最新葡萄酒专业英语词汇(很全的)

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葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wi ne :干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wi ne :半干葡萄酒Dry white wi ne :干白葡萄酒Rose wine :桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine :甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine :半甜葡萄酒Still wi ne :静止葡萄酒Sparkli ng wi ne :起泡葡萄酒Claret :新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产) Botrytised wi ne :贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wi ne :加强葡萄酒Flavored wi ne :加香葡萄酒Brut wine :天然葡萄酒Carbo nated wi ne :加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wi ne( Aperitif) :开胃葡萄酒Table wine :佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wi ne :餐后葡萄酒Champagne香槟酒Vermouth :味美思Beaujolasis :宝祖利酒Mistelle :密甜尔Wine Cooler :清爽酒Cider :苹果酒Brandy :白兰地Fruit bran dy :水果白兰地Pomace Brandy :果渣白兰地Grape brandy :葡萄白兰地Liquor ( Liqueur ):禾U 口酒Gin :金酒(杜松子酒)Rum朗姆酒Cocktail :鸡尾酒Vodka:伏特加Whisky :威士忌Spirit :酒精,烈酒Cog nac(Fra nee):科尼亚克白兰地(法) Armag nac(Fra nee):阿马尼亚克白兰地(法) Sherry(Spai n):雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast :酵母Wild yeast :野生酵母Yeast hulls :酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast :活性干酵母Bacteria :细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria :醋酸菌Spoilage yeast :败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Tran spirati on :蒸腾作用Evaporati on :蒸发Photosy nthesis :光合作用Maillard Reacti on :麦拉德反应Veraison :转色期Saturatio n :饱和Alcoholic ferme ntati on( AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Ferme ntation :发酵停滞Primary Ferme ntatio n :前发酵,主发酵Secon dary Ferme ntati on ;二次发酵Heteroferme ntati on :异型发酵Malolactic ferme ntatio n(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF) :苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Chara ntaise :夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique : CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation : CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method :宝祖利酿造法Un areobic ferme ntati on :厌氧发酵法Thermov ini ficatio n :热浸渍酿造法Charmat method :罐式香槟法En zymatic brow ning :酶促褐变Acetificatio n :酸败Ageing :陈酿Sur lies :带酒脚陈酿Esterify :酯化Saccharify :糖化Liquefy : 溶解、液化Bottle agi ng :瓶内陈酿Amelioratio n :原料改良Chaptalizati on :加糖Distillati on :蒸馏Fractio nal Distillatio n :分馏Rectificati on :精馏Clarificati on :澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Beto nite :膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite :硅藻土Capsule :胶帽Tin Plat 、Foil :锡箔Pigment :颜料、色素Casein :酪蛋白Pectin :果胶酶Silica gel :硅胶Gelatin :明胶Isi nglass :鱼胶Egg white :蛋清Albume n:蛋白Blood powder :血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid :总酸Titrable acid :滴定酸Residul sugar :残糖Carbon dioxide :二氧化碳Sugar-free extract :干浸出物Volatile acid :挥发酸Sulfur dioxide :二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide :总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide :游离二氧化硫Copper (Cu):铜Iron (Fe):铁Potassium :钾(K)Calcium (Ca):钙Sodium ( Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol :甲醇High Alcohol :高级醇Polyalcohol :多元醇Ethyl acetate :乙酸乙酯Flavonol :黄酮醇Glycine :甘油Calcium Pectate :果胶酸钙Ochratoxin :棕曲霉毒素Butanol : 丁醇Isobuta nol :正丁醇Gastric Acid :胃酸Propanone :丙酮Acetic Acid :乙酸Formic Acid :甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids :磷脂Ami no Acid :氨基酸Fatty Acid :脂肪酸Carbon ic Acid :碳酸Carbohydrate :碳水化合物Fixed Acid :固定酸Tartaric Acid :酒石酸Malic Acid :苹果酸Citric Acid :柠檬酸Lactic Acid :乳酸Succi nic Acid :琥珀酸Sorbic acid :山梨酸Ascorbic acid :抗坏血酸Benzyl acid :苯甲酸Gallic acid :没食子酸Ferulic Acid :阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid :香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar :果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweete ning :蔗糖Polysaccharides :水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase :淀粉酶Foam泡沫Protein :蛋白质Mercaptan :硫醇Thiamine :硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt :铵盐Melanoidinen :类黑精Glycerol :甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate :柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate :硫酸铜Hydroge n sulphide :硫化氢Oak (barrel):橡木(桶)Catechins :儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold :香味阈值Maillard Reacti on :美拉德反应Volatile Phe nols :挥发性酚Va nilla n :香子兰Vanillin :香草醛,香兰素Lin alool :里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol :牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyra nic acid :丙酮酸Fura n Aldehydes :呋喃醛Eugenol : 丁香酚Guaiacol :愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products :碳水化合物降解物Cellulose :纤维素Hemicellulose :半纤维素Hemicellulase :半纤维素酶Maltol :落叶松皮素Oak Lactone :橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins :水解单宁Ellagita nnins :鞣花单宁Proan thocya nidin :原花色素Relative Astri nge ncy(RA) :相对涩性Lagic Acid :鞣花酸Polypetide Nitroge n :多肽氮Oxido-reduction Pote ntial :氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols :聚合多酚Poly-phe nols :多酚PVP( P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin :花青素Alcohol, etha nol :乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxyge n:氧气Ester :酯类物质Nitrogen :氮气Aroma:果香Virus :病毒Bacteriophage :噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct :副产物Potassium Bitartrate ( KHT :酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate :山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate :磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5) :偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin :单宁Oak tannins :橡木丹宁Un desired ( Excessive )Tannins :劣质单宁Desired tannins :优质单宁En zyme:酶Laccase :漆酶Polyphe nol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶^■glucosidase :伕葡(萄)糖苷酶3-glucanase :禺葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins :甘露糖蛋白Lees :酒泥Chateau :酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine :原酒Hygiene : 卫生Activated carbon :活性碳Currant :茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry :木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtratio n) :过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Cen trifuge :离心机Distillati on :蒸馏Heat Exchanger :热交换器Crusher :破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser :压榨机Atmosphere Presser :气囊压榨机Screw Presser :连续压榨机Filter :过滤机Bottli ng Li ne :灌装线Plate Filtratio n (filter ):板框过滤(机)Vacuum Filtrati on (filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtrati on (filter ):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtrati on (filter ):错流过滤(机)Membra ne Filtration i( filter ):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtratio n (filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtrati on (filter ):袋滤(机)Rotary Mach ine 转瓶机Pomace Draining :出渣Blending :调配Racking :分离(皮【渣、酒脚)Decanting :倒灌(〔瓶)Remuage 吐渣Fining :下胶Deacidificati on 降酸Pump over :循环Skin Con tact :浸皮(渍)Mix colors :调色Oxidative Agei ng Method :氧化陈酿法Reduc ing Agei ng Method :还原陈酿法Stabilization :稳定性Ullage :未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace :顶空NTU浊度Receivi ng bin :接收槽Corkscrew :开瓶器Distilli ng Colu mn :蒸馏塔Conden ser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger :热交换器Cork :软木塞Cellar :酒窖Wine Showroo m:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density (OD :光密度Metal Crow n Lid :皇冠盖Blanket :隔氧层Pasteurisatio n :巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery :葡萄苗圃Graft :嫁接苗Scion :接穗Seedli ng :自根苗Disease :病害Botrytis :灰霉病Downy Mildew :霜霉病Powdery Mildew :白粉病Fan Leaf :扇叶病毒病Anthracnose :炭疽病Mild Powder :灰腐病Black Rotte n :黑腐病Noble rot :贵腐病Pearls :皮尔斯病Phylloxera :根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage :鸟害Pest :昆虫Lime Sulphur :石硫合剂Nursery :营养钵Herbicide :除草剂Pesticide :杀虫剂Fungicide :真菌剂Bordeaux mixture :波尔多液Microclimate :微气候Variety :品种Cluster :果穗Rachis :穗轴Scion :接穗Rootstock :砧木Grafti ng :嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology :葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vi nificatio n :葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making :葡萄酒酿造Ampelography :葡萄品种学Vi niculture :葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学En ologist,Wi nemaker :酿酒师Vintage :年份Inoculation ( inoculum):接种(物) MO( material other than grapes ):杂物Terpene :萜烯Terpenol :萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C :法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S :优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P :地区餐酒V.D.T :日常餐酒德国:1. Tafelwei n :日常餐酒;2. Landwein :地区餐酒;3. Qualitaetswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete :简称QbA 优质葡萄酒;4. Qualitaetswein mit Praedikat :简称QmP 特别优质酒。

