的管理能力11.在管理方格理论中，只注意搞好人际关系并创造一个舒适、友好的工作环境，但不太注重工作效率的领导方式是：A.任务型B.俱乐部型C.贫乏型D.中间型12.根据赫茨伯格的双因素理论，以下属于保健因素的是：A.工作上的成就感B.提升C.工资D.责任13.下列各项权力中属于非正式权力的有：A.强制权B.奖励权C.法定权D.影响权14.对于一个以自我实现需要占据主导地位的职工来说，最有效的激励措施是：A.提高工资B.颁发奖状C.委以重任D.改善工作环境15.麦克利兰的成就需要理论认为存在一些基本的需要引导着人的行为。

武汉大学英语综合806复习指导

北鼎教育，专注北外考研及全国外语专业考研辅导！武汉大学英语综合806备考指导武汉大学的英语综合806（语言学、西方文化和翻译）适用于外国语言学及应用语言学专业，总分150分，要求学生在3小时内答完卷子。

与英语综合801不同的是，英语综合806的三个部分占的分值各不相同，语言学占了重头戏，总共100分，西方文化一共30分，翻译20分。

语言学部分的100分有名词解释和简答题，名词解释的分值为30分。

部分年份的这100分出的题型不太一样。

西方文化部分共有30分，主要涉及到英美文化、跨文化交流和有效交流等内容。

翻译部分的分数比较少，英译汉一小段文章，一共20分。

与801的区别801和806都叫做英语综合，但是涉及的侧重点不同，适用的专业不同。

二者虽然都考语言学和翻译，但是这两块的侧重点不一样。

英语语言文学专业涉及到更多的内容是文学，但是也需要文学专业的同学了解语言学和翻译学理论的部分知识，这个专业偏理论一些。

外应专业重点强调了“应用语言学”，强调理论在实际问题中的应用，但也要求学生掌握一定程度的专业外知识。

这里的应用语言学更多涉及到文化交际。

备考策略武汉大学的这一科由于三个部分的分值不相同，所以同学要按照分值决定重点和次重点。

同学首先应确定好报考的专业，然后决定语言学的复习比重。

西方文化虽然分数比较少（截止到目前），但不保证以后这一部分的分值不变。

西方文化的内容同学也不能忽视。

这一科的翻译主要为英译汉，所以按照基础英语的套路复习就好。

时间规划翻译部分建议大家跟着基础英语这一科的步伐就好，不需要做额外的努力了。

语言学部分并没有规定参考用书，不过建议大家选择自己学校英语专业用的语言学书籍或者武汉大学英语本科生语言学课程所用的书籍作为参考书。

从现在到7月份之前，大家要好好地精读每一章节，并做好笔记。

如果配上参考书更好，这样加强概念的理解。

在校的应届生应当认真上课，通过课堂为自己夯实基础。

7月到10月，大家应当复习重点，看书速度要加快。

武汉科技大学(已有09试题)

