英语修辞法 figures of speech

英语修辞作业

I. Transference of Terms of Rhetorical Devices.

1. Transference of Terms of Rhetorical Devices from English to Chinese

Simile------明喻 Allusion------引喻

Personification------拟人 Parallelism------平行

Synaesthesia------通感 Oxymoron------矛盾修饰法

Synecdoche------提喻 Anticlimax------突降

Euphemism------委婉语 Alliteration------头韵

Metaphor------隐喻 Antithesis------对照

Transferred Epithet------移就 Paradox------隽语

Metonymy------转喻 climax------层递

Understatement------低调陈述 Repetition------重复

Hyperbole------夸张 Assonance------元韵

2. Transference of Terms of Rhetorical Devices from Chinese to English

隐喻------ Metaphor 对照------ Antithesis

移就------Transferred Epithet 隽语------ Paradox

转喻------ Metonymy 层递------ Climax

低调陈述------ Understatement 重复------ Repetition

夸张------ Hyperbole 元韵------ Assonance

明喻------ Simile 引喻------ Allusion

拟人------ Personification 平行------ Parallelism

通感------ Synaesthesia 矛盾修饰----Oxymoron

提喻------ Synecdoche 突降------Anticlimax

委婉语------ Euphemism 头韵------ Alliteration

II. Identify the rhetorical devices according to the given definitions.

1. I t’s repetition of an initial sound, usually of a consonant or cluster, in two or more words of a

phrase, line of poetry, etc.

A. Parallelism

B. Metonymy

C. Alliteration

Metaphor

2. It’s a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or

phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

Personification

3. It’s the humorous use of words, or of words which are formed or sounded alike

but have different meanings, in such a way as to play on two or more of the possible

applications; a play on words.

A. Allusion

B. Pun

C. Climax

D. Oxymoron

4. It’s a figure of speech that consists in using the name of one thing for that of something else with which it is associated.

A. Parallelism

B. Metonymy

C. Alliteration

D. Metaphor

5. It’s a statement that is not strong enough to express facts or feelings with full force; or It’s a statement that expresses an idea, etc, too weakly.

A. Parallelism

B. Climax

C. Rhetorical Question

D. Understatement

6. It’s a figure of speech in which something of an unpleasant, distressing, or indelicate nature is described in less offensive terms, as in the expressions “under the weather” for “ill” or “passed away” for died”.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Euphemism

D. Parallelism

7. It’s usually an implicit reference, perhaps to another work of literature or art, to a person or an event.

A. Allusion

B. Simile

C. Metaphor

D. Synecdoche

8. It’s a figure of speech that consists of phrases or sentences of similar construction and meaning placed side by side, balancing each other.

A. Parallelism

B. Antithesis

C. Irony

D. Repetition

9. It’s a figure of speech that combines incongruous and apparently contradictory words and meaning for a special effect.

A. Allusion

B. Pun

C. Climax

D. Oxymoron

10. It is a sentence in which the last part expresses something lower than the first. In fact, a bathetic declension from a noble tone to one less exalted. The effect can be comic and is often intended to be so.

A. Repetition

B. Anticlimax

C. Paradox

D. Climax

11. It’s a figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is an explicit comparison.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Personification

12. It’s a figure of speech in which human qualities and abilities are attributed to inanimate objects, animals, abstractions, and events

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Personification

13. It’s a figure of speech in which a sensation produced in one modality when a stimulus is applied to another modality, as when the hearing of a certain sound induces the visualization of a certain color

A. Synaesthesia

B. Antithesis

C. Oxymoron

D. Metonymy

14. It’s a figure of speech in which a part is used for a whole, an individual for

a class, a material for thing, or reverse of any of these.

A. Simile

B. Metaphor

C. Allusion

D. Synecdoche

15. It’s a figure of speech that greatly exaggerates the truth.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Personification

16. The rhetorical opposing or contrasting of ideas by means of grammatically paralleled arrangements of words, clauses, or sentences

A. Synaesthesia

B. Antithesis

C. Oxymoron

D. Metonymy

17. It refers to the repeating of an y element in an utterance, including sound…

a word or phrase, a pattern of accents.. or an arrangement of lines…

A. Repetition

B. Antithesis

C. Alliteration

D. Parallelism

18. It’s a method of humorous or subtly sarcastic expression in which the intended meaning of the words used is the direct opposite of their usual sense.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Irony

D. Simile

19. It’s a literary or artistic work that imitates the characteristic style of an author or a work for comic effect or ridicule.