红酒专业术语

红酒专业术语

第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒Vodka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar-free extract:干浸出物Volatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应Volatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable T annins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒德国:1. T afelwein:日常餐酒;2. Landwein:地区餐酒;3. Qualitaetswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete:简称QbA,优质葡萄酒;4. Qualitaetswein mit Praedikat:简称QmP,特别优质酒。

葡萄酒词汇

葡萄酒词汇

ootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒葡萄酒品尝Taste:品尝Clarity:清澈、透明Transparent:透明的Sensation;感觉Bitter Flavors:苦味Off-flavor, Off-smell, Odour:异味Stemmy:果梗味Reduction Smell:还原味Oxidative Smell:氧化味Harmony:协调性Odour:气味Olfactory:嗅觉的Scent:植物香气Aroma:果香Bouquet:酒香Body:酒体Perception:感觉Amber:琥珀色的Ruby:宝石红色Tawny:黄褐色Violet:紫罗兰色Pink:紫红色Brown:褐色的Round:圆润的Full:完整的、丰满的Harmonious:协调的Supple:柔顺的Soft:柔软的Smooth:平滑的Mellower:醇美的Lively:充满活力的Rich:饱满的,馥郁的Fine:细腻的Fresh:清新的Well-balanced:平衡良好的Subtle:微妙的, 精细的Velvety:柔软的、温和的、柔顺的Fragrant:芳香的、香气幽雅的Flowery:花香的Syrupy:美妙的、甜美的Mellow:甘美的、圆润的、松软的Luscious:甘美的、芬芳的Tranquil:恬静的Spicy:辛辣的Tart:尖酸的Harsh,Hard:粗糙的Lighter:清淡的、轻盈的Thin:单薄的Flat:平淡的Unbalanced:不平衡的Spoiled,Unsound:败坏的Fuller:浓郁的Vinous:酒香的Coarse:粗糙的、粗劣的Piquant:开胃的、辛辣的Tart:尖酸的、刻薄的Astringent:收敛的、苦涩的Conflict:不和谐的Stale:走味的,沉滞的Dull:呆滞的、无活力的Sulphur Taste:硫味Hydrogen Sulphide odour:硫化氢味Taste of Lees:酒泥味Mousiness:鼠臭味Corked Taste,Corkiness,Corky:木塞味ouldy Taste,Musty Taste:霉味Cooked Taste:老化味Resinous:树脂味Casky (Woody )Taste:橡木味,木味Smoke Taste:烟熏味Metallic Flavour:金属味Earthy Taste:泥土味Herbaceous Taste:青草味After Taste:后味ootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒红葡萄品种:Cabernet Sauvignon(France):赤霞珠Cabernet Franc(France):品丽珠Cabernet Gernischt(France) :蛇龙珠Carignan:佳利酿Sinsaut(France) :神索Gamay(France) :佳美Grenache(Spain) :歌海娜Merlot(France) :梅鹿辄Petit Verdot (France) :味尔多Pinot Noir(France) :黑比诺Ruby Cabernet(America) :宝石解百纳Sangiovese(Italy) :桑娇维塞Syrah(France) :西拉Zinfandel(America) :增芳德Muscat Hamburg:玫瑰香Saperavi(Former Soviet Union):晚红蜜三、白葡萄品种:Aligote(France) :阿里高特Chardonney(France) :霞多丽Chenin Blanc(France) :白诗南Traminer(Germany) :琼瑶浆Italian Riesling:贵人香Grey Risling:灰雷司令White Riesling(Germany) :白雷司令Muller-Thurgau(germany) :米勒Muscat Blanc:白麝香Pinot Blanc(France:)白品乐Sauvignon Blanc(France) :长相思Selillon(France) :赛美蓉Silvaner(Germany) :西万尼Ugni Blanc(France) :白玉霓Folle Blanche(France) :白福尔Colombard(France) :鸽笼白Long Yan(China,Changcheng):龙眼Rkatsiteli (Former Soviet Union):白羽葡萄分类Vitaceae:葡萄科Vine:葡萄树American Vine:美洲种葡萄Franco-american:欧美杂交种Hybrid:杂交品种Wild Grape(Vine):野生葡萄Cultivar:栽培品种Wine Grape:酿酒葡萄Table Grape:鲜食葡萄Seedless Grape:无核(籽)葡萄Grape(Vine) Variety:葡萄品种染色品种:Alicante Bouschet(France) :紫北塞Yan 73(China,Changyu) :烟73Yan 74(China,Changyu) :烟74学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇。

