提高记忆力的十一种方法(转载)

提高记忆力的十一种方法

1. Focus your attention on the materials you are studying.

将集中注意力于你正在学习的材料

Attention is one of the major components of memory. In order for information to move from short-term memory into long-term memory, you need to actively attend to this information. Try to study in a place free of distractions such as television, music, and other diversions.

注意力是记忆的主要成分之一。为了使信息从短期记忆转化为长期记忆，你需要积极地记忆这个信息。尝试在一个无干扰的地方学习，例如一个没有电视，音乐和其他娱乐活动的地方。

2. Avoid cramming by establishing regular study sessions.

通过建立定期学习避免填鸭式学习。

According to Bjork (2001), studying materials over a number of session's gives you the time you need to adequately process the information. Research has shown that students who study regularly remember the material far better than those who do all of their studying in one marathon session.

根据比约克(2001)，研究材料的会话将给你充分的时间去处理信息。有研究表明，比起那些一口气用很长时间学习的学生，有规律地学习的学生记忆知识点的能力要好得多。

3. Structure and organize the information you are studying.

研究和组织你正在学习的信息。

Try grouping similar concepts and terms together, or make an outline of your notes and textbook readings to help group related concepts.

尝试将类似的概念和术语归于一类，或做一个概述的笔记和课本阅读以帮助归类相关的概念。

4. Utilize mnemonic devices to remember information.

利用记忆装置来记住信息。

Mnemonic devices are a technique often used by students to aid in recall. A mnemonic is simply a way to remember information. For example, you might

associate a term you need to remember with a common item that you are very familiar with. You might come up with a rhyme, song, or joke to help remember a specific segment of information.

记忆装置经常被学生用来帮助回忆。助记是一个简单记住信息的方法。例如，你可能将一个术语与你很熟悉常见的物品联系在一起。你可以想出一个韵律、歌曲、或笑话来帮助记住一段特定的内容。

5. Elaborate and rehearse the information you are studying.

精细复述你学习的内容。

In order to recall information, you need to encode what you are studying into long-term memory. One of the most effective encoding techniques is known as elaborative rehearsal.

为了回忆内容，你需要将你所学的东西转化为长期记忆。其中一个最有效的转化方法，称为精细复述。

6. Relate new information to things you already know.

将新旧内容联系在一起

When you are studying unfamiliar material, take the time to think about how this information relates to things that you already know. By establishing relationships between new ideas and previously existing memories, you can dramatically increase the likelihood of recalling the recently learned information.

当你学习不熟悉的材料时，花时间去思考你已知了的涉及这信息的内容。通过建立新的想法和旧记忆之间的关联，回忆最近了解到的信息的可能性会有很大的提升。

7. Visualize concepts to improve memory and recall.

通过可视化来提高记忆和回忆。

Many people benefit greatly from visualizing the information they study. Pay attention to the photographs, charts, and other graphics in your textbooks. If you do not have visual cues to help, try creating your own. Draw charts or