A. Metaphor

B. Pun

C. Simile

D. Parody

20. A figure of speech in which a single word, usually a verb or adjective, is syntactically related to two or more words, with only one of which it seems logically connected.

A. Repetition

B. Antithesis

C. Zeugma

D. Parallelism III. Identify the rhetorical devices employed by the boldfaced words in the following sentences.

1. O dear! O dear! What shall I do? I have lost my love and my lipstick too.

A. Repetition

B. Anticlimax

C. Paradox

D. Climax

2. Australia is so kind, just tickle her with a hoe, and she laughs with harvest.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Personification

3. My heart is like a singing bird.

A. Metaphor

B. Parody

C. Simile

D. Oxymoron

4. When Della had finished crying, she went to the window and looked out sadly at

a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey back-yard.

A. Parallelism

B. Antithesis

C. Irony

D. Repetition

5. On the 14th of March, at a quarter to three in the afternoon, the great living thinker ceased to think. He had been left alone for scarcely two minutes, and when

we came back we found him in his armchair, peacefully gone to sleep but---- forever.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Euphemism

D. Parallelism

6. O, wind, if winter comes, can spring be far behind?

A. Parallelism

B. Climax

C. Rhetorical Question

D. Understatement

7. Of all the students in the class I like him the best.

A. Anastrophe

B. Anticlimax

C. Rhetorical Question

D. Understatement

8. You can ask him for the meaning of the word. He is like a walking dictionary.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Oxymoron

9. Books are the ever-burning lamps.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Oxymoron

10. Money makes the mare go.

A. Paradox

B. Assonance

C. Alliteration

D. Simile

11. There was an audible stillness, in which the common voice sounded strange.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Oxymoron

12. Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit we cannot flower and grow without it.

A. Metaphor

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Oxymoron

13. One teacher writes that instead of drowning students’compositions in critical red ink, the teacher will get far more constructive results by finding one or two things which have been done better than last time, and commenting favorably on them.

A. Parallelism

B. Transferred Epithet

C. Alliteration

D. Metaphor

14. He looked at me with a bitter look.

A. Synaesthesia

B. Antithesis

C. Oxymoron

D. Metaphor

15. ---Why are Sunday and Saturday the strongest days in a week?

---Because the rest are week (weak) days.

A. Metaphor

B. Pun

C. Simile

D. Irony

16. All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players.

A. Antithesis

B. Hyperbole

C. Simile

D. Personification

17. ---Why can you never expect a fisherman to be generous?

---Because his business make him sell fish (selfish).

A. Metaphor

B. Pun

C. Simile

D. Irony

18. Women were running out to the line of march, crying and laughing and kissing the men good-bye.

A. Antithesis

B. Hyperbole

C. Repetition

D. Parallelism

19. Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.

A. Metaphor

B. Pun

C. Simile

D. Irony

20.I wish I could write better.

A. Pun

B. Hyperbole

C. Climax

D. Understatement

参考答案

II.

1. C (Alliteration)

2. A (Metaphor)

3. B (Pun)

4. B (Metonymy)

5. D (Understatement)

6.C (Euphemism)

7. A (Allusion) 8. A (Parallelism)

9. D (Oxymoron) 10. B. (Anticlimax)

11. C (Simile) 12.D (Personification)

13. A (Synaesthesia) 14. D (Synecdoche)

15. B (Hyperbole) 16.B (Antithesis); 1

17. A (Repetition) 18. C (Irony)

19. D (Parody) 20. C. (Zeugma)

III.