葡萄酒专业英语

葡萄酒专业英语

ACCESSIBLE(已可饮用)——已经可以品尝的酒;适饮期的酒;不需储藏的新酒,成熟的老酒和比预期早熟的酒。

ACETIC ACID(醋酸)——所有酒都含有轻微而不易察觉的醋酸(约0.03% -0.06%)。

如果比例超过0.1%,酸味会变得明显,就有如指甲油般的味道。

ACID,ACIDITY(酸度)——酒酸,是造成葡萄酒(特别是白酒) 的结构及厚度的重要因素。

若与丹宁等其他元素不平衡,会造成瑕疵。

通常以Tart或Sour来形容酸度过高的酒。

甜酒的酸度会比不甜酒略高。

AFTERTASTE(余韵,回甘)——指入喉后的回甘。

这回甘与酒停留在你口中的香味将有所不同,有辛辣的感受,余韵越长表示越好, 是欣赏葡萄酒最后的一个愉快的项目。

AGE/AGED(陈年/成熟)——经陈年的白酒通常由青绿转变为金黄色。

波尔多红酒由紫转深红,布根地由紫变砖红。

实际颜色转变视葡萄品种而定。

AGGRESSIVE(浓烈)——指酒内含浓烈的丹宁,非常干涩,尚需陈年。

ALCOHOLIC(酒精的酒精味)——1.平衡不佳而生成酒精的味道。

浓烈的酒精味会把应有的果香覆盖,生成炽热的感受。

2.法令规完酒内的酒精浓度必需注明,一般而言,餐酒不得超过14%,然而亦有例外,如某些金芬黛的酒精度会比较高。

ALMOND(杏仁)——带有些微甘味,意大利白酒通常会出现这种味道。

American Oak(美国橡木)——用美国橡木桶陈酿的苏维翁,梅洛及金芬黛会有浓烈的香草,时萝(九层塔)及杉木味。

ANISE(大茴香)——些微的甘草香,大部份的西班牙红酒会有这种味道。

APPLE(苹果)——1.丰富的苹果香味,你可以在有轻微橡木味的莎当妮中品尝得到。

2.清新的苹果味是薏丝琳白酒的味道。

3.尚未成熟的葡萄酿制的白酒有青苹果味。

4.酸苹果味表示酒已开始氧化。

APRICOT(杏子)——杏味通常会在甜白酒中出现,红酒中偶尔也会出现。

AROMA(香味)——指酒闻起来的味道。

葡萄酒类专业英汉词汇_饮食英语词汇

葡萄酒类专业英汉词汇_饮食英语词汇

第一部分葡萄酒分类dry red wine:干红葡萄酒semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒dry white wine:干白葡萄酒rose wine:桃红葡萄酒sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒still wine:静止葡萄酒sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒fortified wine:加强葡萄酒flavored wine:加香葡萄酒brut wine:天然葡萄酒carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒appetizer wine( aperitif):开胃葡萄酒table wine:佐餐葡萄酒dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒champagne:香槟酒vermouth:味美思beaujolasis:宝祖利酒mistelle:密甜尔wine cooler:清爽酒cider:苹果酒brandy:白兰地fruit brandy:水果白兰地pomace brandy:果渣白兰地grape brandy:葡萄白兰地liquor(liqueur):利口酒gin:金酒(杜松子酒)rum:朗姆酒cocktail:鸡尾酒vodka:伏特加whisky:威士忌spirit:酒精,烈酒cognac(france) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)armagnac(france) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)sherry(spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)port(portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)bdx:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物yeast:酵母wild yeast:野生酵母yeast hulls:酵母菌皮dry activity yeast:活性干酵母bacteria:细菌malolactic bacteria(mlb) :乳酸菌lactic acid bacteria(lab) :乳酸菌acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程transpiration:蒸腾作用evaporation:蒸发photosynthesis:光合作用maillard reaction :麦拉德反应veraison:转色期saturation:饱和alcoholic fermentation(af) :酒精发酵stuck (sluggish) fermentation:发酵停滞primary fermentation:前发酵,主发酵secondary fermentation;二次发酵heterofermentation:异型发酵malolactic fermentation(mlf) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵malo-alcohol fermentation(maf):苹果酸-酒精发酵methode charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法maceration carbonique :co2浸渍发酵whole bunch fermentation :co2浸渍发酵beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法charmat method:罐式香槟法enzymatic browning:酶促褐变acetification:酸败ageing:陈酿sur lies:带酒脚陈酿esterify:酯化saccharify:糖化liquefy:溶解、液化bottle ageing:瓶内陈酿amelioration:原料改良chaptalization:加糖distillation:蒸馏fractional distillation:分馏rectification:精馏clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料betonite:膨润土(皂土)kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土capsule:胶帽tin plat、foil:锡箔pigment:颜料、色素casein:酪蛋白pectin:果胶酶silica gel:硅胶gelatin:明胶isinglass:鱼胶egg white:蛋清albumen:蛋白blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标total acid:总酸titrable acid:滴定酸residul sugar:残糖carbon dioxide:二氧化碳sugar-free extract:干浸出物volatile acid:挥发酸sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫copper(cu):铜iron(fe):铁potassium:钾(k)calcium(ca):钙sodium(na):钠第六部分物质名词methanol:甲醇high alcohol:高级醇polyalcohol:多元醇ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯flavonol:黄酮醇glycine:甘油calcium pectate:果胶酸钙ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素butanol:丁醇isobutanol:正丁醇gastric acid:胃酸propanone:丙酮acetic acid:乙酸formic acid:甲酸,蚁酸phospholipids:磷脂amino acid:氨基酸fatty acid:脂肪酸carbonic acid:碳酸carbohydrate:碳水化合物fixed acid:固定酸tartaric acid:酒石酸malic acid:苹果酸citric acid:柠檬酸lactic acid:乳酸succinic acid:琥珀酸sorbic acid:山梨酸ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸benzyl acid:苯甲酸gallic acid:没食子酸ferulic acid:阿魏酸pcoumaric acid:香豆酸glucose, dextrose ,grape sugar:葡萄糖fructose, fruit sugar:果糖cane sugar, short sweetening:蔗糖polysaccharides:水解多糖starch :淀粉amylase:淀粉酶foam:泡沫protein:蛋白质mercaptan:硫醇thiamine:硫胺(vb1)ammonium salt:铵盐melanoidinen:类黑精glycerol:甘油,丙三醇copper citrate:柠檬酸铜copper sulphate:硫酸铜hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)catechins:儿茶酚low flavour threshold:香味阈值maillard reaction:美拉德反应volatile phenols:挥发性酚vanillan:香子兰vanillin:香草醛,香兰素linalool:里那醇,沉香醇geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇pyranic acid:丙酮酸furan aldehydes:呋喃醛eugenol:丁香酚guaiacol:愈创木酚carbohydrate degradation products:碳水化合物降解物cellulose:纤维素hemicellulose:半纤维素hemicellulase:半纤维素酶maltol:落叶松皮素oak lactone:橡木内酯hydrolysable tannins:水解单宁ellagitannins:鞣花单宁proanthocyanidin:原花色素relative astringency(ra):相对涩性lagic acid:鞣花酸polypetide nitrogen:多肽氮oxido-reduction potential:氧化还原电位condenced phenols:聚合多酚poly-phenols:多酚pvp(p):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮anthocyanin:花青素alcohol, ethanol:乙醇invert sugar 转化糖oxygen:氧气ester:酯类物质nitrogen:氮气aroma:果香virus:病毒bacteriophage:噬菌体body:酒体byproduct:副产物potassium bitartrate(kht):酒石酸氢钾potassium sorbate:山梨酸钾diammonium phosphate:磷酸氢二铵potassium meta-bisulfite (k2s2o5):偏重亚硫酸钾tannin:单宁oak tannins:橡木丹宁undesired (excessive )tannins:劣质单宁desired tannins:优质单宁enzyme:酶laccase:漆酶polyphenol oxidase(ppo) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白lees:酒泥chateau:酒庄bulk wine、raw wine:原酒hygiene:卫生activated carbon:活性碳currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备filtrate(filtration):过滤two-way pump:双向泵screw pump:螺杆泵centrifuge:离心机distillation:蒸馏heat exchanger:热交换器crusher:破碎机destemer:除梗机presser:压榨机atmosphere presser:气囊压榨机screw presser:连续压榨机filter:过滤机bottling line:灌装线plate filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)vacuum filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)depth filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)cross filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)membrane filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)sterile filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)pocket filtration(filter):袋滤(机)rotary machine:转瓶机pomace draining:出渣blending:调配racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)decanting:倒灌(瓶)remuage:吐渣fining:下胶deacidification:降酸pump over:循环skin contact:浸皮(渍)mix colors:调色oxidative ageing method:氧化陈酿法reducing ageing method:还原陈酿法stabilization:稳定性ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)headspace:顶空ntu:浊度receiving bin:接收槽corkscrew:开瓶器distilling column:蒸馏塔condenser:冷凝器heat exchanger:热交换器cork:软木塞cellar:酒窖wine showroom:葡萄酒陈列室optical density(od):光密度metal crown lid:皇冠盖blanket:隔氧层pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药grape nursery:葡萄苗圃graft:嫁接苗scion:接穗seedling:自根苗disease:病害botrytis:灰霉病downy mildew:霜霉病powdery mildew:白粉病fan leaf:扇叶病毒病anthracnose:炭疽病mild powder:灰腐病black rotten:黑腐病noble rot:贵腐病pearls:皮尔斯病phylloxera:根瘤蚜nematode:线虫bird damage:鸟害pest:昆虫lime sulphur:石硫合剂nursery:营养钵herbicide:除草剂pesticide:杀虫剂fungicide:真菌剂bordeaux mixture:波尔多液microclimate:微气候variety:品种cluster:果穗rachis:穗轴scion:接穗rootstock:砧木grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词enology:葡萄酒酿造学pomology:果树学vinification:葡萄酒酿造法wine-making:葡萄酒酿造ampelography:葡萄品种学viniculture:葡萄栽培学wine chemistry 葡萄酒化学enologist,winemaker:酿酒师vintage:年份inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)mog(material other than grapes):杂物terpene:萜烯terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:a.o.c:法定产区葡萄酒v.d.q.s:优良产区葡萄酒v.d.p:地区餐酒v.d.t:日常餐酒第十一部分葡萄分类及部分品种一、葡萄分类vitaceae:葡萄科vine:葡萄树american vine:美洲种葡萄franco-american:欧美杂交种hybrid:杂交品种wild grape(vine):野生葡萄cultivar:栽培品种wine grape:酿酒葡萄table grape:鲜食葡萄seedless grape:无核(籽)葡萄grape(vine) variety:葡萄品种二、红葡萄品种:cabernet sauvignon(france):赤霞珠cabernet franc(france):品丽珠cabernet gernischt(france) :蛇龙珠carignan:佳利酿sinsaut(france) :神索gamay(france) :佳美grenache(spain) :歌海娜merlot(france) :梅鹿辄petit verdot (france) :味尔多pinot noir(france) :黑比诺ruby cabernet(america) :宝石解百纳sangiovese(italy) :桑娇维塞syrah(france) :西拉zinfandel(america) :增芳德muscat hamburg:玫瑰香saperavi(former soviet union):晚红蜜三、白葡萄品种:aligote(france) :阿里高特chardonney(france) :霞多丽chenin blanc(france) :白诗南traminer(germany) :琼瑶浆italian riesling:贵人香grey risling:灰雷司令white riesling(germany) :白雷司令muller-thurgau(germany) :米勒muscat blanc:白麝香pinot blanc(france:)白品乐sauvignon blanc(france) :长相思selillon(france) :赛美蓉silvaner(germany) :西万尼ugni blanc(france) :白玉霓folle blanche(france) :白福尔colombard(france) :鸽笼白long yan(china,changcheng):龙眼rkatsiteli (former soviet union):白羽四、染色品种:alicante bouschet(france) :紫北塞yan 73(china,changyu) :烟73yan 74(china,changyu) :烟74第十二部分葡萄酒品尝taste:品尝clarity:清澈、透明transparent:透明的sensation;感觉bitter flavors:苦味off-flavor, off-smell, odour:异味stemmy:果梗味reduction smell:还原味oxidative smell:氧化味harmony:协调性odour:气味olfactory:嗅觉的scent:植物香气aroma:果香bouquet:酒香body:酒体perception:感觉amber:琥珀色的ruby:宝石红色tawny:黄褐色violet:紫罗兰色pink:紫红色brown:褐色的round:圆润的full:完整的、丰满的harmonious:协调的supple:柔顺的soft:柔软的smooth:平滑的mellower:醇美的lively:充满活力的rich:饱满的,馥郁的fine:细腻的fresh:清新的well-balanced:平衡良好的subtle:微妙的, 精细的velvety:柔软的、温和的、柔顺的fragrant:芳香的、香气幽雅的flowery:花香的syrupy:美妙的、甜美的mellow:甘美的、圆润的、松软的luscious:甘美的、芬芳的tranquil:恬静的spicy:辛辣的tart:尖酸的harsh,hard:粗糙的lighter:清淡的、轻盈的thin:单薄的flat:平淡的unbalanced:不平衡的spoiled,unsound:败坏的fuller:浓郁的vinous:酒香的coarse:粗糙的、粗劣的piquant:开胃的、辛辣的tart:尖酸的、刻薄的astringent:收敛的、苦涩的conflict:不和谐的stale:走味的,沉滞的dull:呆滞的、无活力的sulphur taste:硫味hydrogen sulphide odour:硫化氢味taste of lees:酒泥味mousiness:鼠臭味corked taste,corkiness,corky:木塞味ouldy taste,musty taste:霉味cooked taste:老化味resinous:树脂味casky (woody )taste:橡木味,木味smoke taste:烟熏味metallic flavour:金属味earthy taste:泥土味herbaceous taste:青草味after taste:后味第十三部分葡萄酒欣赏与服务wine bar:酒吧sommelier:斟酒服务员label:酒标water jar:斟酒壶wine funnel:斟酒漏斗decanter:细颈玻璃壶beverage:饮料soft drink:软饮料tumbler:大酒杯、酒桶palate:味觉、鉴赏力bouquet:香味ice-bucket:冰桶fruity:果味的subside:沉淀物第十四部分葡萄酒营养物质名词nutrition:营养素free amino nitrogen(fan) :游离氨基酸氮sterol:甾醇vitamin:维生素tocopherol:ve,生育酚thiamine:vb1,硫胺素flavin:黄素riboflavin:vb2,核黄素nicotinic acid:烟酸第十五部分葡萄酒分析determination:检测titration:滴定dilute:稀释litmus paper:石蕊试纸reagent:试剂goggle:护目镜flask:烧瓶beaker:烧杯(带倾口)distilled water:蒸馏水hydrometer:液体比重计refractometer:手持糖量仪high performance liquid chromatography (hplc):高效液相色谱paper chromatography:纸层析法specific gravity:比重sodium hydroxide:氢氧化钠(naoh)potassium hydrogen phthalate:邻苯二甲酸氢钾phenolphthalein:酚酞pipette:移液管erlenmeyer flask:锥形烧瓶activated charcoal:活性碳whatman filter paper:沃特曼滤纸ph-meter:ph计titration end-point:滴定终点buffer solution:缓冲液potassium hydrogen tartrate:酒石酸氢钾calibrate:校准electrode:电极starch indicator:淀粉指示剂sulphuric acid:硫酸pyrex beaker:耐热烧杯potassium iodide:碘化钾(ki)sodium thiosulphate:硫代硫酸钠(nas2so3)hydrogen peroxide:过氧化氢(h2o2)orthophosphoric acid:正磷酸methyl-red:甲基红ebullioscope(ebullimeter):酒精计thermometer:温度计pycnometer:比重瓶formic acid:甲酸(蚁酸)sodium formate:甲酸钠bromophenol blue:溴酚蓝agar plating:琼脂平板培养基chocolate agar:巧克力琼脂corn meal agar:玉米粉琼脂egg albumin agar:卵蛋白琼脂glycerin agar:甘油琼脂malt agar:麦芽汁琼脂(培养基)nutrient agar:营养琼脂plain agar:普通琼脂starch agar:淀粉琼脂potato-dextrose agar(p.d.a):土豆-葡萄糖培养基autoclave:高压锅,灭菌锅petri dishes:灭菌盘low-magnification microscope:低倍显微镜micro-loop:接种环micro-needle:接种针alcohol lamp:酒精灯第十六部分葡萄酒病害copper casse:铜破败病ferric casse:铁破败病proteinic casse:蛋白质破败病blue casse:蓝色破败病white casse:白色破败病oxidasic casse:氧化酶破败病micobial disease:细菌病害mannitic disease:甘露醇病。