武汉科技大学机械自动化学院材料力学2004——2009（2005——2006有答案）理论力学2005——2009（2005——2009有答案）测试技术2005——2009（2005——2009有答案）管理学原理（管理学院）2008——2009（2008——2009有答案）管理学原理（Ⅰ）（管理学院）2004——2007（2004——2007有答案）管理学原理（Ⅱ）（机械自动化学院）2005——2007（2005——2007有答案）机械原理2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）液压传动2005，2007——2009（2005，2007——2009有答案）液压传动系统2004，2006（2004，2006有答案）控制原理2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）汽车理论2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）流体力学（流体机械及工程专业）2007（2007有答案）流体力学（市政工程专业）2007（2007有答案）机械工程测试技术基础2004（2004有答案）运筹学2009（2009有答案）运筹学原理2008材料与冶金学院材料科学基础2009（2009有答案）材料学基础2006——2008（2006——2008有答案）硅酸盐物理化学2005——2007（2005——2007有答案）物理化学2004——2007，2009（2004——2007，2009有答案）固体物理2008——2009（2008——2009有答案）固体物理学2007（2007有答案）固体物体2004——2006（2004——2006有答案）材料力学2004——2009（2005——2006有答案）金属学2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）金属学原理2004——2005（2005有答案）软件基础（1）（含数据结构和计算机组成原理）2004，2007（2004有答案）软件基础Ⅱ（含数据结构和离散数学）2007（2007有答案）数据结构2005——2006，2008——2009（2005——2006有答案）冶金物理化学2004——2009（2005——2009有答案）化学工程与技术学院物理化学2004——2007，2009（2004——2007，2009有答案）化工原理2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）有机化学2004——2009（2004——2008有答案）生物化学（临床医学、预防医学、护理学等专业）2009（2009有答案）生物化学（临床医学、预防、高护、药学等专业）2004——2005，2007——2008（2005，2007——2008有答案）生物化学（化学工艺专业，生物工程方向）2005——2008（2005——2008有答案）无机化学2004，2007（2007有答案）无机材料物理化学2008信息科学与工程学院电路1999——2009（2004——2009有答案）（注：2004——2005年称“电路理论”）（另有1996——2003年电路理论期末考试试卷，每份5元）电子技术2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）信号与系统2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）计算机科学与技术学院软件基础（1）（含数据结构和计算机组成原理）2004，2007（2004有答案）软件基础Ⅱ（含数据结构和离散数学）2007（2007有答案）数据结构2005——2006，2008（2005——2006有答案）离散数学2008（2008有答案）管理学院管理学原理（管理学院）2008——2009（2008——2009有答案）管理学原理（Ⅰ）（管理学院）2004——2007（2004——2007有答案）管理学原理（Ⅱ）（机械自动化学院）2005——2007（2005——2007有答案）概率论与数理统计2004——2009（2005——2009有答案）微观经济学2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）文法与经济学院马克思主义哲学原理2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）马克思主义基本原理2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）法理学2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）社会主义市场经济学2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）思想政治教育学原理2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）自然辩证法2004——2009（2004——2008有答案）公共管理学2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）公共行政学2007——2009政治学理论与实务2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）政治学与公共管理2006（2006有答案）政治学原理2004——2005（2004——2005有答案）社会保障学2004——2009（2004——2008有答案）经济学综合（政治经济学占40%，宏微观经济学占60%）2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）理学院高等代数2004——2009（2005——2006有答案）数学分析2004——2008（2006——2007有答案）应用数学专业综合考试（复试）2003材料力学2004——2009（2005——2006有答案）工程力学2004——2009（2006，2008——2009有答案）医学院生物化学（临床医学、预防医学、护理学等专业）2009（2009有答案）生物化学（临床医学、预防、高护、药学等专业）2004——2005，2007——2008（2005，2007——2008有答案）生物化学（化学工艺专业，生物工程方向）2005——2008（2005——2008有答案）卫生综合2004，2007，2009（2007——2009有答案）城市建设学院流体力学（流体机械及工程专业）2007（2007有答案）流体力学（市政工程专业）2007（2007有答案）结构力学2004——2009（2005——2009有答案）外国语学院二外德语2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）二外法语2007——2009（2007——2009有答案）二外日语2005——2009（2005——2007，2009有答案）写作与翻译2004——2009（2004——2006有答案）专业综合（基础英语占三分之二，语言学占三分之一）2005——2009（2005——2009有答案）资源与环境工程学院物理化学2004——2007，2009（2004——2007，2009有答案）化工原理2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）岩石力学2005（2005有答案）岩体力学2004安全系统工程2009（2009有答案）环境工程微生物学2009（2009有答案）环境工程微生物2007——2008（2007——2008有答案）环境化学2004——2006（2004——2006有答案）工程力学2004——2009（2006，2008——2009有答案）地理信息系统2004，2006（2006有答案）土力学2004——2009（2004——2006，2008——2009有答案）水力学2004——2006，2009（2005——2006有答案）工程流体力学2004——2009（2006——2009有答案）界面分选原理2005——2009（2005——2009有答案）矿业运筹学2004——2009（2004——2009有答案）资源与环境经济学2009（2009有答案）资源环境经济学2004——2008（2004——2008有答案）房屋建筑学2009（2009有答案）。

2007—2012年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业招生计划、考试科目、参考教材和录取分数线汇总

2007—2012年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业招生计划、考试科目、参考教材和录取分数线汇总2012年武汉科技大学普通专升本英语专业招生人数、考试科目、参考教材、录取分数：招生人数：102012年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业考试科目综合英语+ 翻译与写作+计算机基础2012年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业参考教材《新编英语教程》1-4册，李观仪编著，上海外语教育出版社，修订版；1、《英汉翻译简明教程》，庄绎传主编，外语教学与研究出版社，2003年版。

2、《大学英语写作教程》，麻保金等编，河南大学出版社，修订本（上册）。

；《大学计算机基础教程》，陈建勋、李顺新主编，电子工业出版社，2009年版2012年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业录取分数线及要求1、按学科大类划定各专业英语（科目一）单科资格线，具体为：理、工、经、管、医类专业40分，艺术类专业35分，英语专业（综合英语）50分。

2、科目二和科目三单科资格线均为30分。

3、在满足条件1、2的前提下，再根据各专业招生计划数，按总分（三门课程）从高到低排序确定拟录取名单。

2011年武汉科技大学普通专升本英语专业招生人数、考试科目、参考教材、录取分数：招生人数：202011年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业考试科目综合英语+翻译与写作+计算机基础2011年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业参考教材综合英语:李观仪编著《新编英语教程》1-4册，上海外语教育出版社，修订版；翻译与写作1.庄绎传主编《英汉翻译简明教程》，外语教学与研究出版社，2003年版。

2.麻保金等编《大学英语写作教程》，河南大学出版社，修订本（上册）；计算机基础：陈建勋、李顺新主编《计算机基础》，电子工业出版社；2010年武汉科技大学普通专升本英语专业招生人数、考试科目、参考教材、录取分数：招生人数：302010年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业考试科目综合英语+计算机基础+翻译与写作2010年武汉科技大学专升本英语专业参考教材综合英语李观仪编著《新编英语教程》1-4册，上海外语教育出版社，修订版。

武汉科技大学专业综合英语336

武汉科技大学2007年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码及名称：336专业综合（基础英语占三分之二，语言学占三分之一）共 9 页（不包括答题页）说明： 1. 适用招生专业：外国语言学及应用语言学2. 答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效。