1.B (Anticlimax)

2. D (Personification)

3. C (Simile)

4. D (Repetition)

5. C (Euphemism)

6. C (Rhetorical Question)

7. A (Anastrophe) 8. C (Simile)

9. A (Metaphor) 10. C (Alliteration)

11.D (Oxymoron) 12. C (Simile)

13.B (Transferred Epithet) 14. A (Synaesthesia)

15. B (Pun) 16. C (Simile)

17. B (Pun) 18 D (Parallelism)

19. A (Metaphor) 20. D (Understatement)

英语修辞手法讲解

英语19种修辞手法解读 1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。例如： 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。 2.Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成。例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。 3.Metonymy 借喻，转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。 I。以容器代替内容，例如： 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了。 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。 II。以资料。工具代替事物的名称，例如： Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。 III。以作者代替作品，例如： a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI。以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如： I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱。 4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般。例如： 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory。(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人。 2>.He is the Newton of this century。(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿。 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap。(整体代部分) 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。 5.Synaesthesia 通感，联觉，移觉这种修辞法是以视。听.触。嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物。通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“微风过处送来缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。例如： 1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice。(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花)

英语修辞手法的解释和例句

英语修辞手法的解释和例句 1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如: 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉

高级英语课文修辞总结

高级英语课文修辞总结（1-7课）第一课Face to Face With Hurricane Camille Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire) 2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train) Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.) Personification : 1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)

高考英语作文常用修辞手法

高考英语作文常用修辞手法高考英语作文常用修辞手法文章最忌语言枯燥无味，一篇好的作文，语言应该生动形象。而恰当地运用修辞手法，可以使文字新鲜活泼、具体逼真，大大增强艺术表现力，扩大语言表达的范围；而且还可以激发读者的想象，给人留下深刻的印象。下面介绍一些英语作文中常用的修辞手法。 1 比喻(etaphr) 比喻就是打比方。可分为明喻和暗喻：明喻(siile)：用lie, as, asas, as if(thugh) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。例如： lve’s lie a red, red rse 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。 The an an’t be trusted He is as slipper as an eel 那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。 He uped as if he had been stung他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。 hildhd is lie a siftl passing drea 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。暗喻(etaphr)：用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。例如： He has a heart f stne 他有一颗铁石心肠。 The rld is a stage 世界是一个大舞台。 2 换喻(etn)

用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。比如用the hite Huse 代替美国政府或者总统，用the bttle来代替ine 或者alhl，用the bar 来代替the legal prfessin，用rn代替ing等。例如： His purse uld nt all hi that luxur 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。 The ther did her best t tae are f the radle 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。 He sueeded t the rn in 1848 他在1848年继承了王位。 3 提喻(snedhe) 指用部分代表整体或者用整体代表部分，以特殊代表一般或者用一般代表特殊。例如： He earns his bread b riting 他靠写作挣钱谋生。 The fars ere shrt f hands during the harvest seasn 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动力。 Australia beat anada at riet 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。 He is the Netn f this entur 他是这个世纪的牛顿。 4 拟人(persnifiatin) 把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法叫拟人。例如： heart as singing 我的心在歌唱。 This tie fate as siling t hi 这一次命运朝他微笑了。

大学英语中修辞手法归纳总结

篇一：大学英语修辞手法总结英语修辞手法总结 4) personification/p??s?n?f??ke???n/: (拟人）it gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象). for example, the wind whistled through the trees. 5) hyperbole/ha?ˋp?b?l?/: (夸张） it is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. for instance, he almost died laughing. 6) understatement: (含蓄陈述） it is the opposite of hyperbole, or overstatement. it achieves its effect of emphasizing a fact by deliberately(故意地) understating it, impressing the listener or the reader more by what is merely implied or left unsaid than by bare statement. for instance, it is no laughing matter. 7) euphemism/ ?ju?f?m?z?m/: (委婉） it is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. for instance, we refer to die as pass away. 8) metonymy (转喻）it is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another. for instance, the pen (words) is mightier than the sword (forces). 9) synecdoche[sinekd?ki] (提喻） it is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the 2 whole for the part. for instance, they say theres bread and work for all. she was dressed in silks. 10) antonomasia[??nt?nouˋm?i??](换喻）it has also to do with substitution. it is not often mentioned now, though it is still in frequent use. for example, solomon for a wise man. daniel for a wise and fair judge. judas for a traitor. 11) pun: (双关语）it is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words. for instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (here arms has two meanings: a persons body; weapons carried by a soldier.) 12) syllepsis [silepsis]: (一语双叙） it has two connotations. in the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing

英语修辞法

1) Simile：(明喻） It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common. To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other 明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等 For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country./ This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 2) Metaphor：(暗喻） It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. 隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。 For example, the world is a stage./ The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 3) Analogy: (类比） It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance. 4) Personification: (拟人） It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes(赋予) to inanimate(无生命的) objects, or to ideas and abstractions(抽象).拟人（personification）这种修辞方法是把人类的特点、特性加于外界事物之上，使之人格化，以物拟人，以达到彼此交融，合二为一。 1、She may have tens of thousand of babies in one summer.(From“ Watching Ants”) 一个夏天她可能生育成千上万个孩子。这里用“she”和“babies”把蜜蜂比作人类妇女的生育。 For example, the wind whistled through the trees. 5) Hyperbole: (夸张）

英语修辞整理及例子

1.Alliteration 头韵heart,home 2.Assonance 元韵late,make 3.Consonance 辅韵sing,rang 4.Onomatopoeia 拟声The stream murmurs through the woods. Aposiopesis 跳脱“You’d better do this or else…” Apostrophe 呼语Captain!my captain!rise up and hear the bells: Pun 双关ball:(1)any round or spherical object (2)a formal social dance Repetition 重复The rain pours and pours. Anaphora 首语重复法Light come,light go. Epiphora 句末重复法Waste not,want not. Simploce首结语重复法This is the world’s fight,This is civilization’s fight. anadiplosis 顶针With Bewick on my knee,I was then happy:happy at least in my way. Parallelism 平行结构The young actor was tall,dark,and handsome. Antithesis 对偶Marriage is easy,housekeepin g is hard. Climax 层进法We want peace,we want freedom,we want a better life. Anticlimax 突降法Where shall I find hope,happiness,friends,cigarettes Syllepsis 一语双叙He lost his coat and his temper. Zeugma 轭式修辞法We ate a bun and a glass of milk. Chiasmus 回文One should eat to live,not live to eat. Asyndeton 连词省略法Nothing is insider them,they were sealed up before the creation of pestilence. Polysyndeton 连词叠用法I am a a body, a mind. Rhetorical question 反问Isn’t it the best choice Simile 明喻Time flies like an arrow. Metaphor 暗喻You are my sunshine. Metonymy 借喻He has a good ear for music. Synecdoche 提喻He paid the workers $5 per head. Antonomasia 换称Hitler---a tyrant Personification 拟人The bird is singing joyfully. Parody 仿拟I had no outlook,but an uplook rather. Synesthesia 通感The music breathing from her face. Transferred epithet 移情a sleepless bed

高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)

英语修辞手法 1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；

英语修辞归纳

一、Figure of Emphasis强调修辞 1.Repetition 重复 1.1. Immediate Repetition连续重复 Scrooge went to bed again, and thought, and thought, and thought it over and over, and could make nothing of it. 1.2. Intermittent repetition间隔重复 When Della had finished crying, she went to the window and looked out sadly at a grey cat walking along a grey fence in a grey backyard. Anaphora 首语重复 Let that be realized. No survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge, the impulse of the ages that mankind shall move forward toward his goal. Epiphora 尾语重复 … and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people. Simploce/ Epidiplosis首尾重复 ( a combination of anaphora and epiphora) Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death Anadiplosis 联珠/顶真/尾首反复

高级英语修辞手法总结归纳

英语修辞手法明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.