品酒所用的专业背名字

品酒所用的专业背名字

品酒所用的专业背名字品酒,是一门探索葡萄酒之美的艺术。

在品鉴葡萄酒的过程中,我们会用到一系列专业术语来描述葡萄酒的各个方面。

以下是10个与品酒专业背景相关的术语,涵盖了香气、口感、余味、酒体、单宁、层次感、酸度、甜度、酒精度和颜色等方面:1. 香气(Aroma):葡萄酒散发出的芬芳气味,分为直接香气和复杂香气。

直接香气指的是葡萄酒刚刚倒入杯中时的气味,而复杂香气则是经过一段时间后逐渐展现出来的气味。

2. 口感(Mouthfeel):指葡萄酒在口腔中的触感,包括质地、油润感、饱满度等。

口感可以反映葡萄酒的酒体、酸度、单宁等成分的平衡与和谐程度。

3. 余味(Aftertaste):指葡萄酒咽下后留在口腔中的味道和感受,包括味道的持久性、余香的丰富程度等。

余味是评价葡萄酒品质的重要指标之一。

4. 酒体(Body):指葡萄酒在口感上的重量和质感,与葡萄酒的酒精含量、糖分、单宁和酸度等成分有关。

酒体轻盈、中等或饱满分别给人以轻盈、柔和或丰满的口感。

5. 单宁(Tannin):来自葡萄皮和籽中的一种天然物质,具有涩感。

单宁是红葡萄酒中重要的成分,影响葡萄酒的结构和陈年潜力。

6. 层次感(Complexity):指葡萄酒香气的丰富程度和多变性,以及味道之间的微妙差异。

层次感有助于使葡萄酒更加有趣和引人入胜。

7. 酸度(Acidity):指葡萄酒中含有的酸性物质,如醋酸、柠檬酸等。

酸度是葡萄酒的重要成分之一,有助于增强葡萄酒的口感清爽度和平衡度。

8. 甜度(Sweetness):指葡萄酒中含有的残糖量。

不同类型的葡萄酒含糖量不同,从干型到甜型依次递增。

甜度可以影响葡萄酒的整体口感和平衡度。

9. 酒精度(Alcohol Content):指葡萄酒中含有的酒精浓度,通常以百分比表示。

酒精度是葡萄酒的重要参数之一,影响葡萄酒的口感和风味特点。

10. 颜色(Color):指葡萄酒的颜色和透明度。

不同类型的葡萄酒颜色不同,从淡黄色到紫红色不等。

最新葡萄酒鉴赏术语大全

最新葡萄酒鉴赏术语大全

最新葡萄酒鉴赏术语大全葡萄酒圈子有其专有的词汇。

学习葡萄酒专业术语,不仅能够理解酒品家所说的葡萄酒风味和芳香特性,有助于选购自己喜欢的葡萄酒,还能自己描述葡萄酒的风味特性,与其他葡萄酒爱好者共同交流。

下面本文根据英文中关于葡萄酒鉴赏词汇首字母排序A—Z进行了归纳.【A】1.醋酸的(Acetic):所有的葡萄酒都多少会带点酸味,有点像醋的味道。

醋酸是葡萄酒的挥发酸,太多醋酸会破坏葡萄酒的口感2.酸的(Acidic):这个词形容的是酸度适宜且令人神清气爽的葡萄酒。

所有的葡萄酒都需要一定的酸性,不过,酸度过高的葡萄酒口感太尖锐,酸度太低则显得葡萄酒结构松垮。

3.酸度(Acidity):葡萄酒中有各种各样的酸,包括柠檬酸、酒石酸、苹果酸和乳酸。

产自温暖或炎热气候的葡萄酒酸含量少,酸度低;来自寒冷气候的葡萄酒则酸含量丰富,酸度高。

4.余味(Aftertaste):余味即品尝葡萄酒后萦绕于口腔的味道和感觉,是判断一款葡萄酒好坏的重要标准之一。

余味越悠长,酒的品质越好(当然是指令人愉悦的味道).5.陈年(Age):有些具有陈年潜力的葡萄酒,装瓶后放入酒窖陈年,其品质能够得到提升.6.浓烈的(aggressive):指葡萄酒酸度过高,或单宁粗糙。

