人教版-高中英语-必修一-知识点总结

人教版必修一各单元知识点总结Unit One Friendship

一、重点短语

1.go through 经历，经受

get through 通过；完成；接通电话

2. set down 记下，放下

3. a series of 一系列

4. on purpose 有目的的

5. in order to 为了

6. at dusk 傍晚，黄昏时刻

7. face to face 面对面

8. fall in love 爱上

9. join in 参加（某个活动）；

take part in 参加（活动）

join 加入（组织，团队，并成为其中一员）

10. calm down 冷静下来

11. suffer from 遭受

12. be/get tired of…对…感到厌倦

13. be concerned about 关心

14. get on/along well with 与…相处融洽

15. be good at/do well in 擅长于…

16. find it + adj. to do sth. 发现做某事是…

17. no longer / not …any longer 不再…

18. too much 太多（后接不可数n.）

much too 太…(后接adj.)

19. not…until 直到…才

20. it’s no pleasure doing sth 做…并不开心

21. make sb. sth. 使某人成为…

make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事

二、语法----直接引语和间接引语

概念：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话。一般前后要加引号。

间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语在多数情况下可构成宾语从句且不要加引号。

例：Mr. Black said, “ I’m busy.”

Mr. Black said that he was busy.

变化规则

（一）陈述句的变化规则

直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that（可省略）引导，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语都要发生相应的变化。

人称的变化——人称的变化主要是要理解句子的意思

例：1. He said, “ I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much.

2. He said to me, “I’v left my book in your room.”

→He told me that he had left his book in my room.

时态的变化

例：

“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne.

→Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.

The boy said, “I’m using a knife.”

→The boy said that he was using a knife.

▲注意：如果直接引语是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变，如：

He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”

He said that light travels much faster than sound.

指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化

(二) 祈使句的变化规则

如果直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并根据句子意思在不定式前加上tell/ask/order等动词，如果祈使句是否定句，在不定式前面还要加上not。例：

The hostess said to us, “Please sit down.”

→The hostess asked us to sit down.

He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.”

→He told the boys not to make so much noise.

（三）疑问句的变化规则

如果直接引语是疑问句，变为间接引语时要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。

一般疑问句：如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，谓语动词是say或said时，要改为ask 或asked,原问句变为由if/whether 引导的宾语从句。例: “Do you think a diary can become your friend?” the writer says.

→The writer asks us if we think a diary can become our friend.

2) 特殊疑问句：如果间接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，仍用原来的引导词，但疑问句要变为陈述句。例：

“What do you want?” he asked me.

→He asked me what I wanted

Unit two English around the world

一、重点短语

1. be different from 与…不同

be the same as 与…一样

2. one another 相互，彼此（=each other）

3. official language 官方语言

4. at the end of 在…结束时

5. because of 因为（后接名词或名词性短语）

because 因为（后接句子）

6. native speakers 说母语的人

7. be based on 根据，依据

8. at present 目前；当今

9. especially 特别，尤其

specially 专门地

10. make use of 利用…

make the best of 充分利用…

11. a large number of 大量的，很多（作主语，谓语动词用复数）

the number of …的数量（作主语，谓语动词用单数）

12. in fact = actually= as a matter of fact 事实上

13. believe it or not 信不信由你

14. there is no such thing as…没有这样的事…

15. be expected to …被期待做某事

16. play a part/role in …在…起作用

17. make lists of…列清单

18. included 包括（前面接包括的对象）

Including包括（后接包括的对象）

19. command sb. to do sth. 命令某人去做某事

command + that 从句（从句用should+V原）

20. request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

request + that 从句(从句用should+V原)

二、语法----英语中的命令（command）语气和请求(request)语气

命令语气：表示直接命令某人做某事，语气比较重，不怎么礼貌，一般用于上级对下级