III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。

高级英语修辞

LESSON1 Where Do We Go from Here 1.As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free.(Antithesis 对仗) 2.Psychological freedom , a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.(Metaphor 暗喻) 3.It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis of our times.(Chiasmus 回文) 4.Put God’s children on their own two feet.（Metaphor 暗喻） 5.Without recognizing this we will end up with solutions that don’t solve, answers that don’t answer and explanations that don’t explain.(Paradox 隽语) 6.And I am still convinced that it is the most potent weapon available to the Negro in his struggle for justice in this country. And the other thing is that I am concerned about a better world. I’m concerned about truth.(Parallelism 排比) 7.For through violence you may murder a murderer but you can’t murder a murder.(Antithesis 对仗) 8.He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality.( Metaphor 暗喻) 9.What I am saying today is that we must go from this convention and say, “America, you must be born again!”(Parody 仿拟) 10.Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls that separate the outer city of wealth and comfort and the inner city of poverty and despair shall be crushed by the battering rams of the forces of justice.(Metaphor 暗喻) 11.Let us be dissatisfied until every state capitol houses a governor who will do justly, who will love mercy and who will walk humbly with his God.(Allusion 暗示，引用典故) 12.Let us be dissatisfied until from every city hall (Metonymy 换喻), justice will roll down like waters (Simile 明喻)and righteousness like a mighty stream. 13.When our days become dreary with low-hovering clouds (Metaphor 暗喻) of despair and when our nights become darker than a thousand midnights, let us remember that there is a creative force in this universe, working to pull down the gigantic mountains (Metaphor 暗喻) of evil, a power that is able to make a way out of no way (Paradox 隽语) and transform dark yesterdays into bright(Antithesis 对仗) tomorrows. LESSON4Professions for Woman 1.No demand was made upon the family purse. (Metonymy 换喻) 2.The cheapness of writing paper is, of course the reason why woman have succeeded in the other professions.(语气：Sarcasm 讽刺) 3.I have to admit that instead of spending that sum upon [bread and butter], rent, [shoes and stockings][Alliteration 押头韵](Synecdoche, Metonymy的特殊形式), or butcher’s bills(Metonymy 换喻), I went out and brought a cat—a beautiful cat, a Persian cat, which very soon involved me in bitter disputes with my neighbours. 4.What could be easier than to write articles and to buy Persian cat with the profits？ (Rhetorical question 反诘问句) 5.What is simpler than write books? (Rhetorical question 反诘问句)

英语中常见的修辞手法

英语中常见的修辞手法 1明喻(Simile) simile －简明英汉词典['s?m?li:] n. (使用like或as等词语的)明喻明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的关系，两者都在对比中出现，其基本格式是“A像B”，常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白，使人可见可感可悟，把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。例如： Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.（正如爬山，我们费力爬上三英尺，又掉下去两英尺。）(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B) I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻，把德国士兵比作蝗虫，因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。) 2暗喻(the metaphor) metaphor －简明英汉词典 ['met?f?] n. 隐喻

暗喻也是一种比喻，但不用比喻词，因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征，用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。本体和喻体之间不用比喻词，只是在暗中打比方，从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理，增强语言的表现力。例如： I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.（我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。）(第二册第三单元课文A) Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧，孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。)（大学英语第二册第七单元课文A） Each letter was a seed falling on a fertile heart. A romance was budding.（每一封信就像落在肥沃土地上的种子，浪漫之花含苞待放。）(大学英语第一册地五单元课文A) 3 转喻(the metonymy) 转喻是通过相近的联想，借喻体代替本体。转喻是比隐喻更进一步的比喻，它根本不说出本体事物，直接用比喻事物代替本体事物。例如： The buses in America are on strike now.美国的公共汽车司机正在罢工（这里buses 喻指司机drivers)。“Well,”said the doctor.“I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral porcession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines.”(“好吧，”医生说，“我会尽力做到科学能做到的，但每当我的病人开始数自己葬礼上的马车时，药物的疗效就会减掉一半。”)（大学英语第三册第六单元课文A） 4夸张(the exaggeration) exaggeration －英汉双向大词典 D.J.[?g?z?d???re???n] - exaggeration n. 1．夸张,夸大 2．夸张的言语;夸张的手法 - Exaggeration n. 夸张；夸大把事物的特征，有意地加以夸大或缩小，就叫夸张，即采用“言过其实”的说法，使事物的本质特征更好地呈现出来。英语中夸张修辞格，应用极为频繁。夸张的功能是突出事物的本质特征，因而给人强烈印象或警悟、启发。例如：

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