7.美国法定葡萄种植区(American Viticultural Area,AVA):负责管理酿酒业的美国酒类、烟草和武器管理局(现为美国联邦酒精烟草税务贸易局,简称 TTB)在借鉴旧世界国家葡萄酒原产地概念的基础上制定了 AVA 制度。

与法国 AOC 制度并不相同,AVA 不划分等级,只是对地理位置的划分,为了将其区别于周围产区.8.尖刻的(Angular):这种葡萄酒一般也是酒体清瘦的。

这与酒体厚实,丰满圆润的葡萄酒相反。

9.芳香(Aroma):一般用于形容年轻的葡萄酒所散发的香气。

10.收敛性(Astringent):具有收敛性的葡萄酒也具有较高的单宁(单宁粗糙或尖锐,通常是由未完全成熟的酿酒葡萄所酿造出来的)。

葡萄酒专业英文词汇

葡萄酒专业英文词汇

葡萄酒专业英文词汇————————————————————————————————作者: ————————————————————————————————日期:ﻩ葡萄酒专业英文词汇第一部分葡萄酒分类Dryred wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-drywine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortifiedwine:加强葡萄酒Flavoredwine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine(Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruitbrandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grapebrandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒V odka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeasthulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB):乳酸菌Lacticacid bacteria(LAB):乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用MaillardReaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish)Fermentation:发酵停滞PrimaryFermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolacticfermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymaticbrowning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Eggwhite:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar-freeextract:干浸出物Volatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Totalsulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Freesulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂AminoAcid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物FixedAcid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸MalicAcid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbicacid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzylacid:苯甲酸Gallicacid:没食子酸FerulicAcid:阿魏酸Pcoumaricacid:香豆酸Glucose,Dextrose ,GrapeSugar:葡萄糖Fructose,FruitSugar:果糖CaneSugar,Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogensulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel):橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low FlavourThreshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应V olatilePhenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚CarbohydrateDegradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素OakLactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性LagicAcid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reductionPotential:氧化还原电位CondencedPhenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇InvertSugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物PotassiumBitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾PotassiumSorbate:山梨酸钾DiammoniumPhosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite(K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired(Excessive)Tannins:劣质单宁Desiredtannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO):多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulkwine、Rawwine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activatedcarbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-wayPump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏HeatExchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线PlateFiltration(filter):板框过滤(机)VacuumFiltration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)SterileFiltration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色OxidativeAgeingMethod:氧化陈酿法Reducing AgeingMethod:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noblerot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒德国:1.Tafelwein:日常餐酒;2.Landwein:地区餐酒;3. Qualitaetswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete:简称QbA,优质葡萄酒;4. Qualitaetsweinmit Praedikat:简称QmP,特别优质酒。

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产) Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒V odka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法) Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法) Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土) Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar-free extract:干浸出物Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1) Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶) Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应V olatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机) Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机) Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机) CrossFiltration(filter):错流过滤(机) Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机) Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机) Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机) Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚) Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶) Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物) MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒德国:1. Tafelwein:日常餐酒;2. Landwein:地区餐酒;3. Qualitaetswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete:简称QbA,优质葡萄酒;4. Qualitaetswein mit Praedikat:简称QmP,特别优质酒。

葡萄酒专业英语词汇

葡萄酒专业英语词汇

葡萄酒专业英语词汇第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒V ermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒V odka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar-free extract:干浸出物V olatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应V olatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰V anillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)V acuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒德国:1. Tafelwein:日常餐酒;2. Landwein:地区餐酒;3. Qualitaetswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete:简称QbA,优质葡萄酒;4. Qualitaetswein mit Praedikat:简称QmP,特别优质酒。

葡萄酒基础专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒基础专业词汇中英文对照

第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi—dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产) Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒Vodka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France):科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain):雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙) BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB):乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB):乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF):苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo—Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸—酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar—free extract:干浸出物Volatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应Volatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:.牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido—reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly—phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta—bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO):多酚氧化酶β—glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β—glucanase:β—葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two—way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机) Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机) Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine—making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A。

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒Vodka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar-free extract:干浸出物Volatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应Volatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国::法定产区葡萄酒:优良产区葡萄酒:地区餐酒:日常餐酒德国:1. Tafelwein:日常餐酒;2. Landwein:地区餐酒;3. Qualitaetswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete:简称QbA,优质葡萄酒;4. Qualitaetswein mit Praedikat:简称QmP,特别优质酒。

最新葡萄酒专业英语词汇(很全的)

最新葡萄酒专业英语词汇(很全的)

