中考形容词和副词的用法总结

中考形容词和副词的用法总结

形容词和副词都是起修饰作用的词，形容词修饰名词和代词。副词修饰动词，形容词和其他副词或整个句子。

一形容词的构成

1 本身是形容词。如：good，happy等。

2 由名词加y构成：sun—sunny,wind—-windy,rain——rainy,flower—-flowery.

3.由名词+-able,+-ent,+-en,+-al,+-less,+-ful,+-ing,+-ive,等构成，如：comfort—comfortable，differ—different,nation—national, wood—wooden, care—- careful,care—careless, excite—-exciting, act—-active.

4.由名词+ly构成形容词，如：friendly，lonely, lovely，lively,likely,ugly,brotherly, motherly,fatherly,daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early,manly,orderly,deadly,等。

5 复合形容词如：

kind-hearted,warm-hearted,well-educated,good-looking,man-made,Harding-working,peace-lovin g,new-born, snow-white,duty-free.

二形容词的作用

1 做定语修饰名词和代词a good boy，something new,等。

2 做表语，He is happy.

3 作宾语补足语I found him hard-working.

4 作主语补足语He was found hard-working.(被动语态中）

5 做主语或宾语（前面加the）The new replaces the old.新事物代替旧事物。

6伴随状语Tired and hot, we have to stop to have a rest.

三形容词的位置

1 放在所修饰的名词前，a red coat.

2 放在不定代词的后面something important.

3 长宽高深等形容词放在数词+名词的后面，

如：five meters high/deep/wide/long, six years old,

4 enough 放在形容词和副词之后，名词前后均可。big enough,enough time.

5 一些以a-开头的表语形容词不能放在名词前面做定语，要放在名词后做后置定语，如：a man alive活着的人,a awake baby一个醒着的婴儿, a asleep baby一个睡着的婴儿,但是如果这些词本身带有副词修饰时，可以放在名词前面，如 a fast asleep baby 一个熟睡的婴儿the wide awake soldier十分清醒的士兵。

6在下列结构中，形容词要放在冠词前，so/how/as/too+adj.+a/an+n.

It is as pleasant a day as yesterday. How beautiful a park it is

It is too cold a day to go out. He is so clever a boy that heworks out the problem.

只做表语的形容词：ill,sorry,well,pleased,unable,sure,glad.

几组常见形容词的区别1much too,too much 2 hard,hardly 3 too,also,either,as well4 already,yet 5 loud,loudly,aloud6 some time,sometime,some times,sometimes7 ago,before 8 just,just now,now9 so such10 too enough

副词一副词的分类

1时间副词放在句末，，

2 地点副词放句末,地点副词与动词连用时，不加介词，go there,come here,

Turn left,turn right=turn to the right,go east ,go west,go upstairs,go downstairs, go abroad,

go somewhere/anywhere/everywhere, ......

3程度副词放在所修饰的词前面，enough除外

4 频度副词放在be,第一个助动词，情态动词的之后，行为动词之前。

5 关系副词连接定语从句when,where,why

6疑问副词构成特殊疑问句when,where,why,how....

7 连接副词连接名词性从句（宾语从句，表语从句，主语从句等

when ,where,why,how....

注意⚠️方式状语，地点状语，时间状语，按这个顺序

二副词的构成

1 本身是副词very ,rather等。

2与形容词形式一样hard,early，late，high,wide ,deep 等。an early bus,get up early

the late changes,stay up late,200meters high,fly high ,50 feet deep,

on a hard floor,study hard

talk deep into the night谈到深夜，ten minutes late晚十分钟，arrive late, a wide street,open your mouth/eyes wide,be widely used.

3由形容词+ly构成，slow-slowly,quick-quickly,brave-,bravely,clear-clearly.

4 部分以-e结尾的形容词,去e+ly,构成副词。true-truly , possible-possibly, terrible-terribly,simple-simply,probable-probably. widely

5 以辅音字母+y结尾的单词，变副词要把y改成i再加ly,如：happy-happily。

6本身是副词，加上ly以后意义不同。

late lately ,hard hardly,close closely,like likely,deep deeply,high highly,wide widely,

goog ——well

三副词的作用

1作状语修饰动词rain heavily ,修饰形容词原形的词too,rather ,very,so quite ,修饰其他副词too fast,

修饰介词just behind the door,修饰从句This is exactly what I need,修饰其他词almost everyone,nearly 100 people,等。

2做后置定语the girl there,the population here.

3作表语，Who is in?

4作补语Let him out.

5 作介宾from abroad/here

几组常见副词的用法区别

1much too,too much 2 hard hardly 3 too ,also either, as well 4 already ,yet 5 loud,loudly6 some times ,sometimes,sometime,some time 7 too ,enough 8 ago before 9just,just now ,now10 so, such

形容词和副词的比较级最高级形式