Section One ADVANCED ENGLISH (90%)I. Explain each of the following cultural figures or terms briefly: (15%)1. Winston Churchill2. Pablo Picasso3. National Geographic Magazine4. The Declaration of Independence5. Norman ConquestII. Identify the figures of speech used in the following underlined parts of the sentences. (10%)1. I see the German bombers and fighters in the sky, still smarting from many a British whipping, delighted to find what they believe is an easier and a safer prey.2. Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its—oysters.3. Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are.4. Beautiful she was. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt sure that time would supply the lack.5. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.III. Vocabulary (10%)For each of the italicized items, there follow four choices. Choose the one that most closely represent the meaning of the italicized word.1. aboriginesA. first designsB. conceptsC. primitive inhabitantsD. finales2. clandestineA. secretB. tangibleC. doomedD. approved3. dubiousA. externalB. straightC. sincereD. doubtful4. decimateA. killB. disgraceC. searchD. collide5. tenaciousA. intentionalB. collectingC. holding fastD. fast running6. robustA. violentB. villainousC. voraciousD. vigorous7. piousA. historicB. devoutC. fortunateD. authoritative8. pariahA. villageB. outcastC. diseaseD. benefactor9. incentiveA. objectiveB. simulationC. stimulationD. beginning10. reiterateA. reviveB. repeatC. returnD. revengeIV. Reading Comprehension (55%)Passage OneThe following passage is followed by 4 multiple-choice questions. Read the passage and decide on the best answer (8%):The conflict between good and evil is a common theme running through the great literature and drama of the world, from the time of the ancient Greeks to all the present. The principle that conflict is the heart of dramatic action when illustrated by concrete examples, almost always turns up some aspect of the struggle between good and evil.The idea that there is neither good nor evil—in any absolute moral or religious sense—is widespread in our times. There are various relativistic and behavioristic standards of ethics. If these standards even admit the distinction between good and evil, it is as a relative matter and not as whirlwind of choices that lies at the center of living. In any such state of mind, conflict can at best, be only a pretty matter, lacking true universality. The acts of the evildoer and of the virtuous man alike become dramatically neutralized. Imagine the reduced effect of Crime and Punishment or The Brothers Karamazoc had Dostoevsky thought that good and evil, as portrayed in those books, were wholly relative, and if he had had no conviction about them.You can’t have a vital literature if you ignore or shun evil. What you get then is the world of Pollyanna, goody-goody in place of the good. Cry, The Beloved Country is a great and dramatic novel because Alan Paton, in addition to being a skilled workman, sees with clear eyes both good and evil, differentiates them, pitches them into conflict with each other, and takes sides. He sees that the native boy Absalom Kumalo, who has murdered, cannot be judged justly without taking into account the environment that has had part in shaping them. But Paton sees, too, that Absalom the individual, not society the abstraction, committed the act and is responsible for it. Mr. Paton understands mercy. He knows that this precious thing is not evoked by sentimental impulse, but by a searching examination of the realities of human action. Mercy follows a judgment; it does not precede it.One of the novels by the talents Paul Bowles, Let It Come Down, is full of motion, full of sensational depravities, and is a crashing bore. The book recognizes no good, admits no evil, and is coldly indifferent to themoral behavior of its characters. It is a long shrug. Such a view of life is nondramatic and negates the vital essence of drama.1. In our age, according to the author, a standpoint often taken in the areaof ethics is the _______.A. relativistic view of moralsB. greater concern with religionC. emphasis on evilD. greater concern with universals2. The author believes that in great literature, as in life, good and evil are_________.A. relative termsB. to be ignoredC. constantly in conflictD. dramatically neutralized3. When the author uses the expression “it is a long shrug in referring toBowles’s book, he is commenting on the __________.A. length of the novelB. indifference to the moral behavior of the charactersC. monotony of the storyD. sensational depravities of the book4. In the opinion of the author, Cry, The Beloved Country is a great anddramatic novel because of Paton’s _________.A. insight into human behaviorB. behavioristic beliefsC. treatment of good and evil as abstractionsD. willingness to make moral judgmentsPassage Two: Lucidity, Simplicity, EuphonyI have never had much patience with the writers who claim from the reader an effort to understand their meaning.(1) You have only to go to the great philosophers to see that it is possible to express with lucidity the most subtle reflections. You may find it difficult to understand the thought of Hume, and if you have no philosophical training its implications will doubtless escape you; but no one with any education at all can fail to understand exactly what the meaning of each sentence is. Few people have written English with more grace than Berkeley. There are two sorts of obscurity that you find in writers. One is due to negligence and the other to wilfulness. People often write obscurely because they have never taken the trouble to learn to write clearly. This sort of obscurity you findtoo often in modern philosophers, in men of science, and even in literary critics. Here it is indeed strange. You would have thought that men who passed their lives in the study of the great masters of literature would be sufficiently sensitive to the beauty of language to write if not beautifully at least with perspicuity. (2) Yet you will find in their works sentence after sentence that you must read twice to discover the sense. Often you can only guess at it, for the writers have evidently not said what they intended.Another cause of obscurity is that the writer is himself not quite sure of his meaning. He has a vague impression of what he wants to say, but has not, either from lack of mental power or from laziness, exactly formulated it in his mind and it is natural enough that he should not find a precise expression for a confused idea. This is due largely to the fact that many writers think, not before, but as they write. The pen originates the thought. (3) The disadvantage of this, and indeed it is a danger against which the author must be always on his guard, is that there is a sort of magic in the written word. The idea acquires substance by taking on a visible nature, and then stands in the way of its own clarification. (4) But this sort of obscurity merges very easily into the willful. Some writers who do not think clearly are inclined to suppose that their thoughts have a significance greater than at first sight appears. It is flattering to believe that they are too profound to be expressed so clearly that all who run may read, and very naturally it does not occur to such writers that the fault is with their own minds which have not the faculty of precise reflection. (5) Here again the magic of the written word obtains. It is very easy to persuade oneself that a phrase that one does not quite understand may mean a great deal more than one realizes. From this there is only a little way to go to fall into the habit of setting down one’s impressions in all their original vagueness. Fools can always be found to discover a hidden sense in them. There is another form of willful obscurity that masquerades as artistocratic