王守仁《英国文学选读》(第2版)笔记和课后习题详解(第24单元 V.S.奈保尔)【圣才出品】

第24单元V.S.奈保尔

24.1复习笔记

Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul（1932-）（V.S.奈保尔）

1.Life（生平）

Naipaul was born in Chaguanas,Trinidad and Tobago,to parents of Indian descent.In1950,he won the government scholarship and went to Oxford to study literature.

Naipaul establishes his position in the English literature world as an immigrate writer.His works has close relation with his personal experiences.His works pays close attention to the social problems and cultural conflicts of those colonized countries in Caribbean area,Africa and India after broken of the colonial system and the hardships and the state of losing roots of those who emigrate from colonial countries to developed ones.As one of the most prominent English immigrate writer,Naipaul has won such important literary prize as Maugham Award and Booker Prize.In1990,he was knighted by Britain Queen.Naipaul won Nobel Prize for Literature in2001

奈保尔出生于岛国特立尼达和多巴哥的查瓜那斯，是印度婆罗门的后裔。1950年获政府奖学金，到牛津大学学习文学。

奈保尔以移民作家的身份在英语文学世界立住了脚跟。其作品的主题与他的经历密切相关。他的作品主要关注加勒比海地区、非洲和印度等前殖民地国家在殖民体系解体后的社会

问题和文化冲突以及前殖民地国家的人移居到发达国家之后的艰难历程和失根状态。作为当代最有成就的英国移民作家之一，奈保尔获得过毛姆奖、布克奖等英国重要文学奖项；1990年被英国女王封为骑士；2001年获诺贝尔文学奖。

2.Major Works（主要作品）

The Mystic Masseur（1957）《神秘的按摩师》

Miguel Street（1959）《米格尔大街》

A House for Mr.Biswas（1961）《毕司沃斯先生的房子》

In a Free State（1971）《在自由的国度》

India:A Wounded Civilization（1977）《印度：伤痕累累的文明》

A Bend in the River（1979）《河湾》

Among the Believers:An Islamic Journey（1981）《在信徒中间》

The Enigma of Arrival（1987）《抵达之谜》

A Way in the World（1994）《世间之路》

The Writer and the World:Essays（2002）《作家与世界》

3.Selected works（选读作品）

◆A Way in the World《世间之路》

A Way in the World surpasses the limits of genre,combining autobiographies and histories,records of events and fictions.The work focuses on the colonial and post-colonial histories of West Indies.It consists of9chapters,including the author’s memories of his own personal experiences and fictional historical events.

In Prelude:An Inheritance,Naipaul,as an immigrate writer,portrays the social life of the third world in the first world.As the narrator says,all he sees when he comes back to hometown seems like the feeling when he first put on “sunglasses”.Apparently,he cannot approve that strange and disordered culture. From such perspective,this prelude not only helps us know about the ideological confusion of the third world people’s cultural identity brought about by colonialism ruling,but also assists us be clear about the“rootless”state of immigrate writers’cultural identity.

《世间之路》是一部跨越了文学界限、集自传与历史、融纪实与虚构为一体的作品。全书围绕西印度群岛的殖民和后殖民历史这一主题。全书有9章，其中既有作者对自身经历的回忆，也有虚构的历史故事。

在这个短篇中，奈保尔以移民作家的身份在第一世界里描写其第三世界故乡的社会生活。正如故事叙述者所说，回乡后看到的一切仿佛是第一次戴上“墨镜”时的感受。他显然不认同那种怪异、混杂的文化。从这个角度来看，这个短篇作品既有助于我们认识殖民主义统治给第三世界国家人民的文化认同造成的思想混乱，又能帮助我们认识移民作家的文化认同的所谓“无根”状态。

24.2课后习题详解

1.What is Leonard Side’s idea of beauty?Is it“surprising”to you as it is surprising to the local teacher?What do you think is the narrator’s(Naipaul’s) attitude towards such an idea of beauty?