葡萄酒专业词汇第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒V odka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2 浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2 浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle ageing:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar-free extract:干浸出物V olatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应V olatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度MetalCrown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒第十一部分葡萄分类及部分品种一、葡萄分类Vitaceae:葡萄科Vine:葡萄树American Vine:美洲种葡萄Franco-american:欧美杂交种Hybrid:杂交品种Wild Grape(Vine):野生葡萄Cultivar:栽培品种Wine Grape:酿酒葡萄Table Grape:鲜食葡萄Seedless Grape:无核(籽)葡萄Grape(Vine) Variety:葡萄品种二、红葡萄品种:Cabernet Sauvignon(France):赤霞珠Cabernet Franc(France):品丽珠Cabernet Gernischt(France) :蛇龙珠Carignan:佳利酿Sinsaut(France) :神索Gamay(France) :佳美Grenache(Spain) :歌海娜Merlot(France) :梅鹿辄Petit Verdot (France) :味尔多Pinot Noir(France) :黑比诺Ruby Cabernet(America) :宝石解百纳Sangiovese(Italy) :桑娇维塞Syrah(France) :西拉Zinfandel(America) :增芳德Muscat Hamburg:玫瑰香Saperavi(Former Soviet Union):晚红蜜三、白葡萄品种:Aligote(France) :阿里高特Chardonney(France) :霞多丽Chenin Blanc(France) :白诗南Traminer(Germany) :琼瑶浆Italian Riesling:贵人香Grey Risling:灰雷司令White Riesling(Germany) :白雷司令Muller-Thurgau(germany) :米勒Muscat Blanc:白麝香Pinot Blanc(France:)白品乐Sauvignon Blanc(France) :长相思Selillon(France) :赛美蓉Silvaner(Germany) :西万尼Ugni Blanc(France) :白玉霓Folle Blanche(France) :白福尔Colombard(France) :鸽笼白Long Yan(China,Changcheng):龙眼Rkatsiteli (Former Soviet Union):白羽四、染色品种:Alicante Bouschet(France) :紫北塞Yan 73(China,Changyu) :烟73 Yan 74(China,Changyu) :烟74第十二部分葡萄酒品尝Taste:品尝Clarity:清澈、透明Transparent:透明的Sensation;感觉Bitter Flavors:苦味Off-flavor, Off-smell, Odour:异味Stemmy:果梗味Reduction Smell:还原味Oxidative Smell:氧化味Harmony:协调性Odour:气味Olfactory:嗅觉的Scent:植物香气Aroma:果香Bouquet:酒香Body:酒体Perception:感觉Amber:琥珀色的Ruby:宝石红色Tawny:黄褐色Violet:紫罗兰色Pink:紫红色Brown:褐色的Round:圆润的Full:完整的、丰满的Harmonious:协调的Supple:柔顺的Soft:柔软的Smooth:平滑的Mellower:醇美的Lively:充满活力的Rich:饱满的,馥郁的Fine:细腻的Fresh:清新的Well-balanced:平衡良好的Subtle:微妙的, 精细的Velvety:柔软的、温和的、柔顺的Fragrant:芳香的、香气幽雅的Flowery:花香的Syrupy:美妙的、甜美的Mellow:甘美的、圆润的、松软的Luscious:甘美的、芬芳的Tranquil:恬静的Spicy:辛辣的Tart:尖酸的Harsh,Hard:粗糙的Lighter:清淡的、轻盈的Thin:单薄的Flat:平淡的Unbalanced:不平衡的Spoiled,Unsound:败坏的Fuller:浓郁的Vinous:酒香的Coarse:粗糙的、粗劣的Piquant:开胃的、辛辣的Tart:尖酸的、刻薄的Astringent:收敛的、苦涩的Conflict:不和谐的Stale:走味的,沉滞的Dull:呆滞的、无活力的Sulphur Taste:硫味Hydrogen Sulphide odour:硫化氢味Taste of Lees:酒泥味Mousiness:鼠臭味Corked Taste,Corkiness,Corky:木塞味ouldy Taste,Musty Taste:霉味Cooked Taste:老化味Resinous:树脂味Casky (Woody )Taste:橡木味,木味Smoke Taste:烟熏味Metallic Flavour:金属味Earthy Taste:泥土味Herbaceous Taste:青草味After Taste:后味第十三部分葡萄酒欣赏与服务Wine Bar:酒吧Sommelier:斟酒服务员Label:酒标Water Jar:斟酒壶Wine Funnel:斟酒漏斗Decanter:细颈玻璃壶Beverage:饮料Soft Drink:软饮料Tumbler:大酒杯、酒桶Palate:味觉、鉴赏力Bouquet:香味Ice-Bucket:冰桶Fruity:果味的Subside:沉淀物第十四部分葡萄酒营养物质名词Nutrition:营养素Free Amino Nitrogen(FAN) :游离氨基酸氮Sterol:甾醇Vitamin:维生素Tocopherol:VE,生育酚Thiamine:VB1,硫胺素Flavin:黄素Riboflavin:VB2,核黄素Nicotinic Acid:烟酸第十五部分葡萄酒分析Determination:检测Titration:滴定Dilute:稀释Litmus Paper:石蕊试纸Reagent:试剂Goggle:护目镜Flask:烧瓶Beaker:烧杯(带倾口)Distilled Water:蒸馏水Hydrometer:液体比重计Refractometer:手持糖量仪High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC):高效液相色谱Paper Chromatography:纸层析法Specific Gravity:比重Sodium Hydroxide:氢氧化钠(NaOH)Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate:邻苯二甲酸氢钾Phenolphthalein:酚酞Pipette:移液管Erlenmeyer Flask:锥形烧瓶Activated Charcoal:活性碳Whatman Filter Paper:沃特曼滤纸PH-meter:PH 计Titration End-point:滴定终点Buffer Solution:缓冲液Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate:酒石酸氢钾Calibrate:校准Electrode:电极Starch Indicator:淀粉指示剂Sulphuric Acid:硫酸Pyrex Beaker:耐热烧杯Potassium Iodide:碘化钾(KI)Sodium Thiosulphate:硫代硫酸钠(NaS2SO3)Hydrogen Peroxide:过氧化氢(H2O2)Orthophosphoric Acid:正磷酸Methyl-red:甲基红Ebullioscope(Ebullimeter):酒精计Thermometer:温度计Pycnometer:比重瓶Formic Acid:甲酸(蚁酸)Sodium Formate:甲酸钠Bromophenol Blue:溴酚蓝Agar Plating:琼脂平板培养基Chocolate Agar:巧克力琼脂Corn Meal Agar:玉米粉琼脂Egg Albumin Agar:卵蛋白琼脂Glycerin Agar:甘油琼脂Malt Agar:麦芽汁琼脂(培养基) Nutrient Agar:营养琼脂Plain Agar:普通琼脂Starch Agar:淀粉琼脂Potato-dextrose Agar(P.D.A):土豆-葡萄糖培养基Autoclave:高压锅,灭菌锅Petri Dishes:灭菌盘Low-magnification Microscope:低倍显微镜Micro-loop:接种环Micro-needle:接种针Alcohol Lamp:酒精灯第十六部分葡萄酒病害Copper Casse:铜破败病Ferric Casse:铁破败病Proteinic Casse:蛋白质破败病Blue Casse:蓝色破败病White Casse:白色破败病Oxidasic Casse:氧化酶破败病Micobial Disease:细菌病害Mannitic Disease:甘露醇病。

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi—sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine(Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒V odka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France):科尼亚克白兰地(法) Armagnac(France):阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB):乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF):酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish)Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸—乳酸发酵Malo—Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸—酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar—free extract:干浸出物V olatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose,Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose,Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应V olatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido—reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly—phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO):多酚氧化酶β—glucosidase:β—葡(萄)糖苷酶β—glucanase:β—葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机) Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机) Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机) Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶) Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine—making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A。

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照

葡萄酒专业词汇中英文对照第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒Vodka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清。

葡萄酒专业术语

葡萄酒专业术语

葡萄酒专业术语1.酸度(Acidity)葡萄的天然酸味。

是葡萄酒的主要成分及令人垂涎的因素。

2.平衡(Balance)葡萄酒内整体成分(包括酸度、酒精度、单宁等)酒体平衡以上成分不会出现哪一成分特别突出的3.膨土岩(Bentonite)中性粉末状粘土,用以凝固葡萄酒会发出的蛋白质。

令酒味更稳定及色泽清澈4.性格(Character)用以形容酒的特质,通常与某些特别葡萄酒品种有关5.干酒(Dry)用以形容没有甜味的葡萄酒,通常葡萄酒中残余的糖分不会超过每公升四克。

6.发酵(Fermentation)葡萄天然糖分发酵成酒精及二氧化碳的过程,当中有时要加入酵母以提高酒精度7.过滤(Filtering)在红酒还未装瓶前,要通过过滤方法来净化葡萄酒液。

酵母细胞及其他杂质在此时也会被移除8.细炼过程澄清(Fining)蛋白质(例如鸡蛋)会被加入葡萄酒酒液中来移除多余的多余的酵质,细炼过程能巩固葡萄酒单宁度、帮助移除悬浮物质,从而改善葡萄酒的清澈度,细练的品质会附着杂质并沉淀至木桶底部。

9.橡木桶(OAKENCASK)葡萄酒的重要容器,早其主要用于运输和贮藏,后期随着玻璃瓶的大量使用,主要成为年酿酒工具,它是红酒的第一个子宫,在长期的切身体厮磨中赋予了红酒更丰富的生命。

当然,它也是大多数行外人对高档红酒的第一憧憬和联想。

橡木桶不仅完成陈酿过程中储存功能,更会不断的将自身所含的单宁等微妙元素渗入葡萄酒中,共同调和了葡萄酒最终丰满的口感。

10.单宁(TANNIN)化学组织,葡萄酒中所含的酚化合物中的一种,主要来自于葡萄的皮、籽和梗,还有储酒的橡木桶。

进入红酒领域最先遇到也是最容易遇到的陌生专业词汇。

非化学科的朋友认知单宁最简单的方式就是:选一瓶年轻一些的红酒,入口中后用舌头搅拌品位你能感觉到的“干涩”正是它。

其实正是单宁这一令业余朋友最陌生的物质,决定了酒最为重要的风味、结构与质地。

11.酒窖(CELLAR)葡萄酒最重要的储藏空间,常见于地下,阴暗而凉爽,保持恒温在摄氏11度至15度之间,湿度70%---75%,安静而无异味。

葡萄酒专业英语词汇

葡萄酒专业英语词汇

葡萄酒专业英语词汇第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒V ermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒V odka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle aging:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar-free extract:干浸出物V olatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应V olatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰V anillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)V acuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度Metal Crown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒德国:1. Tafelwein:日常餐酒;2. Landwein:地区餐酒;3. Qualitaetswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete:简称QbA,优质葡萄酒;4. Qualitaetswein mit Praedikat:简称QmP,特别优质酒。