exclusiveness. The author wraps his meaning in mystery so that the vulgar shall not participate in it. His soul is a secret garden into which the elect may penetrate only after overcoming a number of perilous obstacles. But this kind of obscurity is not only pretentious; it is short-sighted. For time plays it an odd trick. If the sense is meager time reduces it to a meaningless verbiage that no one thinks of reading. (6)Simplicity is not such an obvious merit as lucidity. I have aimed at it because I have no gift for richness. Within limits I admire richness in others, though I find it difficult to digest in quantity. (7) I can read one page of Ruskin with delight, but twenty only with weariness. The rolling period, the stately epithet, the noun rich in poetic associations, the subordinate clauses that give the sentence weight and magnificence, the grandeur like that of wave following wave in the open sea; there is no doubt that in all this there is something inspiring. Words thus strung together fall on the ear like music. The appeal is sensuous rather than intellectual, and the beauty of the sound leads you easily to conclude that you need not bother about the meaning. But words are tyrannical things, they exist for their meanings, and if you will not pay attention to these, you cannot pay attention at all. Your mind wanders. This kind of writing demands a subject that will suit it. It is surely out of place to write in the grand style of inconsiderable things.But if richness needs gifts with which everyone is not endowed, simplicity by no means comes by nature. (8) To achieve it needs rigid discipline. So far as I know ours is the only language in which it has been found necessary to give a name to the piece of prose which is described as the purple patch; it would not have been necessary to do so unless it were characteristic. English prose is elaborate rather than simple. It was not always so. Nothing could be more racy, straightforward and alive than the prose of Shakespeare; but it must be remembered that this was dialogue written to be spoken. We do not know how he would have written if like Corneille he had composed prefaces to his plays. It may be that they would have been as euphuistic as the letters of Queen Elizabeth. But earlier prose, the prose of Sir Thomas More, for instance, is neither ponderous, flowery nor oratorical. It smacks of the English soil. To my mind Kind James’s Bible has been a very harmful influence on English prose. I am not so stupid as to deny its great beauty. It is majestical. But the Bible is an oriental book. Its alien imagery has nothing to do with us.Those hyperboles, those luscious metaphors, are foreign to our genius. (9) I cannot but think that not the least of the misfortunes that the Secession from Rome brought upon the spiritual life of our country is that this work for so long a period became the daily, and with many the only, reading of our people. Those rhythms, that powerful vocabulary, that grandiloquence, became part and parcel of the national sensibility. Theplain, honest English speech was overwhelmed with ornament. Blunt English men twisted their tongues to speak like Hebrew prophets. There was evidently something in the English temper to which this was congenial, perhaps a native lack of precision in thought, perhaps a naïve delight in fine words for their own sake, an innate eccentricity and love of embroidery, I do not know; but the fact remains that ever since, English prose has had to struggle against the tendency to luxuriance. When from time to time the spirit of the language has reasserted itself, as it did with Dryden and the writers of Queen Anne, it was only to be submerged once more by the pomposities of Gibbon and Dr. Johnson. (10) When English prose recovered simplicity with Hazlitt, the Shelley of the letters and Charles Lamb at his best, it lost it again with De Quincey, Carlyle, Meredith and Walter Pater. It is obvious that the grand style is more striking than the plain. Indeed many people think that a style that does not attract notice is not style. They will admire Walter Pater’s but will read an essay by Mathew Arnold without giving a moment’s attention to the elegance, distinction and sobriety with which he set down what he had to say.The dictum that the style is the man is well known. It is one of those aphorisms that say too much to mean a great deal. Where is the man in Goethe, in his birdlike lyrics or in his clumsy prose? And Hazlitt? But I suppose that if a man has a confused mind he will write in a confused way, if his temper is capricious his prose will be fantastical, and if he has a quick, darting intelligence that is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile. There is a great difference between the magniloquence of the Jacobean writers, who are intoxicated with the new wealth that had lately been brought into the language, and the turgidity of Gibbon and Dr. Johnson, who were the victims of bad theories. I can read every word that Dr. Johnson wrote with delight, for he had good sense, charm and wit. No one could have written better if he had not wilfully set himself to write in grand style. He knew good English when he saw it. No critic has praised Dryden’s prose more aptly. He said of him that he appeared to have no art other than that of expressing with clearness what he thought with vigor. And one of his Lives he finished with the words: “Whoever wishes to attain an English style, familiar but not coarse, and elegant but not ostentatious, must give his days and nights to the volumesof Addison.” (11) But when he himself sat down to write it was with a very different aim. He mistook the orotund for the dignified. He had not the good breeding to see that simplicity and naturalness are the truest marks of distinction.Whether you ascribe importance to euphony, the last of the three characteristics that I mentioned, must depend on the sensitiveness of your ear. A great many readers, and many admirable writers, are devoid of this quality. Poets as we know have always made a great use of alliteration. They are persuaded that the repetition of a sound gives an effect of beauty.I do not think it does so in prose. It seems to me that in prose alliteration should be used only for a special reason; when used by accident it falls on the ear very disagreeably. But its accidental use is so common that one can only suppose that the sound of it is not universally offensive.(12) Many writers without distress will put two rhyming words together, join a monstrous long adjective to a monstrous long noun, or between the end of one word and the beginning of another have a conjunction of consonants that almost breaks your jaw. These are trivial and obvious instances. I mention them only to prove that if careful writers can do such things it is only because they have no ear. Words have weight, sound and appearance; it is only by considering these that you can write a sentence that is good to look at and good to listen to.1. Paraphrase the underlined sentences in the article. (30%)2. Write a summary of the passage in Chinese (Word limit: 160 words) (17%)Section Two LINGUISTICS (40%)I. Define the following terms briefly: (20%)1. syntax2. context3. diachronic linguistics4. register5. the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis:II. It is widely recognized that language change is inevitable, constant and universal. With examples, provide explanations for some major factors that trigger language change. (20%)Section Three LANGUAGE TEACHING (20%)What attitudes are there towards learners’ e rrors in foreign (or second) language teaching? What do they think language teachers should do in the face of learners’ errors?武汉科技大学2007年硕士研究生入学考试试题参考答案考试科目代码及名称：336专业综合（基础英语占三分之二，语言学占三分之一）说明： 1. 适用招生专业：外国语言学及应用语言学2. 答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效。

