(完整)全国近五年高考英语真题—语法填空

2015～2011年各省市高考题

Passage 1(2015·新课标全国Ⅰ)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Yangshuo，China

It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours 2 ，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with 3 (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.

I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away 6 car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city.

Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

【语篇导读】桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。

1.解析考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。

2.解析考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier符合句意。

答案before/earlier

3.解析考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。

答案its

4.解析考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从句。先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters，关系词在从句中作主语，因此答案为that/ which。

答案that/ which

5.解析考查名词的复数。“so many＋复数名词”为一常用短语。

答案paintings

6.解析考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知，这只是驱车一小时的路程。“by＋交通工具名词”为一固定短语。

答案by

7.解析考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件，属客观事实，要用一般现在时，由于主语是单数第三人称形式，因此答案为is。

答案is

8.解析考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study与conduct之间为动宾关系，故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外，by是解题的关键词，conducted by...意为“由……所做的”。

答案conducted

9.解析考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange，故要用其副词形式。

10.解析考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。

答案living

Passage 2(2015·新课标全国Ⅱ)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The adobe dwellings(土坯房) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air condition”a house without 4 (use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot day：7 the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑，简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。

1.解析考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings与动词build之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。又由by一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意义的过去分词。

答案built

2.解析考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式，故填定冠词。

答案the