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葡萄酒专业词汇第一部分葡萄酒分类Dry red wine:干红葡萄酒Semi-dry wine:半干葡萄酒Dry white wine:干白葡萄酒Rose wine:桃红葡萄酒Sweet wine:甜型葡萄酒Semi-sweet wine:半甜葡萄酒Still wine:静止葡萄酒Sparkling wine:起泡葡萄酒Claret:新鲜桃红葡萄酒(波尔多产)Botrytised wine:贵腐葡萄酒Fortified wine:加强葡萄酒Flavored wine:加香葡萄酒Brut wine:天然葡萄酒Carbonated wine:加气起泡葡萄酒Appetizer wine( Aperitif):开胃葡萄酒Table wine:佐餐葡萄酒Dessert wine:餐后葡萄酒Champagne:香槟酒Vermouth:味美思Beaujolasis:宝祖利酒Mistelle:密甜尔Wine Cooler:清爽酒Cider:苹果酒Brandy:白兰地Fruit brandy:水果白兰地Pomace Brandy:果渣白兰地Grape brandy:葡萄白兰地Liquor(Liqueur):利口酒Gin:金酒(杜松子酒)Rum:朗姆酒Cocktail:鸡尾酒V odka:伏特加Whisky:威士忌Spirit:酒精,烈酒Cognac(France) :科尼亚克白兰地(法)Armagnac(France) :阿马尼亚克白兰地(法)Sherry(Spain) :雪莉酒(西班牙)Port(Portuguese) :波特酒(葡萄牙)BDX:波尔多红酒第二部分酿酒微生物Yeast:酵母Wild yeast:野生酵母Yeast hulls:酵母菌皮Dry activity yeast:活性干酵母Bacteria:细菌Malolactic bacteria(MLB) :乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria(LAB) :乳酸菌Acetic acid bacteria:醋酸菌Spoilage yeast:败坏酵母第三部分生理生化过程Transpiration:蒸腾作用Evaporation:蒸发Photosynthesis:光合作用Maillard Reaction :麦拉德反应Veraison:转色期Saturation:饱和Alcoholic fermentation(AF) :酒精发酵Stuck (Sluggish) Fermentation:发酵停滞Primary Fermentation:前发酵,主发酵Secondary Fermentation;二次发酵Heterofermentation:异型发酵Malolactic fermentation(MLF) :苹果酸-乳酸发酵Malo-Alcohol Fermentation(MAF):苹果酸-酒精发酵Methode Charantaise:夏朗德壶式蒸馏法Maceration Carbonique :CO2 浸渍发酵Whole bunch fermentation :CO2 浸渍发酵Beaujolasis method:宝祖利酿造法Unareobic fermentation:厌氧发酵法Thermovinification:热浸渍酿造法Charmat method:罐式香槟法Enzymatic browning:酶促褐变Acetification:酸败Ageing:陈酿Sur lies:带酒脚陈酿Esterify:酯化Saccharify:糖化Liquefy:溶解、液化Bottle ageing:瓶内陈酿Amelioration:原料改良Chaptalization:加糖Distillation:蒸馏Fractional Distillation:分馏Rectification:精馏Clarification:澄清第四部分葡萄酒酿酒辅料Betonite:膨润土(皂土)Kieselgur ,diatomite:硅藻土Capsule:胶帽Tin Plat、Foil:锡箔Pigment:颜料、色素Casein:酪蛋白Pectin:果胶酶Silica gel:硅胶Gelatin:明胶Isinglass:鱼胶Egg white:蛋清Albumen:蛋白Blood powder:血粉第五部分理化指标Total acid:总酸Titrable acid:滴定酸Residul sugar:残糖Carbon dioxide:二氧化碳Sugar-free extract:干浸出物V olatile acid:挥发酸Sulfur dioxide:二氧化硫Total sulfur dioxide:总二氧化硫Free sulfur dioxide:游离二氧化硫Copper(Cu):铜Iron(Fe):铁Potassium:钾(K)Calcium(Ca):钙Sodium(Na):钠第六部分物质名词Methanol:甲醇High Alcohol:高级醇Polyalcohol:多元醇Ethyl acetate:乙酸乙酯Flavonol:黄酮醇Glycine:甘油Calcium Pectate:果胶酸钙Ochratoxin:棕曲霉毒素Butanol:丁醇Isobutanol:正丁醇Gastric Acid:胃酸Propanone:丙酮Acetic Acid:乙酸Formic Acid:甲酸,蚁酸Phospholipids:磷脂Amino Acid:氨基酸Fatty Acid:脂肪酸Carbonic Acid:碳酸Carbohydrate:碳水化合物Fixed Acid:固定酸Tartaric Acid:酒石酸Malic Acid:苹果酸Citric Acid:柠檬酸Lactic Acid:乳酸Succinic Acid:琥珀酸Sorbic acid:山梨酸Ascorbic acid:抗坏血酸Benzyl acid:苯甲酸Gallic acid:没食子酸Ferulic Acid:阿魏酸Pcoumaric acid:香豆酸Glucose, Dextrose ,Grape Sugar:葡萄糖Fructose, Fruit Sugar:果糖Cane Sugar, Short Sweetening:蔗糖Polysaccharides:水解多糖Starch :淀粉Amylase:淀粉酶Foam:泡沫Protein:蛋白质Mercaptan:硫醇Thiamine:硫胺(VB1)Ammonium Salt:铵盐Melanoidinen:类黑精Glycerol:甘油,丙三醇Copper citrate:柠檬酸铜Copper sulphate:硫酸铜Hydrogen sulphide:硫化氢Oak (barrel) :橡木(桶)Catechins:儿茶酚Low Flavour Threshold:香味阈值Maillard Reaction:美拉德反应V olatile Phenols:挥发性酚Vanillan:香子兰Vanillin:香草醛,香兰素Linalool:里那醇,沉香醇Geroniol:牻牛儿醇,香茅醇Pyranic acid:丙酮酸Furan Aldehydes:呋喃醛Eugenol:丁香酚Guaiacol:愈创木酚Carbohydrate Degradation Products:碳水化合物降解物Cellulose:纤维素Hemicellulose:半纤维素Hemicellulase:半纤维素酶Maltol:落叶松皮素Oak Lactone:橡木内酯Hydrolysable Tannins:水解单宁Ellagitannins:鞣花单宁Proanthocyanidin:原花色素Relative Astringency(RA):相对涩性Lagic Acid:鞣花酸Polypetide Nitrogen:多肽氮Oxido-reduction Potential:氧化还原电位Condenced Phenols:聚合多酚Poly-phenols:多酚PVP(P):聚乙烯(聚)吡咯烷酮Anthocyanin:花青素Alcohol, ethanol:乙醇Invert Sugar 转化糖Oxygen:氧气Ester:酯类物质Nitrogen:氮气Aroma:果香Virus:病毒Bacteriophage:噬菌体Body:酒体Byproduct:副产物Potassium Bitartrate(KHT):酒石酸氢钾Potassium Sorbate:山梨酸钾Diammonium Phosphate:磷酸氢二铵Potassium Meta-bisulfite (K2S2O5):偏重亚硫酸钾Tannin:单宁Oak tannins:橡木丹宁Undesired (Excessive )Tannins:劣质单宁Desired tannins:优质单宁Enzyme:酶Laccase:漆酶Polyphenol Oxidase(PPO) :多酚氧化酶β-glucosidase:β-葡(萄)糖苷酶β-glucanase:β-葡聚糖酶Mannoproteins:甘露糖蛋白Lees:酒泥Chateau:酒庄Bulk wine、Raw wine:原酒Hygiene:卫生Activated carbon:活性碳Currant:茶蔗子属植物、无核小葡萄干Raspberry:木莓、山莓、覆盆子、悬钩子第七部分:设备Filtrate(filtration):过滤Two-way Pump:双向泵Screw Pump:螺杆泵Centrifuge:离心机Distillation:蒸馏Heat Exchanger:热交换器Crusher:破碎机Destemer:除梗机Presser:压榨机Atmosphere Presser:气囊压榨机Screw Presser:连续压榨机Filter:过滤机Bottling Line:灌装线Plate Filtration(filter):板框过滤(机)Vacuum Filtration(filter):真空过滤(机)Depth Filtration(filter):深层过滤(机)Cross Filtration(filter):错流过滤(机)Membrane Filtration(filter):膜过滤(机)Sterile Filtration(filter):除菌过滤(机)Pocket Filtration(filter):袋滤(机)Rotary Machine:转瓶机Pomace Draining:出渣Blending:调配Racking:分离(皮渣、酒脚)Decanting:倒灌(瓶)Remuage:吐渣Fining:下胶Deacidification:降酸Pump over:循环Skin Contact:浸皮(渍)Mix colors:调色Oxidative Ageing Method:氧化陈酿法Reducing Ageing Method:还原陈酿法Stabilization:稳定性Ullage:未盛满酒的罐(桶)Headspace:顶空NTU:浊度Receiving bin:接收槽Corkscrew:开瓶器Distilling