武汉科技大学专业综合英语(A卷)2013考研专业课真题

第 1 页共 9 页二O 一三年招收硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码及科目名称： 620 专业综合　（A 卷）答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效考完后试题随答题纸交回。

(本试卷由A, B 两部分构成；选择题的答案，请考生在答题册上先标明大题，然后再按小题顺序写出小题的阿拉伯数字及相应的最佳答案的字母代号，请安五个答案为一组的方式写出，即最开始的5个答案写在同一排，接着的5个答案写在下一排，依此类推，直至写完。

)考试时间3小时，总分值 150 分。

姓名：报考专业：准考证号码：密封线内不要写
题。

09武汉科技大学英语专业综合答案

2009年硕士研究生入学考试“基础英语（专业综合）”参考答案及评分标准Section One ADVANCED ENGLISH1. Explain each of the following cultural terms briefly. (15%)1.Great Lakes: Group of five freshwater lakes, Central North America, between theUnited States and Canada, largest body of fresh water in the world. From west to east, they are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.2.Game theory: A mathematical theory of transactions developed by John V onNeumann. He called this theory, which has important applications in economic, diplomacy, and national defense, “game theory”. Even though they are serious, however, the games are often so intricate and their rules so strange that the game becomes overtly playful.3.Fundamentalism: A usually religious movement or point of view characterized bya return to fundamental principles, by rigid adherence to those principles, andoften by intolerance of other views and opposition to secularism. Christian fundamentalism is based on a literal interpretation of everything in the Bible and regarded as fundamental to Christian faith and morals.4.Newsweek: An American news weekly established in Dayton, Ohio in 1933. In itdomestic and international news is summarized, analyzed and categorized according to topics each week. It also has special sections devoted to arts, science, medicine, sports, etc. It is one of the three largest news weeklies of America and has a wide domestic and international circulation.5.The Salvation Army: A Protestant religious body devoted to the conversion of, andsocial work among the poor, and characterized by use of military titles, uniforms, etc. It was founded in 1878 by “General”Booth in London; now worldwide in operation.II. Identify the figures of speech used in the following underlined parts of the sentences. (10%)1.Antithesis2.Transferred epithet3.Hyperbole4.Metaphor5.PersonificationIII. Vocabulary (10%)1. A2. A3. D4. D5. B6. C7. D8. C9. C 10.B IV. Reading Comprehension (55%)Passage One (10%): 1.C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. CPassage Two:1.Paraphrase the underlined sentences in the article. (30%)(1)Just as science may acquire some of the features of a mythology, science may also beinfluenced by other cultures and ideologies. This is because science is one part of culture and can hardly stay away from the influence of cultures.(2)Newton’s thought was influenced by his intensive research into the Bibles and other Christianbooks. His thought is also influenced by his wish that his studies of natural science would lead people to believe in the existence of a supreme God who has given this world motion and order.(3)Those who study history from the psychological perspective will surely say that Einstein’supbringing has had a certain impact on his theory. He was a rather stateless person; if he had grown up in a stable environment, he would not be so ready to propose and accept the theory of relativity.(4)Only those immature followers of Bacon’s inductivist philosophy will deny that science canbe influenced by other non-scientific factors. Those inductivist followers have been trying to see a kind of “pure” science, not affected by any environmental factor.(5)We should not move quickly to deny, because of what have been mentioned, that there is adifference between the context where scientific law is discovered and the one where scientific law is proved.(6)First of all, even at the stage of inventing and thinking about his theory, a scientist willnormally change some of his ambitions or ideas about the world.(7)It is also true to say that, although the capitalist in the Victorian age welcomed the idea of thesurvival of the fittest, this could not explain the great success of Darwi n’s writing The Origin of Species.(8)If Darwin had not answered some of the specific questions in biology related to evolution, ifDarwin had not collected a huge amount of data, his theory would not have such a great influence.(9)On the other hand, even if a theory is presented in a form that is acceptable to scientificcommunity, its success or failure will not depend on whether it agrees or disagrees with the spirit of the age.(10)D arwin’s success is an example illustrating that scientific success can last for many ages;there are also examples of theories which meet the expectation of the age yet are rejected simply because they are not scientific.2.Write a summary of the passage in Chinese. (Word Limit: 160 words ) (15%)既然科学受神话的影响，科学也会受到其他文化或思潮的影响。

武汉科技大学

武汉科技大学2006年硕士研究生入学试题考试科目及代码：电路 417说明：1．适用专业：控制理论与控制工程、模式识别与智能系统2．可使用的工具：计算器、绘图工具3．答题内容写在答题纸上。

写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效。

4．考试时间3小时，总分值150分。

一、电路如图1所示，求出各个结点电压以及电压源S U 的功率P 。

(15分)二、电路如图2所示，N 为无源线性电阻网络，当A I V U S S 1 , 10 ==时，A I 1=；又当A I V U S S 2 ,5 =-=时，A I 5.4=；求当A I V U S S 5.2 , 15 ==时，电流 I 为多少？。

（15分）三、已知电路如图3所示，试求L R 所获得的最大功率。

（15分）四、正弦稳态电路的相量模型如图4所示, 已知A I A I 20,1021==，同相与I U ，且已知V U ︒∠=0220 ，阻抗2Z 上消耗的功率为kW 2，试求电流I ，电阻R ，容抗C X 及阻抗2Z 。

(15分)五、正弦稳态电路如图5所示，已知 , 100V U S =以及当Ω=10C X 时，电流A I 10=，当Ω=5C X 时，电流 I 仍为 A 10，试求：(1) 以SU 作为参考相量，画出电压电流相量图；（5分） (2) L L X R 及的值；（5分）(3) 电路消耗的平均功率。

（5分）六、电路如图6所示，已知F C F C H M H L H L R 31,61, 3 , 4 , 6 , 12121=====Ω=，且 V t t t u S )30cos(2 215cos 218)(︒++=，A t t i S )cos(28)(=，试求：（1）电流 )(t i 及其有效值；（8分）（2）两电源各自发出的有功功率。

（7分）七、电路如图7所示，已知 ,1)0( ,2)0(V u A i C L == 试用拉普拉斯变换求电容电压)(t u C 。

武汉科技大学专业综合(基础英语占三分之二,语言学占三分之一)2005考研专业课真题

武汉科技大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目及代码：专业综合 336说明：1．适用招生专业：外国语言学及应用语言学共 3 页2．答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效。

Section One ADVANCED ENGLISH (70%)I.Explain each of the following cultural figures or terms briefly: (15%)1. Black Humor2. Niccolo Machiavelli3. Ten Commandments4. Malthusian Population Theory5. The Great DepressionII.Identify the figures of speech in the following sentences: (10%)1. All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand.2. Good breeding consists in concealing how much we think of ourselves andhow little we think of the other person.3. Empire offered a few men a source of profit, many men a sense of missionand, to the anonymous everyman of Europe’s slums, a sense of pride.4. Gray peace pervaded the wilderness-ringed Argentina Bay inNewfoundland.5. The young moon lies on her back tonight as is her habit in the tropics, andas, I think, is suitable if not seemly for a virgin.III.Vocabulary (20%)1.Explain the meaning of the following prefixes or suffixes as italicized inthe following words:a)Pseudo classics b) ultra violet c) fore cast d) dictator ship e) flesh y2.Write out the full forms of the following shortenings, acronyms orblends:a)Radar b) MIT c) flu d) Stagflation e) quake1。

武汉大学英语综合801复习指导

文学有的年份把文学直接定义为 British and American Literature。这一部分主要考查学生对作品及作品时代背景、艺术风格等等的分析。部分年份会考名词解释，也有的年份也会让同学写一个小作文，大约 400 字。
翻译这里的翻译并不是纯粹的英译汉或汉译英，而是翻译理论。有的年份出了名词解释，有的年份让同学们对比了源语和目标语，还有的年份出现了针对名家纽马Байду номын сангаас、韦努蒂等人的观点写出 essay。
何时准备？这一门专业课实际上包含着三门专业课的量，所以准备还要趁早。加上前面的基础英语和二外，大家的学习任务一定是相当繁重的。这三门专业课不必每天都涉及，但一周至少要复习两次。最开始大家要认真精读书目，语言学还要记住相应的例子。英美文学不仅了解作家生平和文章写作风格，必要的时候还要了解具体的内核。翻译理论大家可以选择翻译概论的相关书籍，并做好相应的读书笔记。等到第二轮，从 7 月份到 10 月份左右，可以适度做一些真题检验水平，看书的速度要加快了。等到最后一轮，大家就要回归知识点，同时再把大题完善完善。
北鼎教育，专注北外考研及全国外语专业考研辅导！
武汉大学英语综合 801 考研复习指导
武汉大学考试科目代码为 801 的英语综合（语言学、文学、翻译）适用于英语语言文学专业，总分为 150 分。三大板块的内容各占 50 分。
语言学语言学是 801 英语综合的第一部分，每年考的题型有一些不同。有的年份考了名词解释和回答问题，有的年份考了名词异同解析、语言现象分析以及命题分析。虽然出题的形式不同，但是考的知识点就是语言学里面比较常见比较重要的几大块内容（语义学、语用学、社会语言学、二语习得、母语习得、应用语言学等等）。
备考策略武汉大学这一科涉及了三个方面，每个部分的分值均等，所以三块专业课都要抓住。武汉大学虽然没有给定参考书目，但是根据其他学校的经验，胡壮麟的《语言学教程》是比较经典的语言学书目，或者大家可以选择戴炜栋的《语言学》系列丛书。英美文学方面其实按照大家本科学校英语专业选用的书目就好。如果是跨专业的小朋友考武汉大学，那么可以选择本校英语专业的书目，或者采用外研社吴伟仁编著的英美文学系列的书目作为参考。武汉大学的“翻译”考得理论性内容比较多，大家要看看名家的翻译理论，同时翻译实务类的教材也要准备一本，学学里面的翻译技巧。