Column:蒸馏塔Condenser:冷凝器Heat Exchanger:热交换器Cork:软木塞Cellar:酒窖Wine Showroom:葡萄酒陈列室Optical Density(OD):光密度MetalCrown Lid:皇冠盖Blanket:隔氧层Pasteurisation:巴斯德杀菌法第八部分:原料、病虫害、农药Grape Nursery:葡萄苗圃Graft:嫁接苗Scion:接穗Seedling:自根苗Disease:病害Botrytis:灰霉病Downy Mildew:霜霉病Powdery Mildew:白粉病Fan Leaf:扇叶病毒病Anthracnose:炭疽病Mild Powder:灰腐病Black Rotten:黑腐病Noble rot:贵腐病Pearls:皮尔斯病Phylloxera:根瘤蚜Nematode:线虫Bird Damage:鸟害Pest:昆虫Lime Sulphur:石硫合剂Nursery:营养钵Herbicide:除草剂Pesticide:杀虫剂Fungicide:真菌剂Bordeaux mixture:波尔多液Microclimate:微气候Variety:品种Cluster:果穗Rachis:穗轴Scion:接穗Rootstock:砧木Grafting:嫁接第九部分:学科名词Enology:葡萄酒酿造学Pomology:果树学Vinification:葡萄酒酿造法Wine-making:葡萄酒酿造Ampelography:葡萄品种学Viniculture:葡萄栽培学Wine Chemistry 葡萄酒化学Enologist,Winemaker:酿酒师Vintage:年份Inoculation(inoculum):接种(物)MOG(material other than grapes):杂物Terpene:萜烯Terpenol:萜烯醇第十部分葡萄酒等级法国:A.O.C:法定产区葡萄酒V.D.Q.S:优良产区葡萄酒V.D.P:地区餐酒V.D.T:日常餐酒第十一部分葡萄分类及部分品种一、葡萄分类Vitaceae:葡萄科Vine:葡萄树American Vine:美洲种葡萄Franco-american:欧美杂交种Hybrid:杂交品种Wild Grape(Vine):野生葡萄Cultivar:栽培品种Wine Grape:酿酒葡萄Table Grape:鲜食葡萄Seedless Grape:无核(籽)葡萄Grape(Vine) Variety:葡萄品种二、红葡萄品种:Cabernet Sauvignon(France):赤霞珠Cabernet Franc(France):品丽珠Cabernet Gernischt(France) :蛇龙珠Carignan:佳利酿Sinsaut(France) :神索Gamay(France) :佳美Grenache(Spain) :歌海娜Merlot(France) :梅鹿辄Petit Verdot (France) :味尔多Pinot Noir(France) :黑比诺Ruby Cabernet(America) :宝石解百纳Sangiovese(Italy) :桑娇维塞Syrah(France) :西拉Zinfandel(America) :增芳德Muscat Hamburg:玫瑰香Saperavi(Former Soviet Union):晚红蜜三、白葡萄品种:Aligote(France) :阿里高特Chardonney(France) :霞多丽Chenin Blanc(France) :白诗南Traminer(Germany) :琼瑶浆Italian Riesling:贵人香Grey Risling:灰雷司令White Riesling(Germany) :白雷司令Muller-Thurgau(germany) :米勒Muscat Blanc:白麝香Pinot Blanc(France:)白品乐Sauvignon Blanc(France) :长相思Selillon(France) :赛美蓉Silvaner(Germany) :西万尼Ugni Blanc(France) :白玉霓Folle Blanche(France) :白福尔Colombard(France) :鸽笼白Long Yan(China,Changcheng):龙眼Rkatsiteli (Former Soviet Union):白羽四、染色品种:Alicante Bouschet(France) :紫北塞Yan 73(China,Changyu) :烟73 Yan 74(China,Changyu) :烟74第十二部分葡萄酒品尝Taste:品尝Clarity:清澈、透明Transparent:透明的Sensation;感觉Bitter Flavors:苦味Off-flavor, Off-smell, Odour:异味Stemmy:果梗味Reduction Smell:还原味Oxidative Smell:氧化味Harmony:协调性Odour:气味Olfactory:嗅觉的Scent:植物香气Aroma:果香Bouquet:酒香Body:酒体Perception:感觉Amber:琥珀色的Ruby:宝石红色Tawny:黄褐色Violet:紫罗兰色Pink:紫红色Brown:褐色的Round:圆润的Full:完整的、丰满的Harmonious:协调的Supple:柔顺的Soft:柔软的Smooth:平滑的Mellower:醇美的Lively:充满活力的Rich:饱满的,馥郁的Fine:细腻的Fresh:清新的Well-balanced:平衡良好的Subtle:微妙的, 精细的Velvety:柔软的、温和的、柔顺的Fragrant:芳香的、香气幽雅的Flowery:花香的Syrupy:美妙的、甜美的Mellow:甘美的、圆润的、松软的Luscious:甘美的、芬芳的Tranquil:恬静的Spicy:辛辣的Tart:尖酸的Harsh,Hard:粗糙的Lighter:清淡的、轻盈的Thin:单薄的Flat:平淡的Unbalanced:不平衡的Spoiled,Unsound:败坏的Fuller:浓郁的Vinous:酒香的Coarse:粗糙的、粗劣的Piquant:开胃的、辛辣的Tart:尖酸的、刻薄的Astringent:收敛的、苦涩的Conflict:不和谐的Stale:走味的,沉滞的Dull:呆滞的、无活力的Sulphur Taste:硫味Hydrogen Sulphide odour:硫化氢味Taste of Lees:酒泥味Mousiness:鼠臭味Corked Taste,Corkiness,Corky:木塞味ouldy Taste,Musty Taste:霉味Cooked Taste:老化味Resinous:树脂味Casky (Woody )Taste:橡木味,木味Smoke Taste:烟熏味Metallic Flavour:金属味Earthy Taste:泥土味Herbaceous Taste:青草味After Taste:后味第十三部分葡萄酒欣赏与服务Wine Bar:酒吧Sommelier:斟酒服务员Label:酒标Water Jar:斟酒壶Wine Funnel:斟酒漏斗Decanter:细颈玻璃壶Beverage:饮料Soft Drink:软饮料Tumbler:大酒杯、酒桶Palate:味觉、鉴赏力Bouquet:香味Ice-Bucket:冰桶Fruity:果味的Subside:沉淀物第十四部分葡萄酒营养物质名词Nutrition:营养素Free Amino Nitrogen(FAN) :游离氨基酸氮Sterol:甾醇Vitamin:维生素Tocopherol:VE,生育酚Thiamine:VB1,硫胺素Flavin:黄素Riboflavin:VB2,核黄素Nicotinic Acid:烟酸第十五部分葡萄酒分析Determination:检测Titration:滴定Dilute:稀释Litmus Paper:石蕊试纸Reagent:试剂Goggle:护目镜Flask:烧瓶Beaker:烧杯(带倾口)Distilled Water:蒸馏水Hydrometer:液体比重计Refractometer:手持糖量仪High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC):高效液相色谱Paper Chromatography:纸层析法Specific Gravity:比重Sodium Hydroxide:氢氧化钠(NaOH)Potassium Hydrogen Phthalate:邻苯二甲酸氢钾Phenolphthalein:酚酞Pipette:移液管Erlenmeyer Flask:锥形烧瓶Activated Charcoal:活性碳Whatman Filter Paper:沃特曼滤纸PH-meter:PH 计Titration End-point:滴定终点Buffer Solution:缓冲液Potassium Hydrogen Tartrate:酒石酸氢钾Calibrate:校准Electrode:电极Starch Indicator:淀粉指示剂Sulphuric Acid:硫酸Pyrex Beaker:耐热烧杯Potassium Iodide:碘化钾(KI)Sodium Thiosulphate:硫代硫酸钠(NaS2SO3)Hydrogen Peroxide:过氧化氢(H2O2)Orthophosphoric Acid:正磷酸Methyl-red:甲基红Ebullioscope(Ebullimeter):酒精计Thermometer:温度计Pycnometer:比重瓶Formic Acid:甲酸(蚁酸)Sodium Formate:甲酸钠Bromophenol Blue:溴酚蓝Agar Plating:琼脂平板培养基Chocolate Agar:巧克力琼脂Corn Meal Agar:玉米粉琼脂Egg Albumin Agar:卵蛋白琼脂Glycerin Agar:甘油琼脂Malt Agar:麦芽汁琼脂(培养基) Nutrient Agar:营养琼脂Plain Agar:普通琼脂Starch Agar:淀粉琼脂Potato-dextrose Agar(P.D.A):土豆-葡萄糖培养基Autoclave:高压锅,灭菌锅Petri Dishes:灭菌盘Low-magnification Microscope:低倍显微镜Micro-loop:接种环Micro-needle:接种针Alcohol Lamp:酒精灯第十六部分葡萄酒病害Copper Casse:铜破败病Ferric Casse:铁破败病Proteinic Casse:蛋白质破败病Blue Casse:蓝色破败病White Casse:白色破败病Oxidasic Casse:氧化酶破败病Micobial Disease:细菌病害Mannitic Disease:甘露醇病。

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