武汉科技大学外国语学院专业介绍

学院下设英语系、德语系、⼤学英语部、研究⽣公共外语部、英语语⾔学习中⼼、翻译研究所等机构。

⽬前在校本科⽣446⼈，专任教师159⼈，其中教授4⼈，副教授37⼈，外聘教师6-8⼈。

学院是外国语⾔学及应⽤语⾔学硕⼠学位授权单位，在校硕⼠研究⽣57⼈。

学院承担着全校⼤学英语公共课程和本学院英语专业的教学任务，还承担着全校所有涉外专业以及硕⼠和博⼠研究⽣等层次学⽣的公共外语教学任务。

此外，学院还承担店铺、教师提⾼、外语等级考试等培训任务。

除英语外，学院还开设德语、法语、⽇语和俄语等课程。

学院教学设施先进，拥有现代化的语⾳教室21间、600机位的⾃主学习中⼼、境外电视节⽬接收系统、覆盖半径达两公⾥的英语⼴播电台等先进教学设备。

外语资料室藏书4000余册、期刊170余种，可以满⾜各类外语教学和科研的需要。

学院重视教学和科研⼯作，近三年发表论⽂270余篇，出版教材、专著10余部。

⽬前学院承担着省、部、校级研究课题30多项。

教学质量不断提⾼，⾮英语专业学⽣参加全国⼤学英语四、六级考试合格率和英语专业学⽣参加专业四、⼋级考试的逐年上升。

学⽣在全国⼤学⽣英语竞赛、湖北省翻译⼤赛等活动中，多⼈次获得特等奖或⼀等奖。

学院积极开展国际学术交流与合作。

近三年来先后有10多⼈次参加⼤型国际学术交流会议或出国访问进修。

英语专业从1997年开始招收本科⽣，已毕业的学⽣受到社会的普遍欢迎。

毕业⽣⼀次性就业率保持在90%以上。

英语培养⽬标：培养适应社会主义市场经济和社会发展需要，德、智、体全⾯发展，具有扎实的英语语⾔基础和⼴博的⽂化知识，并能熟练地运⽤英语在科技、经贸、教育、⽂化、旅游等部门从事⼯作的复合型应⽤⼈才。

主要课程：综合英语、英语听⼒、英语⼝语、英语阅读、英语写作、⾼级英语、英语语⾔学、英美⽂学、翻译理论与实践、冶⾦概论、科技⽂献选读等。

德语培养⽬标：培养适应我国社会主义社会经济发展需要和德智体美全⾯发展，具有扎实的德语语⾔基础和⼴博的⽂化知识，掌握德语听、说、读、写、译技能，并能熟练运⽤德语在外事、经贸、⽂化、新闻出版、教育、科技、旅游等部门从事翻译、研究、教学和管理⼯作的宽⼝径⾼素质德语专门⼈才。

2006年武汉科技大学管理学院管理学原理(代码422)考研真题(含答案)【圣才出品】

2006年武汉科技大学管理学院管理学原理I（代码422）考研真题（含答案）武汉科技大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试试题管理学原理Ⅰ（422）标准答案一、选择题（以下各小题均有四个备选答案，其中只有一个是符合题意的，请将正确答案选出，只需填写所选项前的字母即可。

每小题2分，共30分）1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．D11．B 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．D二、填充题（每空1分，共20分）1．概念技能2．学习型组织3．社会责任4．组织文化5．量本利分析法6．管理幅度7．强化理论8．控制9．沟通10．纳什均衡三、简答题（每小题7分，共70分）1．简述管理的基本特征。

答：管理的基本特征是：（1）管理是为了实现预期目标；（2）管理的本质是协调；（3）管理的载体是组织；（4）管理是通过管理者实现的；（5）管理的核心是处理人际关系；（6）管理的方法多种多样。

2．简述科学管理理论的主要内容。

答：泰罗创立的科学管理理论主要包括八个方面的内容：（1）制定工作定额；（2）选择第一流的工人；（3）实施标准化管理；（4）实行差别计件工资制；（5）强调雇主与工人合作的“精神革命”；（6）主张计划职能与执行职能分开；（7）实行职能工长制；（8）在组织机构的管理控制上实行例外原则。

3．简述波特的五种竞争力模型。

答：按照M.E.波特的观点，一个行业中的竞争，远不止在原有竞争对手中进行，而是存在着五种基本的竞争力量，它们是潜在的行业新进入者的威胁、替代品或服务的威胁、购买商讨价还价的能力、供应商讨价还价的能力以及现有竞争者之间的竞争，如图所示。

潜在的行业新进入者的威胁力波特的五种竞争力模型4．简述计划工作中的限定因素原理。

答：所谓限定因素，是指妨碍组织目标实现的因素，也就是说，在其他因素不变的情况下，仅仅改变这些因素，就可以影响组织目标的实现程度。

限定因素原理可以表述为主管人员越是能够了解对达到目标起主要限制作用的因素，就越能够有针对性地、有效地拟定各种行动方案。

2006年武汉科技大学管理学院管理学原理(代码422)考研真题【圣才出品】

2006年武汉科技大学管理学院管理学原理I（代码422）考研真题武汉科技大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目及代码：管理学原理Ⅰ 422 共4 页第1 页说明：1．适用招生专业：管理科学与工程；企业管理2．答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效。

3．考试时间为3小时，总分值150分。

一、选择题（以下各小题均有四个备选答案，其中只有一个是符合题意的，请将正确答案选出，只需填写所选项前的字母即可。

每小题2分，共30分）1．与生产关系相联系的属性称为管理的：A．经济属性B．自然属性C．社会属性D．科学性2．带领和指挥组织中的全体成员同心协力地去执行组织的计划，实现组织的目标，这是管理的：A．计划职能B．组织职能C．领导职能D．控制职能3．管理者扮演的十种角色可分为三种类型，不包括下述哪种类型？A．领导B．人际关系C．信息D．决策4．为了激发员工内在的积极性，一项工作最好授予哪类人？A．能力远远高于任务要求的人B．能力远远低于任务要求的人C．能力略高于任务要求的人D．能力略低于任务要求的人5．俗话说“一山难容二虎”、“一条船不能有两个船长”。

从管理的角度看，对这些话的如下解释，你认为哪一种最恰当？A．在领导班子中如果有多个固执己见的人物最终会降低管理效率B．对于需要高度集权管理的组织不能允许有多个直线领导核心C．一个组织中的能人太多必然会造成内耗增加从而导致效率下降D．组织中不能允许存在两种以上的观点，否则易造成管理混乱6．不属于人际关系学说的观点是：A．管理者的权威来自下级的认可B．工人是社会人C．企业中存在非正式组织D．生产效率取决于工人的工作态度以及与他人的关系7．2001年度的诺贝尔经济学奖获得者不包括下面的哪一位？A．约翰·纳什（John F.Nash）B．乔治·阿克尔洛夫（G.Akerlof）C．迈克尔·斯彭斯（M.Spence）D．约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨（J.Stiglitz）8．当代管理机构变革的一大趋势是：A．管理层次复杂化B．管理结构扁平化C．管理幅度日益减少D．锥式结构更受欢迎9．要求在企业生产经营中建立严格的责任制的组织结构设计原则是：A．有效性原则B．统一指挥原则C．权责对等原则D．集权与分权相结合的原则10．在选拔管理人员时，重点应放在：A．个人素质B．管理愿望C．知识结构D．实践中表现出来的管理能力11．在管理方格理论中，只注意搞好人际关系并创造一个舒适、友好的工作环境，但不太注重工作效率的领导方式是：B．俱乐部型C．贫乏型D．中间型12．根据赫茨伯格的双因素理论，以下属于保健因素的是：A．工作上的成就感B．提升C．工资D．责任13．下列各项权力中属于非正式权力的有：A．强制权B．奖励权C．法定权D．影响权14．对于一个以自我实现需要占据主导地位的职工来说，最有效的激励措施是：A．提高工资B．颁发奖状C．委以重任D．改善工作环境15．麦克利兰的成就需要理论认为存在一些基本的需要引导着人的行为。

06武汉科技大学英语专业考研写作和翻译

武汉科技大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目及代码：写作与翻译（448）共 2 页（不包括答题页）说明：1．适用招生专业：外国语言学及应用语言学2．答题内容写在答题页上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效。

3．考试时间3小时，总分值150分Part I Translation (75%)I. Translate the following into Chinese (35%)1. The beauty of our country is as hard to define as it is easy to enjoy.2. Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, only a few of second importance remain to be discussed.3. She felt the need of a breath of fresh air and a drink of water, but did not venture to stir.4. As is already discussed, the disease, if present at all, is usually a rather steady and continuous process.5. Some rules of etiquette are indeed ridiculous. If we would concern ourselves more with how we treat our fellow human being and less with which fork to use, society would be better served.6. What is surely and identifiably unique about the human species is not its possession of certain faculties or physical characteristics, but what it has done with them—its achievement, or history, in fact. Humanity’s unique ach ievement is its remarkably intense level of activity and creativity, its cumulative capacity to create change. All animals have ways of living, some complex enough to be called cultures. Human culture alone is progressive: it has been increasingly built by conscious choice and selection within it as well as by accident and natural pressure, by the accumulation of a capital of experience and knowledge which man has exploited.II. Translate the follow into English. (40%)1．请勿践踏草坪。

武汉科技大学专业综合(基础英语占三分之二,语言学占三分之一)2010考研专业课真题

码： 636专业综合（基础英语占2/3、语言学占1/3）适用专业：外国语言学及应用语言学答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效考完后试题随答题纸交回。考试时间3小时，总分值 150 分。
Section One Advanced English (60%)
3. She ____ that her stay was not welcomed by the hostess. A. felt B. sensed C. was aware of D. was conscious of
4. The research team has a very good record of the day-to-day ____ in pollution in the atmosphere. A. variance B. variant C. variational D. variation
Beneath each of following sentences, there are four choices marked A. B. C .and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence . 1. The little baby ____ several steps on the floor without losing his balance. A. plodded B. hobbled C. tottered D. strolled 2. They did their best to ____ the significance of their enemy’s victory. A. belittle B. minimize C. dwindle D. decrease